1 50 16 https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/2b0ccdc7a7cc94a2e1007425296f5b21.pdf 485a0001a414e378d44a5807264da5bc PDF Text Text 1 Mrs. B: Tell them about going to Berea. Then tell about coming to Boone, and then tell about teaching your first school. Mr. B: Well, I better just go on to Boone. and won't get finished. I'll get so much history in there Well, start out there then. Mrs. B: Tell them where you were born. Mr. B: Alright, ready? Interviewer: I'm ready. Mrs. B: Just talk natural. Mr. B: I was born at Bakersville, Mitchell County, North Carolina, in 1892. What year, if you want to. In 1908, I went to Berea College and was there until 1917. particular time there was not a high scnool in this county. At that I even had my eighth grade, my high school work, and my college work at Berea College. In 1917, I went to the Naval/Aviation Air Force and served seventeen months until the armistice was signed. Then I came home to North Carolina at Spear in Avery County and in 1919, I went to Appalachian Training School. Interviewer: Is that the same place where Appalachian State University is now? Mr. B: At that particular time, there were only four buildings on the campus. Interviewer: How many students were there at that time? Do you have any recollection of how many? Mr. B: At the summer school, there was about 150 students. Newland Hall with Warsaw Braswell. I roomed in Old Dr. Dougherty and his brother had started this school in 1900 and it was known as Appalachian Training School. Interviewer: Was this education oriented, like for teachers, that sort of thing? Mrs. B: It was just a normal, teacher's normal. �2 Interviewer: What is, what do you mean by a teacher's normal? Mr. B: It was changed, you want to get this down? Interviewer: Sure. Mr. B: It was changed the next year to Appalachian Normal School for teachers. Mrs. B: It was known as Appalachian State Teacher's College and you couldn't take all these degrees, just college only. Mr.B: I had Dr. Dougherty as one of my teachers. tory. Dr. Rankin taught English. Dr. I.G. Greer taught his- Shut if off there just a minute, what was that. Mrs. B: I'll get out of it. Mr . B: I put in there about teaching six months school, didn't I? Mrs. B: No, you didn't. Interviewer: I don't think you did. Mr.B: After, you can turn it on now. After getting my teacher's and principal's certificate by going to school at Appalachian, I taught a six months school at Hughes, North Carolina. Interviewer: A six months, that means that . . . Mr. B: At that time we only had six months schools and at the end of the school year about Christmas time, I had a letter from Dr. Dougherty wanting me to come to Boone. I got on Tweetsie and went over and spent the night with Dr. Dougherty, and he offered me a position as a teacher and monitor of Newland Hall, but at that time I had already signed up to go to Sylva, North Carolina, and teach another six months school because down in the Piedmont section, they only had six month school and they didn't start it until after Christmas, hoeing and cutting tobacco. Interviewer: Were these for all grades of students and . . . �3 Mrs. B: For how many grades of students? Interviewer: Was this like on a high school level? Mr.B: For all grades. Interviewer: All grades. Mr.B: Yeah. Mrs. B: It was a grammar school, wasn't it? Mr. B: Yeah, a granunar school. Inerviewer: And were there. Mr. B: There wasn't a high school in, in. Mrs. B: (garbled) Interviewer: Yeah, was this, were these grades taught all together or did they have like different classrooms and other teachers or were you the only one teaching or . . . ? Mr. B: No. I just had one helper at the first school.I taught with Molly Ramsey. She's still living up here at Banner Elk here. Interviewer: Boy, that's really something! Mr. B: I had the, I had the first four grades. She had the first, second, and third grade and I had fifth, fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh. seventh then was the eighth. The You graduated from high school in the eleventh grade here then after that, later on, they added the twelfth. Interviewer: I see. So, so you all, like, did you . . . you grew up in this area all your life, right? Mr. & Mrs. B: Yeah. InE!rViewer: Right, right around Minneapolis. Mr. B: Well. . Interviewer: Did you stay . . . how long did you, did y 'all stay in Bakersville and you could even tell us when you met and all that sort of thing, if you would like to. �4 Mr. B: Like what. . • Inerviewer: You could even tell us like how y'all got together and how you, where you spent your childhood years. Mrs. B: Ir's a funny thing about how we got a hold of this property. Interviewer: Really? Mrs. B: Yeah. Mr. B: Yeah. Mrs. B: Well, let's finish up about that edu . . . Interviewer: Educational thing. Mrs. B: Yeah. Interviewer: O.K. Mrs. B: And tell what year you graduated at Appalachian. This going to be helter skelter business because you don't know where you're at unless you know what you're gonna say. Mr. B: Well, I might put this in, when you start it out, when l - finished at Berea College, there were no such a thing as accredited schools at that day and time. Later on, they required a principal to have a degree from an accredited school. So in 1935 and '·36, I went back to Appalachian and got my Bachelor of Science degree. Mrs. B: That was in '38, Wallace. Mr.B: In 1936. In~rviewer: And what did you do after that, when you got your degree? Mr.B: At that time, I made a score of 99 and 6/10% in my school studies and Dr. Dougherty called me into the office again and offered me a job teaching history. Interviewer: So did you do that? Mr. B: But I told him I'd already signed up to be principal at Riverside School and consolidate it. �5 Interviewer: Riverside school? Where is that located? Mrs. B: Plumtree. Interviewer: Plumtree? Mr. B: And I told him, you're getting this? Interviewer: Yeah. Mr . B: And I told him, I'd rather just be a country school principal rather Is that one of the first schools around here? than to teach in college which I did until I retired in 1954 at Elk Park, North Carolina, at the age of 54. Mrs. B: 64! Mr. B: 64: Mrs. B: You were sixty-two. Mr. B: I retired in '54. Mrs. B: You retired in '54, but you was sixty-two years old. Mr. B: And I retired at the age of sixty-two. Interviewer: I see. Mrs. B: Tell her how the roads were in those days, how you had to lay down and You retired at sixty-two, not sixty-five . That's really something. put chains on going to Riverside school, how we did. Interviewer: Was it really rough here? It usually is pretty rough up here in the winter time. Mrs. B: Yes. Interviewer: How, how long a time did people get let out of school? Mr. B: I'm Interviewer: Sure. Mrs. B: Well, wait a minute and get this, get this. gonna tell you about me getting married and you can record that. Wallace, she asked you about uh . . . well now, back then you had to miss more days than you do now. Mr. B: I didn't miss at Riverside. Mrs. B: Oh, you never did miss at Riverside. �6 Mr. B: Only one day I missed and that was when it was sleeted. Mrs. B: Now, last year they missed a lot . . . Mr.B: And I was there ten years . just two buses. Mrs. B: I brought in six different schools there with The first year, one bus had to make three runs. Tell about the roads, and a little bit about the roads and tell how they developed them up until today. Interviewer: O. K. Mr. B: Well. Interviewer: Does 19E, was 19E through here? Mr. B: 19E, when we got married, was just a mud road through here but it's . . . Mrs. B: Gravel road! Mr. B: It was just . . . they graveled it. Mrs. B: The year we married . Mr. B: The year, the year we got married. Interviewer: I see . Mrs. B: 1924 . Interviewer: 1924. When was that, if I might ask? And then you were, Mrs. Buchanan you were talking about something you wanted to say about how you got ahold of this land, or something like that. Mrs. B: Let me show you this little piece of the road. Interviewer: Could you tell me something about the Tweetsie railroad and when it washed away and all that sort of thing? Mrs. B: Yes, oh yes. Tell her that when we first moved here in '24, Tweetsie railroad ran through this section from Johnson City to Boone and they had excursions on it . You know they used to have excursions on it. Interviewer: Was there, was there a train depot in the innnediate area? Mr.B: Right back up here, there was just a shed back out here on the side of the hill. �7 Interviewer: Right here in Minneapolis? Mr.B: That they stopped. Mrs. B: Well, the depot in Minneapolis. Mr.B: And the, uh, and the train came down here, plum down in here and went up here and then went down in to Minneapolis. Mrs. B: That's what you call a . Mr.B: This building right over here is. Mrs. B: That's the switchback. Mr. B: Switchback. Mrs. B: They call it the switchback. Interviewer: I see. Mr.B: They stopped it in 1932. Interviewer: How large was this train?. How many passengers did you think it would hold? Mr. B: Well, they generally hold about a baggage car and six passenger coaches. Interviewer: I see. Mrs. B: On occasions when they was coming through here on excursions they'd have about, oh about eight to ten coaches on it. Mr.B: Well, they had observation coaches. Mrs. B: Yeah. Mr.B: They'd stop right up here on the hill and look down the river toward And they'd stop right up here on this hil±. Spruce Pine. Mrs. B: Every time, Mr. Black was the president at the time, and every time he came through here he had the train stop. Mr. B: Had them stop up there. Mrs. B: Because it's such a beautiful view down the valley. Ina-viewer: I bet that was beautiful! Mrs. B: I wish it ran today! I wish it ran today! �8 Mr. B: I believe that old, I believe that old depot is in Boone yet. They're using it for something. They're using it for something or another. Mrs. B: Now, I went to Boone after we were married. go back and forth. I went to Boone and I'd I'd stay over there and room over there. Then, I'd come back on Tweetsie and get off up here on the hill, up back over here it was the time so, I'd travel back and forth on Tweetsie and I'd go to sunnner school. I'd take six weeks at a time and I'd come home every weekend, but I'd have to ride Tweetsie. Interviewer: How much did it cost to ride on the train back and forth or one way or whatever? Mrs. B: Very little. Mr. B: It wasn't but less than a dollar to go to Boone. Mrs. B: I think it was less than a dollar, maybe around a dollar each way. Interviewer: How, did it stop in Boone or like what was, how far down that way did it go to Marion? Mr. & Mrs. B: No, it went into Minneapolis. Interviewer: Just into Minneapolis, I see. Mrs. B: Do you know where Francis' Beauty Shop is, that building that was just burned down here? InB:'viewer: Yeah. Mrs. B: Well right over in the bottom, across from that was the depot. My uncle ran the depot, the man that owned this house. Interviewer: I see. Mrs. B: So he was the depot agent. Inerviewer: And then it just went around to Boone and then . . . �9 Mrs. B: . . . stopped here. Mrs. B: That's all the farther it went. Mrs. B: It went up to Newland and it would go into Pineola and stopped at Minneapolis, stopped all along the way, stopped at Stony Elk Park, stopped at Cranberry, stopped at Minneapolis, stopped at Newland and then it went down into Pineola and then came back and went around to Linville and then into Boone. That's the way it had to run. Mr. B: It's four miles into Pineola. Mrs. B: Yeah. Mr. B: The railroad was first built to haul timber out of this country and it was built to Cranberry to haul iron ore down to Johnson City. Mrs B: The iron ore mine is at Cranberry. Mr.B: They still run the iron ore mine. In~viewer: They still run the iron ore mine? Mr. B: It's still running over here at Cranberry. Mrs. B: It was the main way of transportation in that day. Everybody that wanted to travel, the roads were very poor and crooked and there were not very many hard serviced roads. could go to Johnson City and shop. We would ride the train and we Oh, I guess we'd leave her along about 9:00 and go to Johnson City, then come back and get off the train. But you know, back in those days, it was an attraction for people because everybody would go to a train stop. they gather at the post offices today. Why people were there like They'd gather when the train stopped. Mr. B: They'd gather to see who got off and who got on. Interviewer: That's really something. Mrs. B: They'd stop anywhere and pick up. If I was along the road down here, and flagged them dewn, they'd stop and pick me up. �10 Mr. B: And another thing they done away with is the Star Route post offices. Now they've got them on rural routes. I'd say they've cut out all over the United States, two-thirds of the rural post offices. Interviewer: Really. Mr. B: We get ours still at Minneapolis. Interviewer: Minneapolis? Mrs. B: But there is a route that runs through here. Mr. B: But now they cut out Frank down here. Where do you pick up your mail now? Roaring Creek. Do they still . . They cut out Valley up on They cut out Powder Hill post office and they still have a post office in Plumtree. They cut out the one at Ingalls. They cut out the one at Three Miles. Interviewer: Why, what is it? Did they just want one place where everybody comes to get their mail? Mr. B: Rural routes go out from Elk Park and three or four of them go out to Newland. Mrs. B: The one that goes out from Elk Park, that's about an eighty mile route. This man goes way back into Beech Mountain and then comes back to Elk Park. Interviewer: Does he do all this in one day? Mrs. B: In one day. Mr. B: Oh yeah. Interviewer: Boy! Mrs. B: It's a hard job. Mr. B: And people would gather at the post off ice like they would at the depot to get their mail when the mail comes in. Interviewer: Really. Well, you know those fellows over at the Inn? haven't heard from that woman. You know, I I wrote her a letter and I was wondering like when the Inn was built, the Appalachian Inn down here. �11 Mrs. B: Well, I guess that would be. very easy because that's a very famous eating place today down here and get ahold of Bernice or . . . Interviewer: I tried to write her but I'm not really sure, maybe I can get her by phone. Mr. B: The Appalachian Inn, I boarded that a year before I was married . I was teaching there, six months school. The girls that run that came to school with me. Mrs. B: We started our teaching career in Minneapolis, together. I taught two years. Mr. B: I taught the year, three teachers school year then, and I taught the year before and then I got married and I had a vacancy and I put my wife in it, of course. She taught then until she went to Elk Park. You taught three years here before you went to Elk Park, didn't you? Interviewer: Was this sort of like an apartment sort of thing. ¥ou know, like when you stayed at the Inn? Mrs. B: It was just like it is now except it's just been remodeled. Interviewer: I see, so they have like a cottage or that sort of thing? Mr. B: The one that they feed the big dinners in is the same old building. I guess it's . . . Mrs. B: It would be interesting to talk to Bernice or Hope, one, and let them tell you the early history of that because it's very interesting . Mr . B: History of the Appalachian Inn . Mrs. B: Even before we came to Minneapolis. Interviewer: Well maybe before we leave today we can swing by and just go visit them, Now we've been here 55 years. maybe go talk to them about it. Mrs B: I bet you could. They'd be glad to see you. Interviewer: That'd be great! That's real interesting. stayed there. I didn't know that you How about some of the churches in this area? know like if there was only one church at one time? Do you Which ones were �12 the original churches? Mr. B: Well the original churches in this were. Mrs. B: Not Minneapolis she's talking about. Mr. B: The Baptist. Mrs. B: And the Methodist. Mr. B: And the Methodist. Mrs. B: And later the Chrustian church. lt was the Baptist church. This new Christian church was built in Minneapolis. Mr. B: That's where we belong. We belong to the Christian church. Mrs. B: 1932. Interviewer: I see. Mrs. B: It was built in 1932. Mr.B: Well now, well, recollect there were two buildings before we built that It was a beautiful church too. big rock building down there. Interviewer: I see. The Minneapolis school now, do they teach first through eighth grade? Mr. B: Yeah, first through eighth grade now. Mrs. B: Not to begin with. When we came to Minneapolis, there were three teachers with a three room building, and he was ~he principal. Mr. B: Three rooms, three school rooms. Mrs. B: And when we were married we taught school down here, I guess two or three years, and then we transferred to Elk Park. a three-room school. Mr.B: It had three teachers. But anyway, it was A Mrs. Boners had a Well up on Little Horse Creek there, remember Shelby? that's the doctor over in Pineola now, there. Dr. Shelby Vance, he had a little school house up He taught first grade through anybody that through the eighth to anybody that would come. �13 Mrs. B: Really through the sixth grade back then. Course, we just had the first sixth grades when we first came here. Interviewer: Did you have trouble getting people to come to school? Mr. & Mrs. B: No. Mr. B: The first school I ever went to was over just above Bakersville at Not too much. White Oak and it was a log school house and it had split logs with holes bored through them and legs put in them and I remember to get up in one, that was in 19 and, oh, 1898, I had to put my knee up and pull myself up and then sit there with my legs hanging down like that. Interviewer: How about now? Like how many students would you say attend the school down in Minneapolis? M s. B: r They had as much as 300. I didn't know if they had three hundred this last year or not, but it's developing. Until now, when we taught down here it was about an eight·· teacher school. M r.B: Well now. Mrs. B: I mean in late years, not at the Mr. B: Yeah. fir~t. Well when I went to Riverside and consolidated these six different schools down here the hundred and thirty~six highest~~~~~~~~~four students one tim a Mrs. B: And you had ten teachers too. Mr.B: I had thirteen. Mrs. B: Did you? Mr. B: I had thirteen. M s. B: r So you see the school's really made a rapid growth of progress in these years. Mr. B: And a heap of the, a heap of the students or the teachers had been to Berea College. �14 Interviewer: I see. Mr.B: Berea, Kentucky. Mrs. B: But you know most of the teachers we had at Riverside come from Boone, graduated at Boone. Mr.B: Yeah, they graduated at Boone. Appalachian. Appalachian has, and you know that. Xt's been a wonder, I'm going to tell you this. It got to the point where so many Florida teachers would come up there and register up for one subject and room in the dormitory and spend the sunnner up there at Boone in the girl's dormitory, especially girls. Mrs. B: Because it was a vacation for them. Mr.B: And they would come up there and spend the sunnner. Mrs. B: They would rent but one or two courses and then they got the requirement to take three courses. Mr. B: And besides that they got their board cheap. .Mrs. B: Back then it was, well it was a nice vacation for them • Mr. B: Then they got, they, they, well, it was along in the forties they got to changing them. They had to carry a full load. Mrs. B: Three subjects. Interviewer: I see. Mr. B: They had to carry at least three subjects. Mrs. B: I had a lot of classmates from Florida when I was up there. Mr . B: Yeah, well, you see why they would. Inerviewer: I can see definitely why they would. Mr. B: A lot of teachers came up there. They was making a regular summer resort out of the summer school. Interviewer: Boy, that's really something! Mrs. B: Now, how many do you have over there now? �15 I~terviewer: How many at Appalachian? Mrs. B: At least a thousand during regular time? Interviewer: I think it's probably over ten thousand, I guess twenty. Mr. B: I think it's something over ten thousand. Interviewer: I'm not really sure. Mr.B: I see where they're doing a lot more building over there now. Interviewer : Yeah • they're building two new dormitories over there and they're , increasing the library; they're adding on to that. Mrs. B: Well, last year, when we went to the reunion over there, I don't know how many -- how many were there? Mr.B: That whole building full! Well, one thing, in place of doing my practice teaching, I'd already had practice teaching at, have had at Berea College, but Howell was principal of the elementary school which was connected with the college as well as the high school over there. And the last three months, in the spring term, Mr. Howell wanted to go and get, go to George Peabody in Nashville, Tennessee, which is a university, a big university in Nashville, and he put me in as the head teacher and principal of the elementary school for the last spring term. And I had about sixteen practice teachers under me. Mrs. B: Tell her about the night you had to spend the night there on account of the snow to take care of the children . Mr .B: Well, it was along in the last of February . It begin to snowing all that morning and just kept pouring and pouring the snow and pouring the snow and the snow got eight and ten inches deep. And the elementary building there, I, we had to send to get blankets and quilts from different places and several of the children slept on the floor . Because it was too rough to go outside and go home? �16 1-tr. B: You couldn't , the buses couldn 't run. Mrs . B: Snow was too deep. Interviewer: Boy! Mrs. B: Snow was too deep. Ini:!rviewer: And a lot of those kids probably come from way up in the country. Mr.B : Some of them would come from, brought them in from eight or ten miles, maybe twelve, over towards Deep Gap, you know where Deep Gap is? Interviewer: Oh, yeah . Mrs. B: That was 1936. Mr. B: Yeah, nineteen, the spring of 1936. InB:'viewer: That is long ways away . Mr . B: And not only that, I came over from Justice, Justice Hall there, and I couldn't come the road and I just come down the steep bank . Mrs. B: It's not Justice Hall now . ? 1r. B: And we came around by where the country home is for the old folks. It 's that new dormitory . This never, 105 hadn't been built, the railroad went 105, that's the way you came over here now, we came around by Valdese and up by Banner Elk. Mrs . . B: Tell them about that because that had dead bodies. Mr. B: And we came around right below the old folks ' home there and the hearse was stole there and had been stole there ever since 10:00 in the night . And it ·had a dead body in it ! Interviewer: Oh Lord! Mr. B: And they had convicts shoveling snow and we came to Valley Mountain. I left early that morning and I never got in home here until 2 :00 the next morning, but when I got to the top of the Howard's Mountain above Banner Elk there, why Avery County had it all cleared off but there was �17 certain places, the snow was twenty feet deep. Interviewer: Boy! Mr.B: You couldn't tell where the road was! Mrs. B: Drifts! Mr.B: It snowed for three days! Interviewer: What happens when people like get really snowed in and they live pretty far out in the county? Does anybody go check on them or anything, make sure they have stuff they need? Mr. B: Just a few years ago, they had over here in Ashe county, they had so much snow they had to drop food for the cattle, hay for the cattle and they dropped food to different homes. Mr s . B: But now, I'll tell you, · most of the people, they'll already have a supply of food . You know, they all can and they all freeze food and they're well protected in that way because . Mr.B: Mountain people always canned a lot and they dried a lot of food, too. Mrs. B: We do that still, we do that still, here. Really, nobody suffered. It was about '60 I believe when they had that awful snowstorm through, especially around Ashe County, around Boone. Boone gets a whole lot more snow than we do here but they have ways. Mr.B: If it snows anywhere, it snows in Boone. Interviewer: Yeah. M~ B: Mrs. B: That's what they always said. We have an awful efficient rescue squad now. When they get hurt up on Beech Mountain or get snowed in, this rescue squad cars, they just go get them and bring them to the hospital or whatever. Mr. B: I believe it 's three or four years ago, 's airplane fell into some trees up there. They rescued the two fellows in the airplane. �18 Interviewer: Well that's good; I'm glad they're alright. Mr. B: On Beech Mountain. Interviewer: What did you think about them putting the new highway through here? Are you glad to see that happen or did you like it the way it was before? I have a lot of mixed feelings about the highway they put in Boone, but I was just wondering like how the people responded to that. Through here? Now at first they opposed it very much, a lot of them. A lot of em say today right through here now, and we're one of. we're some of them, that if it were to do over we wouldn't be for this highway because it 's caused us alot of anxiety, a lot of hard work, that would of . . . they could of straightened it out and everybody says it up this valley ?nd out. Mr. B: They didn't have to take my rock pillars down there. Interviewer: No they didn't. They took your rock pillars down when they built the highway? . Mrs. B: Mr. B: Yes . They took, when they built the new highway, they took the rock pillars and my wrought iron gates . The rock pillars were 9 feet high with the gates built in them. Interviewer: And did they do that to a lot of people's yards or whatever? Mrs. B: Yes they did. If the highway did the . . . mislocate lots of people, their way of life. I nterviewer: Well did you have any choice as to whether or did you actually sell part of that footage that they took away there? Mrs. B: Yeah. They allow you so much. to do over, I wouldn't sign . They didn't give us enough. If it were �19 Mr . B: Where the road is down here, the owner had about half an acre of bottom land right there . And I sold the bottom land I had, all the rest is mountain land . Mrs . B: Well I ' d like to say this too . For the amount they paid us for the damage, I ' d rather it be back like it was because we would still have our rock pillars and wouldn ' t have to have gone through all this anxiety . They didn ' t pay enough for it . I wouldn't have the rock pillars torn out for the amount they paid for the road . 'Cause I ' m glad it ' s over now , and I ' m glad that we ' ve got the good road, but a lot of people were displeased with it. But I think now after it ' s kinda getting finished up , they feel a little differently about it . They do a lot of destruction . Mr . B: You see , they took all this hill off behind me right here to make that 50 foot field that comes do~m there . Still it ' s a steep road . Interviewer: Well, what do you think the reason for doing that? Mr . B: Well they wanted to make the road straighter . Mrs. B: And a better grade . Mr . B: And a better grade and widen it out. Mrs. B: There would have been . . . if they ' d gone up the valley and missed us and missed a lot of things and said Mr . B: Howard~~~~~~~~~~~over ~~~~~~~~~~ They were coming up here into my hard and we got a new survey on it and they went down 3 0 feet . Mrs . B: They would ' ve ruined us . Mr . B: Our house would be sitting up here on a bank . Interviewer : Well did they come to you and talk to you about all this and get you . here �20 Mrs . B: No, they surveyed it first . Mr. B: No, they surveyed it first and then we brought the - - --- and got in here and surveyed it . . Mrs . B: Yeah, I came home..: fi:onC Elor.ida :: and . Mr . B: Pegs were out here in the yard. Mrs . B: to throw the things away, and Mama come home ---------~ she ' ll have a heart attack, come up through her yard, so they threw the pegs away in the morning and we came home. And the man hauling us knew him, got this man to bring three of the surveyors there, because we just told them we could not accept a survey coming through our yard. So this man came down and he said, " I ' m glad you weren ' t here when I put pegs in your yard . " put pegs in my yard?" And I said, "You I said, "ThE;r'r.e not here now!" And I didn ' t throw them away either . we could put them back . " (Laughter) And he said , "Well you know I said, "You aren ' t putting them back, you're not putting them back 'cause you ' re not coming through our yard . " They was going to take a ll my shrubberies through here . So we got a new survey and they went down the hill . They don ' t consider your feelings, they don ' t consider anything when they ' re surveying , especially surveyors. Interviewer: Well, they're just doing their job.. Mrs . B: Trying to do their job . Interviewer : And they, they ' re probably just really immune to the nature of what That ' s what they say . it is they ' re doing probably. Mrs . B: They don ' t hav~much feeling . But anyway the road is here and I ' m glad it ' s here . Interviewer : Well did anybody around here try to stop it coming through at all or get any kind of . . . �21 Mrs . B: Oh yes ! Oh yes ! Some Qoman in Cranberry said she ' d go to jail before they took any of her yard . Mr . B: They didn ' t widen it out in Cranberry except . . . they didn ' t take any out . . . well they did, two houses were moved back . torn down that is right on the road. One was That one that Earl Greene lived in. Mrs . B: Well, I think most of them that are . . . well 'course there ' s the case of have to. You just had to accept it . law , you wouldn't win. If you went into They ' d win, the state would win . We couldn ' t Francis said they didn't pay us a third of what we should have . ' Cause I'd rather have it back, than what little money they paid us and we had to, of course, take out the money they paid us and put the rock pillars back and that cost us 1000 dollars . Mr . B: I have $1,000 to have the iron gates put back and the pillars built- in other words-just the work. Mrs . B: Well really - - - - , I think sometimes these things will come through . We ' ve called it progress, sometimes I think it ' s destruction and I'll make that statement anywhere . Mr . B: Well, they couldn ' t . ·. . now you take . . . they won't build a county road here, and we need a lot of county roads, like the one going up the river from here up to Newland. there now. It's only 5 miles up through But they want a 60 foot right of way ! now it don't matter where it is, they want 60 feet . need 60 feet . road 14 feet Mrs. B: For any state road Well they don ' t All they need is 30 feet. Because they only build a -----------------~ Well in connection with this road business, I ' d like to say that they claim they want to keep the ecology like it is and the beauty and to me they destroy so many beautiful trees that've been growing �22 50 to 100 years. You can ' t replace a tree in a short length of time . And that ' s the objection I have to new roads. They destroy so much beautiful surroundings. Mr . B: We go down through Georgia, we keep trying to find us a shade tree we can pull out under . And they're just little. Mrs . B : Well now we ' re not talking about Georgia . Mr . B: Well I know, but I say that ' s it, they ' ve cut all the trees away from the road. Interviewer: From around here . Mr . B: And that's what they want to do when they build a little county road now . Interviewer : Well I was really amazed when I came here a few weeks ago for the first time and saw what they had done to the road. Mrs.B: I wish you could ' ve seen this before, when we first came here it was terrible all the beautiful trees were down and Mr. B: For two years the dust came right upon my porch and we had to sweep it up in a dust pan and take . . Interviewer: While they were working on the road? Mr . B: While they were working on the road, yeah . Mrs. B: We didn't get to sit on the porch anytime. Mr . B: I had to redo my porch everywhere . Mrs. B: Had to take a hoe and scrape it . it . Just sprayed it before we painted If it were not for destroying so many beautiful trees and things .a nd stuff like that, a new road wouldn ' t be too bad . Interviewer : Well since this new road has been built and everything has this increased like the traffic? Mrs . B: Yes . They fly up and down this straight part through there . mortally fly . They just �23 Mr. B: We have to be careful going out, because they really come off that hill a flyin now. Mrs . B: I think it ' s created a lot of danger traps; the straight roads. Mr. B: You know, it's on the straight roads that people get killed more . Mrs. B: Some woman said to me not long ago she said I went over here you just come right down the mountain . Shooo! Into Minneapolis. Said a few years ago said it was so pretty and widening and said, and the beautiful trees, said it just ruined the looks of Minneapolis she said . Interviewer : (Laughter) Going into Minneapolis. I didn ' t even know I was in Minneapolis when I came here the other day; all of a sudden I was just there ' cause it just really, and trees would hang over the road. Mrs . B: Oh! So and in the fall especially, it was so pretty down through here, so many pretty maples. I did save my red bud tree. I wrote a poem to put on it and the highway men left it. Mr . B: It was 6 inches on their right of way, but they left it. Interviewer: You said something about a poem? Mrs. B: Yeah, I did . Interviewer: What did you write a poem about? Mrs . B: About the tree! Let me tell you about it. a couple had given us down at Charlotte . It was a beautiful blooming red bud. I had this red bud that It was about 12 feet tall . So I said to Wallace, I said, you know, I hate to see that highway take my red bud tree. I'm going to write a little poem and tie a red ribbon around it, around that tree and see if they'll save that tree. what I wrote . I said: So this is �24 I'm just a blooming red bud tree. Will you please leave me so the people who travel this highway, . . . I'm not getting that right. Wait just a minute, you ' ll have to rewrite this : I'm just a blooming redbud Will you please leave me For the people who travel this highway To enjoy and see the weeping redbud . And do you know, a day or two later or about a week later, this man c ame up and said, Mrs. Buchanan, we're going to leave your redbud tree . Mr. B: She put a red ribbon around it . Mrs . B: I put a red ribbon around that redbud tree and they didn ' t take that tree . Mr . B: They left the maple too . Hrs . B: I tied this red ribbon around this maple and saved the maple, it's the only trees . Interviewer : Well maybe somebody should ' ve , tied red ribbons around all those trees out there. Mrs. B: A lot of trees , yes. Interviewer : Well that ' s really beautiful , that ' s really beautiful . Mr . B: That scene right there is over at the picnic ground at Linville They wouldn ' t have taken alot . Falls, looking up the river . Mrs. B: It ' s a fall scene. You said, well now, they said it ' s, that's on the right a way just a little bit, they may not leave it . try it. Well I said I ' m going to I ' m going to make me up a little poem and sign it the W eeping Redbud, you know . Interviewer: Really? I don ' t know i f you ' re going to be willing to do this or not , but I was hoping to get this in while I was here talking to you . �2 s I was wondering if you wo ul d be interested in playing your organ for us on the tape . Mrs . B: Yes, I will. Interviewer : Well great ! Mrs . B: What do you want me to play? Interviewer : Just your favorite thing, whatever it is you like to play best . Mr . B: Did she tell you about this organ? Interviewer: Last time I was here you know, you can tell me some more about it. Mr. B: I ' d love for you to , if you would . You had bought this organ . It was orginally in a Presbyterian church . I picked it up at a second-hand store for $15 . Mrs. B: I'm going to play Marvin ' s favorite song when you and I were young . Mr . B: And we brought it down to the Christian church and Nell used it . She plays by (music begins) , she plays by shaped notes. (Music) Mrs. B: I don ' t think I can play it . Interviewer : Yeah, but that ' s okay, you can get warmed up. Mr . B: Play my favorite tune "Farther Along". You didn ' t tape that, did you? (Music ) Interviewer : Ohl That was real beautiful. Mrs . B: We might s.ing "Farther Along" . I really appreciate that . It ' s an old timey religious song. Would you like it? Interviewer : Sure, I ' <l love it if you would . Hr . B: Fellow came out from the University of North Carolina . He was gathering up ballads one way or another , and Nell , she used to sing a lot of ballads . Fact is, she went from Berea, they took her to Chicago one time to sing ballads . Interviewer: Boy ! �26 Mrs . B: Yeah, I made the trip. Mr. B: And he promised to send her one of the records of them . But he never did . Interviewer: Really? Mr. B: He was working on his Masters degree in the University of North Carolina . Interviewer: I'd be willing to send you this tape if you ' d like . Mr. B: I went to summer school in University of North Carolina in 192 7. Then I . . . first went in 1922 . Interviewer : Boy, you ' ve been to all kinds of places. Mr. B: I went to Columbia University in 1939. Mrs. B: I Summer school in that . could write a whole history about my life . I ' ve been . . . He never did tell you about when we got married . Interviewer : No, you didn ' t. Mrs . B: Let me tell you about it. Interviewer : Okay . Mrs. B: When I was living at Crossnore with my father and mother, and I had taught school for a couple of years and so I thought I had got a little bit of money saved up, decided I ' d get married. Well the a morning I got up it was/real rainy day on the third of July . So I decided I ' d better tell my mother , she didn't know I was going to get married . So I went upstairs and I said to my mother, I said, well I guess I ' d better take a bath and get ready to go. Well she said, where you going this morning, Nell? going to get married . And she $tarted to cry . I said, I ' m And my little baby sister was ten years old and she went downstairs and she said , Pa ! Says, Nell going go to get married this morning. she ' ll be picking her a bargain too . And said, Yeah, But anyway, a little while �27 Wallace came for me . He had a real roadster car. So I went to this old Dr . Tovitt, they called him, and got my health certificate and we were married in the Baptist church in Newland. Bridges married us . A Baptist minister. And a Rev . Well we came on and so I went on down to his mother ' s and father's and I stopped and I hanged from the dress I was married in to a dress that I could travel in. So we were going on down toward, over toward Asheville, and you know we heard this awful racket under the car . So he got out and stopped the car and there was all this barb wire that was wound around the wheel and he had to get out, now we're on our honeymoon mind you, and he had to get out of the car and take that off. Well we went on in to Asheville . We stayed, I don ' t know what hotel it was, but we stayed in a hotel that night. Next morning we ' re going to the top of Mt. Mitchell, but back in those days the roads were not very good . top of Mt. Mitchell. I mean it was just a graveled road to the So I said, well I have an uncle and an aunt living ? over at Canyon, says we can't go on to Mt . Mitchell, let's go over to see Aunt ~~~~~~and Uncle Walter . Well, while we were over there visiting with them, he said, you know we ' ve got that old house back in Minneapolis and we want to sell it to you. already planned to live down around Plumtree . But Wallace had But anyway Uncle Walter said I want to sell you that house . · He ;was in the timber business . of the car. So anyway we started home and a ball bearing burnt out And we went back home and my Uncle Walter and Wallace came back to Asheville and got the bearing fixed . and got the car started on the second time. And came back Well the ball bearing went out and he said I ' ll just go back and we ' ll trade with Uncle �28 Walter . So he gave us $600 for the old car . first payment on this house . And that was the Well Uncle Walter brought us to Asheville North Carolina, and we caught a taxi and now imagine what a taxi would cost, I don ' t know what it cost . Well anyway we caught a taxi . Mr . B: It didn't cost much that time. Mrs . B: Into Spruce Pine . Mr . B: And it wasn ' t a tar road anywhere . Mrs . B: And so we came on and when we got to Spruce Pine, ·' course . . . Mr . B: Well tell them about getting sick now. Mrs . B: Oh yeah. Coming across Bull's Gap the taxi driver had to stop ' cause I got sick . The ruts were about 6 inches deep . The car just went back and forth and back and forth . Mr. B : Even with chains on . Mrs . B: And I got sick and so I had to go on to vomit on my honeymoon, now mind you . Coming on home, well I got home to his home. We stopped. His mother was a midwife . Mr . B: We got to Spruce Pine and had to hire anoLher taxi. Mrs . B: Well I did . I told her that . And anyway we came on home and got to his house down at Spear, North Carolina , and his mother was gone delivering a baby somewhere . breakfast. Well the next morning I had to get up and get And of course I was embarassed being a new bride, I was just embarassed to get breakfast for his dad and well I guess that was all that was there. So we lived there for a few days then in the meanwhile we bought this place, of course, and we moved here in August 1, 1924. So we have lived here for SS years. 0£ course we improved the house . Mr. B: We ' ve rebuilt it 2 or 3 times . This same place. �29 Mrs . B: The house was really a mess when we came here because just squatters had lived here you know . But it's been a very delightful place to live and we have enjoyed 55 years of married life here . We think it ' s beauti ful and we love to live here . Enjoy having our friends come and see us. Let ' s sing them "Farther Along". Wallace, can you . . . sing the lead, now don ' t sing bass . Mr. B: You want me to sing the lead or the bass? Mrs . B: Well can you sing the bass with it? Mr . B: Yes, I can sing the bass. Mrs. B: Do you know the words? Mr . & Mrs. B: (Singing "Farther Along") ltrs. · B : I made some mistakes in that . Mr . B: Yeah, I did too . Interviewer: That was so nice, it really was . Mrs. B: We sang it at one of our church meetings . Interviewer: You must sing a lot . Mrs . B: Yeah . Interviewer : Well that's a real nice song to sing. Mrs . B: Well anything else now you want . . . Interviewer : Well now wait . Mrs . B: That he does, he does, but he don't. Mr . B: I haven ' t got it tuned up now . Do you? I'll tell you . . Is that one of the songs you sing? That's one we sing a lot. my life. That ' s a beautiful song . Sang it down at Saint Augustine too. I . . . does somebody play the banjo here? I made three banjos, homemade in It ' s down in Florida though . bterviewer: That ' s a real nice one . Mr. B : It's just not tuned up now . Mrs . B: You'll have to redo a lot of that because we made so many mistakes . Mr. B: Way back , back in my teens, I 'd take the banjo and I had one of these I ' ve almost lost the art of tuning it. frames, it's down in Florida, that you put a mouth organ in, and I'd �30 pick the banjo and play the mouth organ . And my dad had a drum that nis dad brought back from the Civil War and I beat that drum with my foot and I ' d make the music for country dances . Play "S ourwood Mountain" and different dance tunes like that (Sings) . . . . chickens is a crowing in Sourwood Mountain. Hey !Ho '! A diddle le a day ! My pretty girl lives up in the hollars . won ' t call her . She won ' t come and I Hey ! Hoop ! A diddle le a day ! (Laughter) Interviewer: That ' s really neat . Mr . B : Not anymore . Mrs . B: They have in the high schools, clogging . Mr . B : Just in the high school , clogging . Did people have dances around here a lot? But we used to have a dance at least once a month; country dance somewhere or other . Interviewer : Where did they usually have it? Mr. B : People's houses. Mrs . B: In the olden days they did . Mr. B: Just before Nell and I was married, we took her up to Dave Vances At people ' s homes? and we had, they took. Mrs . B: Played the old Virginia reel; what they called it. Mr . B: The old Virginia reel and square dancing. Mrs. B: Course they have the more modern dances now; you know . This Avery clog team and the square dance team-they ' re right famous . Mr . B: I do a lot of work like this. Interviewer : Oh that ' s nice. Mr . B : That's chestnut . Int el!viewe r : Yeah. Mr . B: Wormy chestnut . Make things like that . What kind of wood is this? Chestnut is a thing of the past now . The wormy chestnut, I see that . . �31 p~etty. Interviewer: That ' s real Mr . B: It ' s all made out . . . I ' ve got one in my bedroom there, it ' s all made out of one plank. there . I made it in my. . in Justice Hall over When I was over there in 1935 and 36 . Interviewer : Oh! Mrs . B: Yes, he has a workshop . Mr . B: Yeah , I have . Mrs. B: He made Francis Interviewer : Do you· have any other children besides Francis? Mr . B: I got, I got credit for 3 or 4 things that I · made · on art . Mrs.B : Show you these pictures here of the girls . ~~~~~~~~ down at Daniel Christian Church . grandaughter . That's a picture made That ' s Rickyl_ our oldest You see that? Interviewer: Yes mam . Mrs . B: I bet you saw that the other day . (Tape temporarily cuts off ) Mr . B: capital of the world do you? Interviewer : Uh huh, I sure do . Hr . B: I ' d say three- fourths of the people in this county are raising shrubbery that ' s shipped all over the United States . And it ' ll continue to be in the place of raising crops to eat . They ' re going to raise shrubbery and buy their, buy their. . . what they eat . Interviewer: Uh huh . Mr . B: I used to raise ooxwoods here . I guess I sold altogether during my lifetime, at least ten thousand dollars worth of boxwoods . Interviewer: Wow ! �32 Mr. B: That's these boxwoods growing right out : here, that's where he's making his living now. He sold a big lot out, right around here the other day. Mrs. B: She asked a question what you thought this would be a urban or a (phone rings) Mr . B: It'd be a urban. The whole county will be. won't increase too much. They want to get out. The town of Newland People don't want to live in town anymore. That's the general conception of a new life going on, is to get out in the country. Interviewer: Do you think that's a good thing? Mr . B: And that's really, yes, it's good. Interviewer: Do you think these people that are moving into the area that come from cities, do you think they're going to bring a lot of the really bad things about the city with them and do the same thing all over again? Mrs . B: Yes. Indeed they are. But we've already shown that they've brought into our county a lot of things that our people didn't know about. they've brought a lot of good things, but on _the o~her . hand, been a lot of wickedness and a lot of evil that's come Now there's into our country. We wouldn't of had . . . Mr . B: Well like up here on Beech Hountain, they brought in what we used to call blind tigers where they sell whiskey. You go into blind place and get whiskey or get it by the drink or get it by the bottle. Mrs. B: And on the whole I believe that probably it's not for the betterment of the county. As I say, there are a lot of good things about it, but it's brought, it's made a different way of life. have changed . I doubt if they ~ re for the good. A lot of things �33 Interviewer : Well. Mrs . B: I mean, that ' s my opinion . I ' d~~- onl¥ my opinion . opinion of a lot of people, you can discuss with people. I was talking to J . D. Ellis over here at . Interviewer : Okay. END OF TAPE For the I know � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Appalachian Oral History Project Interviews Description An account of the resource In 1973, representatives from Appalachian State University (ASU) began the process of collecting interviews from Watauga, Avery, Ashe, and Caldwell county citizens to learn about their respective lives and gather stories. From the outset of the project, the interviewers knew that they were reaching out to the “last generation of Appalachian residents to reach maturity before the advent of radio, the last generation to maintain an oral tradition.” The goal was to create a wealth of data for historians, folklorists, musicians, sociologists, and anthropologists interested in the Appalachian Region. The project was known as the “Appalachian Oral History Project” (AOHP), and developed in a consortium with Alice Lloyd College and Lees Junior College (now Hazard County Community College) both in Kentucky, Emory and Henry College in Virginia, and ASU. Predominately funded through the National Endowment for the Humanities, the four schools by 1977 had amassed approximately 3,000 interviews. Each institution had its own director and staff. Most of the interviewers were students. Outgrowths of the project included the Mountain Memories newsletter that shared the stories collected, an advisory council, a Union Catalog, photographs collected, transcripts on microfilm, and the book Our Appalachia. Out of the 3,000 interviews between the three schools, only 663 transcripts were selected to be microfilmed. In 1978, two reels of microfilm were made available with 96 transcripts contributed by ASU. An annotated index referred to as The Appalachian Oral History Project Union Catalog was created to accompany the microfilm. The catalog is broken down into five sections starting with a subject topic index such as Civilian Conservation Corps, Coal Camps, Churches, etc. The next four sections introduced the interviewees by respective school. There was an attempt to include basic biographic information such as date of birth, location, interviewer name, length of interview, and subjects discussed. However, this information was not always consistent per school. This online project features clips from the interviews, complete transcripts, and photographs. The quality and consistency of the interviews vary due to the fact that they were done largely by students. Most of the photos are missing dates and identifying information. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Collection 111. Appalachian Oral History Project Records, 1965-1989 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1965-1989 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed. Buchanan, Wallace Buchanan, Nell Interview Date 2/10/1976 Number of pages 33 pages Date digitized 9/23/2014 File size 16.1MB Checksum alphanumeric code cb5c8e77c4a8ab85b01168888696e91a Scanned by Tony Grady Equipment Epson Expression 10000 XL Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright for the interviews on the Appalachian State University Oral History Collection site is held by Appalachian State University. The interviews are available for free personal; non-commercial; and educational use; provided that proper citation is used (e.g. Appalachian State Collection 111. Appalachian Oral History Project Records; 1965-1989; W.L. Eury Appalachian Collection; Special Collections; Appalachian State University; Boone; NC). Any commercial use of the materials; without the written permission of the Appalachian State University; is strictly prohibited. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived AC.111 Appalachian Oral History Project Records; 1965 - 1989 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 111_tape479_Wallace&NellBuchanan_transcript_M Title A name given to the resource Interview with Wallace & Nell Buchanan [January 10, 1976] Language A language of the resource English English Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Buchanan, Wallace Buchanan, Nell Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="Appalachian Oral History Project Interviews, 1965-1989" href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/195" target="_blank">Appalachian Oral History Project Interviews, 1965-1989</a> Subject The topic of the resource Mountain life--Appalachian Region, Southern Appalachian Training School for Teachers (N.C.) Teachers--North Carolina--Interviews Appalachians (People)--North Carolina--Watauga County Appalachians (People)--North Carolina--Mitchell County Appalachians (People)--Kentucky--Berea Buchanan, Wallace Buchanan, Nell Description An account of the resource Wallace Buchanan, born in 1892 and a resident of Minneapolis, North Carolina has been a teacher for most of his life. He talks about his early education at Berea College, his time in the air force, and his time at Appalachian Training School. It was located exactly where Appalachian State University stands today, only smaller and exclusively for training teachers. He had many jobs, namely as a history teacher at Riverside School. Air Force Appalachian Inn Appalachian State University Appalachian Training School Avery County Bakersville Beech Mountain Berea College Elk Park Farther Along George Peabody highway Hughes iron ore mine Minneapolis Mitchell County N.C. mountain snow Nashville Nell Buchanan North Carolina organ Plumtree Riverside School Sourwood Mountain Tweetsie Railroad Wallace Buchanan https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/1635986a2a2a25391675deb1073e91b9.pdf 94c4da9f2d299b60f63d90b68256a110 PDF Text Text ����������������������������������������������������������������������� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Andrew Jackson Greene Collection Description An account of the resource The Andrew Jackson Greene Collection consists of more than 160 diaries written by Greene who describes Watauga County's education system, including Appalachian State Teachers College, cultural and religious life, and agriculture from 1906 to 1942. <br /><br /><strong>Biographical Note.</strong> Andrew Jackson Greene (March 2, 1883-August 12, 1942) was a life-long resident of Watauga County, North Carolina and instructor in several Watauga schools including Appalachian State Teachers College (A.S.T.C). Greene worked as a farmer, public school teacher, and college professor. Greene was an enthusiastic diarist maintaining regular entries from 1906 to the day before his death. He also recorded A.S.T.C. faculty meetings from January 9, 1915 to May 3, 1940. He married Polly Warren, and they had three children, Ralph, Maxie, and Lester. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Greene, Andrew Jackson, 1883-1942 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/190">AC.105: Andrew Jackson Greene Collection</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1906-1942 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">No Copyright - United States</a> Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Diary of Andrew Jackson Greene, Volume 31 [March 18, 1919 - July 19, 1919] Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Greene, Andrew Jackson, 1883-1942 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="Andrew Jackson Greene Collection, 1906-1942" href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/190" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Andrew Jackson Greene Collection, 1906-1942</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1919 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 76.9MB 71 pages Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 105_031_1919_0318_1919_0719 Description An account of the resource This diary includes daily entries from March through July 1919. In this diary Greene wrote about his work at Appalachian Training School, the weather, the church events, and members of the community. At this time, Greene was living and working in Boone, NC. Names mentioned in this diary include Professor D.D. Dougherty, Rev. Mr. Bradshaw, and Mr. Coble of Elk Park. Subject The topic of the resource Watauga County (N.C.)--Social life and customs--20th century Baptists--Clergy--North Carolina--Watauga County--Diaries Greene, Andrew Jackson, 1883-1942 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">No Copyright – United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Diaries Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. <a title="Andrew Jackson " greene="" collection="" href="https://omeka.library.appstate.edu/collections/show/39" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> Andrew Jackson Greene collection </a> Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. <a title="https://www.geonames.org/4497707/watauga-county.html" href="https://www.geonames.org/4497707/watauga-county.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> https://www.geonames.org/4497707/watauga-county.html</a> Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1910s Appalachian Training School Battery E. 113 Regiment of Field Artillery Boone church Community Elk Park Hodge's Gap Levois Field Mabel Mobile School at the Baptist Church Mr. Coble Professor D.D. Dougherty Rev. Ed. Hodges Rev. Mr. Bradshaw Rev. R.C. Eggers Sallie Warren Sermons Solomon Younce Yvonnie Ward https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/562b108e3d56ae716df8643756ed59a1.pdf 3ce78e344cb545c39303a293d84bd352 PDF Text Text ������������������������������������������������������� https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/a92989c61cb8a1891671ebb976f545b3.pdf 1fc37257f0ad5299696b4ea27ff1b50d PDF Text Text ������������������������������������������������������� https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/e2953d2395965f45e9ca6463eb56d4d5.pdf 2b793b5ef1cc05560eaa80b5b8f0a605 PDF Text Text Mar. 31.-- This is a fine day. Many of our people have the farming fever. To this time the farmers have done no work. It is a day occasionally that will do to work out of doors. In a short time the farmers can do much. About eight o'clock I start for Boone. I get to ride a part of the way. I am in Boone and am ready to work. This has been a busy season for me. I do not have a minute that I can call my own. I have some work pushing me all the time. I must be busy. APRIL Apr.l.-- This is known as All Fool's Day. Some of our student[s] take advantage ofthe situation in order to advertize [sic]. A few tried to start something all day, but they do not have any success. I have always been of the opinion that a man is foolish enough without putting forth any effort. At night I do some work. I am trying to complete my course in the University before this term of school ends. The hardest work that I have to do is paper work. A man can get so tired over old dull papers. I wish that I could be relieved from this job. Apr. 2.-- We are at our school work again. Our duties do not decrease. They multiply with the year. At times they seem more than I can bear. The weather is rather cool. I am loosing [sic] my courage. It seems that we can have no more good weather. The work of the school is getting heavier and heavier upon me. People expect more and more from a man. I try to be happy in the work. It brings something new to me every day. Apr. 3.-- This is one of the finest days on record. The groco (?) is in the pines near the school. They do not have a voice for singing. It always seemed to me that they are like some people--love to quarrel. It does seem so good that we can get out in the open air. We have been in the house so long. In school we do not find things going so easily. We have a crowd that do not care to work. They want to idle all the time. They do not care to work and do not care whether any one else works or not. Apr. 4.-- To our surprise we have snow today. It is the large-flaked kind. The ground is covered to a depth of three inches. The bushes and trees are covered completely. Late in the day the snow turns to rain. It is indeed a slushy time. After school I take a notion to loaf. I go to Cottrell's store and remain for more than one hour. I love to see the people come and go. I soon return to my room and engage in work. I enjoy writing in my book. I find so many things to record. I take some pride in writing of events. 902 �A J Greene Diaries . AprilS.-- This is a damp cool day. It is very dark and gloomy. In fact it is a dark, inhospitable time to work. I find that it is surprising how much the weather does affect us. In the afternoon I start home. I have three rides in a car and two rounds of walking. I find the road in a bad condition. After all the people keep going. By some means they do not let the bad section of road stop them for a minute. I arrive home. I am almost too nervous to rest. I must confess that I have had a hard week of it. When I arrive home, I find some matters waiting my attention. Apr. 6.-- The weather is threatening all the day. At times it rains; and at times the sky shows a little. We are not able to tell what will happen. I attend Sunday School at Willowdale. We have a good crowd present. There are always a few who are interested in the work. In the afternoon I make a collecting tour for the church. I do not have any success. I am pained to see how little some of our people are. They have the weakest excuses that men can invent. How horrible it is to see a man wrapped up in selfishness. April7.-- This is a fine day. It seems that spring has come to stay. The farmers are on the move. All are working at a crop. I go to Boone. The town is full of farmers. There is a great meeting to persuade the Commissioners to keep the County Agent. Much hot talk is indulged in. It seems that all is lost. We have many people who do not want any progress. They wish to stay in the old ruts. In the afternoon I come to my room and work. I have much writing to do. I push my affairs as fast as possible. April 8.-- The work for the week comes upon us. I find many things to do. The hardest thing that we have to contend with is the indifference of many students. This is a fine day. It makes is 120 glad because we do not have fire in our room and we can sit comfortably on the porch. It has been a long time since we could do that. After school I work. I find that I have a heavy program for this week. Some one is making demands on me all the time. I do not get time to rest. April 9.-- The good weather does not last all day. In the afternoon we have some showers. When the roads become good, the rain soon puts them out of commission. The first game of base ball is played on the local diamond. The rain puts an end to it. After school I go to town on business. I am surprised to see the building program for this town. A new building is started every few days. At night I go to the home of Supt. Hagaman on business. I have more than I can look after. 903 �Aprill 0.-- This is a dark day. At times the fog is so dense that we can not see far. There is some rain. In school the work is trying. I am too nervous to make any progress. It seems that there is more trying things than I can stand. We have so many people who do not care if they fail in their work. After school I take a bath. This revives me a little. I return to my room and write far into the night. I love to fix facts in my mind. Aprilll.-- This is an awful day. We have had some snow. It is the big flake kind. It melts as soon as it hits the ground. The remainder of the time it rain[s] . It seems that good weather is never corrung. I have been doing many things. I am telling a few. The last thing for the day is a test for a Geography class. I find that many of them have been playing on the job. There are not many people who take their seriously. They want some one to give them a lift without merit. April12.-- The weather is fine. It seems that spring has come at last. It is so lovely that we want to be out of doors. It pleases us that we do not need fire in our rooms. After the work of the day is over I start for home. I do not have to walk far. I ride in a car the greater part of the way. The car made time going down Brushy. At times I wanted the driver to go slower. I am glad to get home. I spend some time in reading. For a short time we visit Uncle John Smith. It seems that I do not get time to rest much. April13.-- This is the finest day that we have had in a long time. The mud is going rapidly. I am rejoicing that we can come out of our winter harness. At Sunday School we have a large crowd. Som of our people are learning that a Sunday School is worth something to a community. In the afternoon I make a trip in a car to Zionville. I have a fine trip. I am so tired that I want the trip so that I can rest. It is good for a man to have a change of scenes. It is a fine way to rest. April 14.-- I am out early and ready to work. The first job that I have on hand is sowing fertilizer. This is no light job. I soon conclude. In a short time I am on my way to Boone. I do not get to walk very far. I ride the biggest truck in our end of the county. After transacting some business I go to my room and start some work. I have many little things to do. The end of the school is near at hand. I work far into the night. There is not much hope that I shall ever be even in the work that I am doing. AprillS.-- This is a fine day. It does seem so good not to have fire and wraps. We have been looking for a long time for this event. I have had a fine day in school. There has not been any thing to defeat our progress or our pleasure. We have found out that a man can get pleasure out of his work. 904 �A J Greene Diaries . Late in the day I go to the store for a rest. There comes a time when a man needs to loaf some. It takes his mind from his work and gives a rest. A man can not be high all the time. April16.-- I am happy, because the weather is so fine. It is giving the farmers a fine chance to do some good work on the farm. In school we have a number of people who decide that they are in charge. To their surprise they find that others have charge of them. The worst thing that can happen to a boy is for him to think that he is too big to be under rules. I have arrived in a place where I can push my work. All this year it has been the reverse. I have had more than I can do. Large classes are hard on a man's nerves . April17.-- The weather is not so fine. There are indications that foul weather is at hand. It seems that is is a difficult job for good weather to come. It has been bad for almost four months. The farmers are far behind with their work. The time for planting com is almost at hand. In school we do not have as much work as we wish. Our people are becoming careless. The Junior-Senior reception is at hand. It is pulled off at White Hall. The usual hot-air is consumed. A man must grant people the right to act a fool occasionally. April18.-- The whole school is dull from last night's revalry [sic]. Those who did not indulge where 12 1 doing some idle act. The whole school has not made any preparation. Sometimes I think that a big "blow-out" is not worth what it costs. I manage to come to the close of day in fairly good .. . condition. At night I do a little work. I find that I need to sleep more. A man can not work all the time. In case that a man neglects his health he will have to pay the penalty. The law was made to be obeyed. April19.-- The morning is clear. We find all the students in an uproar. It is Easter and many are planning to visit. In fact many of them think that they are excused from all duties. I meet my first class and then I start to Cove Creek. I go to town. The jitney line is in operation and I am soon at the end of my journey. Before noon there is a class day exercise. It is done in good style. Dinner is served on the ground. In the afternoon Dr. J.D. Rankin delivers the address. The diplomas are awarded, medal and certificates are presented. Ralph receives the medal for scholarship and industry. April 20.-- This is a fine day. The air is cool. The mud is going rapidly. I go to the school to hear the sermon. It is preached by Rev. G. C. Teage, of Lenoir. It is on "Heart Culture". The impression is great. There are many people present. In the afternoon I attend church at Willowdale. The preacher has it up his sleeve for us. We get 121 Were? 905 �a general tuning up for going to close of schools. There is a general impression that a man is wicked that takes on any of the amusements of life. A sickly piety is to me contemptible. April21.-- I have it in mind to go to Boone early. I manage to get there by noon. I see many people in the town. There is great business activity in this place. Many new buildings are going up. The people keep coming this way. In the afternoon I work in my room. I have much work that needs attention. I am anxious to get all my papers graded. I am so tired that I do not work late. I manage to reture so that I canget even with my sleep. I am not able to work hard unless I have good rest at night. April 22.-- This morning I thought that rain was at hand. The clouds were low and dark. In a short time the sun shines. A stiff breeze blows and makes it a little unpleasant to be out. I have it rather easy with my classes. I find that no one has made much preparation for class. After a debauch we are not in shape for close mental work. The time for going home is at hand. We are beginning to pack our things. We must not wait for all to be on hand at once. April23.-- The breeze is a little strong today. In other respects it is a fine day. It has been a long time since we have had so much pretty weather at one time. The world has been good to me this day. All my work has gone well. It seems to me that life is wmth living. If a man is all right physically, he can do his work with pleasure. We are longing for the close of the school to come. A man certainly does get tired on one year. It is do the same thing day after day. The grind is hard on one' s nerves. There is no chance to rest. April24.-- I am on duty at the usual hour. I am not able to sleep the number of hours that many people can. I must come with the birds. The hardest time of the year is at hand. There are so many students who wish to loaf on the job. They do not care whether they do any work or not. In fact some of them are defiant in their attitude. I get "blue" in regard to the work in school. There are so many that just want to get by. I am sure that work to-day counts more than it ever has. April25.-- I am having a hard time. There are more things to do than I am able to comprehend. It is a difficult matter for me to keep every thing going. Pupils are hard to keep at work. They want to relax. In the afternoon I take a final examination on a University course. It takes me more than two hours to clear up the affair. There are so many talking in the room that I do not get on easily. By night I am too tired to rest well. Of late I am in such a position that I am not able to rest as I ought. I am nervous all the time. April 26.-- This is another fine day. I meet the duties of the day as they come to me. There is not a moment that I can call my own. Some one is making demands on my time all the time. I have 906 �A J Greene Diaries no time that I can call my own. In the afternoon I make a start for home. I do not have to walk far before I catch a way home. I am delighted to see my people. Sometimes I wish that I could be at home all the time. It seems that I am not able to rest as I ought. I am running on high. April 27.-- I try to read some on Sunday mornings. Often I have company to break into this arrangement. My time is not my own. It seems to belong to others. I attend Sunday School at Willowdale. There is a good crowd. We have some interest in the work. At times we seem to prosper; at others we seem to be going the other way. In the afternoon Rev. F. M. Huggins, of Boone, preaches for us. He delivers a fine discourse. Perhaps this is the last time that preaching service will be held in this building. It is soon to be tom down. Apri/28.-- I am up in the first part of the day. I go in a truck to Boone. In fact I get there in time for breakfast. This is moving too much for a man's good. This is, indeed, a rough day. It rains almost the entire day. The Freshmen do not get time to take their trip. This is doubtless disappointing to them. The day has been a busy one for me. I have been reading papers. Some time has been spent in the bed. At times I find that I must rest. I can do this better in the bed. Apri/29.-- We find some better weather. It is some cooler, but the rain has banished. I promise to go on a trip with the Freshmen. It seems that they are not able to agree. Therefore I am relieved of a job. At night I attend the Festival at the Courthouse. It is a musical number. I am sure that it is worth attending. It is given by four young ladies of Georgia. I think that the entire audience completely enjoyed every number on the program. It is late when we get in our bed. We are not able to rest as we ought. It disturbs me to be up late. Apri/30.-- We have some bad weather. There is some rain. It seems that we can never get rid of the mud in this town. In the school room we find many things to do. We are looking forward to the end. The work of the year will soon be over. In the evening I take in the second number of the Festival. This program is given by four Welsh Singers. There are many spicy things on the program. The most attractive thing to me is the singing of sub bass. This is the first that I have hear[ d] from the person performer. MAY May 1.-- Summer is coming soon and there is no farm work done. It is a late spring. There has 907 �been only a few days that the ground was dry enough to plow. I am not surprised that the farmers are discouraged. I take in the third number of the Festival. At this time we have a play with music. In many respects it is fine. It show[s] just what some people will do to get possesion of a title of nobility. I think that it is difficult for a teacher to take in a program and do their school work. It consumes all the time that I have. May 2.-- This is a fine day. We have many things that we can do. Duties come to us on every hand. I have more than I can do. After school I send my things home. I am leaving for the summer. It takes much of a man's time to pack and get ready for a move. A man has more little things to move than he is aware. The last of the Festival comes to-night. In my opinion I think that it is the poorest of the programs. I think that many of the items on the program are not true to life. May 3.-- This is the last day of the week. I have not had any idle moments during the past week. I am looking forward to some rest soon. I have done much work during the past year. In the afternoon I start for home. I love to get away from the grind and push of the school room. A man needs a change. In fact he must have it. At night I am at home. By some means I am too tired to rest well. There are so many things for me to look after. I do not have time to care for my family. May 4.-- Sunday morning greets us. We find it necessary to study our Sunday School lesson a little. A man can not do good teaching unless he knows something about the lesson. Mr. Ramsey from Boone is with us. He leads the singing. In the afternoon I go to Mabel in a car. We stay more than two hours. At this place we find them singing. They are getting ready for the County singing. This is a fine esercise to hold a community together. In many respects it gives the young people a job. May 5.-- During the night we had a death in the community. Aunt Jennie Dugger passed away. She has been sick for a long time. Early I catch a way out to Boone. I arrive in time to do a day's work. I have more on hand than I can do. I work at making out grades and inspecting note-books. At night I attend a musical recital. In many respects it is fine. It is a little lengthy. Some airs are put on and displayed. For many this is a great day. The name is the desired prize. May 6.-- The work of the last week starts. It seems that there are many people who are taking it lightly. At no time are the teachers worked harder. Many items must be summed up. All the year the grind has been going on. Many of us are willing for it to end. After the work of the day the deportment of the students is gone into. We find that the year has had many failures along this line. In this respect we have good years and bad years. The crops has · not been good this year. 908 �A J Greene Diaries May 7.-- The examinations start. I have three. This gives me all that I can do. The hardest work than any teacher has is reading and marking papers. It has been my lot to do much of this kind of work. After we have done our best, we are made sad by seeing so many of our students failing. The weather is fine. I am glad for the time to come so we can be out in the open. We have been in the house all the winter and spring. There has been no time for tramping and exercising. May 8.-- The final examinations come to a close. We manage to have the most of ours on record by night. I am glad that the long grind is over. I feel that I have done the poorest work ever. Some of the students have been hard to deal with. They have been indifferent to their work. At night I attend the play given by the Senior Class. I take the tickets at the door. I do not have the pleasure of giving close attention to all the details in the play. May 9.-- This is a great day for us. It is our Commencement day. Great events are on the program. At eleven o'clock Dr. A. T. Allen, Supt. of Instruction of North Carolina delivers the address. There are five graduates from the Normal School. In the afternoon the High School Department gives a program. This is one among the largest classes that we have had. This brings the school year to a close. Late in the day I get conveyance and go in home. I am glad that it is all over for the present. May 10.-- It seems strange that I have no school work on hand. I am not sure that I have any plans to rest and gather strength. By some means I have lost the art of resting. I permit little things to get on my nerves and destroy my peace of mind. The weather is bad. There has been much rain during the day. Truly it seems that warm weather is never coming. The spring is more than ten days late. Many of the people have no plowing; some have nothing planted. There is no need to worry about it. May 11.-- We have a rainy day. At times there is a little snow. Occasionally the sky can be seen. In all it is a dreary day. I am discouraged as to our progress in farming. The weather is making every thing so late. At Willowdale Sunday School we have a small number present. There are so many people who are easily discouraged. They think that there will be no one there, because the weather is so bad. In case that all think this we can have no meetings . All will remain at home. We must push. May 12.-- This morning we have rain. It seems that good weather is never coming. In a few high places snow is reported. At noon the indications are that we are going to have some fair weather. This is one day that has been hard on me. I have been almost too nervous to get on well. A few aggravating things have come my way. It seems that these things come our way when we are the least able to stand it. We need rest from all hateful annoyances. 909 �May 13.-- The weather is much better. I decide to make a trip to Tennessee. I catch the jitney at Vilas for Elk Park. This is a section of country that I have never been over. There are some heavy grades. At noon I am at Banner Elk. I arrive at Elk Park in time to catch the train for Elizabethton. At three thirty I am in the city. I see that many improvements have been made in the streets. From here I go to J. F. Egger's. I find him in the bed. I see many people that I have not seen in a long time. I hear fox news and other things of interest. May 14.-- I did not rest well during the night, but I am out early. With J. F. Egtgers I go to James Blair' s. He is a man eighty years old. At one time he lived in North Carolina. In company with him we board the train and go to see J. B. Williams in Sullivan County. We have a fine time. Mrs. Williams serves a good dinner. The day has been rainy. The clouds have been low all the day. It seems that we can not have good weather. The spring is very late. May 15.-- Last night I stayed with Mr. and Mrs. Calvin Eller. We have a pleasant time. Of course the ideas that they have do not agree with mine. Before noon we go to Grant Laurance's just north of Elizabethton. We find them very well situated. Our next stop is at John Sherrill's in the lower part of the town. Late in the day we visit the home of Charles Swift. We find them in a good home in a favored part of the town. At the close of the day we returned to Mr. Eggers' in a tired and hungry condition. May 16.-- This is a day full of events. I walk to Abner Egger's in lower Turkey town. In the afternoon he drives me to Johnson City, Tennessee. This is a fine town. We visit the Normal School. I see several of the buildings. The Department that interest[ s] me most is Manual Training. Prof. Wilson shows us all his tricks. I think that this is one among the finest things that I have ever seen. At night I take my first fox hunt. It delights the hunting instincts in a man. May 17.-- I walk from T. A. Eggers' to J. F. Eggers'. The night was a little cool and in many places there was frost. I remain at Mr. Eggers' until noon and then I make a start for home. I catch the one thirty train for Elk Park. At three I transfer to the jitney at Elk Park for Vilas. We have a good long run. On the way we see much scenery. Some of the road is very narrow and crooked. At five o'clock I am at home. At night we attend the Bible study at our church. It is the first .day that we have used it. May 18.-- The new day greets us. We have Sunday School for the first time. We have ninetytwo present. Our collection for the new church is thirty-five dollars. At eleven o'clock Rev . Urriah Farthing preaches on the Communion. He holds the fort for one and a half hours. Many of us are tired. At three and at night we have a Bible study. This is a fine thing, but only a few are able to take a part in it. We do not have many people who make a study of the Bible. 910 �A J Greene Diaries May 19.-- We commence a new week by working. We plant a crop of beets in our garden. These are are [sic] to feed our cow. There are many things that will help us out in putting a cow through the window.122 A part of the day is consumed in hoeing potatoes. I find that we must commence in time to keep the weeds from our crops. We complete our crop before night. Today we have our first ground for com broken. It has been a terrible time to get plowing done. The weather has been bad and teams are scarce. May 20.-- We plant our first com today. In the morning we plant in the garden. We also plant some more potatoes in our garden. It seems that we can never get all our crop out. In the afternoon we plant some com in the Oklahoma field. We do not plant just a little more than one acre. In the afternoon there is a church wedding at Cove Creek Baptist Church. This is the first one in the new church. The parties are Miss Goldie Moody and William D. Wilson. This is one of the great events of our community. May 21.-- I have a busy day. I am on the go. I walk to Mabel this morning. In that place I find a new store. I visit my old home. By some means I am not content. The rain keeps me in for sime times. At three o'clock I start for home. I am so nervous that I walk rapidly. By the time that I get to Sherwood I am almost too tired to rest. Miss Grace brings me home in her new car. After all the best of any trip is getting home. I am tired enough to rest, but my trouble is that I become too tired to rest well. May 22.-- This is a fine day. It is one in which we can work if we wish. Before noon we plant some more com. This finishes our crop. At noon I go to the store. I find that I owe the merchant much. This troubles me much. It seems that it is hard for me to keep even with the world in finances. There are so many things that we think that we ought to have. I see no chance for me to have an easy time. My rood looks dark and gloomy. May 23.-- This is a fine day. The sun shines warm, but the breezes are a little cool. This morning we have some frost, but as far as I can learn there has not been any damage. It is rare that frost comes this late in the season. Before noon I engage in my favorite past time, cutting stove wood. This is one game that I am very much in love with. I love to see the wood house full of it. In the afternoon Mrs. Greene and I plant some pumpkins. We put these in the famous Oklahoma field. We are looking forward to some good eating. May 24.-- I am off to Boone on a business trip. Mr. James Miller carries me over. I do not have 122 Surely he means winter. 911 �to stay long until I am ready to return. I start for home walking, but Thomas Banner takes me home. • I am home before the day is half gone. In the afternoon I go to the store. This is a good place to hear the gossip of the neighborhood. In truth it is about the only place that we have for the exchange of social fellowship. The country store has its place in the community life. May 25.-- This is a fine Sunday. The weather is cool and pleasant _ll the day. My first duty is a to prepare the Sunday School lesson. At School we have a good crowd. There is some interest among the people. We have a few who are pulling in the opposite direction. In the afternoon I visit Mr. J. B. Elliott. We have such a fine time that I stay until almost night. It does seem so good that we do not hear the noise of cars. A man loves to have some quietude at times. We are certainly going at a break-neck-speed. Where shall we stop? May 26.-- The first thing that we have on our program is hoeing potatoes. We make a finish of these before noon. Often I think that it is fine to be a farmer. The weather is fine. It is a growing day. Late in the evening there is an indication of rain. It seems that we have the most changes. Just afternoon I sweep the church house. This is no bad job. In doing this well there is much skill. I find that it is no light job. This work is important, because it must be done before better things come. May 27.-- We have some rain. It is too bad to do any work on the farm . The rain is cold. Vegetation will not grow under this kind of conditions. In the afternoon I go to Sherwood's store. I have a fine time. It has been a long time since I have been in such congenial company at the store. In fact the company is so fine that I have not enjoyed myself so well in a long time. Upon my return I get in the rain. I am wet a little when I arrive at home. It is a hard job to cross the hill when it is slick. May 28.-- To-day I remain in my room and study. I have not done much in my books for a month. I have not had any place to study. At last I have a den and am able to have a place for study without so much noise and confusion. It seems that I have more to contend with than any one. In the afternoon I go to Sherwood' s store again. I need some things in my work. A man cannot write unless he has some paper. Before night I am at home again. May 29.-- We have a variety of weather. Late in the day it is the warmest that it has been in a long time. By night there is a fine breeze. In the early morning we have some thunder. During the day I work some. I put out some sweet potatoes. It is no time for planting and cultivating crops. I find it no easy job to keep all the work going. In the afternoon I go hunting for a short time. The wind blows too much for game. I enjoy seeing the refreshing woods. Nature is fine. 912 �A J Greene Diaries May 30.-- This is a cool day. It seems that it is hard for the weather to become warm. Nothing can grow under conditions like this. I have not been able to work much. I saw some wood and make one trip to the store for some flour. I commence a fourth course in the University. This is Educational Sociology. I feel sure that I shall enjoy it when I get started. Graydon Eggers leaves our place for Cincinnati, Ohio. He seems to dread the trip. It is a hard undertaking for him. May 31.-- This is a fine day. I attend to some business. There is much for us to do. A man never gets his work complete. The older that he gets, the more that he is expected to do. Today we have had bean planting on hand. This is the latest that we have ever planted this crop. It does not take us long to put this crop out of our way. Before breakfast I sow fertilizer. This give[s] me a good appetite for eating. In just a short time we are at other things. In the afternoon we help Uncle John Smith hoe com. JUNE June 1.-- This is Sunday. It is one among the hardest days that I have. It is going against one thing after another. At Sunday School we have a good crowd. We have some interest in this kind of work in our community. Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Brown have dinner with us and spend the afternoon. We have a splendid time. Late in the afternoon I go to my old home at Mabel. I go in a car. I am there in a short time. The people seem glad to see me. We have a splendid time. June 2.-- During the night there is some rain. The ground is too wet to work for a short time. I rest and try to content myself. I commence to hoe potatoes. At noon I do not have half of them worked. I take a long rest. By a little help I finish at five o'clock. I am very tired, but I make a trip upon the hill to see how the farm is. By the time that I regum to the house I am tired enough to rest. I have a good supper and soon retire for the night. I have had a good day. June. 3.-- This morning I am out early. I have a good breakfast. In a short time I am on my way home. I walk to Mabel. I remain here only a short time. On my way down the highway I am picked up and carried home in a car. It is surprising how far that a man can go in a day. Upon getting home I find my mail waiting for me. I spend a part of the day in reading it. After all the best of a journey is getting home. A man never knows what it means unless he has it broken up. 913 �June 4.-- I am at home all the day. I have a pleasant time. Some of the time is spent with my books and papers. This is a great pleasure for me. I try to read some each day. Another job that I enjoy very much is cutting wood. I have a part of my time for this word. 123 Beside the enjoyment and the usefulness of this job it contributes to health. Much can be added to our well-being by physical exercise. In all we are figuring that manual labor is one of our wholesome exercises. June 5.-- To-day we have several things on our list. The first that comes our way is hoeing Irish potatoes. By noon we have a complete job. Our crop is fine and we have some encouragement to work. The sun is warm, the land is rich, and the crop is growing. What more do we need to make us happy? In the afternoon we rest some. I visit the home of J. B. Elliott. He is sick. He has not been well for a long time. It seems that he is not able to regain his health fully. By night I return home. The day has been real warm. June 6.-- This is a fine day. In fact we have had no finer in a long time. It is a splendid time for crops to grow. Today I hoe com for Mr. Elliott. We have a fine time. I hoe much more and much longer than I expected. The piece is too large for us to finish in one day. Upon my return home I find Mr. Speer. He is a painter from South Carolina. He has traveled much and delights in telling what great things that he has seem. In due time I should tire of his gab. June 7.-- I am in Boone early. This is the Primary for the state. The candidates for the fall elections are chosen today. There seems to be a few who want to run the affairs of the party. How wise many of them are! By nine o'clock I am at home. In the afternoon Mr. Mast and I put up a scaffold in order that the painter may finish our church. It seems that we have a tough time in getting a few little things done. What is every body' s business is nobody' s business is an adage worth remembering. June 8.-- Sunday is one among our most busy days . We organize a Bible class for the young people. We know that youth is the time to learn many of the good things of life. In Sunday School we see this exhibited. A crowd of men do not know much about the book. We take tinner with Mr. W. H. Brown. We remain until late in the day. The afternoon is pleasant. This is our best way to rest. I cannot get much rest in a crowd. A noise does not contribute any thing to our pleasure. We love a quiet comer. We abhor a crowd. June 9.-- The weather is fine. It is exceedingly warm. In the afternoon we have a light shower. It seems that summer time has come at last. We have been longing to have hot, sunshiny days. The first thing that we have on our program is hoeing in the garden. We have some com and 123 Work? 914 �A J Greene Diaries potatoes. At no time have we had finer vegetables in our garden. At noon we go to Oklahoma to hoe some corn. Uncle John Smith does the plowing. Before the rain runs us out of the field we have the plowing done and a greater part of the hoeing. This is a fine piece of corn. June 10.-- Early this morning we go to Oklahoma field and finish hoeing our corn. The rain of the past evening did not wet the ground very much. From here we go to Uncle John Smith's corn and finish hoeing it. When we get a number of hands in a field it does not take long to do the work. At noon the boys go to Mabel to work their potatoes. They seem anxious to make the trip. It seems that we have many things to look into. During the afternoon I remain at home. I spend some time on my books. It seems that I have so many things to do that I can not study much. June 11.-- The weather is not settled. We had some rain during the night and some during the day. The ground is not in good condition for working. It does not remain in first class condition very long. To-day I remain at home. I cut some wood. On my wood yard I put the limbs to be cut in one pile and those to be sawed in another. By some means I love to work at wood. Using an axe is attractive to me. We do not find any exercise that is better. I suppose that it is in a man to be destructive. June 12.-- The first thing that we have on hand is the fixing of our grinding stone. Father Walker and son can do things in the shop. They make a hoe for me. The blade is made from a bandsaw. I have never seen any thing that cuts better. In the afternoon I go to Sherwood's store. I have a pleasant trip. While I am there, it rains. Mr. Sherwood is a lively chap. He meets all the drummers and the customers good-naturedly. He has the qualifications for a successful merchant. June 13.-- This is a day long to be remembered. The day is fine until late in the day. Before noon we read a little. At noon we commence to hoe our corn, but we have to stop owing to rain. We have a storm of rain, hail and wind accompied [sic] by thunder and lightning. There is rarely a farm that it does not wash. Much damage is done to growing crops. Near Hunter, Tenn. about one dozen people lost their lives. The railroad was torn up so that the train can not run. This is one among the worst storms that has come to this section in a long time. June 14.-- The day is pretty. The effects of yesterday's storm may be seen on every hand. In a few days the wounds will be healed and we shall not lament our loss. This morning I go to the store. I return and work until noon. I engage in reading. In the afternoon I attend service at Willowdale Baptist Church. We have a good crowd present. Many people come to see our new church. After this is over I go to the Store again. Here we find many people coming and going. This is a center of travel. June 15.-- Sunday has come and it is a day full of events. The first thing that I have on the 915 �program is a Bible class. This is composed of children. The Sunday School Lesson is next. We find it an interesting one. Attorney John Houston Bingham delivers a fine address. Rev. E. C. Hodges preaches at the eleven o'clock hour. From here we go to a birthday celebration at John H. Bingham's. About one hundred people take part in the celebration. We have a fine time during the afternoon. We assemble in groups and have a fine social hour. To all the day passes too soon. June 16.-- I am at home the greater part of the day. Before noon I read and prepare a lesson. There are many things that I can do, but I am not in a mood to work. In the afternoon I go to Boone with Mr. Charles Tester. We remain for some time in the town. We see many people that we know. Late in the day we start for home. It does not take long to make the trip. The car has brought us very near each other. The principle items of the trip are Bordeaux dust and flour. We have two things out of the way for the present. June 17.-- Before noon we hoe some corn. The late rain has caused the soil to run together, and this makes it very hard and difficult to hoe. I hoe until noon without water or resting. This is more than a man ought to do. The days are exceedingly hot. This makes it very uncomfortable. In fact it is too hot to sleep well at night. In the afternoon we hoe corn for Uncle John Smith. We have an interesting time. The greatest curiosity is the begging of Stacy Grayson for his grandpa to allow him to go swimming. June 18.-- The first dive that we make is hoeing our corn in the garden. We do not complete it until Uncle John is on hand to plow our beans. By noon we have them finished. There is one beauty about this crop, it does not take many working[s]. The beans are looking well. This crop is fine for the land. After we eat dinner, we hoe in Uncle John Smith's Corn. Long before night we have it finished. I must confess that I am tired enough to rest. It has been almost too hot for me to work. I am sure that it is a growing season. June 19.-- Our boys take a hunt. I suppose there is no one in all the land that enjoys a hunt as well as they do. It is not long until they return with some squirrels. In the afternoon Ralph brings a big groundhog in. It seems that we are well-supplied with meat. This morning I go to John Bingham's to get some honey. I find him at home and in a congenial mood. He takes great delight in showing me his lands. By ten o'clock I manage to make my escape. I must confess that it is a hot time to come home. June 20.-- We engage in hoeing until noon. The first is some corn, the second is our bean botton, 124 and finally we finish the corn in the field of clay. All our crops are looking well. 124 Bottom? 916 �A J Greene Diaries Uncle John Smith invites us to a groundhog dinner. To say the least it is by no means bad eating. In addition to this we had many other good things to eat. Upon my return I remain at home and studied my books. I went to the church and swept it out. It is no light task to keep a public building in good shape. June 21.-- This morning I make a trip to Dock Mast's store. I do not feel like traveling much. I do some shopping. I have a pleasant stay at the store. I make an effort to get home before noon. In fact I am too sick to be going. At noon I commence to write, but I leave the job and go to the store. For some time I remain at the store and see the sights of the town. I return home very sick. It seems that I have much trouble. It is just one thing after another. I do not feel well any more. I am sick during the night. June 22.-- This is a fine [day?]. There are some clouds, but we have no rain. The day is warm and growing. The day has been hard on me. I have been sick almost all day. I do not think that I have been so sick in a long time. I begin the day by studying. I have to make some preparation before I teach a class. At Sunday School we have a fine time. The Bible class has many interesting doings. In the afternoon we remain at home. How good it does seem for us to remain at home with no one to bother us! It seems that we have little family life. June 23.-- I have been on the sick list. I find that I need a doctor. I call in Dr. G. D . Bingham. Je gives me some medicine and I get easy. In the afternoon I feel worse. I suffer some late in the day and at night. During the day I manage to read some. In the afternoon I finish writing a lesson. By some means I am not able to study as I like. As one becomes older, it seems that he has less time for study and meditation. Our duties, as well as our troubles, multiply. The burdens of life become heavy. June 24.-- To-day we have had some rain. The gentle showers refresh all the earth. In the intervals between showers we have some intense sunshine. I have been in all day. I have not been so sick as I was yesterday. A man can get in bad shape in a short time. I need some rest very much . During the day I have read as much as possible. I find many interesting things in the current magazmes. It seems to be a part of my nature to read good books. There are many fine things for us to read. June 25.-- I am not able to do much. I am at home taking some rest and medicine. In the afternoon I go to Mabel. I go in a car with two men from South Boston, Virginia. They are very much interested in the mountains. At Mabel I see the same old crowd. This is a town that does not improve much. By the time that I get home I am too tired to do any thing. I am not strong enough to exert myself much. 917 �June 26.-- The first job that I have on hand is dusting potatoes. It is wet and disagreeable. I go to Mabel to see the tour from Winston-Salem. This is get-acquainted-crowd. There are about fifty cars and one hundred seventy-five people. They seem to be having the time oftheir lives. At noon I come home with the mail. We have many places to stop. I think that we have more offices than any county in the state. In the afternoon I remain at home. I read and try to rest. I do not feel able to work. June 27.-- The weather has taken a change. We are having some fine days. The ground is dry enough to work. · Before noon I help pick some cherries. I must confess that this is a man's job. I finish the job at noon. We have all that we wish. In the afternoon we hoe some com. It is warm and we expect it to rain, but the rain does not come and we finish long before night. Some of this com is fine. It looks as if we might reap for our labors. June 28.-- I am out real early. I go to Boone on a truck. At six o'clock I am at the Old Muster Field. From here I walk to Meat Camp. I am at my journey's end early. The Fifth Sunday Meeting is to convene here. At ten o'clock the meeting comes together. L. C. Wilson is chosen Chairman and the writer secretary. Rev. G. W. Trivett preaches. The discussions during the afternoon are good. After the meeting I go to Seymour Jones' for the night. Aunt Betty Greene lives here. She has been sick for more than a year. June 29.-- At Meat Camp Church I teach a class in Sunday School. We have an interesting school. Rev. Uriah Farthing preaches. At the noon hour there is a fine dinner on the ground. There is a large crowd of people present. The afternoon session is good. Many good speeches are made. After the close I come to Boone with F. M. Huggins. From here I come a part of the way with Joseph Hayes and a part with Russell Henson. Late in the day we have a storm. In some places it is severe. June 30.-- This morning I dust my potatoes. This is a hard job. The vines are wet and a man comes out in a mess. In the afternoon I go to Boone in a car with Dr. Dick Bingham. We have a fine and successful drive to town. After attending to some business we attend the Democratic Convention. The party puts a full ticket in the field. It is composed of good men. It seems that thee are not many men who are intensely interested in politics. We have a faithful few that keep the ball rolling. We return home before night. This has been a pleasant day. JULY 918 �A J Greene Diaries July 1.-- I am at home. I am not feeling well enough to do much work. I do some little jobs about the house. We have so much rain that we are not able to do much on the farm. I do some work about the garden. There is always some little job that a man can do to make it look bettern. Late in the day the potato inspector comes. He finds ours in good condition. The vines are a little heavy. This makes a condition that is favorable for blight. July 2.-- The people are anxious for the Democratic Convention in New York to name a candidate. This is the whole theme of the papers. It seems that a deadlock is on hand. The life of the party is at stake. We do many things at home. We have some work that we are trying to get off. I am not able to work at it as much as I wish. The bad weather keeps us from working at our crops. By some means we are not able to get as much done as we once could. We do not have the patience. July 3.-- The weather is still dark and gloomy. It rains just enough to keep us from working our crops. It is not good policy to cultivate when the ground is too wet. In the afternoon I go to Boone for a load of coal. I ride on a wagon. It is not such good sport as going in a car. Weh ave much fun. The most pleasing sight is the potato crop. The acreage is large and the growth of the crops has never been better. July 4.-- I visit Aunt Polly McBride. She has been sick for a long time. By some means she has always seen the dark side of life. From here I go to the cheese factory. A crew of hands is building an addition for the manufacture of Swiss cheese. There has been much passing today. This is a holiday and many people have taken an advantage of it. In the afternoon I visit the store at Sugar Grove. There is nothing here to excite us. It does not6 take me long to tire at a store. July 5.-- The first job that I have is doing some work on the church. Mr. Mast and I tear down a scaffold and clean up the yard. In our opinion we think that it improves the looks of the situation. In the afternoon I attend the Masonic Lodge at Sugar Grove. I have been a member seventeen years, but I have not been in the Hall in fourteen years. There is work in two degrees. We have a splendid time. It is late in the day when I arrive home. July 6.-- We have a fine Sunday School at Willowdale. Attorney John E. Brown is with us and makes a brief talk. At noon we dine alone. It seems so good for us to have a few minutes to ourselves. I visit W. W . Campbell. The rain keeps me there for some time. W. Y. Perry and family come to see us. We have a pleasant afternoon. Rain commences about one o'clock. It is one downpour until night. We are sure that the ground 919 �is too wet for some time. Crops must wait. July 7.-- I work at a lesson. There is so much talk that it disturbs me in my work. I love to have a quiet time for study and meditation. The papers do not bring us any news of importance from the Convention in New York. In the afternoon I go to Mabel. This is a long hard trip. It is almost night when I get there. We have some rain late in the evening. It seems that clear weather is never coming to us. July 8.-- This morning I have a tough time. I dust some potatoes. It is the wettest time that I have ever been out. It is as difficult as wading a stream of water. Upon the completion of my job I start for home. I walk about three miles. I catch a car and come home. I am satisfied that I have a good place to live. In the afternoon I read and do some work about the house. We visit the neighbors. There are many things for us to do. It seems that we are not able to keep even. July 9.-- This is one day that I do not do much. We are at home. I am at a loss to know how to rest. There are so many sorry little things to provoke a man. I long for the time to come when I can rest from all my cares. It seems that the older a man becomes, the more that the cares of life pile upon him. I can see no end to my cares. For many days we have had much rain. The ground has been too wet to work our crops. The weeds are doing well. July 10.-- Before noon we do not do much work. We are waiting for the ground to dry. It seems that our crops have had to wait a long time. In the afternoon we plow our com and beans. Doughton is plowboy. It is not long until he is at the top of the hill. Before night we have the com hoed. From the field of labor the boys go to the cherry trees. A boy can rest so quickly. He relaxes his muscles a few minutes and he is ready to go. This is not true with a man. He has long ago lost the art of resting. July 11.-- The first job that I have on my program is picking cherries. Doughton and I pick and bring in nine gallons before noon. They are nice ones. These are the kind that keep well, and the kind that I love to eat. In the afternoon Doughton and I work in our beans and com. We finish the garden. Mr. De Vane, from Red Springs come[s] to see us. We visit the Yates' place. Upon our return we eat at W. J. Mast's our first mud turtle meat. Just at night Roe Warren, Homer Eggers, and J. F. Eggers from Elizabethton come to see us. July 12.-- I mow a little clover this morning. It is heavy cutting. The heat almost gets the best of me. At crowd from Elk comes along and I go with them to see a ball game at Mabel. Just as we arrive there there is a hard rain. It looks as if there will be no game. In the afternoon the rain ceases 920 �A J Greene Diaries long enough to play. The game is exciting and full of humor. The run in the truck is exciting. We come down Cove Creek at an [sic] rapid rate. I am glad when it is time to stop at my home. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Andrew Jackson Greene Collection Description An account of the resource The Andrew Jackson Greene Collection consists of more than 160 diaries written by Greene who describes Watauga County's education system, including Appalachian State Teachers College, cultural and religious life, and agriculture from 1906 to 1942. <br /><br /><strong>Biographical Note.</strong> Andrew Jackson Greene (March 2, 1883-August 12, 1942) was a life-long resident of Watauga County, North Carolina and instructor in several Watauga schools including Appalachian State Teachers College (A.S.T.C). Greene worked as a farmer, public school teacher, and college professor. Greene was an enthusiastic diarist maintaining regular entries from 1906 to the day before his death. He also recorded A.S.T.C. faculty meetings from January 9, 1915 to May 3, 1940. He married Polly Warren, and they had three children, Ralph, Maxie, and Lester. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Greene, Andrew Jackson, 1883-1942 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/190">AC.105: Andrew Jackson Greene Collection</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1906-1942 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">No Copyright - United States</a> Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Diary of Andrew Jackson Greene, Volume 50 [March 31 - July 12, 1924] Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Greene, Andrew Jackson, 1883-1942 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="Andrew Jackson Greene Collection, 1906-1942" href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/190" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Andrew Jackson Greene Collection, 1906-1942</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1924 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 51.3 MB 55 pages Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 105_050_1924_0331_1924_0712 Description An account of the resource This diary was kept by Andrew Jackson Greene from March 31st through July 12th in the year of 1924. In the daily entries, Greene includes information about what he has accomplished that day, his opinions about certain events of the day, and who he has visited with recently. He also gives insight into what is happening in the school, the church, and throughout the community. Subject The topic of the resource Watauga County (N.C.)--Social life and customs--20th century Baptists--Clergy--North Carolina--Watauga County Greene, Andrew Jackson, 1883-1942 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">No Copyright – United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Diaries Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. <a title="Andrew Jackson " greene="" collection="" href="https://omeka.library.appstate.edu/collections/show/39" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> Andrew Jackson Greene collection </a> Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. <a title="https://www.geonames.org/4497707/watauga-county.html" href="https://www.geonames.org/4497707/watauga-county.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> https://www.geonames.org/4497707/watauga-county.html</a> Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1920s Boone Cottrell’s Store Cove Creek Baptist Church Dock Mast’s Store Elk Park Festival at the Courthouse Graydon Eggers J.B. Elliot J.B. Williams J.F. Eggers James Miller Jennie Dugger Junior-Senior Reception Masonic Lodge at Sugar Gove Meat Camp Normal School Rev. J.C. Teague teacher Uncle John Smith Vilas Weather Willowdale https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/4743dc2ef0e6271ab4c1849404d68d78.pdf acabacef6e87de20fb1f713c9db3c2e7 PDF Text Text ����������������������������������������������������������������� https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/4758ab4eb7f0595d5f0856a754e932a1.pdf 3aaa32c33b7f20f84a777d7315330001 PDF Text Text June 13.-- This morning it is densely cloudy. It looks as if the rain is going to fall every minute. The expected shower makes our hearts glad, but our joy is soon returned to sorrow. The clouds begin to break and the sun comes out in all his glory. It seems now that it never will rain. It is a time of gloom. This morning we hoe the com in the garden. We rush in order to escape the rain, but the weeds 983 �are ready for the sun to scorch. In the afternoon we remain at home. There is some comfort in reading and meditating upon the good things of life. June 14.-- This is a fine day. The drought continues. Many of us are blue in regard to the weather. We think that every thing is going to dry up. At Sunday School we have a large number. Rev. Wagner Reese, of Kentucky, preaches for us. His theme is "Faith". He handles his subject well. His voice is very strong. In many respects it is an able discourse. For dinner we have Mr. Spears, of South Carolina; A. I. Greene, of Bone; and G. H. Thomas, of Mabel. I remain at home all the afternoon. We have a very pleasant time. June 15.-- This morning I go to Boone on business. I have no success in seeing the parties that I wish. I attend court for a short time. This is a civil term. Judge Harding, of Charlott, is presiding. He is one among the best of our judges. I return home by noon. In the afternoon we hoe some com. It is dreadfully dry. The dust is about all that we can can stand. Just a little after dark the gentle rain begins to fall. The people must feel grateful for this shower, for we have been wanting it for many days. June 16.-- All the plant world seems refreshed. The shower has done a wonderful thing. It has renewed our hopes for a bountiful crop. Our com is hoed for the first time. It is the largest that we have ever had for its age. It is kneehigh. The ground is in the finest condition for working that I have ever seen. By noon the com is stirred. In the afternoon we have some com plowed. Beside this we put out some cabbage. This is the hardest work that I ever do. June 17.-- We hoe our com at Uncle John Smith's. We work until noon. We have to stop on the account of rain. At noon we go to A. C. Mast's & Co's store on business. By two o'clock it is dry enough for us to be in the field working com. Just as we finish we have another rain. This time it comes hard and the ground is wet. This shower is fine on plants. This year there has not been much season for transplanting. The ground has been very dry. It is rare for it to be this way here. June 18.-- This is a great day. We screen our house. The flies have been making us very uncomfortably [sic]. In fact the comfort of not being tormented with the flies is worth all that it costs. In the afternoon I go to Mr. W. F. Sherwood's on business. We have a pleasant hour with him. I also stop a short time at the home of Will Payne's. At night I attend a box supper at the High School Building. It is a late hour before it is over. I must confess that it is a tiresome job to be up so late. I do not sleep until after midnight. 984 �A J Greene Diaries June 19.-- All who had a hand in the debauch of last night are feeling tough today. I must confess that I am not able for much. I try to sleep a little twice. I do not make much headway at it. I think that some of us will not be so anxious to go to the next one. During the day I do very little work. I am too tired and stupid to succeed at any job. I try to regain what I lost during the past night. June 20.-- Today I have been sick. I have to eat the second breakfast. This does not put a man in good condition for the duties of the day. Food does not taste the best to me. I work in my potatoes. They are reviving from the frost. We expect to make some good potatoes. The comfry [?]is mean to get out of them. It makes the work slow. I visit Conly Glenn, a sick man. He is threatened with fever. He is cheerful and is not likely to get low. June 21.-- Today we have one of the finest days that we have had in a long time. There is scarcely a cloud to be seen any where. At Willow dale we have a large Sunday School. Some of our people are careless in regard to their attendance. From here Mrs. Greene, Mr. and Mrs. Floyd Smith, Master Paul Smith and I go toJ. A. Warren's at Silverstone for dinner. We remained the greater part of the afternoon. We have a splendid time. We return home by night. June 22.-- This is becoming a great day with me. Nine years ago I quit using tobacco. I have no regret to record. My opinion is that is one among the wisest moves that I have ever made. It has saved much money and my health. Today I have worked in my potatoes. I am delighted that this is the last working. I am leaving the remainder to the season. Of course we are not able to see what the ultimate outcome is going to be. June 23.-- I am out early and into my potatoes. There are signs of rain, therefore we wish to finish before it begins. All the help that we have comes to our rescue. By nine o'clock we come from the field. Mr. Caudle, of Valle Crucis, came to our home to appraise our land. He is a pleasant gentleman. We have rain in abundance. The shower is fine for all plant life. The rain is not violent, but gentle. It is one of these showers that wet the ground in a satisfactory manner. June 24.-- This morning we have one of the fine showers of the season. The ground is wet. There is enough moisture to mature the crops. In the afternoon we have another shower. There is some wind with this. Today I visit Conly Glenn, who is in the bed with mumps. This is a terrible disease when it gets hold of a man in the right way. In the afternoon we take vacination [sic] for typhoid fever. Almost all the people take it. They see the fine results that come from it. Some years ago only a few had any faith in it. We have 985 �scarcely any fever of late years. June 25.-- This morning we have one of the hardest showers of the season. For more than two hours there is a steady downpour. At nine o'clock I start to Elizabethton, Tenn. I go by jitney from Vilas to Elk Park. I have an interesting time over a scenic road. From Elk Park I go on the train. The most of the travel is going by car in place of the train. At 2:15 I am in Elizabethton. I remain in the town for some time. Then I go to J. F. Egger's for the night. I am tired enough to rest. June 26.-- This is a day of no exciting events. The first thing of note a dog trade. It is remarkable how much greater are the demands for a dog than a horse. In the afternoon Mr. Graydon P. Eggers and I go to Elizabethton to while away some time. By some means we are on the "blue" or despondent group. The liveliest thing is the movie. It is remarkable how many people go. People are not trying to learn something, but the secret of the crowd is that it wishes to be amused. June 27.-- This is a fine day. I do not make any history of note. I listen to J. F. Eggers tell what great plans that he has for the future. It is amusing to see how he makes plans and no one dares to molest in the least. In the afternoon we go to Keenburg. We visit Mr. and Mrs. James Blair for a short time. The next event is to see a game of ball between Stony Creek and Turkey Town. There is some good playing. I spend the night at Calvin Eller's. June 28.-- This morning I go toT. A. Egger's for the day. We arrive there early. I have the pleasure of meeting Mrs. Culver and Mrs. Freitz, friends of former days. At the right hour we attend Sunday School at Fairview. It falls upon us to teach a class. Rev. Mr. Black, of Johnson City, preaches. During the afternoon we have a splendid time. There are many things for us to discuss and to enjoy. Late in the day Abner Eggers drives us to J. F. Eggers' where we conclude the day. June 29.-- At an early hour I decide to start home. I have a few minutes to wait in Elizabethton. I look over the new High School Building. At nine I board the train for Elk Park. From there I go to Banner Elk. I go to Grace Hospital to consult a doctor, but he is too busy to see me. In the afternoon I am examined. I meet with some encouragement. It is late before the jitney comes, but we arrive at home just before night. The best of trip is getting home. June 30.-- After a man returns from a trip, it takes some time to adjust to the home environment. I rest a part of the day. I must look at my mail. In the afternoon we cut some stove wood. I find that it is easy to make a drive on the wood, and not wait until necessity forces us into it. It is not long until we have a whole tree ready for hauling. This is the finest lot of wood that we have had in a long time. Good eating is just ahead. 986 �A J Greene Diaries JULY July 1.-- This is a fine day. I do not remember a season when there has been more delightful weather. The rains have not been abundant. In our garden we have some com. After all our difficulties we have a fairly good stand. At this time we think we have a fair chance of making a crop. Today we take our second treatment for typhoid fever. Just a few years ago we had only a few people that had any faith, but new almost all the people take it. July 2.-- I am out early and on my way to Mabel. In fact I go without breakfast. I go to my father's and have a bite to eat. From here I go to my old home and see how things are going. In the afternoon I visit some of [the?] older people in the community. Among these are: Uncle Henry Greer, Aunt Rachel Swift, Aunt Elizabeth Greer and Grandma Norris. People do change reapidly. I have supper with G. H. Thomas. I have had a fairly pleasant day. I have heard much news. I do not know whether I can stand it or not. July 3.-- During the night there is a light rain. Vegetation seems refreshed. By this the crops are kept going. I go to Mabel in order to catch a way home. I do not wait long until I am on the way. Long before noon I am at home. After all this is the best part of any trip. In my absence I find that the boys have carried on business in a good style. In the afternoon I help them to finish the last piece. It seems that they are anxious to get the work out of the way. July 4.-- There is not a celebration of the Fourth within reach of us. The most of our people go quietly about their business. I remain at home until noon. I go to the Masonic lodge at Sugar Grove. The number in the meeting is small, but number does not always count. The set order of the day is the instillation [sic] of officers. Brother W. S. Farthing does this . He is one man that has the ceremony committed to memory. He can do this job in grand style. It seems that Masonry is on the decline. Many are withdrawing. July 5.-- This is Sunday. How soon a week does go! We can hardly realize how fast that time does go. It is a difficult job to keep a school gooing. We have so many who carry the burden lightly. Perhaps our community has made a little history today. The young people organize a Baptist Young People's Union. The trouble with much of our religious work is that the young folks are neglected. We need to give more attention to training. July 6.-- Today I make a trip to Boone. I manage to get in town at an early hour. I soon find that it is a big day in Boone. There are many people here on business. I am at the Normal School for a short period. From here I go to the Methodist Church and attend a meeting of a Ministerial 987 �Association. There are only a few who are in attendance. I go from here to the Courthouse. I find many people who are attending to affairs in the town. I see many old friend[s]. It is a great day to see people. July 7.-- I do many things today. The first job that I have is hoeing beans. The fine dirt that they growing in pleases me. The second item of business is filling out a land blank and getting and [sic] it in the mail. The next is preparing the ground and sowing some turnips. We are doing our best to raise something to eat the coming winter. We have not done much farming, because we did not move until late. July 8.-- This morning we finish our land papers. I am hoping that it will not be long before we shall have our home secure. It seems that it is taking a masterful effort to put every thing in line. The remainder of the day finds my time occupied in duties at the home. A man can always have some little job to hold his attention. Our garden demands much time. We have make [sic] stakes for our tomatoes. Stove wood claims much of our attention. I also give some of my time to reading. July 9.-- We have with us Rachel Greene and June Thomas with two children. When they came there is much excitement in the camp. The girls dig som of my improved Early Roses. If a fine looking boy whould come, we are not able to imagine what would have happened. It is amusing to hear a crowd of women. All can talk at the same tome. The wonder of the whole thing is that they do not get confused. Men are not able to carry on in this way. July 10.-- This is a fine day. Doubtless it has been a long time since we have had so much dry weather in one seasib, The ground has been in good condition for working crops all the time. In the afternoon Herman Eggers from Mount Pleasant, Tennessee arrives at our home for a few days. He has been teaching there for three years. Durning this time he has been in three states. Many school experiences have come his way. This is one of the rich sides of life. July 11.-- We remain at home until noon. It seems that it is hard for me to do much book work. The greater part of the morning is spent in revising the roll of members for Willowdale Baptist Church. This is a job that I delight in doing. In the afternoon I attend services at the Baptist Church. The pastor, G. W. Trivett, exhorts us to continue in "The Good Old Ways". I fear that this type of preaching will react and cause stagnation. July 12.-- Sunday morning comes to us. It seems only a few hours from one Sunday to the next. As usual we go to Sunday School. We have a prosperous session. At the preaching hour the pastor gives us a farewell discourse. His theme is doctrine. Some men cannot get out of a rut. Why is it that we want to look backward instead of forward? The present and the future can be improved, but the past is gone and can not be recalled. We ought to let the dead past bury itself. July 13.-- Monday morning greets us. Our appetite for work is not very strong. We do things 988 �A J Greene Diaries in a loose way. Our boys do some real hunting. They bring in enough game to make gravy. It seems that it is a tendency among hunters to eat what they kill. In the afternoon I go to the store. It has been my policy this season to stay away from the store unless I have some business. Loafing is one of the habits that we do not need to form. July 14.-- This is what I call a home day. The events are not distinguished in the least. Nothing except the common and the usual has come our way. I suppose that this is true with the most of us. The extraordinary comes to only a few person[s]. The sum total of our lives is filled with the common routine. Our great duty is to make the usual and the common place worth while. Just a few times in a life do we have a chance to play the part of a giant. July 15.-- This is a day full of excitement. The first thing is a trip to Boone in a car. Herman Eggers and I go to the Normal. We look over the plant. At the chapel hour Supt. Robinson, of Cabarrus County makes an address. He says many practical and suggestive things. From here we go to the land sale on the A. E. South property in the northern part of town. The sale is cunducted by Pitt Brothers. The crowd follows the wagon. The band helps to keep up the morale of the bidders. The next excitement is the ascension of the balloon. This stunt is performed by a lady from Ohio. The ascent is made in a short time and then she cuts loose and makes the descent. She lands in a locust tree. She does not suffer any injury. It takes some time to get her down. We return to town and soon find a way home. I must confess that we are tired. It is the hardest day that we have had in a long time. I must record that the might Hoag Show is in town. Many people line the Highway to see the elephants and other animals pass. The town of Boone is full of people. They come from every comer of the county. Some fof the old people say that it is the largest crowd that has been to town [in?] a long time. My observation is that the majority of folks love the light things of life. The lower instincts are easily influenced. The show appeals to this. July 16.-- All sweet has some bitter mixed with it. The revel of yesterday brings to us a feeling of remorse. The travel of yesterday leaves our limbs a little sore. On an occasion like this we eat too much. At noon Herman Eggers makes his departure for Mabel. He has been content and seems to have enjoyed his stay. For one week I have not done much work. The hardest time for any one is not to have a definite job. It is a hard task to drag along. July 17.-- The new day finds us in the com field. We work steadily from morning until noon. I must confess that it is a warm time to labor in the field. After a good dinner and a rest we return to the field and finish our job in one hour. This work is done for a neighbor. In a short time I go to the store. Upon my return I am in a little, but it is not enough to wet the ground. Of course it helps vegetation. 989 �July 18.-- The greatest event of the day happened this morning. Our son Doughton killed a large owl. It would have measured about five feet from tip to tip. Some crows were fighting with it when he arrived on the scene. with a gun. To say that he was delighted is putting it lightly. I manage to sow some turnips. We are putting out a few on various day[s] in order to find the best time. We are trying to find a time when they will grow the best. A man can get much pleasure from growing things. July 19.-- Sunday has come our way again. The weeks come and go rapidly. A busy man does not have time to reckon with the time. At Sunday School we have some interesting discussions. At times a few of the class will talk. The trouble with our people is that they do not study in order to know things. So many people are lazy mental!. We have with us today Mr. and Mrs. I. A. Bumbamer. Really they are likable and interesting people. We have a good time. July 20.-- Monday morning is here. I make a dive for the field in order to hoe my com for the last time. I make one famouse drive until noon. We have more than half of it. At noon we have a rain. It is not enough to wet the ground. We do not get much done in the afternoon. The com is wet so that it is fility (?) to move about in. Late in the day we have a visit from Misses Shoun and Smith. We have much fun with the lively young ladies. July 21.-- At an early hour we are in the field hoeing com. At ten o'clock we finish the field. This delights our heart very much. At the noon hour we read about the great evolution trial at Dayton, Tennessee. W. J. Bryan is on the stand with Clarence Darrow questioning him about the Bible. It is a battle between giants. In the evening Graydon Eggers, of Elizabethton, Tennessee, arrives at our home for a few d~ys. We are pleased to see him. July 22.-- Today.is a busy time with me. I work on my diary. I have started into my twentieth year. I manage to derive some pleasure out of this. At times I delay so that I am compelled to do much writing at once. H. R. Eggers comes from Zionville. The Eggers brothers have a reunion. They make a trip to Boone in order to have a game of tennis. They seem to have a great zeal for sport. This has a tendency to keep one young body and mind. A man does not need to get old too soon. July 23.-- Today I assisted W. J. Mast in putting up some hay. I must record that it is one of the finest times for this business that I have ever seen. The ground is dry and the sun is hot. Both make an ideal condition. At night the Klu Klux Klan [sic] puts on a celebration in Boon. This excites all the people. It seems that all the trucks and cars in the west end of the county are carrying people to Boone. Many 990 �A J Greene Diaries of our people are curious to see the robed clansman in a march. July 24.-- I decide to attend church at Cove Creek. I walk all the way. It is a long hot trip on the Highway. I am real early and I wait at the store until the hour comes. Rev. Arthur Sherwood, of Erwin, Tennessee, is doing the p[r]eaching. His theme today is "Troubles". He handles it in a masterful way. I go toW. Y. Perry's for dinner. I hear him tell about his wonderful experiences at the University of North Carolina. A man never gets too old to lear a few things. July 25.-- The Gospel that appeals to our good sense and that stirs our emotions draws us. I must attend service at Cove Creek again. The theme is "God's Vast Estate". It is handled in a happy way. The glories of the future life is portrayed in glowing terms. The Good News makes our hearts glad. At the conclusion of the service I ride to my home at CozyNook with John K. Perry. The remainder of the day is spent at home. I combine reading and work. July 26.-- This mornint I spend some time in reading my Bible. I am trying to read it from beginning to end during the year. I think that I am going to succeed. At the usual hour we attend Sunday School at Willowdale. The lesson is discussed with some degree of intelligence. As I often say, people do not study the Bible. In the afternoon I attend a meeting of the B.Y.P.U. at the church. The young people put the program across in good style. With the proper encouragement they will come on well. July 27.-- I cut just a little grass. I am sorry that I have so little to cut. To my sorrow I look into my potatoes and find that my crop is very light. This causes us some disappointment. In the afternoon we assist Uncle John Smith in his hay. I must confess that it is a fine [time?] for the business. What is lacking in quantity is made up in quality. We have never seen it better. July 28.-- We have some evidences of rain this morning, but before the noon hour come[s] we are having ideal hay weather. The dry weather is becoming almost alarming. It will not take many more days to do serious damage. The pastures are burning up. This will make our grazing during the autumn short. In the afternoon we help Uncle John Smith again . We finish the job. The greatest fun is to see a crowd of boys fight a nest of bumblebees. July 29.-- This morning we finish cutting our little meadow. It show[s] no sign of raining. We can not but feel in distress about our crops. Ov course there will be rain in due season. We often become scared before we are hurt. In the afternoon we gather our onions. We find that we have more than we thought. On my way home my good friend Frank Bingham hauls my onions for me. The last duty of the day is to shock our hay. 991 �July 30.-- This is one of the clearest days that we have had in a long time. There seems no signs of rain. The people are longing to see the showers. Today we have the doctor to see Mrs. Greene. He extracts three teeth for her. She is complaining with her head. Late in the day we are delighted with a crate of peaches from Jesse Butt of Hamlet, N.C. We enjoy them immensely. The boys purchase some horse shoes and we are prepared for games at Cozy Nook. This is a fine game for all boys. July 31.-- To our great joy we have some light showers of rain. Of course the ground is not wet, but it is enough to revive vegetation. Today we spend much time in reading the Bible. We are trying to read th[r]ough it within the next three weeks. Hon. W. J. Bryan is buried at Washington, D. C. Today. He died at Dayton, Tennessee hast Sunday. Perhaps no man of this generation has had a stronger hold on the people. He numbers his friends by the millions. A good and great man is gone to his reward. AUGUST Aug. 1.-- This is the day appointed to work on the Howell cemetary [sic] near Vilas, N.C. By appearance it has had no work done on it in a long time. The ground is almost covered with bushes and briers. A large number come and we have the work done by noon. In the afternoon I go to A. C. Mast's store. I remain there for some time and then I return home. I find the boys in a game of pitching horse shoes. I soon join the game. We pitch until it is almost night. Aug. 2.-- Sunday is a day in which I have a full day. The first thing is to make some preparation on the lesson. Next I do some reading in different versions of the Scriptures. It is interesting to make comparisons. In Sunday School we have a good number. Our theme is the many familiar quatations in the Book of James. He tells us about the practical things in the religious life. In the afternoon I remain at home. I read and enjoy homelife. Aug. 3.-- Monday morning finds us on our way to Boone. We do not walk far until we catch a car and soon we are in town. I attend to some busiess at the courthouse. The next place is the Normal School. 132 At a late hour I arrive at the Ministerial Conference at the Methodist Church. 132 Note that Greene is now referring to the Normal School rather than to the Training School. 992 �A J Greene Diaries Rev. Mr. Downing conducts the devotional. The greatest feature of the meeting is an address by Col. F. A. Olds, of Raleigh. The next step is a way home. Soon I find this. I think that I have had a good day. Aug. 4.-- The heavens are wrapped in a vapor. The appeareance is rain. We are eager to see the mist come down. The earth is parched. There has been no wetting rain for more than four weeks. To our sorrow we do not get a shower. This day has been a delight for us. We have been cutting some wood. We have cut five trees. In all my life I have never seen such a fine time to get wood. The wood is dry on every hand. Aug. 5.-- This is a glad day for .all of us. Just at dark we have a splendid shower of rain. Of course it does not wet the ground, but it is fine for the vegetables. In the early morning there are no signs of rain. We are not able to anticipate just what is going to happen in the weather business. Today we make use of the weather to cut some more wood. We tried a tree that almost put us out of business. It is so hard that it cut slowly. By noon we have enough of it. Aug. 6.-- This is another fine day. What a fine summer this has been! There has been no mud to bother us. On every hand it has been easy going. This morning we have a job of fencing on hand. We are making a road up the valley to our wood. We move our garden fence in order to keep from going through it. In due time we want to put our place in good shape. There are so many things to do we can't decide what is first. Aug. 7.-- The sun still is parching the earth. Perhaps all time has not revealed so much dry weather in the growing season. We have not had much rain during the whole season. The greatest day for some time came to me today. I have the happy sensation of shelling a bushel of com and carrying it to mill. To my surprise a lady is the miller. It seems that women are in every line of activity. I must confess my astonishment when I learn how well that she does the work. Aug. 8.-- This morning I walk to Mabel with Graydon and Herman Eggers. By the time we reach the village my feet are tired and sore. I go to my father's for dinner. I have mever seen it so dry in this part of the country. From here I go to Mabel to see a game of ball. The visiting team does not come, hence the game is a failure. Soon I start home. By the time we make a safe arrival the rain commences. We have a good shower. How glad we are to see it! It makes our hearts glad. Aug. 9.-- The day dawns upon us in its beauty. The night has brought new life to the vegetation. The earth has had a bath. At the usual hour I attend Sunday School at Willowdale. In spite of much visiting we have a large crowd. We have much interest in the discussion on class. In the afternoon my father pays me a short visit. I go with him to Vilas. Here we have a long wait for a car. There is much travel on the road. All are trying to see how fast that they can go. 993 �Aug. 10.-- This is one of the hottest days that we have had this season. The sun almost bums. The plants wilt under his rays. A few days like this one and our crops will be burned up. The greater part of the day is spent in writing a report to the association and in preparation of a speech to the report. In making investigations we discover much interesting data. We find that three fourths of all the Baptists in the world live in the United States. Aug. 11.-- This is a day of much interest. I attend the Three Forks Association. This session is held with the Three Forks Church three miles east of Boone. Smith Hagaman is chosen Moderator and W. Y. Perry Clerk. F. M. Huggins, of Boone, preaches the annual sermon. One of the outstanding features of the day is the annual address of the Moderator. The second is the speech of R. D. Stuckenbroke to the report of missions. M. L. Kesler makes a timely address to the report on the orphanage. I come home for the night. Aug. 12.-- I return for the second day of the Association. There is not so much unity today as there was yesterday. Uriah Farthing tries to take the thing by physical force. He does his best to start something. The report on education is the best discussed of any report. The cheering at a religious gathering, I think, is entirely out of place. Some of our people always want to pass judgment on something that they know nothing about. Just as we start home there is rain. Aug. 13.-- This is one of the hottest days that we have had in a long time. In some of the cities it is reported above 100°. At our work we suffer from heat. We have decided to build a hog lot. Our job is to cut the timber. It does not take us long to do this. I am sure that it is one of the hottest times that I have been out in a long time. It is a rare thing for it to register more than 90° in this section. Aug. 14.-- Another warm day comes our way. On every hand we hear the remark, "I have never seen it so dry before". It is becoming alarming as to the supply of water. Many springs have ceased to run. In the afternoon we have a shower of rain. It does not wet the ground much. It would take several days to saturate the ground in order to make the water flush. Many people do rejoice to see the light showers. At times we need to stop and think how dependent we are. Aug. 15.-- This is a day filled with activity. The first important event of the day is the survey of a road to Cozy Nook. The same is let to contract to Whittington Bros. This is one much needed improvement on our farm. The next step is to attend Church at Willowdale. The new paster, the Elder R. C. Eggers, of Zionville, is on hand and preaches from the theme "Temptation". He and Mr. I. A. Bumgarner have dinner with us. The day comes to a close without any more very important events to be recorded. Aug. 16.-- Sunday comes our way once more. I use Sunday morning for review of Sunday School lesson and for some general reading. The number at school is large. The interest is good. 994 �A J Greene Diaries In the afternoon Rev. Mr. Eggers talks to us from the theme, "Making a Record". It is a fine discussion of an important topic. There are some people who do not care for more than one trip to the church on Sunday. We need to use the house. Aug. 17.-- One great event must be put on record and it for other to see and be made to rejoice. The road to Cozy Nook is commenced. We are pleased to learn that we are to have a better way to come go from our home. By the aid of the boys we finish our hog lot and transfer our hog to the same. The pen has been a nuisance all the summer. In due time I hope to have many more needed improvements at this place. Aug. 18.-- I am sick this morning. I lost my breakfast. I do not work much. At noon I go to the picnic at F. C. Ward's dairy barn. There are many people present. There are some speeches. Dinner is served on the ground. The afternoon is devoted to games and amusements. The greatest show of the day is the milking of the cows by a machine. The happiest hour of the day is the hour when it is raining. The dust is hardly laid. Aug.19.-- The day is warm. The day is hot and the drought is not broken. The work on the road still progresses. It is amusing to see how many colored folks come to see how the boys are coming on. The boys lose much valuable time trying to do work with a sorry team. We long to see the completion of [the?] job. The greatest show of the day is the working of the colored man from Johnson City, Tenn. He assumed the proportions of a boss. Aug. 20.-- This morning I try my luck at my favorite job, cutting stove wood. I must confess that it is rather warm for this job. Late in the day I go with the Elk Park jitney to Boone to attend the graduating exercise at the Appalachian State Normal School. 133 The address is deliverd by Dr. J. Henry Highsmith, of Raleigh. His theme is "Self-expression["]. There are about twenty-five graduates. This is the largest class to graduate from the college department. Aug. 21.-- This morning we have a little rain. We are pleased to see the ground a little wet. In just a short time the clouds break away and we are just as dry as ever. We long to see the rain fall for a day at a time. I come home from Boone. I meet with Mrs. Bell West Jones. We have a pleasant time from Boone to Vilas. In the afternoon I am at home. The boys finish the road. Now we are able to come to my home in a car. At night we are visited by Dr. W. 0 . Bingham and Prof. Chas. Greene. 133 This is the first time he uses the full new name of the college. 995 �Aug. 22.-- This morning we are at business early. We dig potates until noon. By this hour all my strength is gone. I have not been so tired in a long time. I must record that my crop is almost a failure. Afternoon I try to rest. I am almost too tired to relax. By some means I am not able to stand hard work as I once did. During the afternoon we try to read and study some. It seems that I am not able to meditate as much as I ought. One thing follows another. Aug. 23.-- This is a great day for the people ofWillowdale Sunday School. We take our school to Mt. Vernon for a picnic. We arrive a little late for Sunday School. The writer addresses the School from the theme, "The Call to Service". At the noon hour we eat our lunches on the grounds of the church. Afternoon we have some singing. It is as fine as I ever heard. The people of this community treated us with the greatest kindness possibly [sic]. It gives us a longing to make this trip again. At three o'clock we start for home. All who had the good fortune to go report a bully time. In the evening we have a meeting of our young people at the church. They have their usual program. Mr. H. R. Eggers delivers an address. His theme is "The Worthwhile Life". He puts it in five divisions: (1) Business, (2) Pleasure, (3) Study, (4) Courtesy, (5) Christian. In many respects it is a very fine address . By the time that I return home I am tired enough to sleep. This has been a busy day. Aug. 24.-- This morning I leave my home for Boone. I walk about half way to the town. I am in Boone at an early hour. I am at the school ready for business. The students and teachers are coming in. It looks now that we are to have a large crowd for the opening. I have several things to do during the day. We meet several new teachers. It seems that we are to have more help. By night I am located in my old room in Justice Hall. I think that I shall be able to do a good year's work. Aug. 25.-- The night is cool. Much cover is comfortable. This morning there is a little frost. The fog keeps it from doing any damage. The weather is desolate. It is going to be a hard year to get the things that we need. School opens today. We spend the entire day classifying. It is one of the hardest days that I have had in a long time. I must confess that I have gone to the limit. In some respects it has been a delight to meet with old friends . There are so many that are happy to return. Aug. 26.-- Again this morning there is a light frost. The damage is slight. The hot dry weather still continues. How we do long to see some rain! To say the least conditions are alarming. The most of classes met today. It is some job to get a school to running well. Many little things come up to annoy us. After school I am so tired that I take a walk in order to rest. I cross the ridge to Mr. Hayes' to purchase some apples. I get a good rest by the time that I return. Aug. 27.-- This is another day of real work. I am almost too tired to rest. I come to the point that 996 �A J Greene Diaries I have no appetite for work. At chapel we have Dr. Jeffcoat, of the Lutheran Church, and Dr. McCauley, of the city of Raleigh. It seems that we are blessed with visiting preachers. We receive much fatherly advice from the churchmen. After dinner I take a walk. I do not get enough exercise. I must do my best to retain my health. This must be done at the expense of pleasure. Aug. 28.-- This is a gloomy day. The fog has been dense and has hung low. Just at break of day there is a little rain. Our hearts are glad. All the day we have been expecting for the rain to commence. There is just enough moisture to keep the dust down. The ground is thirsty for water. At school we have had the usual routine. The opening has been great. The College has one hundred twenty-nine and the High School one hundred twenty-nine. It seems that we are in Iaine for greater things. The people are coming this way from different parts of the state. Aug. 29.-- The day is foggy. There is an appearance of rain. All of us long to see it commence. The awful drought still remains unbroken. Many hearts are yearning for the earth to get a bath. In many places there is a shortage of water. At a meeting of the faculty President Dougherty discusses the future of the school. It occurs to me that we have a congenial group of people to work with. I get a late start for home. By the assistance of good friends I am at home in three fourths of an hour. I am always pleased to be at home week-ends. Aug. 30.-- This is a fine day. We long to see the rain fall, but good weather is a delight to any one. At Sunday School we have a large crowd. I feel sure that our school is increasing in efficiency. A Mr. Davis, of Damascus, Va., is with us. He makes a short address to the school. I go from school home. I spend the remainder of the day there. A man loves to get away from the crowd and rest his tired nerves. At times it is almost too hot for me to rest. Aug. 31.-- This is a day long to be remembered. The rain comes in a light degree. The sound of thunder is pleasant to many ears. We may see much rain from this date. I remain at home until late. I do several little jobs at home. The first is to dig some potatoes. Next I cut a fine pile of wood for the stove. I also manage to read just a little. As a whole I do a fairly good day's work. I have not had time to idle much. I have been on the go. SEPTEMBER Sept. I.-- Today the school attends the funeral ofHon. E. S. Coffey. On Sunday evening he d1ed suddenly. The funeral takes place at the Baptist Church at ten o'clock. Rev. F. M. Huggins, the Pastor of the church is in charge. He pays a very high tribute to the memory of the deceased. Rev. 997 �W. W. Bradshaw, of Hickory, pays a very eloquent tribute to his friend and schoolmate. Attorney F. A. Linney, his law partner delivers an eloquent oration. This is one among the best conducted funerals that I have ever attended. There is an immense crowd at the church. Sept. 2.-- This is a fine day. The rain ceases and it seems that we are in for more dry weather. By some means the air does not get right for moisture to condense. At school we have a busy day. There is something to demand our attention each moment. Some one is making an unusual demand for consideration. By some means I tire easily. The classes make an awful drain upon my nervous energy. A man can not stand all kinds of heavy usages. Sept. 3.-- The school is making the transission [sic] from a Regional High School to a standard Normal College rapidly. Today we have more than one hundred in the college. This school must have some ideals to attain. One of these is to develop a high type of character in its students. We may not be able to produce the highest type of intellect, but no school is in a better position to develop character. The climatic conditions are conducive to study. We are free from the rigid winters and the excessive heat of summers. The influence of no large center of people is felt. The town that has grown up around the school is composed of the very best people. Again the college has a fine type of people to serve. Doubtless there cannot be found a more religious people. None of the wild theories have seriously disturbed the inhabitants of our mountain section. Another point in our favor is that we have no race problem. Our people are making progress in a solid way. We have a people that fear God and obey the laws of the land. Sept. 4.-- The greatest event of the day is a meeting of the faculty. The school is divided into three divisions--College, High School and Elementary. The chief thing that we have under discussion is the ideals of the school. The one thing that will count most is the development of character. The growing of a character is the one prime thing in life. It is one thing that stands uppermost in nur career. What we need most is a spirit of work! There are so many people who never acquire the habit of industry. They idle all their days. Sept. 5.-- The day is warm and bright. The rain fails to come. How welcome a good warm shower would be. The dust is dreadful. In school we run the usual course. There is no unusual events. The student body impresses me as a serious crowd--one that is bent upon work. In the afternoon I go to my home at Vilas. I manage to arrive home long before night. I find that the stairs have been run. I am doing my best to add some improvements in my home. Sept. 6.-- This is a day long to be remembered. It is an awful hard day on us. The heat is desperate. In the shade we suffer. At Sunday School we have a good crowd. In our class we have a fine discussion of things that interest us very much . Mrs. Greene and I take dinner with Mr. and Mrs. V. M. Presnell's. It is one among the finest that 998 �A J Greene Diaries we have had in a long time. There is no finer spirit among neighbors than taking a meal with each other occasionally. During the evening I try to read some, but it is too hot for me to do much. This kind of weather is rare at this season of the year. Sept. 7.-- This morning I am out early. My breakfast is eaten and I am on my way to Boone. I have the good fortune to walk more than half of the way. My good friend Bill Banner takes me in his car and carries me to Boone. This is Monday of court. It seems that all the county is here. They come from every direction. Judge Stack is the new judge. His charge to the jury is one of the finest that I have ever heard. I feel sure that he made a fine impression on the people of the county. The next event is the sale of real estate in the Daniel Boone Park. This is an interesting affair. It is a fine type of mob psychology. Men are lifted out of their reason, and they follow impulse. A crowd is so apt to follow a suggestion. I never bid at a sale. I find that it is not safe. Sept. 8.-- This is another hot day. Perhaps it is not so warm as yesterday. I must confess that I have suffered much from the heat. How we do long for a good shower! In school we have some good work. There are many students who are taking their work too lightly. We must have more work soon. After the work of the day is over, I make a trip to court. There is a large crowd in attendance. In many respects it is a dirty place to go. Many people carry their dirty things to court for an airing. Here we see the dark side of life. The best people are not found in court. We are delighted to record that we have many good judges who are doing their bit for the elevation of our brothers. In the flesh we are weak and unable to extricate ourselves from the wall of sin that surrounds us. Sept. 9.-- Summer is never warmer than it has been today. The heat is intense. In some sections there are showers, but we do not have any. In case that this kind of weather continues things will become serious. In a short time the water supply will become exhausted. At school we find many who are not working. Some of them have too many activities that are outside the regular work. After the work of the day is over, I make a trip to court. This is not a suitable place for me because the court is selecting a jury to try David Wooten for killing Leonard Triplett. It has the appearance of a battle. Able men are employed on both sides. Sept. 10.-- During the night we have a light shower of rain. It is just enough to cool the air and lay the dust. In the afternoon we have some more rain . The rain is light in Boone, but it is heavy in other parts of the county. Just a light shower is appreciated. In many places the people are praying for rain. Court is in session again today. I go for a short time. The lawyers are arguing the case against David Wooten for killing Leonard Triplett at Blowing Rock. It is an ugly case. The sad thing is that Wooten was an officer of the law. 999 �To-day I have one of my sad moods on. All my life I have been subjected to these. When I am in this condition, I must confess that I am not a safe friend. I am so likely to do something that is foolish. Sept. 11.-- Today has been warm again. At times there is an appearance of rain. However the day passes without a rain at this place. From all appearances rain is near by. The long drought is slightly broken. The most eventful thing in the school is the Freshmen elect a president. After a battle with ballots John Edgar Brown, Jr., of Boone, is elected and he assumed his duties. The class is fortynine strong. It occurs to me that it is the best prepared class that we have had. The good work in some of the elementary schools is beginning to bear fruit. At the chapel Prof. Williams pulls off a "speil" 134 on the bridge just opened at Elizabethtown. 135 It is more than a mile in length. It is the long[est] that has been constructed recently. Sept. 12.-- This is one of the hard days of my life. By some means I have not felt well. When a man is not fit physically, he is unable to control himself as he ought. Life is dark and gloomy. There is no silver lining just beneath the turbid cloud. After a day in school I make the trip home. I have to walk for more than two miles. I must confess that I was getting warm. It does not take much to tire me out. We are loosing [sic] the art of walking. We are a generation of wheel-goers. Sept. 13.-- Sunday comes to me again. I use some time in preparation of my Sunday School lesson. In the lesson for today we have two types of people. One is the loafers--such as we find hanging around the garages. The other is the faithful band of investigators--such as search the Scriptures for wisdom and the ways for correct living. My father pays me a visit. He is in distress. Age is coming upon him. Life must be gloomy. There seems not to be much in the future for him. Sept. 14.-- During the night we have a fine rain. The earth is refreshed. Grass is taking on hew life. The land is the wettest that it has been for many months. Perhaps we shall never see so little rain in one season during our lives. Today I remain at home until it is late in the day. I manage to do a little work. I do not feel well enough to work hard. I do just a few things. On every hand I see things to do. Sept. 15.-- Our work in school has been pleasant. I enjoy to see the minds of the students working on their tasks. I must confess that it is living the real life to reval [sic] in thought and to 134 Spiel? 135 Elizabethton (Tennessee). 1000 �A J Greene Diaries look upward for better things. I feel sure that I have done some good in this work. In my soul there are many longing anxieties. I suppose that the real hero is the one that lives above the small things. Our trouble is that we waste our lives with the affairs that are unworthy of us. Sept. 16.-- This is a day long to be remembered. Just at daylight we have a storm. For about fifteen minutes the rain pours. This is the first storm that we have had in months. During the morning we have a good rain. This delights the hearts of all the people. For weeks we have been looking for rain to refresh vegetation. Today we have not felt our ability to work. By some means we are weak and have no driving power. Some days must drag with us. Sept. 17.-- This is a fine autumn day. The sky is clear and the air is cool. Nature tells us that the season is almost over. At chapel we have with us Mr. Murray Lookabill of Tulsa, Okla. He was in school at this place more than ten years ago. He is an auditor for one of the oil companies. In the afternoon I try to rest. I visit Aunt Alice Cook. For some days she has been sick. I sppend some time with her. On my return I stop for a short time at D . E. Benfield's. They are in their new home. Sept. 18.-- This is a fine autumn day. There are no signs of ill weather. A few more days like this one and it is as dry as ever. It is hard for us to be shut up in the house when out-of-doors it is so fine. I must confess that it is amazing how little some people do study. Work is the chief feature in all the vocations of life. A thing does not just happen. It must be brought to pass. In order for a thing to pass there must be some good work behind it. The work must be intense. Sept. 19.-- At chapel today we have the Rev. Mr. Wooseley, of the Methodist Church. He speaks to us in a happy frame of mind. The preachers bring to us from time to time many helpful messages. The weather is all that we could wish. The delightful sun beams upon us. One of these days the weather will change and we shall have all that we wish ofrain. In the afternoon I go home. I walk about two miles and then I ride a truck the remainder of the way. I am at home long before night. I must confess that I am tired. Sept. 20.-- This morning I make a trip to Uncle John Smith' s. I stay a short time with him. By some means ,I am restless and must be on the go. I arrive at home at the dinner hour. At one o'clock we have our Sunday School. By the time that we close I find that we have a large school. The school has some interest. Brother R. C. Eggers, of Zionville, preaches at two o'clock. His theme is "The Life of Joseph" and its Application to Present Conditions". In many respects it is an able discourse. Sept. 21.-- A part of the day I have my favorite job--cutting stovewood. I certainly do love to 1001 �see a fine bunch of it in the shed. I long to see the time when I can devote my entire time to work at home. At noon Mr. H. L. Wilson, of Boone, the cheese man, came to my home to help me lay plans for a small dairy barn. We have a pleasant time together. He is interested in the business. I come all the way to Boone with him. I am so tired that I am not able to do much work. Late in the day we have some rain. This is such a glad event that it is worth the space to record it. During the whole season we have not had any rain. The rain means much to us in every respect. Sept. 22.-- There is a little change in the weather. The sky is shut off a part of the day. Just a little rain falls. It seems that it is difficult for us to have much rain. Among the many duties of the day one is the classifying of a young woman who had lost her husband. She is just twenty-one years old. Her soul is all broken up at her loss. Her ambition is to make a nurse. With a determination to do the battles of life bravely, she starts to school. This is one among the really humane stories that touches our sympathy. The world is full of aching hearts that need healing. In these trying times we need the help of our friends. All of us think that we are important in the work that we are doing. In fact we think that it would not run without us. We must not get struck on ourselves. Sept. 23.-- The day has been full of interest. Many lively things come our way. We have so many students who do not wish to do any serious work. They wish to bum along and get by with the least possible work. At the meeting of the Faculty we discuss some plans to put all the students in some kind of physical exercise. I think that we are going to get hold of some boys who need this work very much. I hope that there will be no escape for the idle. Sept. 24.-- The school and the town are thrown int grief. Mrs. Mae Greene Johnson died at the Watauga Hospital this morning. She leaves an infant ten days old. Her people are prostrate with sorrow. Oh, why is there so much distress in the world? We are not able to know now, but it may be our privilege some time to ascertain the cause of all these things. We have so many things that demand our attention that we hardly know what comes first. It is work all the time. We do not have much time for recreation. Leisure does not come with age. Sept. 25.-- This is a day of activity at the school. The Co. Supt. of several adjoining counties and the Principals of the High Schools are in conference at this place. Dr. Highsmith and Dr. Allen are on hand from Raleigh. There are about thirty present. They are in session the greater part of the day. Perhaps this is a meeting that means most to us. It will have a tendency to direct people from other sections to this school. The school adjourns long enough to attend the funeral of Mrs. Mae Greene-Johnson. The crowd in attendance is large. The service is brief and appropriate to the occasion. The flowers are the most beautiful that I have ever seen. What a fine thing human sympathy is! Our friends come from every hand trying to console us in our hour of grief. 1002 �A J Greene Diaries Sept. 26.-- This is another fine day. It is not so hot. There is more comfort when it is not so warm. At times we have clouds that threaten rain. By some means it does not come. One of these days it will commence and we shall be glad to see it stop. After the work of the day is over I am ready to start home. I have the pleasure of riding with Miss Nora Mast. It does not take long to make the trip home. We have no mishaps. A man is always glad to get home. I am tired because I have had a hard week of it. I must confess that I get all the work that I want in one week. A man must have a little time to relax from the hard life that I live. I am on the alert all the time. Sept. 27.-- Sunday finds me with plenty to do. It seems that my activities on this day are almost as numerous as those of the week days. The first hours are usually devoted to a review of the lesson of the day. Sometimes I read something foreign to the subject in order to rest my mind. The next event is our Sunday School in action. We have a few who will talk when they are stirred by the proper authority. In many respects we have an interesting lesson. In the afternoon I am at home. I do a little reading. Mr. and Mrs. Jack Smith come to see us. This is the first time that we have had them in our home. Before we are hardly aware of it the day is gone. I do not read all that I plan on Sunday. Sometimes I plan to sleep a greater part of the day. Sept. 28.-- The first thing that I have on hand is a trade. I make an effort to make a deal in regard to next year's crop. It seems that it is hard for one to have farming done. The public works are conducive to the most of men. I manage to remain at home until late. I have a pleasant time. I work just a little. We are trying to lay plans in order that our home affairs may be more congenial. It seems that I have great tribulations. Late in the day I start [to?} Boone in the Elk Park jitney. When we are near Lovill, a car runs into us. The car is damaged and the boys in the car are hurt just a little. To say the least we have a narrow escape. I catch another car and I am soon in Boone. I read a little after I come to my room. Sept. 29.-- The day has not had many thrills. The usual work comes our way. Many of the students do not make ample preparation. By some means they hope to make good. Just after school there is a game of ball between the college and the High School. There is some good playing. One trouble with our boys is that they do not practice enough. After school I make a trip to town. It has the appearance of a real town. The cars are coming and going in different directions. There is hardly a moments [sic] that the cars are not moving. At night I devote much time in bringing all my work up to the moment. I spend some time in reading and a little in writing. I try to enjoy this kind of work. � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Andrew Jackson Greene Collection Description An account of the resource The Andrew Jackson Greene Collection consists of more than 160 diaries written by Greene who describes Watauga County's education system, including Appalachian State Teachers College, cultural and religious life, and agriculture from 1906 to 1942. <br /><br /><strong>Biographical Note.</strong> Andrew Jackson Greene (March 2, 1883-August 12, 1942) was a life-long resident of Watauga County, North Carolina and instructor in several Watauga schools including Appalachian State Teachers College (A.S.T.C). Greene worked as a farmer, public school teacher, and college professor. Greene was an enthusiastic diarist maintaining regular entries from 1906 to the day before his death. He also recorded A.S.T.C. faculty meetings from January 9, 1915 to May 3, 1940. He married Polly Warren, and they had three children, Ralph, Maxie, and Lester. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Greene, Andrew Jackson, 1883-1942 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/190">AC.105: Andrew Jackson Greene Collection</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1906-1942 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">No Copyright - United States</a> Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Diary of Andrew Jackson Greene, Volume 54 [June 13, 1925 - September 29, 1925] Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Greene, Andrew Jackson, 1883-1942 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="Andrew Jackson Greene Collection, 1906-1942" href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/190" target="_blank">Andrew Jackson Greene Collection, 1906-1942</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1925 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 52.4 MB 65 pages Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 105_054_1925_0613_1925_0929 Description An account of the resource Andrew Jackson Greene kept this diary from June 13 through September 29, 1925. He recorded an entry for each day. In this diary he kept detailed descriptions of the weather in addition to daily activity records, and travel records. He also wrote about his work in the Watauga county churches. He frequently wrote of work at Appalachian Training School and of the guest speakers that came to visit. He frequently visited sick neighbors and friends such as Conly Glenn. Subject The topic of the resource Watauga County (N.C.)--Social life and customs--20th century Baptists--Clergy--North Carolina--Watauga County Greene, Andrew Jackson, 1883-1942 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">No Copyright – United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Diaries Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. <a title="Andrew Jackson "Greene collection" href="https://omeka.library.appstate.edu/collections/show/39" target="_blank"> Andrew Jackson Greene collection </a> Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Watauga County (N.C.) Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. <a title="https://www.geonames.org/4497707/watauga-county.html" href="https://www.geonames.org/4497707/watauga-county.html" target="_blank"> https://www.geonames.org/4497707/watauga-county.html</a> Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1920s Conly Glenn Elk Park Grace Hospital Herman Eggers J.F. Eggers Jitney Klu Klux Klan celebration Mr. H.L. Wilson Mrs. Mae Greene- Johnson Mumps Normal School Sunday School Typhoid fever Valle Crucis Will Payne Willowdale https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/7406a1b15fb5ab57659e893735f07318.pdf 1c6283313c17d60929965e233d8d2696 PDF Text Text ������������������������� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Andrew Jackson Greene Collection Description An account of the resource The Andrew Jackson Greene Collection consists of more than 160 diaries written by Greene who describes Watauga County's education system, including Appalachian State Teachers College, cultural and religious life, and agriculture from 1906 to 1942. <br /><br /><strong>Biographical Note.</strong> Andrew Jackson Greene (March 2, 1883-August 12, 1942) was a life-long resident of Watauga County, North Carolina and instructor in several Watauga schools including Appalachian State Teachers College (A.S.T.C). Greene worked as a farmer, public school teacher, and college professor. Greene was an enthusiastic diarist maintaining regular entries from 1906 to the day before his death. He also recorded A.S.T.C. faculty meetings from January 9, 1915 to May 3, 1940. He married Polly Warren, and they had three children, Ralph, Maxie, and Lester. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Greene, Andrew Jackson, 1883-1942 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/190">AC.105: Andrew Jackson Greene Collection</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1906-1942 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">No Copyright - United States</a> Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Diary of Andrew Jackson Greene, Volume 58 [April 25, 1926 - May 22, 1926] Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="Andrew Jackson Greene Collection, 1906-1942" href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/190" target="_blank">Andrew Jackson Greene Collection, 1906-1942</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1926 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 20.1 MB 25 pages Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 105_058_1926_0425_1926_0522 Description An account of the resource In this diary, Greene wrote about the weather, the school (Appalachian Training School) and the community members. He recorded how much snow they received, how the students were doing with their work, and who he visited each day. Much of the diary is devoted to church. He wrote about Willowdale Baptist Church, daily chapel, and about Sunday school very frequently because they were so important to him. Subject The topic of the resource Watauga County (N.C.)--Social life and customs--20th century Baptists--Clergy--North Carolina--Watauga County Greene, Andrew Jackson, 1883-1942 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Greene, Andrew Jackson, 1883-1942 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">No Copyright – United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Diaries Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. <a title="Andrew Jackson "Greene collection" href="https://omeka.library.appstate.edu/collections/show/39" target="_blank"> Andrew Jackson Greene collection </a> Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Watauga County (N.C.) Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. <a title="https://www.geonames.org/4497707/watauga-county.html" href="https://www.geonames.org/4497707/watauga-county.html" target="_blank"> https://www.geonames.org/4497707/watauga-county.html</a> Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1920s Annie Dougherty Bristol Calvin Eller Elizabethton Elk Park Examinations garden Hardin Brown Johnson City Lucille Hopkins Mast’s Store Norma Brown Roan’s Creek Sunday School Willowdale Baptist Church https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/f10180ffa14ab9263dd51bed81e0a530.pdf 2cd7a02694b0e8c02b9dfcccda0fc711 PDF Text Text �S xy X-^~ -^-^L^-z*—/— ^£~&, -UL> --L~. Ity^^-^t^^c �^^ z^/// '^-2; ^ -7* s-m*^r? -X 00 7 f~+*rrp" x^, / "~ SrlCS^ -0~y^-~ -^/j / ' ^1 ^ 7~ /2^^>^ V <^2^>^T^n^-*^7 6- - '-T^r^-r^-T* / �J/ ^^Z^ff^ & r*=t—f>—V-—T*. �IP. £* c/t s-r-yi . 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Title A name given to the resource Andrew Jackson Greene Collection Description An account of the resource The Andrew Jackson Greene Collection consists of more than 160 diaries written by Greene who describes Watauga County's education system, including Appalachian State Teachers College, cultural and religious life, and agriculture from 1906 to 1942. <br /><br /><strong>Biographical Note.</strong> Andrew Jackson Greene (March 2, 1883-August 12, 1942) was a life-long resident of Watauga County, North Carolina and instructor in several Watauga schools including Appalachian State Teachers College (A.S.T.C). Greene worked as a farmer, public school teacher, and college professor. Greene was an enthusiastic diarist maintaining regular entries from 1906 to the day before his death. He also recorded A.S.T.C. faculty meetings from January 9, 1915 to May 3, 1940. He married Polly Warren, and they had three children, Ralph, Maxie, and Lester. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Greene, Andrew Jackson, 1883-1942 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/190">AC.105: Andrew Jackson Greene Collection</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1906-1942 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">No Copyright - United States</a> Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Diary of Andrew Jackson Greene, Volume 65 [October 20, 1927 - January 24, 1928] Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="Andrew Jackson Greene Collection, 1906-1942" href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/190" target="_blank">Andrew Jackson Greene Collection, 1906-1942</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1927-1928 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 83.4 MB 101 pages Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 105_065_1927_1020_1928_0124 Description An account of the resource This diary was recorded from October 20, 1927 through January 24, 1928. Greene recorded the details of important talks that he heard at the school, such as the talk by Professor Dougherty about saving money. He also included information about how his church was doing. He includes writing about what he thought of the services and his thoughts on Sunday school. Other topics include visits with family and friends, the weather, community events, and travel. Subject The topic of the resource Watauga County (N.C.)--Social life and customs--20th century Baptists--Clergy--North Carolina--Watauga County Greene, Andrew Jackson, 1883-1942 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Greene, Andrew Jackson, 1883-1942 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">No Copyright – United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Diaries Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. <a title="Andrew Jackson "Greene collection" href="https://omeka.library.appstate.edu/collections/show/39" target="_blank"> Andrew Jackson Greene collection </a> Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Watauga County (N.C.) Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. <a title="https://www.geonames.org/4497707/watauga-county.html" href="https://www.geonames.org/4497707/watauga-county.html" target="_blank"> https://www.geonames.org/4497707/watauga-county.html</a> Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1920s Baptist Church of Boone Brushy Fork Conly Glenn Elk Park Gragg Farm Greene Inn Hodges Gap Mabel Miss Annie Matney Mountain City Squire Albert Dotson Vilas W.W. Campbell Welfare Board Zionville https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/92bd43aeeb5657f48de1acad12750bde.pdf 407744b189f70a58136eecdb038921d2 PDF Text Text r? 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Title A name given to the resource Andrew Jackson Greene Collection Description An account of the resource The Andrew Jackson Greene Collection consists of more than 160 diaries written by Greene who describes Watauga County's education system, including Appalachian State Teachers College, cultural and religious life, and agriculture from 1906 to 1942. <br /><br /><strong>Biographical Note.</strong> Andrew Jackson Greene (March 2, 1883-August 12, 1942) was a life-long resident of Watauga County, North Carolina and instructor in several Watauga schools including Appalachian State Teachers College (A.S.T.C). Greene worked as a farmer, public school teacher, and college professor. Greene was an enthusiastic diarist maintaining regular entries from 1906 to the day before his death. He also recorded A.S.T.C. faculty meetings from January 9, 1915 to May 3, 1940. He married Polly Warren, and they had three children, Ralph, Maxie, and Lester. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Greene, Andrew Jackson, 1883-1942 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/190">AC.105: Andrew Jackson Greene Collection</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1906-1942 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">No Copyright - United States</a> Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Diary of Andrew Jackson Greene, Volume 68 [August 6, 1928 - November 10, 1928] Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="Andrew Jackson Greene Collection, 1906-1942" href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/190" target="_blank">Andrew Jackson Greene Collection, 1906-1942</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1928 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 79.4 MB 102 pages Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 105_068_1928_0806_1928_1110 Description An account of the resource Andrew Jackson Greene kept this diary from August 6th through November 10th, during the year of 1928. Each day, Greene recorded entries about the weather, community events, friends and family visits. He also included entries devoted to Appalachian Training School, he even names some of the buildings still found on the Appalachian State University campus today such as Justice Hall and White Hall. Subject The topic of the resource Watauga County (N.C.)--Social life and customs--20th century Baptists--Clergy--North Carolina--Watauga County Greene, Andrew Jackson, 1883-1942 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Greene, Andrew Jackson, 1883-1942 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">No Copyright – United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Diaries Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. <a title="Andrew Jackson "Greene collection" href="https://omeka.library.appstate.edu/collections/show/39" target="_blank"> Andrew Jackson Greene collection </a> Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Watauga County (N.C.) Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. <a title="https://www.geonames.org/4497707/watauga-county.html" href="https://www.geonames.org/4497707/watauga-county.html" target="_blank"> https://www.geonames.org/4497707/watauga-county.html</a> Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1920s Appalachian State Normal School Avery County Boone Bristol Caldwell County court Dr. W.A. Stanburym Raleigh NC Edwin Dougherty Elk Park faculty meeting Hardie Lyons J.H. Highsmith Justice Hall Leroy Martin Middle Fork Church Miss Mary Hale Miss Ruth Rankin Mitchell County N.C. President Dougherty Reverend P.A. Hicks Vilas W.H. Brown Watauga County N.C. West Jefferson Wilkes County Yancey County https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/7815a29023c7f10ec24c2c1b138898a5.pdf bdca0b42a9ecc0a93bdf03af86d59f5c PDF Text Text ^V eo/cM^K , - - - / ; - - . -\ . • . M - , -, . ; I �J J S& cJ^*<4-jdL _^5^- ^i^L^^x^V-y / ^C^^lb- » �I? 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For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Andrew Jackson Greene Collection Description An account of the resource The Andrew Jackson Greene Collection consists of more than 160 diaries written by Greene who describes Watauga County's education system, including Appalachian State Teachers College, cultural and religious life, and agriculture from 1906 to 1942. <br /><br /><strong>Biographical Note.</strong> Andrew Jackson Greene (March 2, 1883-August 12, 1942) was a life-long resident of Watauga County, North Carolina and instructor in several Watauga schools including Appalachian State Teachers College (A.S.T.C). Greene worked as a farmer, public school teacher, and college professor. Greene was an enthusiastic diarist maintaining regular entries from 1906 to the day before his death. He also recorded A.S.T.C. faculty meetings from January 9, 1915 to May 3, 1940. He married Polly Warren, and they had three children, Ralph, Maxie, and Lester. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Greene, Andrew Jackson, 1883-1942 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/190">AC.105: Andrew Jackson Greene Collection</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1906-1942 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">No Copyright - United States</a> Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Diary of Andrew Jackson Greene, Volume 72 [July 31, 1929 - November 3, 1929] Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="Andrew Jackson Greene Collection, 1906-1942" href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/190" target="_blank">Andrew Jackson Greene Collection, 1906-1942</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1929 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 86.7 MB 101 pages Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 105_072_1929_0731_1929_1103 Description An account of the resource This diary was written from July 31 through November 3, 1929. Each Day Andrew Jackson Greene recorded he thoughts on every detail of his day. He typically started entries with weather information, and then moved into discussing the events at the school, then church, and his evenings spent with friends and colleagues. Subject The topic of the resource Watauga County (N.C.)--Social life and customs--20th century Baptists--Clergy--North Carolina--Watauga County Greene, Andrew Jackson, 1883-1942 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Greene, Andrew Jackson, 1883-1942 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">No Copyright – United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Diaries Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. <a title="Andrew Jackson "Greene collection" href="https://omeka.library.appstate.edu/collections/show/39" target="_blank"> Andrew Jackson Greene collection </a> Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Watauga County (N.C.) Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. <a title="https://www.geonames.org/4497707/watauga-county.html" href="https://www.geonames.org/4497707/watauga-county.html" target="_blank"> https://www.geonames.org/4497707/watauga-county.html</a> Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1920s Alexander Graham High School Alfred Thomas Appalachian State Normal School Appalachian State Teachers College Beaver Dam Boone Methodist Church Bristol Tennessee Cove Creek Church Cove Creek High School Dr. Allen State Superintendent of Public Instruction Dr. M.L. Kestler Dr. Will O. Gordon Elk Park faculty meeting Georgia State College Greene Inn Hill Billies Music I.G. Greer J.H. Brinkley J.J. Moore J.K. Perry John C. Winston Publishing Company Johnnie Johnson Lincolnton Mabel Mountain City North Fork President Dougherty Reverend C.H. Maser Shulls Mills Stanford Maxtin Sunday School The Mills Home Vilas W.Y. Perry Willowdale Church https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/01177435e5d157a5baf8a728770a6b46.pdf 344406f15b35308e845939fe58154948 PDF Text Text $>£-4^ &r 1. �i*1 s^-y?--*-^--v--4't^~-^ , �" " —-t^n c-^vl^^& Ls / %sTrp^^<r ' (/ ' _^*>?^4j~-*-*^4^~ <?—r- ff �*^tsvi£s ^u^j^LJt^ • ^^t^t/—<—-^^x &-f~ <3^V~^Tsi^i_ ^ *t,-<^v-4s �^T -te-^ryis}^ " s^*^*^l><^1'—>^^" xa^r^ / —v~y-Tf^^~~~z ^~-&—a—&^i/i'— �r/r,— ^^C^c^^^i^- ^£>- OC^~ __X_ �)J _^&~~&-4^?-*~~ -33C-r-»-<S^-< J> -^—^2-8?-JA-«—- _ --^Z-a-c? —'Z'O— ^t^-0—r?^£. �/• ^^Pt^tt*****^ fi -^M^x^ue^ a .--a. �^-v_^CV^fr-*<X^-T*-^ ^^- -r%&~ 'T^^Tt) *y^^U4^ �/f, 7 �•££**-^-* C---^^y^—* ^^-L-ast-^-^" ^~7~~~~~ WtSZ. 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Title A name given to the resource Andrew Jackson Greene Collection Description An account of the resource The Andrew Jackson Greene Collection consists of more than 160 diaries written by Greene who describes Watauga County's education system, including Appalachian State Teachers College, cultural and religious life, and agriculture from 1906 to 1942. <br /><br /><strong>Biographical Note.</strong> Andrew Jackson Greene (March 2, 1883-August 12, 1942) was a life-long resident of Watauga County, North Carolina and instructor in several Watauga schools including Appalachian State Teachers College (A.S.T.C). Greene worked as a farmer, public school teacher, and college professor. Greene was an enthusiastic diarist maintaining regular entries from 1906 to the day before his death. He also recorded A.S.T.C. faculty meetings from January 9, 1915 to May 3, 1940. He married Polly Warren, and they had three children, Ralph, Maxie, and Lester. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Greene, Andrew Jackson, 1883-1942 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/190">AC.105: Andrew Jackson Greene Collection</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1906-1942 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">No Copyright - United States</a> Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Diary of Andrew Jackson Greene, Volume 76 [September 15, 1930 - November 28, 1930] Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="Andrew Jackson Greene Collection, 1906-1942" href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/190" target="_blank">Andrew Jackson Greene Collection, 1906-1942</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1930 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 74.1 MB 79 pages Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 105_076_1930_0915_1930_1128 Description An account of the resource Andrew Jackson Greene recorded daily entries in this diary from September 15th, through November 28th, during the year 1930. He recorded the ins and outs of his daily life. This includes visits from friends and family such as George Hayes as well as information about how his college classes are going. The school was really growing, and people other than locals were beginning to attend. Subject The topic of the resource Watauga County (N.C.)--Social life and customs--20th century Baptists--Clergy--North Carolina--Watauga County Greene, Andrew Jackson, 1883-1942 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Greene, Andrew Jackson, 1883-1942 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">No Copyright – United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Diaries Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. <a title="Andrew Jackson "Greene collection" href="https://omeka.library.appstate.edu/collections/show/39" target="_blank"> Andrew Jackson Greene collection </a> Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Watauga County (N.C.) Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. <a title="https://www.geonames.org/4497707/watauga-county.html" href="https://www.geonames.org/4497707/watauga-county.html" target="_blank"> https://www.geonames.org/4497707/watauga-county.html</a> Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1930s Alex Ellison Boone Boone High School Buncombe Junior College Calvin Hicks Clark’s Creek Baptist Church D.J. Horton Daniel Boone Park Elk Knob Elk Park Emma Henson G.W. Robbins George Hayes H.R. Eggers J.A. Warren King College in Bristol Tennessee Lincoln Memorial University at Winston-Salem Lucile Hopkins Meat Camp Mr. and Mrs. W.Y. Perry Mrs. Ruth Rankin Vilas Willowdale Sunday School Zionville https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/7738b3ea7614a7fc7dd0a9c6a43e679f.pdf 973506315fa8a55c02bbb0d92b57bc8a PDF Text Text MARGIN RULED �f JtUtmiS /0/ ?£U^ cX �Ct~*^--it^1/vi^~ _-x£z«- �a*- ^L0*&-^*- «^X 0 / —T^*—z*-t :// • / &^^fr~-*-s<4sr~~—'£^e~-*stif If J-^^L. «&r —•£—z-tj£—*y •— "—~yf ' ll -^£t~~ �7 ^—**—«^—<— ^^•--Z*—£^r\^s *&£~ ^4s*>—z*--* • ^t**^*3 �£t—>-t—-^c/ ^*r"~-~^ T—T-Z^*-**--*• g—• ^^Z^— �CXr^t^L- G^LA^*—7^—•<? 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MJ- ^zo — X- �P» 5 7--2^- fr-» ^ ^--7^>—^ —*-+&• -a^~ (7 /? �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Andrew Jackson Greene Collection Description An account of the resource The Andrew Jackson Greene Collection consists of more than 160 diaries written by Greene who describes Watauga County's education system, including Appalachian State Teachers College, cultural and religious life, and agriculture from 1906 to 1942. <br /><br /><strong>Biographical Note.</strong> Andrew Jackson Greene (March 2, 1883-August 12, 1942) was a life-long resident of Watauga County, North Carolina and instructor in several Watauga schools including Appalachian State Teachers College (A.S.T.C). Greene worked as a farmer, public school teacher, and college professor. Greene was an enthusiastic diarist maintaining regular entries from 1906 to the day before his death. He also recorded A.S.T.C. faculty meetings from January 9, 1915 to May 3, 1940. He married Polly Warren, and they had three children, Ralph, Maxie, and Lester. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Greene, Andrew Jackson, 1883-1942 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/190">AC.105: Andrew Jackson Greene Collection</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1906-1942 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">No Copyright - United States</a> Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Diary of Andrew Jackson Greene, Volume 81 [July 10, 1931 - September 9, 1931] Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="Andrew Jackson Greene Collection, 1906-1942" href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/190" target="_blank">Andrew Jackson Greene Collection, 1906-1942</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1931 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 81.1 MB 81 pages Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 105_081_1931_0710_1931_0909 Description An account of the resource From July 10 through September 9, 1931, Andrew Jackson Greene recorded this diary about his daily life. He wrote about the weather, the church and the community. At this point, his children were leaving home and he was realizing that it would be a struggle to keep his farm going. He was busy between the farm, the schoolwork, and being a minister. He knew he was aging and found it hard to finish work many days. He also wrote about the college. They reached the 700 mark. He wrote these things in addition to the smallest details of his everyday life. Subject The topic of the resource Watauga County (N.C.)--Social life and customs--20th century Baptists--Clergy--North Carolina--Watauga County Greene, Andrew Jackson, 1883-1942 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Greene, Andrew Jackson, 1883-1942 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">No Copyright – United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Diaries Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. <a title="Andrew Jackson "Greene collection" href="https://omeka.library.appstate.edu/collections/show/39" target="_blank"> Andrew Jackson Greene collection </a> Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Watauga County (N.C.) Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. <a title="https://www.geonames.org/4497707/watauga-county.html" href="https://www.geonames.org/4497707/watauga-county.html" target="_blank"> https://www.geonames.org/4497707/watauga-county.html</a> Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1930s Appalachian State Teachers College B.B. Dougherty Black Bear Trail. Sam Atkins Boone Daniel Boone Trail Depression Elizabethton Elk Park farming Football H.R. Eggers Mabel Meat Camp Mr. Hampton Rich President Dougherty Rich Mountain Sunday School Vilas https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/ef8d572a361fb869006e091cae5484f2.pdf a7e42b37cdb861ee653e3be0c1a7b678 PDF Text Text J? 33. 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Title A name given to the resource Andrew Jackson Greene Collection Description An account of the resource The Andrew Jackson Greene Collection consists of more than 160 diaries written by Greene who describes Watauga County's education system, including Appalachian State Teachers College, cultural and religious life, and agriculture from 1906 to 1942. <br /><br /><strong>Biographical Note.</strong> Andrew Jackson Greene (March 2, 1883-August 12, 1942) was a life-long resident of Watauga County, North Carolina and instructor in several Watauga schools including Appalachian State Teachers College (A.S.T.C). Greene worked as a farmer, public school teacher, and college professor. Greene was an enthusiastic diarist maintaining regular entries from 1906 to the day before his death. He also recorded A.S.T.C. faculty meetings from January 9, 1915 to May 3, 1940. He married Polly Warren, and they had three children, Ralph, Maxie, and Lester. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Greene, Andrew Jackson, 1883-1942 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/190">AC.105: Andrew Jackson Greene Collection</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1906-1942 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">No Copyright - United States</a> Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Diary of Andrew Jackson Greene, Volume 88 [August 17, 1932 - October 14, 1932] Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="Andrew Jackson Greene Collection, 1906-1942" href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/190" target="_blank">Andrew Jackson Greene Collection, 1906-1942</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1932 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 83.7 MB 79 pages Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 105_088_1932_0817_1932_1014 Description An account of the resource This diary was kept by Andrew Jackson Greene from August 17th through October 14th during the year of 1932. People name throughout this diary include but are not limited to L.D. Abernathy, Alice Cook, and Dr. Gary Hill. This diary includes the daily recordings of Greene about his everyday life such as what was happening at the college, how the weather was that day, and the well-being of his friends and neighbors that he visited. Subject The topic of the resource Watauga County (N.C.)--Social life and customs--20th century Baptists--Clergy--North Carolina--Watauga County Greene, Andrew Jackson, 1883-1942 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Greene, Andrew Jackson, 1883-1942 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">No Copyright – United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Diaries Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. <a title="Andrew Jackson "Greene collection" href="https://omeka.library.appstate.edu/collections/show/39" target="_blank"> Andrew Jackson Greene collection </a> Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Watauga County (N.C.) Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. <a title="https://www.geonames.org/4497707/watauga-county.html" href="https://www.geonames.org/4497707/watauga-county.html" target="_blank"> https://www.geonames.org/4497707/watauga-county.html</a> Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1930s A.J. Greene Alice Cook Appalachian State Teachers College Boone Cove Creek High School Dr. Abernathy Dr. Gary Dr. Patton Dr. W.H. Frazier Elizabeth Greer Elk Park Executive Committee of the Association of the Baptist Church Glade Springs Virginia J.J. Spainhour Jasper Thomas L.D. Abernathy Mary Sue Thompson Meeting of the Welfare Board Mr. Leanoard Eury Prayer bath Reverend J.A. Yount Reverend P.A. Hicks Summer Commencement Vilas Willowdale Church https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/864a71e556beb50339f802559a99b182.pdf 8c98e52039c0b4ab8e5f710eabb97570 PDF Text Text o£^V*— ~ ' sy^P^f j<y, Composition r ** * Property of. Subject j^s^y. 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P( " /^7^T^7^^/^^^ —t—<t—-xr~- H ^ r �^^ /^ �XD < ^^^~l4~Sf^* �^f~ ^ju-c^j ^-^z^/ o&U-J^o~^- Q^r;::2t^^?LJe^^>^y A^- ^£-TS*-^t-*^ h^f-v-i-' * 6fa<<y �— O -^P-4- & ^H^f^a / ~4&^U' =*=!*. J5^.=r^ .^-j^rt^vi _ •«fcC*»^Kr" �3 jo l^ *-J & ^_^- �o^-ju^-- •a *--»-3^t+-Te^r?^<srrTa--& ^jr-u^^rT^- A-» -£, • . �s\r*V\,.- w £-25, &^-i^42j/ . stt #a it *-# Jy-&---^jL^^>fui^ ^t^x_^-; / -^ /? *- y--U). zf ~^LU^fc—£^ _-^^-^-€^> -^-^^X --^-^z-*^<^-^-z /7 f-l-TlX^-lA-t^- ^ • v7^ ^L±-iL _^-l~^ts-t>~ /n 0-&*4~-?*1r<<~<}> —?*^_ £>-f-^ ~ y? ' Sl-t^rrt~s �^f ^^l^n^t^ �-^C-—-• " * /*• T ^7 -!:J'1*-^pi^ —/ V V s^&-r~r3-^~ s&^-Af - ��-—-p^r^nf-jl- •- x-->-iZ--Z^-- �p fi4—.&-*t-4-^£*—«*—-^-L--^ &^/—#i—<>- �ft / -rT^— /v^ v^ '-73^2""^ '—^"7- ( ��� https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/d5de0a942c320587ccbf0375c440a56a.pdf c479c61eb74a88b1bcbfadee574ff3c7 PDF Text Text poonc ,M. %.fflijurclj,$a 3. H. BRENDAI.L, JR., PASTOR BOONE, N. C. x7 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Andrew Jackson Greene Collection Description An account of the resource The Andrew Jackson Greene Collection consists of more than 160 diaries written by Greene who describes Watauga County's education system, including Appalachian State Teachers College, cultural and religious life, and agriculture from 1906 to 1942. <br /><br /><strong>Biographical Note.</strong> Andrew Jackson Greene (March 2, 1883-August 12, 1942) was a life-long resident of Watauga County, North Carolina and instructor in several Watauga schools including Appalachian State Teachers College (A.S.T.C). Greene worked as a farmer, public school teacher, and college professor. Greene was an enthusiastic diarist maintaining regular entries from 1906 to the day before his death. He also recorded A.S.T.C. faculty meetings from January 9, 1915 to May 3, 1940. He married Polly Warren, and they had three children, Ralph, Maxie, and Lester. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Greene, Andrew Jackson, 1883-1942 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/190">AC.105: Andrew Jackson Greene Collection</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1906-1942 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">No Copyright - United States</a> Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Diary of Andrew Jackson Greene, Volume 98 [July 30, 1934 - October 8, 1934] Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="Andrew Jackson Greene Collection, 1906-1942" href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/190" target="_blank">Andrew Jackson Greene Collection, 1906-1942</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1934 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 158 MB 147 pages Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 105_098_1934_0730_1934_1008 Description An account of the resource The letter included is from a diary reader who enjoyed reading Greene’s diaries. He believed that Greene had a great knack for analyzing major characteristics of people. This diary was recorded in 1934 by Andrew Jackson Greene from July 30th through October 8th. He included the usual current events and reflections. His common subjects were Sunday school, Appalachian State Teachers College, his neighbors, and the weather. Subject The topic of the resource Watauga County (N.C.)--Social life and customs--20th century Baptists--Clergy--North Carolina--Watauga County Greene, Andrew Jackson, 1883-1942 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Greene, Andrew Jackson, 1883-1942 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">No Copyright – United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Diaries Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. <a title="Andrew Jackson "Greene collection" href="https://omeka.library.appstate.edu/collections/show/39" target="_blank"> Andrew Jackson Greene collection </a> Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Watauga County (N.C.) Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. <a title="https://www.geonames.org/4497707/watauga-county.html" href="https://www.geonames.org/4497707/watauga-county.html" target="_blank"> https://www.geonames.org/4497707/watauga-county.html</a> Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1930s A.J. Maxwell Appalachian State Teachers College Attorney General Banner Elk Betty Johnson Boone Boone Methodist Church Carolina Store Carrie Smith Claude Eastridge Coy Presnell Cozy Nook Curriculum Committee D.J. Cottrell Elk Park Globe in Caldwell County J.A. Williams John Barryman Juanita McDougall Lenoir North Carolina Lower Creek Baptist Church New Constitution of North Carolina Physical Education Institute Professor D.D. Dougherty Professor G.P. Eggers Professor W.F. Marshall Raleigh N. C. Reverend W.R. Barnes Rich Mountain Shirley Lee Waters Thelma Moretz Vilas W.L. 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JfW-st'aJ.jrt � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Andrew Jackson Greene Collection Description An account of the resource The Andrew Jackson Greene Collection consists of more than 160 diaries written by Greene who describes Watauga County's education system, including Appalachian State Teachers College, cultural and religious life, and agriculture from 1906 to 1942. <br /><br /><strong>Biographical Note.</strong> Andrew Jackson Greene (March 2, 1883-August 12, 1942) was a life-long resident of Watauga County, North Carolina and instructor in several Watauga schools including Appalachian State Teachers College (A.S.T.C). Greene worked as a farmer, public school teacher, and college professor. Greene was an enthusiastic diarist maintaining regular entries from 1906 to the day before his death. He also recorded A.S.T.C. faculty meetings from January 9, 1915 to May 3, 1940. He married Polly Warren, and they had three children, Ralph, Maxie, and Lester. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Greene, Andrew Jackson, 1883-1942 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/190">AC.105: Andrew Jackson Greene Collection</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1906-1942 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">No Copyright - United States</a> Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="Andrew Jackson Greene Collection, 1906-1942" href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/190" target="_blank">Andrew Jackson Greene Collection, 1906-1942</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1936 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 87 MB 79 pages Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 105_108_1936_0718_1938_0824 Description An account of the resource This diary was recorded by Andrew Jackson Greene from July 18th through August 24th during the year of 1936. Inside are personal reflections from Greene about his family, his health, his schoolwork, and his reactions to church sermons or Sunday School lessons. He also chose to record information about community events and happening in and around Appalachian State Teachers College. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Greene, Andrew Jackson, 1883-1942 Title A name given to the resource Diary of Andrew Jackson Greene, Volume 108 [July 18, 1936 - August 24, 1936] Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">No Copyright – United States</a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Diaries Subject The topic of the resource Greene, Andrew Jackson, 1883-1942 Watauga County (N.C.)--Social life and customs--20th century Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. <a title="Andrew Jackson "Greene collection" href="https://omeka.library.appstate.edu/collections/show/39" target="_blank"> Andrew Jackson Greene collection </a> Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Watauga County (N.C.) Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. <a title="https://www.geonames.org/4497707/watauga-county.html" href="https://www.geonames.org/4497707/watauga-county.html" target="_blank"> https://www.geonames.org/4497707/watauga-county.html</a> Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1930s Appalachian State Teachers College Archie Warren B.S. Duggar Billy Harmon Carrie Smith D.F. C. Brown Dean Rankin Don Isaacs Dr. L.L. Vaughn Duke University Elk Park G.H. Thomas Henry Brinkley J.H. Isaacs Joe Moody John A. Lomax Pearl Bingham President Dougherty Professor G.P. Eggers R.A. Thomas Reverend R.C. Pointer State College T.C. Baird T.H. Williams The Living Jefferson The Romance of the Siamese Twins Vilas Wiley Cole https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/b9abdabaf75399c214e657a1c050f6ad.pdf 54112842db69134dc664edf59d0fe003 PDF Text Text tz^^&flt* ^t-e*it^ ^tif ^-7t^u^_«-. —--i>l 0 ^^Jsl^-f— — _--<fe-g. x-/^^ ^-feg£s3C2!±1^2L- &___^£&*^ ~^L~^—-^-i^-^ £>C-^—e. �^/l^9-*14s--ri~-' • . _--z£^£«--'— CK '3-0- ^£*- CV •:•- ley *^jkJL-~»~~Ts£t^&j �L-'Zr^'xi, ~0 I 7 / 0i^Uj-r- ': C^fr-**^<-**^*-*-~*-- , ��_c?^^ /~-*^ <^C-~—. i,^/^^.^.-^^- -^l^-tte, ^&-*~e-~«-- 2&<^^=£^fe< ^/2-^—tf^^ �'•** . -^i£~-rL-£_^£*-*r?-- ^/LXi^ _^x^4»t>e^__^^g±^--.-r±< C^t-l^p^-T—j^. . /^-^ /? <?l+-*C& . �^r~ •"^W^-T^-^ e~T&-*1/f^- ' •*-&->- �/ �£r <^/Z^~7 y\_^~e-0i'- (7-4s(s~) z»- _^« . ^*--&iS �-W-"" _-v*-»*--^~/^«-^<*;^A '"%%' �•±Sn__^^2*±: ™™^2!r^r*^r7 / /-C--C-*—c--fe _^-£^—-?£-e^-. �^-•-?L-€<C^—-f^- ^£*~?^s£- •~^£*-t**~^'0&~fLT*V—- (&.?**£• _^£^t-4~ v- . 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Z7 c^---^^-a^-y-<- JL ~^hn^n <gE-<- <£><.^3S>-i7 y? ^—<>-C ~^-4~**j- £^^^.^*r=-_^LM& r^^^L~-*^t^££+~*£^t>- ^e . _^_. -%=?=* .—'(L^-xS^C^c.—a^L 0~-rf? �^—V^t*t^~~ -»-T^--— ~» � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Andrew Jackson Greene Collection Description An account of the resource The Andrew Jackson Greene Collection consists of more than 160 diaries written by Greene who describes Watauga County's education system, including Appalachian State Teachers College, cultural and religious life, and agriculture from 1906 to 1942. <br /><br /><strong>Biographical Note.</strong> Andrew Jackson Greene (March 2, 1883-August 12, 1942) was a life-long resident of Watauga County, North Carolina and instructor in several Watauga schools including Appalachian State Teachers College (A.S.T.C). Greene worked as a farmer, public school teacher, and college professor. Greene was an enthusiastic diarist maintaining regular entries from 1906 to the day before his death. He also recorded A.S.T.C. faculty meetings from January 9, 1915 to May 3, 1940. He married Polly Warren, and they had three children, Ralph, Maxie, and Lester. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Greene, Andrew Jackson, 1883-1942 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/190">AC.105: Andrew Jackson Greene Collection</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1906-1942 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">No Copyright - United States</a> Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="Andrew Jackson Greene Collection, 1906-1942" href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/190" target="_blank">Andrew Jackson Greene Collection, 1906-1942</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1938 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 59.2 MB 64 pages Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 105_134_1938_0523_1938_0614 Description An account of the resource This diary was recorded from May 23 through June 14, 1938 by Andrew Jackson Greene. In this diary, Greene recorded personal reflections and important details of each day. These writings are centered around places in and around Watauga County, such as Brushy Fork Valley, Cozy Nook, Elk Park, Boone, Rich Mountain, Vilas, and Cove Creek. He also focused many of these writings around Appalachian State Teachers College, and around other members of the community and conversations held with them. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Greene, Andrew Jackson, 1883-1942 Title A name given to the resource Diary of Andrew Jackson Greene, Volume 134 [May 23, 1938 - June 14, 1938] Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">No Copyright – United States</a> Subject The topic of the resource Watauga County (N.C.)--Social life and customs--20th century Greene, Andrew Jackson, 1883-1942 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Diaries Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. <a title="Andrew Jackson "Greene collection" href="https://omeka.library.appstate.edu/collections/show/39" target="_blank"> Andrew Jackson Greene collection </a> Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Watauga County (N.C.) Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. <a title="https://www.geonames.org/4497707/watauga-county.html" href="https://www.geonames.org/4497707/watauga-county.html" target="_blank"> https://www.geonames.org/4497707/watauga-county.html</a> Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1930s Albert Wilson Appalachian State Teachers College Banner Elk Bogle Cole Boone Brushy Fork Valley Cove Creek Coy Billings Cozy Nook Curb Market Daisy Williams Dayton Wilson Dean Rankin Dixie Store Elk Park Eugene Wike Grace Smith Grady Bradley Greene Inn Hardin Dugger Hazel Hicks Henry Brinkley Ira Edminsten John Henry Whittington Johnnie Walker O. J. Harmon President Dougherty Reverend L.C. Wilson Rich Mountain Russell Adkins Sarah Katherine Trivett Vilas Watauga County N.C. https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/2b8ff52594ba8c11ce4897d5c7a77998.mp3 5aaab0341314c24cf62e539863e2f7e7 https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/e2ff16b84bb951d71cfff050775c251f.mp3 87850752fb6c30aa10ba270932d65b0b https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/00eb4ea4c7c28041afbd5f8199de5234.pdf 97b38f175018b9645b0db1f59d45484f PDF Text Text Oral History Transcript Appalachian State University • Collection 111, Tape 235 Interviewee: J.O. Shell Interviewer: Barbara Greenberg 23 July 1974 BG: Barbara Greenberg JO: James O. Shell BG: This is a recording of Mr. J.O. Shell, done by Barbara Greenberg on July 23, 1974 at his son’s home in what area is this? JO: It’s Elk River. BG: Well, tell me Mr. Shell were you born and raised in this area? JO: No, I was born on Upper Shell Creek in Tennessee. And my father died when I was two months old and my mother, she moved back to the Heaton area. And I was principally raised in the Heaton area. BG: What year were you born? JO: I was born in 1892. BG: How many brothers and sisters did you have? JO: I had one whole sister, one half-sister, and four half-brothers. BG: Was Shell Creek, was that area named after your family? JO: Well, it’s been known as Shell Creek ever since I’ve known anything. My grandfather lived there and went to school. I went down there and went to school on up to Shell Creek for a while; stayed with my grandfather. BG: Do you remember very much about your grandfather? JO: Well, not too much. BG: What did he do for a living? JO: Well, he owned a farm up on Shell Creek. Worked on a farm. 1 �BG: Was your father a farmer also? JO: No, he was a carpenter. BG: Oh, was he? JO: Yes, he was a carpenter. I had part of his old tools until the ‘41 flood and I loved them. I had his toolbox and tools sitting out on the porch and it washed a part of the kitchen away and all his old tools away. BG: Boy! I hear the flood back then, was it in 1940 or was it ’41? JO: I believe it was ’41, but I’m not sure. BG: I’ve talked to several people who lived out in the Foscoe area and they told me that the flood really hit hard out there. JO: Oh, it was hard here. I can remember a hard one in 1901. But I can’t remember much about it because I was too young. BG: Did the flood of ’40 or ’41, did that affect many of the farmers around here? Did they have a real hard year that year? JO: Yes, it washed a lot of their stuff away. BG: Did anybody have any crops to sell or did they just barely have enough to feed their family? JO: I don’t know of anybody that had anything to sell. Don’t remember anyone. But I do know, remember it was stronger across the way. I had a good garden up there and it came and washed the land away and just left a rock bar. BG: How did your family decide how much of each crop they should plant each year? JO: Well, I don’t know really, they just decided about what they could really take care of. Back then people used horses you know, and plowed the ground with a horse. Some tried to plow with one horse, some of them with two. And they mostly tended their crop with a hoe. Back when I was a small boy. BG: I bet you worked in the fields a lot, since your family was smaller than a lot of the other families at that time. JO: I didn’t understand just what… BG: No, I’m just saying that you probably had to do a lot of work, a lot of chores yourself since 2 �your family was so much smaller, is that right? JO: Yes, yes. BG: What were some of the other chores that you had to do? JO: That was about the biggest thing that we did, was farm, but when I got to be old enough to drive a team, my stepfather, he had a yoke of oxen, and he would put me out hauling for those oxen. I’d make about $3 a day. I would give him six days and make $18 a week with that team. I thought we were doing well. BG: Can you describe a typical day for me when you had to go out and work the oxen? What time would you get up in the morning? JO: Oh, usually got up about four o’clock and got the horses fed, after that I drove the horses and I would get feeding, get up and go to feed about four o’clock in the morning. Eating breakfast started out in the dark and it would be dark when you got back that night. BG: When you came home that night, would dinner be all ready for you? JO: Oh, yes. And I can remember working at the Cranberry dome (iron ore that was mined in nearby Cranberry). And I worked ten-hour days. BG: How far was that to walk? JO: It was about, something over four miles each way. BG: Can you remember if there were ever any years when your family didn’t have enough food? JO: No, we always had food, except only during the 1901 flood I believe. Anyway, food got scarce then and we didn’t have much, couldn’t get anything one time. BG: Did your family plant their crops according to the moon? JO: Well, to some extent they did. BG: Can you remember any of the certain signs that were good for planting certain crops? JO: Well, I don’t remember just exactly but a lot of times, certain things they wanted to plant when the moon was new. And other things when it was an old moon. 3 �BG: When the Depression hit, what were you doing at this time? JO: In ‘30? BG: 1929, ’30 yes. JO: I was postmaster at that time. BG: When did you first become postmaster? JO: I was appointed in 1914, I believe in November. I forget what day in November. My commission is in there on the wall (in another room); you can go in there and look at it if you want to. BG: Great. In a little while maybe I can even take a picture of that. Well, tell me a little bit about you, when you were postmaster. What did you do? JO: Well, I worked about every day in the post office. But sometimes, I’d leave my wife and my daughter, when my daughter got old enough with the post office. And I got out and worked on a farm. And I can remember as I was always lazy about milking my cows and people teased me and said my cows would wait for me to milk them until after dark. BG: How many years were you postmaster? JO: Nearly 39. BG: 39 years, boy. And in which area? In Heaton? JO: Heaton, yes. The old building is there yet. Do you know where J.C. Ellis’s store is? BG: On the left as you’re going back towards Boone? JO: Boone, yes ma’am. The old post office is right in front of his on the right hand side of the road. It’s there yet. That old building is. BG: Let me see, what was the political scene like at that time? How did people tend to vote? JO: Well, just like they do now, but you know we didn’t have any radios, television like now. You watch news right off and sometimes it would be three or four days before we would get the news. I can remember when Woodrow Wilson was first elected. There was a friend of mine, he was about my age and we were kind of good friends you know, and together quite a bit. And I knew he was a strong Republican you know. Just after we heard the news that Woodrow Wilson had been elected to his first term. I saw him coming down the road. I stuck my head out, just waiting until he got past the door and stuck my head out around, out the door and hollered 4 �“Hurrah for Woodrow Wilson.” He turned back and looked over his should and said, “Hurrah for a dad burn fool!” (both laugh). That really tickled me you know. I just fell back and laughed. And then later on, after he became a man Mike changed from a strong Republican to a strong Democrat. But he and I were always friends. BG: Were the majority of the people Democrats at that time? JO: No. Most of the folks in Avery County were Republicans and are yet. BG: Was the Heaton area, was that Avery County at that time? JO: Yes. At that time it was. But at one time it was Mitchell County, that was when I was just a small child. Avery County was established in 1910 or 1911. I forget which. BG: Did many people in this area have slaves at that time? JO: Have what? BG: Slaves. JO: Sleighs? The children had quite a few. I can remember a mail carrier that carried the mail from Boone to Elk Park. It gets slick and bad sometimes and he’d carry it with horses on a sled. Jeff Billings was the mail carrier at that time. And he usually just had a small team of horses. He would hook them to that sled and carry the mail on a sled. And then another time there was a route from Heaton to Beech Creek. My brother-in-law, he carried the mail from Heaton to Beech Creek. He’d tell me about snow drifts being so deep that a lot of times he’d be walking there, he’d come to a snow drift that he would get a hold of the horse and pull him through that drift. BG: Boy, that’s some deep snow. JO: The winters back then, you know, were even harder than they are now. BG: I wonder why all of these changes are taking place like that? JO: Well, I think the Bible is fulfilled because, you know, the Bible says that time will come that you can’t tell winter from summer. It seems to me that its getting much lighter than they used to be. BG: A lot of people really believe that that’s what’s happening. Was there many “crooked carrying-on” in the political elections? JO: Well, it was about lit it is now, as far as I know. People… 5 �BG: Somebody was telling me that they didn’t go out and buy your vote with money. They would go out and then take you to the polls and make you sick. JO: Oh, I never did get drunk enough to know anything about that. I never id drink any whiskey much. I remember getting drunk when I was a little bitty boy. My mother let me go over to my grandfather’s to stay overnight, my sister and I. And she told us to come home the next morning early. My grandfather he was a good religious man but he always kept a jug, an old stone jug sitting under his bed with a little whiskey in it. And he’s take it down before breakfast every morning so he got his whiskey and picked him up a glass. He passed it to me, I just hung on to it and drunk until he took it from me. So good you know and I wasn’t used to it, and so I got so sick, my sister couldn’t take me home. It was way up in the day, about 10 or 11 o’clock until I was able to go home. I didn’t know any better and I just kept drinking. That’s the only, well, I remember getting drunk one time after that. I was a small boy. I wasn’t but…Sunday school teacher. Did you hear him sing at Elk Park Sunday nights? I got a couple of other fellers and went out one night and had a pint of whiskey. We drank that pint of whiskey and all got kind of high on it. That was my last. Well, another time I stayed with one of my friends one night. One of them got so drunk he couldn’t get home and so we had to stay all night. And next morning I went home and felt so bad. And my stepfather had a big old mule and he told me he wanted to plow that mule that day. And I thought well, could I ever make it? But I finally got the old mule and wen over to the field and after I was there I got to work, I got hot, and I got better and worked all day. But that was my last time I ever got the old saying is “high.” BG: Did a lot of the people around here used get, as you say, “high?” JO: Well, no more than it is now, I don’t think. BG: Let’s go back to your early life on the farm a little bit. Did you and your sisters, were the jobs – the chores, were they divided that you had to do a certain think or did you all work together? JO: No, my stepfather would go off and tell us to do certain tasks, give us a certain thing and we usually always got it done. If we didn’t we were afraid we’d get a whipping. BG: Did you and your sister alternate jobs? Like you did something one time and the next time it had to be done and she would do it? JO: No, we usually just did little jobs both together. Of course, she helped in the kitchen you know, and I didn’t too much. BG: What type farm machinery, farm equipment did you use then? 6 �JO: We just used old one horse plows and some two-horse turn plows, hillside plows you know mostly. And then we used hoes for the rest. BG: When modern farm machinery came out, what kind of effect did it have on the farmer? JO: Well, on some of them, it was quite a help. But some didn’t farm enough to buy it and they had to farm the old fashion way. BG: Did it seem to give the farmer a lot more leisure time or did he have to spend a lot of time taking care of his new equipment? JO: It seemed like he worked quite a bit. BG: Did your family ever grow any crops, any cash crops? JO: I don’t remember it. Had many things to sell. Now, I raised beans after I got grown. I raised them for several years. I sold them of course and then I sued to raise cabbage to sell. BG: Would you sell your crops to big buyers or would you sell it to small buyers? JO: Well, usually just small buyers would come around with a wagon or a truck you know. Buy it. After I got older and raised more stuff, there was quite a lot of people hauling the stuff to Knoxville and sold it. BG: Did they get much better prices down there? JO: They would get a much better price down there than they could around here. BG: Would all the farmers get together and just make one big haul to Knoxville or would everybody go separately and take their own? JO: Why, they would usually have enough stuff just to take a load of their own, you know. We used trucks. Of course we traded down around Johnson City and Elizabethton some back in the horse and wagon days. They hauled it on a wagon. BG: Did your neighbors help you harvest your crops? JO: Well, some. They would, back in those days you know. They would clear a piece of land, and they would get a certain date for a log rolling and a lot of the men in the community would come and help pile the logs you know. And you would always fix up a good dinner for them and have a good time. I remember I was going to a corn shucking one night after I was married, after I was grown and was shucking corn and somebody hit me in the head with an ear of corn. I never did find out who it was. I don’t know whether they did it accidently or whether they did it on purpose. 7 �BG: Can you remember any other stories about any particular corn shuckings when something funny happened? JO: Well, I remember we used to go to several but I don’t remember any specific accidents that happened much. BG: Did people give rewards for people who shucked the most corn or did you play games or anything like that? JO: Well, sometimes they would play games. They never got any rewards that I remember. BG: It seems like families used to be closer together then, and the neighbors used to help out more? Could you tell me a little bit about that? JO: Well, if a person…if one certain person was building a new house you know, the neighbors would come and help him on the building. And you don’t see any of that anymore. They always have to do their own work. Nobody will help you free much. Of course people do yet, you know some. But they were better to help each other seems to be, back several years ago than they are now. BG: Where did you go to school, around here? JO: Well, we had a school over at Heaton. I went there until 1910. I believe it was and then I went to Melvin one year, down at Melvin College. But I had not completed high school at that time. And in 1911, we had a high school, the first high school that was ever in Avery County. I believe it was 1911 or 1912, I’m not sure. And I went to high school one year at Elk Park on the side of the hill. BG: Can you describe it to me, what did it look like? JO: Well, I can’t remember too much of what it looked like. But I can tell you who the principal was. Professor Pearson was his name. But I don’t remember his given name. BG: How did he teach, if there were so many different grades in this one classroom, how would he teach everybody something different at the same time? JO: Well, they just have different classes, you know. And while one class was doing one thing then he’d be teaching another class something else. BG: Yes. Did you used to write on slates? JO: Yes, we used to have old slates, you know and slate pencils? 8 �BG: Penny pencils? JO: No, I don’t know if they were. I don’t know what they called them, they didn’t have any wood on them, you know they were jut a little pencil you marked with on the slates. BG: They didn’t have any wood on the pencil, it was just like lead? JO: They were chalk you know, they used a blackboard and used chalk a lot. Can you remember seeing chalk? BG: Chalk? JO: Chalk? To write with. BG: White chalk, yes, we used that. JO: Well, we used that a lot back in my days, when I was going to school. BG: What type of classes did you learn when you were in school? What subjects? JO: I studied arithmetic and algebra, history and geography, and I don’t remember what else. BG: What type of games did you and your friends used to play at your recess time? JO: Oh, we played ball. They hit the ball and then they would run and if they got across before they go to the based, why they were out. Somebody else took their place. And then we had another one called “Bull Pen.” I know my uncle, he was a preacher, but he came to the school house and played Bull Pen with us. But I don’t remember too much about how we played it. BG: Did you used to make your own balls? JO: Oh yes, made it out of cotton thread. BG: Did you wrap leather around the balls, is that what you used to do? Somebody was telling me they would take their mother’s old shoes that were all worn out and wrap leather around the balls to make them last longer? JO: Well, I think they did that some, but usually back when I was going to school they just were thread ball. Just used cotton thread and rolled them. BG: Was it hard to make one? JO: No, no. 9 �BG: Did the girls play these games with you or… JO: Sometimes they would play ball some. I remember they used to have a game they would call “Dare Base,” they played that quite a bit. BG: Did a lot of the town people around here used to meet at one certain store in town and sit around and tell folktales and things like that? JO: I remember up there in Heaton, they used to do that and called it “Rover’s Story.” A little bit you know around there, some people called it “Rover’s Story.” BG: That’s a good name for it I guess. Were any of your neighbors or your family, were any of you all involved in playing banjos and making music? JO: No. None of my family did it. I had an uncle named James Heaton, he was a merchant, wholesale and retail merchant there in Heaton and he enjoyed singing mighty well. He usually always had singing for about two or three times a week. About once a week in the middle of the week and then on Sunday and Saturday. And he preached quite a bit. BG: Did you feel it was, or did the people feel that it was important to be real active in the community? JO: Be active? BG: Active, yes. JO: Well, I guess it was about then like it is now. People are about the same. BG: It seems like it would, the more active you were, the more it would help your political career and everything like that. JO: I can remember Eddie Ray’s brother, and he lived up there at Heaton. After they put in a Trailways bus, he would see that bus come in and say “Yonder, here comes the big bus.” That was Homer, Homer, Jr. Eddie Ray’s brother. BG: Does he live around, does he live…where now? JO: I don’t know where he’s at now. He must be in California. He’s still in the service. BG: Can you tell me the different between the things you did in the summertime compared to the wintertime? Was the summer a lot easier, even though you had all your farming to do or was it easier to fight off the cold in the wintertime? JO: Well, of course we didn’t have so much work to do, you know. Everybody burned wood 10 �mostly then. And had to get out and cut a lot of wood when it was cold and bad to get it in. I remember that we always had a fireplace and we would, if there was a fire, we would get a buckeye and cut it for back sticks. That was a stick to burn in the back and the other wood such as hickory and sugar tree and maybe oak and so on, for to burn in front of that back stick. That old back stick would be green buckeye and it would burn, last a long time. BG: Burn a lot slower. JO: Yes. BG: Can you tell me something about the houses back then? JO: Well, there were not many people that had very good houses. Just two or three roomed houses about what they mostly had. Some of them only had one room. And you never saw any carpets on the floor very often. BG: Really? I thought that a lot of the ladies used to weave their own carpet? JO: I never knew of anybody weaving any carpet but, I can remember the spinning wheels. They used to take wood and make yarn out of it. And use yarn for whatever they wanted to make like socks and so on. BG: A lot of the people raised their own sheep then? JO: Oh yes, there was quite a few sheep then but there are not that many now. BG: I don’t know, why do people not raise sheep anymore around here? JO: Well, dogs go so bad until I had to sell. I’ve raised sheep I guess, for 30 years. And gos got so bad, they killed the sheep, so I had to sell mine. Sold them two years, two or three years ago. I haven’t raised any in about three years. BG: Can you remember what the attitude of the people was when the first cars came to the area? JO: Yes, I can remember that people, they thought it was something great you know. And I can remember the first one I ever rode in. One of my friends that lived in Banner Elk bought one of the first cars that was around. I’d been somewhere walking and he picked me up between Heaton and Elk Park and gave me a ride and that’s something I can remember the first time I ever drove one too. Back then you didn’t have to have any license, you just bought your car and went ahead and used it. It was like with horses you know. But that didn’t last too long until you had to have a tag for each car. 11 �BG: How fast would those first cars go? JO: About 20 miles per hour. That was a pretty good speed. BG: Well, how did most people feel towards the car? Did they welcome it? JO: I think so. I think most of them appreciated them. BG: Can you think of any specific changes that started coming into use? JO: Well, I don’t know of anything special that happened. Of course people began to buy you know quick as they, people didn’t have money then that they have got now. And they would buy a car when they got able. BG: What about the railroads? Can you remember the first railroads? JO: Yes. I can remember a little narrow gauge that came from Johnson City to Boone. And I don’t remember, I believe it was the 1940 flood that washed away so much of it between Cranberry to Johnson City until about oh, I don’t know. Its been discontinued I guess about 20 years. They called it E.T. & W.N.C, the East Tennessee and Western North Carolina Railroad, but most people called it the “Arbuckle.” BG: what was the train ride like? Was it hot and smoky and anything like that? JO: No, no, it was a mighty good one. People you know riding the train. Sometimes they would have a special trip. I can remember going to Boone one time on a special trip. Just for the trip you know, no business. Just for the trip. BG: Did you take many trips that weren’t for business very often or did you usually go places for business purpose only? JO: Mostly for business purposes. BG: Can you tell me the difference in a weekday compared to a weekend? JO: I have to understand just what you mean by that. BG: Well, did you do farm work on the weekends the same as on the weekday? JO: Oh, yes. People used to work six days a week. Now they only work five. They used to work ten hours a day and now they only work eight. BG: Did everybody in the community go to church on Sunday? 12 �JO: No. But people went to church very little back then in those days. Of course, there were not near as many people as they are now you know. There just were not that many people like there are now. But they attended church very little back then. Like they do now, about the same amount. BG: Were the church services different then compared to how they are now? JO: Well, not too much. Preacher usually preached the Bible you know, couldn’t be much difference. BG: Some people have told me that…what was I going to say? Oh well. What were funerals like? JO: Well, they were different when somebody died in the community. Somebody made a coffin, they didn’t go to a store and buy it. There wasn’t any place to buy it. Somebody would make it. They would be buried in a homemade coffin. Now they wouldn’t know what a homemade coffin was I don’t guess. BG: I don’t guess so. JO: I used to remember this fellow named John Harmon back in the Beech Mountain section that made coffins. He usually kept a few made ahead, you know, for people. But a lot of times they would make your coffin after they died. BG: Were the graveyards scattered throughout the area or did people like to be buried on their own land? JO: Well, some often wanted to be buried on their own land but now the graveyards in Heaton, I can remember the first one that was buried there. And it’s a pretty big cemetery now. But there are a lot of differences you know, in funerals in those days and today. People just had to take them to church in a wagon, with a horse and a wagon. I can remember when my mother died. They took her to church in a wagon. That was back, I guess in the ‘30s or ‘40s. BG: Were there not any laws about where you could bury people and where you couldn’t bury people? JO: They used to have cemeteries around certain places in the community, you know, they would all have a name. Now line the one up there at Heaton, one named the Heaton Graveyard and there’s another one across on the other side of the river called Smith Graveyard, and another one back over on the mountains a little further called (inaudible) Graveyard. You see people mostly named them after people that were first buried there. They would start their own graveyard, you know. BG: So they were not really like church graveyards then? JO: No. 13 �BG: Did they have a service at the…like a graveside service or did they hold the service at the church? JO: They had both. They would have a funeral at the church and then the preacher usually talked some at the graveyard. BG: Was your family involved in any crafts in any way? JO: Not that I remember. BG: The crafts that people speak of today were really just your livelihood in a way. Its how you kept going you know, making your own clothes and spinning and weaving and all that. JO: People used to make about all their clothing you know. I can remember a fellow down at Shell Creek whose name was, he was a Miller and his wife had knit a pair of socks. He said, “I’ll give you a quarter for the pair of socks,” Yes, I guess you would like to cheat your wife out of a few cents. I can take them down to Woodrow’s store and get 25 cents for them. Now, I don’t know whether that’s true or not, but they told it to an old gentleman. BG: The mother used to knot all the socks for her family? JO: Oh, yes. BG: How many pair of socks would you have? JO: Oh, two or three I guess. Didn’t have many. Just enough for a change you know. Of course some would have more than others. BG: How many pairs of pants would you have? Just those that you worked in everyday and then another pair for Sunday? JO: Yes. I can remember when I was just a boy. Usually a boy wore knee pants and he was sporting a pair of pants and a little shirt. One Sunday a couple of boys would come to spend the Sunday with me and we went swimming just a little ways over the hill on what they called “Gator Branch.” I noticed that one of the boys he was in a little hurry to get his shirt and pants on before I had mine. I took out up the road after him, he was about a quarter mile ahead. He got ready and just threw my pants way off above the road on an old brush pile. I had to crawl in that brush and get my pants. BG: Did you get him back? JO: Oh, I threw rocks at him all the way back. 14 �BG: Can you think of some more old stories of experiences that you had that would be interesting to us? JO: Well, I don’t know of anything that would be very interesting. Of course, you know it wouldn’t be interesting to me anyway. After I got to be older why I had the experience of going to Georgia quite a lot. I bought a farm down there, between Greensboro and Madison. I bout a 326 and ¾ acre farm down there for $3,300 I believe it was. I kept it from 1927 until about 16 year I think it was. I would go down there every three or four times a year. We kept renters there, kept cattle down there. I would buy cattle down there and bring them back here and sell them. And I had quite an experience going to Georgia and back. BG: You own quite a bit of land today don’t you still? JO: Well, they have my tax at about 471 acres. And than a couple of lots at Heaton. BG: What were land taxes like back when you first started buying land? JO: Oh, they were cheap then. Land was cheap too. BG: How much did you pay for most of the land that you own now? JO: Now, this house, you see what it is. About 30 acres, maybe about 33 acres of land was the first I ever bought here on Elk River. I bought it for 1,800 dollars. BG: 30 acres for 1,800 dollars? JO: And then I bought another 100 acres gross on the other side of the mountain called Fall Creek. I got it at a sale. A man owed them 2,000 dollars for the mortgage to somebody else and he didn’t pay for it, they put it up for a public sale and I got those 100 acres of land for 500 dollars. When UI went to the sale there wasn’t anybody there and I thought that would bid against me. His name was Ed Lewis, and when the man brought the sale up he said not to start for less than 500 dollars. He turned around to Mr. Lewis and said “What will you give me for it?” I said, “Oh, I reckon I’ll give you 500 dollars.” So I got 100 acres of land for 500 dollars, he had been asking 2,000 dollars for it. “The buck stops here.” BG: The land down here where the Elk Falls are? JO: No, I own some land below the falls. BG: You don’t? JO: No, that belongs to the government. 15 �BG: I went swimming down there. It was so cold, I did it and every muscle in my body froze up. Did you go down to the big one? Did you go down to that? JO: Yes. My next-door neighbor went down there and he jumped off the top. That is what about 65 feet isn’t it? BG: I’ve seen people jump off. Not me! JO: I wouldn’t want to do that! BG: Didn’t you tell me about the mailman who used to ride ½ down the falls and jump the rest of the way? What’s the story about the mailman? JO: I don’t remember, but I do remember a mailman who was carrying mail to Beech Creek and one day he came to eat, got his mail, then started back to Beech Creek and the water was up pretty high. It had been raining hard. Along by night he came back with a wet mail bag. He said the creek was so high it swept it away and he found it down the creek. So I took the mail u of that bad, fried it, and delivered it. Every piece of it, then sent the bag back. BG: Well, what happened to the mailman? JO: He didn’t get hurt, he went on. I’ve got a piece that was written about him, rowing the branch. I’ve got it, I’ll let you read id you would like to. BG: Let’s talk some more now. JO: He never would ride a horse. He walked. He would just about run downhill. But he walked fast the entire time. He just had one hand, lost one hand back in his young days. BG: Can you give me a comparison of your feelings of life compared to today to when you were growing up? JO: Well, I don’t think it was any better. Of course there were not so many people back then and it seemed that things were not as hurried when I was young. BG: Do you think having a small community school was better than having the larger schools in big areas now? JO: I think you can have better schools by having them small, but it seems like now such as Avery County. At one time they had three schools, and now they have one. People have to come from Beech Creek and Plum to Newland for school. That’s awful far for them to travel to high school. But still people think it’s better; I guess they think it is because they still continue them all in one. 16 �BG: Would you say that life is easier now or harder? JO: Well, people don’t work as hard as they used to back then. But it seemed that people were stronger then and could enjoy it better. You know the Bible speaks of a generation that will get weaker and modern. It seemed to be that its getting that way, don’t you? Of course you know people are a lot wiser than they used to be, because they didn’t know how to make automobiles and airplanes, and like that. End of interview 17 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Appalachian Oral History Project Interviews Description An account of the resource In 1973, representatives from Appalachian State University (ASU) began the process of collecting interviews from Watauga, Avery, Ashe, and Caldwell county citizens to learn about their respective lives and gather stories. From the outset of the project, the interviewers knew that they were reaching out to the “last generation of Appalachian residents to reach maturity before the advent of radio, the last generation to maintain an oral tradition.” The goal was to create a wealth of data for historians, folklorists, musicians, sociologists, and anthropologists interested in the Appalachian Region. The project was known as the “Appalachian Oral History Project” (AOHP), and developed in a consortium with Alice Lloyd College and Lees Junior College (now Hazard County Community College) both in Kentucky, Emory and Henry College in Virginia, and ASU. Predominately funded through the National Endowment for the Humanities, the four schools by 1977 had amassed approximately 3,000 interviews. Each institution had its own director and staff. Most of the interviewers were students. Outgrowths of the project included the Mountain Memories newsletter that shared the stories collected, an advisory council, a Union Catalog, photographs collected, transcripts on microfilm, and the book Our Appalachia. Out of the 3,000 interviews between the three schools, only 663 transcripts were selected to be microfilmed. In 1978, two reels of microfilm were made available with 96 transcripts contributed by ASU. An annotated index referred to as The Appalachian Oral History Project Union Catalog was created to accompany the microfilm. The catalog is broken down into five sections starting with a subject topic index such as Civilian Conservation Corps, Coal Camps, Churches, etc. The next four sections introduced the interviewees by respective school. There was an attempt to include basic biographic information such as date of birth, location, interviewer name, length of interview, and subjects discussed. However, this information was not always consistent per school. This online project features clips from the interviews, complete transcripts, and photographs. The quality and consistency of the interviews vary due to the fact that they were done largely by students. Most of the photos are missing dates and identifying information. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Collection 111. Appalachian Oral History Project Records, 1965-1989 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1965-1989 Sound A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Artist Shell, J.O. (interviewee) Greenberg, Barbara (interviewer) Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 01:13, Election of Woodrow Wilson, 01:28, Heaton Postmaster Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Interview with James Oliver (J.O. Shell), July 23, 1974 Subject The topic of the resource Shell, James (1891-)--Interviews Farm life--North Carolina--Avery County--History--20th century Avery County (N.C.)--History--20th century Avery County (N.C)--Social life and customs--20th century Description An account of the resource James Oliver Shell was born on January 26, 1891 in Shell Creek, Tennessee where his grandfather owned a farm and worked as a carpenter. His father died when he was two months old, so his mother reared the children living with her father. Mr. Shell had one sister, a half-­‐sister, and four half-­‐brothers. As a young man James O. Shell moved to the Heaton community of Avery County North Carolina and was a farmer and served as the postmaster in Heaton from 1914 to about 1953. He died on July 4, 1980 at the age of 88. During the interview James O. Shell reflects on working his farm, local politics, and playing baseball as a youth. He discusses log rollings, corn shuckings, and the how neighbors helped each out. Some other topics he discusses are Tweetsie Railroad, homemade coffins, local cemeteries and playing baseball. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Shell, James Oliver Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="Appalachian Oral History Project Interviews, 1965-1989" href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/195" target="_blank">Appalachian Oral History Project Interviews, 1965-1989</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 23-Jul-74 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright for the interviews on the Appalachian State University Oral History Collection site is held by Appalachian State University. The interviews are available for free personal, non-commercial, and educational use, provided that proper citation is used (e.g. Appalachian State Collection 111. Appalachian Oral History Project Records, 1965-1989, W.L. Eury Appalachian Collection, Special Collections, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC). Any commercial use of the materials, without the written permission of the Appalachian State University, is strictly prohibited. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource MP3 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 17 pages Language A language of the resource English English Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant <kml xmlns="http://earth.google.com/kml/2.0"><Folder><name>OpenLayers export</name><description>Exported on Thu Oct 24 2013 14:04:46 GMT-0400 (Eastern Standard Time)</description></Folder></kml>||||osm Shell Creek (T.N.) Avery County (N.C.) Avery County cemetery coffins corn shucking Education Elk Park ET & WNC railroad farming Heaton local politics postmaster railroad rural mail delivery Tennessee Tweetsie Railroad https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/11d2a7d693590e36fc8e3964164d2bda.mp3 d5fc2a65acdc244f09c9aa240c17ab22 https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/5529024b8af3927f0db09abbf5db45ec.pdf 1ff1ba879a7ad11aa89876d06d82abc2 PDF Text Text Oral History Transcript Appalachian State University • Collection 111, Tape 26/27 Interviewee: Bill Brinkley Interviewer: Lester Harmon 1973 February 8 Introduction Snow is falling outside and we have just settled down in the Brinkley home after a delicious dinner. Bill’s home with his wife Rosemary reflects his love for people and nature. Family portraits flank the walls. Bill, over six feet tall, is a very stalwart man. His hands tell the story of a life of hard work, and his eyes speak to you in an honest, cheerful way. He is very attentive to my questioning and is very interested in our oral history project. A very congenial and intelligent man, Bill has lived in Elk Park all of his life and runs a hardware store there. He has much to offer about the Elk Park and Avery County area and is very genuine and entertaining in is delivery. This is an interview with Bill Brinkley in Elk Park, North Carolina on February 8, 1973 for the Appalachian Oral History Project by Lester Harmon. LH: Lester Harmon BB: Bill Brinkley Pam: Pam ?? Mrs. Brinkley: Mrs. Brinkley LH: Would you give us the name and the birthplace of your parents and the number and names of your brothers and sister and their ages? BB: My father was D.G. Brinkley, and he was born in Grassy Creek, which is near Spruce Pine. He was born about 1885. My mother was a Carroll. She was born in Chester, South Carolina about 1888 or 1889. My oldest brother lives in California named Edwin who is about 70 years of age. My father was 91 when he died and he’s been dead about two years. My mother is still living; she’s 88 and living in Florida with my sister. There were six children; the eldest was Edwin. My oldest sister is about 65 and she lives in Ft. Lauderdale, Florida. My next brother is about 63 and lives in Los Angeles, California. The next child in line is another sister who is 60 years old; she lives in Los Angeles. Then my brother and myself are twins. We’re 56, born in 1917 in two different months – June and July. LH: Is there a story behind that? BB: We were actually born in June, but at that time of course the roads were very bad, and 1 �there was not much transportation. The doctor that brought us in, when he listed our birth in the courthouse in Newland, why, he must have gone over in August. He said, “Well, they were born the 27th of the last month.” So I have two birthdays. That’s the reason I get so many presents! LH: When did you come to Elk Park? BB: I was born here. LH: Can you talk a little bit about what life was like as a child? Did you live on a farm and grow your own food? Do you remember any scarce periods? LH: Well, as a child no. That was before the Depression. My father was a merchant, and we did raise right much food that we ate, but that was customary with everybody in this section, of course. I had a very good childhood. I had my twin brother, always had someone to play with, of course. So, as I remember, I had a very happy childhood. We didn’t realize any Depression until about 1929-30. It was about 1929 when the Depression started. It wasn’t too bad in this mountain area because people, most everyone had land, and they did raise most of their food. Maybe not a big variety, but a sufficient amount of food. Our worst period was between 1929-33. At that time, there was scarcely any money, and of course, we had very little clothing, except about one change, and that was it. But by 1935, we had about come out of the Depression, this whole area really. Although the WPA lasted until about almost up until World War Two started. The lady next door to us, she was a great hand at canning, especially peaches. She had several hundred cans of peaches, and she canned them all in usually ½ gallon jars, fruit jars, or quart fruit jars. She dated them all, and she had some that were 14-15 years old. She didn’t have any children, so it was just her and her husband and she canned peaches every year, no matter what. I’m sure when they both died; they still had some peaches in that basement. Pam: Would you tell him about the Sunday suit you had? BB: Well, the first suits we got were about 1933 or 1934; we each got a suit of clothes. My brother and I put it on to go to Sunday school. We got up the road a ways, at the time we lived across the street from here, and we looked at each other. One, I don’t remember which, but one called the other one and said, “Well, you look like a Philadelphia layer.” We just turned around and came back in, and took the suit off. We put on our overalls and went to Sunday school. That same suit after I had it just a short while. I was playing on Sunday, and it got warm, so I took it off and laid it across this fence and forgot it. Of course, we didn’t remember it, because we didn’t wear the suit except on Sundays, and it was on a Sunday when I took the thing off and hung it on the fence. 2 �The following Sunday, I couldn’t find the suit. I couldn’t remember where in the world that coat was, and it was during a rainy period. Oh, two or three weeks later, I happened to look up where we played that Sunday, just glanced up that way, and I saw the coat hanging on the fence. And of course it was ruined, so I didn’t have another suit until about 1937, somewhere along there. But, as I say, by that time, the Depression was over with as far as we were concerned, and most people in this section. I really don’t think the mountain people felt the Depression nearly as hard as the people in this section. We have been classified as a poverty area along with the Kentucky group and so on, but in my opinion, Avery County is really not a poverty stricken country, never has been. LH: You were saying that you were living here at the start of the Depression, and were all the kids in the family here, or did any of them leave home during the Depression, or did they leave home because of the Depression? BB: No, my two eldest brothers left during the Depression, but not because of it. They went west to seek their fortunes, and they’re still out there, living in California. But it wasn’t the Depression that made them leave. The oldest one I think left before the Depression even started. LH: Your father and your mother, did the Depression have a big effect on their jobs, or did they change the jobs during the Depression, or were you working during the Depression at all anywhere? BB: Well, my father had a store and of course my mother never worked. I graduated from high school in 1934 at the age of 16, and I went to work in that store soon as we were out of high school. Of course the Depression was practically over then, well it wasn’t over, but times were certainly better by 1934. But we didn’t have enough money to go to college, and we did have to go to work. LH: You’re talking now a little bit about school. Can you tell me if your parents went to high school or if they went to college? Tell me about your brothers, sisters, and about your school life and some of the teachers or schoolmates that you had and how the schools have changed around here in Avery County and Elk Park since you were there? BB: My father went to college two years at N.C. State. My brother went to Davidson, my oldest brother. He was going to be a minister but he changed his mind on that. None of the other children ever went to college. LH: Do you remember anything about how the schools were when you were in grammar school and some of the good times that you had and what the schools were like then? BB: Well, I remember of course, the first day that I ever went to school and remember my first teacher. Her name was Miss Bean. Back then it wasn’t the first grade, your first grade was called the “Primer,” and that was because of a book that you had was named The Primer. That’s 3 �why you never went to the first grade, you went to the Primer. Then you went to the second grade. The schools were very good, but by the time we were in fourth grade, they combined two grades, the fourth and the fifth. We had the same teacher for the fourth grade and the fifth in the same classroom. She’d teach the fourth half a day and the fifth grade half a day, and the other half of course was supposed to study. Then, that grammar school was here in Elk Park, and in the sixth grade we were transferred to the high school building. It started, you weren’t in high school, but the sixth grade was taught in the high school, and the seventh grade, and then your freshman year in high school started in the eighth grade, and of course we only had four years of high school, so you were out at the eleventh grade. LH: You graduated from Cranberry School? BB: Yes, Cranberry High School. LH: The building looks a lot like the one that my dad went to school in. I think he’s 59 now, but he graduated from a school that looked a whole lot like the Cranberry School out here. BB: Well, we had very good teachers in high school, I thought, and I still think so – looking back. We had an excellent English teacher. If I learned all that she tried to teach us, I would know a lot more English I’m sure. But her primary interest thought as in literature rather than English grammar. But she was an excellent teacher, and I had her for four straight years. But she was very hard, and a lot of students tried to get another teacher if they possibly could. So her classes were never too large; really we learned more in her class, I thought, than the other ones that went to the English teacher. LH: You say that when you got out of high school, you and Bob went to work at the store. After the store, what did you do? Or have you stayed with the store up to now? BB: I’ve never done anything else other than extra things that I’ve gotten into, but primarily I have never left the store. LH: How has the store changed since back then? A whole lot? BB: Of course we started in an old building, but we built a new store that we’re in now. We built in 1940, just before World War Two started, and since that time, I built on it in 1957, built an addition on the east end and built the post office on the west end. But the building is really comparatively new although it was, part of it was built in 1940, but it’s a solid brick building. The old store was a wooden structure, very commonplace with what you would think of as an old country store. 4 �LH: Wasn’t it a good grocery store then? BB: We had general merchandise. We had groceries, dry goods, shoes, a little hardware, practically anything you would want. LH: It’s mainly hardware now, isn’t it? BB: Yes. LH: What kind of churches were in the Elk Park area or in the Avery County area then? What was the main denomination of most of the people around here? What were the churches like and how much have they changed since then? BB: They haven’t changed a great lot. I’m Methodist, my father was Methodist, and my mother was Baptist, but we all went to the Methodist Church, and it’s the same church we’re going to today. Of course the first church burned; then it was rebuilt and remodeled. The Baptist Church, of course they have done quite a bit of remodeling on it, but it’s in the same place and primarily the same church as when I was a boy. And the Christian Church here was an old wooden structure when I was a boy; it was torn down and has been a new church built since that time, but the church – the Christian Church is approximately 65 years old. The first structure is primarily the same because it was a brick building, and it burned, and it just burned the inside out and the roof off of it. It was built back just like it was except a little more modern. LH: Did a lot of people pitch in and help build the church, a lot of community people? BB: Yes, it was built and rebuilt entirely by people, by members of the Methodist Church and some of the friends of Methodists from Memphis. There was no outside help at all except from the Memphis Conference did, I think – maybe gave us 1,000 dollars, something like that. The church burned about 1952 and cost about 20,000 dollars to rebuild. LH: Is that Elk Park Methodist Church (pointing)? BB: Yes. LH: How did Elk Park get its name? Do you know? BB: Well, I’ve asked that question to many an old timer and I don’t believe any of them really ever knew. But the only tale that I have ever heard was that they claimed that the elk, which was the deer of course, because we had no elk, never had, but the deer well, this was one of their stopping places. You know deer migrate and they usually run within a certain area, and they were supposed to have had a place here that they stayed for a time, and that’s why they named it Elk River. 5 �I really don’t know whether the deer had anything to do with the naming of all this Elk and Banner Elk. I do know that Banner Elk was named particularly from, mainly from the fact that it was – everyone that lived there practically were Banners; they settled the town. But Elk Park at the turn of the century was the hub of this whole section. The railroad came here. Elk Park was about three times as large as it is now. They had the railroad, which was narrow gauge of course, coming to the Cranberry mines, which was mining iron ore. The town had a depot, had three hotels, it had a bank, had a sawmill. It had three livery stables. A livery stable is where people went to rent a horse and a buggy or a horse. There were three large ones so everybody came into this area stayed in Elk Park, and the community grew out of here to the various other places in the area. Salesmen and so on came from Johnson City from wholesale places that came up here selling goods. They all rode that train to Elk Park. LH: What train was that? BB: Tweetsie. LH: Tweetsie, that’s in Boone now right? BB: That’s right. Narrow gauge and it ran to Boone, but we had a flood in 1940, either 1940 or ’41 and the flood washed the railroad out, practically all of it out from Cranberry to Boone. And it was beginning to be a losing proposition, so they were allowed to not build it back. Got certain laws and regulations about busses and trains; you can’t just stop them whether you lose money or not. You’ve got to carry on. So they came on the Cranberry for a number of years until 1950. I believe the last run that Tweetsie made was about 1952, and they were allowed to cut the railroad out. Of course it was really more expensive to get anything in on the railroad by that time than it was by truck, because it being a narrow gauge, everything had to be transferred. It came by rail, and it was transferred to Johnson City to this narrow gauge train. We sold sheet rock and bought it by the carload out of New York and it costs us less freight to get it from New York to Elizabethton or Johnson City than it did by rail from Johnson City on up here, which is only 30 miles away. Of course the mines were operating too at that time. LH: Mines around here? BB: The Cranberry iron ore mines that was only two miles from here. One of the biggest belts of ore in this selection known anywhere, magnetized ore that is. It is magnetized, but it’s a low grade, and that’s why they are operating. The cost is no greater to get out; in fact, it’s less because granite is so strong. 6 �They didn’t have timber in any of the mines; they just left a pillar of granite every so often. They didn’t have to timber the mine with wood, so it wasn’t any more expensive to get out but the grade was so low, the ore grades were so low that it got to where it wasn’t profitable to operate. Some of the mines closed sown about 1930, somewhere long then. LH: How did Elk Park start? I mean, who first settled here and was it because of mining that the town got started? BB: No I think…deer hunting, elk hunting. I don’t know where he went (telling a story of a local old timer), maybe to Montana or somewhere northwest, and he was telling this group of people when he got back about what all he had seen, how it was way out west, what a big country it was and said, “The forest was so thick,” he said, “You can’t even walk through them, the trees were so close together.” And he said, “Elk,” he said, “You’ve never seen such elk. They had horns this large” (used his hands as wide as he could spread them). Finally somebody stopped him in the middle of the story, and they laughed and said, “If the elk had horns that big, how did they get through those trees that were so close together?” This gentleman didn’t even slow down on his story, he just looked at the man and said, “That’s their story.” This was typical of the type of stories that he told, and I guess if somebody kept a record of all of them, it would really had been a best seller. He certainly was surely full of them. Oh, he told another story about hunting. He was a great hunter and said he saw twelve turkeys sitting on a limb and he said, “I checked my gun and only had one cartridge. I jerked up my gun and got all twelve of those turkeys.” Somebody said, “Well, how in the world (laughing) did you get all those turkeys with just one shell?” He said, “Well, I’ll tell you. I shot and split the limb and when the limb went together caught all the turkeys’ toes and held them there until I got up and killed them.” But he was full of stories. We have had lots of characters like that. LH: How about some of the community leaders or decision makers, like the rulers of the town and everything over the years? BB: Well, I have been mayor of Elk Park myself and an Alderman two or three times. I had the distinction of running for mayor against the only woman that ever ran for mayor. Of course she campaigned like everything and I didn’t campaign, but I still won. She is to my knowledge, the only woman who ever ran for mayor of the town of Elk Park. LH: How long ago was that? BB: That was in 1939 or ’40, about then. We’ve had some good men, had a Harmon by the way, good community leader. He taught Sunday school and taught the men’s class for about 15 or 18 years in the Methodist church. I was superintendent at the time, the superintendent for 17 years, of the Sunday school up until the time I went into the army in fact. But Mr. Harmon, he became a U.S. Marshall under the Eisenhower administration, and he had some sort of illness 7 �and died. He wasn’t too old of a man when he died, but he had left Elk Park of course when he became a U.S. Marshall and moved to Asheville. LH: You have said that Elk Park used to be bigger than it is now. Has the population decreased that much, or just the general size? BB: Well, Avery County has grown less in population until the last three or four years. Now, what happened there was, of course, a lack of jobs, and a lot of people who moved away to get these jobs during the war, stayed so the population went down from 14,000 to 10,000 at one time, and it was because of lack of jobs. There was no industry to amount to anything for a number of years, the mines had closed. After the war, they started coming back a little bit, but not too much, but then “tourism” has done more to increase the population – to get the population back to closer to the point where it was, than anything else. People who are retired want to come to the mountains to lived because they know this I the finest place on earth. A lot of people like to come here and there’s been a good deal of the land that’s been sold to outsiders who want to come here, and will be here for the rest of their lives. LH: Has the tourist industry had, in your opinion, a bad effect on the natural beauty of the mountains around? I know like Beech Mountain and some of the bigger places used to be, well nothing there and a lot of people feel like it has done more harm than good. I was wondering how you feel about that? BB: Well, of course there are several thoughts on that. The county as a whole felt like tourism was the only way out of growing. Naturally they wanted to grow and they hated to see the population decreased. So they tried to make it as attractive as possible for the tourists. But it was slow coming for the simple reason there were no accommodations and so people didn’t come because of that. And then on the other hand, people are afraid to build accommodations because the tourists aren’t coming. But it made a vicious cycle out of it. These resort areas such as Beech Mountain and Sugar, ski places, some people resent them because for one thing, it has made land go sky-high, and it’s gotten where it’s hard to even buy a piece of land in Avery County unless you pay what I would say, an exorbitant price for it. Really, in that respect it’s (tourist industry) hurt. Of course, there’s not, well, there a few fairly big landholders in the county, but the land isn’t for sale. Meade Corporation owns about 4,500 acres and they sell it sometimes. They are the biggest owners. LH: Who is that? BB: Meade Corporation – they are a paper company of course, and they recently sold 40,000 acres in Jackson County. That’s been a big, well, quite a bit in the paper about that because they didn’t sell it to the Forest Service, but they offered it to the Forest Service and they said they would like to have it but they didn’t have the money. Then Meade was ready to sell and 8 �these developers from Florida bought it and gave them five million (dollars) for it. And now, of course everybody over there’s hollering that they really didn’t give the government a chance to buy it – that’s neither here nor there, I don’t know how much truth there is to it, but I do know from personal experience that the government is tied up in too much red tape when it comes to something that they would like to have, that they don’t do anything about it until it’s too late. I had 500 acres in the middle of crops that they owned all around and they wanted to buy it. They never did buy it, and finally I sold it to another party. So, I expect that’s about what happened to Meade. BB: At the beginning of the Depression, for this area, when the government decided – I don’t know; they had been giving help elsewhere, but the way it was started here, the help situation from the government, they have you a little piece of paper that said that you were entitled to so much food money and you took that to the store. We took it just like it was a five dollar bill. For instance, this allowed you to buy that much food, or whatever it said. And of course the amount was given accordingly to the number in the family. Now this was a monthly thing. LH: Rations? BB: No, it was – I forget what they called it, but anyway – it was the largest amount that I can remember anybody getting was one man that had 13 children, he got $21 per month. He spent half of that for tobacco and snuff, his wife dipped snuff and he chewed tobacco. And he spent the rest of it for essentials that they could not raise. And they existed on it; nobody actually thought they were poor, poverty stricken, or anything else. So it just shows you that really – well, there was no great need for money. That man raised practically everything that they are, with few exceptions, but that $21 helped out with him using half of it for snuff and tobacco! LH: How many were in the family again? BB: Thirteen! He had 11 children plus himself and his wife. Then at a later date, I knew a man that had 19 children and he and his wife, and he was never on welfare and never had a job. He pulled moss, dug herbs, and that sort of stuff for a living and yet he raised 19 children. LH: You said welfare – are you talking about the… BB: I’m talking about a later date, such as when the welfare program started after the war. What we called the welfare program that started after World War Two. And this man was never on welfare, and yet he never had a job working for anybody unless he just wanted to. He made his living out of…well, off the land. Mrs. Brinkley: Did they pick Galax? BB: Yes, Galax and moss and dug ginseng and crabapple roots and so on. Ginseng is a root 9 �that’s very valuable, even to this day. The Chinese use it extensively for medical reasons of some reason or other, but that’s where it was all sent from, but it’s always brought anywhere from $15 to $40 per pound, and of course it’s very scare. But I had known people that found patches of it where they’ve gotten out 800-900 pounds and made themselves quite a bit of money. But that hasn’t happened but very few times. LH: Do you remember the change in the schools or the churches or the country stores around? Do you remember any great changes in those during the Depression? Working in the store (Brinkley Hardware Store), you probably saw some changes in the store there? BB: Well, I don’t quite know what you mean by change. We saw, naturally business get better as people got more money, and as the Depression ended. Of course, the war naturally created – between the WPA and the war – they created many more jobs and there was money around. So, the volume of business gained constantly. Pam: What about the packaging in the store? How has that changed? BB: Well now, that’s changed completely in my day. When I first started working in the store nothing was packaged. Sugar came in 100 pound bags and we poured it in a barrel. People never bought more than five pounds, something like that. Most people bought a quarter’s worth, which was about five cents per pound. You had to weigh it out on a scale and tie it up in a bag. Lard or shortening came in a 100 pound drum. You opened the top of it and there was a little paddle that you took, you put the lard in a tray and sold whatever the amount they wanted from a nickel to 50 cents worth. Flour was not sold in anything less than 25 pound bags. Meal was not sold in anything less than 25 pound bags. Self-rising was unheard of. Peanut butter came in a 25 pound can; you sold it similar to lard, in a little wax tray. Bologna didn’t have to be refrigerated; you had no refrigeration to start with. Rather it came in a white cloth sack and it would keep, we hung it from the ceiling. Bananas we bought by the stalk. Sold two, three, or four – they wouldn’t ask you for pounds. They would say give me five bananas or a half dozen bananas, or whatever. Pam: Do you want to tell him about the time when you stuffed your banana – was it a banana? BB: It was a banana yes, that’s a – I don’t know whether it’ll help his story or not. I was – that was before I was out of school of course, and my daddy had the store and we would go in there in the afternoons and try to steal us a little piece of candy or something. We didn’t have to steal it, he was very liberal – he would let us have it, but you would ask and he’d say how much you could have. So we got in this stalk of bananas, which was very unusually in that day and time. The stalk was as green as a gourd. But we wanted one so badly, he finally let us have one and I decided that I’d get me another one, and I didn’t ask for it. About that time I got it about half eaten, my daddy came around the counter. I just stuck all of it in my mouth and swallowed it, 10 �and that night I nearly died of a stomach ache. But, we finally had oranges and that sort of stuff at Christmastime – in the store. There was really nothing packaged. LH: Did you have the pickle barrel and the cracker barrel? BB: Had a pickle barrel, pigs feet – pickled pigs feet. Sold fish from a big barrel, salted fish that you could keep from now on. People had to take them home and soak them all night, and they usually ate them for breakfast. By the way, the main reason for that is they had to soak that salt out of them before they could eat them. They would soak the fish during the night and it was just a breakfast food to the mountain people at that time. Nuts, we never sold any nuts except at Christmastime. Oranges, tangerines, and all that – just Christmastime. Saw very few toys and we had a tin can for a car – played around with the bank and make a road out of it with a tin can, an empty tin can. Pam: What about buckeyes? BB: Buckeyes were very similar I appearance to a chestnut, except much larger. And a lot of people had the superstition that to carry a buckeye was lucky. This one boy was very superstitious. He carried a buckeye for about 20 years that I know of. But, he got in trouble one time, and he was telling the story later, he said, “I promised the great Lord and this buckeye that if I get out of this, I’ll never do it again!” You were talking about calamities…I guess the biggest calamity that ever hit this section of the country was the blight of the chestnut trees. I don’t know really what extent it was here, but I think the chestnut tree was about the majority of the types of trees all through the Appalachian area, probably and maybe all the way to the West Coast, I don’t know. LH: A lot of barns were built from wormy chestnut weren’t they? BB: That’s right. And now its worth anywhere from 1,000 dollars to 1,200 per thousand board feet. I bought it for $15 a 1,000 board feet, sawed and planed - $15. But the chestnut tree was one of the biggest losses we ever had in many ways. The loss of the timber, the loss of the chestnuts to the animals of course, the squirrel, deer. Practically all of the animals ate chestnuts and by losing the chestnuts, why, it badly affected the wildlife of this area. But, you really didn’t realize how many chestnut trees there were until they all died. I can remember going from here to Blowing Rock on what we call the Yonahlossee Trail, which is still there any is part of the (Blue Ridge) Parkway now. You can see a great distance along that road, up the mountain and below the mountain, and before the leaves would come out, or just when they would begin to come out, you could see all these dead chestnut trees. I’d say ¾ of the trees were chestnut trees. But they would stand out at that period you see, and you could tell that they were dead chestnuts. It was a great loss to the whole country. 11 �LH: What was it that caused the… BB: The blight? LH: Yes, the blight. BB: Somebody brought in a chestnut tree either from China or Japan, and it was diseased, and it gave the blight to the chestnuts in North America, and that blight spread. They never found anyway to stop it, and it killed every chestnut tree in the United States. LH: They can’t grow them anymore, can they? BB: Well, they have found one that’s blight-proof, but it’s really, its what they call an English Chestnut. It’s much larger than our chestnuts. You’ve got to plant it and take care of it, like you’re taking care of an apple tree or something. Pam: Well, what kind is it that the Penland’s have? They have one in their yard; we eat chestnuts from it all the time. I think it’s a Japanese kind or something? BB: Well, it probably one of those English Chestnut trees – they call them “Horse Chestnuts” because they’re larger. They are really not a true chestnut as far as the chestnut we had. I’ve never heard of anybody cutting the timber from them, because we don’t have that many of them. The chestnut timber now, if you can find any that were sound, some were found even years afterward, and they were able to cut a lot of the logs found on the ground or still standing and cut the sound wood out of them. It brought big money because it was scarce wood, and everybody like those worm holes. LH: My sister and her husband got a wormy chestnut bookcase for a wedding present and they said that was the best present they got. It’s really beautiful. BB: But, the funny thing about the chestnut tree. If it was cut but not soon enough, it got shaky and a shaky chestnut lumber was worthless and still is even today. If you had it, it would be worthless. In fact, a man offered me 40,000 board feet about five or six years ago. I had a wood working shop and we had a lot of demand for things made of chestnut lumber that was cut, so he offered the 40,000 feet for $35 a thousand feet. I didn’t know that much about it. So, I went to somebody that did and asked, “Out of 40,000 feet, surely to goodness you could cut enough good out of it to get five or six thousand feet,” and he said, “No, if it’s shaky chestnut, you cannot get anything good out of it. If you had ten million feet of it, you couldn’t.” So I didn’t buy it. About all you can use it for is for sheathing for a barn or something like that, but it won’t last anytime you see. Once it’s exposed to the weather, it doesn’t last. 12 �LH: Comparing childhood during the Depression days, when you were growing up – what did you like best about those days? What were some of your best days? What do you like best about living now and what did you not like back then? BB: It would take a long time to answer all than, but quickly: The Depression didn’t bother us because I was too young, and we were in a business where I guess, we made money faster than the common run of people. So I had a car when I was 17 and have had one ever since. The first car I ever bought was the only one I was ever able to pay cash for, I think. I guess that I was better off between 1935-45, than I ever have been since! LH: I guess that’s something you don’t like about now, the way everything cost a lot more. BB: Well, it’s really harder to accumulate anything or make any money this day and time than it was in those days because of high taxes and the high cost of living. Bought insurance back when it was cheap and had the money for it. If you had the money today it would be worth well, what is it worth now? A dollar is worth about 40 cents. I doubt that it’s even worth that. The government’s index claims that stuff has risen so much, that I can remember the first car that I bought in 1935, brand new Deluxe Ford cost 600 dollars. And of course, everything is not that much difference of course, but that is an example – that’s why I said with a little money back in those days, you could really have yourself a ball, because it didn’t cost anything. Go on vacation, I’ve gone to Florida and spent less than $200, now it will cost you that and a little more than that to buy a plane ticket there and back. LH: Or just to stay down there a while in a motel. Forty dollars a day in a motel for practically all of them. What do you like best, if you can pinpoint anything, about today’s lifestyle, the way things are now? BB: Well, I like the improvements man has made, certainly. A lot of people say the “Good old days.” When I say that, I’m talking about the fact that stuff didn’t cost much. But I still appreciate the fact that we have all these “luxuries” like dishwashers that do a lot for the housewife. But the trash-smasher, the dishwasher, the refrigerator, -- that’s one thing we’ve always had, so that doesn’t mean as much to me, but I do – from the fact that until after the war, there was more than 10% of the people outside of the town that had lights. Everywhere now rural districts have lights, and that is to be a very, certainly a luxury for them. Bound to be, and that was the first thing that everybody did after the war that could get them of course, these other things could come in such as washing machines, refrigerators, whatever. But I do like the fact that man has made all the progress he has. I’ve certainly seen more progress made in my lifetime than was made for previous, well, some people say millions of years. Some people say 10,000 years, or whatever. But that’s up to the individual to think what he wants to about it, but I think more progress has been made in the past 25 years than ever 13 �has been made before. And maybe in the next 25 years it will be – it’s hard to imagine, but maybe just as much or more. LH: If you could change something right now, what would you change? BB: Well, that’s hard to keep from thinking of personal matters, and that wouldn’t have anything to do with what you’re asking. 14 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Appalachian Oral History Project Interviews Description An account of the resource In 1973, representatives from Appalachian State University (ASU) began the process of collecting interviews from Watauga, Avery, Ashe, and Caldwell county citizens to learn about their respective lives and gather stories. From the outset of the project, the interviewers knew that they were reaching out to the “last generation of Appalachian residents to reach maturity before the advent of radio, the last generation to maintain an oral tradition.” The goal was to create a wealth of data for historians, folklorists, musicians, sociologists, and anthropologists interested in the Appalachian Region. The project was known as the “Appalachian Oral History Project” (AOHP), and developed in a consortium with Alice Lloyd College and Lees Junior College (now Hazard County Community College) both in Kentucky, Emory and Henry College in Virginia, and ASU. Predominately funded through the National Endowment for the Humanities, the four schools by 1977 had amassed approximately 3,000 interviews. Each institution had its own director and staff. Most of the interviewers were students. Outgrowths of the project included the Mountain Memories newsletter that shared the stories collected, an advisory council, a Union Catalog, photographs collected, transcripts on microfilm, and the book Our Appalachia. Out of the 3,000 interviews between the three schools, only 663 transcripts were selected to be microfilmed. In 1978, two reels of microfilm were made available with 96 transcripts contributed by ASU. An annotated index referred to as The Appalachian Oral History Project Union Catalog was created to accompany the microfilm. The catalog is broken down into five sections starting with a subject topic index such as Civilian Conservation Corps, Coal Camps, Churches, etc. The next four sections introduced the interviewees by respective school. There was an attempt to include basic biographic information such as date of birth, location, interviewer name, length of interview, and subjects discussed. However, this information was not always consistent per school. This online project features clips from the interviews, complete transcripts, and photographs. The quality and consistency of the interviews vary due to the fact that they were done largely by students. Most of the photos are missing dates and identifying information. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Collection 111. Appalachian Oral History Project Records, 1965-1989 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1965-1989 Sound A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Artist Brinkley, Bill (interviewee) Harmon, Lester (interviewer) Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 01:01, Buckeye luck charm Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Interview with Bill C. Brinkley, February 3, 1973 Description An account of the resource Bill Carroll Brinkley was born on July 27, 1917 in Elk Park in Avery County to David Brinkley (b. July 24, 1879 – January 1971) who was from Grassy Creek near Spruce Pine, North Carolina and Carroll Ivey Brinkley who was from Chester, South Carolina, and he had five siblings including a twin brother. He graduated from Cranberry High School in 1934 then started working in the family hardware store and served briefly in the U.S. Army enlisting in February 1945. He died on March 20, 2001 at the age of 83. During the interview he reflects on a happy childhood during the Depression partly because everyone was self­‐sufficient and raised their own food. He provides several anecdotal stories about his education, the family owned Brinkley Hardware Store in Elk Park, religion and local churches, the origin Elk Park, the railroad, the Cranberry mine, and tourism in Avery County. He also discusses collecting herbs and rationing during the Depression and relates stories about panthers and the Brown Mountain Lights. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Brinkley, Bill Carroll Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="Appalachian Oral History Project Interviews, 1965-1989" href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/195" target="_blank">Appalachian Oral History Project Interviews, 1965-1989</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 3-Feb-73 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright for the interviews on the Appalachian State University Oral History Collection site is held by Appalachian State University. The interviews are available for free personal, non-commercial, and educational use, provided that proper citation is used (e.g. Appalachian State Collection 111. Appalachian Oral History Project Records, 1965-1989, W.L. Eury Appalachian Collection, Special Collections, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC). Any commercial use of the materials, without the written permission of the Appalachian State University, is strictly prohibited. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource MP3 Extent The size or duration of the resource. 14 pages Language A language of the resource English English Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant <kml xmlns="http://earth.google.com/kml/2.0"><Folder><name>OpenLayers export</name><description>Exported on Thu Oct 24 2013 14:11:05 GMT-0400 (Eastern Standard Time)</description></Folder></kml>||||osm Elk Park (N.C.) Avery County (N.C) Subject The topic of the resource Brinkley, Bill Carroll--Interviews Avery County (N.C.)--Social life and customs--20th century Depressions--1929--North Carolina--Avery County--Interviews Farm life--North Carolina--Avery County--Interviews Christian life--North Carolina--Avery County--Interviews almanac Avery County car Depression Education Elk Park farming folklore religion tourism