1 50 2 https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/3452c0315f054b3e81d01edac3cda72c.pdf 4c7fcd0af7786bcaa3d72357db39392f PDF Text Text AOHP #66 Page 1 This is an interview with Mr. and Mrs. Lee Greene for the Appalachian Oral History Project, by Donna Clawson, at Route 2, Boone, on June 11, 1973. QUESTION: Mrs. Greene, I'll start with you. ANSWER: Where were you born? (Mrs. G) You mean the county? Q: Yes, the county or the area. A": (Ms. G) I was born in Watauga County, or Meat Camp. Q: What was the year? A: (Ms. G) 1908. Q: What about you, Mr. Greene? A: (Mr. G) Well, I was born in 1904. Q: Were you born in this county? A: (Mr. G) Watauga County, yes. this house. Just a little ways right here from That little house that used to stand out here where that other house was. Q: Who were your parents? A: (Mr. G) Henry Greene and Lura. Q: Who were your parents, Mrs. Greene? A: (Ms. G) Pink Jones and Laura Jones. Q: Had your parents always lived in this county? A: (Mr. G) Yes. Q: They were born in this county? A: (Mr. G) Yeah, Watauga County. Q: What about your parents? A: (Ms. G) They were too. Q: Mrs. Greene, I'll talk to you a while then. did you have? Both of them. How many years did you go? A: (Ms. G) I just went to the seventh grade. Q: How many months out of the year did you go? What kind of schooling �AOHP #66 Page 2 A: (Ms. G) Six. Q: Was it a one-room schoolhouse? A: (Ms. G) Yes. Q: How many teachers did you have? A: (Ms. G) Just one teacher, every year. Q: The same teacher the whole time? A: (Ms. G) No, a different one each year. Q: What kind of thing did you study in school? A: (Ms. G) Let's see. Arithmetic, that's what they called it back then. English, spelling, history, geography, sanitation, and, one other thing. I can't think of the name of the book. (Mr. G) Grammar? (Ms. G) No. Q: That's about the same thing they teach now. and sisters? What about brothers How many did you have? A: (Ms. G) I had one brother and four sisters. Q: What were their n^^es? A: (Ms. G) Well, Docia's my oldest sister. And Allie Barnes. You want their full names? Q: Yes, that'll be fine. A: (Ms. G) Docia Suddreth, Allie Brown, Bessie Greene, Verlee Brown, and Stanford Jones. Q: Were they all older than you, or were you in the middle? A: (Ms. G) I was next to the youngest. Q: Mr. Greene, how much schooling did you have? A: (Mr. G) I guess I got through maybe what they call the fifth grade. Q: How many months out of the year did you go? A: (Mr. G) When first I went it was just three months. There were four older than me. up to six months. Q: Did you study about the same things Mrs. Greene did? A: (Mr. G) About the same things. Then they got ( �AOHP #66 Page 3 Q: A: What about teachers, did you have one each year? (Mr. G) They teached all the grades that was teached, they didn't grade them like they do now. went along. Passed them through their books as they Didn't grade them like they do now. (Ms. G) We never had a report card or anything like that. Q: You just went through? A: (Ms. G) Yeah, they just passed you. Q: Do you remember the name of the school you went to? A: (Mr. G) Huh? Q: What was the name of the school? A: (Mr. G) Uh, Sands. Q: What was yours? A: (Ms. G) I went to three different schools. I guess you know where that is, up Meat Camp. Springs. I went to Chestnut Grove. And then went to Maple It was only two schools, yeah. Q: Well, what year did y'all get married? A: (Ms. G) 1927. Q: Did you live around here then? A: (Ms. G) We lived in PErkinsville. Q: How long did you live there? A: (Ms. G) Three years. Q: Then did you move back up here? A: (Ms. G) Yeah, we moved down here where Herbert Foster lives. And then we moved from there, down there on the creek, you know where J. D. Greene owns that little house below the creek. And then we moved from there to here. Q: How many children do you have? A: (Ms.G) Two. Q: Mr. Greene, what kind of occupations have you had, what kind of jobs? A: (Mr. G) Farming the most of the time, up till the last twenty-two years. Two sons. Then I been working in produce ever since. �AOHP #66 Page 4 Q: Can you remember a time when you had hard time getting a job? A: (Mr. G) Yeah, they wasn't no jobs, back then 'cept only farming. I never had no hard time gettin' a job. I could get work to do. body wanted any work done, if I had time to do it. / then, you didnjt get too much done away from home. If any- If you tried to farm (Ms. G) They weren't no plants you know, or anything like that to work at. Q: They've not been around here too long. A: (Ms. G) No, they haven't. Q: What kind of crops did you raise? A: (Mr. G) Raised corn, potatoes, rye, wheat, buckwheat. Q: Did you sell any of them or did you just use them? A: (Mr. G) Yeah, sold some fo 'em. his tax. A fellow had to sell enough to pay That's the only way we had of paying the tax. Q: Is that all you ever had to pay? A: (Mr. G) Yeah, that's about all. Had to buy a little sugar and coffee once in while. Q: Goodness, that's not like it is today. What about livestock, did you have livestock? A: (Mr. G) Yeah, kept one cow most of the time. two. (Ms. G) Three, we had three cows. Part of the time I had (Mr. G) Three here one time, didn't we. Q: What about churches in this area, what kinds of churches have been around here? A: The denominations and all. (Mr. G) Well, the Methodist and the Baptist have been around the longest, I guess. Q: Which church did the most people belong to? A: (Mr. G) I'm not sure I could tell you about that. Baptist, most of 'em. Q: I suppose the Right through this area, anyway. Were the churches a lot different then from what they are now? �AOHP #66 Page 5 A: (Mr. G) Yeah, they's a whole lot different. People didn't try to dress up so fine like they do anymore, when they went to church. Q: I guess not. A: (Ms. G) Didn't have it to dress in. Q: What other ways have the churches changed? A: (Ms. G) You answer that. (Mr. G) What? Q: What other ways have the churches changed? A: (Mr. G) Well, these trends. . . trying to build bigger churches. And having less attendance, I think, than they used to have. Q: That's right. A: (Mr. G) That's the way I think they've changed. Q: That's true. A: (Mr. G) From an old feller by the name of Sands, I guess what give it the Sands name. Q: How did this community get its name? (ms. G) That's what I've heard. Can you remember any of the decision makers in this community in the past years? A: (Mr. G) I can't think of any of them. Q: I guess its mostly just been involved in the county, iL-/ rather than so much of a separate community. A: (Mr. G) Yeah. Q: Has the community changed a lot? A: (Mr. G) Yeah, right smart. Q: What about the population of the community? A: (Mr. G) Yeah, more. Q: Are either of you interested in politics? A: (Mr. G) Interested in politics? Q: Yes. A: (Mr. G) Yeah, I've always been interested. Q: Can you remember any special elections? A: (Mr. G) Yeah, all of 'em. People don't visit nigh like they used to. Is it more? �AOHP #66 Page 6 Q: Oh, really? A: Yeah! Q: Did you get out and politic? A: (Mr. G) No, I didn't politic but I always tried to get over there and cast my vote. Q: Just kept up with 'em, huh? A: (Mr. G) Yeah. to go vote. (Ms. G) We've always just been interested enough (Mr. G) No, I ain't never took no part in the local affairs much. Q: Well, voting shows a big interest. How did most of the people around here vote? A: (Mr. G) Well, I guess 'at most of 'em, biggest majority of 'em was Republicans — Q: A: in this county. How do you think politics have changed over the years? , (Mr. G) I think its got rotten, that's how. (Ms. G) You shouldn't 'a said that. Q: No, that's fine. I've heard a lot 'a people say that. just about agree with you, too. A: I think I How have the politics changed? (Mr. G) Used to, the candidates would debate, ya know, at some certain place and speak against one another, but they don't do that no more. It's all on television, or not no speaking a 'tall, or maybe have a few gettogethers somewhere, where the parties met. An' when they debated aginst one another, an' face to face in politics it 'uz even more interesting than it is now. Q: I bet it was. A: (Mr. G) They'd get so mad they could kill one another when they get up to speak at one another. (Ms. G) I can remember going to hear people speak with my daddy when I was just litt^g, An ' he'd want to go hear somebody speak that was on his side, ya know. night and he'd take us children and go. They'd usually speak at �AOHP #66 Page 7 Q: Well, did they ever get in real heated arguments? A: (Mr. G) Yeah, they'd get in some purty hot 'uns, sometimes. Q: What about the crowd, did they get mad, too? A: (Mr. G) No, the crowd didn't seem to worry much. think so. I can't remember anybody getting too mad. probably riled up on a few of 'em in the crowd. that 'ud give us any trouble. (Mrs. G) I don't (Mr. G) Course it (Ms. G) Wasn't nothing (Mr. G) No trouble, whatever. I never did hear of ..having no trouble Q: That's unusual. At least now it seems unusual. How did people get around, back when you were growing up? A: (Mr. G) We walked, wherever we went. or a wagon. We went in a horse and buggy, My father bought an old steer wagon. (Ms. G) My daddy had a steer, yoke 'a steers that I remember we rode to church in. You know what a steer is. Q: Yeah. Did you ever walk pretty long distances? A: (Mr. G) Yeah. Q: How long did it take ya to do that? A: (Mr. G) Not too long. We'd go five or six miles. Back then when I'se young I could walk purty good. Q: Where did you have to walk to ? A: Yeah, ya had to walk to town when ya went to town. three miles, ya know. Did you, like walk to town much? That 'uz about That 'uz just a short distance, back then. (Ms.G) Nobody didn't mind walking to town, back then. (Mr. G) Never thought nothing about it. (Ms. G) When my daddy moved down here, ya know, where Wilson Brown lives, we moved down there, and I'se eleven years old when he moved from Meat Camp down there. And all of us walked back up to Meat Camp to church. Q: Well, that seems like a long way now. I guess people have gotten lazy. A: (Ms. G) And they'd be running a revival meeting, ya know, at night, and we'd all fall in, ya know, and get ready in time to go to church at night. �AOHP #66 Page 8 (Mr. G) People back then when they had produce to sell they hauled it to Lenoir and sold it. On a wagon, and team. Q: How long did that take ya? A: (Mr. G) Take 'em three or four days to go from thefeto Lenoir and back. (ms. G) My brother used to run a steer wagon for hauling produce. Took a long time to go with a yoke 'a steers down there. Q: I guess it did. A: (Mr. G) Back then nobody 'uz in no big hurry. They'j^meet up with somebody, they'd stand and talk for an hour or two an1 now they won't hardly speak howdy to ya. Q: That's the way it goes. It does seem to be that way. You'd \k with people having it easier getti to spend with people. A: (Mr. G) It looks like it. But they hain't, they've got to go. (Ms. G) Looks like when you can go so much quicker that you'd have more time. (Mr. G) Everythings speeded up the past few years. Q: Yeah, I've seen it speed up just as long as I've been alive. A: (Mr. G) Yeah, you've seen it speeding up, all the way up. (Ms.G) I know we lived on Meat Camp one time. They'uz a having a revival meeting, ya know, an' they had it in the afternoons and the evenings. An 1 I can remember walking and going with Momma, and we went across the where Mr. Ira Brown used to live, the Dr. Harmon place, ya know, and come on across that way. And I can remember, as we went back, ya know in the fall of the year it began to get dark so early. And we got down to where Aunt Mary Jones used to live and it was agettin dark there, and we had to go through the dark from there on home. Q: That'd be something today, wouldn't it. Where did most of the roads and the railroads run around here? A: (Mr. G) Well, there wasn't no railroads here, till Tweetsie come into Boone and I don't remember what year that was. it never did come back in. It washed it out in "40 and �AOHP #66 Q: Where were most of the i(a:ojds and things? A: (Mr. G) Page 9 Only railroad was Todd, I guess. gauge running into Boone. place. And that little narrow (Ms. G) But the roads now aren't in the same (Mr. G) And then they built a road that goes up here to Rich Mountair to get logs out. And then went on that narrow gauge over to Shulls Mills. See, they had a sawmill over there. up Howard's Creek, was there. (Ms. G) There wasn't much of a road (Mr. G) No, not much of one at that time. (Ms. G) Then they built a good road up there. We can remember it but I don't remember what year it was. Q: What about some of the other roads, like Meat Camp Read? Was it a pretty good road? A: (Mr. G) No, rough road, and trees so low you couldn't get around them. (Ms. G) They wasn't many roads that was even just gravelled, much that you could travel. Q: Of course, I guess, without having cars it didn't make much difference what the roads were like, did it? A: (Mr. G) No, they got to improving roads when cars begun to come into this country. Got to hard-surfacing 'em then. (Ms. G) This road that goes around down here, ya know, this old road, I can remember when they's a-building that, before I was married. And then out there at Sands, right below, or about even with that house there of ( ? Mr.) Cook's, there's a big mud hole there, ya know, and couldn't nobody get through it. car had tried to get through there. And one There wasn't but a very few, ya know. They would get stuc^r And they's always somebody coming out to my Dad's to get Stanford and Daddy to take their yoke of steer and they'd have to go pull those cars out of the mudhole. Q: When did the first cars come in? saw your first car? Can you remember the year you �AOHP #66 Page 10 A: (Mr.G) (Ms.G) (Mr.G) (Ms.G) seeing. then? I don't remember the exact year. I don't believe I do remember the year. It would 'a been about '15, I guess. But I remember who was driving the first one that I remember And I was scared of it. Do you know I was scared of a car back We lived on Meat Camp, that was before we moved doen here where Daddy lived. And we had come to Mr. Dan Cook's to the store, when he had an old storehouse - - -out ttere. Well, where was it that stood? (Mr.G) Right down this side of where J. B."s got# his store. (Ms.G) No, that first one that was doen here beside- - - (Mr.G) That first one stood right down this side right below the old Ingram house down there. Alongside of the road. (Ms.G) Oh, I thought you said below the road. (Mr.G) Well, 'tis, down this-a-way. (Ms.G) Well, it was on the other side of the road. be, you're right. Yeah, it would That one down there. . . . (Mr.G) He moved out right down and went up by George Hayes', you know. When that storehouse stood there. (Ms.G) You know where Oscar Hayes lives, don't you? the George Hayes place. left on around there. can you remember it? Well that was And the road went way around that hill, to the And right there below where that old Ingram house, It's not been tore down long. Q: Yeah, I think I remember it. A: (Ms.G) It's right there below where Charles Hodges, uh,. . . (Mr.G) . . .slaughter - place is at... (Ms.G) Well, I don't know what I was going to tell you before that. Q: You were talking about the car, the first one you saw. A: (Ms.G) Yeah, that car. We'd been over there to that store, and we went back around that road, ya know, and we went, walking up around up through that bottom above where Oscar Hayes lives. And went on up the road there a little piece,...we got over in Tommy Hayes' field and walked on �AOHP # 66 that hill to where the Howard Foster house is. Page 11 You know, where Howard Foster used to live, you know, over near Meat Camp. Who is it lives there now, Mr. Shook? (Mr.G) Yeah. (Ms.G) We'd go right across that hill, ya know. We heard this car a-coming before we got to where we always crawled under this wire fence, ya know, where we'd come up there above Oscar Hayes1. And I can remember how scared we was and we run ourselves near to death because we's so afraid of that car. And we wanted to get there and crawl under that fence and get in that field before that car passed us. it. And Henry Miller was driving Henry Miller had bought him a car back then. And that's the first car I can remember seeing. Q: I bet that would have been scary. A: (Ms.G) We was so afraid of that car. . . . because we had never seen one. And we's afraid to be out in the road for it to pass us. Q: Can you remember the first car you saw? A: (Mr.G) Yeah, I believe it was along back about '14 or '15. Around that year. (Ms.G) It was . . . now we moved from over there in 1918. And it was just a few years before that becuase I was a purty goog-sized Qirl. And I was eleven years old when we moved there. I guess he's about right. About 1914 or '15. Q: What did you think of the first car you saw? A: (Mr.G) Well I thought it was a kinda funny looking outfit. Q: I guess they did look strange at first. A: (Mr.G) Yeah, but I soon got used to 'em. Q: What was the first car you ever had? A: (Mr.G) Ah, the first 'un I ever owned was a '21 Ford, I believe. Q: You remember when you got that? A: (Mr.G) I got it off 'a Larry Lane. �AOHP #66 Page 12 (Ms.G) She said when. (Mr.G) Oh, no, I don't remember exactly when. It musta' been about 1920, something along that. Q: Did you enjoy riding around in the car? A: (Mr.G) Yeah, I liked to drive it. T-Model Ford's what it was. One seat. Q: Did you like it better than walking, and horse 'n buggy 'n all that? A: (Mr.G) Yeah, Yeah I liked it better 'n that. where quicker and back. Q: any- Go further. What about some of the crafts in the area? the curing, and the weaving. A: You could Like the soapmaking, Have you done much of that? (Ms.G) I never did do any weaving. to make all the soap that I used. I've made a lot of Soap. I used Me and my mother used to make soap. She done a lot 'a spinning and carding, but she never did any weaving. Q: Did you ever learn to do any of the spinning? A: (Ms.G) No, I never did any spinning. Q: I've heard it's pretty hard to do. A: (Ms.G) It was for me. I never did try, though, very much. put us to doing other things since she did all that. Mother She never did teach us. (Mr.G) Yeah, people used to save all their ashes where they burnt the wood to make lye to make soap out of. Set off a hollow tree, make gums, pour the ashes in 'em. (Ms.G) Set 'em up on a big rock, let the rock be a little slant. They'd pour water down in those ashes and set a crock down under there, my mother did, to catch the drippings. (Mr.G) They'd chisel 'em out a little channel, you know, that'd run into the vessel. Set 'em up there, pour water in 'em to get the lye. (Ms.G) She never did buy canned lye. (Mr.G) Why back then, people was the lyingest things you ever seen. LAUGHTER. �AOHP #66 Page 13 Q: I guess they had to be. A: (Ms.G) My mother made her own vinegar and all that she used in the pickles. She never bought any. Q: Well, I didn't know you could make vinegar. A: (Ms.G) Well, she'd take a bunch of apple peelings. exactly how she made it. How do you do that? I don't know But she'd pour water over that, and let it set 'til it would work, ya know, and then she'd strain it. Just have the liquid part, ya know, and let it sit so much and she skim it. know exactly how she did make it. And, ooh, it was strong, too. Q: I don't But she'd make some of the best vinegar. It'd really pickle things. What about mountain cures, like when somebody got sick, did you have cures for different things? A: (Ms.G) Yes, we had some. Q: What were some of the cures you can remember? A: (Ms.G) Well, back then children had worms and you know they say now they don't have 'em. And Momma would always give garlic, ya know the heads of garlic, or the bulbs, ya know, out of the ground. And she'd beat that up, andy put it on, . . . between a cloth, ya know, and put that on your stomach. And that would cure worms. And then they was an herb that she growed in the garden, she called rue. that was good for worms. I think it was spelled r-u-e. And And she would get that, and beat it up and put it in a cloth, and tie it on the wrist. Q: My goodness, did it work? A: (Ms.G) Yes, it sure did. It helped. a sore throat she made onion poultice. she do? And then she made . . . . for And, let's see now, what else did She took wheat bran, I forget what else she put with it. remember how they fixed that for something? Do you What was that for? (Mr.G) I don't know. (Ms.G) I remember she she used to take wheat bran and make some kind of cure. She did all kinds of things like that. �AOHP #66 Page 14 We ' s never ever took to a doctor, or sent for a doctor or anything. Anytime, except when the flu WcvS around so bad, in 1918. That was the only we ever had a doctor at my house that I remember. Q: Who was your doctor? A: (Ms.G) Uh, yes, Stanford did freeze his feet one time in the winter- time. They come big old holes in his heels, ya know. in there. Big old holes, back And, old Dr. J. B. Hagaman lived at Todd at that time. he come on horseback. And we'd send for him and he'd come over nearly every night. . . ride his horse over there to Meat Camp. doctored Stanford's feet. when we had the flu. And And then Dr. Bingham come. He come and Dr. Bob Bingham, And Bessie had pneumonia when we had the flu. Dr. Jones, J. W. Jones, I believe. And He was at Boone, and he come to see her a time or two when she had pneumonia. (Mr.G) And they all traveled on horseback then. (Ms.G) Yeah, they had to ride horse back that far. make all kinds of tea/ in the wintertime. whether we's sick or not. And Momma would She made us drink it all along She'd made boneset tea, and oh how bitter it was. And when we had whooping cough she made chestnut leaf tea and I've drunk quarts and quarts of that. Shti. made peneroil tea out of this big red. . . .no, that's horseleaf that has big red top, but they was a kind of stuff called peneroil, wasn't they? (Mr.G) Uhmm - uh. (Ms.G) She gathered that and dried it to make tea out of. she made tea out of that. And catnip, All kinds of different things. Q: Well what was all that for? A: (Mr.G) Spicewood, sassafras (Ms.G) Well now they said the spice wood was to thin your blood. How they knew that it was too thick, I don't know that. But they'd make us drink it and I guess it didn't hurt us. (Mr.G) They give you spicewood tea to break you out with the measles. �AOHP #66 Page 15 And they used a lot of these hot teas, now, for measles. they had to do for measles, back then, ya know. tea to get you broke out. Just use some of the hot They used spicewood tea for measles and they used the boneset tea for measles, too. things. That was all And it was good for coughs and different And they used polecat oil and groundhog oil for croupe. Just think of them terrible, horrible things you had to take back then. And Momma would get (Mr.G) How'd you like to be greased with polecat oil? Q: I don't think I'd like that at all. A: (Ms.G) If you take the croupe, or a real deep cold, ya know, ooh, that stinking stuff, they'd grease your chest with that, and take a real flannel cloth, ya know. They'd heat it, ya know, and put that thing on your chest right here, ya know. It'd break up pneumonia. (Mr.G) People'd take a fit now if they had to be greased with it, wouldn't they? (Ms.G) I heard Ern Brown one time, tell about breaking up pneumonia with those things. (Ms.G). . . . she'd get a great big bottle, it'd hold about a quart I guess. And she would put sulfur in that, and fill it full of water, and she'd shake that up, and make us drink that for something. terrible. Ooh, it was And then she would get horseradish roots and cut that up and put it in water, and make us drink the liquid off of that. Something to keep us from being sick, I don't know. Q: Did it keep you pretty healthy? A: (Ms.G) Yeah, we's never sick much. (Mr.G) Yeah, they's never sick. Healthiest set of Joneses I ever seen. Q: I guess they musta' worked, then. A: (Ms.G) You know, them old remedies was good. an awful bad sore throat, I'se nearly grown. I can remember having And she put that onion poultice on my throat, I couldn't hardly talk and it cured me. ... �AOHP #66 Page 16 Oh, that old soggy-wet, nasty thing on my throat, it felt terrible. them onions, shooool And these old hen-an-chickens, ya know, like grows out in the yard, hens an things, ya know. them or not. And I'll show them to ya. I don't know if you've ever seen But they would get that, and would get a cloth and beat 'em up, and then they'd squeeze that out in a spoon, and put a drop or two of that in your ears for earache. cure the earache. And that'd sure See, all this stuff grew for a purpose. Back then people knew what it was for and they used it for things like that. (Mr.G) Nobody knows what it's fer anymore. All folks knows now is when a youngun gets sick, take it to the doctor. (Ms.G) Now, what was that sassafras tea for? That was just as red. It made the purtiest little tea you've ever looked at. Now we buy our tea at the store. Q: I guess everybody does. What does sassafras tea taste like? A; (Ms.G) I don't know hardly how to tell ya. (Mr.G) You've eat sassafras candy, hadn't you? Well it tastes a bit like that. (Ms.G) It was good-tasting. wood tea wasn't too bad, either. No, it wadn't a bad taste. This spice- But they'd make it for supper and drink it at the table for supper of the nights. (Mr.G) Ole boneset was the worst tea that 'uz ever made. (Ms.G) Oh, it was bitter. (Mr.G) I've a mind itis. That must be what quinine's made out of. I know it tastes a lot like quinine. (Ms.G) But that's the way they doctored back then. Never bought no medicines Q: Well, they were making do with what they had? A: (Ms.G) And there was only one phone in the community as I know of. That was Mr. Dan COok and Miss Bertha. They had a phone, back then. of these old-timey wall kinds, up on the wall. a doctor always had to go there and call. One Anybody wanted to send for �AOHP #66 (Mr.G) Page 17 Andrew Cole used to run a store down there below where Tabernacle was. (Ms.G) Did he have a phone? (Mr.G) No, he didn't have no phone. (Ms.G) Well, I'se talking about the phone. that had a phone. Mr. Cook's the only one Now us a-livin1 plum over on Meat Camp, if we wanted a doctor that was the only way. . . than walking all the way to Boone. course that was quicker But we had to walk plumb out here and back, and Mr. Cook's was a pretty long way. Greene's and Mr. Walter's that goes up to Henry Miller and Etta used to live? lived a way on up in a holler. Ya know that road at John the left there? You know where Well, it 'uz up that road. Now we Turn out into another road, right there you, the road, you went a way on up in the holler, about a mile, . . . (Mr.G) Yeah, a mile, I guess. (Ms.G) From up in there, that was a long ways to walk. Q: Can either of you remember anything about any outlaws or badmen around here? A: (Mr.G) Ah, they wasn't many of them. boys that was out through here. I've heard about them Allen Shot up the court that time. (Ms.G) I've heard older people than I am talk about the Allen boys that up the court. (Mr.G) I've heard it said that old man Ed Miller brought 'em through this country, Q: helping 'em get away. I don't believe I've heard anything about that. Do you know what year that was? A: (Mr.G) Uh-uh, I don't know. (Ms.G) No, see we just heard talk of that and didn't ask about the year. �AOHP #66 Q: Page 18 Can you remember any folktales that you heard your parents or grandparents tell? Or legends? A: (Ms.G) I don't know. I can't remember none. Q: What about things like planting in a certain sign? Do you believe in that? A: (Mr.G) Old people, all of 'em used that. (Ms.G) Kinda go bit it yet, some. (Mr.G) I believe in it myself, but I didn't plant in them signs. .. . I agree that the moon has a whole lot to do with it. need to talk to Raleigh Williams. You He'd give ya something on this sign business. Q: Can y'all remember much about the Depression? Did it affect you much? A: (Mr.G) Well, about all it was about that Depression was just big men and all got their money outa the banks and let 'em go broke and nobody could get no money to do nothing with and there wadn't nothing to do. And stuff got so cheap ya could just buy a whole lot of stuff for nothing, about it. (Ms.G) But you couldn't get that little bit of money that it took to buy it with as cheap as it was. You just couldn't get that money. (Mr.G) You couldn't pay a debt. Q: Prices were real low then, but you just couldn't get the money? A: (Mr.G) Yeah, back then you could buy a pair of overalls for seventy- five cents. (Ms.G) Now you spend five. (Mr.G) Six. Q: Where were you living at the start of the Drpression? A: (Ms.G) We lived at P rkinsville, didn't we? (Mr.G) Yeah. Q: Were you living on a farm? �AOHP #66 Page 19 A: (Mr.G) Un-uh. Rented farm. Q: Did you raise everything you needed? A: (Mr.G) Yeah, raised plenty of grain, stuff like that. And managed to get hold of enough money to buy what we had to outa' the store. But we didn't have much. (Ms.G) We didn't raise wheat, and make out own flour. We had to buy flour. (Mr.G) Yes, we did raise some wheat when I lived at Perkinses, Raised wheat 'n rye. Buckwheat. (Ms.G) Yeah, but we didn't make all our bread out of it. I remember us buying some flour. with that Truck, you 'Cause Don't you remember when you hauled off bought some flour? But he could get a hundred pounds for a dollar seventy-five, wasn't it? (Mr.G) Yeah, a hundred pounds of flour fer a dollar and seventy-five cents. (Ms.G) And now, ten pounds cost almost that. Not quite that much, but it costs a dollar thirty-five, I think for just ten pounds. And he'd get a hundred pounds of flour for a dollar seventy-five. Q: How old were your children during the Depression? A: (Mr.G) We just had one. (Ms.G) G. L. was born in '28. Q: How did the Depression change working conditions and getting a job? Was it hard to find a job? A: (Mr.G) Yeah, I'd say it was. Wadn't no jobs to get much. (Ms.G) Well, everybody just farmed, you know. Just weren't any jobs much to get. (Mr.G) And it hurt the people that Depression year hurt the people like Cleveland and places like that hurt worse than it did around here. Cause the people there ya know had jobs. jobs. And it got hard for them to get �AOHP #66 Page 20 (Ms.G) And we've heard a little talk about in Detroit, Michigan, having an effect on the people up there. and had nothing much to live on. got out can And I heard one man say that this man and sold, uh, can something what was it? They got out of work, ya know, what was it? Can openers or You heard him tell it. (Mr.G) I don't know if I did. I forgot about it. (Ms.G) Seem^like it was just can-openers. Just any little thing. He'd get out on the street and try to sell that to make a little money, after he got out of a job, ya know, his work shut do^/n. (Mr.G) Yeah, get anything ya could, and get out and sell it. any way in the world to make a penny. Just Course there wasn't as much stealing and bank-robbing and rogueing a going on today as there is. Q: Did you ever hear of any of the government projects, like WPA & CCC? A: (Mr.G) Yeah, they had some projects like that back then. They didn't amount to much, I don't think. Q: Do you remember when the banks closed? A: (Mr.G) Yeah, they closed when, uh, Roosevelt took office. 'em in the next day or two after he took office. He closed Ordered all banks closed. (Ms.G) I remember hearing Mr. Charlie Hodge say that he acted the quickest of any president we'd ever had. (Mr.G) Then he got 'em a foothold or something some way, and everything began to pick up a little again. a whole lot too. The^he got us in war and that helped And then we've stayed in war ever since. since that day, since war was declared in '40. Still a fightin' some of 'em now. Never been out Never been out of war yet. Over there in Laos, they're fightin1, I reckon some of the Americans is bombing yet. Q: Did the community change very much during the Depression? businesses, and the churches, and the schools? Like the �AOHP #66 A: Page 21 (Mr.G) No, un-uh. (Ms.G) I don't think they's any difference in the schools and the churches. (Mr.G) They've changed a lot more since the Depression than they had before. (Ms.G) Than they did during the Depression, I'd say. Q: Who was hurt worst by the Depression? A: (Ms.G) I don't really know, do you? (Mr.G) Well, I guess the businessman was hurt the worst. they did get all the money Even if . What caused the Depression was everybody drawing their money out of the bank. go broke 'n they started drawing their money out. This fellows was gonna That's what caused it. And then they wouldn't pass no bills or nothing that Hoover wanted to pass so they couldn't do any better. lican president. It was a Democrat congress agin a Repub- They held him down. (MS.G) If a poor man was in debt, he was really hurt. you couldn't get money enough to pay it. Because There just wasn't any money. (Mr.G) Yeah, if a man owed anything A man that didn't owe nothing boys he 'uz in the best shape he'd ever been. Everything 'uz more on equalization then than it's ever been in my lifetime. (Ms.G) But you just could not get any money. Q: Was there anything that was good about the Depression days? A: (Ms.G) Well, I guess there was some. (Mr.G) What 'cha sold brought just as much according as what 'cha had to buy. It don't do it anymore. What 'cha buy is more than what 'cha sell. Now they're fussing about such high prices of beef 'n stuff like that. And now's the only time the farmers have had a chance 'at raise cattle to make a penny 'o money. �AOHP #66 Q: That's right. It's unfair to them. Page 22 I've heard a lot of people say that families were closer during the Depression, and the communities were closer. A: Do you think that's true. (Mr,G) They was. A whole lot closer than they 'air today. (Ms.G) Yeah, that's true. They'd work ten whole hours for a dollar back then and get a dollar a day. buy much with or to pay. They just wouldn't get enough money to Just didn't get much money. Q: What do you like best about the way life is today? A: (Mr.G) Eatin' 'n sleepin'. Q: Well you've been able to do that all along, haven't you? A: (Mr.G) Ah, yeah, I've done more sleepin' before. I can't sleep good no more. Q: Is there any thing you like about what life is like now? A: (Mr.G) Well, we didn't have no electric lights, or no power, or electricity of no kine. to pay. Course now we got plenty of it hooked up and have Nose agin the grindstone to pay our bills. (Ms.G) Well, I know that still we enjoy the lights. (Mr.G) We enjoy the little things we have now. (Ms.G) And now we have a lot more conveniences than we used to have. We have a electric stove, and refrigerator. used to have. We have all that that we didn't That saves a lot of time, and it's nice. (Mr.G) Used to have to do the washin; boil the clothes out in a ole pot and bring 'em up on a rock 'n beat the dirt out of 'em with a stick. Scrub it out with ya fists. Lot more conveniences now. (Ms.G) All the modern conveniences. I like that part about it. I have an automatic washer and that's easier. Now Used to have to scrub 'em by hand. (Mr.G) They's a awful sight o' lazy women, though. Q: Do you think it's because of all the conveniences? A: (Mr.G) Yeah, that's what caused a whole lot of it. �AOHP #66 (Ms.G) That's what he says. Q: Page23 I guess that's the truth. You'd think they'd have more time to visit their neighbors then, wouldn't you? A: (Mr.G) Yeah, but they don't. visit their neighbors. They have to watch TV I reckon, can't Some ole story on TV they want to see. (Ms.G) Well, that's another convenience that we use. Q: What did you do before you had a television? I guess you got to visit your neighbors a lot more then, didn't you? A: (Ms.G) Well, I don't know that we did. (Mr.G) All that time she has now to watch television she had to work than and get her work all done. (Ms.G) It took longer to get "cha work done. And you had to work so much harder you were so tired at night that we always went to bed at nine o'clock. tired. Never stayed up later than that, cause everybody was so You'd go to bed at nine o'clock 'n have to get up "n get a lot done ready to start on a day's work.the next morning. You just didn't have too much time. (Mr.G) You go anywhere to work, you had to be at work seven o'clock. Work till six then of the evenin'. Get in ten hours. (Ms.G) We had to get up earlier then than we do now. And had to work a lot harder. (Mr.G) Boy, I think today, take it all the way around, is a lot better time than it used to be. Q: It sure has changed a lot. A: (Mr.G) Well, I think people's got less care for one another, got twice, three times as little care for one another as they had back then. (Ms.G) Well, seems like we did get our work done more back then in time to visit some durin' the day or through the week or somethin1. anymore we hardly ever go off the place. And �AOHP #66 Page 24 (Mr,G) If I go a-fishin anymore I just have to leave something undone 'n go on. Cause there's always somethin' to do. Back then I'd have plenty o 1 time to go a-fishin' a day out of a week if I wanted to. Course I wadn't trying to work on the job then. I'se working the farm. (Ms.G) Well, if you work at home you can quit anytime you want to and go some place if you want to ro go a-fishin1. ya just don't have the time. But when you work on a job Ya come in late, and its time to milk, and time you eat supper, it's eight o'clock time we eat supper a lot o' nights. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Appalachian Oral History Project Interviews Description An account of the resource In 1973, representatives from Appalachian State University (ASU) began the process of collecting interviews from Watauga, Avery, Ashe, and Caldwell county citizens to learn about their respective lives and gather stories. From the outset of the project, the interviewers knew that they were reaching out to the “last generation of Appalachian residents to reach maturity before the advent of radio, the last generation to maintain an oral tradition.” The goal was to create a wealth of data for historians, folklorists, musicians, sociologists, and anthropologists interested in the Appalachian Region. The project was known as the “Appalachian Oral History Project” (AOHP), and developed in a consortium with Alice Lloyd College and Lees Junior College (now Hazard County Community College) both in Kentucky, Emory and Henry College in Virginia, and ASU. Predominately funded through the National Endowment for the Humanities, the four schools by 1977 had amassed approximately 3,000 interviews. Each institution had its own director and staff. Most of the interviewers were students. Outgrowths of the project included the Mountain Memories newsletter that shared the stories collected, an advisory council, a Union Catalog, photographs collected, transcripts on microfilm, and the book Our Appalachia. Out of the 3,000 interviews between the three schools, only 663 transcripts were selected to be microfilmed. In 1978, two reels of microfilm were made available with 96 transcripts contributed by ASU. An annotated index referred to as The Appalachian Oral History Project Union Catalog was created to accompany the microfilm. The catalog is broken down into five sections starting with a subject topic index such as Civilian Conservation Corps, Coal Camps, Churches, etc. The next four sections introduced the interviewees by respective school. There was an attempt to include basic biographic information such as date of birth, location, interviewer name, length of interview, and subjects discussed. However, this information was not always consistent per school. This online project features clips from the interviews, complete transcripts, and photographs. The quality and consistency of the interviews vary due to the fact that they were done largely by students. Most of the photos are missing dates and identifying information. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Collection 111. Appalachian Oral History Project Records, 1965-1989 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1965-1989 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Scanned by Wetmore, Dana Equipment Hp Scanjet 8200 Scan date 2014-02-25 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Interview with Mr. & Mrs. Lee Greene, June 11, 1973 Description An account of the resource Lee Greene was born in Watauga County, North Carolina in 1904 and farmed all his life. Mrs. Greene was born in Meat Camp, North Carolina. Mr. and Mrs. Greene talk about their education in a one-room schoolhouse. Mr. Greene talks about farming and the changes he has seen in the community, specifically in politics. Mrs. Greene explains how to make soap and homemade remedies. Both recall their methods of transportation as children and the transition of using cars. Mr. and Mrs. Greene also recollect memories of the Great Depression. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Clawson, Donna Lee, Mr. and Mrs. Greene Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="Appalachian Oral History Project Interviews, 1965-1989" href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/195" target="_blank">Appalachian Oral History Project Interviews, 1965-1989</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright for the interviews on the Appalachian State University Oral History Collection site is held by Appalachian State University. The interviews are available for free personal, non-commercial, and educational use, provided that proper citation is used (e.g. Appalachian State Collection 111. Appalachian Oral History Project Records, 1965-1989, W.L. Eury Appalachian Collection, Special Collections, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC). Any commercial use of the materials, without the written permission of the Appalachian State University, is strictly prohibited. Extent The size or duration of the resource. 24 pages Language A language of the resource English English Type The nature or genre of the resource document Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 111_tape66_Mr&MrsLeeGreene_1973_06_11M001 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Boone, NC Subject The topic of the resource Farm life--North Carolina--Watauga County--20th century Watauga County (N.C.)--Social life and customs--20th century Depression--1929--North Carolina--Watauga County Mountain life--North Carolina--Watauga County--History--20th century Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1973-06-11 Boone cars Chestnut Grove Great Depression homemade remedies Lee Greene Lenoir Maple Springs Meat Camp Perkinsville Politics railroad Sassafras Tea schoolhouse soap Watauga County N.C. https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/f3905df2ba703c574ba8227640ecbad0.pdf 444744f7916455869455aa54a4b58318 PDF Text Text AOHP #73 Page 1 This is an interview with Mrs. Elizabeth Hartley^ and her son, William, by Karen Weaver for the Appalachian Oral History Project in Triplett on June 11, 1973. (in this transcript Mr. Hartley and "son" are the same person) Q: First I'd like for you to give me your name and age please. A: Lizzie Hartley, Elizabeth Hartley and I'm 73. Q: Where were you born? A: ABout Q: Did it have a name? a mile over up this holler. Did it have a certain name for the area? A: Arnold's Branch. Q: Arnold's Branch? A: Yeah, Arnold's Branch. Q: How many children were in your family? A: Seven. Q: How many brothers and sisters did you have? A: I had four sisters and two brothers. Q: What did your father do for an occupation? A: He farmed and worked the sawmill. I've never heard of that. �Q: The sawmill? Was it around this area? A: Yeah,rail around this area. Q: Did your mother-was your mother just a housewife? A: Yeah, my father was a carpenter. Q: Was he? A: Built houses. Q: So you had a farm? A: Yeah, yeah we had a farm. Q: Did the children have to help with the work around the farm? A: Yeah, the children helped with the work. Q: What did you have to do? A: Oh, we hoed corn, made a garden, and all such things as that, What did he make? Building, he worked at a carpenter's trade. Is that where you get most of your food from? raised cattle, chickens and hogs. Q: Was it hard work? A: Yeah, it was hard work. Q: How long did you have to work everyday? A: 'Bout twelve hours every day. People worked form sixvo1clock till six o'clock for 60£ a day0 �Q: So you rteally felt like you'd earned that, didif'^. you? A: Yeah and most everybody lived in a one roomed house. Q: The vtiole family? A: Yeah, amd we were raised right here in a little ol' log cabin with-it had three little rooms. One big one and two little ones. There wasn't hardly anybody that even had a stove to cook on. They cooked on fire. Q: You had to cook all your food on fire? A: Yes. There wasn't anybody, only just- I bet there wasn't half a doxon in our community that owned cookstoves. Q: Really? Who were some of the families that had stoves? A: My grandmother had one and Mary Carroll had one. That's the only two I know of in the whole community at that time. Q: I bet living in a small house, did you have alot of fights with your brothers and sisters? A: No, no. I's the oldest girl in a family of seven and I took care of the other young'uns. Q: Oh, so that's mainly what you had to do? A: Yeah. �Q: Did your brothers have to help around the house with the housework? A: No, they didn't do no housework. Q: They just farmed. A: Yeah and fixed wood and things like that. Q: Have you had any jobs? A: Nol Q: lfc>u just lived around here on the farm all A: Yeah, and people used to gather all kinds of herbs and dig roots your life? and all for a livin1. Q: Did you all used to do that? A: Yeah. Q: How much would you make? A: Oh you couldn,'t make nothing hardly. You could a lots a kinds of roots you could dig 'em and dry them and sell 'em for 2$ a pound, and people would dry fruit and sell it for 2C a pound, corn 50£ a bushel and coffee IOC a pound and sugar about 4C a pound, cloth about If a yard. Q: Really? Some of that cloth now is two and three dollars a yardl �A: Yeah. Q: What kind of roots and gerbs did you gather? A: There way May Apple, Blood Root, Black Cohosh, Blue and Stone Root, and Quill Root. Q: Quill Weed? A: Quil Weed, yeah. Hydrangeas, something that is on the root list, hydrangeas was then. Gather pine tips to make Christmas roping and skin white pine bark. Q: What were some of these used for? A: Oh, it was all used for medicine. Q: Can you still sell them today? A: Oh, yeah. It was 2C a pound. (Mrs. Greer's neighbor) Beadwood leaves are 15C a pound green now, 30C for dry. Q? What are they used for? A: Medicine Q: Any particular type of medicine? A: (Mrs. Greer) No, don't know what kind. (Mrs. Hartley) It's Oxblood that they use for heart medicine, they sell it up here at Boone, that medicine for heart trouble made o : of oxblood. u| It had a little purple bloom on it. Star root and Gensang and �lady's slipper, wild cherry bark, "sassyfat" root bark, that's a tree. Q: What is lady's slipper used for, do you know? A: Some kind of medicine, I don't know what. And Beth Root and Indian Turnip, sprigmint and angelico. Q: I've heard some of these, but some I've never heard of before. Like I have heard of ginsang and things like that. They pay a pretty good price for tinat, don't they? A: Dollar an ounce. (Mrs. Greer) get hardly nothing. (son) Pepper drinks that you but. Q: A: It wasn't back then, you didn't You take now, you know these Dr. That's wild cherry flavor. It is? Yeah and this here root beer drinks that you buy? That's sassafras flavor. Q: It is? I didn't know that. So they use some of these herbs for those drinks too?v> A: (Son) I think so. (Mrs. Hartley) Sassafras and you never see no drink made with Beadwood do you? Q: Is that a herb or root or something? A: A little branch. (Mrs. Greer) just pull the leaves off. That's �what we's telling you was 15C a pound, green now. we are talking about spicewood.. (Mrs. Hartley) Mo, Them there are beadwood leaves, they are called witch hazel on the list. Q: Yeah, I have heard of that. Did your family used to use any of these for medicine, like when you could'nt get hold of a doctor? A: Oh, yeah. Make tea out of them and catnip, catnip tea. TMey used to make catnip tea and boneset and lemon balm and another kind we gathered, bugle weed, and wild horse mint. What people hepatitis 'now, wild cherry- tea from wild cherry bark will cure that in two or -three days. (Mrs. Greer)- Lord a mercy, yeah. I took my, one of my young'uns had it one time, had that for I don't know how long and I took her to the doctor time after time and she didn't get no better, just laid there like she's dead or something. Little girl came up and she was-well her and Mizelle was A'sout the same age I reckon and she said, "I had that stuff and Momma made me some wild cherry bark tea," and said, "It cured me". So I said wouldn't j^t, no harm in trying. ANd I went down here and got me some and fixed her some and in three days she's well. Q: Did you tell the doctor what you had done? A: No, they wouldn^tbelieve you. it. He'd say some of his medicine done �8 Q: Wild cherry bark, is that what it is? A: Yeah (Mrs. Hartley)' and Balm of Gilead buds you pick them. I picked eleven pounds one time and took them to Boone and got eleven dollars for it. Q: Really? Do they fix. them in town or do they send them off somewhere? A: They ship them. Q: Did you mother or grandmother used to have any home remedies, like for Wtan4lvLkids were sick? A: Oh yeah, Catnip tea and wild cherry tea, boneset. If I had to die or drink boneset , I'd have to die because I couldn't swallow that. Q: A: That is a bitter thing, oh nasty. (Mrs. Greer) Corn silk tea's good for your kidney's if you can get it ciown, but getting it down. (Son) Have you ever tasted any Quinine? Q: I have heard of it, but I have never tasted of it I don't think. A: (Mrs. Greer) Well they used to give us quinine when we was little for a high fever. Q: Really? Did it cut it down? �A: Yeah, but it would run you crazy. (Mrs. Hartley) was assifidity, you buy it at the drugstore. That there You can put that in a- put that in some kind ofaicokol, it is awful good medicine for your stomach. (Mrs. Greer) Yeah, for babies for the cholic. (Mrs. Hartley) Now you can tell her what you make. Q: (To Sofl) What do you make? A: Well, few dancing dolls,-and churns, buckets, and lamps. Things of that nature. Q: How did you get started in doing these things? Making these things. A: Making them? Q: How did you get started making them? A: How did I get started? Q: Why did you get started making them? A: I picked it up myself. Q: You just wanted to start making them? A: Yeah, well in fact I think I must have been gifted to work like that because that is what I like. Q: You sell these to craft shops? �10 A: Yeah to different places. There's not alot to be made at it because there is to many in it. Ocaasionally I build a little machinery once in a while for woodwork as the drill, lathes, grip saws, ^B^rfLuS. a"d things like that. Q: What kind of instruments do you have, do you own that you play? A: I have three right now, two guitars and a harmonica. Q: You have a dulcimer, don't you? A: (Mrs. Greer) Yeah, he's gonna build him one. one to build him one. (Mr. Hartley)) not mine, I borrowed ri.t. He borrowed that The dulcimer , that's I got it and I'm gonna get the pattern off of it to build one for myself. Q: Oh, how long do you think it'll take to build one? A: Weil, now I wouldn't have the least idea, because I ha^re never built one of those. Q: Well that makes sense. A: Well, no, I just work around home. craft work. Do you have a certain job you work at? I do garden work, I do some Well, occasionally I'll work away from home <X livrl^j help somebody finish a house of something like that, but not very often. Q: Oh, so you just stay around home and work mainly and carve all this �11 stuff? A: Well, I have been playing the guitar and other instruments like that. I reckon I been where I could play an organ ever since I coiald walk because they was an organ in the home when I was born wasn't there? Q: Who played it? A: The whole family. Q: Where did you get it? A: (Mrs. Hartley) (Mrs. Hartley) Yeah. Roebuck then. Ordered it fro'm Roebuck, Sears. (Mr. Hartley) I am gonna show you. It was Sears I have something in a few minutes It is a 1908 Sears catalog. Q: Really? Is it an original one? A: (Mrs. Hartley) Yeah. Q: Is it one that you all had? A: (Mr. Hartley) I found it advertland and I bought it. In a few minutes I'll get that out and we will go through it. Q: Okay. What can you remember about the Depression? A: (Mrs. Hartley) Well, I don't remember anything unusual that happened, Alot of people suffered for something to live on and you would see people- we lived in Tennessee part of the time at that time and you would see whole wagon trains going down there and stop �12 everywhere a wanting potatoes or something to live on. We made it pretty good through the Depression, but a lot of people suffered. Q: So it didn't affect you all as far as food? A: No, as far as food was concerned it didn't bother us. Q: Did any of the children leave home during the Depression to find work? A: No. Through the last Depression, now we went through two- one ±>out 1916 and one about 1930 and the first on I believe was the worse than the last one. We skinned pine bark and gathered stuff and bought food we had to have and o£ course we always put up a lot of food at home. (Mr. Hartley) Well the way it was, I remember just a little bit about it because I was very young, but the pBople that owned right much property and owned their own home where they could farm it, they made fairly wellthey growed allftheir own foor, but the people that rented or depended on jobs- they suffered. Q: Were neighbors helpful to each other during this time? Did they help each other out a lot during the depression? A: Oh yes. Some did- them that had anything divided with them that didn't. (Mr. Hartley) Well it was about the same way then I think it is now, there as some people that wouldn't work regardless, (Mrs. Hartley) and we helped Virgil folks down here out. had a big family. They �13 They didn't have - they owned their own home, but they didn't make much. We helped them out a lot. We always kept hogs , we killed hogs every fall, had plenty of meat, kept cows and had plenty of milk and butter and things like that. And then we growed a lot of corn and potatoes and beans and all kinds of stuff like that. Q: What about -this first depression? in 1916. A: I had never heard about it- What can you remember about it? I don't remember to much about that. remember that at all can you Vear? But these people- you can't It was hitting pretty hard on them, at that time, them that didn't have nothing to live on. And we gathered pine bark and all such things as that in order to buy the the things you can't raise like sugar and coffee, salt and stuff like that. (Mr. Hartley) Made no difference what you took to the store when they ran out of herbs at regular how much, you never got no money for it. If you get enough you get it all up in groceries or whatever you needed. They wrote out what they called a due bill. Q: A what? A: (Mrs. Hartley) A due bill. not a penny. Wouldn't never give you no money, People couldn't hardly get enough money to pay their taxes at all. Q: What did they do when they couldn't pay their taxes? A: They just let them go until they could pay them. �14 Q: Just let it pile up kind of? A: Yeah, our tax never did. We never did have our property advertised for tax, but the last paper we got there's two whole pages people's land advertised for tax. Q: They advertised it for sell for their tax. A: So they could pay their tax they were gonna sell their li'.nd— A: Mo they had to pay it with that. Now a lot of people owns enough that they pay their tax and never miss it, but they don't want to you see. (Mr. Hartley) What's the matter with times now they're taxing people so high and they're getting sick of it. (Mrs. Hartley) They will tax them so high that they CQiA't pay it hardly. Q: You said that your father had a farm. Did he ever take any of his products into towns to sell? A: No not much, well they used to. Used to take a yoke of oxsns and a load of Irish potatoes to Lenoir. Take them about three days to go «Iown there and back and they would take them a load of Irish potatoes down there to town and sell them and bring back a load of flour. Q: How would he get it? Would he get his flour like in A: Iibags just like it's bought now, cloth bags. back a thousand ppund6 at one tirae. I have seen him bring �15 Q: A thousand? How long would it take you all to run through a thousand pounds of flour? A: Oh, we didn't use it all. He let other people have alot of it. I would ruin before we could use a thousand pounds. Q: What else could he get besides flour? When he took his produce in what else could he bring hack? A: Well he never did bring anything , but flour. Q: Is that all? A: .Yeah. You see they had a little grocery store round here just below the church and there's one down on the creek and you could get all things like that, well we could have got flour, but I remember Wivius_ 4iu/ju. wasn't no flour in the stores, nor no meal either, Q: Why not? A: They just didn't sell it then. the flour mills to but flour. They'd have to go to Lenoir to the (Mr. Hartley) We raised wheat, lot of wheat, had to take it to the mill and have it ground. Q: Did you have a lot of wheat? A: No, not too much. Q: Just enough to live off of? A: Yeah, we raised wheat and rye, cut it by hand. �16 Cut it with an old-fashioned cradle. I bet you've never seen one one of them. Q: A: I don't know whether I have or not. Oh they had a blade that long and then a little bitty fingers on it about- they's little bigger round than your finger and I guess they was about 40 inches long. You'd just take that cradle, swing it around, get you a bundle and just pour it off of it. You'd get about a bundle ever lick. and rye both. I've bound wheat Go along behind the cradle and tie it up in shocks and let it dry and then stack it or thrash it- stack it and then the thrashing machine come and thrashed it, after there got to be any thrashing machines. A lot of people thrashed it out by hand. Q: How would you do that? A: Fixed them a thrasing floor and spread that our on it and just beat that grain out of it. Q: Oh, I ' l l bet that was hard work, wasn't A: Yeah. it? Then you could hold it up and the wind was blowing it'd blow every bit of the chaff and trash out of it and you just had clean wheat. Q: Isn't there something in the "Bible about the wind blowing the chaff away. �17 A: Yeah Q: With all the work around the farm, when did you all find time to play? A: When you were children? Oh we didn't play none. I was having to tend to the young'uns till I got too big to play. Q: So you never got to play? A: No, No. Q: Did your brothers and sisters ever have any little games that I didn't play none. No. they used to play? A: Oh yeah. Played ball and once in a while I could get time to jump rope or something. (Mr. Hartly) Q: What would you do? A: Veil, we'd get out and maybe we'd go somewhere there's a big a big whole of water- go swimming, or we'd get out in a good cool place in the voods, set around and talk, find us a good grapevine to swing on and played with that. Then after we ' <' learned to play music we'd get together some of us over the weekends, get back where it was cool at. Maybe a whole crowd of us gather around, play sing, and dance. sometimes keep as many as four cows (Mrs. Hartley) We'd and it's whole lot of trouble to take care of youTmilk and keep it clean. �18 Q: How would you go about doing it? A: Well, you'd just milk the cows and then strained your milk and diurn, make butter. And we kept four or five old hogs all the time and we'd feed the hogs milk and now give $1.;35 a gallon for milk. Q: Did you have any kind of ice box or something to keep your milk and stuff in? A: No, but it kept in the spring. Kept a race below the spring water ran in it all ihe time. Q: Oh, I bet it kept a lot colder, too, didn't it? A: Yeah, it kept it good and cold. We had a spring box down here when we lived here and we kept our milk in the water. (Mr. Hartley) The way we'd do-that we'd get some kind of good wide board, make a box* Make it waterproof. Go right down below the spring, we'd dig out a space in that branch there that would fi>^ it so the water would stand about eight inches deep in the box -and the W^W- hjojld, flow through that box all the time and that's what kept the milk and butter cold. Q: Looks like after a while the water would start to rot the box or something. A: Oh, it won't run under the water at all. �19 Q: What the box. wouldn't be under water? A: No, not under water, no. Q: How long did you have to use it like this before you got an icebox1 A: I guess about my whole lifetime up until about thirty years ago. Q: Really? A: About thirty of thirty-five years old. I guess I was thirty-five, maybe forty before we ever got refrigerator. our first refrigerator in '55. five years old then. (Mr. Hartley) We got (Mrs. Hartley) Well,X was fifty- (Mr. Hartley)) Well, you see we didn't get ttie electricity until '54, then '55 we got the refrigerator. (Mrs. Hartley) We didn't have no electricity till about '54. Q: Iteally? A: (Mr. Hartley) They didn't nobody around down in here have no electric til right up around '53. (Mrs. Hartley) Electric wasn't down in here til that time. Q: Wasn't that hard not having electricity? A: Well you never was used to it, you wouldn't miss it, if you never knew nothing about it. But now if you were to go back and didn't have electricity it would be rough. It would be bad now. never was a car down here til about '22, 1922. down here. There Not even one car �20 Q; Really? Do you remember if that is that the first time you had ever seen a car? A: Oh, no. I had rode in a car before that time. Q: Wiat did you think about the car when you first saw it? A: Oh, I didn't think much about it. First car I was ever in was Charlie Watson's, when Roxy and Deity, my two sisters went to Boone to lave their tonsils out. and I rode in that car. taken out. That was nineteen and eighteen I went with them to KuVt- their tonsils But the first car that was ever down in here was Seymore Carroll's car and they never was a car down in here til '22. Q: Why not? Just nobody down here had one? At No they couldn't get in and out of here. There wasn't no road. Couldn't get in and out, no there wasn't no road they could drive on. Q: So that's how you traveled before you had a car? A: Yeah, walked. I walSed. I could walk then. First time I ever went to Boone I was eighteen years old before I ever went to Boone. Q: How long would it take you getting there wilking? A: Oh not long, not too long, no. Deerfield, that way. Went up to Jake's mountain through �21 And the first time I ever went to Boone I went up there to my mothers sisters, walked up there. We got back home about two o'clock. Q: Did you? And that is the first time that you had been to Boone? A: First time I ever went to Boone I was eighteen years old. Q: What did you think about it? What did it look like when you were eighteen, what did the town look like? A: I don't remember. cThere wasn't too many buildings there. I remember Roby Blackburn's, went into see him, she-her son had died and she went up there to, have , be appointed administrator. Roby Blackburn up there and he asked me how old I was. And I saw I told him I was ei ghteen and he said I was old enough to begin to court just a little bit but I wasn't old enough to get married yet. Now most all the buildings that was up there at town, I would say fourteen years ago, was torn down. Q: Really? What kind of buildings were up there? A: Well, there's some of them was dwellings and some of them was for business purposes. Now up at the place where I bought my first Gibson guitar I ever owned was tore down. the theater is at? You know that parking lot just above it? Right there. Q: You know where That is where it was? The store? �22 A: Yeah, it belonged to Richard Greene. Q: Richard Greene? A: Yeah he owned it. He owned the store? He had his music store in the basement of his house.' Q: And it/s torn down? A: He is dead now. Did he go into another business or what? I have got the guitar now yet, the one I bought from him. Q: The very first one you bought? A: No, it is just the third one but it is the first Gibson. Q: Oh, -that is the kind that my brother has. I think it is a Gibson. When'did you get your first guitar? A: The first guitar I got was in, the first one that I ever owned I got it in 1936. Q: Who did you get it from? A: Sears and Roebuck. Q: Did you? A: Uh huh. Do you still have it? I wished I had kept it. A guitar like it today costs $32.00 and that one costs four dollars and thirty-nine cents. �23 Q: What kind was it. A: Silverstone. Q: Prices have certainly changed. A: (Mrs. Hartley) You could get a good cow for $15.00 but you had to work thirty days to get that $15.00. Q: WMit, just doing any kind of work? A: Any kind of woirk that you done you just got 50C a day and you had to go to work at 6:00 of the morning and work till 6:00 of the evening, for 50C. Q: That is the most you could make was 50£? A: 50C, 50C a day, and people got so they could get a dollar a day for work and they thought they's going to town. Women, when they worked they got 25C a day and the woman would do just as much a« the man, they got, a man got, 50C a day and that wasn't fair. Q: What kind of jobidid the women have to do? A: Oh, they would get and work in the fields hoeing corn and working out like tbat. Q: What about the men, what did they do? A: They would do things like that too. Worked in timber and the saw- �24 mill, cut timber and logs, and I worked in the sawmill. They wasn't no way to get lumber out of here only haul it out with,* team. Couldn't get in here with a truck. Q: Either oxen or horses? A: Oxens or horses. Q: Didn't you say that your father worked wi-fk the sawmill? A: Yes Q: Would he just cut up the lumber? A: He usually logged. Q: Logged? A: Pull logs into the sawmill out of the mountains. What would he do, what do you mean by logging? He'd pull them with teams and he done a lot of carpenter work, too. (Mr. Hartley) He helped build every house that was built in the neighborhood, until he died. Q: He was probably a pretty \\&rd worker then, pulling all that stuff. A: Yeah Q: How long has it been since you have made a quilt? A: I ain't been too long. four years. (Mrs. Greer-neighbor) It's been about (Mrs. Hartley) I guess it has since we made one. But I've got some more to make cause I have got some to quilt. �25 I ain't got nowhere to put them up to quilt. Ain't got room in here and it is too hot upstairs in the summer time and too cold in the winter time. Q: Where did you used to quilt them? A: We'd quilt them right here but we didn't have as many things in this room, (Mrs. Hartley left the room to get a quilt to show me so I talked to Mr. Hartley about school until she got back.) Q: How much schooling did you have? A: I went to the fourth grade and then I got sick end had to quit. Q: Do you remember your first year of school, the Very first day of of school? A: Yeah, I didn't like it. Q: You didn't like it? A: Well, I didn't like my teacher awfully good. Q: Where did you go to school? Ai It was down here. Why not? I tell you, you know down yonder where come down, you know where the church is around there? Well, you know where you come on down to that road you turn left to come straight on down this way? Well you remember after you got on down, you �26 remember that house that's setting over that creek? Right there was where the school house was at. Q: Really? How long has it been since they have torn it down? A: They te.d the last school house there at the '40 flood. (Mrs. Hartley returned with her quilt) Q: Oh, this is beautiful! When did you make this one? A: It ain?.t been too long since we quilted this one. Q: Is this a certain pattern? A: Star. (Mr. Hartley) If she wants to make a certain design in her quilting, I help her figure her patterns out. Q: Do you make up the patterns? A: Yeah Q: I knew that there were some certain patterns to go by but I didn't know that you all had made these up. pretty. A: Oh, these are Now, do you do these by machine or hand or what? (Mrs. Hartley) I can do it by hand or by machine or either one, It is quilted by hand. Q: Are you ging to go back to quilting? A: I don't know. I don't know whether I could or not. I've got �27 I ain't hardly able to do nothing. A: (Hr. Hartley) People used to talk about seeing such hard times back then, I don't wonder at it. Took everything they could rake and scrape to buy buttons with to go on the clothes aad they was made of brass, and brass never was cheap. (Mrs. Hartley) Well, people back then didn't know how to have nothing. The land vas worth three times as much as it is now and -they planted about four hill of corn to the acre. (Mr. Hartley) They would plant •the corn four foot apart each way. Q: They just didn't know? A: (Mrs. Hartley) Didn't know hosr to do it. take you right now and show you a farm. (A\r. Hartley) I can It is in Ashe County and it is a beautiful farm too and way back, it is a great big farm about 300 acres was sold for one old hog rifle. Swapped for one rifle. Q: Really? Whose farm'-is it? A: Cooper's, Cooper's farm. (Mrs. Hartley) People used to buy all all the land the land they wanted for $4.00 an-acre. (Mrs. Hartley) Sell any kind of old bluff for $2.00 an acre. Q'i Why do you think their has been such a drastic change in the prices of land and everything>else? A: Well I don't know. People has just got to be bigger dogs than �28 they used to be I reckon. (Mr. Hartley) and what's run the prices of land up here in the mountains so much is the people from Florida and also from the North coming back here, and what I think has really happened is people has made so much money they either have a farm or a lot that costs just so they got it. See they could buy that land cheaper than they could pay their income tax. Q: What do you all think about all these people coming from Florida aid like from the North coming in and building houses and all these condominiums and things on top of mountains? A: (Hrs. Hartley) Well, I don't exactly approve of that, do you? (Mr. Hartley) Well, I will tell you what I think about that. I think we should hold that more or less for the people in our own state. a home. Now say for instance,say you wanted to go buy you How much more would that home cost you on that account? A 30, a $25.000 and a $30.000 home now ain't worth over $45.000. And they will burn you. up building it. And'the labor costs on a home now is more than the material to build it. people wfisn^t work like they used to did. Because And most of the contractors when you build now, they build you a house at costs plus 10%. Well they don't try to save nothing on that building material. They don't try to save nothing on the lot. Now they don't care how long it takes them to build it, why the more they are going to make. self. (Mrs. Hartley} Well, built our house practically his He cut every piece of framing in it but three. it his self. He built �29 Q: How long did it take you to build it? A: Well, in getting my^timber out and having it sawed, it took me a little over a year. See, I cut my own logs and had them sawed. I built this houee for a little less thafa $22.00. I am thinking about, I don't know whether I will or not, I been thinking a little bit about building me another one. Me and a friend of mine are going to buy a sawmill, in fact we are going to build us one a piece. Yeah, we are going to cut our own timber. Q: Where would you build it? A: I would probably build right around here somewhere and my friends gonna build one about a quarter of a mile on up above here. Right there's where I was born and raised. Q: You said awhile ago when I was talking to you about school. Do you remember any experiences that you had in grade school? A: Well, not but a very few of them, Matter of fact, what I liked about school, only it was different than it is now. We run up with a problem then in school that you didn't know what to do with, your teacher, she would come to your seat and sit with you and explain dt to you and help you, or my teachers would. She would work with the whole class like that as long as we had her for a teacher. learned in school and learned and learned fast. And my favorite subject was arithmetic, but today we call it math. Q: How much schooling did you have Mrs. Hartley? We �30 A: They just, when I was growing up they was just three months school. Maybe I would get to go two or three days during the whole term. never went to school none to amount to nothing. I (Mrs. Greer) She can out read any body you ever seen. Q: Did you teach yourself to read? A: Yeah. Q: You did? A: Well, •-! just got to reading every little thing I could come across. How did you know how to teach yourself? (Mrs. Greer) there? Q: You see all them books and things stacked up across She reads everything in the world. That is really good. What about your brothers and sisters, did they get to go to school? A: Oh yeah, they went to school. Q: Did your parents go to school? A: Yeah, both of them could read and write. Q: How many years did £hey go? A: I don't know. They didn't have no school much. Back then children didn't get to go to school, they had to work, and their wasn't no compulsion school laws then. Q: I never went to school none hardly. Do you know what they used'to do Hor discipline in the schools? �31 A: Used to whip them. stand up. Sometimes make them slay in. Sometimes make them I was going to school in an old log cabin, and one boy, they made him stand up and he fainted. He was a grown man just about, Granville Tripplett. Q: Who was it? A: Qranvilfc Tripplett. Q: Do you say you went to school in a log cabin? A: Yeah. Q: Was it one room? A: fust one room and they didn't have no glass in them, just open He is dead now. windows and a big old fireplace, they kept a fire in it, big old chimney, kept a fire in. Q: Who would keep the chimney supplied with wood? A: Well, the students would. Yeah, they was woods all around it and and they would cut the wood. Q:, About how many students would be in the classroom? A: They would be about. I've got a group here of pictures taken, maybe I can find it. Q: What did they used to do for discdpLine when you went to school? A: (Mr. Hartley) Well, sometimes they would use a switch on them, �32 sometimes a paddle or they'd rnark a ring out in the center of the floor and make them stand on one foot for a certain length of time. Q: What if they would fall? What would the teacher do if they lost their balance? A: Send them back to their seat. Then alot of times they would make them mark a ring on the floor and make them hold their arm up like that for a certain length of time, ot again go up and put a dot on the board and make them stand on their tiptoes with their nose in that dot on the chalkboard. Q: Just anything they could think of to do. A: Yeah. But I will tell you though, the teacher I had was good to them but she kept them under control. Q: Was she a strict teacher? A: Well, the same teacher I went to was my first grade teacher, second, third and fourth grade as the grades come up for me, why she got up, she come up and started teaching higher grades., Q: Who was she? A: It was Ollie Triplett at that time, it is Ollie Thompson now. Q: So she would just move up with you all in the grades? As you would move up to another grade, she would move up? A: Well, see she would go to school herself when school was out. She �33 would build herself up to it,. She'd teach around here and -then when school was out she would go to college. Q: Well how would the teacher go about teaching if you were all different ages? A: Would he teach you all at one time? No, they had certain classes for 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th grades. Q: Would they all be in the same room? A: Yeah. Q: What would the other ages be doing when he was teaching another age group? A: They was, they'd just call them up to class and have them recite one class at a time. Q: What would the others be doing though? A: Be studying. (Mr. Hartley) I believe folks back then days too Wis alot stricter with their younguns than they are now. Back then it is a possibility that they were too strict with their family andnow it is a possibility that some of them are not strict enough. Don't you believe that a lot of this doping that has got dnto the college and many different places, don't it start at the students homes? Q: I couldn't really say. �34 A: (Mrs. Hartley) No, I don't really believe parents, if they know that, I don'tAtheir parents would allow it. Of course alot of the parents are dopes too. (Mr. Hartley) Yeah, what I mean, I think alot of times I believe these things begins at home. Q: Probably so. Probably has the roots of it at home. A: Or at least in the hometown. You see, the students that go to college up there are from all over. some cases their from other nations. All over the nation and I don't know you might not agree but I think in America, I don't think they should allow anybody in Boone to have schools but for theJAmerican students. And you know that as messing up our nations too much and that is giving other nations the chance to learn too much about our affairs, Q: You think they should stay in.their own nations and country and go to their own schools? A: I think that we'd be better off. Q: That is interesting. A: This United Nations"4Keu have got I don't think too much of fchat. Because we are paying for all of it and the other nations are paying for none of it. Q: We are paying all the expenses. You don't think that it is helping keep peace or something with other countries or anything? A: There^ is no way to keep peace with other countries because we have �35 done found, looks to me we've done found that out. All they are doing now, just trying to get everything out of us that they can and we are giving it to them. Now I have had people that stayed in i Germany for three or four years andhow I had a cousin, her and her husband stayed ovet there for four years and she told me that the German people had any love for Americans they did not. they hated our guts. fact. (Mrs. Hartley) She said that And I wouldn't doubt it that ain't about the Now I think that our government authorities is just doing the American people awful wrong. They are taxing them out of all reason in the world and then sending it to them people over seas now that is not fair. I don't think they should do that. (Mr. Hartley) Well, now you know when they settled this here peace treaty there in Vietnam, whenithey went- and signed that peace treaty and they wanted to i give North Vietnam so many million dollars, two and and a half million, I think, and South Vietnam two and a half million , I agree with you that isn't fair, it isn't fair. Q: What, to give them the money? A: To give thm the money to build back with. They was the ones that started the war and they were the ones tho^" tore up everything. Vfty not let them fix it back themselves. Q: Where would they get the money to fix :it back? A: (Mrs. Hartley) Where did they get all the money to buy all that equipment for the war? �36 Q: Well, that is right. A: (Mr. Hartley) I think to let them whup theirselves, that would teach them a leason. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Appalachian Oral History Project Interviews Description An account of the resource In 1973, representatives from Appalachian State University (ASU) began the process of collecting interviews from Watauga, Avery, Ashe, and Caldwell county citizens to learn about their respective lives and gather stories. From the outset of the project, the interviewers knew that they were reaching out to the “last generation of Appalachian residents to reach maturity before the advent of radio, the last generation to maintain an oral tradition.” The goal was to create a wealth of data for historians, folklorists, musicians, sociologists, and anthropologists interested in the Appalachian Region. The project was known as the “Appalachian Oral History Project” (AOHP), and developed in a consortium with Alice Lloyd College and Lees Junior College (now Hazard County Community College) both in Kentucky, Emory and Henry College in Virginia, and ASU. Predominately funded through the National Endowment for the Humanities, the four schools by 1977 had amassed approximately 3,000 interviews. Each institution had its own director and staff. Most of the interviewers were students. Outgrowths of the project included the Mountain Memories newsletter that shared the stories collected, an advisory council, a Union Catalog, photographs collected, transcripts on microfilm, and the book Our Appalachia. Out of the 3,000 interviews between the three schools, only 663 transcripts were selected to be microfilmed. In 1978, two reels of microfilm were made available with 96 transcripts contributed by ASU. An annotated index referred to as The Appalachian Oral History Project Union Catalog was created to accompany the microfilm. The catalog is broken down into five sections starting with a subject topic index such as Civilian Conservation Corps, Coal Camps, Churches, etc. The next four sections introduced the interviewees by respective school. There was an attempt to include basic biographic information such as date of birth, location, interviewer name, length of interview, and subjects discussed. However, this information was not always consistent per school. This online project features clips from the interviews, complete transcripts, and photographs. The quality and consistency of the interviews vary due to the fact that they were done largely by students. Most of the photos are missing dates and identifying information. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Collection 111. Appalachian Oral History Project Records, 1965-1989 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1965-1989 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Scanned by Wetmore, Dana Equipment Hp Scanjet 8200 Scan date 2014-02-25 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Interview with William and Elizabeth Hartley, June 11, 1973 Description An account of the resource Elizabeth Hartley was born in Arnold's Branch, North Carolina in 1900 and lived on a farm where her only job was to collect herbs and dig roots. William Hartley is the son of Elizabeth Hartley. Mr. and Mrs. Hartley both talk about growing up and childhood activities such as picking herbs, but they both agreed their childhoods were mostly hard. Mr. Harley talks about playing instruments like the organ and his interest in music, while Mrs. Hartley discusses her hobby of quilting. They both reminisce about what it was like living through the Great Depression and such as using electricity for the first time in 1953 and seeing their first car in 1922. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Weaver, Karen Hartle, William and Elizabeth Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="Appalachian Oral History Project Interviews, 1965-1989" href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/195" target="_blank">Appalachian Oral History Project Interviews, 1965-1989</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright for the interviews on the Appalachian State University Oral History Collection site is held by Appalachian State University. The interviews are available for free personal, non-commercial, and educational use, provided that proper citation is used (e.g. Appalachian State Collection 111. Appalachian Oral History Project Records, 1965-1989, W.L. Eury Appalachian Collection, Special Collections, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC). Any commercial use of the materials, without the written permission of the Appalachian State University, is strictly prohibited. Extent The size or duration of the resource. 36 pages Language A language of the resource English English Type The nature or genre of the resource document Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 111_tape73_William&ElizabethHartley_1973_06_11M001 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Triplett, NC Subject The topic of the resource Farm life--North Carolina--Watauga County--20th century Watauga County (N.C.)--Social life and customs--20th century Depression--1929--North Carolina--Watauga County Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1973-06-11 Elizabeth Hartley farming Great Depression herbs homemade remedies instruments Quill Weed quilt making quilts roots sawmill schoolhouse Triplett William Hartley