1 50 2 https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/aecde67ec159e89d60f0e4a03998f5c1.pdf 45d859fc4dd82b3429bc099cb212b404 PDF Text Text Target :r.,._ ____ Descr~ of .\-faterial B'ng · icrof iif( 7 l Title t'blte\S'a\W, Date:---------Reduction Ratio:. i \ O \ Microfilmed by: I W.L. Eury Appalachian Collectioo C~ol Grotnes Belk Library Appalachian State University BNir8608 \ ' •MiS Through Reel Number: --~f!l•s._ This is to certify that the microphotographs appearing on th.is film are true and accurate reproductions of originals. �~ .... '~ .~ ~ 1 ~ " ... ~ ~ ~ ~1 ~ "'. "" •'''" :.;: �, H. L. FINKELSTEIN /lj ,tlfr ~111/lf,f/'~tY FIVE - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -[fl/o/J'f!4,{)/}llk Cif /11Ynl5ffoc4,o/ o eflou &Jol/oc£ 01nemot-ia/ &Park ,h'O/n~fa?u//j/~n~1",,mt//~lbo~*/A',rY~m;1fi1t7#mv.&,-,,~,/ftJ~;i·~-M,,~#i-­ /1#:ft»Zf@:.tf /.x#/ l mn&-ip¢mvA1'~7l'enc/c'?fofri&ft!~-klfaz/ ~/l4rJ u»#l / /?&'/toh;1:J.a/: �tf7 t>IK'J ~ C~ '-J 11 ·(~ ~"f't+ l ;; (-? ~ft L-g ~ { 14 Ii ll- 1 i.:!"P H H-R;;> Committee of the Month: Cemetery Committee Here's your "Cemetery Quiz" for the month: I )Who was Lou Pollack and why is our cemetery named after him? 2)Who was the first person buried at the cemetery? 3)What was Beth Israel's fonner name? ln the early 1900's. as many of us know. many people, including many Jews. came to Asheville for reasons ofhe:llth. Although many recovered, some did not. Among those who died were Jewish people who did not have friends, relatives, or funds to provide for appropriate Jewish funerals. The West Asheville Hebrew Cemetery Association was created to provide free funeral services, burial, tombstones, and landscaping for these people. The founders of this organization and the Mount Sinai Jewish Cemetery included nine local men: Lou Pollack (the grandfather of Ken Michalove), D. S. Schandler (Dr. Joe Schan dier and Rutl1 Fox's father}, Sender Argintnr, B. Pearlman, S. Finestein, Isaac Michalove (Dr. Paul Michalove's grandfather's brother), S. W. Silvem1an, H. L. Finkelstein (now a resident ofThe Swnmit), Rabbi Elias Fox (affiliated with Bikur Cholim Synagogue). Student: "Rabbi, why did God make man before woman?" Rabbi: "Because He didn't wa111 any advice on how to make man!" Submimvl b v rl Ian S1frerrnun fEnMIOV'"tilao(Jewi•hll11mnrJ February 0 11eg Spo11sors F~14~1S - ~~ ~~-~~~ Pollack was well known in this area for his kindness and generosity. especially to the indigent His "Christmas parties" for Asheville's needy provided hundreds F~ 22 - Of4oflocal children with shoesqch year. While he was president of the cemetery association, he resolved many problems and oversaw the excavation ofa new entrance 11nd new driveways, the t.reci ion oftlle pefn'l:l.!t~t f~~c. ::.nd !.'lliU!i·.::ip- Ftl:.:~, zg - ~ -J. Ct(t ing projcx1 ... ·1 ne <1r.cic:1"!1 t~ ~!l..'!l>! .i!'! c~rnetery llfle~ him was a tmanimous one, f ,~~.l,l a recognition oftlle time and money he had so generously given to Ille project. The dinner to honor Lou Pollack was held at Bikur Cholim Synagogue (Ille answer to question #3 ). In Ille newspaper article describing his choice, the reponer comments that "for the first time in the history of Bus. 704/252-2697 Asheville, and perhaps the only time in the nation. a cemetery Res. 704/254-25 71 r.. ""'° has been named as a memorial to a living man." Later PresiToll Free 80().84 7·2697 C.\u.tlry FAX 704·252·1IOJ dents oftlle Lou Pollack Cemetery included Samuel Slosman lnlo<VI M,o-.,. DAVID H. LEVITCH 11,,...i. (tl1e faiher of Benson and Fred Slosman and Bryna Liebowitz) CUtnrt'NfC...! l rwt~'uMJ and Phil Rosen. David H. GI."' UI< Levitch o...w.rv At some point in time, Coogregation Beth Israel obtained sole COtftpir1'WtlOn Agnecy, Inc. respoosibility for the maintenanct' and ownership ofThe Lou C•oup GENERAL INSURANCE ""~'°" Pollack Memorial Park. Our current cemetery committee ?.otl<t ""''tfl9 5..17 College St P.O. Box 2 Muru~ fvnd~ continues to keep Lou Pollack's dream alive. It oversees the Asheville. Nor1h Corollno 28802 cemetery in order to ensure that the tombstooes and the grounds areingoodroodition. ltisinvolvedinanambitiousimprovement JACK OF ALL TRADES project in memory ofMildred Lurey. Landscaping btld trceMASTER OF NONE. planting designs will greatly beautify the area Ifpossible, the committee would also like to repave and widen the road lndividuIF I CAN'T RX IT als are al.so encouraged to become involved. Jessica Hedgepeth, ilr I T DIDN'T NEED TO BE DONE. example, is working en cleaning up the spigot at the entrance so CALL AND LEA VE A MESSAGE that ritualhan.dwasbing can be dcce. The Otairperscn ofthe WHAT NEEDS TO BE FIXED Cemetery Committee is Dr. Joseph SchancDer, who has a AND /'LL GET TO YOU ABOUT SIX. lcn~dingcamectiontothismemorialpark Hissister,in 1916, was the first persoo to be buried there. Other committee members JOHN KLOTZ - 299-1733 are Ellen Carr, Hilda Ehrlicb, Fred Slosman, and Sandy Slosman. ,_.. A t1ntllfW'\ " �/Jl\ide Tile 7(1rt1'1 hr fi·1111A (,'old\/11itll . About Jews . (By Mark 'l\min, pub/isltt•d /11 I /arper :r. Septembl'r, 1899) February 1 (24 Sltevat): (Birkat Haltodeslt) ntro: Exodus 18: 1-20:23(19:1-20:23) lft11e stnt1st1cs nre nght, the Jew~ constitute but one µercent of the humnn rnce. Properly tlle Jew oughl hnrdly 1 be heard of, bul he Is hen1d 0 of. hrss nlways been henrd of I le Is 11s prormncn1 on 1he pl.111c1as ru1y 01hci1 people, nnd his 1111portnnco 1 exit ov1 s 1· gnntly out ofproportion to tho smnll· ness on us bulk His co111ribu11011s 1 0 Co111mn11d111ems, by far, are those prohibiting idolatry and en;oin111g 1.he world's list of great nnmcs in hternture, science. art, music, fi11un cc, obsen1nnce of the Sabbath. J there special sig11ijica11ce for Judaism 1s .t these two comma11dme11ts? What does it 111ea11 lo 1is as modem Jews to be medicine, nnd abstract lcnnung arc nlso way oul of proportion to tho n "kingdom of pnests "? wealmess ofhis numbers. Ho hnll mndc a marvelous fight in tllis world m February 8 (I Adar I): (Roslt Hodeslt) Misl1patlm: all ngcs; :md he has done ii wiU1 l11s Exodus 21: 1-24: 18(22:4-23:19) hands tied behind hjm . ·n10 Egypun1111, Following the Ten Commandments are more detailed ordinances (rnishpntirn) the Babylonians, t11e Persinns rosu. governing etllical behavior, civil laws, and the punishment ofcrime. Fair filled tJ1e plMet wit11 sound Md sple11· res!itulion must be pnid to ilie victim ofanother's wrongful or careless condor, then faded to drenm-slufTruid duc1 StranJters are to be treated equally fairly, for we were strangers in t11e passed nway: t11e Greeks and the land of Egypt. n1.•u rules µre-."''''}(.:;, :!:.· r.-:!s'"11a t?f cultii•ated fields · k on:11•<1 folkwi:J, aad mddc .. ·mo1 a11d domestlcnred animal.r, the ow11er.r//ip of property (i11cludl11g 3/n11es), cr pen11n11ent ho1ises, mu/ wealth and poverty. How could such things exist noise, Md they nre gone; ot11 peopl u~ have sprung up nnd held t11olr 1 orch among a people wa11dtrlng in the wilderness of Sinai? What is the high for a time. but it bumed oul, nnd relcmnce of our staws as strangers in Egypt to our duty towards strang· d1cy sit in twilight now, or hnvo ers in our midst? vanished. The Jew saw tJ1em nil. benl t11em all, and is now whnt ho nlwnyo February 15 (8 Adar /): Terumalt: was, cxhjbitingno dccndence, 110 Exodus 25: 1-27: 19(26:1-26:30) infinnities ofage, no weakening off us TI1is week's parashoh caitinues witll the details oftlle coostnictioo oft11e Sancparts, no slowing oflus energies. 110 tuary (Mikdasb) in which the Ark is coolnined ·specifically the curtains m1d the dulling ontis alert and awcss1vo boards ofthe Tabernacle. A good overview oftlle layout of the Sanctuary is mind. All t11ings arc mortal but tJ1 0 found at page 325 ofyour Hurnash. you may want to review it to place tlle Jews; all otlm forces pass. bur ho mooth 's readings in perspective. 71ie Sanctuary is said lo be an "offering" remains. What is the secret ofh111 (leno11ah) --why do yo11 think this tem1 was used to refer lo a st111ct11rc? Is immortruity? 1S our situ/ n Tenonah ? Do all of1 pledge our fair share of rot offering? In this second year of the triennial cycle, the people of Israel encamp in 1.he wilderness ofSinni, at tl1e foot of the mow1t. God tells the lsrnehtes, through Moses, t11at if they keep the covenant, tlley will b~ God's "own treasure from among t11e peoples, ... a kingdom of priests, and a holy 11ntio11." ·1110 people assemble before a quaking mounl enshrouded in smoke and pierced by lightening, deafened by thunder and the voice of a hom "exceeding loud." Moses ascends and receives the Torah, sw11marized in t11e Ten Commandments, which we read this Shnbbnt. Consider that the lengthiest ofthe Ten February 22 (15 Adar 1): Tetzavelt: Exodus 27:20-30: JO (28:3 1-29: 18) TI1e structure itself is completed; now we learn ofthe ritualistic requirements for it.s use, including, first. the vestments ofthe priests, which are to be made "for splendor and for beauty," and next, directions for the service ofofferings of bread and animals. 'l11i11ki11g about the context ofthe time in which it was written, why was it important that the Sanctuary and the priests' raiment be works of beauty? What does Judaism today tench about the artistic embellishment of ritual objects? Is the Jewish concept of bea111y different from. say, that of the Greeks and Romans? • (Thanks to Shik1e Frankel) A Jew was walking 1 Ber/111 11 when he cccide11tnlly brushed against a Prussian offictr. "Swine!" roared the officer. "Actually, it's Cohen," replied 1'111 Jew. (d Ttcamrv Q.(Jewj.rh l!JJ~p} �• LOU POLLOCK MEMORIAL PARK DEDICATION AND IIlSTORY • 1 1951 ... . ~ ~- �• Founded 1916 5679 Dedication Exercises Honoring LOU H. POLLOCK By e~ The Officers, Stockholders And Friends <lo Of The Lou Pollock Memorial Park ellf!M MeHUJ/Ud MQ,H, !)&, .e~ ASHEVILLE CITIZFl.'11, ASHEVILLE, N. C. ..Al:: OCTOD ER 30, 19H .11-.. "\\·s.sn GROt:P l 'A\"li TICIOt'T 'l: TO 1'0 1.1.()(;K lly DOUGLAS UROOKS llllU: For the tlm lime In l ht• h httory or A..hevtUe. and pe_rh a 1,• the only 1lme In lbt nation, a cemet~ry ht"re ha• b«-n Damed a• " memorial to R Jl\'tna man. It le the Mount Sinai Jewt• h Cemettry In W Hl A•hfl\•llU.', ro unded by the W e:et A11hcivllle H ebrew Cemtlfll'")' AN!<>· CLl.tlon. The man It • ·Ill memorallz.e LI Lou P ollock, retired ahoe merchan t or Alhnllle and Palm Oto.c h , Fla. Thl1 beauUCul rour·acre cemN\'ry, onl)' a ato ne•• throw from the new W cHt A1d1ev111e h lt;h way, herenftC'r • •Ill be known *"' Lou renamingMemorialete r y hlU Pollock Park. A charter the cem 5712 ne"' ~<'n a pplled t or rrom lhe Secretary of Stllte. Laat week membt>r• or the- boC\rd or director• and 1t ockholder11 or the W c.•Jot A.lbn1Ho Uc-brew Cf"metery A.-octaUon honored Pollock at n dl.nner In Olkur Chollm Synagosue, ia.t wh ich time h e "'." tuloatie<t by t. n umber o r ·~•k en. lncludlns R a bbi Mnrtln Kegler and R a.b· bl Sidney E . U nger. A h nnt11t0me 11l11quP .... preqnted to P ollock I n rtt0annto11 ot hi.a etrvlcN to th~ o.11110c:lat1on. h had bun thf! unanlmoW!I decl81on on the- part o r ottklala or lht'" tl.MOChulon to draw up a n ~w chRrtf r tx-arlnJ: the name ot Lou Pollock. ll t had l{l\'cn ao muc-h oC h1• llmf' and muncy to"•ard the df"\'..lovment or the c emetery It waa felt thM nrlmlng h In h is h onor wnii only a •m~ll token o r their itPJlrcclt\llon h)' tClm11nrl.1.on with t he contrlbulion.w h~ / h:UJ m•d e. Dh·ldf"nd• ho,·e been declared tor Lou P ollock. the f ormer merchant told tho.a 11rt"llt'nt at the din ner. dlvldend11 t or t\'l•ry nHimlJer of the Pollock rumlly from !10-)' l'ftr·old ~11... •:t1tht r Pollock ot Pa.Im Ueac-h, •""In., hh1 mother, to two-month.told Honda Ser'\"t r ot Hltchla.nd Park, Ill., r. rrundchllJ. Throusch the e tforte o r Pollock. the ('f'm(lt ery f\MOcfatlon'B llU\0)' 1,roblemi thnmii;:h the ytlU'1f have been 1t01ved. l l e111btl'9 ot the board ha\'6 pointed out th1tt nmo~ ht• contrU>utlon• u preatdtnt or thci aMOclatlon "·ere excavating tho 11:rounds tor a nev.· entrance. construc tio n or nc"' drh·ewnya, ~re<:tlo n ot a llfe·t lmo •tttl t~nce, landeca plng the groun d ~ a nd nu.my othtr lmpr ovtn1e nte. Wrll known In bu.8tneu and socl•I drclt• allkt-. Pollock numbcH'• a host or friend" among both J ev.' lilh and Oe ntllo rnct'll. Durh\i<: tt1e m nny }'cnrs he Wlt.3 In bu..lnf!M ln A11h(l\'llle, he wo.a J)n.rtlcularlnr1)" known tor hit klndntM o.nd Ct n• t-rOll!t)'. upee lally to the tndlse nL H IM ·'Chrt1tmait 1 tlcs'' t or Allh evllle'• 1ar 04."f'tl)' will lonr htt remembered among trl4."nd• und 1'' tlf11re ftlil'fnclu ln A.sh e - \•Ulc-. Throush the klndnea o f P ollock hundrf'dl!I or Aahevllle youn 11tl'ra were Jl ro,1dtd with 11hoe1J uch Chrl1tmu. It \nu~ nn 11un n 1l eve nt .here a nd Pollock contln'H'<l the po.rtlt."11 untll a raw yean1 Ago. Tha question h!\41 bttn uked u to w hy the Je>A•IJ!h CC'mcte r)' wa.a rounded. To thl11 que11tto n one hft.11 o nly to t urn to th<!J orltclnal creed uoon whte:h tho burlA.l i;"rounda w ere rounded: "For those Je•.-l• h peopl&, tor which t heir fRmlllee were unable to p:ly o r · ould not be located tht:1 . •111:ould be a c Jewllh cemetery Whtre tho •aw• and culltom,. or our f o rctnLhcn wo ..14 bo carried <>ut." In the e.ar lr 19001 there were many peraon.11 ot the J ewl•h race 'A'ho came to AJ!he\•llle prfma..rlly tor the ir ht-Rlth. Some wer& rorlUn11te to regain tt but thero wore othe r11 who died or dl.tcua• .)lany o r them htid come here wllhout re.latl"'e•, without trlend1 and f!\'e.n In many NlH• ....hhout runct.. Through tlnanlcal a id proldtd ,by memhen1 ot the lt.IS&OclAUon, tree funeral .ser\'ICt8 nnd burial w e re pro\•lded. T omb· 1'\lonM we re e rected n.n d plou lnndeca.ped.. W'hlle eome or th080 burled In the cemeter)' were given t ree ffr\'kN.. t here Aro 11tlll ot.h era >A'hoae ta.rnUl@l! a r o com paro.Uvely Wt-41lh)' and a.hie to pdy mW• mum arr.n.ngcment1 t ac1. , I �Amons th<' orl,;lnal ottl<"l'nt., d lrf'clorw nnd atockholdf'ni o t t.he c~mtter") orx::otnl· uLlon, round<'d J anumry 17. Uli, only tour &trt• lh In•. Thl">' arc Pollock, th~n " ' 't' l t.'1.H") nnd a dlr<'ctor. I). ~. :o;cha1111· , r. d ln1·1or, und &·nJer ,1\rftlnli1r an~ I U . Pf'Arlnrn n, lll OC"kllohl <'n. 'rhl'1 tlr~t 1 1r«'Bhl<'nl oc the 1U1Sot·IA!io11 w n., 11 1.. l•'lnk1•lri1eln And th ~ .lr11Jl wuic ~n1111wl Fe-lnittcln. t'lnkh."· -"It In ht'ld th" orrlco until hlt1 Jeulh \\ h ('n 1.... :\1 f'tulhton wu na.mC'd 11n•1I· •knt. 1' 1H' Ja.U<'r wm1 •uccet>ded hy l'Ol · lock \\ho 111114 hi:nded the organ1z..'\tlon alnt(' thnt tlnw. Tht• l•n·Mldt•nl Of Lou P ollock. lh·mO· r ial l'ork. l 'ollock, h a"' h~ld 4.'Rch or hl<t m1·t·Un1a In tho <"rmNe-t")' ~<"3118(' h 1.~ frd" th11t It 111 lmporlnnt ror m<'mlJt'rll or 11i.· 1o ,nr1l rrnd 11t()(kholdenr to ..,.a not h1111J1·1l \1 h.H 111 bdng done to lm1tro\ 1• 1he 1>a 1k. Jr 1orn.·ctlon.t1 mu~t Lie mntlc t•r 11lu1u.. l1ullln1·d. P ollock fe('l1 thn.t tht •)' 11i.1)' t'••l\t• tl u·~tl 11robll.'rn!'t with ~r('nlPr ••!rid • nn l •r ..1,tn lnlng :in o n°th 1··111t•1· 11 ~ \ It w or \\ h.1t ,,. tn ... lng 1 1lnl'•'· ~h" •' hi" " llrnn<'nt fn1111 the 1'hht' l•tl ..111•"' ln 1•13\, llr. A nd ll r1'. l'ollo<"k )l.l\ ,. di\ ltlt·tl thdr llm(' bN\H'• n lht•lr h\ o 1101111 .. 11111· nt :u H.t'1I 0 3k 1:u.1d. J,,a k ••· ' '""' 1•.ir._, 11n1l lht· olh• r In l'.1lm Ht•:u-h. t rf•a~un-r J 'l.1 Th•·> h.n •· f•lUr t'hlldren . '.\Ina. )111drt•d l 't•llod;. :\l11·h lion• nnd '.\J rs H t. tl)· l'ol· J," k (;hltlt-n, ho1h Qf A ~ht\'llle, :'llt,., .\I· J1,•r1.1 1'111loc•k :0:1·n·rr or H li;hlond l'nrk. Jll , 11n1I .\lni. t-' lon·n~e l'vllt k·k :-<kl:l'I or . J ::tC"ki-11nv lllt'. l·'l a. Harkins Speaks As Arch Is Dedicated To Pollock ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~ ) l o n il t1)', l'c11t4•111bcr 17. I OS I ' rhf' l.h'tlll'AI On o C the Entmnce .Arc h t o thf' ''J14.1t1 l'ollock Memorlnl P :1rk." h ont1rlnK llr. I. II. l'olloct(, w tu1 h i'.'hl "~ Sund~', :-Ot'Jlt~·mbf'r 16, l 9~ 1 nt S : ~v I'. \J G <>J. take u s n o~ h«'n co In t h~ m ld"t rt our dnys. llc l1> m. 0 Ood or our fla h 'llt lon. to IJ<•nr ourfl h •cs blnml'l<!'tuil)' n nd rttlthfullr. 'lurlnl;' t ht' )' 4.'l\rll or our 1 1lh:rlm:H::l". n nd wh«'n our end dra\\11 n igh :t.nd \\('depart this \\ Orld, lk' T h<"u \\Ith U", an1I mny our ,..out.. l>t' bo unll llll In the bnntl or etf'rnnl llfe wlth tht- ft<tuh• or our l i>\ '<'d o n r>111 and or tht' rlghlt"Ocs "ho nr(' <''' ('r wllh Thee. Am('n , W lhf' Jn\Ocnlton: l l ll. F l !'\'h:l-:L.o.;.Tt.:J:-.:" then lnlroduc-l"d : Ood or tllf' .&Jllrlu or all rlegh. nnd o r JIO~. T . J , 11 ..t\HK J ~:.;. SIL, the •llC!\kt>r t h e •ouh1 or tht' llvlng nntl the d ea.d: \\'o o r the nflMno0n: Lodlt>• (llhl Oe nlle me n. h n\'(' o~ mh1 ed here t o d<!-dlcn.to lho \ Vo hnvc Jtathered h t ro t his nfh•r noon t,ou l'ulloek Mt:o1nrlnt l"'n rk Arc h . At tht• 1Jolemn h our we t hink o r our rrnlll y Lord· to PRY h onor to our Pre• ldi'.'n t, I .Ou l'o l· tock. \ \'e hn.vo como t o d t•dlcn to n new " "hn t lJ mnn t h nt T h o u rcgnrdc~l h im, or th~ 11on or mnn, thrtt i hou tn.kelll u.c · c ntr1tnce nrch, p roc un~t l :11u l JlAld ror by the frlonllit o f l...ou Pollock . \V(' nro fo r · , ·uni o r h im T \\'hnt nrc wc-whnt lJt' our tunntc to h nve with LU• th is uftern()on 11 r1>·~· hnl If!. our plCl)"Wh11t our etra n gth ! I n d up h umility w a ncknowledga our n dlt1tlnguh hcd c itizen of o ur ~ommu nlt)'. t and nn o'd rri"nd or Lou Pollock. Jle w t'n.kneM. \ 'erlly w e know th:at Thou lit t he onci t hnl h1 J;Olnji; to talk to )"OU. v.'llt r edee m our &0ul11 rrom the gnu•e. 1L 11. there rore. my pl~rumre at tht11 t lmo The belie r lhl\t our aoul I• lmmor tJ.\I, 1resent to ) 'OU t h <' Ho n . T . J. llukln s. t hat our aplrlt, the divine • pa_rk, retu rns to 1 t o Ood who h. rorllrlett us on our Sr. MR. llAR Kt!'\S r oae f\nd Mf)Oko •• car-thl)' pllgTlmagti. \\"e b eHeve thGt thla ro11owa: ruthu: 1)1ace Is ..A lloueo o r Lire" and Mr. J- lnke11ueln. R:ibhl H ellpcm, Rabbi ' that th~ who lie h c rn o..re ll\•lns In Ung~r. a nd Mr. Po llock, Lftdlce n..nd Ofln· t h f' h l,rhu AenH o r lire. t lemf'n, F riend& n nd Nelgh boni: \Ve ha ve W t' l n,•uke T hy blCPlng upon tho nue.m bled her" tOdA)' a t thle beaullr ul one \ .. hou nnma l'J ~.uoclo.ted with thll place. w ho d evot~a h la e n e rglea 11lot o n theao p<'accrut :.crH to rededl· to the bcnutJttcntlo n o r thla field of cate and 10 N?nAm o n p lnct'! nnd l o ho nor o man. Lou P o llock . rnlthful, loyal J e w, pence. We rutk Thy ble&fllng u1>on the con1leman, m o del c itizen , A lncor o human. m e m har • who a tto n d t o t h o lu t r ltoa. M. 31U . t.1-:0 • "'IXKl- l..sTF:i X. l fll.-l'lt <'r or ~ r cr«-monl('fl. lntro<tuced Jl.ABOI ('111 Hf.J.-;!'\ I.- Jlt \ -;tL.Pt:::tt;'I;. who ddlnr· ••''ti ltnrlnn. t rul)· rcllgtom1. The8'0 w o rd~ des· crlb1· tn)' cet hnnla o r tha clmrRct c r a nd t he c hRrnc terl.11tlc1 or t h o man we honor o n thbt occru1lon . Eme~n. the 1;rl'nl t h lnkt r, .ch ola r. n nd r•hilo~whcr Mid, and truthruHy, In o n <' of hi• ieSAO.)'lt, that •·f;\•ery ln•lltuUon lil but the l e ngUi and thodow ot on In· dh·lduol." X o w, w e k n ow tha t L . H. Polk-c k~ arrectlonately known u Lo\I, hn.d h 1t1 n.uoclatea a nd h elpe n In lht ereutlo n o r t hl• l'.'nterprbe. but A read • In,; or t h e rerord mn.kee It quite clear thtU ho hM b <'Cn A len de r 1n the move· m C"n t to bring l o rrultlo n thl1 bQn eftcta. enlnprl~. n nd thn t In COr\•CQucn co o hi~ le R(lc nthlp n nll s;an eroJtlt)' n nd will l nx ncM lo give hht time, t h l11 1il nco h h<.'Cr. bro u3 ht t.o this h igh • lAlO Of Crull ion . I ! hM been my good fortune p onon all)' t o know Lou P o llock t or nla h o n t to ur deeadc• . My ~laUon• wll h h l hA''" been social, fn t.tornal. a.nd pr f~plonr&I, and t be lieve tha t I ca. ap n with a knowled.&e o r tho man, o f b c ha..r acter, and t h e t'lem onta In hi• na.tu tha'. aet him a put f rom tho ordln&J'Y, \ '. e somctlmt'e M Jleculato upon t f;reo.t m y•tcry o r why .om o a.re gye o r 11oul. a nd othc r111, " ppuc n tly equal u ln tolllg cnt, a.ra 1nna ll; Juat o.a we wo d tn· w hy tha atant w h ich w o ne tn aky n.ro som e or on e magnitud e o.n d IO oC anothe r. Tho tclentlata c an oxp1Aln ut thl.' 1110.rw b u t only the h umnn heart ean lnt~rpret th(' moraJ qua lities "'hlch dlrtlnculAh men o ne fro m anotht:r. I MlltH. and accep t U u n l)hllOtlOJlhlcal and moml truth. tha t e,•er)' • lni;lc hu· man Wins h iut the . .m a com1lle:... frl'•". and c-qU31 RCCCM l o 1ho ,,;rta\ - .. 51 n·otr of Ood'11 b t'neflcf'nce ll9 t'l\'try 01 t~er In· dl\'1duttl. and ttuu mR)' he t h e a.1111wC"r 10 our rtr>tculculon. F'or "'~ dbHl'n 'c thnt .omo drnw nbundnntl)' n nd rr<'CI)' rrom thht gr1'at lnt"Xhl\u,.llbl" 11ourco of mor:tl .etrrrut1h, whllo oth e r" 1>!'Ull4 It IW In lg· JlO rARC<' of It• Nl'CAt l)OW(!r, ThWt. one aun.lnl8 nn unuG l df'M:r ee or nlor itl 1,er· utt fectlon, whtlo nnothcr re mRlna d oe11UtuU• of any ex1terlcnt'o In the h l ghf'r and nobltir lm11ul..e1 or tho h eart and M>UI. Jt hu bttn thttie elf'mf'Rll!I tn L.ou P oltOt'k'it nalura thnt h A\'C moth·ntt d h is cbantl<'A. public ond t>rh·att', and hi• In· l ttt11t In f' \'CtJ' mo\•enumt w hich hnd ror ltA obJfft the hn1•ro' t>mcnt nnd bf"U~r· mtnt or hi" community n.nd ror the re· llrf or • ufft rlng onll <lf'• tllut<! hunmn ~tng&. 1 think I mo.y truly M)' thnt t..ou 1•ollc.ck h t\11 JUW<'r 11to111 n•t1 to O!lk th<' queatlon whflth r r t hltJ or thu t humn.n b~· Ins in 111»lrc101 wn~ n J ew, n. Prf'>l••shrnt. 0 cu1ho1lc. ct whlt to l)i:'rJtOn or n toloN'tl one. Ill• 1u~n1t tuitl h r.and ha\'(' ttlwa)'ll \Horn Oll\•n. ,\IHI to tll)' \\ii)' nf thlnkln~. thrro 1 In t h4.' eh~ h l ot \)Ur •·reator n o 11 i:nat c r d t tctec or ht~hf'r o r morl'.' t"XUlh.'J nnk or ill•lrttut\I no1JIHt)' t h.ID 1n thlL'I attltud <' to wttrd Ood'H humnn c r t-;tturc,.. Thf' ~h·lng ot h h• 1.thOnf ttnd hi"' m<':an.11 10 brim: t o r n1ltlon thl11 plnN~ hwi b t'('n, J knt•W, tn•11l r itd h )' hi• rt) mpath)' wHh huiranltr tor th'-" unrortun.at<', th~ homt'· lf'SS m t'm bt"nt or hll• rntt, nnd t o 1 1ro\•hlo ror them n 11lAc., In 1hr t rn,111lontt ot h is fath<r11 or d i)cnlt>'· <111l«'hHlt.', nnd 11e:ac~. "'·here their mortul bodlC'11 t'an re-in wht>n their "°"13 urc rctu rntd t o him \\' ho su,·o thtni lite. tihoke1wcnre, In 1mc o f h l!'I trng('d lCIJ, h R ono or h li\I c hnr4Cl <'U 11rono unce that: d .,.he e \' ll whle h m t n 1lu 11"'-'tt aflc r lhom ; 1ht gootl ht oft lnt err('d with their bo ne11." T hal MOUnd• \'('I")' KOOd ns A 1~oetlc f/h tut, but In the ('H.-C of Lou P ollock. 1.nd I am glad to .ny thl• In the prc.Rnce ot 1:1• dNtr m o1hcr. In the caae or Lou Poliock a nd othct111 Hke hi m, I think mol"C! appro1irlRl l'.' the phllOIJOflh)." or thnt CfHl achola.r. teaeh e r. n nd hum• ntta.rla.n. Albert J'lkf', whn 11ould: •·Whal w e do for ouraeh·u dlt'fl wH h u•. but " ' h:t..l v.· e d o f o r otherw nnd ror huma nity lh'u and ta lmmorl B.I." It Lll enth't'I)' titting t hat tht1 Jllacc 1houl<1 h <' red t dlcttted and gl\•en tho nc~ name or " l ..ou P ollock lilemorhll r nrk. In.scribed u pon t h a 1rtntolr Arch whic h •landa o.t tho p orlt\I o r t ht11 ptn.ce. e rected t h ere by hla frl(lnd11 In h lR h o nor. U y nn'1.mlng thl• l)lrico we honor our noble natur ed f riend . LOu roHoek. ond thus ..... h onor OU1"9Cl\'e.s. Thi• pl.ace 111 indee d but lhe leftl'th and Ahlld ow of our rrtend and Mlcem e cl c ltlun, Lou P ollock. 0-nd It will fl.and h e r o u nde r thl1 arch t o r u ntold gen era tions yel to come M a mon· ument t o b l• h umanity, to h t.II gcneroeit>·· and to hi.a t o,·e ror h i.I people. And now, Mr. Pollock· l...ou · In con· elution, le t m o p re.8Cnl to you thll bOund \"'Olu me " ' hlc h contain• peraona.1 letters a nd meMa«e• rrom many nm on1: > ·our ~01t or r r lem1•. In w h k:h thO)• u preas the lr a p p reciation ot you r labon la thl1 behn.IC, a n d ror the a:ood life you h O.\'O li ve~ a monl' u1. ' :\IH 1'01 1.. (•(.'K H'C'•·11t<'J t lw l•ullflO' \ Olun11..• r rom ~ll t. ll.\1:1,IN'~. :tinll nr· knv" lt'dJ:i'll the J.;ltl In tht' rollowuu.; • ord!l I wl.. h 1 hnd tlH· w.irllic to <'X11r,"''"-"' t o ) ' OU y, Jut I h:1n• In Ill)' h<-nrl l \\ l'."h 11tnnk )UU, frh ndll, und I knO" ' ,1n)l.loJ~ who ca:ne hnc- thlK afttrnoon ntUJlll h<' a rrlt'0 1 Thl.i 111 tht• IM.'\.·<>nd time I hn\ " I. bttn hono red. Two )'t.•nnJ ago 1 wu11 h on· or~·d I n n1unlni.: thh1 ,;{'111Ptcr) " llh m y · nam('. A11t1 1111w. )'OU h tl\' O i.:nth<-ro'1l tlll1' nftt>rno1111 to 1h•dko1.h.' the n r c h wh ich m y r rlend 11 hn, ·o ho'h1NI put uv. I wnnl t o thnnk )'OU, who tt.1'1.' h ('rc . nnd l at~o \\ Ant to thn nk lhoite fr ie nds th11t nro not h nf' \\1th U!I, hul whoge m edngca and 11111rtl l1t with "" no w. T he nnffi"-" t hat you fftt In front of tl'. ~~~,~~h\~e Jl~~~~nd,~: ~~:~!!d~;cet~,';;d " problf'm, a n cce:.u1lt)'. T hlrl)'•fh•(' )'<':\rll D.ftO l Wll.8 a. young r"t• lo\\' • t mu!!il ha"e been In lhc tWC>nth!• • and from thtu dnte )'OU can tell how o ld l am. I MkC'd nltlO)' Umu Wh )' J took lfUCh n.n tnUrNJt In the ccm et c n • ft1' ,,.,'ft. ao!gu~:rn:e~~~·· ":t J!sth~d P~~';~,"~~ ~elp t o tht:'m, In 'I&, ' 17. nnd ·u, nnd AO ll w ('nt on. \\'t 1Hld t>le nty or 1ttranger8 hirre· "f\ 101/k core of t hOllc who died h t'rl!: H owever. this hitcrt>~t r eceh't'UJ A \'Cr)' trngle turn In 192.l w hen I burlod In)' .,0 n, And It • eenu1 t hnt n pnrl of rno w e nt nlong \\1t h him. It wM then th nt 1 mndo n \'O" ' 10 m)•sclr to look n fler thta place to the \'MY beirt o r m>' n blllty, 90 thRt It becomo n. rltttng mc morlo.I t o ur 10 ,.ed onu who lie :t.l ttlt here. a ~laco oC which t he J e wl1h communll)' c~~o~~ !~~:~·e t ound th a t t h e ct1m ctery d lfte rcnt t u rn. S tro.nse ra hta\'C u opped coming and d> ·lng h er e, but my f riend• and )'OUr friends. your lo\•ed one" Rre burled h e re. Jn U U my flr• t ntlg h bor n o xl to m y plot wu B e n A ri;lntnr, who m we know 110 well. and u It wont on a ve ry flno Ashevlllo boy, hu token " 1), 1\·ld l.c"\-ltch 111< d and W M burl€'d hero, u 111J th• " In 19Z9' llr1rr) Flnk<:lstt'ln pA.M• '""'''l' Vrh•nds "·h o ha,·c die d ha\•• 1 tJ l:'lk• n n i.:r..rat 11~rt or m,.. u.long with 1hnn. nnd I hn\'C proml!M'd m)·~elC t o tuke c-nrl• or the-se rrkndl'f, And 1to It we nt on 1111 1 \\"M hit ngaln . Jn U <IO m) flrnl J;T.~mlc;hlld w as burled tu·r<', "hkh most or you remember. I ~u1 1..• )OU It Is much caidcr tor a srn nd· ehlld t o bury t. l{ra ndfath<'r than ro r a. ;:ru ndrt1.thc r t o burl' a. grandchild. I Mn'• uiko1 niorc And m ore n·1111 1om1lblllty; 1 llll\'C tnken ll uvo n myself to tnko CA.r e of 1hcm hecnuS-O they u ro a.II neigh bor. n nd trlcnd~ which w e h t\\'() In thu c:eme· t<.>r>' h er e , we ha.'·~ named the cemet e ry " lltt1 Jlnchn)·lm" - In Jlcbr'-'"'' ll ho.• a good 1m:rny nnrnl'• • Qne Is ..Bels Hnkvoroa" " A House of arn\'t-s." The re tJ!:, h o••e\.·er, n n otht r n.o.mo m ore comm on ly uaed. Aa )OU hll\'C not l~d. or wtu node~ It la o n. the bottom i>r the o.rc h ··n tJi: Haehaytm: • e ·1 'ho ll~u..o or Life .'' Doe• thll n nmo for a Cf'm e ten•, a re.it • Ing 1 1la:aco for tho dcnd. Jrt.rlk o you u peculln.r! No, h Is n ot. In ract, It I• ln uccordn..ncc with 1ho rundn.m enl n.I J owlab bellc t In t ho Immortality ot t h o aoul , hi llfu twcrlu.stlng . M)' friends. h ero Ho In. rc11o~c good m en lU\d wom e n, m OJlt ot w h om you know. who In t h o hl&n.,r .cnsc nta not. d t'nd, bu t U"e: H e nce, th• nnmo " Dela lln c ha.ylru.. Is moat a pprop• rlnte . Had t belie ved that t hls re.1tlns Plae• \\'U but a. "Bel• H Ak \'oroe." ''A H o UI• or Grav~•." J d ou bt lt 1 would have ta.1'• e n much tnt~rell In lt, And bffAUM I b elie ved that It was much more than thls. tha t tt ..,,.. ... a. "Bel• U a.ch &)'lm," "Tho H ouac ot Life," that I bta•n to tako a n a ctlve lntereat In tht. cemetery. 1 w ant t o t h ank m y B o a r d , all tha.a. thu.t w e have tort: you d on' t know how m uch h elp th& have been to m e. l n a U )' then yean they ha\.'G never tnt crre re4 or oppoaed mo In wha t ever 1 wa.ntod to •' �I d o, be-c.auao th e)• knew It waa tor the good o r t h e <'cinet er:r. I ha\·~ •truggled a long time with t h e cl':melN")' wit h the h elp of Mr . ?-:ormn.n A)"N"•.. nnd with the h c l1> o r Mr. On.\< lfl, who hoJ11 tak('n CtLro of thl• ptucc. 1 wunt t o thunk them all. 1 want to thttnk yQu for coming h ere. 1 hope 1'' 6 w11l (:Ontlnuc belntr f rlf'nd• f or a long t ime, rwtl wh ~n my llmP ( Om<'s to KO )'OU \\111 find Onl' In \ our nrpnlzatlon who will 1." 0nllnuP Wl)rk on thl1t cc-mch·ry. \\'ol'k on o el.'m~tl':ry b ne\'"r flnb1hcd . lt Ill not lll<e building o h orn<'. n.n o tflc(', or nn)' othrr lJuHdhnt. Jt la when our l o\•Nl 0111'8 nre bur k<1 h uf' - thl\t I~ thl'.' time m y w ork b egln.t. I n floslng t '' nnt tn tin)' n ff'w wordi. Of RPl\r(>{'lntlon, Fl!"!'l, lO mr t;'OOd fri e n d ~hnndl<'r ''' hO h tut IH•<'n n gn·nt h<'lll. e"Pt-<"lttlly whf'n I WRl<n' I In t h{' C'it.}': h tl h M• IRkt"n <'<lrf' nt (>\'N•lhlnJ; 10 t h i" hem (If 1"11lll11rnctl"n. J\ 1 110. I wnnt fl') f)Xprf'M my l\ llJH"t>C:lntlnn \ If) Rf"ntlt•r 1\rgln· tar tor hlg '11lll'll0rt. )ty );(l(\d rrtcnt1 1 ....0. who 11ln('~ hf' hrt~ comP b1wk trom t ho w n.r, h llJ!: l:inn hlK h (·Jr1 nnd ,.upport. whll.'f1 I~ -to murh nr111r N·l:1tt>d 1w m<'. r nm i:rla d to 111c-e niy old rrlt·rnl Hn rn<'Y P Ntrl llll\n h rrP with UM tndny. ~l nny t hnnk !I to llnhhl 1"111!'•-.r 1nul n ntJbl lfe llpt:rn for t h r lr partkl1intlon. ....- N e-w York. nnd '°fox nnd ':'·. litie C r eon· b er'h trom Polm Bea.ch . l a lJlO w nnt to t' XP ret~• m)' nppreC'l nt· Ion to WlltlRm . known n,s 13111 Mlc hn.lo \'e . "f'•ho h ti• w o rked so h nrll to nu1kc thl11 OC<:n.f lon 1>011:11l b l e. It Wlllt m y tr1end. Den Simon, who t<to.rted thf' ld<'n ot e recting nn n r c h b)· my CrlenC hi. l wAnl to e xvrell-8 m)' noprecla.llo n n nd thanka to Mr. nnd l\l n , Tho m u J . H n r· klnt11 for being with lu• on thla occruilo n, and espt'ctnlh• th e kind w ord• that he ~xprf'llJW!'d In h h1 m eg~ge. T tha n k you. :\IR. Fl!'<:KEl...STEtN thftn Introduced llAUDI SJDN'EY E . UNGER. who de · llvered. the clo• lng pm)·eT: Almlght)' God, Father of all mankind. w o bring thili dedlca11on fU'ln •lce to lte close wo tha.nk Theo tor the thou1ht. e::C:pres11ed. \Vo thn nk The e tor the In· •plmtlon ot thlK hour. D e Thou with ua. 0 Heavenly Futher. n:11 we lea\•e thle t lnnl resting J)lace of 1111 m ortal be ln.gic. Orant that -...·o so live a.ei to give of ourae1vea for the a:h>rlttcallon ot 'rhy nam e and tho aanclltlcatlon of nll life. TeAe h ua lo know, 0 Hen.\•enly t~a.ther. thn.t we Jh·c In dee ds , n o t yeftrs, thl\t ene h onr In his way can give of hlm.&clf nnd ma_ e k of All lite a place ot lh1n.g aubstanee . A nd u we give of our&e-lvee we pro\'e our&eJ\'e• a b1eu lng to 'l"hee and to all mnnklnd. Am ~n . u ~\ L_ or Ult poratd) Lou Pollock Mt11tnril1 ·st Par k ln West A!hevllle ue sho•m on a vLatt. to the ccmtU!ry, From L t.o R : LOu PollOck. In 'A'he»e honor the cemetery b named: D. S. Sc.handler, B. Ptarlme.n and sender Arglnter. Tbe other roundtra were: S. Ftnesteln, Issac Mlchalovt, s. w. SU vt.rman. H. I. Pinkelsttln and l nm l'roud t o 8<"f' my motht•r h t'r<" wlth us o n t hl11 occu.slon. Als o m y h r oth· er Be-n , :inl1 H t'.'I"'~· lll)' fll"tf'rjol; Hclln n n 11 t dn, my 1llH1Q"hter;e. Alb('rto. a nti n or from C h l('llG'U. Flor<"n ce rrorn Jnckt1o n\'lllr, B ~tt s nnfl f:tnn frnm G r N• n,1111('. tn) ' n ('ph t"w ~111 to n nnd E l nlnf' from Detrfl !~. rny brother -l n·l nw Emil S<'lr<•"'~ from Jtut THE FOUR SUR\'IV l.NG FOUNDER S llorti sel t Janua.r y, .ll• u .. . .1rpora tio.n, Rabbi Elias Pox. Tbe cemt'tery Wis founded In llU8 • ::~r.,:1~ Excerpts From Letters And Telegrams "A ttplendltl t hin g In ao d cdknUnt: thle park ." Jl on. T om C. Clark, J uatl('t" U. S. Hupr cme t'ourt. "l feel d ('t>J>l )· honored In l>el ns: nblo lJlhon Wo lft', Palm 1 >n.rttcl p11 L t"," llcnC'h , Fin. to "Thf,, 111 a n n 1i1 1ro1 lntt JJtgn or esteem 1r for Lou P o llock .'' J nk l' R oeen. Al'lh <>,·llle. N. C. " Oe\'h1lni; t hl~ m ethod of h onoring him Is lnde<'d C'ommcndnblc." J nck llcPal1, U . S. A:ss"t. Stt> S tat e. -. "Mr. Pollock h M g h'Ul unselfish !)' o f hl8 Ume ond energy." L eo 1''1nkl ~te ln. A S h {'\ 'lllC, N. C. "Your cttorta o f t10 m ony Y<'llf'll re· wa rd t"d In so ntUng n nrn.nner.'' Rn.bbl H. E. Singer, Weal P a lm Bea c h , Pin. " H ll!I work In connectio n with the c emetery 1Jpenk11 tor Itself." Wm. Ro• en· teld, Oreenvllle, s . C. "\\Te appreclnte your g ood w o rlu n.nd pray others ma)• be r a'8ed up to do llkc· R ev. Hmry Lotqul11t, ltl"5ton ot wl.&e." the Good Samaritan. " I "'ell know or the rnany h o ura ot work nnd d e \'ollon that h e ha.a oonrl· buted." N. D . A)'t'!nf. MhC\'llle, N. c. "A good friend t o m e. n3 wt'll tl.111 t o hundreds or people.'' JnnH•11 V. B enne tt U. S. Director of Prlsont. "A gro.nd pe l"80n, poue81Sed o r a n un· uaunlly fine pe ni:onn.llty." Sf:PO.tor R . R. R~ynold:s. '"TC?o ofte n w e h o nor ou r t rlf'nd• •nd they nro not h ere to hra.r n..boul them.'' J . " · Coooer, AMhe,•llle, N. C. " In r ecoJ.;· lllon or hie fine community n ln u.ir ui...'' John \'I. S picer, Aa hevllle. N. c. ~ «M8\.;4.( "It I• the pride o f the J ewl11h commu· nltr anJI J ,Au d e.Mrvc. all t.he hono ra we (•n n J:'i,·e him ." s . Hoblna. A11hc \' llle. N. c. ' 'Ttu1n kd for gl\'IO& me: the opportunl· 1y t o h n , ·c n pRn. o C this .'' C"-rl Bam.. t u rd, Atthtw lllf'. N . c. ..1t o1>e thtlt L . II. will ll\'O fl good k~p up bl.a sood work." n a ,·ld L. 8 1ann, AtlMta., Go... rnA.uy m or e ) 'Nl t"I and ":O:o one know11: muc h about hb num• eroul!i nctl\'ltl(.'!!t.'' D . s. Scb n ndler, A.ah • · ' 'Ille, N. C. "Tho time, t h e energy nnd vltlon i. shown todlly In rill the lmprovemcnt.1.' 1 B. A. P<>llo ~k. Atlunta, On.. "A pr<0Ject honoring u l e who hu don• 8c1 nu1.ny." Hn.rry Dlomberr. .wo mu"h ror At .hevl11c. N. C. "My but l\'l11heie to U ncle Lou." H<1D. Wilaon Worllck, U. S. Dl• trlct Co urt Judge. "J...ou ha. done a. mngniftc le nt Job ln hi.a a ccunwllahment ot de\·elopln.&: tb.11 beAutlful ce-metery." folk, \ ' a .. B•n Simon, Nor · Dffeaeed: l.IOAC- Jdf.:hnlo\•o.!, Rabbi Ello.. Jo"o)C., _ •••1 F lne&h S. W ' :lverman, A.. M. A.belkop. • r r) ' L. Finkel ·· II I �/ Excerpts From Letters And Telegrams "It could not honor 11 better or finer 1>or11on thlln ho Is. Oc.o or tho rtne11l l\nd sw~elt1t oh1u·ficlor11 !Jl b tlve ~var known." Lo.mnr Caudle. A.eal•tant Attorney Gcnernl. Wuhlngton. D. C. " In nil my travel• t hM•o aocn mnny but never ono lhnt la IUllf nicer." llnrol d Oolelbloom, Aahc\·llle. N. c~metorlu. c. "Lou ahould bD\'O nn arch of &old In l'lnce of Iron." u o Cnd1118on, Wuhlng- ton. D. C. " I know or no man who bu given o f bis lime And cncrity to nccompUah nn ltlNil thAt he knew hi• co-rel1Kfonat11 needed and the City or AshevUle wu In want ot." Lou Moyereon, Oharleaton, S. c. Conrratulatlona from us to you upon tho completion of the enlnr.nce. W o know tbnt you a r e plOMed t o aee lbo culmlnctlon ot your d~alre t o r thla c e met e ry." BrotMr Sam, Abe end Fnmlly. "Th e fnc t thnt you cnn aco your monument unlike lho mnny who want them built llttc r th~)' nro sono." l"nul P ollock, St. Loulft, l\fluourt. "It LA hftrd tor mo lo oxnrtt11 my mind 1tnd emotions. It II a very 11•ondortul trlb ( lC lo hftvo thnt done In a lifetime. mftny children In this world would hnvo the OPPO rtunlty to •~ hLIJ fathe r mcmorall&cd whllo he Is ~tlll "'1th u11 to cnJoy It." Be tty Ooldon, Orcenvlllo, S. C. ~ot "My re•J><'Ct and ndmlnr.Uon iroee out to him a.a " gnat benefactor to all or UJI who Are lnte re•ted In tho Ct>mat ory." ltlke Meycnion. Spartanburg". 8. C. "I hope that tnla ceremony wilt po.7 t h" deserved tribute to Mr. Polloc'lc." Joseph Dave, ClnclnnaU, Ohio. Hone11lly, Lou, It glvH me the 111ueamlng·Jlmmtea t o llllk About the Lou Po llock Memo rial Pnrk." 11.urlJ!On, PAim Bench. Fl orida. L l �END OF BOOK l � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Leo Finkelstein Papers Description An account of the resource This collection contains materials relating to Leo Finkelstein, resident of Asheville, North Carolina, the Asheville Lions Club, and the Beth Ha-Tephila Cemetery in Asheville. It contains computer discs, notes, scrapbooks, book drafts, correspondence, photographs, programs, fliers, and other materials related Leo Finkelstein, his wife Sylvia, and the Lions Club, Elks Club, and Jewish Community in Asheville, North Carolina. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Finkelstein, Leo, 1905-1998 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Cemetery," Lou Pollock Memorial Park, 1951 - 1953, Beth Israel Cemetery Committee Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1951-1953 Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 107_02_09_Cemetery_M Description An account of the resource This item contains the dedication of the West Asheville Jewish cemetery and memorial park to Lou Pollock, a man who was instrumental in its foundation. A 1949 Asheville Citizen-Times article, "Cemetery Here is Memorial to Living Man" is also included. Subject The topic of the resource Pollock, Louis Hyman, 1887-1956 Jewish cemeteries--North Carolina--Asheville Jews--North Carolina--Asheville--Charities Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a title=" In Copyright - Rights-holder(s) Unlocatable or Unidentifiable" href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-RUU/1.0//" target="_blank"> In Copyright - Rights-holder(s) Unlocatable or Unidentifiable </a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="AC.107 Leo Finkelstein Papers" href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/192" target="_blank"> AC.107 Leo Finkelstein Papers </a> Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. <a title=" Leo Finkelstein Papers" href="https://omeka.library.appstate.edu/collections/show/27" target="_blank"> Leo Finkelstein Papers </a> Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Asheville (N.C.) Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. https://www.geonames.org/4453066/asheville.html Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1950s 1953 cemetery certificate of shares Lou Pollock Memorial Park stock https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/2b8ff52594ba8c11ce4897d5c7a77998.mp3 5aaab0341314c24cf62e539863e2f7e7 https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/e2ff16b84bb951d71cfff050775c251f.mp3 87850752fb6c30aa10ba270932d65b0b https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/00eb4ea4c7c28041afbd5f8199de5234.pdf 97b38f175018b9645b0db1f59d45484f PDF Text Text Oral History Transcript Appalachian State University • Collection 111, Tape 235 Interviewee: J.O. Shell Interviewer: Barbara Greenberg 23 July 1974 BG: Barbara Greenberg JO: James O. Shell BG: This is a recording of Mr. J.O. Shell, done by Barbara Greenberg on July 23, 1974 at his son’s home in what area is this? JO: It’s Elk River. BG: Well, tell me Mr. Shell were you born and raised in this area? JO: No, I was born on Upper Shell Creek in Tennessee. And my father died when I was two months old and my mother, she moved back to the Heaton area. And I was principally raised in the Heaton area. BG: What year were you born? JO: I was born in 1892. BG: How many brothers and sisters did you have? JO: I had one whole sister, one half-sister, and four half-brothers. BG: Was Shell Creek, was that area named after your family? JO: Well, it’s been known as Shell Creek ever since I’ve known anything. My grandfather lived there and went to school. I went down there and went to school on up to Shell Creek for a while; stayed with my grandfather. BG: Do you remember very much about your grandfather? JO: Well, not too much. BG: What did he do for a living? JO: Well, he owned a farm up on Shell Creek. Worked on a farm. 1 �BG: Was your father a farmer also? JO: No, he was a carpenter. BG: Oh, was he? JO: Yes, he was a carpenter. I had part of his old tools until the ‘41 flood and I loved them. I had his toolbox and tools sitting out on the porch and it washed a part of the kitchen away and all his old tools away. BG: Boy! I hear the flood back then, was it in 1940 or was it ’41? JO: I believe it was ’41, but I’m not sure. BG: I’ve talked to several people who lived out in the Foscoe area and they told me that the flood really hit hard out there. JO: Oh, it was hard here. I can remember a hard one in 1901. But I can’t remember much about it because I was too young. BG: Did the flood of ’40 or ’41, did that affect many of the farmers around here? Did they have a real hard year that year? JO: Yes, it washed a lot of their stuff away. BG: Did anybody have any crops to sell or did they just barely have enough to feed their family? JO: I don’t know of anybody that had anything to sell. Don’t remember anyone. But I do know, remember it was stronger across the way. I had a good garden up there and it came and washed the land away and just left a rock bar. BG: How did your family decide how much of each crop they should plant each year? JO: Well, I don’t know really, they just decided about what they could really take care of. Back then people used horses you know, and plowed the ground with a horse. Some tried to plow with one horse, some of them with two. And they mostly tended their crop with a hoe. Back when I was a small boy. BG: I bet you worked in the fields a lot, since your family was smaller than a lot of the other families at that time. JO: I didn’t understand just what… BG: No, I’m just saying that you probably had to do a lot of work, a lot of chores yourself since 2 �your family was so much smaller, is that right? JO: Yes, yes. BG: What were some of the other chores that you had to do? JO: That was about the biggest thing that we did, was farm, but when I got to be old enough to drive a team, my stepfather, he had a yoke of oxen, and he would put me out hauling for those oxen. I’d make about $3 a day. I would give him six days and make $18 a week with that team. I thought we were doing well. BG: Can you describe a typical day for me when you had to go out and work the oxen? What time would you get up in the morning? JO: Oh, usually got up about four o’clock and got the horses fed, after that I drove the horses and I would get feeding, get up and go to feed about four o’clock in the morning. Eating breakfast started out in the dark and it would be dark when you got back that night. BG: When you came home that night, would dinner be all ready for you? JO: Oh, yes. And I can remember working at the Cranberry dome (iron ore that was mined in nearby Cranberry). And I worked ten-hour days. BG: How far was that to walk? JO: It was about, something over four miles each way. BG: Can you remember if there were ever any years when your family didn’t have enough food? JO: No, we always had food, except only during the 1901 flood I believe. Anyway, food got scarce then and we didn’t have much, couldn’t get anything one time. BG: Did your family plant their crops according to the moon? JO: Well, to some extent they did. BG: Can you remember any of the certain signs that were good for planting certain crops? JO: Well, I don’t remember just exactly but a lot of times, certain things they wanted to plant when the moon was new. And other things when it was an old moon. 3 �BG: When the Depression hit, what were you doing at this time? JO: In ‘30? BG: 1929, ’30 yes. JO: I was postmaster at that time. BG: When did you first become postmaster? JO: I was appointed in 1914, I believe in November. I forget what day in November. My commission is in there on the wall (in another room); you can go in there and look at it if you want to. BG: Great. In a little while maybe I can even take a picture of that. Well, tell me a little bit about you, when you were postmaster. What did you do? JO: Well, I worked about every day in the post office. But sometimes, I’d leave my wife and my daughter, when my daughter got old enough with the post office. And I got out and worked on a farm. And I can remember as I was always lazy about milking my cows and people teased me and said my cows would wait for me to milk them until after dark. BG: How many years were you postmaster? JO: Nearly 39. BG: 39 years, boy. And in which area? In Heaton? JO: Heaton, yes. The old building is there yet. Do you know where J.C. Ellis’s store is? BG: On the left as you’re going back towards Boone? JO: Boone, yes ma’am. The old post office is right in front of his on the right hand side of the road. It’s there yet. That old building is. BG: Let me see, what was the political scene like at that time? How did people tend to vote? JO: Well, just like they do now, but you know we didn’t have any radios, television like now. You watch news right off and sometimes it would be three or four days before we would get the news. I can remember when Woodrow Wilson was first elected. There was a friend of mine, he was about my age and we were kind of good friends you know, and together quite a bit. And I knew he was a strong Republican you know. Just after we heard the news that Woodrow Wilson had been elected to his first term. I saw him coming down the road. I stuck my head out, just waiting until he got past the door and stuck my head out around, out the door and hollered 4 �“Hurrah for Woodrow Wilson.” He turned back and looked over his should and said, “Hurrah for a dad burn fool!” (both laugh). That really tickled me you know. I just fell back and laughed. And then later on, after he became a man Mike changed from a strong Republican to a strong Democrat. But he and I were always friends. BG: Were the majority of the people Democrats at that time? JO: No. Most of the folks in Avery County were Republicans and are yet. BG: Was the Heaton area, was that Avery County at that time? JO: Yes. At that time it was. But at one time it was Mitchell County, that was when I was just a small child. Avery County was established in 1910 or 1911. I forget which. BG: Did many people in this area have slaves at that time? JO: Have what? BG: Slaves. JO: Sleighs? The children had quite a few. I can remember a mail carrier that carried the mail from Boone to Elk Park. It gets slick and bad sometimes and he’d carry it with horses on a sled. Jeff Billings was the mail carrier at that time. And he usually just had a small team of horses. He would hook them to that sled and carry the mail on a sled. And then another time there was a route from Heaton to Beech Creek. My brother-in-law, he carried the mail from Heaton to Beech Creek. He’d tell me about snow drifts being so deep that a lot of times he’d be walking there, he’d come to a snow drift that he would get a hold of the horse and pull him through that drift. BG: Boy, that’s some deep snow. JO: The winters back then, you know, were even harder than they are now. BG: I wonder why all of these changes are taking place like that? JO: Well, I think the Bible is fulfilled because, you know, the Bible says that time will come that you can’t tell winter from summer. It seems to me that its getting much lighter than they used to be. BG: A lot of people really believe that that’s what’s happening. Was there many “crooked carrying-on” in the political elections? JO: Well, it was about lit it is now, as far as I know. People… 5 �BG: Somebody was telling me that they didn’t go out and buy your vote with money. They would go out and then take you to the polls and make you sick. JO: Oh, I never did get drunk enough to know anything about that. I never id drink any whiskey much. I remember getting drunk when I was a little bitty boy. My mother let me go over to my grandfather’s to stay overnight, my sister and I. And she told us to come home the next morning early. My grandfather he was a good religious man but he always kept a jug, an old stone jug sitting under his bed with a little whiskey in it. And he’s take it down before breakfast every morning so he got his whiskey and picked him up a glass. He passed it to me, I just hung on to it and drunk until he took it from me. So good you know and I wasn’t used to it, and so I got so sick, my sister couldn’t take me home. It was way up in the day, about 10 or 11 o’clock until I was able to go home. I didn’t know any better and I just kept drinking. That’s the only, well, I remember getting drunk one time after that. I was a small boy. I wasn’t but…Sunday school teacher. Did you hear him sing at Elk Park Sunday nights? I got a couple of other fellers and went out one night and had a pint of whiskey. We drank that pint of whiskey and all got kind of high on it. That was my last. Well, another time I stayed with one of my friends one night. One of them got so drunk he couldn’t get home and so we had to stay all night. And next morning I went home and felt so bad. And my stepfather had a big old mule and he told me he wanted to plow that mule that day. And I thought well, could I ever make it? But I finally got the old mule and wen over to the field and after I was there I got to work, I got hot, and I got better and worked all day. But that was my last time I ever got the old saying is “high.” BG: Did a lot of the people around here used get, as you say, “high?” JO: Well, no more than it is now, I don’t think. BG: Let’s go back to your early life on the farm a little bit. Did you and your sisters, were the jobs – the chores, were they divided that you had to do a certain think or did you all work together? JO: No, my stepfather would go off and tell us to do certain tasks, give us a certain thing and we usually always got it done. If we didn’t we were afraid we’d get a whipping. BG: Did you and your sister alternate jobs? Like you did something one time and the next time it had to be done and she would do it? JO: No, we usually just did little jobs both together. Of course, she helped in the kitchen you know, and I didn’t too much. BG: What type farm machinery, farm equipment did you use then? 6 �JO: We just used old one horse plows and some two-horse turn plows, hillside plows you know mostly. And then we used hoes for the rest. BG: When modern farm machinery came out, what kind of effect did it have on the farmer? JO: Well, on some of them, it was quite a help. But some didn’t farm enough to buy it and they had to farm the old fashion way. BG: Did it seem to give the farmer a lot more leisure time or did he have to spend a lot of time taking care of his new equipment? JO: It seemed like he worked quite a bit. BG: Did your family ever grow any crops, any cash crops? JO: I don’t remember it. Had many things to sell. Now, I raised beans after I got grown. I raised them for several years. I sold them of course and then I sued to raise cabbage to sell. BG: Would you sell your crops to big buyers or would you sell it to small buyers? JO: Well, usually just small buyers would come around with a wagon or a truck you know. Buy it. After I got older and raised more stuff, there was quite a lot of people hauling the stuff to Knoxville and sold it. BG: Did they get much better prices down there? JO: They would get a much better price down there than they could around here. BG: Would all the farmers get together and just make one big haul to Knoxville or would everybody go separately and take their own? JO: Why, they would usually have enough stuff just to take a load of their own, you know. We used trucks. Of course we traded down around Johnson City and Elizabethton some back in the horse and wagon days. They hauled it on a wagon. BG: Did your neighbors help you harvest your crops? JO: Well, some. They would, back in those days you know. They would clear a piece of land, and they would get a certain date for a log rolling and a lot of the men in the community would come and help pile the logs you know. And you would always fix up a good dinner for them and have a good time. I remember I was going to a corn shucking one night after I was married, after I was grown and was shucking corn and somebody hit me in the head with an ear of corn. I never did find out who it was. I don’t know whether they did it accidently or whether they did it on purpose. 7 �BG: Can you remember any other stories about any particular corn shuckings when something funny happened? JO: Well, I remember we used to go to several but I don’t remember any specific accidents that happened much. BG: Did people give rewards for people who shucked the most corn or did you play games or anything like that? JO: Well, sometimes they would play games. They never got any rewards that I remember. BG: It seems like families used to be closer together then, and the neighbors used to help out more? Could you tell me a little bit about that? JO: Well, if a person…if one certain person was building a new house you know, the neighbors would come and help him on the building. And you don’t see any of that anymore. They always have to do their own work. Nobody will help you free much. Of course people do yet, you know some. But they were better to help each other seems to be, back several years ago than they are now. BG: Where did you go to school, around here? JO: Well, we had a school over at Heaton. I went there until 1910. I believe it was and then I went to Melvin one year, down at Melvin College. But I had not completed high school at that time. And in 1911, we had a high school, the first high school that was ever in Avery County. I believe it was 1911 or 1912, I’m not sure. And I went to high school one year at Elk Park on the side of the hill. BG: Can you describe it to me, what did it look like? JO: Well, I can’t remember too much of what it looked like. But I can tell you who the principal was. Professor Pearson was his name. But I don’t remember his given name. BG: How did he teach, if there were so many different grades in this one classroom, how would he teach everybody something different at the same time? JO: Well, they just have different classes, you know. And while one class was doing one thing then he’d be teaching another class something else. BG: Yes. Did you used to write on slates? JO: Yes, we used to have old slates, you know and slate pencils? 8 �BG: Penny pencils? JO: No, I don’t know if they were. I don’t know what they called them, they didn’t have any wood on them, you know they were jut a little pencil you marked with on the slates. BG: They didn’t have any wood on the pencil, it was just like lead? JO: They were chalk you know, they used a blackboard and used chalk a lot. Can you remember seeing chalk? BG: Chalk? JO: Chalk? To write with. BG: White chalk, yes, we used that. JO: Well, we used that a lot back in my days, when I was going to school. BG: What type of classes did you learn when you were in school? What subjects? JO: I studied arithmetic and algebra, history and geography, and I don’t remember what else. BG: What type of games did you and your friends used to play at your recess time? JO: Oh, we played ball. They hit the ball and then they would run and if they got across before they go to the based, why they were out. Somebody else took their place. And then we had another one called “Bull Pen.” I know my uncle, he was a preacher, but he came to the school house and played Bull Pen with us. But I don’t remember too much about how we played it. BG: Did you used to make your own balls? JO: Oh yes, made it out of cotton thread. BG: Did you wrap leather around the balls, is that what you used to do? Somebody was telling me they would take their mother’s old shoes that were all worn out and wrap leather around the balls to make them last longer? JO: Well, I think they did that some, but usually back when I was going to school they just were thread ball. Just used cotton thread and rolled them. BG: Was it hard to make one? JO: No, no. 9 �BG: Did the girls play these games with you or… JO: Sometimes they would play ball some. I remember they used to have a game they would call “Dare Base,” they played that quite a bit. BG: Did a lot of the town people around here used to meet at one certain store in town and sit around and tell folktales and things like that? JO: I remember up there in Heaton, they used to do that and called it “Rover’s Story.” A little bit you know around there, some people called it “Rover’s Story.” BG: That’s a good name for it I guess. Were any of your neighbors or your family, were any of you all involved in playing banjos and making music? JO: No. None of my family did it. I had an uncle named James Heaton, he was a merchant, wholesale and retail merchant there in Heaton and he enjoyed singing mighty well. He usually always had singing for about two or three times a week. About once a week in the middle of the week and then on Sunday and Saturday. And he preached quite a bit. BG: Did you feel it was, or did the people feel that it was important to be real active in the community? JO: Be active? BG: Active, yes. JO: Well, I guess it was about then like it is now. People are about the same. BG: It seems like it would, the more active you were, the more it would help your political career and everything like that. JO: I can remember Eddie Ray’s brother, and he lived up there at Heaton. After they put in a Trailways bus, he would see that bus come in and say “Yonder, here comes the big bus.” That was Homer, Homer, Jr. Eddie Ray’s brother. BG: Does he live around, does he live…where now? JO: I don’t know where he’s at now. He must be in California. He’s still in the service. BG: Can you tell me the different between the things you did in the summertime compared to the wintertime? Was the summer a lot easier, even though you had all your farming to do or was it easier to fight off the cold in the wintertime? JO: Well, of course we didn’t have so much work to do, you know. Everybody burned wood 10 �mostly then. And had to get out and cut a lot of wood when it was cold and bad to get it in. I remember that we always had a fireplace and we would, if there was a fire, we would get a buckeye and cut it for back sticks. That was a stick to burn in the back and the other wood such as hickory and sugar tree and maybe oak and so on, for to burn in front of that back stick. That old back stick would be green buckeye and it would burn, last a long time. BG: Burn a lot slower. JO: Yes. BG: Can you tell me something about the houses back then? JO: Well, there were not many people that had very good houses. Just two or three roomed houses about what they mostly had. Some of them only had one room. And you never saw any carpets on the floor very often. BG: Really? I thought that a lot of the ladies used to weave their own carpet? JO: I never knew of anybody weaving any carpet but, I can remember the spinning wheels. They used to take wood and make yarn out of it. And use yarn for whatever they wanted to make like socks and so on. BG: A lot of the people raised their own sheep then? JO: Oh yes, there was quite a few sheep then but there are not that many now. BG: I don’t know, why do people not raise sheep anymore around here? JO: Well, dogs go so bad until I had to sell. I’ve raised sheep I guess, for 30 years. And gos got so bad, they killed the sheep, so I had to sell mine. Sold them two years, two or three years ago. I haven’t raised any in about three years. BG: Can you remember what the attitude of the people was when the first cars came to the area? JO: Yes, I can remember that people, they thought it was something great you know. And I can remember the first one I ever rode in. One of my friends that lived in Banner Elk bought one of the first cars that was around. I’d been somewhere walking and he picked me up between Heaton and Elk Park and gave me a ride and that’s something I can remember the first time I ever drove one too. Back then you didn’t have to have any license, you just bought your car and went ahead and used it. It was like with horses you know. But that didn’t last too long until you had to have a tag for each car. 11 �BG: How fast would those first cars go? JO: About 20 miles per hour. That was a pretty good speed. BG: Well, how did most people feel towards the car? Did they welcome it? JO: I think so. I think most of them appreciated them. BG: Can you think of any specific changes that started coming into use? JO: Well, I don’t know of anything special that happened. Of course people began to buy you know quick as they, people didn’t have money then that they have got now. And they would buy a car when they got able. BG: What about the railroads? Can you remember the first railroads? JO: Yes. I can remember a little narrow gauge that came from Johnson City to Boone. And I don’t remember, I believe it was the 1940 flood that washed away so much of it between Cranberry to Johnson City until about oh, I don’t know. Its been discontinued I guess about 20 years. They called it E.T. & W.N.C, the East Tennessee and Western North Carolina Railroad, but most people called it the “Arbuckle.” BG: what was the train ride like? Was it hot and smoky and anything like that? JO: No, no, it was a mighty good one. People you know riding the train. Sometimes they would have a special trip. I can remember going to Boone one time on a special trip. Just for the trip you know, no business. Just for the trip. BG: Did you take many trips that weren’t for business very often or did you usually go places for business purpose only? JO: Mostly for business purposes. BG: Can you tell me the difference in a weekday compared to a weekend? JO: I have to understand just what you mean by that. BG: Well, did you do farm work on the weekends the same as on the weekday? JO: Oh, yes. People used to work six days a week. Now they only work five. They used to work ten hours a day and now they only work eight. BG: Did everybody in the community go to church on Sunday? 12 �JO: No. But people went to church very little back then in those days. Of course, there were not near as many people as they are now you know. There just were not that many people like there are now. But they attended church very little back then. Like they do now, about the same amount. BG: Were the church services different then compared to how they are now? JO: Well, not too much. Preacher usually preached the Bible you know, couldn’t be much difference. BG: Some people have told me that…what was I going to say? Oh well. What were funerals like? JO: Well, they were different when somebody died in the community. Somebody made a coffin, they didn’t go to a store and buy it. There wasn’t any place to buy it. Somebody would make it. They would be buried in a homemade coffin. Now they wouldn’t know what a homemade coffin was I don’t guess. BG: I don’t guess so. JO: I used to remember this fellow named John Harmon back in the Beech Mountain section that made coffins. He usually kept a few made ahead, you know, for people. But a lot of times they would make your coffin after they died. BG: Were the graveyards scattered throughout the area or did people like to be buried on their own land? JO: Well, some often wanted to be buried on their own land but now the graveyards in Heaton, I can remember the first one that was buried there. And it’s a pretty big cemetery now. But there are a lot of differences you know, in funerals in those days and today. People just had to take them to church in a wagon, with a horse and a wagon. I can remember when my mother died. They took her to church in a wagon. That was back, I guess in the ‘30s or ‘40s. BG: Were there not any laws about where you could bury people and where you couldn’t bury people? JO: They used to have cemeteries around certain places in the community, you know, they would all have a name. Now line the one up there at Heaton, one named the Heaton Graveyard and there’s another one across on the other side of the river called Smith Graveyard, and another one back over on the mountains a little further called (inaudible) Graveyard. You see people mostly named them after people that were first buried there. They would start their own graveyard, you know. BG: So they were not really like church graveyards then? JO: No. 13 �BG: Did they have a service at the…like a graveside service or did they hold the service at the church? JO: They had both. They would have a funeral at the church and then the preacher usually talked some at the graveyard. BG: Was your family involved in any crafts in any way? JO: Not that I remember. BG: The crafts that people speak of today were really just your livelihood in a way. Its how you kept going you know, making your own clothes and spinning and weaving and all that. JO: People used to make about all their clothing you know. I can remember a fellow down at Shell Creek whose name was, he was a Miller and his wife had knit a pair of socks. He said, “I’ll give you a quarter for the pair of socks,” Yes, I guess you would like to cheat your wife out of a few cents. I can take them down to Woodrow’s store and get 25 cents for them. Now, I don’t know whether that’s true or not, but they told it to an old gentleman. BG: The mother used to knot all the socks for her family? JO: Oh, yes. BG: How many pair of socks would you have? JO: Oh, two or three I guess. Didn’t have many. Just enough for a change you know. Of course some would have more than others. BG: How many pairs of pants would you have? Just those that you worked in everyday and then another pair for Sunday? JO: Yes. I can remember when I was just a boy. Usually a boy wore knee pants and he was sporting a pair of pants and a little shirt. One Sunday a couple of boys would come to spend the Sunday with me and we went swimming just a little ways over the hill on what they called “Gator Branch.” I noticed that one of the boys he was in a little hurry to get his shirt and pants on before I had mine. I took out up the road after him, he was about a quarter mile ahead. He got ready and just threw my pants way off above the road on an old brush pile. I had to crawl in that brush and get my pants. BG: Did you get him back? JO: Oh, I threw rocks at him all the way back. 14 �BG: Can you think of some more old stories of experiences that you had that would be interesting to us? JO: Well, I don’t know of anything that would be very interesting. Of course, you know it wouldn’t be interesting to me anyway. After I got to be older why I had the experience of going to Georgia quite a lot. I bought a farm down there, between Greensboro and Madison. I bout a 326 and ¾ acre farm down there for $3,300 I believe it was. I kept it from 1927 until about 16 year I think it was. I would go down there every three or four times a year. We kept renters there, kept cattle down there. I would buy cattle down there and bring them back here and sell them. And I had quite an experience going to Georgia and back. BG: You own quite a bit of land today don’t you still? JO: Well, they have my tax at about 471 acres. And than a couple of lots at Heaton. BG: What were land taxes like back when you first started buying land? JO: Oh, they were cheap then. Land was cheap too. BG: How much did you pay for most of the land that you own now? JO: Now, this house, you see what it is. About 30 acres, maybe about 33 acres of land was the first I ever bought here on Elk River. I bought it for 1,800 dollars. BG: 30 acres for 1,800 dollars? JO: And then I bought another 100 acres gross on the other side of the mountain called Fall Creek. I got it at a sale. A man owed them 2,000 dollars for the mortgage to somebody else and he didn’t pay for it, they put it up for a public sale and I got those 100 acres of land for 500 dollars. When UI went to the sale there wasn’t anybody there and I thought that would bid against me. His name was Ed Lewis, and when the man brought the sale up he said not to start for less than 500 dollars. He turned around to Mr. Lewis and said “What will you give me for it?” I said, “Oh, I reckon I’ll give you 500 dollars.” So I got 100 acres of land for 500 dollars, he had been asking 2,000 dollars for it. “The buck stops here.” BG: The land down here where the Elk Falls are? JO: No, I own some land below the falls. BG: You don’t? JO: No, that belongs to the government. 15 �BG: I went swimming down there. It was so cold, I did it and every muscle in my body froze up. Did you go down to the big one? Did you go down to that? JO: Yes. My next-door neighbor went down there and he jumped off the top. That is what about 65 feet isn’t it? BG: I’ve seen people jump off. Not me! JO: I wouldn’t want to do that! BG: Didn’t you tell me about the mailman who used to ride ½ down the falls and jump the rest of the way? What’s the story about the mailman? JO: I don’t remember, but I do remember a mailman who was carrying mail to Beech Creek and one day he came to eat, got his mail, then started back to Beech Creek and the water was up pretty high. It had been raining hard. Along by night he came back with a wet mail bag. He said the creek was so high it swept it away and he found it down the creek. So I took the mail u of that bad, fried it, and delivered it. Every piece of it, then sent the bag back. BG: Well, what happened to the mailman? JO: He didn’t get hurt, he went on. I’ve got a piece that was written about him, rowing the branch. I’ve got it, I’ll let you read id you would like to. BG: Let’s talk some more now. JO: He never would ride a horse. He walked. He would just about run downhill. But he walked fast the entire time. He just had one hand, lost one hand back in his young days. BG: Can you give me a comparison of your feelings of life compared to today to when you were growing up? JO: Well, I don’t think it was any better. Of course there were not so many people back then and it seemed that things were not as hurried when I was young. BG: Do you think having a small community school was better than having the larger schools in big areas now? JO: I think you can have better schools by having them small, but it seems like now such as Avery County. At one time they had three schools, and now they have one. People have to come from Beech Creek and Plum to Newland for school. That’s awful far for them to travel to high school. But still people think it’s better; I guess they think it is because they still continue them all in one. 16 �BG: Would you say that life is easier now or harder? JO: Well, people don’t work as hard as they used to back then. But it seemed that people were stronger then and could enjoy it better. You know the Bible speaks of a generation that will get weaker and modern. It seemed to be that its getting that way, don’t you? Of course you know people are a lot wiser than they used to be, because they didn’t know how to make automobiles and airplanes, and like that. End of interview 17 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Appalachian Oral History Project Interviews Description An account of the resource In 1973, representatives from Appalachian State University (ASU) began the process of collecting interviews from Watauga, Avery, Ashe, and Caldwell county citizens to learn about their respective lives and gather stories. From the outset of the project, the interviewers knew that they were reaching out to the “last generation of Appalachian residents to reach maturity before the advent of radio, the last generation to maintain an oral tradition.” The goal was to create a wealth of data for historians, folklorists, musicians, sociologists, and anthropologists interested in the Appalachian Region. The project was known as the “Appalachian Oral History Project” (AOHP), and developed in a consortium with Alice Lloyd College and Lees Junior College (now Hazard County Community College) both in Kentucky, Emory and Henry College in Virginia, and ASU. Predominately funded through the National Endowment for the Humanities, the four schools by 1977 had amassed approximately 3,000 interviews. Each institution had its own director and staff. Most of the interviewers were students. Outgrowths of the project included the Mountain Memories newsletter that shared the stories collected, an advisory council, a Union Catalog, photographs collected, transcripts on microfilm, and the book Our Appalachia. Out of the 3,000 interviews between the three schools, only 663 transcripts were selected to be microfilmed. In 1978, two reels of microfilm were made available with 96 transcripts contributed by ASU. An annotated index referred to as The Appalachian Oral History Project Union Catalog was created to accompany the microfilm. The catalog is broken down into five sections starting with a subject topic index such as Civilian Conservation Corps, Coal Camps, Churches, etc. The next four sections introduced the interviewees by respective school. There was an attempt to include basic biographic information such as date of birth, location, interviewer name, length of interview, and subjects discussed. However, this information was not always consistent per school. This online project features clips from the interviews, complete transcripts, and photographs. The quality and consistency of the interviews vary due to the fact that they were done largely by students. Most of the photos are missing dates and identifying information. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Collection 111. Appalachian Oral History Project Records, 1965-1989 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1965-1989 Sound A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Artist Shell, J.O. (interviewee) Greenberg, Barbara (interviewer) Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 01:13, Election of Woodrow Wilson, 01:28, Heaton Postmaster Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Interview with James Oliver (J.O. Shell), July 23, 1974 Subject The topic of the resource Shell, James (1891-)--Interviews Farm life--North Carolina--Avery County--History--20th century Avery County (N.C.)--History--20th century Avery County (N.C)--Social life and customs--20th century Description An account of the resource James Oliver Shell was born on January 26, 1891 in Shell Creek, Tennessee where his grandfather owned a farm and worked as a carpenter. His father died when he was two months old, so his mother reared the children living with her father. Mr. Shell had one sister, a half-­‐sister, and four half-­‐brothers. As a young man James O. Shell moved to the Heaton community of Avery County North Carolina and was a farmer and served as the postmaster in Heaton from 1914 to about 1953. He died on July 4, 1980 at the age of 88. During the interview James O. Shell reflects on working his farm, local politics, and playing baseball as a youth. He discusses log rollings, corn shuckings, and the how neighbors helped each out. Some other topics he discusses are Tweetsie Railroad, homemade coffins, local cemeteries and playing baseball. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Shell, James Oliver Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="Appalachian Oral History Project Interviews, 1965-1989" href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/195" target="_blank">Appalachian Oral History Project Interviews, 1965-1989</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 23-Jul-74 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright for the interviews on the Appalachian State University Oral History Collection site is held by Appalachian State University. The interviews are available for free personal, non-commercial, and educational use, provided that proper citation is used (e.g. Appalachian State Collection 111. Appalachian Oral History Project Records, 1965-1989, W.L. Eury Appalachian Collection, Special Collections, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC). Any commercial use of the materials, without the written permission of the Appalachian State University, is strictly prohibited. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource MP3 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 17 pages Language A language of the resource English English Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant <kml xmlns="http://earth.google.com/kml/2.0"><Folder><name>OpenLayers export</name><description>Exported on Thu Oct 24 2013 14:04:46 GMT-0400 (Eastern Standard Time)</description></Folder></kml>||||osm Shell Creek (T.N.) Avery County (N.C.) Avery County cemetery coffins corn shucking Education Elk Park ET & WNC railroad farming Heaton local politics postmaster railroad rural mail delivery Tennessee Tweetsie Railroad