1 50 16 https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/bd92e4fbc33066336189ab94cb2cebd3.pdf faafa5c5af75e827adb96e85cb965890 PDF Text Text �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians Records Description An account of the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, later simplified to Katúah Journal, was published from 1983 to 1993. A quarterly publication, it was focused on the bioregion of former Cherokee land in Appalachia. The early issues of the journal explain the meaning of the Cherokee name, Katúah, and why the editors wanted to view the world through a bioregional lens, rather than political boundaries. A volunteer production, the editors took a holistic view in tackling social, environmental, mental, spiritual, and emotional topics of the day, many of which are still relevant.  The Katúah Journal was co-founded by Marnie Muller, David Wheeler, Thomas Rain Crowe, Martha Tree and others who served as co-publishers and co-editors. Other key team members included Chip Smith, David Reed, Jay Mackey, Rob Messick and many others. This digital collection is only a portion of the Katúah-related materials in the W.L. Eury Appalachian Collection in Special Collections at Appalachian State University. The items in AC.870 Katúah Journal records cover the production history of the Katúah Journal. Contained within the records are correspondence, publication information, article submissions, and financial information. The editorial layouts for issues 12 through 39 are included as are a full run of the Journal spanning nearly a decade. Also included are photographs of events related to the Journal and a film on the publication. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived This resource is part of the Katúah Journal Records collection. For a description of the entire collection, see <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/937" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Katúah Journal Records (AC. 870)</a>. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The images and information in this collection are protected by the Copyright Law of the United States (Title 17, U. S. C.) and are intended only for personal, non-commercial, and educational purposes, provided proper citation is used – i.e., Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians Records, 1980-2013 (AC.870), W. L. Eury Appalachian Collection, Special Collections, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC. Researchers are responsible for securing permissions from the copyright holder for any reproduction, publication, or commercial use of these materials. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1983-1993 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource journals (periodicals) Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Katúah Journal Index, 1983-1993 Description An account of the resource This document is a topical index to all 38 issues of <a href="https://omeka.library.appstate.edu/items/browse?collection=79" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians</a>.   Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians,  later simplified to  Katúah Journal, was published from 1983 to 1993. A quarterly publication, it was focused on the bioregion of former Cherokee land in Appalachia. The early issues of the journal explain the meaning of the Cherokee name, Katúah, and why the editors wanted to view the world through a bioregional lens, rather than political boundaries. A volunteer production, the editors took a holistic view in tackling social, environmental, mental, spiritual, and emotional topics of the day, many of which are still relevant. Subject The topic of the resource Bioregionalism--Periodicals--Indexes Sustainable living--Periodicals--Indexes North Carolina, Western Appalachian Region, Southern North Carolina--Periodicals Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rob Messick Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1993 Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource periodical indexes PDF Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/937"> AC.870 Katúah Journal records</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a title="In Copyright – Educational Use Permitted" href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-EDU/1.0/?language=en 8" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> In Copyright – Educational Use Permitted </a> Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. <a title="Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians" href="https://omeka.library.appstate.edu/collections/show/79" target="_blank"> Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians </a> Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1990s Acid Deposition Agriculture Alternative Energy Appalachian History Appalachian Mountains Appalachian Studies Bioregional Congress Bioregional Definitions Black Bears Book Reviews Cherokees Children's Page Community Death and Dying Earth Energies Ecological Peril Economic Alternatives Education Electric Power Companies European Immigration Fire Folklore and Ceremony Forest History Forest Issues Forest Practice Geography Glossaries Good Medicine Habitat Hazardous Chemicals Health Hunting Katúah Katúah Organization Permaculture Pigeon River Plants and Herbs Poems Politics Radioactive Waste Reading Resources Recycling Sacred Sites Shelter South PAW (Preserve Appalachian Wilderness) Stories Transportation Issues Turtle Island Villages Water Quality Western North Carolina Alliance Wilderness Women's Issues https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/c82c3f935775ed3110b8fcfeafafa78d.pdf 1202447159c8ecfad77b920b89467f66 PDF Text Text �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians Records Description An account of the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, later simplified to Katúah Journal, was published from 1983 to 1993. A quarterly publication, it was focused on the bioregion of former Cherokee land in Appalachia. The early issues of the journal explain the meaning of the Cherokee name, Katúah, and why the editors wanted to view the world through a bioregional lens, rather than political boundaries. A volunteer production, the editors took a holistic view in tackling social, environmental, mental, spiritual, and emotional topics of the day, many of which are still relevant.  The Katúah Journal was co-founded by Marnie Muller, David Wheeler, Thomas Rain Crowe, Martha Tree and others who served as co-publishers and co-editors. Other key team members included Chip Smith, David Reed, Jay Mackey, Rob Messick and many others. This digital collection is only a portion of the Katúah-related materials in the W.L. Eury Appalachian Collection in Special Collections at Appalachian State University. The items in AC.870 Katúah Journal records cover the production history of the Katúah Journal. Contained within the records are correspondence, publication information, article submissions, and financial information. The editorial layouts for issues 12 through 39 are included as are a full run of the Journal spanning nearly a decade. Also included are photographs of events related to the Journal and a film on the publication. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived This resource is part of the Katúah Journal Records collection. For a description of the entire collection, see <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/937" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Katúah Journal Records (AC. 870)</a>. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The images and information in this collection are protected by the Copyright Law of the United States (Title 17, U. S. C.) and are intended only for personal, non-commercial, and educational purposes, provided proper citation is used – i.e., Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians Records, 1980-2013 (AC.870), W. L. Eury Appalachian Collection, Special Collections, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC. Researchers are responsible for securing permissions from the copyright holder for any reproduction, publication, or commercial use of these materials. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1983-1993 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource journals (periodicals) Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, Issue 6, Winter 1984-1985 Description An account of the resource The sixth issue of the Katúah Journal focuses on topics such as Cherokee mythology and art, Winter Solstice ceremonies, log cabin history, mountain farming, and the Horsepasture River. Authors and artists in this issue include: Steve Nelson, Barbara Reimensnyder, Martha Tree, Drew Langsner, Thomas Rain Crowe, William Taylor, Gogisgi/Carroll Arnett, J.Ed Sharpe, B. Oldham, Chuck Marsh, Marilou Awiakta, Chip Smith, and David Liden. Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, later simplified to Katúah Journal, was published from 1983 to 1993. A quarterly publication, it was focused on the bioregion of former Cherokee land in Appalachia. The early issues of the journal explain the meaning of the Cherokee name, Katúah, and why the editors wanted to view the world through a bioregional lens, rather than political boundaries. A volunteer production, the editors took a holistic view in tackling social, environmental, mental, spiritual, and emotional topics of the day, many of which are still relevant. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1984-1985 Table Of Contents A list of subunits of the resource. Wintertide by Steve Nelson.......1 Closer to the Fire by Barbara Reimensnyder.......3 Creation of the Moon and Sun: A Story by David Wheeler.......4 Winter Solstice Earth Ceremony by Amy Hannon.......5 European Roots of the Appalachian Log Cabin by Drew Langsner.......7 The Mind and Work of William Taylor.......8 The Old Man Said: A Poem by Carroll Arnett.......10 Soaring Bird, Eagle Killer: A Story by J. Ed Sharpe.......11 Mountain Agriculture by Chuck Marsh.......12 The Coming of the Light.......15 Prayer of the Poet Hunter: A Poem by Marilou Awiskta.......15 Turning Our Differences into Strength.......18 Children's Page.......19 Environmentally Speaking (Horsepasture River) by Chip Smith.......20 The Future of the Forests by David Liden.......21 Note: This table of contents corresponds to the original document, not the Document Viewer. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Sylva Herald Publishing Company, Sylva, North Carolina Subject The topic of the resource Bioregionalism--Appalachian Region, Southern Sustainable living--Appalachian Region, Southern Cherokee mythology Winter festivals--Appalachian Region Cherokee art Hill farming--Appalachian Region Water quality--North Carolina--Horsepasture River Log cabins--Appalachian Region--History North Carolina, Western Blue Ridge Mountains Appalachian Region, Southern North Carolina--Periodicals Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/937"> AC.870 Katúah Journal records</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a title="In Copyright – Educational Use Permitted" href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-EDU/1.0/?language=en 8" target="_blank"> In Copyright – Educational Use Permitted </a> Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Appalachian Region, Southern Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. <a title="Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians" href="https://omeka.library.appstate.edu/collections/show/79" target="_blank"> Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians </a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Journals (Periodicals) Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1980s Agriculture Appalachian Mountains Appalachian Studies Bioregional Definitions Cherokees Children's Page European Immigration Fire Folklore and Ceremony Forest Issues Good Medicine Katúah Permaculture Poems Stories Turtle Island Water Quality Western North Carolina Alliance https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/4d450fedff98db51d827ad2d6b6eb05e.pdf 17a990be6fc8c33627511b8f4ccfd428 PDF Text Text �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians Records Description An account of the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, later simplified to Katúah Journal, was published from 1983 to 1993. A quarterly publication, it was focused on the bioregion of former Cherokee land in Appalachia. The early issues of the journal explain the meaning of the Cherokee name, Katúah, and why the editors wanted to view the world through a bioregional lens, rather than political boundaries. A volunteer production, the editors took a holistic view in tackling social, environmental, mental, spiritual, and emotional topics of the day, many of which are still relevant.  The Katúah Journal was co-founded by Marnie Muller, David Wheeler, Thomas Rain Crowe, Martha Tree and others who served as co-publishers and co-editors. Other key team members included Chip Smith, David Reed, Jay Mackey, Rob Messick and many others. This digital collection is only a portion of the Katúah-related materials in the W.L. Eury Appalachian Collection in Special Collections at Appalachian State University. The items in AC.870 Katúah Journal records cover the production history of the Katúah Journal. Contained within the records are correspondence, publication information, article submissions, and financial information. The editorial layouts for issues 12 through 39 are included as are a full run of the Journal spanning nearly a decade. Also included are photographs of events related to the Journal and a film on the publication. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived This resource is part of the Katúah Journal Records collection. For a description of the entire collection, see <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/937" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Katúah Journal Records (AC. 870)</a>. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The images and information in this collection are protected by the Copyright Law of the United States (Title 17, U. S. C.) and are intended only for personal, non-commercial, and educational purposes, provided proper citation is used – i.e., Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians Records, 1980-2013 (AC.870), W. L. Eury Appalachian Collection, Special Collections, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC. Researchers are responsible for securing permissions from the copyright holder for any reproduction, publication, or commercial use of these materials. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1983-1993 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource journals (periodicals) Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, Issue 7, Spring 1985 Description An account of the resource The seventh issue of the Katúah Journal focuses on the culture of economics and work. This issue features an essay on economy by poet, novelist, and environmentalist Wendell Berry. Other authors and artists in this issue include: Donna Obrecht, Elizabeth Squire, Becky Wellborn, Sparrel Wood, Mark Friedrich, Rick Murray, Thomas Rain Crowe, Chip Smith, C. B. Squire, Robert Penn Warren, Barbara Reimensnyder, and Michael Hockaday. Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, later simplified to Katúah Journal, was published from 1983 to 1993. A quarterly publication, it was focused on the bioregion of former Cherokee land in Appalachia. The early issues of the journal explain the meaning of the Cherokee name, Katúah, and why the editors wanted to view the world through a bioregional lens, rather than political boundaries. A volunteer production, the editors took a holistic view in tackling social, environmental, mental, spiritual, and emotional topics of the day, many of which are still relevant. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1985 Table Of Contents A list of subunits of the resource. Looking to the Future.......1 Sustainable Economics.......1 The Great Economy by Wendell Berry.......3 Native Village Economy.......4 Hot Springs.......5 Worker-Ownership.......6 Busy Needle.......7 Working in the Web of Life.......8 Spring Creek.......12 Self-Help Credit Union.......13 Responsible Investing.......15 Madison County.......16 Wild Turkey.......18 Update: Forest Service Plan.......20 Nuclear Waste Update.......22 The Gift Economy.......23 Note: This table of contents corresponds to the original document, not the Document Viewer. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Sylva Herald Publishing Company, Sylva, North Carolina Subject The topic of the resource Bioregionalism--Appalachian Region, Southern Sustainable living--Appalachian Region, Southern Regional economics Sustainable development--Appalachian Region, Southern Cooperative societies--North Carolina, Western Barter--Appalachian Region, Southern Investments--Moral and ethical aspects North Carolina, Western Blue Ridge Mountains Appalachian Region, Southern North Carolina--Periodicals Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/937"> AC.870 Katúah Journal records</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a title="In Copyright – Educational Use Permitted" href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-EDU/1.0/?language=en 8" target="_blank"> In Copyright – Educational Use Permitted </a> Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Appalachian Region, Southern Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. <a title="Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians" href="https://omeka.library.appstate.edu/collections/show/79" target="_blank"> Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians </a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Journals (Periodicals) Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1980s Appalachian History Appalachian Mountains Appalachian Studies Bioregional Definitions Book Reviews Children's Page Economic Alternatives Folklore and Ceremony Forest Issues Glossaries Good Medicine Habitat Hunting Katúah Poems Radioactive Waste Reading Resources Turtle Island Villages Wilderness Women's Issues https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/962957d2fbc58ba3d1a81a382fb3c3bc.pdf cc384e642678c5ef0ae41167bc6ca93f PDF Text Text �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians Records Description An account of the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, later simplified to Katúah Journal, was published from 1983 to 1993. A quarterly publication, it was focused on the bioregion of former Cherokee land in Appalachia. The early issues of the journal explain the meaning of the Cherokee name, Katúah, and why the editors wanted to view the world through a bioregional lens, rather than political boundaries. A volunteer production, the editors took a holistic view in tackling social, environmental, mental, spiritual, and emotional topics of the day, many of which are still relevant.  The Katúah Journal was co-founded by Marnie Muller, David Wheeler, Thomas Rain Crowe, Martha Tree and others who served as co-publishers and co-editors. Other key team members included Chip Smith, David Reed, Jay Mackey, Rob Messick and many others. This digital collection is only a portion of the Katúah-related materials in the W.L. Eury Appalachian Collection in Special Collections at Appalachian State University. The items in AC.870 Katúah Journal records cover the production history of the Katúah Journal. Contained within the records are correspondence, publication information, article submissions, and financial information. The editorial layouts for issues 12 through 39 are included as are a full run of the Journal spanning nearly a decade. Also included are photographs of events related to the Journal and a film on the publication. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived This resource is part of the Katúah Journal Records collection. For a description of the entire collection, see <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/937" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Katúah Journal Records (AC. 870)</a>. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The images and information in this collection are protected by the Copyright Law of the United States (Title 17, U. S. C.) and are intended only for personal, non-commercial, and educational purposes, provided proper citation is used – i.e., Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians Records, 1980-2013 (AC.870), W. L. Eury Appalachian Collection, Special Collections, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC. Researchers are responsible for securing permissions from the copyright holder for any reproduction, publication, or commercial use of these materials. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1983-1993 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource journals (periodicals) Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, Issue 8, Summer 1985 Description An account of the resource The eighth issue of the Katúah Journal focuses on the theme of celebration of life and community. Authors and artists in this issue include: David Wheeler, Dan Pittillo, Bill Oldham, Hilda Downer, Donna Obrecht, Barbara Reimensnyder, B.J. Bach, Jay Wentworth, Lowell Hayes, and Thomas Rain Crowe. Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, later simplified to Katúah Journal, was published from 1983 to 1993. A quarterly publication, it was focused on the bioregion of former Cherokee land in Appalachia. The early issues of the journal explain the meaning of the Cherokee name, Katúah, and why the editors wanted to view the world through a bioregional lens, rather than political boundaries. A volunteer production, the editors took a holistic view in tackling social, environmental, mental, spiritual, and emotional topics of the day, many of which are still relevant. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1985 Table Of Contents A list of subunits of the resource. Celebration: Way of Life.......1 Katúah 18,000 Years Ago.......3 Poetry by Hilda Downer.......6 Cherokee Heritage Center.......7 Farmers Ball.......9 Celebrating Folk Arts in the Schools.......10 The Simple Tools of Healing.......12 Paintings by Lowell Hayes Poetry by Jay Wentworth.......13 Good Medicine: "Summer Solstice".......14 Sacred Sites Project.......15 Sun Cycle, Moon Cycle (Centerfold).......16 Wild Turkey Part 2.......18 Natural News Update.......20 A Children's Page.......23 Reviews: Minstral of the Appalachians Who Owns Appalachia?.......24 Note: This table of contents corresponds to the original document, not the Document Viewer. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Sylva Herald Publishing Company, Sylva, North Carolina Subject The topic of the resource Bioregionalism--Appalachian Region, Southern Sustainable living--Appalachian Region, Southern Cherokee art Turkey Hunting--North Carolina, Western Folklore and education--North Carolina, Western Cherokee Indians--History Appalachians (People)--History North Carolina, Western Blue Ridge Mountains Appalachian Region, Southern North Carolina--Periodicals Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/937"> AC.870 Katúah Journal records</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a title="In Copyright – Educational Use Permitted" href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-EDU/1.0/?language=en 8" target="_blank"> In Copyright – Educational Use Permitted </a> Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Appalachian Region, Southern Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. <a title="Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians" href="https://omeka.library.appstate.edu/collections/show/79" target="_blank"> Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians </a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Journals (Periodicals) Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1980s Appalachian History Appalachian Mountains Appalachian Studies Book Reviews Cherokees Children's Page Folklore and Ceremony Forest Issues Geography Good Medicine Habitat Health Hunting Katúah Poems Radioactive Waste Sacred Sites Turtle Island Water Quality Wilderness https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/b43bdfc4e48d9084d720074c3f532000.pdf f6e1b33862bc826e4229a0a73d43e38b PDF Text Text ~JOO PubU6he.d Qu.o.JLt.eJtl.Jj l.6.6ue. IX Fall, 1985 �'-- CONTENTS THE WALDEE FOREST .......................... I THE TREES SPEAK. ... .......................... . 3 MIGRATING FOR~TS .. ......................... 4 "HOG KILLING SATURDAY" - A POEM ......... 6 HORSE LOGGING ................................ 7 THE NUCLEAR SUPPOSITORY: WE'RE NOT GOING TO TAKE IT! .... .. ....... 8 GOOD 'MEDICINE .............................. . 10 STARTING A TREE CROP ............ . ......... II NATUBAL WORLD NEWS ....................... 12 URB.AN TREES .................................. 15 ACORN BREAD ................................ . 19 MYTHnID .................................... 20 THE CHILDREN'S PAGE ...................... .. 27 M N ..... 00 N < oz: 1-4 ...:i 0 ~ (,,) :a ~ 0 ~ f'4 Cll i5 ;::) 0 0 °' :oz: .. § Cl:! ~ ~ ~ M ..... cc Iii< 0 IQ ~ ~ z 0 H f'4 u ~ a: 0 u (/) (/) ~ 0 0 f:( �!Jf;,, laid- his hand 'f"lt tk tr~: ~ ~ Jzad, Ju '7un so s~ and ~ ~;f & _fut mu:l -/Jzxmreya;vqU .1~ and tiz£ ~!fit; n4iilzv a:s _fa~ nor a:J" ~; it wa:s ik ~lrb_f & liP1::f -kw ii-45- A WALK IN THE WALDEE FOREST Near the top of Cowee Mountbir. in Macon coun ty ju&t below the national forest boundary, hes an 150 acre tract of forested mountain slopes that is a living testament to the life ~d work of a pair of reJ11arkablc people . oee Leather111c1n Smith ii' the fourth generation of her family lo Jive on the family homcsite. Her husbantl, Walton, is a forester of 35 years ' rxrerience ~ith thP U. S . Forest Ser~ice, anc !6 010re year6 a6 Q private consultant . In tl.ejr 47 years n1ana9in9 the property, they have realized a vi&ion of what a fJroduclive, habitable, ecologically l·t!althy section of the Appalachian forest could look like. There is " small SaW!!'i 11 on the plo<"f ar.c ~od- ..orlting shops that can turn tr<:cs ir.to saleable, finiEhec wood products nght there on the land. There are ale;o bec•hives, a trout 1>0nd, < Email garden plot, and o greenhouse, r.u t c.n l»<cursioro irto the Walcee Forest is fitl:'t clllC !Otl'r•CSL d jovrney 1rot<• a livir.•J n.<eodel o: tlie prir.t·i ples of all-aye, all-species forest manage~' nt: a n1.ir111qer1ent plan <ippropriate lo tlat. l'articul<1r c·onditions oC the ;.ppalachum hatdwood (orPSl. The key a• tt.i~ tt>chnique, accor<.inc; to Walton ~:r.ith , is an (!t(·hasis oi• st>lecti"e I ir•l".rr hcorVN•t inc;:. We waHea tllf" lano ~·itl> OPl• and Wallor. one cl<1y , .ind he Sl•OkE' first a~out the histor) of tlw place . "['e<0 • c l;re,.t-src.ndratt>nts <"co~IC I•.-:• ~ot•I. .. 1 CJ ! (•• <,ol<" . Tiwy \<&ltci to«pp<dr.tE-cJ "l ll 1o t , SC.> lhC) tlirneo :o sol'letl lr.y tl1<:y kr....,., olld tlidt ...~ f,1rni119 . "\;l1H I lol1)' Ci.lit•(: t<:ll, thif. l.lnd , .... s t.l'Vt it<l J..y v1r<,ir forest. Thf're ·n•tt poi, 1111 t t!'<'s ar.<.! otli111 ~.recies, 0 K.n{AH - page l but largely it was a mature chestnut trees, 3-6 feet in gro.. ing closely and forming so dense that nothing could btand of diameter, a canopy grow under try one thing, and if it doesn't work, I try something else. I've concluded that what I want is a mixed, all-age stand, meaning a diverse variety of lt . tree species o! all ages froa1 "Chestnut w4s not then considered desirable as a timber tree, and these people were farmers, so they had to clear the land, and grub out the stumps , because chestnut sprouts profusely . To them, the forest of great trees was seen only as a detriment to their way of life. "As they began to till the land, they built stone terraces to make snall areas of level land to raise crops . They raised small patches of corn, sorghum, and buckwheat; apples on the slopes; and free-ranged cattle, geese , h09s, and sheep for wool. It wos a l1ard way of life. seedlings to large, mature trees growing t09ether . "It will take tin.a to achieve this, because l started out with an even-aged stand, but now there is a variety of trees here--poplar, maple, hickory, oak, white pine, ash, walnut, an uoderstory of doqwood--and I will pick my select trees and thin around them, sOllle from below and some from above. "What I hope to get 80 years from now is trees of all ages, all species, and all size classes and ll>OVe strictly into selective, uneven-aged forest management. This is the start of it.• Walton led us up the road. It was a hot day, but the woods were cool and green--a pleasant place to be. We stopped in a grove composed primarily of tall, straight poplar trees. "The poplars on this five acre tract are 50-60 years old now. They have been thinned fro111 below," Walton explained. "We picked out our best trees and took 5 cords per acre of the rest. This freed up those high quality trees so they could get ample soil n.oisture and a certain a!':ount of sunli9ht to keep putting on n1aximur:: 9rowth. "We dicn't take out anythir.g we didn 't need to. We leave theGt.> understory trees--these d09woods, thi~ red ciaple--for 'nurse trees.' They "1<t~t.' the poplars gro~. shed their lower limbs, and ihoot straight for the sky. Those bi c, t l"t:'l.'S have de-1 in•bc-c. them- :..:--~ •1•0 like to show you this place arod some of the things we're doing t:f'rf' ." Wal ton set out up a srr.al 1 IO<Jgins ioocl ~i th a stride that denied hi5 7~ yo~tt of age . "MC..t>t ,,r my forest iG expriP1er·tal, • he raid ovet hi1> s!.ouloer . "I (continued on p. 22) Fsll 198~ �.( 2!2·,1.·. ·!1· 1 ·,· . ... Il il#ll(lll 1\QP1114tmnt10....,_ . EDITORIAL STAFF THIS ISSUE: David Reed Scott Bird Ba r bara Rein•ensnydE r Richard Ciccarelli Chip Smith Thomas Rain Crowe Sarah Jane Thomas J . Linn Mackey Martha Tree Michael Red Fox David Wheeler Marnie Muller EDITORIAL ASSISTANCE: Korey Goldsmith Cindy Kiger Joe Roberts Weogo Mark Yancey EDITORIAL OFFICE THIS ISSUE: Long Branch Environmental Education Center Leicester, NC PRINTED BY: CORRESPONDENCE TO: Sylva Herald Katiiah Publishing Co. llox 873 Cullowhee, NC Sylva, NC 28783 TELEPHONE: (704) 252-9167 Special thanks to Tom Schulz, Larry Tucker, and Sparrel Wood ~: Great poplar and chestnut trees photographed at the turn of the century by the Whiting Lumber Co. to impress their stockholders with the wealth of timber available in the Appalachian forestlands. Fortunately, the trees pictured here escaped the saws, and the two poplars in the center may still be viewed in the Joyce Kilmer Memorial Forest area in the Snowbird Mountains of Graham County, NC . ,, ~ () He.ite. .&t .the. 6ordhe.itn-mo6.t he..a..ir..U.and 06 .the. Appa.la.clUan moun.ta.ln.6, .the. oldu.t mowi.tiLln Mnge. on oWt con.t.&te.n.t, T!J.4.tle. l6lo.n.d, a 6ma.U but gMw~ .9-:-0"P ha6 be.g~n ~ ~e. on a 6en.t.e. 06 .llUpon6-<.b.U.Uy 60.ll .the. .(.1"pU.c.a..ti.on6 06 .tha..t 9e.09M.ph.i..c.a.t and c.u.Uwutl. heJl.Uage.. Thi..6 6en.t.e. 06 .lle.6pon.6i.bil..lt.y ce.n.te.lt6 on .the. concept 06 Uv..<.ng wlth.&t the. na.tu..llal. 11.c.a.l.e. a.nd balance. 06 un.lvvwa.l 6yi..te.m6 and l.a.w6. We. be.g.&i by .&ivolWtg ~he. Che.itoke.e. name. "Ka.tii..o.h" 46 .the. old/ne.w name. 60.ll .thiA a.Ile.a 06 the. mo~ and 6O.ll .(,u j OU.llnttl 46 we..ll. The. e.d-U.o!WJ.1. plt,(.oll.U:A.u 60.ll 146 a.11.e. .to coUe.et and d.i66e.m.i.na.te. in6oltllla.tWn and e.ne.itgy whlc.h pe.Jt.ta.in6 "pecl6.<.ca.lty .to .thiA a11.e.a, and .to 604.teJt the. ai.ooJt.e.ne.66 .tha..t .the. l.a.nd .iA a Uv..<.ng be..&tg du e.itv.lng o 6 oWt l.Dve. and .lle.6pe.et. U.ving bt .thiA manne.it .U. .the. onl.4j Ull.Y .to e.Jtl>Wte .the 6146.ta..i.nabili..tll o ~ OU.ll b.io6phe.ite and a l.a.6.t.&tg p(.!tce. 6011. oWt4e.lvu .<.n .<,u c.o~ e.vo!.Li.U.orwty plt.OCe.64. We. "e.em .to have. JU>Ache.d .the. 61.t!Cll.Wft point o 6 a "dD d..i..e." 6.i...ti.uz.t.i.n .<.n .ttW!l6 08 a coniln.u.e.d qu.o..Uty 6.tand41td. 06 U.6e. on .th.l6 plo.ne.t . It .U. .the. ai.Jn 06 .thiA joWtnttl to do .<.a. pcut.t .<.n .the. .lle.-.&ihabita.tion and M.-cu.Uwt.iz..t<.an 06 the. Ka.tU.a.h plt.Ovince. 06 .the. Sou.the.itn Appa.la.clUan6. Th.l6 plt.OV.&tce. .u. .<.nd.i..c.a.te.d by U4 natWta.l bowtdaJt.i.e.6 : .the. Ne.w IU.ve.it vi..c.i..n.lty .to .the. no.ll.th; .the. ~oothil.l.6 of, .the. piedmont a11.e.a .to .the. eiu.t; Yol'lll Mowi.t.<Wt and .the. Ge.o11.g.itt hil.l6 to .the.. i.ou.th; and .the. Te.rute.t.He. IU.veJt ~·aUe.y .to the. we..&t . O.ll JRV0Clll':I0R We are not a people who demand, or ask anything of the Creators of Life, but instead, we give greetings and thanksgiving that all the forces of Life are still at work. We deeply understand our relationship to all living things •• ••• Our roots are deep in the lands where we live. We have a great love for our country, for our birthplace is here . The soil is rich from the bones of thousands of our generations . Each of us was created in these lands , and it is our duty to take great care of them, because from these lands will spring the future generations of the Ongwhehonwhe, We walk about with a great respect, for the Earth is a very sacred place. from: A Basic Call to consciousness: 'nle Hau de no sau nee Address to the Western World i<ArtAH - page 2. Humbly , 46 i.a6-appo.<.nte.d 6.t~ with 6acJte.d .i.A6.tll.tlctlon6 46 "new na..tlvu •· .to p1t.O.te.et a.nd ~uMVe .U6 64Clte.dne.66, we. advocate. a ce.n.teJte.d applt.Oal!h to .the. conc.e.pt 06 de.ce.rWu:LU.za.t.ion a.hd hope. .to be.cog Cl 6uppo.ll.t 61J6tem 6011. .thoH acce.pt.ing the. c.h.a.Ue.nge 06 6cu..ta.Utab.u.lt1J and .the. C.lle.a.t.i.ort 06 luvurtort.q and bell.cu1ce. .&t a J:./Jt.a.1. 6 en.t. e., he.ite. .<.n .thiA plo.ce.. �I.t l4XU> 0nl.y a. ,()ho/Lt :ti.me. a.g 0' iu. .:the. new .6 p!Llng le.a.vu we11.e. be.g,lnn.lng .:to ma.Ile. .:theNe.lvu e.v.<.de.n.t iu. .:they cove11.ed .:the. h.tvt.dwood.6 a.nd .:the. .60 6.:teJL de.c.lduoUI> tlt.e.u down a.long .:the. bo.:t.:toml> a.nd neM wa.teJL, .tha..:t my wl6e. a.nd I ma.de. oWt wa.y up .:the. U.llpe.n.:t-Uke. .6pine. 06 .:the. 8.tueJl..i.dge. Pllllb.way .:toWMd OWL dutlna;t(.011 06 M.t.Mltche.U ( '8la.ck Mowr..:ta.ht ' iu. known .to .:the. tlt.a.cli.tlom:ii. CheJtoke.e. people. 06 .:the. .1te.g.i.onl. We. we.Jte. on a pi.tgJL.i.ma.ge. o6 ' .:tha.niu. g.i.v.i.ng ' - - - g o.i.ng .:to .:th.i..6 .6a.CJte.d moun.ta..i.11 popula..:te.d by .:the. .6 p.iJLULu:t.t. a.ncu.:toM o 6 .:the. Che.Jtoke.e. .:the. ' Nunne.hu', .:to e.xcha.nge. 'tha.niu. ' and pJta.yeJL 6Oii. .:the. g.i.6t o 6 mo n.i.u .tha..:t ha.d g.1ta.c.loU1>l.y be.en p11.ov.i.de.d .:to U4 .:to do me.a.n.i.ng6ul. a.nd .i.mpolLta.nt wo.ltk .:toWMd .:the. p11.o.:te.ctlon 06 I .6a.CJ!.e.d .6.i..:tU I he11.e. .i.n .:thue. old mounta..i.n.6. To o66eJL the mon.i.u up .:to thue. a.ncu.:tolt.6 iu. a. pledge. 06 OWL .6e.Jtv.i.ce. .:to .:th.i..6 'ca.U.6e. ' , .tha..:t U be. done. .i.n .the. Jt.i.gh.:t wa.y a.nd .ln .the. 6p.(/vU 06 Wl4e.l6.l4hne.6.6 and he.a.Ung . To o66e.Jt .the. gJte.en g.i.6.:t up .:to .the..6e., 'the. wll.e. onu', .:tha.:t .:they be oWL 'gu.<.du' a.long the. pa..th.6 06 .:the. woJtk wl.:th .:th.i..6 p!l.O j ec.:t wh.i.ch la.tj ahe.a.d • .. A..6 we. dJtove. .:tfvtough the. ' ga.:te.wa.y' .:to the. p.i.nna.cle. 06 the. mounta..i.n: "CJulggy Galtde.M", a.:t a he..lgh.:t 06 oveJt 6,000 6.:t. we began .:to not.lee. how the. we.a.:the.Jt--.:the. tll.lnd.6, .the. 6.:totr.m1;, .:the. e.x.tlt.e.mu 06 he.a..:t and cold, and .:the. .:th.i.nne.Jt a.Ui.-- wa..6 'we.a11.b1p away' (a.lmo.6.:t iu. .i..6 .:the. wlnd we.Jte wa.te.Jt wa..6hb1g a.wa.y Mck, only .i.n .:th.i..6 caoe.: /tock. .:that had .:ta.fle.n .:the 6oJtm 06 tlt.e.u) a.:t the ve.ge,t.a.:t.lon .:tha.:t cove.Jte.d .:the. .:topo o 6 thue. old hUl..6, Ufle .:th.lnn.i.ng old ha.a. 8u-t along wl.:th .:the e.v.i.de.nce 06 na.:tuJtal .1te.ge.ne.Jta.:t.i.on, the.Jte we.1te .lnCJte.ao.i..ngl.y , iu. we. ma.de. oWt wa.y .:towa.Jtd .:the. top 06 .the mounta..i.n, .6ma.l.l a.Jte.iu. o 6 dea.d a.nd dy.i.ng tlt.eu .:tha.:t 4:tJt.ucfl U.6 a..6 be..lng unna..tuJta.l.ly 'bUgh.:te.d'. Smail 6.ta.nd.6 06 6-Ut. and pine-gJtOupe.d toge..:the.Jt and 4.ta.nd.lng out 1>.ta.Ji.k~ l.tj 611.orn .the 11.e.o.t-.i..n-fl.i..nd o 6 hea.l.:thy g11.ee.n and .:twl.6.:te.d '6a.m.i.ly' --iu. .i..6 do.i.ng 1>ome gho1>.:tl.1J gne.y dance. 06 6ubm.l.66.i.on .to .:the. e.te.me.n.U. The. whole. a.Ji.ea. l.oofl.i..ng iu. .i..(.. U ha.d come down wl.:th a ma.l..i..c.loUI> o 66-whUe ca.oe. o 6 .:the. 'me.Miu' --a d.i...6eiu.e. U.6ua.lf..iJ only acqu.i.11.e.d by the. tJOung ... "Sbtange.", 1 .thought .:to mtj6e.l6, ".:tha.:t .:theoe mountai.n.6 • .60 old, would have .ta.ke.n 0tl .:th.i..6 we.iu.e. 06 1Ch.ll.dJten If" we. moved 6l.cwly up .:the. moun.ta..i.11 . . . The clo1> <>A. .to .the .6Ull!l'llU we. 90.:t, .:the. l.aJi.g <>A. and g11.e.ve..1t .thu e a.11.e.ao o6 dy-i.ng eve.JtgJt.een.6 became. On bo.:th 6.<.du 06 .:the. 11.oa.d and -i.n eve.Jty d-Ut.e.c.t.i..on---So bl.e.a.fl On Mount Mitchell, a few miles north of Asheville, NC, Robert Bruck, associate professor of plant pathology and forestry at NC State University, is investigating the devastation of trees on high mountains in Katuah. According to Dr. Bruck, the red spruce and fir above 6,350 feet are in a severe state of decline with most trees 45-85 years old losing 90% of their foliage. The trees are shedding t~ir older needles and leav1ng only a small clump of chlorotic new growth on branch ends . Bruck' s findings indicate that the trees are being killed by pollutants. To confirm this suspicion, core samples have been taken from the dying trees with a bit and auger. The borings have reveaied a 50% reduction in tree ring growth since the early 1960's, yet rainfail data shows no evidence of drought. Aware that tree dieback has been occurring for two decades in the nort h- eastern U.S. and western Germany, au ala:tllldd Dr. Bruc k and other s c ientis t s have visited aud studLtd these f orests hopiug to find c lues as to the c!Xaet c ause of tree diaba ck in K atUah. M ost data reveals that symp toms of diebac k vary from region to r egion depending on tree s pecies, soil t ype, and climate. Rowaver Dr. Bruck has f ound c orraspouding s ymptoms exiat betweeu "lilaldsterb n " (trae death ) in West Germany and spruce-fir dieback in Kat~ah. Evidence bas been mounting in West Germany that ozone, a pollutant produced by a reaction of sunlight and auto exhaust, bas combined with acidic fog. These pollutants are· leaching magnesium, an essential element, from living trees . It is becoming increasingly clear (continued on page 27) continued on page 26 Fall 1985 .. ~ll.hll - '.}f;. ·C'.o. �, J; From within its borders , the forest looks old, permanent. Yet the timelapse views of the eastern forests provided in these maps compiled by Paul and Hazel Delcotirt's team of paleoelologists give a different story. Plants do indeed migrate, and in geological time the climatic changes that resulted in the formation and dispersal of the Laurentide ice sheet brought on drastic changes , causing whole forests to move from one area of the continent to another. The mops given here are from the Delcourt's article " Vegetation Mops for Eastern North America " in Geobotony ll{Plenum Publications, 1981 ); R. Romans, Editor. MAP KEY 0 Laurentide Ice Sheet • Tundra Boreal Forests Q Spruce @ The t.aurentide (ce Sheet covered the continent north of vhat la prHontly known n the Crdt Lllke1 Rqion. Tundra condition• prevailed ln the viclnity of the glacier •nd at hi&h elevatioftl tor soo ailu .south or th• lee front. Spruce .and jack pii>e fou1t1 held the territory ..,uth and ust of the alacl•rl .JdV&DCO- The cl1-t• vamed quickly .and dr•aat ic;oll:• b.lov thb belt. eo that an oalr.-hlclr.ory-eouthern pine auociat!on doainat•d the Atl&ntic and Gulf Coaot plains. The aixed .. Hopbyc1~ hard...,od forut that today inhabits the covH of Appalachia vas rutrlcted u this ciae to "refuaul •rus·· the blufflanda dong the IUuiHippi Rlvor Valley •nd ujor rlver corridor• U\ the southeast. A eypre••-auai. assoe:iacton lived in the ..,et ~ululppl boctoaa. ;and the ~lorf.de hninsub vaa covered ~Y .. nd dune scrub - including wild ro111a.1ry .and iaolaced 1tande >f .crub o.ait. Spruce-Ja ck pine Q @ Jac k pine - Spruce Mixed con ifer-norther n hardwood s Deciduous Forests Q @ G) Oak-Hickory Mixed mesopbyt ic Oak-Chest:n ut Southeastern Evergreen Forests <2'.) @ @ Cypress- Gum 0 Subt r opical Hard woods Oak- Hickory- Southern pine Southern pine Open Vegetat ion Types Q Q <:::> , ~:\ n;.ur 'l Oak savaruiah Prair ie or 'fhu .,,h1cJcr • lwd Ct:lt+.:.til'-!d LO l ht.: lat J.Lud\$ thu Ch:Ul Wk~¥ I raJ.elna th• tiUa luvcl soou.!what . und Liu: bc1lnning» of l ...akt.! •. rh Wt:h: vt11tble. thu Saint Lawrence fltv~c w.11 u•\d~r J~<!. Jnd lh"' \;.ould ail .. ctul w.itcre 1ttl1 draln-.d down thu Hi•111l-.111lppt 1 "'be.re the \lll1lc a.Jtruc.l: cuv-.:r peulatL.J. Th-. •pruce-Jac.k pin~ fote•t cr~cpln¥ \!.il•tw.atJ fro. th..: plalos. The w r • ..v\:ollth41er cMk-hfckory-.outh-.:.ro •v~rgl"-:t...-n ••~ l;,1t Ion w..a• •t J l t rc.atrlctcd to th~ •outhurn c.;,.a;t.al vL1dn•. Tb-.: 11lxt-od •.:»0phy1 h. 8pf..'Cie*I Mlntaha.-d tlwic fuoll1vlJ ln the 8lu{fl.,nd21i ,uuJ WJC.\:f t1Vt:t W•• corridor•. Sand Dune Sc r ub '- page 4 Tundro •tlll i;rlµp"J th~ AppJl .. <ltlJn h.:Jghl•. Pall 1985 -. I' �. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . wt ..... rOMSTDWILLllll. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . Mt~Rt-\TING Thia V"r1uJ w•• ~h«ncl~rlz1:J by a D11ld waralng tr.,nd. Th.: 1l•clera retr~•Led .oa..,W'hat. and ll.ic1al a\tll raletd Lho levt:l ot thtt ocun•. pushing th~ cont lncnL.al coast I lne:1 cloatt to Lhtotir prt::t:d'tl po1lt1oos. J•ck pint:-11f'rUC~ ••»OC:J•tlc;.n.> still do.lnatvd (r-oa th.c: •1Jvt;:,t.t to thu ccntr•l coa~L. A thin IMnJ of tran-.tclun..1 con1ft:r-oortltt.:-ro l1Jrd,,,..,.,,d fott.:..lit dtvtd"J th-.: ptnu-1pru~e bdt fro•• \l.&t11-cllailtt1 o•lhh:kury .-....oc:J .. t lvn wt1h: h c· uvi.:r ...J App.al.achh1 wnd lhl.t ur-.w th..at I • ''''" r-.-1uh:•¥t.:.11.: kfv,c v ••dli.:y s~~IJy. fOREST The 4.cu 1huct reached ita aouthernmoait li•it during thi• time . extending the coa11tltne out appr oxlaeL"ly 50 •iles beyond it_.: pr.ute.nt bouodar1ea. Spruce-jack pine cov~r ud thu are.at pl•in• we1t of tht H.Jasi11;stppt. Jack ptne-spro.ctt covt:r dc>t1lnat.:d the ea.atcrn half o( the continent eouth to the preaent-day borJtrr• of AlabaaJ and Cwraf•. Claci"r aultw•tec cool"'1 the Hl11luippl River Valhy, which prob.ably accounted for the anOllll&Joue eppura.nce of \tbite spruct1 tn.~••, a boreal opocl .. noca•lly not found rar 1outh. The enllre AppalachU.n b.oge wi1s creetcd by tundra, vhU.: colJ-wuthe.r spruce and fJr dOlll- "° naced lh" foreau on the 90uncnln ulopca. Thu WJ.Ulfni; li.:dlfh:tMluru• or j 1,000 - 12 ,000 yt:1.1r• 3¥,0 1.,rouaiht dvlu&"-tf of naln In Lhu w411c.u or tht: gtu~i1:re. Clacfol 111~1t was drulnJni rapidly thruuyh thu SL. l.awc.n .. -ncu RJvur h.•Mvln" the pruy,~nhor unwl Iona of the t;r~Jl l..Jk'-'•· Th~ apruct: .1nd J•c .. pint.: ••ao..:IJLJon1 covtar'--.J c-.:ntr.. t c.,twJM ttntJ tl-.1 Nev EnK,l»nd St•lu•. Th .... coo lC '-'r-ntr.>rthtir n tt.rJwood for ....$t 114>\l' ....J nurth and vest Into .J 1rwlly -=•paGdcJ tcrrltot'y. An Odk-hlckory {ot'~vt arose ~•l i>f th-.: 'll11owl••lppt i.1nJ wa111 .avln& -=-•tv.arJ, fo1low'".J by the d~v'1loptn, pr... Ir 1.... v"""-'l"'l fon. The aht:J •"llOphyt le for\.!t.l Jdvdnc'--.J fro. th~ r lvt.::r corr tdor., l-> tak• ov~r a tors'-' part of th~ central are:a. Ook-hlclt.ory ... southern ..:versr\!cn cov-:r ¥Lill P'-'ndwtcJ ln thi.: cudvtul ploSna Jr'-'as, but u CYJ•rl.•1:11• gum usatocl11tlun lc>uk uvvr th~ 11oouthufn <nJ ot Lhc ~lf~11da1adµltl 1 klvur t.::1Hridor. olt\J "'" uuk .. uvw.nndh LYt•u w.ft. uv~t In¥ un the ._.lur1JJ l''"·nnJn.111...l. Thb wu tho puk of tile "heplithano&J. • var1111ng period, and t ... parat u r u ware h1&her th<ln in the prHe.ot d•1· The land and fora1t conf1guration• bqao to tllte"" tho th&pu va ... r..ui.ar vith today. The: conUer-oortbaru ba.Tdvoode foreat covered a vast area fro. the Creat I.eke• rasioo to tbe coa1t. Tha oak-blclcory and aixed aHophyt lc hardwood !orut• occupied euentWly the • .,.. aru1 they do at prueat, wtu.la conditioas c.au.sed an oak-chutaut forest to ti•• to doeln&nce on the u1tuo 1lopes of the Appelacbi.ans, vbil1 spru:a •nd !lr still clung to the colder, biaher elevatioo1. Southern pine arose to doain.anc• over auch of the aru lt occupies todly. �Hog Killing Saturday BY H. M. SPOTISWOOD The red sun was waiting for me, round as the washpot that would be the center of my day. There I would chop the kindling, feed oak to the fire, stir the black water while they worked silently under the cedar. Grady was always there by seven, in his hard overalls, paid dollars for his sweet brutality. I knew the one they picked, had fed him rinds and the saved ends of Tuesday's cornbread. His grounds were avuncular in the sweet stench of Friday's dusk, his hide hard as a gritty July watermelon to my finger poking through the pen. Once I'd run the mile to Clara for a Nehi and some vanilla extract with screams following me through the pines as they cornered him to clamp the rings in his nose. Painless gristle, they called his snout, when I fingered the steel points like barbed wire spikes. For sure he'd rooted up three fences, ripped the small south pasture to a knobby moonscape. He knew me for peach seeds and rusty coffee cans full of Pa's rich, hard-bought cottonseed me.al. I still feel the guilt for the erotic rush of glee that lasted a second. And Grandma, the painful endless picture of her scraping his boiled nose with a paring knife. Grady I hoped, would hit his mark the first time with the scarred steel butt of the old axe. I listened too hard over the frantic steam, heard only board sounds and birds in the oaks. The afternoon was easier, foul and logistical. The mail ran at one, and Mr. Hardee waved. Bayree, the cats, and the thoughtless chickens were underfoot for items they could find. I created a parable for the high-stepping rooster mincing his spurs among the leafy entrails. The coarse salt did not hurt my bitten nails when we rubbed the bacon and hams to hang. I knew the bowl and Limp grey mountain of entrails would be waiting on the table. Pa brutalized my city taste with family ridicule for not tasting. He hadn't shaved. The hairs were coarse yellow in the light of kerosene. In the window curtained with gay feedsack the sun was an oblate orange yolk --·~-·s,epuating into the black <~eek~ ' f �HORSE LOGGING Fall 6.11.0m be.Utg a qua.Utt ruuicJvum.i.6m, togg.<.ng wlth hOJt6U .l6 6t.iU pMv.<.ng .it6 u»ILtlt a6 .the. method mo6t o.pp!tOplLi.a;te. 6011. «»JtlUng moun.ta.in 6l.ope.6 ldte.11.e. .the. togge.11. .l6 de.a.li..ng wlth a 11.0ugh Olt 611.agile. .teNUU.n 011. a 1U.9hl.y 6e.l.e.c:Uve. .ti.mbe.11. Cl.Lt. It .l6 al.60 6.Qrd.<.ng 6a.vOll. wUh l.a.ndowne.11.6 ldto hold coMe.11.- vat.i.on me.a6Wl.e.6 a.nd a.u.the..UC6 a6 h.i.gh p!l)..oM.t.lu . Holl.6e. togging a.l.60 luu. economic a.dva.n.ta.gu 6011. togge/1.6 ldto do n.o.t have. a. tot o 6 capUai. tc 6.talt..t a. bU6.<.ne.66 Oii. c.dio w.i.l.h tc ke.e.p the.ill. oveJtlie.a.d tow. With holl.6u , to~~e/1.6 ca.n ma.k.e. up .ui Mull c.diat they ta.ck. .ui 6-Uia.ncla.l.. ba.c/U.ng. John Va.v.U,, Ve.nn.i.6 Hotde.11., a.nd holl.6U Tony a.nd Flt.e.d «»11.k .Qr a.nd cur.ou.nd .the. Nan.taha.l.a Na.t.i.ona.t FOll.u.t. The.y a11.e. a. .tlgh.t .team, a.n.d tlte..i.11. e.xpe.11..le.nce. 6hoWA . The.y make. .the. ha.11.d woll.k 06 w.tt&tg a.nd ha.u.Ung .ti.mbe.11. took a.l.mo6.t e.a.61J. John: ' I started in on horses when I was four . My daddy started me. I worked some other jobs, but I ' ve al.ways kept my truck, regardless of what I've done . I like being in the woods. You don ' t make a lot of money , but if you ' re satisfied, that ' s what counts :· Dennis: You ain't gonna make nothing but a living, whatever you do. Anything you go after, a living ' s all you 're going to make out of it: John: •r•ve got a garden, my horse and my truck- I 'm never going to starve ." photos by Martha Tree Dennis : "Horse don't got to be a big one, i f he'll pull. I can take Fred, and he'll pull horses weighing 1800 lbs . When I call on him, he'll go out there, and he ' ll hang. He won ' t back back up . A lot of horses pull against it too hard, and they'll back back up. But I could hook Fred to that truck right tncre and call on ' im, and he'll stand on and pull 'til he dies . "!wouldn't cake n thousand dollar bill for ' im just like he stands there I ain ' t got that in ' im, but I wouldn't take it . He ' s paid for himself ten times over I could give him away today and still wouldn't go in the hole .~ K.\Tt:AH - page 7 Fall 1985 �. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MAlllFOIUTDWIWM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. By Michael Red Fox The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) has just announced plans to site and construct a Monitored Retrievable Storage facility (MRS) in Eastern Tennessee. Three possible sites have been chosen. The Clinch River Breeder Reactor site at Oak Ridge is the preferred site. TVA's H:lrtsville nuclear plant site and the Oak Ridge Reservation have also been included for further study. In January 1986 the DOE will announce which one of the three "semi-finalists" will host the MRS. DOE documents describe the MRS as a processing facility for spent nuclear fuel. The processing will include consolidation and packaging of high level wastes for delivery to permanent suppositories. The MRS will also serve as a backup facility for storage of spent fuel and high-level wastes from all commercial nuclear power plants, all foreign subscribers to the "Atoms For Peace" program, and U.S. nuclear weapons production. All three East Tennessee sites are upwind of Kat~ah. Several of the main transportation routes to the MRS site pass through our region including interstate 81 and interstates 26 and 40 , which conjoin at Asheville. If you thought Asheville was a "hot town" before this, just wait ... . •.. According to the DOE, the MRS candidates were chosen on the basis of cost efficiency, risk of accident, and the geographic relationship to the potential underg~ound suppository. It must be noted that the Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 declared that no one state may get both sn MRS and a permanent waste dump . The relative prox1.mity of Kat~ah to the proposed MRS can lead to no other conclusion: Katuah is under siege! Not only does Katuah become a transportation corridor for nuclear waste from all over the world but, she also becomes a leading candidate for the sweepstakes nobody wants to win: permanent waste dump! The MRS is considered to be the "front end" of the permanent suppository. According to the "Mission Plan" being peddled by :<.n{.ui - page 8 the DOE, wastes processed at the MRS will travel across the country to the first geologic suppository. Currently stiff opposition, environmental problems , and legal fights are stifling DOE's plan to select A site in the western states, The agency cannot fail to notice that it might be sinpler to l) speed up selection for the ~astern suppository or 2) change the Waste Policy Act so that both suppositories wil l be built in the F ast. In fact Paul Kerns, a DOE front msn, bas recently said that if all of the candidate sites under consideration in the first round turn out to be losers the DOE may turn to the crystalline states for both suppositories. I I .. ·. I .\ " • I :i I \ I ~. Crvstalline (granite) rock formations are being considered for nuclear waste disposal because they are uniform throughout and have qualities allowing them to dissipate heat from nuclear materials. However in a blistering analysis of their own three year pilot study (1981-1984) called the "Climax Project" in Jack Ass Flats,Nevada, DOE noted serious problems. Not only did the expensive stainless steel cannisters leak, hut the te9tin~ caused cracks in the granite and the testing mechanisms failed so they could not determine how much leakage occurred! Among the crystalline suppository states, the Southeastern Region (includin~ Katuah) is perhaps the most vulnerable. Ginger King, of DOE's Civilian Radioactive Waste Management, conf inned this suspic ion when she said, "the most likely 9lace is the Southeast since 85i o f the nation ' s nuclear plants are east of the Mississippi." Much of the Northeast will be eliminated because of population density and distribution. Although the North Central Region has crystalline rock formations whic h are among the n~ tions most stable, Wisconsin, ~ichigan and Minnesota have erected legal and political barriers that may outweigh potential geologic suitability. Politics is the name of the suppository game according to Dave Berich of the Environmental Policy Institute in Washington. Unlike the North Central States, North Carolina, which contains most of the prime sites in Katuah, has no siting laws. There are no nuclear waste education programs, no citizen advisory boards, and no public surveys. North Carolina has not even one employee working fullt ime on our response to the suppository site project. What North Carolina does have is a governor who bas said he would not veto a site selected here. Every other governor in every state under consideration has promised a veto. A governor veto of a site mean~ that a full congressional review and approval is necessary before wastes can be implanted. A veto would force DOE to do the proper scientific studies to find the best site - not just follow the path of least resistance. Incredible as it may seem, at a public "infor111ation seminar in Boone, NC, DOE publicity man Kerns warned, ''What 1 can do is encourage you guys not to trust us; take us to taok." Dave Berich of EPI ar,roes. He has said. Fall 1985 " Si"~q - t-.J..J . /J; �. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . WEAMFOM:~OWEWlll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . "There needs to be s whole new science developed for each repository site, nnd the DOE is unwilling to spend the necessary money and time to adequately study all the potential reek bodies for the best possible site." The rext step in the selection process is for the nuclear energy junkies at DOE to reduce their list of 236 crystalline rock sites down to 20 possible sites this November. TRANSPORTATION OP NUCl.EAR WASTES The llOE goes to gceat lengths to assure the public that the shipment of spent fuel is safe . It distributes films showing dramatic full-scale crash tests of spent fuel casks propelled by rocket sleds into a massive concrete wall at speeds up to 80 mph. The DOE fails to point out, however, that the casks were eaptY. though they implied otherwise, by calling them spent fuel casks. Upon testing the survivability of casks after a railroad accident with fire, the DOE failed to say that on the avera~e most railroad fires Nuclear Shipment Routes N\ TfaH - page 9 THI l/11ct1.t1 11111P1J11101r, WE'il i/OT t;O/NfJ 11 TANE 11/ last twice as long as the test fire. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission reported that the tests on Transport Cask<1 "wPre interesting but not particularly useful." The most definitive work to date on the possible results from a real transportation accident spilling real plutonuim has been done by Sandia Laboratories in New Mexico. Their analysis indicates that a "large quantity" shipment of commercial plutonium released in an urban area could result in nearly 4,000 latent cancer fatalities, 952 early morbidities (non-fatal health disorders) and scores of early fatalities. The cost of cleaning up such an accident could range as high as two billion dollars. The Sierra Club has estimated that there will be 9,000 shipments per year of high-level wastes from constipated reactors co t~ N~, i~l~i. W ~i~ ments per day to the suppository . The continued push towards a nuclear technocracy offers us no guarantees except the production of more nuclear waste. The time has come for the people of Katuah to form a solid core of diasent and stop this technological train wreck. We must demand that the governor veto any and all sites within his political realm. We must convince our congresspeople to invite DOE officials to come and experience our opposition. We must form affinity groups, like Ben Drake of the Highlander Center in :-:ew ~larket, Tennessee, who is organizing folks along tranooortotion routes. The nuclear waste suppository means degra~ation of the land, de~radation of the water, degradation of human health, radioactive particles in the air , and probable ~enetic damage and mutations among all living things in the area. We do not want to be known as the generation that let it happen here. The situation requires nothing less than our best efforts to shut this menace ,,,, # down! ,P"' Write to your political representatives expressing your opposition to the MRS, transportation of nuclear waste through Katuah, and the planned suppository. The Honorable James Martin State Capitol Raleigh, NC 27611 House of Representatives Washington 2463 Rayburn House Office Building Washington, DC 20515 Write to these folks for current information and join them in the battle to save Katuah! Blue Ridge Enviromental Defense League P.O. Box 1308 West Jefferson , NC 28694 Western North Carolina Alliance P.O. Box 1591 Franklin NC 28734 (704) 524-3389 Mr. Steve Conrad Director of Division of Land Resources Department of Natural Resource and Community Development P.O . Box 27687 Raleigh, NC 27611 Highlander Center Rt. 3 Box 370 New Market, Tn . 37820 Fall 1985 c; ~2.&q - H, •• J �The message the plant people give to us: from the sourwood's early red leaves, the beautiful multicolor of the saw briar, the yellow of the poplar, the rust of the oaks, the pinks and reds of the red maple·· all these differences create beauty that moves the inner part of ourselves and prepares us for the great rest. We are told it is the i:iiver of breath's plan that we may have differences. All of the giver of breath's creation lives in harmony and peace with one another with the expection of man. We are told that we have completed a circle of life by this time of year. Let's look at ~he lessons that have been given to us in this circle. It is alright what you are. It is alright what I am. Let's take and move evenly together with our differences and give our unborn and their unborn yet to be a chance to go through this same circle. Communities We are told these are the oldest mountains upon the earth. Life has been here longer than any place else on the great mother. We are told this is one of the few places upon the earth where spirit still dwells, in the deep rich coves where the seng grows and the voices of water are talking to someone. All the life forces talk to the spiritual aspect of ourselves, the real part of us. We are told that all through our mountains··from northern Georgia all the way up the Appalachian trail, from the moon eyed people to the native people to the European people's spirits have been attracted to the power that these mountains place upon us. We are told that people come here with their spiritual and relisious ideas because they seem to fit with what is here. ·1 hey start their own communities-- healing communities. spiritual communities, communities based on a_pamcular philosophy or political point of view. But a mistake that our brothers and sisters make causes them to miss the power and the gift that the mountains give to us all. Their communities develop an ego just as an individual would develop an ego. We are told that now the time of great rest comes upon the mountains again, as it has for thqusands of years, the time when trees lose their leaves and evergreens get greener. Let's listen to the message that the mountains and the streams say to us. We are told that the differences aren't enough reason for us to be separate. We should strive to pull our communities together, to work together to preserve this spiritual oasis for us all. We can work with people who are different without having expectations for them to follow our path. i<Ai~Af! - .eW!e 10 Fall 1985 11 Io �The publications listed below are available from Appalachian Regional Office, I.T.C.I.U.S.A,. lnc., Route I, Gravel Switch, KY 40328. Prices listed include postage and handling within the U.S. PROPAGATION METHODS AND SOURCES FOR UNCOMMON PERENNIAL FOOD PLANTS: A LITERATURE REVIEW IN TABULAR FORM Gregory Williams, 1983 (slightly ;.:vised 1984), 49 pp ., $6.00 . by Brian Caldwell We are trying an lntercropping system that might be of utility on other fal"lls. On an 80 ft. by 90 ft. test plot, we have planted raspberries in rows 15 feet apart (about Lwice the usual spacing). In the rows with the berry canes, we set young Chinese chestnut trees every 15 feet. The chestnut trees are mulched, weeded and fertilized along with the berries, which are allowed to grow close beside the trees. Beds of vegetables about 5 feet wide run between the raspberry-chestnut rows. This system is an attempt to care for a succession of crops with the least effort, while making good use of space . We suspect that the raspberries. grown without the use of pesticides, have fewer problems with fungal diseases due to the improved air circulation of wide rows. It seems reasonable to use the extra space for vegetables. Because rasp-· berry plantings typically last only about 5-7 years because of virus problems, the chestnuts provide a crop to "take over" after the berries.The young trees require special care (particularly weed control) for about 3 years after planting, yet bearing begins only after about 5 years or more.le does not make much sense to invest the special care and space exclusively for the non-bearing trees so we put them right in the berry rows! They will not seriously compete with the berries until the berries are on the way out. The berry mulching and fertilizing are ideal for the Lrees, and competition from the berries doe~ not appear significant. Note that. with the use of mulch, it is important to protect the tree trunks from rodents with some sort of guards. Eventually . we will have a grovt· of chestnut trees on a 15 feet by 15 feet spacing. This is too close for mature t recs. However, these a re• ~eedllng trees, not ~rafts . and iL is 11ko.!ly thoc some will be poorer beorl'rs thun OLhers.After about 15 venrs, Lhey will be Lhinned out, leaving onlv the best. The area formerly occ- upied by raspberries and vegetables will be sheep pasture . And the chestnut yield in the early years will have been much improved over the yield for trees originally planted on a recommended spacing of 30 feet by 30 feet. This system is appropriate for many kinds of trees . Strawberries could substitute for the vegetables, but blueberries, gooseberries, asparagus, and rhubarb all last so long that their total production as "raspberry substitutes" would be seriously reduced by the trees. Areas used for this system should be free from perennial weeds. to our plot, we have had problems only with the tarnished plant bug and, at first, coo low fertility for high raspberry yields. An organic fertilizer (about 20 pounds of N per acre) placed beneath the mulch the last two springs resulted in much better growth of the fruiting canes. The berries also benefit from vege• table fertilization. Reprinted from ~&~~estry Review. Back issues available from: Inte rnational Tree Crops Institute, Appalachian Regional Office USA Route 1, Gravel Switch, Ky. 40328 -- ~-(;& i.ist : tyu <N'O~ AGRISILVICULTURE FOR APPALACHTA: A BIBLIOGRAPHY, Gregory Williams, 1979, 9 pp .• $2.00. ACRISfLVICULTURE : A NECESSARY RENAISSANCE, Gregory Williams, 1979, 4 pp., $1.00. TREE CROPS FOR SMALL FARMS IN APPALACHIA: PRELIMINARY PROPOSAL FOR RESEARCH, Flip Bell. John Pohlman, Gregory Williams, 1977, 24 pp., $4.00. ENERGY-CONSERVING PERENNIAL AGRICULTURE FOR MARGINAL LAND IN SOUTHERN APPALACHIA: FINAL TECHNICAL REPORT Gregory Williams, 1982, 52 pp. , $8'.oo HORTIDEAS, Published monthly, Subscriptions $10.00/yr. (U.S.) SOME SOURCES OF HARD-TO-OBTAIN SEEDS AND. PLANTS FOR TREE CROPPING CHESTNUT HILL NURSERY,Rt. 3, Box 477, Alachua, Fl. 32615. Hybrid AmericanOriental chestnuts. Price list free. DOUGLAS, Earl, Red Creek, NY 13143. Hybrid American-Oriental chestnuts. Send SASE for price list. HIDDEN SPRINGS NURSERY, Route 14, BOX 159, Cookeville, TN. 38501. Seedling and grafted fruit and nut trees, including honeylocust. Price list free. --- l!<?Q_KS ABQ.l!l'_!REE CROPS: TREE CROPS: A PERMANENT AGRICULTURE, J. Russell Smith. Devin-Adair, New York, 1953. Founding work for the tree crops "movement"; somewhat dated, but worth reading to get excited about the idea of a tree-based agriculture . TREES FOR THE YARD, ORCHARD, AND WOODLOT, Roger Yepsen, Jr., editor, Rodale Press. Emmaus, Pennsylvania, 1976. Introductory chapters on landscaping. orcharding, nut trees. propagation, pest control. useful wild ~pecies, maple sugaring, and woodlot rianagement. NUT TREE CULTURE IN NORTH AMERICA, Richard Jaynes, editor, NNGA, Hamden, Connecticut, 1979. Very thorough and authoritativt• reference--" the bible"! ITCIUSA APPALACHIAN REGIONAL OFFICE, Route l, Gravel Swi.tch, KY 40328. Seeds and graf twood of select honeylocust, black locust, and American persimmon. Price list free. JOHNSON ORCHARD & NURSERY.Route 5, Hox 325, El1jay, GA 30540. Manx peach and nectarine cultivars, also graftc-d apples. Catalog, $1. LAWSON'S NURSERY, Route 1, Box 294, Ball Ground, GA 30107. Many apple and pear cultivars. Catalog free. ~ Special thanks to Greg Williams of t.T.C.l.U.S.A. Fall 1985 . ~ �·-----------------------·Wl-R>MSTDWILUM_____________________...... o~ NATURAL WORLD -( NEWS .,,/ ~':;:{<'!._ : bCac~ buws : a ~uestion of survivat / Black bears have well developed instincts for self-preservation and a reputation for taking care of themselves. tncreaslng human pressure, though, has seriously reduced their numbers to the point that they may not surTive! Recent research trom N. c. State University and the University ot Tennessee shows that over 12! ot the breeding tema.l.e black bears in the Pisgah Bear Sanctuary, and over~ ot the total. population under study there are being killed! This devastating kill rate casts serious doubt on the ability ot the Pisgah Bear Sanctuary to 1D&inta1n an effective breeding nucleus. In the Harmon Den Bear Sanctuary, on the edge of the Great Smoky National Park, over 80% of the bears under study were killed. With the present black bear habitat a scant 5-10% of the species original range, serious questions arise as to whether or not the black bear may be completely extirpated from Katuah. Poaching is the major ceason the bears are disappearing. But dwindling range, periodic food short- Six endangered peregrine falcons took fl i ght from atop Grandfather Mount· ain, N.C. this summer. The restoration program, now in its second year is part of the ?lorth Carolina Wildlife Resource Commission's Nongame and Endangered Species Program. Most of the funding came via checkoff contributions on the ~ ages and an inadequate management plan al.so contribute to a dwindling bear population. Black bears reflect a medicine tradition long valued by our earth based cultures. The Cherokee believe black bear is a descendent of the human tribe and he left the villages to seek his own way in the forests. A Healing Management Program would include a moratorium on bear hunting until stable reproducing populations could be establisheP . North Carolina which has the longest bear hunting season in the southeast would do well to shorten the season by scheduling opening day later in the year. This would protect females since they go into dens sooner and would thus discourage their extinction. Other suggestions include, discontinuing use of radioactive iso· topes for scat monitoring, ban hunting with dogs, ban 2-way radio hunting, protecting old age timber stands for their den trees and hard mast (oak & hickory) and expansion of habitat areas and sanctuaries. state income tax form. A similar program is underway in Virginia with releases scheduled lo begin next year in the high mountains of Tennessee. Peregrine falcons are native to the high mounts ins of Katuah and will be sharing the air streams with 6 golden eagles released this summer from th e Shining Rock Wilderness. The restoration project is administered and staffed by the TVA and the N.C. Wildlife Commission. SG _, , " ...,.. _,;Jt Because of the urgency of black bear survival, it seems important for all of ua to begin to pool information on bear sightings and to document incidents of use of dogs, 2way radios , poaching, and other kills. This documentation will be decisive in influencing the Wildlife Resources Commission to shift its policies from species eradication to species conservation. To participate in the Bear Action Network, please call or write Paul Gallimore, Long Branch Environmental Education Center. Big Sandy M.lsh Creek, Leicester, NC 28748. 704/683-3662. To voice your conservation concerns, write NC Wildife Resources Commission, 512 N. Salisbury St. Raleigh, NC 27611. Please send a copy of your letter to each of the Commissioners: M. WoodroWli'rice, Dr. Richard Adams, David Allsbrook, Jack Bailey, Cy Brame. F.ddie Bridges, Joe Carpenter, Dr. John Hamrick, Henry Kitchin, Stuart Paine, Donald Thompson. Jerry Wright. and Vernon n ~vill, Executive Director. ~ '\. �The Western North Carolina Alliance, the Cowee Community Development Organization of Macon County, Alark.a Laurel Limited, and Walton Smith, a professional forester, have officially filed an administrative appeal with the U.S. Forest Service opposing clear- cutting, poisoning and burning on public lands in the Nantabala National Forest. The jolnt appeal argues that selective cuttin~ and all-age management are far superior to the proposed clear-cutting in the Little Laurel timber sale. It is argued further that the sale violates the National Forest Management Act (NFMA), the Multiple Use and Sustained Yield Act, and the National Environment Policy Act (NEPA). Clear-cutting requires very little professional skill to implement and SU?ervise a timber sale. In the shore run, it produces the greatest mo~etary return and is thus attractive to administrators working on a limited budget. However, the method imposes adverse environmental conditions on an otherwise diverse and self mainttaining syst em, precluding the multiple use and long- term productivity of the southern Appalachian hardwood forests. A summation of these violations are as follows: The appeal maintains that in its Environmental Assessment (EA), the Forest Service fa Ued to consider selective cutting as an alternative. The appeal states that the EA "sets a precedent and represents a general policy ~· ..,-· ~- choice in silviculture techniques, a choice that should not be made in the absence of a 'systematic, interdisciplinary' analysis of long-term environmental impacts.·• The NFMA of 1976 was designed to restrict the extent to which the USFS incorporates clear-cutting in its overall management plans. The foundation for the enactment of NFMA was the Church guidelines which state that clear-cutting may only be used where "silviculturally essential" and after "multidisciplinary review" has been completed. The appeal states that the "EA contains no finding that clearcutting is 'ailviculturally essential'. The USFS's primary justification for clear-cutting is the allegedly high cost of selective cutting, a justification which violates Congress' Jirective that the 'greatest dollar return' is not sufficient reason to clear-cut. Section 4(a) of the ~ultiple Use Sustained Yield Act specifies that "some land will be used for less than all of the resources,., and that the best use is " not necessarily the combination of uses that will give the greatest dollar return or the greatest unit output." The appeal supports the position that "each national forest must be managed with the goal of enhancing its unique inherent contribution to the entire system." Th:fq ... should not be (cont'd on p.14) ~ Champion International recently celebrated "75 Years of Excellence" but to the Pigeon River Action Group (PRAC) of Haywood County, NC, it represents 75 years of effluents. Recently, Champion's permit to dump wastes into the Pigeon R\ver came up for renewal. The North Carolina Environmental Management Commission (EMC) ( a state commission in charge of issuing permit renewals) issued a new pemit, called "toothless and vague" by many citizens, and submitted it to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for comments, according to federal guidelines. Earlier, the EMC had rejected suggestions by the the director of the NC Division of Environmental Management (who ultimately has to approve the permit , on the state level) to str engthen the (cont 'd on p.14) '(AttAl! - page 13 ---~=:..:...:,,,,:::....::===-=-....;~ ----ae- r .. In a time of misguided "Superfunds" and continuing "Studies" it is encourging to know that grass root efforts are still effective.•The snow balling movement to save the Horsepasture River is such a story. (See l<.atuah issues 16 & 18) . Since the spring of '84 the "Friends of the Horsepasture" have fought a proposal by Carrasan Co. (an out - of state investors tax write-off) to dam and develop the river and her five waterfalls. Hore than eleven hundred dues-paying members have contacted their elected officals in Raleigh and encouraged them to support N.C. Senator Hipps and Rep. Crawford's legislation that would include the river in the N. C. Natural and Scenic Rivers System. The bill wuld also direct the N.C. Dept. of Natural Resources to develop a management plan to qualify the Borsepasture for inclusion into the National Wild and Scenic River System. On June 7 the N.C. House and Senate voted unanimously in favor of this legislation. It is now up to Govenor Martin to request the U.S. Secretary of Interior to admit the river into the national system. Appropriation of funds to the U.S. Forest Service from the Land & Water Conservation Fund by Congress will be needed to purchase land to accomplish complete protection of the tract which includes 3 of the 5 major falls. U.S. Congressperson Rendon is exploring this possibility. . Hore info: FRIENDS OF THE BORSEPASTURE P.O.Box 272 ~~ Cedar Mountain,NC 28718 ~ �~ ' ?, no! ..• clear-c utting (cont'd from p.13) compromised in order to harvest a fixed quota of timber on an annual basis.'' Cutting for pulpwood and replanting in white pine while neglecting the diversity of native species shows that the USFS is pursuing the "greatest unit output" and is in direct violation of this Act. The appeal is now being considered by Regional Forester, Joe Alcock. The Alliance has won a "stay'' on this sale and is advocating a moratorium on clearcutting in the Nantahala National Forests, until the contents of the revised 50-year forest management plan are revealed. CORPORATE FORESTRY PRACTICES Hello, A friend haa suggested that I write a letter to Kat6ah about my experiences with the forestry practices in the southeast of our country. I ' ve worked the trees (treeplanting) in the southeast for five seasons now, the last two as a foreman for a large treeplanting outfit. Most of my experience has been on land owned privately by large paper companies. If you study maps of the southern states , you'll see many large areas with minimum development. These are often paper company lands. Corn and cotton farming devastated much of this land, rendering it useless for farming and enabling the big companies to acquire it quite cheaply. Forestry, as practiced by the paper companies, means pines, generally genetically improved stock of the loblolly species. This inhibits local varieties and leaves little or no room for hardwood varieties. Once, while riding to a site with a young forester , I remarked about the nice big oaks in someone's yard. The forester smiled and said, "That• s two words that you don ' t hear in the same sentence in forestry school: ' n ice' and 'oak'. If it ' s not pine, it's weeds." Practices vary from company to company, and even from forester to forester within the same company, but generally the only areas left to hardwoods sre wetlands and drains , KA TG.\H - page 14 .....:: permit guidelines. One commission member stated," I would hate to see a threat put on a company that has really broken their back (to improve water quality on the Pigeon River)." EPA, within the 90-day comment period, responded to the EMC by insisting that the permit contain tougher language and specific action. Ignoring EPA ' s review comments, EMC went ahead and issued the original weak permit, anyways. Historically, the EPA has never voided a permit that a state has issued. However, in an unprecedented move, EPA voided this North Carolina permit in August. As indicated by EPA's comments to EMC, the permit did not comply with the required federal Clean Water Act guidelines. Now, the EMC has 90 days to draft a new permit or the EPA will take over and issue its own. James O. Sheppard, Jr., a spokesperson for the NC Division of Environmental Management has stated that the EMC might not have the statutory authority to implement the recommendations. Meanwhile, Tennessee is suing North Carolina and Champion stating and that often reluctantly. Even steep hillsides get replanted in pine. A few companies seem unwilling even to leave the drains i f they own land on both sides of a creek or river. Champion International - "largest paper company in the world" - also probably the largest landowner in the eastern US, is still doing clearcuts of a phenomal size: up to 2,000 acres in a single tract. Of course, clearcut ting doesn't eliminate hardwoods, as we ' re well aware. This means that the land must be further prepared for treeplanting by either rootraking and piling, chopping, and burning the brush; or even disking and double-disking the soil. These techniques eliminate hardwoods, as well as rootmats, groundcover, and most of the topsoil that's managed to reform onto what was often mediocre land at best. A technique rising in popular~ty that effectively eliminates the hardwoods and saves the topsoil is the use of massive quantities of herbicides. This can effectively wipe out the hardwoods, but it tends to hove very detrialental effects on wildlife, as well as on the foresters and technicians doing the applications. Aerial spray and burn is being utilized on a large scale. I've been on sites that were over 600 acres and devastated by application of herbicide and thorough burning. Some major problems arising from this approach are: overspray onto str eams and rivers and onto "innocent" land (including crop fields) and residential wells and springs. People directing the spray are often soaked by the stuff. Once the land is prepped, tree- ; .• ~ ...._: ~11111.·.-::~...'t. - _.,,.;r - '"'~ • e5cont 'd from p.13) that the mill should be required to clean up the river and thus meet Tennessee clean water standards. A 1980 N.C. state analysis showed that the water was so dark that sunlight could not penetrate and nurture the aquatic life required by most fish to live. Champion has recently installed a small scale ultrafiltration test syst to explore the feasibility of removing the color from the effluent. But, Dick Mullinix, chairperson of PRAG, points out that since 1973 Champion has held patent on a sy:;t:em that could clean up to 90% of the colored effluent but it was ignored, and only recently has public pressure forced the company to begin testing. PRAG and its legal backers, the Legal Environmental Assistance Foundation (LEAF, Knoxville,TN) and the Con servation Council of North Carolina, rallied support and urged EPA to take up this issue. Further legal action is expected. Hore info: ,_ °' ""' Pigeon River Action Croi ' p P.O.Box 105 h Waynesville, NC 28786 /. planters come in and set out the pines in a grid designed to close off a canopy in 5 to 7 years. This keeps out new growth and eliminates the diversity of plant life and habitat so necessary for wild things to prosper. "How about some solutions?" you say. The best solution is, of course, the people getting the land again, rebuilding homesites and gardens, and developing wells , springs, villages , and communities. But these are quite complex and difficult issues, especially as forestry in the private sector is first and foremost an economic undertaking. Perhaps some grassroots "forest watch" operations will develop, which might provide some means of regulating the use of the land and eliminating its destruction. lllaybe by restricting the size of some of these logging operations and giving local people some recourse to deal with abuses by their corporate neighbors. ln the meantime, l will suggest that, while travelling, you get on some "blue line" highways and see for yourself how the land is being cared for. Tom Franko Rt. 1, Box 243-8 Floyd, VA 24091 ~ P' Fall 1985 C. fl cc - AA �. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111!11!!11. . . .!lll..... WIAMJORUTDWO.l.IN~. . . .~. . . . . .11111. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . After three months of discussion and R-5 the only trees that will requir~ Ur' Gr¥ftc£s by Gus Radom "Thtn• arc tides in the affairs of humankind and we are at a low ebb." Preclsely at the moment requiring the Krcalcst leadership we have the least. This region, Asheville in particular, ls going through dramatic change: change that will touch our lives dircct ly and daily, whether or not we choose to be involved. Thg city of Ashevi11P fAcPs ~er ious problems. "Asheville," according to former city manager, Ken Michalovc, "is literally rotting away . " The infrastructure that supports our urban way of life is rapidly falling apart. But the deterioration that I wish to address is on the surface of the land. As our natural environmenl L•rodes, so does the quality of our lives . Cotn111ercial development is rapidly transforming the landscape and lhus the character of our city. The standard approach has been :o cut down all the trees, level the site, and pave everything . Once the process begins it snowballs . The development tragedies on Merriman Avenue have diminished the value of every home in North Asheville. Trees buffer our neighborhoods from the harshness of the street and the collllllercial districts. When they are gone we lose a part of our heritage. Our sense of place, our peace, and our solitude are diminished. Our homes constitute the largest investment most of us will ever make. We spend our entire adult lives paying for that investment. That purchase provides us shelter and offers us community . Collectively, our homes create our neighborhoods,our major place in the world . Our neighborhoods, under normal circumstances, pass from one generation to the next providing the same healthy environment year after year. Asheville has long provided all the South with a wonderful retreat. But how long, at the present rate, will there be a cool, green Asheville? We have oo coaprehensive plan of development. We have no blueprint to guide us. We are stumbling expensively into the future. A few private citizens, including myself. observing the damage snd seeing no established leadership addressing the issue of tree destruclion, have been trying to turn this around. KATCAH - page 15 research (gathering tree ordinances and advice from all over the South) we produced a tree ordinance unique to our situation. We consulted two members of the city council, seeking their support and advice. They suggested that we first gain the endorsement of the Tree Conunission and allow the commission to present the ordinance to council. We did this . For months we pressed the Tree Commission for their support of an ordinance t~at they should have initiated years ago. Thanks to the self-serving leadership of several members of the commission this ordinance was weakened by numerous amendments and delayed for more than nine months. The ordinance finally passed the Tree Commission , but the leadership of the commission has done nothing to promote this o rdinance before city council. The proposed tree ordinance is by no means assured to pass City Council. It is controversial and will cost the City some money to enforce . It will pass only if the members of the Council believe it has strong support from a majority of the people in the city. The proposed Asheville Tree Ordinance is designed to prevent the indiscriminate pruning and removal of trees in the City , but without denying the reasonable use and economic benefit of real property.Although the emphasis in this Ordinance is on protection, the authors intend this to be only a first step in a comprehensive program to preserve , maintain and replenish Asheville's green environment. The Ordinance has five essential components: ~~ ARBORIST First, it calls for the hiring of a CITY ARBORIST: a tree specialist who will help the city make informed decisions when tree removal is requested, and to help formulate policies to properly care for the City ' s own trees. Most importantly, the CITY ARBORIST will design an educational program to make the general public aware of the value of our own trees and to give technical information on how to care for them. PERMIT FOR REMOVAL -- -Seconcf,--c-heOrdinance requires any person who intends to remove any tree over 12 inches in diameter to obtain a permit from the City. The only exception to this requirement is trees within the setback lines of property zoned residential. ln other words, for property zoned R-1 thru a permit to be removed will be thost· within a certain margin around the perimeter of each lot . If a developer or landowner lntends to remove a t ree during the development of any land in the City. a lree removal permit will be required along with other building permits, and the City will have the power to rescind all the permits if the provisions of the Tree Protection Ordinance are not followed. The Ordinance also includes guidelines for the protection of existing trees during construction. A lree removal permit will be granted in any case where the applicant can demonstrate a good reason for removing the tree. Specifically , a permit will be granted if the tree is dead, diseased, or otherwise dangerous or obstructive, or if removal of the tree is necessary for the proper development of the property, or for the benefit and health of other trees.In some cases permits will be granted on the condition that new trees are planted on the property. Special provisions have been made ~n the Ordinance to regulate, but not impede, the pruning and cutting done by the public utility companies in the course of maintaining utility lines. Other special provisions have been made for emergencies such as severe storms,and for the appeal of permit denials. PRUNING AND TOPPING A third section of the ordinance requires that any pruning of trees be done according to standards set by the Tree Commission. Although no permit will be required for pruning, excessive pruning that cause the death of any tree will be treated as if the trees were cut down without a permit. The purpose of these provisions is to stop the unsightly mutilation of mature hardwoods in the name of •topping~ PENALTIES ~-Tht?°penalties section of the Ordinance makes both the lsndowner and the person who actually does the cutting subject to the penalties. The criminal penalties that may be imposed are $50. per tree, or 30 days in jail. Civil penalties can be up to $10,000 . PLANTING ON CITY PROPERTY -- Finally , the Ordinance encourages any citizens of Asheville to plant trees on City property in accurdanc .. with the City Tree Plan adopted by the Tree Commission. cont'd on p.21 ·• ~~~ ~ - " Fsll~l985 �t .• A Fall 1985 • t~ �Fall 1985 .... ~. - �. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .WEAM,OIOUTDWD.UM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . DRUMMING LETIERS TO KATUAH Hello Ka tuah ! Just got done reading Gary Snyder's interview in The Mother Earth News and will use that reinspiration to write. Bioregionalism does nothing but make sense to me and I have discussed it with lots of folks since my introduction to it through ex-Co-Evolution Quarterly. I am drawn to the idea for ecological(moral) and political(decentralization) reasons. I do not consider myself a pessimist, yet I cannot see the institution of such "radical" politics in my lifetime. Still, given my personal reality and witnessing a growth of spiritual awakening in .. this country, it is time to promote sanity and cOllDDunity . The establishment of bioregionalism would be, to me, nothing short of mass enlightenment, the birth of human beings • .. •• We are capable as a species. May we rise to our potential through creative insight and courage. Please send me any and all necessary info to better educate me so I may pass the truth along to others. I'll thank you in advance for your kindness and help and your loving work for the earth and its creatures. · One woman, trying to walk in balance- Cotton Willis, Va. "one does not give over to alternative realities without summon ing up forces of nature and mind which urban-industrialism was designed to exclude, never to contain" Theodore Roszak Where The Wasteland Ends Dear Katuah, I ' m writing to request that you publish a correction to an article published in the Spring 1985 loouc of KotWih. The article was on Socially Responsible '"ii\veBting (page 15). The problem is simply that you screwed up our address in the "Resources" sect.ion. The address given is "28 Montpelier, VT.05602" . The correct address is: 28 Main St . ; Montpelier, VT 05602. While I have your attention, I just want to let you know that I think your publication is absolutely first-rate; it' s the strongest, most coherent publication I've seen yet from the bioregional oovement. Thanks for your help and support. Sincerely, Larry Lewack Marketing Director GOOD MONEY :<ATf. - page 18 .\H Dear Friends, I'm writing to express my feelings of how meaningful I think your paper is for the times we face today. I think Kat6ah represents an emerging awareness and networking of peoplP with many basic concerns. beliefs and philosophies.I think that i• is part of the global consciousness that is striving for peace, equality between peoples and nations, and an expression of feelings of love for the Mother Earth. ~et me tell you briefly of our goals and current function here at Northwoods Center for Natural Health. One is to network out info=mation to people in every way that we can . We do this through newsletters, talks, newspaper articles, etc. A second ts to begin a Center for networking with individuals that can help teach a selfsustaining way of life and a respect for the earth. With that we want to instill a greater degree of planetary consciousness in people by bringing them in contact with guest lecturers. Thirdly , we will have health retreat weeks for those interested in regaining health in a European rejuvenation setting. And fourth, we provide personalized health programs and back and neck pain therapy for any individual coming to our Center in Brevard. With Warmth and Light, Or. Frank Trombetta, O.Sc. Ro list ic Health 304 Water Oak Suites Brevard NC 28712 Hi Good People, The SU11DDer issue is great but the second part of Lowell Hayes' painting is upside down. The reservoir flooded up the valley covering the homestead as It rose. Touching gently our Mother Earth, Karl Yost Willis, Va. KatU'ah, On my 10th birthday, spent here in these mountains, I announced to my family that one day this would be my home. I knew even then that these maternal nurturing hills would cradle me and I would live a life close to the earth. Nowfinally-1 am home! No other place ever felt like home-only these mountains. So if this is my home, where are my roots, my past knowledge of gener. ations. my life cord? Katuah is just that ... connecting me with relatives living and those who have gone on before me. It is my anchoring roots-so that I may concentrate on producing nurturing fruits. Suaan Claese ~ �. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . WlAlllfOllUTOW'IU.EMI. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AS 1 sit beneath the towering white oak, I feel the coolness of it's breath on this hot SU11111er day. I lay my palms upon the base of it's trunk and feel it's life blood courslng beneath the bark. Earth-breath stirs the leaves gently and I am reminded that where there is breath, there is spirit I remember the breathing of the oak and try to make my breath juat as silent. Leaning against the oak, I place my hands 'and bare feet against the bare soil; illlagining them to be roots, 1 push them into the soil and draw the Earth Hother's healing and growing power into myself The oak's abundant fruit has fed me, and now it's strong spirit nourishes me. I feel it's plentiful power flooding me with strength, vigor, and endurance I open my eyes, give my thanks to the white oak and realize that when I need these things, the oak will be there for me. 1 will protect and preserve it as long as I shall live, and I will pass the task on to my children, who inherit the stewardship of this land. With my newfound strength, I run up to the ridge and down to my valley home. FRIEND TO HUMANS The oaks have been known as sustainers and healers for centuries . A variety of species of oak (spp. quercus ) are indigenous to Turtle Island (N. America) and their gifts have been well known to many native tribes. I have been told that the old-time Cherokee runners earring messages between the different clans travelled only with extra mocassins and a pouch of acorn and corn Meal on their belts. The runners would keep a pinch in their mouth as they ran for an hour or so, then swallow and take another. This sustained the runners as they covered up to 100 miles in a loping, 20 hour trot through the rich woodlands of Katuah. All acorns are edible and all contain bitter tannin in varying amounts 'Ille oaks are divided into two groups by botanists: the white oaks, whose leaves have rounded lobes, with sweeter acorns and more tannin in the bark; and the red oaks, whose leaves have pointed lobes, with bitter acorns and less tannin in the bark. ~~st desirable for food are the chestnut oak (quercus prinus) acorns. The nut meats are the largest I know, so less time is spent shelling and they are very owcct The whicc ook (quercus alba) is so sweet that a light roasting will render them edible, with a bitterness comparable to that of coffee. Gather the acorns as soon as possible after they fall, as most become infested with weevils within a week. Green acorns are fine. The bitterness is removed by a leaching process. First, grind the shelled acorns in a flour mill into course acorn grits. The moist acorns will not pass through if the mill is set too fine. Put the grits in a cotton On Tall Trees O mighty oak Long in silence I look on you And draw power and renewal from your aura. Often I wonder of your making, Gnarled in places, How slowly, slowly do you grow, How long how many years in the making! Controller of climate and rainfall Protector of top soil, protector of the earth, Inspiring of strength Favorite of ancients of Druids, of religious groups. How mighty in sinew, Inspiring in strength! 0 to stop the crime Of wasting you! What mystery radiances breathe you in and breathe you out? You are of the tall trees, The friend of owls, You are old .•. so old! You are the acorn, You are the oak! © W. Walters oock, tic it closed and place in cold running water; a creek or in the sick under a slow, steady stream. White oak acorns will leach in 4-8 hours; some red oaks take as long as 14-16 hours. Just taste the grits to see if all the astringency has been removed. Then spread the grits in a thin layer on a flat surface (a stone heated by the sun or fire, or on a cookie sheet in a 200 degree oven) and dry thoroughly. Grind the brown grits into a fine flour. You now have a food that is approximately 6.5% protein, 68% carbohydrate , .1% fat and for each 100 grams, you get 12 mg calci11111, 314 mg phosphorous, 2 mg iron, .02 mg thiamine, .40 mg riboflavin and .5 mg niacin - not to mention all your body will tell you about its food value. ASH CAKES Traditionally, acorn flour and corn meal are mixed with water and a small amount of sifted oak wood ash (which makes the protein more accessible to our bodies) to make a stiff batter After your oak and hickory wood fire has burned for 1 hour, remove wood and coals, dig a large, bread loaf sized pit in the hearth and line it with red hot coals and ashes. Pour the batter onto the coals then place more ash on top, then more coals, then build the fire back up on top. After one half to one hour (depending on the size of your ash cake) I take out the bread. The blackened outer crust has formed an "oven" for the sweet, moist bread inside. Thia is a very sustaining food with a complete, balanced protein content. When you're in the kitchen, try this recipe for the most delicious corn bread you've ever had: I I cornmeal le l/2c acorn flour I/Jc soy flour l/4c w/wheat flour 2tsp salt l egg l}i;c milk 3tbsp honey Jtbsp oil optional: le chopped black walnuts le toasted sunflower seed mix all dry ingredients , add liquids and beat until smooth. Pour into muffin tins or cake pan and bake for 20-30 minutes until a toothpick comes out clean . Medicinally oak bark is a powerful astringent - antiseptic with several applications A decoction made (cont'd. p. 24) 198S �ed together to form a starry patchwork quilt of colldctive being . Feminine power is once more on the ascendant; the summer lion of personal will d:lssolves in the glory o f transcendent love ••• " " Feminine power is activated in the fall as vital energy descends to the roots of our beings . It is through the feminine aspect in human nature that the purifying fire of M ichael can rightfully be wielded. Justice, a feminine fi gure, watches over and weighs the spiritual harvest ••• " "In the first half of autwun, we gather in the harvest and clear away the 'chaff ' . In the second half, we integrate the spiritual fruits of the past year cycle. The 'sword of trut h' and the scale are symbolic of the first psychic process, which is inspired and facilitated by the observance of Michaelmas, the Great New Moon C ere1110ny, Yom Kippur, and Hallowmas. The mysticas al union of spiritual fruits is symbolized by the Jewish suka (four-sided hut), the Native American medicine wheel and World Tree with four roots, the Chr istian Ad ven t wreath , and the Chanukah dr e i dl .. . " Fil.Om the I n-tltodu.c,Uo n to .the Calendalt : "This calendar j ournal is intended to demonstra te t hat the celebrations of all racial and r eligious cultures represent complementary aspects of one gr eat world cult ure and are r eflected in the diverse psychic elements that m ake up each individual . Holy days and all notable historic events can be viewed in the context of the annual cycle as phases of individual and collective development. According to an old Dakota song ' t he year is a circle around the world '. The myths of all cultures can be meaningfully pr ojected on the mandala of the annual rhythm. " "Fall is the time to reap the psvchic as well aa physical fruits of th.a groving season. Each of us is a ray which goes forth 1o spring t o embr ace a particular aspact of crdation and r•turns i n fall with a ~rsonal harves t to share wit h our COlmllWlity. Individual •xpcriancea are now joinK.\TCAH - page 20 "Fall is the season of complet ion, of 1110ving toward mystic wholeness when diverse states of consciousness may be brought into h8rlll0ny. In the Gnostic view, Christ is the soul of the Earth (the incarnate solar principle). The soul of the world, the center of the circle cross of the Earth symbol, can be approached only by man.Heating within ourselves the essential nature of every religion and cult ure. The most important message of the fall is that all faiths are essentially bas.sd on one great body of truth of which each world religion and culture is an integral part. The medicine wheel is a primary Native American symbol which defines the four parts of the human psyche, provtd.ss a path to the integration of these psychic elemenes and indicates how the individual may best be integrated into the tribal community. A person first experiences each of the four directions before balancing i n the center o f the circle cross. Then all four states of being come alive at the same time and the medicine wheel begins to turn. The medicine wheel of Native Amer- ica and the Great Pyramid both symbolize the procciss of psychic transformation through which the formative elements of human nature are aligned and integrated by the fifth principle (the quJ.ntessence}, spiritual awareness. This transformative process is also the purpose of the Cherokee "s quard ground" which is used for ceremonial dance in this season. It is the basis for celebrating the four we4*. Advent period which culminates in the ligh ting of a f ifth candle in a "medicine wheel" circle of greenery . Fall is the season to create a new state of being, a more inclusive form of consciousness, aud it is the time to consciously let go of the old form, to ring in the new year. Creative meditation and rational fasting have a place in this process and so do singing, chanting , and dancing . Let's recall the words of Lame D e1:1r: 'Dancing and praying-it's the same thing', when w1:1 celebrate Advent and include a little enlightened Saturnalia, for its purpose is to break up psychic patterns from the old year, to help us open our hearts to the ligh t of a new star ••• " (f '1e~v ts~ c1vc- le~v-oV1noL the wov\d~ the "The New Moon of Libra , the first following the Fall Equinox , marks the spiritual New Year in the New World Cycle of Celebrations ... . This is the time of the Great New M oon Ceremony, the New Year celebration commemorating the world ' s creation in Cherokee and Iroquois tradition . Immersion in a pure body of w ater at sunrise followed by crystal ga zing co perceive the future year is a traditional aspect of the ceremony." Advance o r ders for The 1986 " New W l d Cycle of Celebrations Calenor dar Journal" a r e now being ta ken . Send $8. 00 to : New Wo r l d Celebra tions P . O. Box 6054 Charlot te, N 2820 7 ~ C !!". • --FaH l91f5 �. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . WEAMFOFIUTOWlii.ERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11111!. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Review M)UNTAINEERS AND RANGERS: A HISTORY OF FEDERAL FOREST MANAGEMENT IN THE SOUTHERN APPALACHIANS 1900-81 Shelley Smith Mastran and Nan Lowerre (U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C. 20402) $7.00 The federal government, particularly in the form of the U. S. Forest Service, has been a strong force in the development of the current were mounted knights carrying the conservation message into the wilds. Now, since the political tide has turned, a new chapter in the history of federal involvement in Kat6ah is being wcitten. The DOE is threatening to dump nuclear waste on the mountains. The Forest Service is meeting considerable popular opposition for undertaking large-scale clear-cutting operations, and has been implicated in offering the lumber interests large hand-outs in the form of below-cost timber sales. But that is to be read in the future. At present, MOUNTAINEERS AND RANGERS offers an illuminating look at one of the powers that helped to shape today . VRDAN Tl\EES (continued from p.15) Recently at a conference on Buncombe County ln the 21st Century, Ian McHarg, noted author and landscape architect , emphasized the importance of incorporating the natural environment into the design of our cities. Approximately 76% of Americans live in or near urban areas. This figure will rise. As we purchase smaller homes on less or no land, we instinctively turn to our urban forests for that occasional respite, for the reflection and solace we sometimes desperately need in our often crowded and hectic lives . Imagine New York City without Central Park. Urban forests offer city folks a wide variety of delights and benefits. In spite of unrelenting pressures for urbanization, 30% of the surface area of an average U.S. city is covered with trees. This is a larger portion of forest cover than is found in the typical countryside. The proposed city arborist in the Ordinance would facilitate the crucially importa:it integration of sound urban forest planning and management with commercial and residential development. In conclusion, as private citizens we have a responsibility to act when there is no action. If we fail to do so, we become the victims. Your help in the passage of the tree ordinance is critical. We need your influence, your letters, your phone calls . This is but a first step. We can turn this thing around. ~ economic and cultural realities of the Katclah province. Under contract to the U.S . Forest Service, researchers Shelley Smith Mastran and Nan Lowerre have docu~ented the federal *** presence and the changes it has "In the early days, only the largest brought to Southern Appalachian forestry and forest lands in the and highest quality trees were cut: course of the 20th century . cherry, ash, walnut, oak, and yellowUnlike many goverument public(tulip) poplar, often as large as 25 ations, MOUNTAINEERS AND RANGERS feet in circumference. Although it is not a monotonous litany of is difficult to imagine today, trees alphabet agencies or a selfwere felled that were larger in diajustifying array of statistics meter than an average man stands. Some designed to def end an agency portable sawmills were brought into budget. Rather, the authors have the mountains in the earlier years, produced a book that is interesting but logs from these enormous trees and readable because they have were usually transported to a'mill, given attention to the existing some miles distant, by horse, oxen, forestry practices and cultural or water . Typically, log splash dams patterns in the area and, for better were built on the shallow mountain or wors~, the profound effect the streams so that many logs could be federal agencies have had on land moved at one time. Logs were rolled use and the mountain way of life. into the lakes formed behind the dams, UndLCStandably, they linger in and with a buildup from rain or the golden days of forestry in the· melting snow, the.dams were opened to Appalachians: the days of Teddy let the logs cascade down the mountains. Roosevelt, Carl Schenck, and Prom wider places on the river, Gifford Pinchot, when the Forest Gi.1.6 Hado11.n, a ~i.den;t; 06 At.hetrees - as many as 40 to 120 at a Service was young and "the district ville, NC, htU> be.e.n a p!Llnci.pal. i.ntime - were lashed together to form -ltla;to11. ht de.ve.i.op.ing a comp11.ehe.nranger • •• was the backbone of forest rafts, which were piloted downriv~;~~ administration . " Forest rangers 1>i.ve Vi.ee. oJr.di.nanc.e. 601t hi.6 ~. to the mills." ,P"' at that time were crusaders - messengers bearing tidings of the young science of forestry, of conservation and enlightened land use to the mountain people. The days of the CCC, when thousands of people were gainfully employed at useful conservation work during the depression years is also emphasized, but the book does not neglect discussions of the social impact of the Forest Service's land acquisition policies, the economic effects of the federal government as landowner, and the controversy surrounding the RARE II proposals of the early 1980's . The federal government has figured so prominently in the history of Katuah since the turn of the century, that MOUNTAINEERS AND RANGERS offers a good overview of the history of the province and its forests during this period . The book is extensively annotated, and the bibliography alone is an excellent guide to readings on Southern Appalachia during this period. There is a certain admiration and nostalgia for the days when issues were simpler, before Forest Service "Aw, sheee-iit" ethics became entangled in the economics of the international timber market , and when the rangers Fall 1985 OS sgaq - Hf.~1/J. �The publications listed below are available from Appalachian Regional Office, l.T.C.I.U.S.A,, lnc., Route I, Gravel Switch, KY 40328. Prices l isted include postage and handling within the U.S. PROPAGATION METHODS AND SOURCES FOR UNCOMMON PERENNIAL FOOD PLANTS: A LITERATURE REVIEW IN TABULAR FORM Cregory Williams, 1983 (slightly vised 1984), 49 pp., $6.00. ;e- by Brian Caldwell We are trying an intercropping system that might be of utility on other farns. On an 80 ft. by 90 ft. test plot, we have planted raspberries in rows 15 feet apart (about twice the usual spacing). In the rows with the berry canes, we set young Chinese chestnut trees every 15 feet. The chestnut trees are mulched, weeded and fertilized along with the berries, which are allowed to grow close beside the trees. Beds of vegetables about 5 feet wide run between the raspberry-chestnut rows. This system is an attempt to care for a succession of crops with the least effort, while making good use of space. We suspect that the raspberries. grown without the use of pesticides, have fewer problems with fungal diseases due to the improved air circulation of wide rows. It seems reasonable to use the extra space for vegetables. Because rasp-· berry plantings typically last only about 5-7 years because of virus problems, the chestnuts provide a crop co "take over" after the berries.The young trees require special care (particularly weed control) for about 3 years after planting, yet bearing begins on l y after about 5 years or more.It does not make much sense to invest the special care and space exclusively for the non-bearing trees so we put them right in the berry rows! They will not seriously compete with the berries until the berries are on the way out. The berry mulching and fertilizing are ideal fo r the trees, and competition from the berries does not appear siRnificant. Note that, with the use of mulch, it is important to protect the tree trunks from rodents with some sort of guards. Eventually. we will have a ~rove of chestnut trees on a 15 feet by 15 feet spacing. This is too close for mature t rel'!1. llowever. t hcse a re seedlin~ trees, not ~rafts. and it is likely that somt• will be poorer bearPrs than others.After about JS vears, they will b~ thinned out, leaving onlv the best. The aTea formerlv occ~ :'-\;'~'AH - ?ag~ ll upied by raspberries and vegetables will be sheep pasture. And the chestnut yield in the early years will have been much improved over the yield for trees originally planted on a recommended spacing of 30 feet by 30 feet. This system is appropriate for many kinds of trees . Strawberries could substitute for the vegetables, but blueberries, gooseberries, asparagus, and rhubarb all last so long that their total production as "raspberry substitutes" would be seriously reduced by the trees. Areas used for this system should be free from perennial weeds. fn our plot, we have had problems only with the tarnished plant bug and, at first, too low fertility for high raspberry yields. An organic fertilizer (about 20 pounds of N per acre) placed beneath the mulch the last two springs resulted in much better growth of the fruiting canes. The berries also benefit from vegetable fertilization . Reprinted from Agroforestry Review. Back issues available from: - - International Tree Crops Institute, Appalachian Regional Office USA Route 1, Gravel Switch, Ky. 40328 ------ r-e.so-~ i.is~ : tyu U"op~ - - ~KS ABOUT TREE CROPS: TREE CROPS: A PERMANENT AGRICULTURE, J. Russell Smith, Devin-Adair, New York, 1953. Founding work for the tree crops "movement"; somewhat dated, but worth reading to get excited about the idea of a tree-based agriculture. TREES FOR THE YARD, ORCHARD, AND '"'OODLOT. Roger Yepsen, Jr. , editor, Rodale Press, Emmaus, Pennsylvania. 1976. Introductory chapters on landscaping. orcharding, nut trees. propagation, pest control, useful wild species. maple sugaring. and woodlot management. NlIT TREE CULTURE IN NORTH AMERTCA, Richard Jaynes, editor, NNGA, Hamden, Connecticut, 1979. Very thorough and authoritativt• reference--" the bib le"! ACRISILVICULTURE FOR APPALACHIA: A BIBLIOGRAPHY, Gregory Williams, 1979, 9 pp .• $2.00. AGRlSILVICULTURE: A NECESSARY RENAISSANCE, Gregory Williams, 1979, 4 pp., $1.00. TREE CROPS FOR SMALL FARMS IN APPALACHIA: PRELIMINARY PROPOSAL FOR RESEARCH, Flip Bell. John Pohlman, Gregory Williams, 1977, 24 pp . , $4.00. ENERGY-CONSERVING PERENNIAL AGRICULTURE FOR MARGINAL LAND IN SOUTHERN APPALACHIA: FINAL TECHNICAL REPORT Gregory Williams, 1982, 52 pp. , $8~00 HORTIDEAS, Published monthly, Subscriptions $10.00/yr. (U.S.) SOME SOURCES OF HARD-TO-OBTAIN SEEDS AND PLANTS FOR TREE CROPPING CHESTNUT HILL NURSERY,Rt. 3, Box 477, Alachua, Fl. 32615. Hybrid AmericanOriental chestnuts. Price list free. DOUGLAS, Earl, Red Creek, NY 13143. Hybrid American-O r iental chestnuts. Send SASE for price list . HIDDEN SPRINGS NURSERY, Route 14, BOX 159, Cookeville, TN . 38501 . Seedling and grafted fruit and nut trees, including honeylocust. Price list free. ITCIUSA APPALACHIAN REGIONAL OFFICE, Route I, Gravel Switch, KY 40328. Seeds and graf t wood of select honeylocust, black locust, and American persimmon. Price list free. JOHNSON ORCHARD & NURSERY , Route 5, 60x 325, E1ijay, GA 30540 . Mltoy peach and nectarine cultivars, also graft~d apples. Catalog, $1. LAWSON ' S NURSERY, Route I, Box 294, Ball Ground, GA 30107. Many apple and pear cultivars. Catalog free. ~ Special thanks to Greg Williams of LT .c.r.u.s.A. Ea-11 19a5 �....................................llllllll........... Wl4MIOOIOTOWILWIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. "T<•c '""'Y of our forebt .. rs and lut'.U<·•ncri ti uk u tern•s of o fl'" Cf'le,·t<!d "l*C'1es--whot tl.cy eel l ' iorf!ft trt'd Sl>t-ClE:s '--so that IJy el in in<>t ion ol l other tr<-es oecor ••e 1 'A t!(•d V.pt!tie!i .. The 1 'Afl'l•O Sf>eClt-C' ron•<-~t ~act•lct th•t • •orcsttr sl.ou le CJl'l r io of any t t ee Veil i eties bul thl' few thc>t are currently ld.<Jh on th<> 11... ikPl. Tl.is rnov.-s low.;1d ,, 110110C\.ll ur ,. prnct ice . l·•onocul tu re y1·owiny ovi:rtaxe& the soil, exposes tlie crop lrees Lo dun9er fron insec ts, disease, er fire, •rad pUtb the landow11cr at the n·l'rcy of • consta ntly fluctuat inc; lll<O ):et.. "Tl 1t: t. t t::..~ Ven i ~Lieb kuowu lW~y db 'wef'd s 1>C'cies ' .. re ~.ir>l'lY trcei. thdt we do not know how to use. Ev1:r~ Sl'(•ci<•s of tr<>e has j ts own pot..,11tial. As an exd~plE: the dogwood tree i s not tighly desira~le today, but 20 ye&rs ago do9woud wat• one of the mo11t valuabl~ wood~ in the forest. It was used to no~k.e textile shuttles, because the wooo would wear slllO(>th and would not pick the threads. Ever~· small town had a dogwood mill wh~-~ voltt'r &a,.s cul d09wood blocks irto squdre lo be roade :uoto i.huttles. Because textile blin ttlei; are now nade of COlll[>rt-sbed wood or ~yr•tl1E:llc l'ldterials, do<;wood h ..1< no n.iket today . But tl1a1 doc-s not ~"' tht: ..OO<; is cseless. rt su I l lb on( cf t hi! l:'est woods growir.<J. we s1rnr•lr llO:t'cl :o fir•c where it C"11n Ii<· l: Pt t used. "1'h<•H .:n~ othe r woods in birrdlar C' l r t·1Jn1! t nnc<'s. M 1..ll.t1r ry j s " .. pl vr•t J d woc1d ll•r i11lryi; . Sassafra .. wooo bot bf'iJUI If l: I l ones tJ11d ... ) J I yi V<· C1f j i Is 1 l• a1.i1 <J odor for 50 Yl"<•I>. Silv~·th<•ll ii; io 1•lai11 wood, but 1 t firii::l.1·~ "ell "r1u car1 l l• la.&ec.! 1 r t\Jt ri1 r y wood ; r oductt!. l'lM'I, t.Jl..n l l i " white wood . •r Uti(d 10 te ~01.11>0 .r 11,,. lntcl11•r t Joor <•f o;v«r~ nt>u1:tdit1 r.•! lt , t..< rul•s• INhl·n 1 t h•s sc.-nhbec "ith ""' <·r, ll t1.rni'c1 ,, lt11lli<11~t wJ·ite, c.lr•<bt J.ke . .. 111•• ~ lN> le1.111· !"locu . Fae-ti k a.c! c·~ \ Ood !w. l l ' (•WI ' C"hi•tdL t t-d!ol iCS . I Jtt.l J~Vl <i~'\'• ti • jCioc;! sr:ioll ~Ut'ilP!·t ('C'l\.d\.O lll· lUJ<'<> growing Sl't·c·icl wo,•dt- fM (to next page) KATUAP. - page 23 l8ll 1 ill. SIVILCULTURE SIMPLIFIED There are two major silviculture practices, even-aged and uneven-aged. Ir even-aged silviculturt a for~st is cut complet.ely to the bt1re ground and a r.ew forest is started with seedlings or sprouts from cul trees . An unevenaged forest contains trees of all age and size classes a11d n• be of one or ay 111any sJ,Jecit-s, as ir. the case with hardwoods . It is harvested perioeically by cutting a portion of the trees, usually the n~ture trees or trees of poorer quality. Even-aged s1l1;iculture is more coll1Itl0n with tie pinet-, firs, spruce, and other coniferous tr<·es, although it has been practiced i r. recent years on harc!woods. Even-aged silviculture can be accornplished by clearcut.Ling the forest in blocks or in strips , the latter bEing known ab the shelterwood system . The size of the cuttings varies from entire mountainsides to sruall blocks of 20 to 40 acres, or strips a few hundred feet wide that run ir. parallel bands or wind with the contour on steeper land. After clearcutlin9, a ne .. for1:st must be established. Nature will generally do this by seedlings or seeds left on the forest floor or from sprouts growing Croni cut stems. Humans can change this by planting sceolings of the tree species thal lhey desire. After a few yl'ars, the clearcut area grows up thickly with thousands of seeolings and sprouts and usually needs a cleanir.g to release the desired trees. This is usually done mechanically with tools, but can be done .. ith hArbicides th<at poi&on the unwanted sten.s. Fire can only be used after the trees gro..· larger, and some speci E.'s can wHhstand heat that will kill others. After 20 to 40 years a thinning cut lb made to harvest some pulpwood-sized trees while leaving the Detter trees for the final crop. The final crop of trees is harvested when rnat ure, usu.;lly 60 LO 80 years, and tt,en the cycle is repedted. Unever.-ac;ec! silviculturE: maintains a gra..ing forest o f all ages and size classes at all tines . Jt is much CJOre ~ifficl.ilt to practice and necessitates p1cfessic.nal i;k1lls t hat require a ful. 1rno.. Jedg<' of trc•t species , soils, ,,nd tt>eir intt-rrf\lationbhl.f•S. It also i-«qvire!- t he kno.. ledge to grade tree •1u.,) lly .>ml o htl J undcrstondi ny o! tla• fut tlCI' lire.ducts . al'l'l ic:.ltion o~ thu Silvi- noarkE·t~· Tl e cultural r.iethod is by ha rvesting , preferably for sale, bu~ sornt.ti1u~s as a non-commercial operatior. to improve a forest 1otand. Harvesting can be by the single tree selection method or by 9roup selection. The latter is more practical and often rl turns the highest product dividends . Jn sin9le tree selection, the !ore1oter marks individual trees that are mature, or trees of lower quolity thot ahould be removec for the im vr~ved growth of better quality trees. Removing these trees must be done very carefully to avoid damaging the trees to be left for future harvests . In group selection, an attempt is 111ade to harvest several trees fairly close together to open up a sizeable area , letting sunlight enter to give young trees a start . The area size depends on the nature of the timber , topography , and other facton,, and usually is not over an acre in size. Group selection makes harvestin9 easier. Thinning is a form of selective cutting and is applied when forest~ become too thick and tree growth slows down. "Thinning from above" means taking out the more mature trees and releasing the smaller ones . "Thinning from below" is taking out trees that have been suppressed or are of poor form and giving the larger and better quality trees less competition so they can maintain a high growth rate while adding on high quality wood . Selective cutting can be a coinbina tion of several of the above methods, the main purpose being to maintain a growing , viable forest of many species (especially in bardwoods), many age classes, and several size classes. Cutting cycles are usually 10 to lS years apart . In selective cutting , there is an opportunity to favor wildlife by leaving a certain number of den trees, dnd trees producing hard mast, like hickory and oak, even though their product value may be questionable. There is also an opportunity to favor aesthetics and recreational pursuits when selective cutting by JUciciously leaving unusual trees L~cause of size , species, or rarity . --Walton P. Smith �WALOEE FOREST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~ AMFOllESTDWBURS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. cont . from page 23 Walton looked up at the young poplars as if to check their yrowth and then turned awa~. "We recently had a little tornado in here," he said as we wound our way along the trail again, "and it blew down six white pine . l wasn't aol~ to get to them before, but we recently built a road in here, and now J can recover them. "A road is the first thing that a landowner needs to think about if he or she is considering forest management . There has to be access , no matter what kind of management practice one is going to undertake. Roadbuilding has got to be done right . Building the roads is wha t causes most of the erosion damage and tree damage associated with logging operations . "I can now get to over 80\ of this 150 acres for thinning and harvesting operations . This has cost me $4,000 over a period of 16 years . These are not gr aveled roads; they are woods roads with grassy banks . They have culverts and are not eroding . AlJ J have to do is go over them twice a year with a bush- hog mower . J don ' t think that represents unreasonable expense or maintenance . "Clearcutting on a larye scale requires a road built on 6 inches of rock and gravel to get in a cable rig and a tractor-t r ailer to haul the timber . That's why it cost the Forest Service one-half million dollars to put in a six mile road on the mountain above us . I couldn't get a tractorACORN ••• cont'd 61tOm p . 19 by steeping l oz. of the inner bark powder in l pint of water (dosage l ~sp. four times a day) is effective for diarrhea and dysentery . It can be used as a gargle for sore throat, or as an external wash for cuts and wounds and poison ivy, Jethro Kloss (Back To Eden) reports that the unleachc'd""acorn powder resist the venom of poisonous snakes and spiders. The decoction is also a good ingredient in ene.mas for colonic cleansing . In using t he food and medicine of the oak, let us always remember our trees with gifts - gifts of thanks trailer ng ir. on this roac!, but lhe <lifference is thcrt 1 log ,.jt h a ch., in saw and a wir.ch on I lie front. E111<l o!' /1 jeep. A Sl!lal l ldnclowner is workiny on an entirely different scale." As we continued our walk, Walto11 said, "We ' re goir.g by another s.Lc1nu of young fraser fir 1 'rr 9ro1dn9 for Christmas trees . I try lo h<tv., lt•..,Sf' areas clean·cl by h<1nd rather tl1<rn spraying then. witl• poisonous sprays . Jf I went simply by economics, it would pay to buy the chemicals ancl spray poison to keep the sptct.>ts d(,wn, but there ' s too niuch gooci Wdter up here to do 1.hcrt . I'd rathE:r spf:nd a tittle extra time ond effort a11a avoic the poisons . "l know of farms that have been passed down in the same family for generations . I ' d li~e to see forests treated like that as well. It takes SO and prayer for the spirit, the Creator behind the spirit and the knowlege to use these things wisely, gifts of cedar, sage or tobacco to nourish the body and spirit of the tree that nourishes us . In doing so, we may become like the oaks , the standing people, with our feet firmly planted in the Ear tr. Mother, our trunks strong and flexible in the fiercest of winds, our branches reaching for the heavens, accepting the light and warmth of the sun, turning it into food and medicin~ that our people may live . y~ars to g~I. ever) t loir g "'orlur y t l<;hl. We ' re jusl now <J"'ttin~ tlin<J& lO "'<a·k .r.Hjht bete . " Thundttt rut l• l fd i r. ti<· wi;st. Wal tor. qi.i cker1E'd tis E ...c< .. s 11E' ,. tc1 rl Eid up tie f i na J grc.ue towards the hOUSE'. "} f<ttt} thf-t(''li CJnt tlt~J ,y Wl' t'nVe to offer," le SblO tloughtfully. "\\e've wotkea 011 ll1J.!O vlace for 47 yc•s1·s now, anC: l ti ink we h .. ve dev ... lopi=C: a n•ociel tv show sornt principles lhat coUd be cc1rried out on a lary~t sc~le. "Quite .. (e-. ~ tudents <:<Jr.•e h•·re . l 91"e th .. r. tl1i~ sa~1e tour, and tl1ey ,;e• ti. is pl ii CE', ul\C: N1ny Of then Jl?dVC' with the &onoe c;,ut fecd1n9 that "" l.cive; that there ' s a .b~tttr way to 1.-.rnage lhis App.. lachian tinberland. " Lat.er , as we &ot i" the l.ouse Wdtchir.y the rain 1.>C•Und tl•e wirdows out~ide, Walton said, "Jf son•l'Ollt- ii. driviny by oro tt.e h\!,hwdy , Jookir9 al the forest, it odght look dense , dark und scart-y--full o~ bears and :maker; . Th~ edqe of tht forest is like a walled barrier that turns away mur•y people who aren ' t fc101Jli1>r -.i1.h thtforest. "But once one bn•oks throuyh tl:f: edge anC: 9ets in .. mong the trr•es, one· can see the forest. Jt can't be &een from the out.Eide . Jt becomt>s "n entirely different place con•pated to loow it appenred from the ldyhw.,y . lt's a place of beauty . A good 1.>lace to be--a qood place to live. ~ Necorded by D. W. ...~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~• ~a~0 ~\IIL~I 'Na~r~ T-SHIRTS Each origina l design hand screened in 5 colors on the finest 100% pre- shrunk cotton rl short and long sleeve t· shirts. Short Sleeve '10 PP · (.S&P CiVF<)c', l'f, o., ~(I s14 ,..pc1. CNAlf9£ ,.,. J Ong slPeve indudes howlc feothers /beorpow~) long Sleeve Nome Address Blocli 8eor 0 Silver 0 Ton 0 Wh'te u::::=;;:;;::;~:::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1 Phone Mostercord Viso tt Red-foiled Howle 0 Ecru Q Silver CJ Ton ""'" ' •: AqeA...,., N101nl• Ex-p--d ,,,e -- - .,- . :-- 1 Shor1 Q long Q S·M· l ·Xl 1 ~?,~,!!~d W•r•.,.ill•. llC28lRS or write for brochure ·~ ·-~· ,, KATUAfl - page 24 MALAPROP'S BOOKSTORE/CAFE BOOKS - CARDS - RECORDS 6 1 HAYwooO ST. ASHElllU.E. N C. 28801 704-2!14-S734 Fall 1985 . �. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . WlAMOOESTDWrUIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . I ' ' A CHILDREN'S PAGE Compiled by Karen Paquette KATUAH KIDS TALK ABOUT THEIR FAVORITE TREES l Erin, age 7: The Black Walnuts in my yard are mine I like to climb them. Once I climbed one and wouldn' t come down - I ate my dinner up there until the bugs bit me too badly. I felt safe up there it was like my mother. Shane, age 11: , I like the big poplars on Standing Indian and I would like to visit the Redwoods . They both have a lot of history behind them. Today some varieties of trees are dying out because of acid rain and bugs like weevils. Some people in the world are not fortunate to have trees , like in the African deserts and the Sudan region. We need to share our knowledge of tree culture as well as appreciate our own trees mor e and take care of them Drawing by Savannah Shinnah, age 7: I like the Weeping Willow tree because I like the way it leans over with its branches and I like the name it tells what this tree is like . It makes me feel good to look at it. It likes to grow near water so its roots can grow down into the ground and get water from the creek . It only cries in winter because it doesn ' t get much sun and it smiles in the summer time . In Haiti they ruined all the trees and it became a desert. Everyone in the world must learn to conserve trees and plant more like on t ree farms . Clearcutting is not right if we don ' t have trees we will have problems . Trees provide shelter for birds and animals and prevent erosion . Emily, age 3: I like trees because they are pretty . 1 also like apple trees because they have food on them. Apples have lots of vitamin C in thero, they make me happy. Jason, age 8: There used to be a lot of American Chestnuts but they got the Chestnut blight. I see them lying down in the woods and I miss them . We still have the Chinese Chestnuts though, only they are different Trees are good for people. They give us firewood , boards , paper and food . We ' ve got to save trees ~chuh ; KATCAH - Fall 1985 page :?5 ~- ~aaq - llhJ IAA �.. ----111!1--------~----.--- Wl-fOllQTDWW.OIS ____________________.. 11 '~~~~~~11rr~1~t 1.~;~~i111~11:1l\~1·~~~~~~:!~:;~~~:i:~1~ ~,~~~~~~~~~~;~~~ 1 I j·\\h•I lj I'l I which i..tJt.uck me a.& be-Uig the. co.Ue.ct.i..ve vo.lc.e 06 all. thohe. de.ad and dy.lng 6-iM j~ and pi.nu , i.1Wt-g11.e.y wUh an anc.ie.nt I mObb g11.owing 611.0m thW. bkel.e.ta.l 11.ema..i.n.6 I like. a be.a1t.d would g.11.0W 611.0m the. clun 06 a 111C1n only Hcond.6 dead ... And w.Uh .the. V1 aLUUte.nub 06 the. ' p11.uence' alt.o came a 'voice'-- a 6e.e..t.lng- which bpoke. .to me w.Uh i.u.ch an au.11.a 06 c.a.lm and w<.bdom continued from page 3 that goobebu.mpA (wha.t .the old moun.ta..i.n 6olli .LJt .thue moun.ta..i.n4 had call.e.d and li.6 e.lub lln4 .the. land.6 c.a.pe. be.com.i.ng "glolt!J bu.mP6" a.& 1 lln4 gllOIAl(.ng u.p, a .tha.t OUll. CJJJVi..ob.(,ty bee.a.me., Ve.Juj quickly, boy . .. I JU1lt all. u.p o.n.d down my CZIU!l4, a.& mo11. 06 a 6e.el.i.ng 06 oveJr.Whe.lm.lng btlll.1 walke.d 611.om .the. p:WWtg lot up .the. pll.iA e. and conce.11.n a.& .the. •ha.iJILi.ne.' o 6 h.lU and .<.n.to what had once. be.en '.the. .the. 6Olte.6.t !00.6 not only '.th.lnn.lng ' , but, wood6 '. . • .LJt 6ac.t, 'bal.d.lng' a.& we. 11.eache.d .the. What .th.iA 'voice o 6 M.che..typa.t knoiulng ' .topl UXl.6 .te.U.lng me UXl.6: .that .the ex.tent 06 Reaching .the. bu.nmlt 06 .the moun.ta.i.lt, a.& .the deva.&.t.a..t.lon I UXl.6 He.i.ltg and 6eet.i.ltg we. .twtne.d .thoi.e la4.t couple. 06 be.nd.6 .LJt i.o deeply lln4, in 6ac.t, a v.iA.lble 'b.lgn' .the. 11.0ad, what !CXt6 tu«tU.lng tL.6 «n4 - and i..t.a..te.me.nt made by .the i.p(.JL(..t 06 .thue Jtathe.11. .than a .tlvume. -like. v.iA .to. IJ.lttLi,t.tll.eu 1 ~ be.e.lng a.& 'de.ad'. That .th.iA .lng .the. ll.e..ttLll.n 06 ' .the. god.6' -- a .6Ce.ne. baCJte.d and ve.11.y publi..c. place had be.en 06 de.va.6.t.a..t.lon only compaJt.D.ble. .LJt my choben by .the. bpi.JL(..t6 06 human, bea6t, m.i.11d .to .<.magu 06 NagMak.l and H.lll.oi.h.ll!ICl and vege..ta.t.lon, to lllClke. a bold bta.teme.n.t 1 had been in 6.llm6 and p(.c.twte booki. . to .thobe. human be..lngi. i..t.Ul ~ng He.11.e. on .th.U powe11.6ul and baClte.d mouna.11.Dund .LJt .thobe. holUlU .the.y ca.Ue.d .to..i.n we. we.11.e. being g11.e.e..te.d by an a11.my 'bod.lei.'. That .t.lte dev.uta.t.lon 06 .th.iA 06 g11.e.y-ghob.te.d boul4 06 a d.iAembod.le.d 9e.og11aph.i.c landmo.11.k v.lb.Ued by .tholUland.6 '11ace.' ... TholUland.6 06 de.ad .tll.e.u! "The. 06 toUll..iA.t.6 and na.t.lvu each yeJVr., lln4 Cltown 06 CJtea.t.lon", I .thought bMCa.&.tall.owed a.& a b.i.gnboall.d, a.& a tlWUl.i.ng, o 6 .i.call.y .to mYJ>el.6. "So .thiA .iA .the. gi6.t .the. be.ve.11..ittj 06 .the. .imbalancu .that ex06 'WJ.jutJ.1' bu.towed upon .the. g11.e.a.t .l6.te.d .LJt .the. na..twi.a.t woltld a..t .the. ltandi. 'k.lngb' 06 .the na.twt.a..t kingdom! How .the 06, a.& a 11.uuU 06, .the. bhoJLt-i..lgh.te.d EaJLth be.kn.i.g h.t6 heA 'IUVIJl.ioll.6', .thob e .th.i.ltk.lng and VXJ.Yb o 6 .thob c now living .that Stave 4tlltv.i.ve.d and Jt..i.6e.11, .i.n pl!..lde. o6 accompU&hme.nt, .to buch g11.e.a.t 'he..lgh.t.6' ! " on .the. eall..th. So cle.M !00.6 th.iA mu Mg e. 1 !CXt6 11.e.ce..lv.i.ltg .tha.t U al.mob.t A6 my .11.ational m.i.nd .took ove.11. 611.om my We.11.all.y began .to .to.Ile. on both vo.i.ce. emo.t.lo ~ , .tll.y.i.ltg to .<.n.te.Ue.c.tuaU.z e. .the and language. a6 1 11.eache.d .the. .top 06 pou.lble. c.a..u.6e.(b I, .tlte. 1tea6on6 'why' , .the. mountain and a be.cl.u.de.d .lUtt.e 6011. ~ 'gho4.tltj clea11.Cut', .th.iA 'unclea.IL(.ng whe.11.e. T .&t.te.nde.cl to do a na..twi.al' d.iAa.&.te.11., me.mo.IL(.u 06 bto.IL(.u i..<.mple. Uttle. ce.11.e.mony 06 .thankJ>g.i.vand newh-11.epoll.U I'd heall.d, about how .i.ltg: .the. 'acid IUlht' UXl.6 beg.i.lt~ .to .to.ke. "The. i..lgn6 he.11.e. been by a.U U4 .to.fl. on .the. .tlt.e.u .i.n .the. h.lghe.11. wU.l i.how .thobe. cuJL(.olJJl people 06 el.e.va.ti.on.6, c.a.me. .to m.i.nd. And iulthout bc.ie.nce. .the. widup11.e.ad e.v.ldence. 06 any o.thvr. known pobb.lb.lUt.lu a6 1te.Mon6 , .the. e.x.te.nt o 6 .thw own du .tJt.uc.ta6 c.a..u.6e, 6011. all. .th.iA 6011.u.t laid to .lon. 06 .the. compounded nc. lui.e 06 l\n4.te., the. I Jta..in I e.a4il.lj and qui.ckty 1 1 ~ ~ 1 I ' I I liQJIC ,, KA n'AB - page 26 I I S I 1 1 JIUl.t a.& poW.y .u, the he.al.Utg a.&pec.t 06 language, i.o .iA .U .<.mpoJLtan.t people. took to .the.ut bod.lei. and m.i.nd.6 wUh 11.egall.d .to he.alih and 1 be..ing. To 6oCIUl .thW. pe.11.6onal and co.Ue~ve goal.6 on the. qu.a..Uty and longe.v.Uy 06 eu'.4.te.nce, and the.ut o.IL(.ginal an~ na..tWl.al b.lll..th.IL(.gh.t, be.yond death. It .iA he.11.e., .ln .thue WOJJ4, .that .the heaUng a.&pec.t6 06 '.the Cltea.t.lve' i.e.11.ve .to .ln6u.11.e. you.11. H11.6e. 06 pe.11.6e.ct.i..on, .thll.Ough tonge.v.Uy, o.11d .the con.t.i.ltua.Uon o 6 an a66.i.ltm.Utg and v.ltal 6u.twt.e.! The. jou.11.ne.y 06 hwnank.lnd a11.ound .the baCJte.d c.iltcle. 06 U.6e. w<.U b.IL(.ng a.U, 6.lnall.y, .ln.to .the. 6M.u.t o 6 .the. 11.eg.lon 06 un.lve.11.6al. con6c.io1Ul· nub and awa11.enu.6. A place whe.11.e. .the b.lg .tll.e.u gll.Ow. The hiding placu 06 .the unknown, and .the 'be.yond'. What one. dou he.11.e. among.6.t '.the. o.11c.ient onu' depend6 upon what one. ha.& done t\IUh idte.11.e one. ha.6 been be.60.lte.. How one ha.6 bu..i.U and completed tlte 'g11.oundwo11.k', .the. wo11.k iulth 'boil' , in .the. pllev-i.olUl expe.JL(.encu 06 one' .6 'joU11.ne.y'. He.11.e. among the old .tll.eu , one bll..lngb one.' b IUIWl.e.nub o 6 who one. .l6 .i.ltto JL(.gh.t .'leta.t.lon6h.lp 1 \IUh the. un.i.ve.11.6al bcale. 06 .the bp.lll.(.,tua.l-ph116.<.cal rnall./L(.age bha1te.d .lnhe.11.e.ii.tf.tJ -<.n .the. concept 06 .the. God-11.e.al.lze.d One.nub among all .th.lngi.! lri bO do.i.ng one. comu 6u.U-c.lll.c1e. .to one' b .tJt.ue beg.ltuU.ngi., and .iA 'Home.' . GODack now, and .te.U th.iA to all. IJOU know... " Th.iA th e.n, .iA what 1 have. be.en . Th.iA 1 ha~e. been -told. To i.hall.e. w.Uh IJOU., a.U, whom 1 know. Th-IA mui.age. 611.0m .the. vo.lce. 06 .the 'acid Jta.i.n' ••. - - -Thoma6 Rain CMwe. Fall 1985 �................................................Wl""'"*"DWILLllll................................................ Milw~ukee • C,leveltm::l continued from page J thac thc1 causes of tree dicback h.src in K atuah as wc1ll as in thc northc1rn Appalachians and the Black Forest of Wast C.sn:iany (where JO of all tr•n ra ~ardlc1Ss of elevation are dying)can be attributed to two general claa$i ficatioos of anthropogenic(human-madc) pollution: acid rain and at1D03phcric dc1position. Acid rain is arbitrarily defin.sd as any precipitation having a Ph lass than S.6 (7 i s n.sutral), since this is thc1 Ph wh.sra atmoshperic C02 combines with water in the air to form a dilute solution of carbonic a cid . Human mad.s sources o f acid substances are a r~ult o f t he living standard of highly industrialized countries. 'Ibey include auto exhaust, industrial c<mmissions from s~lters and fossil fuc1l c1adssions from c1lcctrica l gc1narating plants. Some of the acidic compounds arc sulfur dioxide (S02) , nitrous oxides (HN03) , hydrogc1n chloridc1, and hydrogen fluoride. 1besc1 compounds arc rc1laased into the atmosphc1ra and are widely disP•rsed by continental air fl<M. According to Or. Bruck and others, the mountai •. foraats of Katliah , acting like giant "scrubbers " , c harly racc1ivc very high ratci.s of acidic deposit ion. 'Ibis is largely due to t he geographic c1ffect of increasing ratll!I of p rc1cipitatioo as air masses are forcc1d to go up aud over high mountains. fin additional source of acidic deposition is simply cloud water interception by trees, as the tops of the mountains are often bathed in clouds passing by . Studies of these clouds and precipitation rates in the northern Appalachians show chat mow1tain tops receive four times more acidic deposition than lower elevations. 11l•r• a r e many effc1cts of acid rain on treclS and the soil in which they livc1. 8v overwhclminr th• natural soil Ph balance and causing a more acid soil, aluminum, a metal which is toxic to trees, is released and mad¥ available for uptake by trc1e roots. Atmospheric deposition can be defined as the combined anthropogenic (human-caused) pollutants falling back on Mother Earth. It is composed of assorted noxious effluvia includin~ ozone, heavy metals such as lead (from gasoline combustion and lead arsenate pesticides) , coppcr from smcllters and nitrogen compounds. According to those study in~ the dlehacks , there i s not enough data to c learly point fingers and say that a particular pollutant coming from a 1'..a rti cular source l s caus in~ apec l K.Arl:AH - page :'.!7 fie damage to tra•a in Katiiah. It is Or. 8ruck's contention that there may be a "stress syndrome" whereby various combinatioos of these toxic substances may be causing t he diaback . Experlmentall~ in the lab Or . Bruck has studied the affects of acid run from nitrogen and sulfur sources. He has discovered severe suppression of the symbiotic fungi known as mycorrhizae which help the trees' roots derive nutrition from tha soil . Bruck believes that the suppression of mycorrhizae (up to 50%) has led to severe supprassioo of tree root growth which may be causi.n g th• retarded growth obs erved in the trae ring borings. Alandog as these reductions appear to be, the question still remains: Is it reducad ring growth that is causing the trees to die? Exploring f urthar under the soil mantle where the treas' roots are bound inseparably with the lifegi ving mycorrhizae Bruck has found an extre~ly high accumulation of lead, particularly on slopes which face into the predoadnaot winds. Levels of lead ara three to seven times higher on top of Ht. Mitchell than in urban Asheville soil. Studies revd&l that there is alraady as much as two grams or 1DOre of lead per square met- Sources of Sulfur Dioxide (SOJ ~nd Nitrogen Oxides (NO,) In North Caroli~ so, 620,000 Ions/yr. - Ublot• WIND ROSE for Asheville, NC er in the forest soils at high elevatiooa ! Most studics on the toxicity of lead have focused an human beings, h<Mevar some studies have bean performed on microorganisms and planta. These studies clearly indicate direct metabolic effects in all life fora111. These studies also shOW-a marked reduction in species diversity of adcroorganisma in the soil and on leaf surfaces . When lead and acidity (under Ph 5) vars combined in ooa study, a profound effect oo the mobilization and utilization of lead was noticed. Certain species of mycorrhizae ware inhibited in soils that ware acid and contained lead while those same sp•cias of lll)'corrhizae ware present in a lass acidic soil with lead. Like the canaries used by miners to warn of impending danger our treas are a kind of environmental litmus. lbat litmus is giving an acidic reading threatening life as we know it. The. e.nv.ili.onme.n.ta.l co114e.que.nct.6 oG tong .teMI col!4wnption and ~.te. aJLt combtg home.. Whil.e. the. 1>~.t4 plod c.au,Uo1J.1;.t.y .in mowita.01 cemeteJt.tu 1>t11J1.Ch.ing 60.11. 1>pec..i.6.ic knowledge o& .the. IUU.t11. m.i.l>.t, we. 46 ch.i.J.dlte.n o 6 Motht11. Ellll.th mlJ.4.t l>eaAch de.tpllJ wltkin 60.11. a "p.Ur,Uua..t. d.U:tg no1>.l6 46 we.U. T.11.e.u M.e. OU.It gucw.Li.all4 and OWi. .te.acheJt.6, .theq g~ve com6oll-t and wl.6e. cou111>ei and .the.y aJLe. ca.lUng out .to each 06 IJ.4 NOW 6.11.0m de.adt.IJ 1>IV1.Du.d4 06 m.i.l>.t. We. can no tongtll. ign0.11.e .tlte. de.g1U1.d.Utg e.66e.ct 06 oWt 14UIJI> o 6 Uv.ing. OU.It Uvu 111tt bound i..n.6e.pa11.abty .to .the. .tli.e.u. 1n .th.U. c1.c1> e.d. e.cotog.ic.al. 1>y1>.tem we. Uve. .in, the..<A du.tJW.ct.i.on .inl>Wtu oWt du.tJwcwn. Tl1e. 1>e.aJtch 6011. knowt.e.dge. and a ".te.cltnotog.ic.al. 6.i.x" w.Ul ne.vt11. .11.e.place. 1te." pe.ct a.t. we. .intt11.t1ct w.i..th Moth eJt Ellll.th. by Michael Red ~ Fall 198) ~ >:)J.·F. - ~ 1,~ �. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MA~fOIOUTDWEUEllS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 26 BLACK MOUNTAIN, NC Patrick Ball (Celtic harp) McDibbs 12 Cherry St. 12 ASHEVILLE, NC Asheville Ethnic Festival Montford Park Call (704) 253-3714 28 I CULLOWHEE, NC Mountain Heritage Day (traditional music, country dancing, crafts, exhibits, tobacco spitting) Western Carolina University 12 UUFF MOUNTAIN SEPTEMBER A REGIONAL EXHIBIT PRODUCED BY THE MEMBERS OF 111E APPALACHIAN CONSORTIUM MUSEUM COOPEBATIVE Opening night: September 12 Talk by Wilma Dykeman Founders ' Auditorium, 7:00 pm Public showing: September 13 - Januar y 23 Western Carolina University 13 13-15 TOCCOA, GA Earth Stewardship Seminar Christian perspectives on ecology. $95 Elevent h Colllllandment Fellowship 540 Oakland Ave. SE Atlanta , GA 30312 14 October - November CHEROKEE, NC " Cherokee Sculptor" - Carl Lloyd Owle Center of Cherokee Heritage 20-22 BLACK l()UNTAIN, NC Black Mountain Pall Festival (traditional music) Grey Eagle and Friends Call (704) 669-2456 21 Fall Equinox ~- ·"-'TUAll - page 28 CHEROKEE, 1~C Cherokee Indian Fall Festival (Indian dancing, stickball, chestnut bread, crafts , exhibits) Ceremonial Grounds 2 WILLIS, VA " Native American Teachings" AmyLee, Iroquois teacher and apprentice medicine woman Indian Valley Holistic Center Rt. 2, Box 58; Willis, VA Willis, VA 24380 4-8 ASHEVILLE, NC " Rel ping Women Win : A Candidate Training School for Women" - League of Women Voters Call (704) 258- 8223 5 BONAS DEFEAT GORGE (Jackson County) Day hike with NC Nature Conservancy. $5. 00 Ann Mciver 130 Carr St. Chapel Rill, NC 27514 MOSHEIM, TN First Annual Organic Harvesters ' Festival Call (615) 422-7769 20-22 CLAYTON, GA NATURE'S DOLLAR WORKSHOP: A look at the real price of . . .• forest, soil, watershed & wildlife management, land use, pollution, etc . •• translating these key mountain issues into the language of nature's dollar. "Comparing human accounting with nature's accounting, the monetary dol lar is an incomplete and unrealistic measur e of the value of things." Friends of the Mountains Rt.2, Box 2306-A Clayton, GA 30525 (404) 782-2657 Asheville, NC CropWalk against hunger Call Sally Bridenstine, (704) 254- 5072 13 DEEP CREEK Swain Co. , NC Katuah Fall Gathering See notice next page 14 BEAR HUNTING SEASON OPEijS Beat the bushes ! warn Yona of the danger OCTOBER 1-5 "In exam.ln.<.ng .the meanlng~ 06 .the 6oJl£4t, we JLeaUze .tha.t. .the Appa.ta.c.h.la.n 601Lut .iA not jUJ.t a. na.twta.l .to.ndl>ca.pe, ,U .iA a. cuUwu:il ta.nd.6c.a.pe. • • • • In .6.tli.dy.Uig .the 6oJLUt, we .f.ea.ltn a.bou.t oWtcS e.lvu . . . • . " (Avery County) Day Rike $5. 00 NC Nature Conservancy See 10/5 5-6 BRASSTOWN, NC 12th Annual Fall Festival (Craft s fair, performances) John C. Campbell Folk School Rt. l Brasstown , NC 28902 Call (704) 837-2775 . .. a: ·~· 18-20 Willis, VA " Our Stories - Ourselves Louise Kessler, storyteller Indian Valley Holistic C'tr. Pre-register. See 10/2 19 ROAN MOUNTAIN (Mi:tchell County) Fall color hike. $5 . 00 NC Nature Conservancy See 10/5 19 BANNER ELK, NC Banner Elk Wooly Worm Festival 21 GREAT SMOKY MOUNTAINS " Forests and Trees of the Smokies" - field school Non-Credit Prograns 2016 Lake Ave. Knoxville, TN 37996 11-13 BRASSTOWN, NC. Fall Craft Weekend (workshops) also Chamber Music Houseparty John C. Campbell Folk School See 10/5-6 12 SPRUCE PINE , NC 8th Annual Art Auction (includes tour of craftspeoples ' studios in Celo area) Toe River Ar ts Council Call (704) 682-7215 12 ASHEVILLE , NC Visit of delegation of Soviet women - sponsored by Peace Links Call (704) 258-8223 ••• ~· 17-20 Highlands, NC . • Fall Landscape Workshop (photographic exploration of Highlands area) Tuition $100 Highlands Biological Station P.O. Drawer 580 Highlands , NC 28741 25-27 BRASSTOWN, NC Fall Dance Weekend (workshops in English country dance including Garland and Northwest Morris, also contra and square dancing) John C. Campbell Folk School See 10/5-6 26-27 GRF.AT SMOKY MOUNTAINS Mt . Leconte overnight hike See 9/21 31 Samhain Celebration �. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .WlAMrollESTDWBUM. . . . . . . . . .1111111. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . NOVEMBER BRASSTOWN, NC 60th Anniversary Party of the Campbell Folk School See l0/5-6 2 "SWORN TO FUN" 9-lO WILUS, VA Massage Workshop Libby Outlaw Indian Valley Holistic Center . Pr e-register. See 10/2 16-17 GREAT SMOKY MOUNTAINS Winter Highcountry Camping See 9/21 s,~..alJll {j De~ .J>luxk .J>(a.<. 1111· ~·1.(i 6 P<1fartr_11 Bal<v1<"1•· • C...rfi..·d 'M:«j Dr'VujJl Sol.·~ 255-TQ~ t/.2~15.li Special thanks to Judith Hallock Nov . 2-3 ASHEVILLE, NC "Learning to Focus on Life" - seminar Dr. Scout Lee , part Seminole Indian, author, therapis t, professor, lecturer, comedian, mystic visionary, and master game player Offering experiences to develop creativity, courage, power, love, and fun Pre-register: Cat Gilliam 16 Lookout Dr . Asheville, NC 28804 (704) 254-8140 3-16 9 BRASSTOWN, NC Fall Craft and Rome Week (Blacksmithing, tool sharpening, weaving, quilting, ax handles, wind energy turbine construction) John C Campbell Polk School See 10/5-6 Georgia Organic Growers ' Association Fall Conference For information, contact: Deborah Pelham 1185 Bend Cr eek Trail Suwanee, GA 30174 l \\. BURLESO N November I 3 October 4 6 Meditation in Action - K.'""'' A YO!!<' Weekend, With the Southern Dh,,rm., St~rr II 14 18 23 2S 27 A lfiking Meditation Wnkend foll Color l>oscm.oery. With JOHN ORR An Intens ive Meditation Re trea t With JACQUELINE S. MANDELL Yoga in the Iyengar Tntdillon W11h ULLAH SCHWARTZ @ 8 . 10 15 17 22 24 Joy and laughter · Finding Your Inner Child - With HARRIET ELDER A Weekend of Tibetan Buddhist Meditation - With JON BARBIERI A New View of Ancient Astro logy With HARRIET M1LLER Neuro·Lin.guistic Programming - With MIKE BUCKNER Dec. 28 · A New Year's Meditation Intensive Jan. 4 With JOHN ORR Southern Dharrna Retreat Center is located in a remote area of the Smoky Mountains near Asheville, North Carolina. For further information about Southern Dharrnaorabout any of the programsabove,call(704)622 7112,or 254·1351. or wnte; SOUTHERN DHARMA RETREAT CENTER Rt . I, Box 34-H Hot Sprmgs, NC 28743 ~ &Co. ~ ~~ . . . --<-._ ~ he rbs, native plants, perennials, flowers, fruit trees, bulbs, bedding plants. 80 lake&ide Drive 8/ IOths of a mile from Hardee'• in Franklin, N.C. for informatio n call 524-3321 SOLAR HOUSE WITH C~USE area near Franklin. Passive solar w ith cedar siding and tria, win· dow quilts, tromb wall. $68,500, negotiable financing. Call 524-3321 during business hours. Fall 1985 !i - ~ �NICARAGUAN COFFEE. Delicious,roasted coffee beans or ground coffee available for $6.00 a pound. Contact: Steve Livingston (704) 257-3019 LEGAL ENVIRONMENTAL ASSISTANCE FOUNDATION (LEAF) is a public interest law firm which works with the public,private and governmental sectors to promote a quality environment. More info: LEAF, 602 Gay St. Suite 507,Knoxville, TN 37902 VOLUNTEERS NEEDED at the Laurentine Shelter for the homeless to stay for either the evening or overnight. Ic Asheville,NC. Call Carol Lathuras: (704) 252-2752 APPALACHIAN PEACE EDUCATION CENTER (APEC) publishes APEC News, an informative peace newsletter for the southern VA area. More info: APEC, 114 Court St., Abingdon, VA 24210 GREENPEACE has established the Rainbow Warrior Emergency Fund to provide funds for the care of the children of the crewman who got killed when their flagship was bombed in July and to get the ship, the Rainbow Warrior, seaworthy again. GREENPEACE, 1611 Connecticut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20009 MADISON COUNTY PLOWSHARES PEACE GROUP has postcards of their "Windows on the World" Friendship Quilt available for $3.00 a dozen, ppd. Contact: Karol Kavaya, 25 Back Branch, Marshall, NC 28753 SELF-HELP CREDIT UNION has now opened a branch office in Western North Carolina through the State Employees Credit Union system. For more info: Write: S.B.C.U., P.O.Box 3259 , Durham, NC 27705. Or go by: State Employees Credit Onion, 200 All Souls Crescent, Asheville, NC/telephone: (704) 274-4200. SEAT WEAVING. Caning, rush, split seats. Also classes available. Call: (704) 253-6241 ONGOING SESSIONS in Raja Yoga for beginning and continuing students. Pre-registration required. Raja Yoga Ashram, 272 Patton Cove Rd, Swannan oa, NC 28778. (704) 686-3037 S.T.A.R., Space Technology And Research Foundation, is a non-profit, tax-exempt organization which uses monies to advance all aspects of parasensory phenomena and psi research. For contributions or subscription to bi-monthly newsletter: S.T.A.R. Fdtn, 448 Rabbit Skin Rd , Waynesville, NC 28786 RURAL SOUTHERN VOICE for PEACE (R.S.V.P.) is a network of people in rural/small city communities in the Southeast who are working to build the nonviolent alternative systems and lifestyles that can bri ng peac e to our world. Publishes RSVP Newsletter. More info: RSVP, Rt 5 Box 335, Burnsville, NC 28714 SO~H A VARIETY OF WHOLESOME BAKED COODS 704 293·5912 tiWV. 107 RT. 68 BOX 125 CULLOWHEE, NC 28723 ~Sl 1 - '...-"°"Bl RD : cttd.. , £ rcd""ood ·""' rR gn~"~!~ WHOLISTIC HEALING SEMINARS in Barbados. For more info: Rita Li vingston, % Loving, 1424 South Palm Way, Lake Worth, FL 33460. (305) 582-7902 PRE '68 DELUXE SUNROOF VW MICRO BUS Wanted. With good body; Not running, O.K. Contact: We8go, 216 Botany Rd, Greenville, SC 29615. (803) 244-4786. WRITERS WORKSHOP. Classes in poetry, science fiction, technical writing,etc. At "ls Wall St. Room 18, Asheville, NC 28801. (704) 669-5471 WEBWORK1NG is free. Send submissions to: Katua h P .O.Box 873 Cullowhee, NC 28723 PROOUCTS WATER ANAlYSIS RANDALL C LANIER c"';lom ""ood I N 17th YEAR OF PUBLICATION, Akwesasne Notes is a Journal for Native and Natural Peoples, covering world events which effect indigenous peoples. For subscriptions or tax-deductibl e contributions: AKWESASNE NOTES, P.O.Box 196, Mohawk Nation, Rooseveltown, NY 13683-0196. 1 I We. now ---+-I BU ll::DING & NATURAL FOOD STORE & DELI r- REM OD ELIN G ~liH:::E:~r- -- · residentia l commercia l h4ve. e.ue.n.s.ive. montht.lj ~pec.ia.l.6, c.ui.th 4 cU6 6e1tent: SUPER SPECIAL EACH WEEK 160 Broadway Asheville, N.C. 28801 (704) 253-7656 Where Broadway Meets Merrimon .\nd 1·240 Open 7 Days A Week Monday · Friday 9:00 a.m. · 8:00 p.m. Saturday 9:00 a .m. · 6:30 p.m. Sunday 1:00 p.m. - 5:00 p.m . �GET BACK! ISSUES OF KATUAH ISSUE ONE -AUTUMN 1983 ISSUE FIVE - FALL 1984 Scotch-Irish Migratiof-lfit::? Meditations: Kat-·<-· 1(5"\~\J ~ Al+-~- ~ n ~tnl.CS • Old Ti \.?,. .tfioregioris • Chicken Wi.c: uam • Poetry: George Ellison Harvest • Old Ways In Cherokee • Ginseng • Nuclear Waste • Our Celtic Heritage • Bioregionalism Past, Present, And Future • John Wilnoty • Healing Darkness • Politics Of Participation ®\Q.I @ ISSUE TWO - WINTER 1983-84 ISSUE SIX - WINTER 1984-85 Yona • Bear Hunters • Pigeon River • Another Way With Animals • Alma: Poems • Becoming Politically Effective • Mountain Woodlands • Katuah Under The Drill • Spiritual Warriors Winter Solstice Earth ceremony • Horsepasture River • Coming of Light • Log Cabin Roots • Mountain Agriculture-The Right Crop• William Taylor • Forest's Future ISSUE THREE - SPRING 1984 ISSUE SEVEN - SPRING 1985 Sl.lstainable Agriculture • sunflower_, • Human Impact On The Forest • Childrens' Education • Veronica Nicholas: Woman In Politics • Little People • M d icine Allies e Springs • Worker ownership • The Great Economy • Self Help Credit Union • Wild Turkey • Responsible Investing• Working In The Web Of Life ISSUE FOUR - SUMMER 1984 ISS UE E I GHT - SUMMER 1985 Water Orum • Water Quality • Kudzu • Solar Eclipse • Clearcutting • Trout • Going To Water•Ram Pumps • Micro hydro • Poems : Bennie Lee Sinclair, Jim Wayne Miller Ce lebration: A Way of Life • Katuah 18,000 Years Ago• Sacred Sites• Folk Arts in the Schools Sun Cycle/Moon Cycle • Hilda Downer • Cherokee Heritage Cen ter • Who Owns Appalachia? KATUAH: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians B0x 873i Cullowhee, North Carolina 28723 For more info: call Marnie Muller (704) 252-9167 Name Regu l ar M embership •.. • • $10/yr. Spon sor .•..•.•.••• • • • •• $20/yr. Cont r i b u tor ••••• • • • •.•. $50/yr . Address Enclo4ed ~~i4 C1 ty State Area Code KATUAli - Phone Number page 31 i r sustainable Economics • Hot Zi p i4 , t66o ~~ $ to give 4n e~t~a boo4t I can be a l ocal con t a ct person for my area f I I I i ORDER FORM Back Issues Issue 2 Issue 3 Issue 4 Issue 5 Issue 6 Issue 7 ISSUE 8 @ $2.06 @ $2.00 @ $2 . 00 @ $2.00 @ $2.00 @ $2.00 @ $2.00 TOTAL PRICE postage paid $ $ $-$ $ $ $= $ � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians Records Description An account of the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, later simplified to Katúah Journal, was published from 1983 to 1993. A quarterly publication, it was focused on the bioregion of former Cherokee land in Appalachia. The early issues of the journal explain the meaning of the Cherokee name, Katúah, and why the editors wanted to view the world through a bioregional lens, rather than political boundaries. A volunteer production, the editors took a holistic view in tackling social, environmental, mental, spiritual, and emotional topics of the day, many of which are still relevant.  The Katúah Journal was co-founded by Marnie Muller, David Wheeler, Thomas Rain Crowe, Martha Tree and others who served as co-publishers and co-editors. Other key team members included Chip Smith, David Reed, Jay Mackey, Rob Messick and many others. This digital collection is only a portion of the Katúah-related materials in the W.L. Eury Appalachian Collection in Special Collections at Appalachian State University. The items in AC.870 Katúah Journal records cover the production history of the Katúah Journal. Contained within the records are correspondence, publication information, article submissions, and financial information. The editorial layouts for issues 12 through 39 are included as are a full run of the Journal spanning nearly a decade. Also included are photographs of events related to the Journal and a film on the publication. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived This resource is part of the Katúah Journal Records collection. For a description of the entire collection, see <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/937" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Katúah Journal Records (AC. 870)</a>. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The images and information in this collection are protected by the Copyright Law of the United States (Title 17, U. S. C.) and are intended only for personal, non-commercial, and educational purposes, provided proper citation is used – i.e., Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians Records, 1980-2013 (AC.870), W. L. Eury Appalachian Collection, Special Collections, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC. Researchers are responsible for securing permissions from the copyright holder for any reproduction, publication, or commercial use of these materials. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1983-1993 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource journals (periodicals) Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, Issue 9, Fall 1985 Description An account of the resource The ninth issue of the Katúah Journal focuses on topics such as nuclear energy, pollution and the forests, and other challenges with trees. Authors and artists in this issue include: H. M. Spottswood, Michael Red Fox, Brian Caldwell, Gus Hadorn, Walton B. Smith, David Wheeler, and Thomas Rain Crowe. Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, later simplified to Katúah Journal, was published from 1983 to 1993. A quarterly publication, it was focused on the bioregion of former Cherokee land in Appalachia. The early issues of the journal explain the meaning of the Cherokee name, Katúah, and why the editors wanted to view the world through a bioregional lens, rather than political boundaries. A volunteer production, the editors took a holistic view in tackling social, environmental, mental, spiritual, and emotional topics of the day, many of which are still relevant. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1985 Table Of Contents A list of subunits of the resource. The Waldee Forest.......1 The Trees Speak.......3 Migrating Forests.......4 "Hog Killing Saturday" - A Poem.......6 Horse Logging.......7 The Nuclear Suppository: We're Not Going to Take It!.......8 Good Medicine.......10 Starting a Tree Crop.......11 Natural World News.......12 Urban Trees.......15 Acorn Bread.......19 Myth/Time.......20 The Children's Page.......27 Note: This table of contents corresponds to the original document, not the Document Viewer. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Sylva Herald Publishing Company, Sylva, North Carolina Subject The topic of the resource Bioregionalism--Appalachian Region, Southern Sustainable living--Appalachian Region, Southern Forest management--Appalachian Region, Southern Acid rain Paleoecology--Appalachian Region Trees in cities--North Carolina--Asheville Cooking (Acorns) Animals in logging--Appalachian Region North Carolina, Western Blue Ridge Mountains Appalachian Region, Southern North Carolina--Periodicals Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/937"> AC.870 Katúah Journal records</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a title="In Copyright – Educational Use Permitted" href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-EDU/1.0/?language=en 8" target="_blank"> In Copyright – Educational Use Permitted </a> Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Appalachian Region, Southern Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. <a title="Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians" href="https://omeka.library.appstate.edu/collections/show/79" target="_blank"> Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians </a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Journals (Periodicals) Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1980s Acid Deposition Agriculture Appalachian History Appalachian Mountains Appalachian Studies Black Bears Children's Page Folklore and Ceremony Forest History Forest Issues Forest Practice Good Medicine Habitat Katúah Permaculture Pigeon River Poems Radioactive Waste Reading Resources Turtle Island Water Quality Western North Carolina Alliance https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/39d9d512c1f257fe72c22bdc7c6a515e.pdf 6dc3d7ae52ba2691f94e33c1cdd16861 PDF Text Text ---4 AT.U AR PUBLISHED QUARTERLY ISSUE X WINTER 1985 -86 Healing/ Earthplace �MEDICINE TRADITIONS NEAR HOME . ... ... . .. . ... 1 KATE ROGERS AND HER MOUNTAIN MEDICALS . .. . 3 !"') N CIRCLES OF STONE . ... . .... .. . . . ... .. .. ... .. .. .. 4 ...... 00 N INTERNAL MYTHMAKING: AN INTERVIEW WITH MARLENE MOUNTAIN . . 6 (.) z ' ~ ~ Q :i:: " THIS IS HERESY!" HOLISTIC HEALING ON TRIAL. .. 9 TWO POEMS by STEVE KNAUTH . .. . .. .. .. ....... 10 CHEROKEE MYTH IC PLACES ..... .. . . ............ 11 THE UKTENA'S TALE . .. .. .. . . ....... .. .. .. . . . . .. 15 CRYSTAL MAGIC ...... . .. .. . ....... .. .. ..... .. . 19 GOOD MEDICINE: "WHAT MAKES A PLACE SACRED?" 20 REVIEW: DEEP ECOLOGY ...... .. .. ........ .. ... . . 21 NATURAL WORLD NEWS . . ...... . ... .. ... ... .. ... 22 "DREAMSPEAKING" ......... . . ... . .. .. ... .. ... ... 24 ., FALL KATUAH GATHERING . ........ . ..... .. ...... 27 f4 f4 ~ = ~ = 0 M M ::::> (.) !"') ...... 00 >< 0 al . 0 . p.. Ul . ~ 8} 0 ~ ... t; a u 0 U> Ul ti Q ~ �ISSUE X WINTER 1985 - 86 MEDICINE TRADITIONS NEAR HOME eaU.ng ..iA an Olf.ganic., e.ve1tp11.uent p11.oeu6--- :w..i~~not jU-6t 06 the. human body bu;t 06 ail .U6e. 60~ '°' 011 OWL plana . WouncUi, qu.i..te. m)JuJ.cu1.oU-6ly, he.al-- e.ve.n wouncUi in.6Uc.ted on OWL e.aJl:thplacu . The. Jt.oo.t 06 'he.al' and 'he.ali:h' ..iA 'whole.'. To he.al lite.ILD.ll.y me.an.\ '.to ~ke. whole. 011. Liound' . Whole.null comu not jU-6t 611.0m phyLi.i..cal well-bung bu.t 611.0m the. w.i..de.11. Li.ta.te. 06 one' ll be.in.g---one. '" Liell6e. 06 .tlw.e, .i..Me.11. LipiJr.,Uu.a.1. balance. an~ 06 Motednuli. lloote.dnMli comu 6AOm a Lie.Me. 06 conne.ctlon- -.to place. and to corrrnun,.Uy. So the. w.i..de.11. c..bt.cle. 11.ee.cUi to be. gJt.Ow.lng .tollXIJl.<U whole.nuli a.6 well a.6 the. in.d.i..v.i..dutd.. Wlwle.nuli o 6 'place.' ..iA v.Ual .to .in.d.i..v.i..dutd. he.ali:h. Th~ q~y 06 a..i.11., the qua!Uy 06 tOO.te.11., .the. quatuy 06 Lio.i..l ~IJ e.66e.ct the. weU-be.in.g 06 ail the. in.habaan.th 06 tha.t place. Whole.nuli alho comu 6Jt.Om a Lie.Me 06 licale.---a Lie.Me. 06 JU.ght 1te.la.t.i.on to the. 'ou.t.6.i.de.' 6am.i..l1J 611..i.e.ncUi, ~ce, all owr. 11.e.la.t.i.ollh. Not llo laJt.ge. tha.t one. ' cannot phyl>A..Callyr0 e.e.l' .the. conne.c.t.i.on, a b.i011.e.g.i..on ..iA ~he. '~ght Li.ize.' t~ 11.e.la.te. .to • •. be.in.g 91te.a.teill"hanone. '" ,(J)l!71e.d.i..a.te. llUM.owtd.i..ngli bu..t not a.6 oveltWhe..fm.lng a.6 a con.t.ine.n.t Olt the. e.n.t.iJte. planet. Whole.null 06 'communUy' ..iA alho vUal .to .i.nd.i..v.icfu.al he.al.th. 1n olde.11. cul..twr.u, a C!Oll'lllun.i.ty 'Li Jt.Oo.te.dn.uli ""1.l> ce.lelJJta..te.d .thltough M,tual. and U:.6 un.i.ve.Jt.6al conne.ct.i..on IAl'U .11.eme.mbe.1ted ~ugh myth. My~a.IU.ng hah o.1.wayli be.e.n a g.i6.t 06 .the. .6peuu--a way 06 1-0e.av-<.ng owr. de.e.p-Lie.a.te.d inn.ell. con.6c.i..oU-6ne.6ll w.i..th that wh.lc.h ..iA 'ou.t.6.i.de.' o 6 OWl.6 e.lvu. Commun.il.y Jr1.;tu..ah, alho encompa.Med the dll.e.amwolli.d .the. n.i.ght .the. ~null, -0e. 6e.aM. Thue Mpe.c.U 06 :the ~ye.he. we.1te. ~~ -<.ncluded ,(.11 .the ~u ' heali.ng p11.ac.t.<.cu. V11.e.am6 , v-<-6.Wn.6 would o6te.n b1Ung he.ali:hy hOlu.t.i..on.\ 60.ll. .i..nd.i..v.icfu.al a.6 well ah C!Ornmu.n.i.tlj a.i..lmen.th. The g1te.a.t :te.mple. a.t Ep.i.da.wr.U-6 in liouthe.11.11 Gft.eece. ~ a place whe.11.e people came .to 4f.eep, dll.e.am v..iA.i..on.\, and be cUJLe.d. He.al.th alho a.t t.Unu 1te.Uu on ' me.d.i..c.ine' and aga.in 'place.' ..iA .impoJt.:tan.t. •'Place' hah p11.0v.i.ded plan.th 'c.l.ay.6 ' ~~ 601t .me.cl<;c.in.al 11.emed.i..u 60.11. .thoU-6and6 06 . P.fo.ce. hah ,(.rthP<)l.ed .60ngli. 06.te.n U-6ed .i.n anc.ie.n.t t.Unu ah 'me.d.i..c.i..ne '•• ._.and hah p11.ov.i.de.d .image.Jty 6011. .the 'li.tu66' 06 dll.e.am med.i..C,,(.rte. In .tli.i..6 ..iAllue 06 Ka;t{Ul}i---owr. w.i..n.te.Jt. .i.hllue.-- -we. .take the. t.Une. .to colth.ide.11. the .i.mpoJt.:tance. 06 .the. heali.ng pll.OC!Uli and owr. 911.a.t.i...tude 6011. U. We hope. U w.i..U move. U-6 de.epe.Jt .into OWL cormiltme.n.t .to pll.Ue.Ji.ve. the. whole.null 06 .the. 'place' we. call Ka.:tdah . ---The. Ed.i...toM 1 ye.aM . ' People have always doctored themselves. Archaelogists find traces of plants that people used for medicine forty thousand years ago. Animals doctored themselves with plants too. Everyone has seen cats and dogs eat grass to clean out their stomachs and horses will graze through comf rey once in a while for a tonic ... Most people in the world today use plants for medicine. And the 'wonder drugs' of our westeTn world have saved many lives in the last fifty years. But these drugs are unavailable or impractical for many people, because of the high cost of pharmaceuticals and because of the technology needed to administer them (doctors living in remote regions , or the technology necessary to store them such as refrigerators for penicillin in Africa.) Communities have always had medical specialists--someone who could deliver babies; someone who could set a bone, pull a tooth; someone who could straighten out a bent back, or doctor the animals; someone who could talk to the troubled--yet always , in our history as humans, we have looked to the world of the spirit for healing. Monks in the Middle Ages said a prayer for each plant they picked for medicine. Native American medicine people pray to the spirit of the plant. People in hospitals pray for improved health, and even have healing visions on the operating table! So what is 'folk medicine?' I believe that whatever people do to doctor themselves and others is 'medicine. • M.D. 's rely heavily on books, studies, and statistics for information but they also rely on oral traditi~ns learned from the professors and from other physicians. Illiterate mountain herbalists expand on their knowledge-passed down through several generations ~by doing experiments on plants and then analyzing the results. As different as these approaches might seem, it ' s all a part of the same cont:inuum--using books and oral tradit . ions in varying proportions; using plants in their distilled, synthesized, or whole forms; or calling on physical (con.t.il'ILl.e.d on p. 3I �~-· 'J\..ATUAH) a IMClifiliJ#MMiflllillMie!M'llMtlllllti!lfl dPP1!i d'#"j1&'hnz EDITORIAL STAFF THIS ISSUE: Scott Bird David Reed Richard Ciccarelli Barbara Reimensnyder Th011as Rain Crowe Chip Smith Judith Hallock Brad Stanback J. Linn Mackey Martha Tree Marnie Muller David Wheeler Michael Red Fox EDITORIAL ASSISTANCE: Cathy Danna Jeff Fobes Kathleen McLaughlin Bill Melanson Sally Roark Sarah Jane Thomas Mark Yancey FIREKEEPER: Joe Roberts EDITORIAL OFFICE THIS ISSUE: 309 Kenilworth Asheville, NC PRINTED BY: Sylva Herald Publishing Co. Sylva, NC WRITE US AT: Katuah TELEPHONE: (704) 252-9167 'ii0i'8'73 Cullowhee, NC 28723 Spe.c..i.a.l .tlw.ntu. to Va /wt Ma.I> 4 ~ 6°"- .the. il.lLL4tlrJJ.ti.o n6 on p:tg u 14 and 20 COVER: "The Blues Pass through" by Marlene Mountain , painted in acrylics on 2' x 2' masonite (Healing Series 15, 1983). Adapted by Martha Tree. r-r .' ~ JRV0CllT:10H RAISE THE FRUIT " ~ ~,I· ! I ./~ . In the. w.i.nte11. 4ol.4.t,lc.e. .the. 11.e-twi.n.btg 4t.ln 81Wtg4 .the. e.no1UT10U4 and pe.1t.pe.:tual. haltvut In hunge.11. and dMkne.44 We. dM.nk .the. ccrmiu.na.l Ught IU.4.ing w.Uh all. e11.e.a.twt.u , .into .the. peJt.pe.:tual. ILU.ing .sun. IU.4.ing .in ancu.tJta.t dU4t 611.om 6UMO'~ 06 rh.tfl9 and blood. Out o6 @4 enc e. TU.4.ing .in poUe.n we. rum.it each o.the.11.. Ea/I.th 1t.OCL4ed wlU bll..Utg IL4 home. .in 4e.etf and pollen. Va.nee. .the. ceJU!mon.<al toge..the.11. .in .the. e.n.ti.11.e. 4oltvt. Ug ht. Swt 4 h.in.ing on all. 6Jt,.le.nd4 • 0 me.et me. .in the. unbombe.d vil.lagu 06 the. Wtth. In cob4 06 coll.n In the. du6t 6luh In .the. 11.UUM.e.cted idiea.t Fo11g.ive. the. Jt.Oot and ..\4.i4 e. .the. f1r.ui.,t ! ,.- KA'[\;AH - -Meridel LeSeur page 2 HeJLe. .in the. .sou.the.11.11-mo.st he.a.11.tt.o.nd 06 .the. Appab.cMP.n moun.t.aW, the. oldu.t moun.t4.in Jtange. on OILll. con.t.inui.t, Tws.t/.e. l.sla.nd, a. .sma.U bu.t 911.0w.ing gMup ha.4 be.gun to .ta.he. on a .se.n..se. o~ Jte.4 po n 4.ib.<.Uty 6011. .the. .i.mpl.i.ctJ.Uonlt 06 tha..t ge.og11JJ.ph.U:.a.l a.nd cu.ltuJLa1. heJL.ita.g e.. Th.<.4 4 e.rt4 e. o6 11.U po nlii..bil.Uy ce.MeA.6 on the. conce.pt 06 Uv.ing wlthi.n the. lla.twt.a.l. 4ca.le. a.nd balance. 06 u.A.lve.Jt.4a.l 4q4tem4 a.nd la.W6. We. beg.in by .invo/Ung .tlte. CheJtOlle.e. name. "Ka..W.a.h" 44 .th£. old/nw na.me. 6011. .tlt.i4 a.11.e.a. 06 .the. moun.t.a..i.n4 and ~ 011. it4 j olJllJltl.l. 44 wen. The. e.d.U.o!WJ.t. p!ti.oll.Ulu 6011. IL4 a.11.e. to coUe.ct and .i.tt6OJtma.t.ioR and e.rt'-/tgy wh..i.ch pe/lW.n4 4pe.c...i.6~ to tJi.i4 Melt, a.nd to 604.te.Jt .the. 1114W1.e.llU4 tha..t the. la.nd .<A 4 Uv.ing be..ing du eJLv.ing o6 olLlt. ltJve. and 11.upe.&. L.i.v.ing .in th.i4 ma.nne.11. .<A the. only '41!/ to e.1141Llt.e. .the. 41L4.to.i.nabil..ltl( 0 ~ OILll. b.io.Sphe.11.e. a.rid a. la.4.t.ing place. 6011. ot411.4e.lvu .in U4 con.ti.ntWtg evocLi.64 em.i.na.tt luli.oMJt.y p'WCe.44. We. 6e.e.m to ha.ve. 11.eo.c.he.d the. 6uWwm po.int 06 a "do 011. d.ie." 4Uua.t.lon .in .tVUll6 06 a. cont.inue.d quo..li.ty 4ta.nda.Jt.d 06 U6e. on .th.U. pl.a.net. It .i4 .the. a..i.m 06 th.i4 jolLlt.nal. to do it4 pall.t .in the. 11.e.-.inha.b.<..t:a.Uon a.nd 11.e.-cultwi.a.U..on 06 the. Ka..tW:ih pitav.ince. 06 .the. Sou..the.Jtn Appab.cMP.114 . ThM pitav.irtce. .<A .irtdlc.ttte.d by U4 na.twr.a.t. bou.nd.alt...i.u : .the. Ne.w IU.veJL v.ic.in.i.tv to the. nolt.th; the. ~oothil..t.4 o~ .the. ple.dmon.t a.11.e.a. to .the. eJUt; Yona Mowita..ln a.nd .the. Ge.o11.g.i.o. hil..t.4 to .the. .sou.th; a.nd .the. Te.rtnuHe IU.veJL Va.U~ to the. wut. Hwnbl!f, 44 4e.l6-a.ppo.inted .ste.cm.Jt.d,t. IAlUh. 4a.J!Jl.e.d .into piwte.c.t and pllU'-11.ve. it4 4a.J!Jl.e.dnU4, we. a.dvoca..te. a. cuite.11.e.d a.pp!tOa.ch to .the. con.cE.pt 06 dtte.ntlla.l..i.za:t.ion a.hd hope. to becomE. a. .suppolt..t 4!f4te.m 6011. .tho4e. a.cce.pt.ing the c.ha.lt.e.nge. 06 ~IL4ta..i.na.bil.Uy and .the. e11.e.a...t.ion 06 ha.Jt.mony and bo.la.nce. .in a. to.ta.l Hll4e., heJLe. .in th.i4 pta.cE.. 4.tJt.ILc..t,ion1t 44 "nw na..t.i.vu'' We. wdcome. aJ.1. COMUponde.nce., CJLi..tic.i.4111, peJl.t.i.nVl.t .in6o.\ma.Uon, OJt.t.<du, llJl.t.woltk, E..tc. wlth hopu .tha.t Ka.Oia.h wlU 911.0w to .se.11.ve .the. but .inte.Jtt.4t4 o6 / th.i4 ~ a.nd a.U .lt4 Uv.ing, blt.e.a.thi.ng 6"1fl.i.t.!/ me.mbelt.4. - The EcLltolt.4 The Internal Revenue Service has declared a non-profit organization under section 50l(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. All contributions to Kat uah ar e deductible from personal income tax-.-- Kat~ah Winter 1985-86 �•• • NEAR HOME ( cont.i.llued 611.Dm p. 11 remedies and spiritual powers. The Native American people say that medicine is everything: religion, psychology, politics, ecology, philosophy, plants, ceremonies, community--all things that we seem to need separate words for, in English. Here in the mountains, the Cherokee have evolved and still practice a complex system of medicine. In their practice , they use the plants--which include over 75% of all the medicinal plants in America~from tropical passiflora vines in the river bottoms to tundra lichens on the high peaks. Cherokee medicine also uses a sophisticated understanding of human nature, and of our 'place in the world.' Ceremonies address our relationship with 'the whole '. The white people--English, Scots, Irish, and Cerman--wbo established communities in the mountains about 150 years ago learned about medicinal plants from the Cherokee. They brought their knowledge of European plants and beliefs as well--everything from ustng seeds and root cuttings, to formulas for removing warts, taking the fire out of burns, and even putting a knife under the bed to ease the pain of childbirth. Today mountain communities have hospitals, M.D.'s, chiropractors, ministers, psychologists, and other healing practitioners. And yet another wave of newcomers in the mountains of Katuah have been working to establish healing centers, holistic health farms, and centers for psychic research. In the 1960's , throughout the country, people began to take back responsibility for their own health care. In the eighties it seems that perhaps our greatest challenge is to take responsibility for the health of the earth! Our mountains are threatened by acid rain (what government agencies mildly call "atmospheric deposition") , threatened by the deposit of nuclear wastes , by clear-cutting and poisoning of the forests, by development that erodes land and silts streams and places burdens on water and sewage treatment in those communities. All of us who have felt the healing power of the mountains, of the earth-if only the 'peacefulness' that comes from sitting by the side of a mountain stream--need to respond now to the mountains' need for Health. We must open up and expand our definitions of ' medicine ' to include the earth and all peoples as a Whole so that we cannot only survive, but BE WELL. Barbara Reimensnyder, PhD BaJtbaM Re.<me.nMtydeJL, a. 11.e.gulalt. contM.bu.to.11. .to Ka.ttra.h, ,(A 4 6ol.Jtt.OIW..t who ti.vu .in"1iaCon Coun.ty, NC. 1n .tJi.i..6 nut <Vt.ti.c.le., 4 he. 4 ha.11.u c.ui..th U4 4ome. 06 he.A .ti.me. 4pe.nt c.ui..th Ka.te. RogeJt.b, one. 06 .the. ol.dut plUlC.uti.oneJt.b o6 6o.tk me.cLi.c.i.ne. he11.e. .in .thue. moun.ta..in4 . , N\TrAH - page 3 KATE ROGERS and her mountain medicals The following exerpts come from a book that Kate Rogers and I have been working on for several years , Kate was born in 1905 in the Ellijay co111111unity outside of Franklin, North carolina, where she grew up and where she now lives, near her large family. In addition to knowing and using over two hundred plants for medicine, Kate also sings old ballads and shape-note hymns and takes an active part in her church. She and her husband celebrated their 60th wedding anniversary last year. When I first made a tape with Kate, she started out, "Hy name is Kate Minervy Rogers. I was named after both my grandmothers, Kate Henry and Minervy Moses--tbat was Dr. Athan Hoses' wife. Hy grandfather was a herb doctor, Dr. Athan Hoses. And Mama used herbs; she knowed everything we ought to do when one was sick--just go and git this and go and git that." I asked Kate how she first began to learn about plants. She said , "I started in quite young. We bad big fields, about twenty acres, and I carried the water from a little spring way over in the woods at the aide of the field. I was the waterjack, I guess you'd call it. I carried water to where they was hoeing corn." "See , on new ground , you can't plow it and do too good. They laid off a little first with oxen , but part of the way was so rough they had to dig boles to plant the corn. So they'd dig up all the bloodroot and may apples as they was agoing." "And I would put them on top of a stump, and then I'd run and carry them, every bit , to the house. I would run as fast as I could. It was over half a mile to walk from the field, and a lot of it was uphill ss ye come back. If I didn't get to wash the roots then and put them out to dry , why I would that evening." Kate's uncle , John Henry, had a store where he sold general goods to the co-unity , and in turn bought or traded for beeswax, roots, herbs, corn, chestnuts, and other natural products. Kate said , "I could take a pound of bloodroot, and Uncle John, he sold five cent calico , so I would get a yard of calico for a pound of bloodroot and Mama could make me a lc.ont.inue.d on nut page.) W inter 1985-86 �continued from page 3 dress out of it." Kate was five years old at that ti.me. "And then I learned about herbs from Mama. She was Dr. Athan Hoses' daughter, and she knowed a lot about them. She knowed that poplar bark, the root bark, was good to kill worms, and she'd give it to us. One'd cry with his stomach hurting, and Mama would say, 'Go and get some poplar bark, Kate.' (She always sent me, I don't know why ). But I'd dig in by them big roots that went down in the bank of the road. And I'd get the poplar bark and take it to the house. And usually when I got in with it I'd wash it and fix the tea for the children." "Kate digs plants to make her own garden of medicinal plants - 'medicals'." Kate grew up collecting roots to sell from the woods and newly cleared ground of her family and gathering roots and herbs as needed to doctor her family. She has continued these two kinds of activities ever since--she finds and grows herbs to doctor herself and her husband and others as needed. She also regards medicinal plants as a source of income, digging them to sell at the flea market and through the mail, which she bas done for years. Her grandfather too did a substantial mail order business in herbs in the late 1800's. In addition Kate digs plants from the woods and gets seed to make her own garden of medicinal plants- "medicals". Throughout the years she bas worked as postmistress, in factories, bas run ruby mines, taken in boarders, and done a variety of jobs while raising three children, caring for her extended family, making gardens, sewing, quilting, taking an active part in her church , and doctoring anyone lolho needs help. Although she has always helped to support her family, Kate says, "Every ti.me I pick something for somebody, I just give it to them. Wben I tell people what to use for medicine,it's just free, gratis. One person the other day, they didn't give me nothing, and I didn't expect nothing, but I know they'll be good to me." Kate continually adds to her knowledge of plants by reading books, experi.menting--mostly on herselfKAWAI:! - page 4 and growing new plants or bringing them in from the woods. She said, "They ' re a lot of herbs in these mountains, but I ain't never found out what they're all good for. I know two hundred and fifty, but I don't know where they're all at. Two hundred and fifty that I've used then around here close." "I grow some, and I find some in the woods, all along the roads and so on. And some I bring back and set out to where they'll grow, it's like they're alive to me. Well, they ate alive! But it's like they're a pet. I love them, each one." "One day, when I was a child, Mama done a good deed for me and the plants too. I pulled the flowers. I'd come in with everyone that I could hold in my hands, the pretty little flowers. And Kam.a said, 'I want to tell you something.' She said, 'Every one of them pretty little flowers would have raised seed if you'd a left them.' She said, 'If everybody done like you're doing, everybody could pull up every flower, and when they got the flowers pulled, there wouldn't be no seed to fall back and come up. That's just a-robbing everything. ' Well, now I'm so particular about pulling things I want to make seed-I won't pu11 them just because they're pretty. Because I want them to keep coming, because they're so many good plants. And the more I learn about them, the more I want to learn." Kate's great granddaughter already makes tea for her brothers and sisters using some of the plants her great grandmother bas shown her. In the last several years Kate bas spoken to garden clubs and 4-H groups and participated in local festivals like Mountain Heritage Day and the Macon County Folk Artists in Schools Program. One day Kate said, "Hy tea, I think that helped my arthritis, but I'll tell ye: try to stay happy. That's one of the best remedies ye can find. One day there was a girl come to me, and she was wanting to know bow to stay young. And I said, 'Why are you asking me? You sure get old, you can't do a thing about that. And she said they had told her to ask me. So I said , 'Well, just try and be a happy person. Never do anything you know is wrong. If you know it's wrong, just avoid it. You don' t have to do wrong. ' You know there's always things that will happen --none of us ain't perfect. I've been sad, and I've had trouble that made me mad a few times, but it's all in life. You just I.ave to let the worst go and live for the better." "I'm trying to live a natural life, use the natural things. We're just learning more about nature all the ti.me. The Lord put it all here, and put it here to work, and that's nature." Kate Rogers and Barbara Reimensnyder , PhD. © 1985 I.t .i.6 .the. moJuthtg o 6 .the. win.tVL 4 olJ..ti.ce: New G.ltange., lite.land - A COll.e.6u.lty du-4Jne.d wtde119.it.ound Ji.tone 6.tli.uetwr.e Jiil.I. 6.il.e.nilq in .the. daJtk.ne.t.6, ~ .i.ng, 116 ..it luu. done. 6011. .thoiu.and6 o 6 60Jt. thM moJUl,(ng '6 6ttMMe.. I.t ha.6 be.en Cillle.d a ".tomb", 6011. bod.i.u 06 .the de.ad weA.e C411..e.6u.ltq .i.nljllOJl.6, .te.Me.d .the11.e., bu..t .the me.an.<.ng and pwi. po6 e. o6 .tlilt. dolmen, 116 .thu e. 4.tJr.uc .twi.u a11.e. Cillle.d, Me. 6M mO-'le .than .tha.t, 116 .the. 6.i.Ju>.t 1t.O..IJ6 o 6 .the JL.i..6.i.ng 6wt 11.eveal. They b!JIL6t .th.lt.Ough .the open en.tltancema.y and Uhun.i.na.te. .the. .twe.n.ty6oot-h.igh back c.u:tU 06 .the. 6.tone.Une.d pit, whi.c.h .i.6 COVVl.e.d with de.6'4Jrl6 and pe.t.Jt.Oglyph6 to.bo!Lloiu.ty callve.d by Ji.tone-age 1111160116 .to ce.leblta.te. tlUI. VeJUf moment:, 601t .the. .light .touchu .them 601t onl..tj a 6e.w hoWl.6 a !le.all p.'l.e.c.iJ. e.ly a.t .the. time. o6 .the win.tVL 4 oU.t.i.ce.. Wha-t .the. 6ymbol6 mean 6pe.c..i.6.i.Cillly .i.6 .the C4U.6e. 06 much conje.ctwr.e. and debate, but .tJW. 6.Ue.nt ceJt.emony, 6011. whlch .the 6.t4ge &a1.6 4 e.t 4. 000 !fe,a.Jtl, be.601te. modeJl.n c..i.v.i..Uza.t.i.on, 6.i.ng6 06 11.UUM.tct.i.on and 11.e.b.iA.th. ••••• i ~ ~ i 4ii\ ~ <:9' flw 'f ~ ~ • : ~ ~ .., ~ G i S\IV ~ ~ ~ ;:F< Ancient societies all across the face of the Earth, but particularly in the British Isles and the northwestern coast of Europe, have left enduring remnants of their presence 1n the form of earthen mounds and barrows, stone structures, and great boulders raised on end in patterns or standing alone. The great stone circles in particular, such as the familiar Avebury and Stonehenge circles, have caught the modern imagination and are tantalizing clues to the minds of the old ones, the "megalithic peoples," as these societies of builders are called. Living in the period from 5,000 to 2,000 B.C. before the Celtic tribes overran Europe, the megalithic peoples based their life on a subsistence agriculture largely dependent on domestic animals. Apparently the lands were sparsely populated at that ti.me, and there was plenty to eat, but their living conditions would have seemed rough and crude to us, with little to indicate the extraordinary capabilities required to transport and raise the great boulders in precise patterns and aligments. Time bas shrouded the monuments 1n mystery , and there are many guesses--some academic, some psychic, and some purely inventive--as to their original nature and purpose. Since Professor Gerald Hawkins of Boston University discovered in 1963 that the Stonehenge circle was used as a huge astronomical obser- ~,0,j@>~@ljOeJ~~~~ Winter 1985-86 �~~<@'~~~~,i@~~,~~S~@ijfbeJ@~~~~B~".W-~@~G(@W~' vatory, it has become coaunon knowl edge that solar , l unar , and stell a r sightings are a pa rt of th e f unction of many of the megalith ic ston e figures . Yet as mor e is revealed about this function of t he stones , astronomers marvel at t he knowl edge these a ncien t people had of our universe, and are amazed at t he a ccur a cy of the observation s that are poasibl e with the g rea t s tones , wh:Lch a t fi r s t look seem so clumsy . Enginee r s wo nd e r how t he bouldere were moved over long distances, a nd how t hey wer e raised with the tools these stone-age people had at hand. Professor Alexander Thom, Emeritus Professor of Engineering at Oxford University, has demonstrated that a common unit of measure, the "megalithic yard" as he calls it, was the basis of the stone figures throughout the British Isles. He has spoken of the sophisticated geometry evident in the design of the stone figures, and the mathematical precision with which they were laid out and put into place - by a people of a rustic and illiterate culture! But while academics can point out the astonishing accomplish·. ments of this ancient people, the attraction of the stones, particularly to peo! · ple of Eur o pean descent, is a pers onal one, for the stones represent a part of ourselves. They are a · .; part of our ancestral peo-~ between t hem. The s uns ets are emphas ized because the smal.l val.ley sight s west, giving a long view of the western horizon. Lylich i s descend ed from peo ple who lived in Scotland and northwes tern Europ e . He fel t that bu ilding a circle and experiencing the mind of the builder s wa s t he best way to understand their f eelings and motives. "My primary reason for building a stone circle, besides wanting to see what it was all about, was to make a ceremonial area, just as I believe my ancestors did . It's a place to go and be serious, a place set aside as sacred ground. ''Some people might think it rash of me to meddle with megalithic .·:: · • '· •· ... ··. · .:{::_. . • American t r i bes , even the Chinese pl e ha ve stone monuments in their c ul·i tu ral his to r y . It is a t r adition that i s found among ancient peoples all over the world . " I n this wa y i t i s a bridge be- ~ t ween us whit e peo ple and the na t ive (@)) Indians that we f ound l iving here :ii when we came. It is clear t hat among 'G th eir oth er functions, the pre-Celtic ~ stone circles in Europe were calendare~ measuring the moon cycles and the ~ yearly solar cycles. The medicine wheels discovered in this country werf ~ the same. We can trace the solstices ~ and equino.xes through them, so we know th;lt they were calendar3 for the fl, native peopl e of this continent. '8 "The fire-pit at the center of & our circle i s one element that we , ~ borrowed from the Native American medicine wheels. It's a funny thing, but none of the pre-Celtic circles has a fire-pit. All the alignments pass through the center of the circles, but they left it un~ marked. I figure they left it I~ clear for their ceremonies or for sacred contests · ··· and games. "It is natural that the old European . l . ·; • tribespeople com(@ · -_.. · bined the functions ~ ..:·. .. of sacred sites if) and sacred calen~ dars in their ··· circles. The peo··. · · ple obviously had to know when a celebration was coming. They ~ sometimes had to ~ tTavel miles to get there, and they '4i> li- I ~~;:~~E~~~i:~:;~h~~ '·:-:~:~:\\?:~;<~Y}'~~~!r;~<'\~·~ '::~-;~.-:: ·.-.·:=:I.;·; ::~~~=~· -~-s:·?:}:~~ .:}!"~~:~:: :~~%:;~):fil.~C1. -~~~Ft!~:::~t~~:;~ ~::!,'!:·~~! :.."!: something we once · '' · . <:~(? c1.-.n·cLeS were - something we have lost. If we ~could only unravel the mystery of the ·. standing stones, we know we would be face to face with ourselves at the other end, looking into our own eyes with new understanding. One person living today in Katuah, who wishes only to be known by his Celtic name, Lylich Crabawr, decided to do some experiential research to try to fathom the true meanings of the old megaliths. In bis small valley, close to the center of his five-acre property, he has erected a circle of stones. The four largest ones mark the four cardinal points of the compass and are ins cribed with carved pictures of the plant and animal kingdoms c orresponding to the powers of each of the four directi.o ns. Beyond the circle, outlying s tones mark the positions of the sols t i c e s unrises, and the sunsets f or the sols tices, the equinoxes, and the ''\:~~;~;t, a~ ' ''>i('?F sro ·· stone circles, but I feel that I have an ancestral right to follow this path . The bloodlines and the cultural roots of the white people living on this continent lie back in the tribal homelands of Europe. White people have only been a presence in the "New World" for 400 years, whereas our ancestors have inhabited Europe since antiquity and developed a long his- · tory and strong cultural traditions there. "I don't always feel comfortable adopting some other people's ceremony. It would be clearly out of place for me to take up the Sun Dance. I couldn 't build one or run one of thos e . But I feel that I have some authority to do some thing in this area. We all do. European people , Nat i v e Ameri can 1 thore •:.;•:,:::."!~of ; They had to know ~~ ~ in advance. Y'"'\~ when the sunSo was ~ I~~ almost in the ~ right place, • they would know ~ that there was about a week until ~ the solstice, and they'd go over there and gather. "It was also impor tant for an agricultural people to have a calendar. ~ They needed to know when to plant, when to breed their livestock, etc. It was a simple matter to set some stakes or a few rocks in the ground, sighting ~ on some prominent feature of the landscape, and nove them every few days until one day they didn ' t have to move them again. With rocks 200 feet apart, one can measure to within a few days of the solstice. With sights five miles apart, it can be done precisely. "We used that method to l ay out our alignments. Once we had a megalithic stone c ircle, it was easy to (@J s e t up outlying stones. Sighting over ~ the fire -pit at the center of the cir- if1J 'li- I I ¥< jj' ~:;;~;;~;;:_a(G~j;~~~~;~*:;;;'®~~~~};~;(O:~ ~ KATL<hl>' - •pa[i.<e > Wint~ L'9&5-8'6. �111 (j,rcleJ 7owarJ f-/e.a/1n9: mtwlene m~~ ~ wnttui "''/U.#t of h~ ~ f'r#wtl""J fh17Ct44 /Alfu°Vh- IJ,(.f,IJ#fa;n,lf4 hey f/Xkitn't . ''4W --~ r "Jw,.t a l..lttle. a6.teJr. he.U.o, he. 6a.IJ6 I 've. got 6ome.th.Utg " - -t®Lte.veJr. .U .U, .U hUILtl> Wl.e. 6.ilr.e.. Tlvte.e. thoMa.nd dothvi.6 woJLth 06 tu.a. 6atJ a tu .ion on .the. mtje.li.n 4he.a.th 06 mtJ 6p.i.na.l c.oll.d.. MS 6U6pe.c..t. (It taku .two lu.i..on.6 .to name. .U comple.te.ltj. J Mo.11.e. pa.ht, e.x.CJW.Wlling, hantU. a.ll.m6, ba.nd a..11.~und c.hu.t. We.aknU6, c.an'.t d!Uve., l(l16h mlj ha.ur., pa.ht.t, no.11. hold .th.Utg6 ve..11.tj we.U.. Bad 6e.e.li.ng .ln my leg6. Oh no. Con6U6.i..on. Fe.a..11.. D.11.e.o.d. One. e.ve.n.lng a 6.!Ue.nd v.U.li.6. She. .U a m.i.di.ul6e. a.nd I a.Ilk hell abou.t me.dUa..t.lon. She. 6li.6 on the. bed, pu.tll he.11. hand on mlj 6011.e.he.ad, 6ay6 a 600.th.lng woll.d. 011. .two. I n6tantly mlJ m.lnd e.xpandl. a.nd theJr.e. i6 a. 4.tllange. 6e.n6a..t.i..on I a.m ou.tll.lde. 06 my6 e.f.6. Some.th.lng ma.g.lca.l .U happe.n.lng, 40me.th.lng handed down 611.0m .the. old day4 o 6 owr. 4.U..te.11.6 , .the. w.ltc.hu/he.a.le.11.6. She. a.6/l.6 me. .to v.UuaUz.e. the. demon (li. i6 an UfJly glob, a "b.ig e.a..te.11.," I a.m la.tell. .to wtde.ll.6tandl , .to MU the. pa.ht bi.to a ba.ll (wh.ic.h be.c.omu 40 l.tvige. a.nd he.o.vy I'm una.ble. .to U6.t .U 611.0m my c.hu.t, bu.t can 6Uc.k au:n.y pa.JLt6 o 6 .U I and .to 6.lnd a 4a6e. ptac.e. (Hve..11.a.f. appe.a..11. bu.t a..11.e. nl,,t .!Ugh.ti • By now I a.m .la.ugh.Utg, e.11.y.lng, talking, c.wr.6.lng. Eve.ntu.aU.y the. 6a.6e. pto.ce. be.c.omu the. loweA pa.JLt o 6 a .t.11.e.e.. F loa.t.&tg ne.a..11. me, li.6 11.0ot.6 a11.e. e.xpo6 e.d and li.6 dangl.lng 11.0ot ha.cA6 a.tta.ch .to mtJ a.ll.m6 • I .t appe.o..11.6 they a..11.e. .t.11.y.lng .to dJuwJ ou.t the. pa.ht. Get ou:t .the. rne.o.n-6hli. 4.tu.6 6, I ca.ll ou:t. Ove.11. a.nd ove.11., get out, go aJAXJ.y I The. v.U..i..on 6adu and I a.m 6W1. m.iAe..11.0.ble.. Some.th<.ng, howe.ve.11., i..6 cU.6 6Vte.n.t. The. 11.e.leiu.e. 06 a.nge.11., the. mowr.n.lng 06 lo66 , the. nam.lng 06 e.vil., have. le.6t empty 6pac.u in.to wh.lch c.an c.om po6.Ue. .ive. 60Jt.cu. A. .twuWlg po.ln.t. The. .t.11.e.e., tho1J9h, t®Lt dou .U m e.an, Jte..11.e. dou .U come. 611.0m'I She. po.lnt.6 .to my .ta.6.t pa.in.t.lng, 611.0m a. 4 e.M.u o6 women' 4 anc.le.nt 6ymbol4, a .t.11.e.e.. A. 6.tyUz.e.d du.ign 6JLOm old Ca.naan 06 the. 6acAe.d .t.11.e.e.: the. body 06 the. goddU4. ( La..te.11. I l1lft .to 11.e.a.Uze. I had be.en a.6Jt.a..id 06 #wJtU.ng the. .t.11.e..e., 06 luiv.ing my ptLi.rt go in.to .U--how Wfte. did I unde.ll.6tand. J The. n.ighl: i6 long and halt.6h, moll.rl.ing I 41Qlke. and the. e.xCJWc..Ut.tin.g pa.ht .U gone.. Gone.! V.ld the. .t.11.e.e. take. .U'! You know .U d.id. The. pa.ht .t"4.t .U le.6.t .U be.o.Jta.ble., not we.lc.ome., bu.t be.a.11.11ble.. One. a.6.te..11.noon I a.m able. .to M.t.a.x dee.ply (.to 6.lnk .ln.to the. be.di, a.nd the.11.e. i6 anothe.11. v.U.i..on. Fo.!t. 6ome. Jte.a.60n I unn.t .to be. .in my Uttle. gall.d.e.n. I .t.11.y a.nd .t.11.y bu:t I c.an' .t get the.Ile.. I qu.i.t .t.11.y.lng a.nd 6udde.nly I a.m the11.e.. That i6 , mlj leg4 , wh.i.c.h luive. be.en hwr..t.ing, a11.e. the.11.e., ly.ing among the. we.e.d6 and with the. we.e.d6 glWwing out 06 the.m. W.ith .inv.U.i.ble. hand6 I beg.in to weed the. ga.11.d.e.n, and oddly e.no1J9h, my l.e.g6. Iv:. e.o.ch we.e.d comu ou:t, 60 dou 6ome. 06 the. pa.in, 6ome. 06 the. 6e.a.ll.. 1 weed 6011. a long t.ime.. It .U anothe.11. ba.d dD..y. I 6 e.e. my4 e.f.6 ly.lng .in be.d, 6ull 06 bad 4.tu.66. I unn.t .U ou.t. The11.e. if, a co1r.k .in the. 6ma.U 06 my ba.c.k. I pull .U out and the. ba.d 4.tu.66 be.g.in.6 .to dfia..Ot. A ho6e. a..ttac.he.d .to a (c.on.t.inue.d on next page.I Winter 1985-86 �v151onJ · Jownfur,e-5 aff1rmatton5 ·;ournf!tj5 .tUllJ moon appe411.6 on mlJ bel.ly. The. moon ,(,/, 6ult. 06 good 1>tLL66 land ,(,!, dJuuuUtg Lt 611.0m a moon 1>1J111bol .i.n one. 06 mlJ pa.i.nti.ng1> l . The. ho1>e. weMI> .it.6e.l6 .i.nto mlJ Mvel and 6.ill.h me wlth good 1>.tu66. I am bet.tell.. Some. 1>ay MS doun 't h.ulLt, othe/Lb 1>a1J U dou. MIJ le.g1> (though .the. tu.ion ,(,!, ne.M. mlJ ne.cld, ho.ve. pa.i.n. 1 1>e.e. .i.M.lde. .th e.m. TheJte. ,(,!, a caJuiboM.d 1>.tM.p .i.n e.ach. Slowl.IJ one. o 6 the. 4.tlUP" be.g.i.nl> to /LOU .i.n.to a .tube.. A6 U 11.oli.4, U catchu up pa.in .i.'1.41..d.e. U. In ano.theJt v,(,/,.i.on I 1>e.e. mlJ back, .the.n a wooden table., and on U a ti.nlJ papeJt m.i.nt cup. A 4poon appe.M.b. Some.how U 4COOpl> bad gunk 6/tOm mlJ 4p.i.ne. and 6.il.lb .the. cup. Ano.the.IL cup appe.M.b, and 6.i.Ub. Ano:tlteJt, ano.the.11., ano.theJt. 81J now rruch 06 mlJ 4.tll.e.ng.th, coolLCLina;Uon ,(,/, back. A pa.i.ntell 611..i.end 4uggutl> 1 pa.i.nt .the. v,(,/,.i.onl>. Tho1>e. we.iAd :tki.Jtg4? lmpo1>1>.i.ble. 1 1>ay, IJU, almo1>.t a4 .i.6 to .i.nl>,(,t,.t, .the. tlte.e. 11.e.appe.a11.1>--U ,(,!, 1uhole. th,(,t, ti.me.. Then U 1Le.p1t.odu.cu .U:.6 e.l.6 .i.n.to llldnlJ .tll.e.u • They tll.an1> 60M1 .i.nto a clwnp, a g11.ove., and look "~ .to one. 1 pa.i.nte.d ove.11. .twe.ntlj IJe.M.b ago. Ago..i.n, ha.i.11.li hang down and a11.e. like. pe.a v.i.ne. te.nclllil.b. The.If be.g.i.n attac.h.i.ng to my bodtj. 1 am not a6Jta..Ui 06 hull..tU1g .the. .tll.e.u. MIJ mind pu.tb .the. ha.i.lll> .i.nto pl.a.cu that hUll.t, two 011. tlvte.e. .i.n 4ome. pl.acu. Even .i.r. pl.a.cu that jUL>.t Uch. I talk, olwy, now 1 am go.i.ng a4le.e.p, .i.6 1 move. oJt .tull.n ovell .the. ho..i.11.4 will. 1>.tay .i.n place.. 1 wilt 6e.e.l. be.tte.11. cdt e.n 1 <U1n ke.. Much o 6 .the. po..i.n and 6e.aJt go u thllough .the. Motl>, .i.nto .the. .tll.unk, and out .thllough .the. le.a.vu- -11.e.clJcle.d. Somet.i.mu .the. bluu get to me.. 1n one. po..i.nt.i.ng I am undellg1tound--.i.n 6ac.t, dcwn de.e.p .i.n a g.11.0und hog de.n--unde.Jt mlJ hoUL>e./moun.ta..i.n la 1>ymbol .i.n p11.e.v.i.0U1> pa.i.nt.i.ngl> J . Thelle. 1 1>.tay 6011. 1>e.veMl da1J1> and t«tU out :t.he. mood. One. da1J my Jtoom Hentl> .to 6.i.U w<..th 6loa.ti.ng whe.e.lcha.i.11.li and 1 am 4Ull.Jtounde.d. Sca11.e.d. Haunted. Ske..tch .the. .&nage., du<.gn U, pa.i.nt U. Name. .the. 6e.a.1t. 1 am lu1> 1>CaJte.d. 1 look at my po..i.nti.ngl>. 1n mo1>.t 1 am llj.i.ng down. What ,(,!, th,(,!,? 1 can w:tlk, ca"' .t I? I get m1J1>e.l6 up, embJtace. the. moon, 1>he. pu.tb out hell aJIJl14 and g.i.vu me. a b.i.g hug. I be.g.i.n a 1>e.Jt.i.e.1> 06 joUJr.11e.y1>, dJtawn .in.to .the. pa.6.t, back to uiome.n '" anc.i.e.nt 1>ymboU. (The. p!t.e.v.i.oUI> 1>e.Jt.i.u ha4 be.e.n 11.uume.d and «n.& 6.i.n,(,t,he.d, Oil 1>0 1 ltad thought:. l Now 1 am llteMlllJ w<..th .the. "1>ymbol6," bu.ld.e. .the.m, tallU.ttg w.i.th them, l,(,t,.te.n.ing .to them. 1 come. upon the. temple. 06 A6talt.te.; 1>U at the. 6e.d 06 goddu1>u .i.n .the. Salto.Jta; 4tand at the. al.taJt o 6 Mothe.11. Goddu1> .i.n C11.ete. and call. to lte.Jt along w<..th one. 06 hell p!Uu.tu1>u; dance. and 1>.i.ng w.Uh o.the.11. women o 6 the. woll.l.d. Back home. 1 6.i.nd goddU4U. have. taken up 11.u<.de.nce. to watch ove.Jt me.. One. n.i.gh.t I am 1>Uti.ng on .the. poJr.Ch, Nut, .the. EglJp.t.i.an 1>k1J godd.u1> 4Ull.Jtound.i.ng . p11.ote.cti.ng. 1 be.come. <Ulnlte. .that the. j 0U11.ne.1J1> .i.nto .the. pa.6.t have. g.i.ve.K me. COUii.age. 6011. .the. p.\Ue.nt, 6011. the. 6utUJte.. Me.h·Ull.t, a ve.Jtlj anc.i.e.nt cow/4 kif godd.u1>, W'.lnde/Lb .i.n to v.i.l>U. All.Ound he.11. ne.ck lb the. Me.na.t, a 1>ymbol c6 1>.tll.e.ngth, 1>e.xual. ple.abUJte., and ph1J4.i.cal we.U-be..i.ng. - Mall.l.e.ne. Mounta.i.n :. ~ c .. ..- ~ U NE DllAWINO$ ADAl'TW aY MARTHA TllQ 'J ' r1'1 f s MOON FILL f,(i9ht~ of~ "I don't even know what r&ade me sic.It," related Marlene to us , "I think it was the stress and not talking to people, being bottled up with pressures and it came out ( in MS symptoms ) and I went through a bad period. But maybe that was to be. I'm still not able to settle down. I'm on fire. But I've had a warning .•• and the healing. I didn't have anything to do with it--it just happened and it was a major healing process that I don't know how to explain." We as~d Marlene to describe, as best she could, her healing experience--"! don't even meditate and that evening I said, 'Let's meditate tonight, Cindy (midwife/friend) ' not even knowing really what it was--it was a weird experience and it happened several times afterward. And it basn 't happened since (the healing) but it got me through a period. I guess you could call it a miracle but not in the old-fashioned sense. I'd love for it to happen again but I don't know if it would be the same form." Marlene continued, "What happened to me ... I know it was from women's past--ancient Goddess energy. I certainly wouldn't have known anything like that would have happened or was going to happen. I don't have fantasies , I don't have rituals, I don't have anything li~ that .. • and then all of a sudden something absolutely abnormal happened to me . The midwife, Cindy, says I did it myself. I don't think I could have ever done it. But it was at the po:lnt that something had to happen." From these visions, Marlene felt compelled to paint the images in a series of healing paintings.( see 'In Circles', opposite page) Throughout our visit, Marlene spoke of releasing her anger and her fears. In speaking of her wheelchair painting, Marlene conJ:ided, "By the time I was finished painting , I didn't have that fear anymore and it has not come back. Maybe I just had to deal with that fear and my being visual, it came out visually. ~y fear and painting it through and putting myself in the midst of it was empowering." In conversing with Harlene, there is a strong sense that the expression of rage in s creative way and a positive vision of healing can co-exist. Some of her 'outrageous' expressions include her series lcon.t.i.nue.d on ne.x.t page.I ~<(] KATUAH - page 7 Winter 1985-86 �WEEDING PAIN & FEAR \:ifiiJ \I of paintings entitled: "a woman's non- commemorative stamp collection". "They are 'stamps' which will never be real stamps , " said Marlene. The 'stamps' speak to the annihilation of native peoples , the environment, rape, incest, war and nuclear extinction. One simply reads 'women and minorities'. "It's incredible," continued Marlene, "that in America in the 80' s that phrase should even exist . " Besides creatively expressing through the visual art of painting, Marlene is also a recognized poet of haiku. Conventionally, haiku is viewed as an apolitical, pure/objective art form. Marlene though differs with this view and creatively allows her 'grumblings' to come through this mediUlll as well. She feels that haiku offers a great deal to women in particular as an art form. In terms of her paintings, Marlene ' s most recent series is called "Cross Words". The paintings , all 13 of them, are of crossword puzzles filled in with words of what women are called ..• the animals women are called .. . the food ... the slang body parts, and so on. "I 'd say that most of my paintings are for women, but I want men to be involved too. I think they're called things that they don't want to be called. If they could see what women are called and start thinking about what they are called and what they are supposed to be doing in life, it helps. We all have to be in it together." Cross Words" allows us to see the disturbing words in a "playful" and dynamically contained way, effectively taking away their 'power'. One of Marlene's older series of paintings called "the Other" portrays ancient women symbols , which she spent a great deal of time researching. Another series is a "female alphabet" which she herself 'made up'. She felt the need for this kind of alphabet and one night the images started coming to her, all except the 'y' and the 'n' which came the next day. "For a while I would write letters in 'female ' and translate poems into 'female'. The alphabet just c ame out of nowhere ... or rather it came out of somewhere, I just wasn't aware of it. I had to paint them." IDher early days of being an artist , Marlene was not aware that there was any avenue in art other than what she, for convenience, would refer to as the 'male art of New York'. "I bad become dissatisfied with those attitudes." Harlene painted ten years, got her degree, quit for ten years , then started again . I n renewing her art again, there was a period during which she painted a painting every day for one month based on the theme of the mountain and the moon. The mountain wasn't a specific landform--it was from within. "I just identified with i t somehow. A f riend said, 'what 's the name of ~~ ~••<ain' and I didn'< know. I g•••• i< <•~•• out that it's me ... It was something that took a long time. I wanted to change my name to that and that's partly what the piece is about. ~hat's my art name and poetry name. That's my real name (Mountain)'' Marlene is not interested in selling any of her work. Seldom does sbe paint a ' single ' painting. Mostly, her paintings are in a series of 20 to 40 pictures which need to be displayed together. In asking Marlene how a ' series' develops, she offered, "For the "stamp" series, I did a sketch in my sketchbook of a little perforated thing •.• ! don't know where the image was ••• and then all of a S1.1dden i t was a series. And t he alphabet just 'popped' out so I don't know if there is a process. You have to 'go' with it, you know." Marlene's work and scope extend far beyond her own personal realm. She in particular speaks to women and their sense of wellbeing . "Women need," she insists, "to develop a collection of positive images with which to enrich their art as well as their psyche. For me, reference to the mountain and the moon as female is a necessary element in building an aesthetic vocabulary as well as personal identification . Women have a tremendous amount of underlying texture from which to draw, but due to distortion, inversion and removal of archetypes, we haves long journey of rediscovery and reclamation." ' :;; .! . .. . " i.. ~ ~ " BENEATH THE SACRED GROVE Harlene envisions a return of the Mother Goddess qualities , both on a personal and a social scale . This return which she feels is happening ("I feel I'm in the revolution, even out here") is more a process of "searching for rather than giv!!!s .!!.P.· No doubt, though , there-must be a certiiTn amount of sifting and sorting, declining and accepting, and balancing. There are many more concepts to discover and to embrace than there are to negate." "I feel", Marlene continues,"it 's quite valid to call specific attention to what women create ..• I'd say it' s very necessary until there is a truer under s tanding of female sensibilities and her offerings--and, beyond that, of individuality. Today's woman has much to offer and, I feel, has an obliga tion to give voice. Adrienne Rich aptly says, ' Women have often felt insane when cleaving to the truth of our experience. Our future depends on the sanity of each of us, and we have a profound stake, beyond the personal, in the project of describing our reality as candidly and fully as we can to each other'." Marlene ' s journey of personal inner healing s uggests an approach towards a wider community healing where visions, dreams and sensations prompt us towards health. Her organic imagery of mountain, moon , roots , rock, s leep, sac red grove ..... and of heslinQ , entering , passing throu gh .. . remind us that , we a r e all roo t ed deepl y i n t he natural proce~ '\fiN-; -- M.M. S J. H. _'\L_ © ~v " 0 KATUAH : ~ eg~,e 8 ii ~ ex c<JW Winter 1985-86 - HA ~ �"This is Heresy! HOLISTIC HEALING ON TRIAL "The Constitution of this Republic should make special provision for Medical Freedom as well as Religious Freedom . . . To restrict the art of healing to one class of men (people), and deny equal privileges to others will constitute the Bast1lle of medical science. All such laws are unAmerican Md despotic." -Be.n.jamht RU6h, M.V., SW!fJe.on Geneltlll 06 the. U.S. AlurilJ 6 a 6.lgneJL 06 the. Vec.ftvta,Uon 06 1nde.pe.n.de.nc.e. [7745-1813) "Backed by vast sums of money and the intellectual prestige of great universities, decked in all the trappings of modern laboratory science, and supported by an impressive record of clinical success, allopathic medicine exerts an influence on our lives and thinking equal to that of law and religion. So dominant is it that many of its adherents are surprised to learn that other systems of treatment even exist." -AndJtew WeU, M. V., .&t h.l6 boola He..alih 6 ~: UndeJr..6.tancWtg ~o ~ Mecac:Lne. - AU.e11.na.:ti.ve In a scene more reminiscent of the Salem witch trials or the Spanish Inquisition than the informed and enlightened l980' s, Dr. George Guess of Asheville appeared Dec. 2 for a hearing before the N.C. Medical Licensing Review Board on a charge that his practice of homeopathic medicine conflicted with his orthodox practice of family medicine . Three other physicians-Dr. John Laird MD of Leicester, NC; Dr. Logan Pobertson, MD of Canton and Asheville; and Dr. Ted Rozema, MD of Landrum, SChave also been threatened with loss of their medical licenses for practicing chelation therapy with their standard orthodox techniques. The unfortunate result of this investigation may be the loss of valuable health services to our communities and the loss of our right to choose medical treatment that meets our needs. These four men are sincere, canpetent practioners devoted to the ideal of healing others the most effective way they can. But even being called before the Medical Licensing Review Board brings their intentions and abilities into question. The four physicians have already been pressured by their medical insurance ~ompanies into dropping their malpractice insurance. George Guess, M.n., D.Ht . received his medical training at the Medical College of Virginia and Southern Illinois University. He was licensed as an M.D. in 1978. Soon after entering family practice, he realized KArUAH - page 9 the shortcomings of allopathic medicine. Be discovered that attaining broad knowledge, experience, and sensitivity to choose the appropriate technique for treatment offered the most benefit to the sick. Following these ideals he studied at the International Foundation for Homeopathy, completing their postgraduate course in 1980. Since then he has studied intensively with the renowned George Vithoullu!s of the Athenian Center of Homeopathic Medicine in Athens, Greece. In addition to his private practice in Katuah, Dr. Guess has also served on the board of directors of the National Center for Homeopatt.y and as convener for the National Council for Homeopathic Education. He is a diplomate of the American Board of Bomeotherapeutics and a member of the American Institute of Homeopathy, as well. "Homeopathy," be says, "is a 200year-old science of healing that utilizes the healing properties inherent in naturally-derived products to stimulate the body's defensive mechanisms to overcome disease symptoms. "The homeopathic physician utilizes non-toxic, gentle substances adminiscered according to the 'law of similars', which states that 'like is cured by like' (or that bodily symptoms are cured by natural substances which produce similar effects). "A focal point for the homeopathic physician is the uniqueness of the individual patient. Typically, before focussing on local symptoms, such as ulcers or arthritis, the homeopath concerns him/herself with the total psycho-physical (mental, emotional, and physical) state of the patient. "It is hoped as an end result of homeopathic treatment that health is restored gently, speedily, and permanently." At the recent hearing, Dr. Guess spent a grueling 8 hours defending his practice . The hearing evolved into a basic introduction to the principles of homeopatlrl.c medicine. At one point a board member, impatient with Dr. Guess's car eful and complete descriptions of how he treated his patients, lamented, "You ' re losing me, I really must go on to something else. I know you understand what you are saying, but I don't." Throughout the hearing the Medical Review Board displayed a total ignorance of the basis and the techniques of homeopathic medicine, raising the question that perhaps the Medical Board is not qualified to judge a method they know nothing about. CHELATION THERAPY Dr. John Laird, founder and director of the Great Smokies Medical Center in Leicester, NC , is another holistic healer threatened by the II Tho cadu.c~1.1•. the phr•icbft'• abln1 n .. •111bot of .flnak._ cc.e• fta. • pr•Hd lanlc 1n1ke cult and oracle of ancient Ct•..C•. hur taken ov•t by the cult of M.c Jeplo1 1 vho h conaide:red the patTon of at'dlclne. Medical Review Board for his practice of chelation therapy. Laird describes this technique as "an intravenous therapy of prescription medicines and nutritional supplements that is known to inhibit degenerative symptoms in the body, such as hardening of the arteries, arthritis, and such." Dr. Laird graduated with honors from Dartmouth College in 1969 and Dartmouth Medical School in 1976. He ·worked in the MAHEC Family Medicine Residency Program in Asheville before starting the Great Smokies Clinic. He now specializes in nutritional and preventative medicine. Be has directed a variety of national and international symposia on holistic approaches to health care. In addition, be lectures to both health professionals an.d the non-medical public. He is a founder and the executive director of the Raphaelite Institute, as well as a member of the Amer ican Holistic Medical Association and the American Academy of Medical Preventics. In assessing the dis-ease of the orthodox medical establishment, Dr. Laird looks first within himself. "I ask what I ' ve done to draw them into my life. Part of my response is to understand inwardly what is going on, and the other part is to try to figure out a way to reconcile the situation, because we are all One. " In the course of all this, I've learned a lot about arrogance. We must express forgiveness without resentment so that we can be more free ourselves. The need of this age is tolerance and that is a function of the heart." intinued page 10) Winter 1985-86 �(continued from p. 9) Dr. Laird believes that there must be a recognition that both sides of this question have contributions to make . The quacks and the unscrupulous charlatans will always be with us, and Laird maintains that there is a place for an impartial panel of experts to defend medical ethics and to set minimum standards to protect the public from imposters who would take advantage of people's debilities for personal gain. But these hear ings, with George Guess ' s careful and patient presentation on the one hand, and board members ' professed ignorance on the other, calls into question the competency of the Medical Boar:! of Re· view more than the abilities of the physicians called before it. At present, the Board is composed solely of licensed physicians who are nominated by the North Carolina Medical Society, except for one lay member who is appointed by the governor. "The Board should be protective, but not exclusive", says Dr. Laird. The scope and techniques of medical practice are expanding at an everaccelerating rate. The breakthroughs in healing will come from those who dare to pioneer new approaches and new techniques. It would be a positive step to have the Medical Licensing Reiew Board be composed of vell-educated, unbiased physicians familiar with lternative techniques of healing as ell as allopathic medicine. The oard ' s composition could be balanced to include practitioners of alternative medicine to better evaluate the merits of different methods of nonconventional healing. Ever since medical licensing was initiated in England in the 17th century, the procedure has been used to maintain the hegemony of the practititioners of allopathic medicine. That system has such a str ong hold on the JOHN LAIRD, MO minds and belief of the people of today, that medical associations have taken on the nature and trappings of a priesthood that will brook no challenge to its authority. But it apparently is time for a change. 88 people attended a meeting at the Unity Church in Arden, NC cal.led to discuss "Medical Freedom of Choice". Chad O'Shea, church minister, sai that he plans to convene a larger meeting at UNC-Asheville somettme during the winter to present a panel of speakers representing both sides of the alternative medicine issue. "Our basic attitude," said O'Shea, "is: 'Let's get together and share some understanding. Let's look at the facts' . "I think that some people's preoccupation with money and material things has blinded them to some wonderful medical methods that they perhaps should be not only supporting, but maybe practicing as well! "For instance, in the view of the A.M.A., heart by-pass surgery is seen as an acceptable risk, even though it is known that 2 out of 100 patients die on the operating table. It is estimated that there will be 200,000 to 300,000 heart by-pass operations next year. That means that there will be 4,000 - 6,000 fatalities outright as a consequence of this technique. "That is not necessarily bad in itsel f. Yet chelation therapy, which bas not been known to harm anyone, and which bas done a lot of good for a lot of people, is not acceptable to the A.M.A .. ~ is that? "We need to explore hard questions like this one and bring them into the light of day." �A QUEST FOR CHEROKEE MYTHIC PLACES· By Douglas A. Rossman Many European-Americans, long separated both physically and spiritually from their own mythological roots, may find it difficult to comprehend how mythically alive the American landscape has been--<>nd, to some extent, still is--to Native Americans. When the famous ethnologist James Mooney made his collection of Ea.s tern Cherokee myths and legends just before the turn of the century, more than fifty of the stories were associated with specific locations in North Carolina, Tennessee, and Georgia. Mooney's classic publication, Myths of The Cherokee (1900) , provided detailed descriptions of these locations but included a photograph of only one of them, Nikwasi Mound, in Franklin, North Carolina. I first read Mooney's book in the late 60's, was fascinated by the stories, and longed to see the settings in which they had come into existence. The lack of time, finances, and adequate camera equipment prevented me from pursuing my personal quest in other than a sporadic and incidental fashion until 1983 , by which time it had occurred to me that other people in the region-both residents and visitors--might enjoy seeing and benefiting from learning about the significance of those mythic sites that could still be visited. Thus was born the idea for Where Legends Live : A Pictorial Guide to Cherokee Mythic Places. Subsequently the project acquired a principal photographer, William E. Sanderson, and an illustrator, Nancy-Lou Patterson. Bill, a former graduate student of mine, shared my interest in Cherokee culture, and Nancy-Lou, herself the author of a book on Canadian native art, had previously illustrated my dictionary of Norse mythology, The Nine Worlds (1983). How to present the Cherokee Names for the sites and the mythical beings associated with them posed a real problem. Cherokee was not a written language until the early 1800's when the brilliant mind of Sequoyah devised an alphabet of 85 letters to rep- FORT MOUNTAIN STATE PARK, GA. . WH ITESIDE MOUNTAIN, N.C. i 0 resent the sounds of spoken Cherokee. This system is, unfortunately, unintelligible to readers of English, for whom Cherokee names have inevitably been rendered phonetically . Over the years a number of phonetic systems have been used (same without explanation) , but no standard usage has been established . I decided to go straight to the source, so to speak, and was extremely fortunate to obtain the generous cooperation of Cherokee linguist Robert Bushyhead. He converted the names given by Mooney into the phonetic system devised by Bushyhead and Bill Cook, veri£ied or modified the translations of the names given by Mooney, and provided translations for the "ames not translated by Mooney. Ris patience, enthusiasm , and good humor were a delight and an inspiration, and the results of his efforts adtt inuneasurably to the usefulness of the book. It is a measure of Mooney's thoroughness a.nd preciseness that I was able to approximate the locations of the sites on detailed topographic maps and subsequently go to these places and find something that fit the appropriate description. In several instances involving sites in or near Cherokee, North Carolina, I was able to verify the locations with either Robert Bushyhead or Tom Onderwood, a lifelong resident of the area and a student of Cherokee culture. For Bill Sanderson and myself, the quest for mythic sites did not prove to be a routine, dispassionate cataloguing of spots on a map. Like all true quests,ours had internal as well as external dimensions, and the places we experienced and the people we met in our search for the sites contributed to our own spiritual growth. Despite the disappearances of many sites beneath TVA lakes and the alteration of some by still other manifestations of "progress", several of the places we visited still possess the ability to arouse in a receptive visitor the sense of (continued next page) Winter 1985-,86 �CHEROKEE MYTHIC PLACES being in the presence of sooething outside the ordinary. 1 most vividly recall the visits to Fort Mountain --home of the great Uktena-in the path of an approaching thunderstorm; T!!llSsee Bald- -home of the slant-eyed giant Tsulkala-in early spring with the golden leaves crunching underfoot; and Pilot Mountain--home of K.anati and Selu, the thunder and corn spirits, respectively--with a golden eagle soaring past the summit in the crisp October wind to help (continued from previous page) celebrate "Creation Day." It seems almost inevitable that such places would have myths connected with them. Cherokee mythology has its share of monsters and none is associated with more places than the Uktena, the giant horned (antlered?) serpent that bears a magical crystal-the Uluhsati -- on its head. There seem to have been many different individual uktenas, but the greatest of them lived in the Cohutta mountains of north-central Georgia, apparently at the site of ULUHTU, THE SPEARFINGER present-day Fort Mountain State Park. One of the longest and most complex of the Cherokee myths concerns a "search and destroy" mission directed toward this particular serpent. The ensuing events are briefly swmnarized in~ Legends Live: "Only one man is known to have succeeeded in killing an Uktena and securing the magic crystal. He was a war captive of the Cherokee, a great Shawnee conjurer named Oganunitsi. The Cherokee were going to kill him, but they released him when be pledged to seek out and secure the Uluhsati. He searched the entire length of the Great Smokies and beyond, encountering a series of giant reptileR, amphibians, and fishes along the way, but it wasn' t until he reached Cohutta Mountain . • • that he finally found the Uktena be had been seeking. Oganunitsi built a circular trench in the mountainside, set fire to the pine cones encircling the trench, and then shot an arrow into the seventh spot on the body pattern of the Uktena, which had been sleeping on the mountaintop. He evaded the rush of the mortally wounded serpent and leaping beyond the fire and trench, was protected from the stream of venom spewed out by the Oktena in its death throes. After seven days had passed, the birds of the forest had stripped the carcass so completely that only the Oluhsati remained. Oganunitsi carried the magic crystal back to the Cherokee, who were said by Mooney to still have it in their possession as recently as 1890. " The 855 foot-long rock wall that meanders across the southern face of Fort Mountain does not fit the description of the circular trench within which Oganunitsi took refuge, but some of the larger "gunpits" along the wall might. Although the surviving version of the myth relates that the birds consumed the dead Uktena's bones as well as its flesh, this seems unlikely and one wonders if, in an earlier version, the wall might not have represented the giant snake's skeleton. The serpentine wall does remind one somewhat of the Great Serpent mound in Ohio. No sampling of Cherokee mythical monsters is adequate that fails to mention the infamous Utluhtu, or Spearfinger; a shape changer who usually appeared in the form of an old woman. Utluhtu had a long, bony forefinger on her right hand with which she would stab and extract the liver from her unsuspecting victim, often a child who saw her only as a kindly old grand- --- - - Wint_!?r )..98!)-86 �mother. Frequently the victim was unaware his liver had been stolen until he began to weaken for no apparent reason, and by then his death was inevitable. Spearfinger wande.ed far and wide through Cherokee country, but her favorite haunts seem to be the Nantahala Gorge and near the Little Tennessee River, where it passes around tbe foot of Chilowee Mountain. On one occasion, to make her travels easier, she started to build a bridge of rocks up through the sky from Tree Rock on the Hiwassee River to Whiteside Mountain. She bad the job well underway when lightning shattered the bridge, breaking off it's foundation on the western end of Whiteside Mountain. Apparently, the thunders had taken offense at Spearfinger's bridge, or her behavior in general, or both. The Cherokee eventually trapped and killed Spearfinger, but the mythwise traveler still glances uneasily over his shoulder when passing through the Nantahala Gorge on a misty morning. Or perhaps what he senses is the shadowy presence of the inchworm-like Uwtsuhta serpent as it stretches from one rim of the gorge to the other. Not all mythic creatures that threaten mankind are earthbound. The Tlanuwa is a giant falcon capable of carrying off a man, a deer, or even a bear. In Chattanooga and on the Little Tennessee River below Tallasee are cliffs where these huge birds were said to nest . These cliff faces are still marked with vertical white streaks that resemble nothing so much as bird droppings. Most of the other beings associated with the surviving mythic sites are more favorably disposed toward the Cherokee; for example: Tsulkala, the slant-eyed giant; Kanati and the other thunders; and the Nuhnehi, the usually invisible '"those who have always been here", who have a number of underground dwelling places throughout Cherokee country -- Blood Mountain, Shining Rock, and Pilot Mountain are the best known mountains that contain lodges of the Nuhnehi. Nikwasi Mound also contains one of their lodges and on one occasion, when the Cherokee were hard pressed by their enemies, the Nuhnehi emerged from the mound to rescue the Cherokee from their attackers. Nikwasi Mound is one of only three Cherokee mythic places to have been protected and identified with a marker. Kituhwa Mound* between Cherokee and Bryson City has not been KA'rfae - page 13 @ DOUGLAS A ROSSMAN so fortunate. Although it probably was once the principal ceremonial center of the Cherokee (the "People of Kituhwa" as they sometimes called themselves), repeated cultivation has eroded it very badly. Unless 16 lJOU. all.e. .i..nt:eJLU.te.d .(.n he.lp.i.ng steps are taken iDDDediately to pro.to .lde.n:ti.6y a.nd p11.o.te.c.t CheJLoke.e. 1ncii.an ha.Cl!.ed hilU .in t<a..tU.o.h , c.onto.c.t: tect what is left, the mound will Thoma.h Ra..ln Cltowe., c./o Ka..tUa.h , P.O.Box disappear altogether. I hope that 873, Cui.towhee., NC 28723 one of the things Where Legends Live might accomplish is to arouse sufficient local interest and concern that the "endangered" mythic sites/ . such as Ki tuhwa Mound can be saved . _,, * Kituhwa is another spelling of Katu~. THE UKTENA �\U' "' ..._ ,.,. --- .. �Esta'sai (pronounced es-TAB-say) was a beautiful young woman of the ancient Cherokee Indian people. She ~was a cheerful light among the people of her village , and many of the young men of her village , and from towns far away desired her, but she had thus far remained unmarried . ~ That was what was bothering her this day, and was why ~ she had come to a forbidden place to pick the berries to add to her dried pemmican. She wanted to be alone, and so she had come to the / ~ cliffs high above the Nantahala, the "river of the midday 1 o/ sun , " called thus because _the gorge was so deep and the cliffs so straight that the sun did not shine on the waters of the river until noon of the day. Somewhere, deep in that gorge, it was said, dwelled a fearsome creature, the uktena, a great snake with a horned head; massive jaws--;;ncasing huge , murderous fangs; • a great body covered with scales that glittered like fire ./.~ --impenetrable to spear or arrow, except for one small area on its seventh ring where its heart lay below a soft spot, the one flaw in its armor. The beast's breath was noisome and poisonous, and its eyesight was legendary. 1 / It was from its keen sight that the monster derived its name, uktena,"it examines closely ". OntiieC°reature's head was a huge, transparent quartz crystal, the Ulunsu'ti, the greatest of its kind, of which it was said it would bring wisdom, foresight, and great power to whomever possessed it. The crystal had such power that no human's mind could stand before , it, and whomever beheld the stone was drawn to it, wheth&j er by desire or enchantment, like a moth to a flame. The bottom of the river gorge was littered with the bones of hunters and conjurers who had attempted to kill the uktena to win the Ulunsu'ti talisman for themselves. k{j All this Esta' sai knew, but she had never met anyone r who had actually seen the uktena,and , in truth, she only half believed the stories herself, although she had heard them many times from old ones around the winter fires. ~ The stories did not trouble her that day, for she ~ was young, the sun was bright , and her heart was disturbed by thoughts of romance. "I am as silly as a ten- year-old girl , " she thought , aimlessly flipping a few berries into her bark basket. "Alitak 'wa , (pronounced ah-lee-TAK-wah) the strongest, ,- most handsome, and bravest young warrior of our village, seeks me out, and I turn away from him with foolish /11. words of dreams and visions that I have seen in my sleep" She remembered him I panting hot and amorously into her ear as he spoke, and she bad pulled her fur wrap more closely about her and turned demurely away. ~ "No," she had said. "In a dream I saw myself married · to a white-headed man, not to you." '1: "You mock me!" he had shouted, recoiling as if he had been struck. Although be had said nothing more, she knew, /}1. as he whirled and stalked away, that he had almost lost ~control of the passion and anger within him. "Why did I say that?" her mind wondered . "The words were out before I could think. They were a great insult ft: to a young brave. ~:fr "t would have had much prestige as the wife of such a warrior, one who maybe would later be a war chief in the village." ~ But in her heart, Esta'sai knew she did not desire ~ ! ,, --- A, •r "r 4.~ the warrior Alitak'wa. Re tolas overbearing and haughty, and it seemed that all he could talk about were his own grandiose exploits. "But , " argued her mind , "the nice things be would bring you ... " Suddenly she was oppressed by the sun's brightness , the heat of the day , and the war going on in her own body . She stamped her foot and gave a snort of disgust. Over her shoulder she heard a chuckle , and from behind a rock glided the lit he figure of Alitak'wa , Esta'sai spun around to face him . The sun gleamed on his body. Re was beautiful , to be sure, but the smile on his face u, was twisted and ugly . ~~ "So the young doe begins to feel some passion for her buck," he said insinuatingly, as he slowly came closer. "No!" she said firmly. Her fear gave strength to her words. "I told you last night, and I tell you again: there is nothing between us . " "In a moment," he said , "there will be nothing between us, for one way or another, I am going to have you. I came to you honorably, and you have tarnished my honor and my reputation. Now I am going to have my way." "No," she repeated, stepping away . "Someone will find out. Someone will know. You will be punished," "There is no one here to know." Ris body was trem'f bling as he stepped toward her again. "No, no." Tears came to her eyes as she shrank away· from him. Her foot felt nothingness. To her horror she realized she was at the brink of the cliff. The world went white and swam before her eyes . "No-o-ol" she shrieked, and threw herself backwards, away from his clutching hands. Esta'sai braced herself for the crushing pain of impact, but strangely enough , it did not come, The cliff walls grew darker and darker around her , until she could see nothing, and it seemed like she was falling through ~ a dream. Time slowed. Her body felt weightless. I t seemed 1-fj that she would fall eternally. Ber reverie was jarred by a sudden splash! into chill ing water. But instead of the hard stones of a shallow ;f j river bottom that she expected, Esta' sai felt herself go- ~ ing deeper and deeper into the waters of a seemingly bottomless pool. Her mind rebelled. It was impossible for such a deep pool to be in the shallow river bed. But by lft instinct her body kicked and struggled upwards until she ~ bA �reached of air. t~ surface, panting, faint from shock and lack now, withholding nothing. "I am out of my time. I am the last of my line, and I know my doom is near, so I am going to tell you of my She looked about her. It seemed as if she had fallen kind that it may serve to guide your species, which has into a different time, mournful and darkened by the shadcome to be dominant upon the Earth in this age." J~ ows of a gloomy past. She looked upwards. Framed in the In her mind Esta'sai felt a comnand to remain silent. ~narrow slit between the sheer walls, she could see the She listened. light of her own world. It was unreachable to her now , ''1 am but a shadow of the greatness of my kind. Long , but it was still a comfort to see. Somehow, inexplicably, long ago, before 'time' was, even, my ancestors, the deep in the bright blue sky of full day, a single star dragons, the greatest and most glorious creatures ever to 71 shown brightly. live in this realm of being, swam and played in the eleThe sight gave Esta'sai hope. The slow current carments. At that time the elements were three: air, fire, ried her against huge rocks, and she clung to one and and water~and the dragons were the center. ~i lay across it gasping. Weakened and exhausted, she slept. "The world was unformed then. There were no tides or 'f' In her sleep the single star still hung before her vision. directions by which to order the world. The dragons were She was awakened by a low rumbling like thunder. She themselves, but they kept the sense of everything within thought she could still see the star before her eyes , themselves. It was through them that the world continued ~ but then it began to wobble and sway as if it were movto exist. The world was theirs, and they were free to fly ~ ing slowly, ponderously , toward her. The cavern walls through the swirling winds, dive into boomed, and Esta'sai realized that she was in the presence fettered oceans, and bathe and play in the surging, unfree-burning of the ~· Her eyes were riveted by the shining crysfire." tal in the monster's forehead. She could not take her gaze off of it. The creature's presence filled her mind. She had The uktena's gaze withdrew behind its heavy-lidded eyes. Its voice grew distant. ~~o~::~ses. Her own mind was laid bare to its probing "They were magnificent to behold. Their every moveA ment and their very being was an expression of freedom. ~ She could smell the uktena's foul breath. She could They were greater, indescribably greater, and brighter, o/ feel its strange, alien nature and the blood of the many humans it had devoured. Yet, through all the loathing she indescribably brighter, than I. It is impossible to tell how they were, for they could change their aspect as need instinctively felt, Esta'sai was drawn to the creature, or desire arose. In the fires they would blaze brilliant ~ not only by the power of the Ulunsu'ti stone, but also by ed !fa sense of aloneness so deep i t had become a part of the r and orange, rising up huge over the flames. They ~· 9 very being. Esta'sai, born and reared in the prowould become long and slender, shimmering blue and green tective circle of the tribe , always among her friends and in their scales as they knifed through the waters. They _a kin, felt a pang of sadness in her heart for the solitude could disappear into the skies in the lightest and pur~ the uktena had endured . est of blues, or they could stand out sharply as a rain, 'fiie"iiiOnster dragged itself near her. Its great head bow of bold colors arcing through the realm of the winds. ~ loomed over her, blocking out the surface world. The Ulun''I can imagine it: the sheer delight of my ancestors, & au 'ti sparkled in the darkness of the chasm. The colors dancing among elements that were completely wild and un~ Ofthe uktena 's thoughts swam hypnotically in the intertamed except for their unifying presence. They breathed ior of the great stone , binding Esta'sai's attention. the living dragon-fire, the breath of life for all of She stood slack-jawed, staring at the jewel, not even creation. noticing the uktena 's breath, hot and rank, curling about "In each of the dragons, the elemental knowledge of her body like smoke. The great serpent slithered nearer the world was joined, and therefore they knew everything to her until its bead was quite close , and it scrutinized in its purest form. Thus, I am able to know everything in her closely with one baleful red eye--an eye that was this world, even as you do now, because everything is but cold, calculating, and completely amoral. The uktena a combination and a transmutation of these basic elements. hung its massive head over a huge boulder and iitiir';;(i at "That is why the dragons were aware that they were the maiden for a long time, as if looking into her bringing about the downfall of their race even as they thoughts. Then , almost casually, it lifted one of its wer~ accomplishing it. scales with one of the four long and deadly claws on its "Their life-principle was the dragon-fire. It burned .~right foreleg and scratched its own leathery skin, prowithin them, and was also their breath--shooting out in ducing a drop of blood so red it was almost luminous in magnificent streams of flame. Instinctively the dragons the shadowy pit. The uktena reached forward and touched knew that their fire and the water should not mix, but if the reddened claw to her lips. they flew low over the waters and shot down a burst of Instantly Esta'sai's head was alive with visions , fire like a lightning bolt from the sky, they would feel strange sights, sounds, and sensations that flitted by a shock of intense, ecstatic energy that coursed through so rapidly they made her head swim: great winged creatheir bodies as the connection was made. It was sheer tures of beautiful, shining colors cavorting in the pleasure, satisfying and fulfilling. Every part of their skies; the rush of wind, the touch of cloud; red volbeing was renewed , and they would scream and moan with canoes; pain, violence, and the stench of burning delight. They knew that this was the beginning of their flesh; and strangest of all, she could hear all the own decline, but that was not a time for limits, for that voices of her own world, distant yet iamediate, all at was no 'time' at all, and limits were unknown. once and yet each distinctly--rabbits thumping in their "So it had to be. 'The seed that brings to birth burrows ; the hawk calling to its mate; grass stretching contains its own destruction,' it is said. Yet, if things upwards in the sunlight; tree roots penetrating ever had not been exactly so, the dragons might have continued deeper into the earth; and the quiet, even song of the to evolve in harmony with the world, and maybe the dominriver flowing through its bed~all these and everything ant species now would have been beautiful, enormous dragelse she heard and knew. She was not surprised in looking on-creatures ... " into the serpent's red eye that she knew it as well. The uktena's eyes glowed like embers for an instant, "Yes-s-s," the creature's sibilant votce spoke in the Ulunsu'ti flashed a defiant red and then faded. her mind, although its mouth did not move, "the uktena"But it could not be so. For the stars are different sense is yours now. You are connected to us who are--th'e now, and the dragons have been bound like the other ele4:1 very roots of the Earth, and through us to everything ments of the world. of the Earth." The voice was even and unsentimental. If For when the living fire of the dragons touched the there was any pain in its loneliness, the creature had waters, it created a new element and new forms of 1 tie mastered it completely . never before seen in the world. A new chain of evolution "They say among those of your race that an uktena was begun. always speaks truly, but it only tells what it ~its "Invisible at first, this new life wave spread. As it istener to know, and there is always a purpose behind spread, it began to coalesce. And as it came together, ~ the telling. This is true, but I speak plainly to you the new element did what had never been done before: it 4.1 ~-"'~~~~ -~ ~~. ~ ~ -~~~' ~--~--~~ ~ �-~>< ~~~- found its own center and began to define a shape. "First, there was a p1ace to stand, aod then there was something standing there. Something huge, dark, and forbidding--doom for the wise, shining dragons. It was the first of the giants. The element earth was present in the world, aod the giants were the embodiment orrt. "There was enmity between the Biants and the dragons immediately. It was unavoidable. The sight of the bri1liant dragons pained and blinded the giants, so recently emerged from the depths of the waters. The dragon-fire touching the water jolted them with a painful shock, so they would strike out in fear and anguish. When one happened to hit a dragon , that creature would scorch him with a blast of hot fire or rake hill with its claws. In this way , struggle against the dragons became a part of the giants' very nature. ''As soon as they could stand upright, the giants would pick up rocks of the new-made earth and throw them at the dragons. At first they were clumsy, and their eyesight was poor, so they could not see where they were aiming. But they acclimated rapidly to their conditions. Their enmity for the dragon race was the impetus for their evloution. "Evolution," the uktena continued, "demands the presence of time, and so the idea of limits came into the world. The limiting factor for the dragons was the giants. Their blind flailing grew more deadly, and in time they picked up the stone clubs that later --carved , fashioned, and even crudely decorated~ became so much a part of them that they were almost extensions of their stony bodies. "They would stand waist-deep in the oceans and knock the glittering dragons from the skies. Eventually, they built themselves continents to stand and move about on. "They could never k:Ul the dragons. The dragon's immortality is too strong for that. Their primordial minds are linked with the basic elements of the world, and if the dragons should die, this world would disintegrate until new elements of life appear in the cosmos. "But the giants did bring down the beautiful flying creatures. They turned the Earth into a prison for the dragons. They put them in deep holes, covered them over with earth, and sealed them with the power of their earth spirit. The mountains of today outline the sinuous dragon forms buried below. But the life-giving dragonfire is inexhaustible. It sti11 burns, even today , in the depths of the Earth, I t turns the plain rock into caverns of beautiful jewels. It flows through the Earth into all things that live, and the dragon's mountain sepulchers are places of special power. "Sometimes water flows to the surface from sources so deep that it is warmed by the dragon-fires and comes from the Earth hot to the touch. This water has special healing and rejuvenating powers, because it has been touched by the vitalizing dragon-fire . 'Other water carries a sulphurous, fiery taste, and in other places the Earth herself is on fire deep underground. "The giants passed on in their time, never knowing why they acted as they did or of their role in the evolution of the world, But they prepared the land for the spirits that inhabit it today, and now it is the time of the humans. "The old ones of your people knew the Earth power that comes from the dragons, and they revered my ancestors. In those times the northern star, the center of the sky, was in the eye of the dragon constellation. Things are different now, different influences are abroad, and the people have forgotten. "I am just a shadow of the great ones who were before me. Centuries of enmity and loathing have turned me into this creature who lives in the dark, shadowy places of the world, resembling some worm more than my own ancestors, the dragons of old, who sailed the free winds." The uktena spoke flatly, without bitterness. 11 0ne of your kind is coming soon to kill 1te. He will rip the Ulunsu'ti from my forehead. It is a11 over. I go now to Gahuti (Cohutta Mountain) to meet him. They will never know how things might have been. We will never meet in council between our races. Never will chosen leaders among the humans tsste the uktena blood, as you have done, and know the secret lives of the things of the world." The monster spat , and its spittle landed on a rock and sizzled as it burned a hole into its core. ''The mind of the human species is a circle, just as the world is a circle, and the combined mind of the human race encompasses the being of the world, just as the mind of an individual dragon encompassed all its world. So you join together and live in tribes to make your prayers stronger and to gain a wider understanding among you , and it is good for you to do this. "There is another change being made which will be evident to you soon, but it is not clearly defined as yet. It is not for you to know �DAVID WHEELER Drawings by ROGER STEPHENS �ocigi.nal drawta.a by lichard Cicc.ar·e.111 Q.WVLtz CJt.yi..tai..6 a11.e. 6owu:C heJte. .in Ka.ta.ah and had an. .i.mpoltto.n..t plac.e. .in tlte. myt.h and i. p.ilt.l;tual .U6e. o6 tlte. na.t.<.ve. pe.ople. heJte.. The. CheJtoke.e. me.d-i.c-i.n.e. pe.ople., who had a t.tlt.ong IWVl.e.ne.u and a clot. e. k.ini. ILi.p wUh ;th. e. poweM and e.n eJtg.lu o 6 .th.l6 a11.e.a., ui. e.d .the.m e.x.te.ni..i.vel.y .ln CeJte.mon.lu 6011. c.le4M.lng, he.a.Ung, and cUv.lna.t.<.on. The. poweJt 06 CJt.yi..tai..6 .l-6 t..tlU ava4.a.ble. .to u.i. .toda.y. Tapp.lng t.h.a..t poweJt dou not 1r.e.qu..iAe. i.pe.ciJLt .tlr.a..ln.lng oJt h.ldde.n, uo.teJl..lc knowte.dge.. It t..i.mply 1r.e.qu..iAu .tu. .lng" - be.com.lng n 6am.iU.alt wUh a CJtqhta.l and ope.n.lng to ,(,U, 11.neJtg.i.U • 11 Quartz crystals are a natural formation resulting from a combination of silicon dioxide and oxygen atoms forming a solid unit of light. Clear quartz has a natural ability to resonate with other crystalline structures that can enhance the function of the human body, restoring natural balance. Quartz is considered the stone of the White Light and the First Ray and can serve better than any other mineral for balance and healing. They remove blocks in energy fields and can be used in areas where negativity has congested the atmosphere. Crystals clear the way with light. Used in meditation and healing, crystals can bring on change by their interaction with the psychi.c centers of our beings. The crystal has an effect on the physical body as its subtle electrical energy vibrates with the electrical pulses of the body structure. CLEANSING A crystal must be cleansed before being used. The simplest method is to place the crystal in an uncontaminated, free-running stream for seven days. Another method is to make a solution of one cup of sea salt, one cup of cider vineg'ar, and one gallon of spring or distilled water. Soak the crystal in this solution for ten . minutes of more. Use only as much solution as needed and reserve the rest for another time. "Charging" a crystal will advance the frequency of the crystal and allow the keeper to achi.eve goals that the mind bas yet to discover. When a planet moves into the area of 26 degrees from any zodiac sign, a galactic activation for the crystal can take place. Check an ephemeris to find when the Sun or other planets are at 26 degrees. Tllis degree marks a frequency centered by cosmic law. The energy of the Sun is used for magnification, so the Sun's midpoint in the sky (noon) is the best time for charging a crystal. Knowing that the entire life force of this planet depends of the energy coming directly from the Sun, one will see the significance of charging crystals during the Sun's midheaven. An hour is a good length of time to leave the crystal to the Sun ' s energy. After the process . is complete, bring the crystal indoors and wrap it in a soft, dark, cotton cloth. sew ENERGY Crystallography is a culmination of a variety of sciences all interwoven. The 26 degree galactic activation point not only relates to the angles of a crystal in its molecular structuring but also to the dynamic point of the galactic center. This in itself displays a triangle effect, and capturing that pattern in the crystal will allow the crystal to emanate a standing columnar wave (SCW) energy. It is believed that the technology of Atlantis was based on the use of SCW energy, as opposed to the technology of today which is based on the Rertzian wave. Wind funnels, elec~rical storms, cyclones, and tornadoes are all examples of SCW energy patterns. Much of the electrical phenomena of the human body, such as brain waves and nerve impulses, are also forms of sew energy. When using crystals for healing, color and sound can be incorporated into the stones to focus energy on a certain area of the body, particularly the spinal chakras. The healing potential of charged crystals can be maximized when color and sound are added to the program. The following is a method used to program a crystal for a specific purpose in the healing arts. Other methods of progr amming will come to one who opens the imagination to the possibilities of crystals. Take a set of seven crystals , and place them one at a time in a pyramidal structure at the verg negatif , the area known as the " king ' s chamber" . This is the point of highest concentration of sew energy . Use seven colored transpar encies in a proj ector or affixed to a desk lamp to power the seven crystals . As each crystal is lit , sound the note that relates to that color. The harmonics of a guitar or the sound of a flute work well . PRIMARY MUSICAL NOTE COLORS CllAKRA red root c orange spleen D yellow solar plexus E green heart F blue throat G indigo brow A violet crown B Each crystal should receive three to five minutes of color and sound programndng. Done daily for seven days, this will insure that total mergence of all the frequencies has taken place. Once a set of seven crystals is completed, wrap them indiVidually in dark cotton cloths, using colored thread to code each wrapped crystal. By attaching a string to each crystal with silicon glue, they can be used as pendulums to heal by opening and closing the energy centers. Use the crystal corresponding to the chakra and hold it over the energy center, allowing it to become filled with the heali.ng frequency from the crystal. PRAYER AND MEDITATION Quartz crystals may also be used to advantage in prayer and meditation. Crystals have a propensity to bend light rays to a bO degree angle, so a triangle of light can be constructed using three quartz crystals, all facing the same direction. Focus can be placed on the triunal formation by establishing a connection between the mind ' s eye, the light center, and a Visualization of the projected thought. The possible uses for quar tz are limitless. It would appear t hat the quart z crystal is an opening door to a new dimension in consciousness . Through it one can see the many facets of exist ence and per haps discover the secr ets frozen in its light . -excerpted from the bookl et Quartz Crystals and Other Gemstones by Diannah Beauregard �;,_ I\ I• I '. WHAT MAKES A PLACE SACRED Thi.6 .i.66ue.' l> "Good Me.cli.c.i.ne." .U. e.xeJtpte.d 6Mm a lUteJt we. Ae.ce..lve.d 6Jtom a .tll.ad.U.iona.l CheJtoke.e. .li.v.lng ht Ka.tifuh to the. U.S. F011.ut SeJtv.i.ce. conc.e.Jmi.ng theht plan6 60Jt c.letlll.-c.utl> and t.i.mbeJr. l>a.le.l> .i.n Me.al> aJLOund Ata.11.ka Fa.U.6 and the. Raven C.li.6 66 ht the. Cowee. c.omrrKJ.ni,ty 06 Mac.on County, N.C. I'd like to say when I look at a tree I see it as one of my own relations, and I se7 it's natural beauty, and I see it giving me the ve:y air that I breati:ie· I see a house in that tree, chairs and tools and firewood for cooking and heating. 'PG we all have many purposes, so does a tree . .And that's what makes things sacred. The Cherokee people traditional~y see the :iver~ and streams as living beings. With it we had life.Without it we had death .. So that entity or energy in that water that gives life we called a 'spirit'. 1\nything that has a spirit is alive.We call it the 'long human being' or the 'long person'. There are m~ny taboos about the river. That's the reason the rivers were clean and fresh when the non-Indians came here. The 'long human being's' head l~es i~ th7se mountains. 'JIB it rushes down the mountains, it gives power and life to all living things. The legs, the torso, the arms of ' the long human being' are diseased, but the head is still alive and reasonably disease free, due to the Forest Service and National Park Service . l\ATIJAH - page 20 What I would like to see, since we can't do much about the rest of the body, is to keep this part of the body healthy and strong. When the head dies, we all die. If all I have said does not explain why the head of the 'long human being' is sacred, then I don't understand the meaning of 'sacred ' , I look at it this way: The Indian people were placed in this land as caretakers . I think that the Indian people understood that and saw that as part of their purpose, or the Europeans would not have found such a bounty when they came here--a bounty based on their value systems. Now the Europeans are caretakers and a lot of our people have forgotten that purpose and only dwell on the wrongs that happen to them. I think that our purpose is quite clear: we are still c aretakers, but another burden has been placed upon us, and that 's to teach you to become caretakers. The area of the Alarka Falls ("Raven Falls" or "Kalanu Falls" ) and the waterfalls i tself are sacred to us; as are the Raven Cliffs ("Raven Place" or "Kalanun'yi"). Those places have been used for years beyond memory. The falls were used as plunging and fasting places . The Raven Cliffs was a place where bad stuff was taken, buried, or was sent there ... What makes these places sacred to us is their personality. 1\nd their personality is made up by physical structure: by the four leggeds, the two leggeds, the wingeds , the roots, the insects and water creatures. The combination of these things gives a place its personality. Ind then these personalities sometimes attract spirits, which have their 'personality.' When people practice medicine and they need a certain personality to use in healing ceremonies, conjuring, or just to help the People, all the things above make this place sacred. /.lnd if you're a person that needs to bring something bad--a disease or the badness taken from someone and buried there--if you need to do the ceremonies that make this stuff stay here, and you go to this place and the personality which you sought is no longer there, because some of the medicine has been removed, where do you go then? There are fewer and fewer of these places for us to go. Our places are narrowing every day ... , Winter 1985-86 �REVIEW: By J. Linn Mackey Deep Ecology or Shallow Moralism? Deep Ecology:Living As If Nature Hattered:Bill Devall and George Sessions (Salt Lake City, Ut; Gibbs M. Smith, Inc.1985)$15.95 The very term Deep Ecology is apt to send shivers of anticipation throuRh the bre.ast of a bioregionalist. It seems to prollise to unite two bases which lie at the heart of the bioregional movement. One basis is the insight emerging from the science of ecology which informs our minds on both the dangers of a growth orientQd industr ial culture and points us toward a practice of how to live in harmony with the structure and process of nature of w hich we are a part. The second basis is a profound spiritual union with nature which deeply touches our intuition and hearts so that we want to act out of awe and reverence to preserve the natural world. Unfortunately, a great title does not a great book make. This review will argue that Deep Ecol~ does not deliver on the promise of its title. This is because the authors both sever our deep intuitive communion with nature from specific religious traditions and reduce the complex and subtle interactions revealed by ecology to a few moral principles. We end up then in this book not with a deep ecology but a shallow moralism. Let me hasten to add that I applaud the authors' radical critique of the antiecological practice and attendant "environmentalist" rationalizations of the dominant culture. I suspect that most bioregionalists would support the authors' radical programs for preserving and expanding wilderness and "letting nature be" in place of resource development. Indeed , the strongest part of Deep Ecology is what the authors have to say in their critique and on these issues. Neither am I questioning the depth and co111Ditment of Devall and Session's personal stance toward nature. What I am questioning is whether the authors have delivered on the promise of their title, i.e. , to unite a deep spiritual union with nature with a sophisticated and subtle science of ecology. Central to the author's conception of deep ecology are the ideas of holism, the interconnectedness of everything, and biocentric equity, by which they mean that "all organisms and .mtities in the ecosphere, as parts of the interrelated whole, are equal in intrinsic worth." Devall and Sessions would have us believe that there is what they call a minority tradition in history that emphasizes these notions. In fact, there is no single minority tradition; there are only minority traditions. It is not honest histography nor does it give an accurate picture of the way the world works to go bunting through the past in search of certain concepts or key words and, when finding such, to claim a significant or causal connection. Scientists (not historians, who know better) have attempted to write a hi~tory of science that way , searching back through the past for any thinker, for example, who used the word "atom", then arranging these chronologically, as if this said something meaningful about the development of the modern concept of the atom. It doesn't! Yet this is akin to what Devall and Sessions have done. They have searched through past and present thinkers and movements looking for advocacy of holiam and/or biocentricism. They find one or both of these notions in a diverse group of past and present thinkers sod movements. But what have we learned by assembling such a collection? I would argue very little indeed. It does not tell us how these notions of holism and biocentrism arise and function within a belief or philosophical system or how the philosophical or belief systems arise and function within a whole cultural matrix. But until we know this, we have only meaningless juxtaposition and vacuous abstraction, not real life. We need more, much more , than this if we are to move to a culture that lives and develops harmoniously with nature. We need to understand the subtle dialectics between a culture's values , practices and the specific natural world in which it is embedded. We need a bioregional analysis. Devall and Sessions seem to believe that they can set up some moral principles and change the world. No doubt a society dominated by a biocentric value system would treat wilderness and resource development radically different than one holding homocentric (human centered) values. The problem before us though, is how to move from a culture totally dominated by homocentric practice and ideology to a society dominated by biocentric values and practice. What do the authors have to off er us toward the solution of this absolutely crucial problem? They propose that we ask "deep questions" and that we cultivate "meditative experience" . The problem here is that these approaches have been standard in the Western tradition since the time of the Greeks. While it is true that they sometimes lead to biocentricism, they more importantly have lead to our current bomocentric and profoundly antiecological society. In the end then, Devall and Sessions are proclaiming an abstracted moral principle of biocentricism in a society in which homocentricism and domination of nature reigns and is procl aimed through every organ, institution and media of society. One suspects that Deep Ecology is not going t o change the world, offer any reali stic hope for such a change, or even make any converts to a biocentric position, At beat it is mo r alizing to the already moral! Deep Ecology suffers from diftuae and disconnected roots and a lack of hard-beaded analysis. It suffers from a double amputation. Religion , philosophy and ideology are first severed from the cultures in which they are intrinsically embedded and then certain principles like biocentricism are further excised from the religious and philosophical systems in which they are intrinsically interwoven (a totally unecological act). In so doing, the heart 1a amputated from the body, the spirit from muscle and sinew . Deep Ecology takes us in the opposite direction from wh:ich we must go to really change society. That direction is to reunite spiritual intuition and values with practice in a specific place. This is the way of bioregionalism. Deep Ecology mentions bioregionalism favorably in several places and would draw bioregionalism into deep ecology. I would argue that bioregionalism has little to learn from this book . Bior egionalism is a movement to reconstruct culture harmoniously within a specific, natural region. As such it is a practical hol1811. Culture means material practice---providing the necessities of food , clothing and shelter as well as politics, customs, law, morality, values and religion. It is human existence and meaning in its fullness and totality, not simply some principles abstracted from religion or philosophy. As such, it is real people in real life embedded in specific place in real day-by-day, nitty-gritty existence. It is only here--in the totality and fullness of practical living in a place, not in some set of doubly abstracted principles, that an evolving and harmonious dialectic with nature can be constructed. ~ Winter 1985-86 - iL' rAA �o~ NATURAL WORLD NEWS PROTECTING SACRED SITES Jla"'ral Vodd lew s....,k• Elders of the Eastern Band of the Cherokees have appealed to the USFS to stop the Little Laurel Timber sale in Macon County, NC as it will "desecrate" two sacred sites adjacent the sale: the Alarka Falls and Raven 'Cliffs. Appeals 1570 asks the USPS not to log or use herbecides near these sites and justifies the request via the Native American Religious Freedom Act. It was also stressed that the USFS needs to realize the importance of sacred sites to all peoples and that the issue here is not how a forest should be managed but rather how the integrity and power of sacred sites should be upheld. The Appeal was turned down by the National Forests Supervisor for NC and is in the hands of Regional Forester John Alcock in Atlanta. While the offical comment per iod is closed, continued support is important . Write: John Alcock Regional Forester, USFS 1720 Peachtree Rd. , NW Atlanta, Ga. 30367 KArUAR - pllgi! 122 DOE PLANS FALTER, COMMUNITIES ORGA NIZE In Nove111ber of 1985 the Department of Energy was to have narrowed its choice of Nuclear Waste Suppositor y sites from the 236 under study to 20 "possible" locations. Widespread public involvement and the Department's own negative findings have caused the DOE to postpone, until January 1986 their annoucement of selection. This is their second postponement since November 1985. While Oak Ridge, Tennessee is the most likely site for the Monitored Retrieva ble Stora ge facility (the HRS is a way station for waste headed to the Suppository). the associated transportation routes are still under study and the DOE has admitted that they are open to negotiation. Strategy and organizational meetings along the "likely" routes are becoming more numerous. The Highlander Center hosted such a meeting for community action leaders from east ern NC to western Tennessee. Over three hundred citizens of Madison County , NC met this november, providing another voice in this effort to stop the DOE's part in this country ' s nuclear energy policy . EPA SEARCHES FOR ACID RAIN CLUES ~lnu.ral WOl'ld Mew Strvic• Rumor has it that the EPA has contracted with private research groups and other government agencies to find where and to what extent "Acid Deposition" is affecting the Southern Appalachians. Similar studies have recently been conducted in New England and the Northwest. The work here will be conducted in 30 to 40 watersheds located in east Tennessee, western North Carolina, north Georgia and northeastern South Carolina. This study consists of the gathering of data in the following areas: forest cover types, land use, soil and water chemistry and the various climatic factors affecting this area. This information will be comcompiled by the EPA , plugged into its data base and analyzed. While no public information is presently available, it is speculated that the results of this study will be used to trace "Acid Deposition" back to its source and later used in court actions aimed at "cleaning up" the problem. ONLY YOU CAN SAVE THE BEARS M.atu.ral *>rl.4 tf-"'9 Se.rvic• According to biologists at the North Carolina Wildlife Resources Conmission, poaching and other illegal bear hunting is an old and intractable problem. The biggest threat to bear populations, as for most wildlife , is continuing habitat destruction. Even if poaching remains at a constant level, it spells disaster for the bears as habitat shrinks due to increased clearcutting and road building. The survival of large predators and omnivores such as bears requires vast,roadless areas where contact with humans is kept to a minimum. Forest Service logging roads make bear habitat more accessible to poachers and slob hunters. In North Carolina, the Wildlife · Resources Commission's primary means of measuring the bear population is the number of legal kills reported each year. With shrinking habitat and increased road access, the few remaining bears are vulnerable to hunting pressure. The effect of this is that the kill level stays high while the population declines, possibly beyond the point of recovery. Using bait to attract bears is a popular slob hunting practice that has recently been made illegal. The usual technique is to hang sacks of food, sweets, or rotten meat on trees , attracting bears to an accessible area where dogs can pick up the scent. Hunters then monitor the dogs' posi- tion from access roads using vehicles, CB radios, and even radio collars on the dogs. Hunters don't need to leave the saftey and colD.fort of their vehicles until the dogs ' baying indicates that the bear has been treed and can be shot with a minimum of effort and skill on the part of the hunters. Baitin_Jt was often used at the edge of bear sanctuaries to draw protected bears out where they could be letally killed. A new law that went into effect October l makes it illegal to use bait to attract bears on public or private land. Wildlife enforcement officers say it is impossible to control poaching and baiting without help from concerned local citizens. Some states have toll-free hotlines to report hunting violations, and can dispatch an enforcement officer to the scene quickly. In North Carolina, call 1-800-662-7137, South Carolina 1-800922-5431, Tennessee 1-800-262-6704, Georgia 1-800-241-4113. A number for Virgina could not be determined. To participate in the Bear Action Network to document incidences of poaching and other illegal bear hunting activities, contact: .'aul Gallimore Long Branch Enviornmental Ed. Center Big Sandy Mush Creek Leicester, NC (704)6e3-3662 .. Wintq.r _1985-86 �HORSEPASTURE RI VER TO FLOW ON: SMOKE GETS IN A GRASSROOTS SUCCESS STORY YOUR EYES Ntituu.J Morld Nev• ~ erv 1c. Spruce Pine-Mitchell Systems Inc . , an incinerator plant owned by Charles Foushee continues to burn hazardous wastes. The smoke causes irritation of eyes, nose, and throat. People have developed "allergies" since it opened five years ago. It has burned corn crops nearby. The heavy metals coming out of the smokestacks are above permissible standsrds set when its permit was reissued early in 1985. Fores~ Service botanists have linked the emissions to tree deaths surrounding the plant. Homes remain un- Since the spring of 1984 a grassroots group, Friends of the Horsepasture, have rallied support for the protection of the Horsepasture River and her 5 waterfalls from an out of state invesbnent group, who plan to build a hydroelectric dam. While this ill-fated tax write off has faded, further public support for the Borsepasture has brought about Natural and Scenic River designation by the North Carolina General Assembly and most recently, appropriation of funds by the U.S. Congress to the United States Forest sold, land values are dropping, water Service for purchase of the 350 acre is becoming contaminated. Because of these gross violations of all applicable standards, Mitchell Systems has been fined, has had its air quality permit revoked and was issued an order of compliance when it was discovered that its environmental liability insurance coverage was no longer in effect. Since it did not comply with regulations as of December 2nd, the N.C. Department of Human Resources ordered the plant closed. On December 5th a local resident brought a $250,000 lawsuit against Mitchell Systems alleging that discharges and odors f ran the plant make his home unfit for human habitation. Community response has been escalating rapidly. 150 people from all over Mitchell county gathered at a recent meeting to air their demands and frustrations. Outside professional consultants have been hired and they are learning what program consultant Millie Buchanan called "effective involvement." Citizens are bringing pressure on state officials to release information, they are helping the legal and technical consultants collect data, and they have exposed a large flaw in due process procedures regulating waste disposal. Why is the incinerator still burning? No insurance, no permit, and still the smoke settles on cars, houses, children and streams. Local people in Mitchell county are fighting national problems: lack of control and an inability to enforce laws governing the disposal of hazardous wastes. Charles Foushee has appealed both the insurance compliance order and the air quality permit revocation. Until these appeals have been decided upon, Mitchell Systems is free to burn wastes. "If be operated a bar and served alcohol to minors he would be shut down immediately and kept shut during the appeals process:• said one involved person. Why is Charles Foushee still allowed to serve emissions hazardous to the health of Mitchell county? Leder tract. This will allow for protection of Turtleback, Rainbow and Stairway Falls (the others are owned by Duke Power.) Bill Thomas, Chairperson of the Friends o f the Horsepasture, points out that a special thanks goes to the private conservation group, Trust for Public Lands. The Trust, through its own funds, secured an option to buy the Leder property at a Forest service appraised price. This protected K.\Tl'.\11 - !Mge :!3 the river from develo?11ent while Congressional appropriations were sought. In doing so, Thomas says, TPL has incured a $70,000. debt primarily in option costs, which will not be refunded by the Congressional appropriations. It is the hope that all the "Friends" will continue their support by sending tax deductable donations to the Trust via FROTH so they can continue their preservation efforts. Most recently, the N.C. Department of Natural Resources and Community oevelopnent is preparing a management plan to "preserve" the river in its natural state and offer guidelines for recreational use. This is the first step in" placing the river under the protection offered by the National Wild and Scenic River Systems. Gov. Martin is expected to request Interior Secretary, Don Hodel, for this status. Hore info: FRIENDS OF THE HORSEPASTORll P.O.Box ·272 Cedar Hountain,NC 287lij A QUESTION OF STANDARDS CHAMPION WASTE PERMIT ){U'U.rAl ~ld N...,. Suvi.c:• As of mid-November, the EPA has stepped in to resolve differences between the states of Tennessee and North Carolina and the color of water in the Pigeon River at the state line. Being contested is the NC Division of Enviornmental Management ' s 1985 waste water discharge permit for Champion International ' s Canton paper mill: the amount of color in its ef f ulent and its affect on water quality down stream. This summer the EPA voided this perlllit and informed the DEM that the permit did not canply with the required federal Clean Water Act guidelines . DEM countered by saying it might not have statutory authority to implement all of the EPA's recommendations. Tennessee has filed suit against NC and Champion stating that the 111111 should be required to meet their clean water standards . It is here we find the crux of the legal and political debate. Water quality in Tennessee is based on a "narrative standard" which states that color units in waste water shall not exceed "background levels" which can be treated by conventional methods. They have further "interpreted" this color standard and assigned a value of 50 ppm. Paul Wilms, Director of the DEM states that all of the EPA recommedations have been met except those that pertain to the 50 ppm . color standard. It is their feeling that Champio~'s new Ultrafiltration test system and oxygen enrichment equipment will maintain water quality and thus cOlllply with the NC permit. They also contest Tennesse's 50 ppm. color standard stating that it has been arbitrarily derived and not scientifically based and as a result no~ legally enforceable here in NC. At present, NC has not assigned numerical standards for color levels in waste water. Champion is presently filling out its EPA perlllit application and is legally operating under the DEM permit. They have also signed a "Special Order of Consent" requiring further testing of color removal technology with a review by DEM personnel this spring. EPA is expected to draft a new permit this spring with a public comment period to follow. (NWN continued next page) Winter 1985-86 c �. - - - - - - - - - - - - - . . . . , - - - - - - - - - - - - - ,W!@\Yf@\Vl@Wr@Wf@\Yl®\V!@\Yl@\YI@ O;t NATURAL VIRUS CHALLENGES CHESTNUT TREE BLIGHT NATURAL WORLD NEWS continued PROJECT FIREHAT AWARENESS TRAINING Each year, firefighters in North Carolina risk exposure to hazardous chemicals. As first responders, firefighters and other emergency response teams are the front line in dealing with hazardous materials. They and their communities particularly need to be more aware of potential hazards in households, in agricultural operations, and at Slllall businesses. The dangers these chemicals pose can be reduced if firefighters ar e more prepared for specific risks and have appropriate resour ces available to handle them. L8ck of information at the local level has been identified repeatedly as a problem in emergency response planning for hazardous material incidents. Project FIRERAT (Hazardous Awareness Teamwork), funded by a grant from T.V.A. to the University of North Carolina at \sheville has recently been started in WNC . It's aim is to assist Buncombe, Haywood, Henderson and Madison counties by collecting information on risks in the COlllDunity. Through a series of workshops with local volunteer fire departments, FIREHAT addresses specific areas of concern identified by local, regional , and state emergency response professionals. Some of the topics covered are: laws governing handling of agricultural chemicals, transportation of hazardous materials and the new North Carolina Right-To-Know Act. Future plans include 3 video to further inform f i r"ef ighters and public alike . For mor e information contact; PROJECT FIREHAT 102 Tacoma Cir . Asheville, NC 28801 Cam Metcalf Millie Buchanan 254- 4414 253-4423 Scientists at Michigan State University have discovered a virus which inhibits the American chestnut blight. An estimated 3.5 billion trees died between 1904 and the early 1950's. With the demise of the chestnut came a decline in bear populations due to a marked decrease in available mast each fall. Being studied is a naturally occurring virus which infects the chestnut blight fungus. The fungus damages the tree under the bark but does not affect the roots. Keeping the fungus in check allows the roots to send up sprouts then allowed to form healthy trees. The origin of the virus remains a myster y. "POST NO BILLS" • n w ""ve' U • cva c•l S~ Billboard landscapes blocking your view? Then write to your U. S.Senators and urge them to support Senator John Glenn's proposed legislation which would in effect abolish billboards . The bill would prohibit destruction of vegetation along highways in front of billboards, close loopholes in the current law which allow for signs in rural areas, and ban new signs from zoned and unzoned co11111ercial and industrial areas. It would also establish a 5-yenr moratorium on signs in unzoned commercial or industrial areas made "non-conforming" by this bill and would require them to come down following the 5year period. Write: Senator , U.S.Senate Washington, DC 20510 NATIVE BEARS THREATENED BY RUSSIAN BOA RS Unchecked populations of wild boar s in the Great Smoky Mountains Nat ional Park are depriving native animals (especially bears) from sixt y per cent of the acorns needed to s urvive the winter months . In an attempt to secure an ecological balance in the park , rangers trap the boar and release them outside the park wher e hunting is permitted. Local hunting organizations and some rangers would like to see the trappings increase . Alr eady five organizations have co-signed an appeal against widening the present range of the boars and thus keeping their destructive ways confined. Raving received national attention has taken the appeal to Washington. But the real issue is back in the park where the ever increasing population needs definite thinning . Perhaps re-establishing a native wolf population in the park would allo~ for a more natural Karen Paquette "The Mo.g.<.ca.i. Chil.d" ht al.£ o6 .the chil.d who dlt.eam.6 a.uxlke oWt. memo.11.y 06 whe.11.e ~ beg.in ... .the chil.d tL6. • • who dJL~ aunke. the. g11.e.a.t 'comhtg .to9e.the.11. place' on owt EaJLth Mo.the11.. HO/" We a.11.e a.t.t. chil.dlt.en .to9e.the.11.. --Scout tee How important is it to pay attention to dreams? Peoples from al.most all societies and cultures on earth throughout time have used dreams to deepen awareness, explain reality, and foretell the future. These have been characterized by 'culture pattern dreams', visions, and ordinary individual dreams consisting of cultural phenomena or subjective personal experience. Much attention has been paid to every physiological and psychological aspect: poets bespeak dreams, mythmakers spin them, and visionaries live them ••. The importance of 'dreamspeaking' is becoming more evident as creative consciousness is accepted as a valid process in a world where science and mysticism are finding common ground. If we look at the essence of what it ia to dre11111 and not 'means', we come closer to understanding the power and the process of the dream's potential. ' Night dreaming ' is a bodiless experience . It is a networking of dimensions unhindered by ear thplace exi stence . Here, we are guided by our leaders , goaded by our 'monsters ' , and sung to by our muses ..• On the other hand, ' daydreaming' is the experience of fantasy, of creative visualization, and of reverie. The former is usually receptive; the latter, creative. If our 'somewhere over the rainbow ' dreams are not coming true for us, perhaps i t is because we have 'pu t aw the things of the child' in ay us too securely. As adults we must learn ~o allow ourselves to be re-enchanted--to look to the child, the one we once were who is still within us, and to the child who walks beside us as son, daughter or friend. Can we rememher when the simplic- preda~~ L---------;,.;.-...:~--:.&,.••ey-• --y s• em ._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _...,. Wl@\Vl@\Yf@Wl@\V(@\'(/@'r(f@\Vl@ WI@ pr • eco• s • t•• Winter 1985-86 �ity of our ' higher' visions were cloud scapes changing with the breeze? When our ladder to higher consciousness was a tree limb? The abandonment of lying face-up, open and vulnerable to the greater expanse of the sky let our imagination be free. It was easy to absorb the knowledge of hidden things, represented by clouds, into the more imaginative parts of our being. Remember the joy? The Adventure! ... If we can relive that ma&ical moment in time, remembering that the child we once were is still there (covered, now, by our layers of 'adulthood'), we can tap into the 'stuff that dreams are made of' anytime. Remembering dreams not only means remembering sleep consciousness but also means capturing the essence of the creative proc ess (i.e., the 'magic momenta') that are the energy structure of our visions. Knowing we can still 'p13y' is essential to our life's work of manifesting our dreams ss reality. In structuring our future we must also look to the generations to come-to the children. We can help our sons and daughters stay open to their creative processes by encouraging their 'daydreaming'. We can do this by way of a morning ritual: of sharing dreams upon awakening. Doing this, we find it becomes progressively easier and more natural for our children to remember the nightland visited if we do it regularly with them. This practice adds another d1mension to the life we share with our children. It is important not to dismiss our children's nightmareil'With only reassurances. Children have a great ability to understand symbols and inner meanings. If we complement their own fantasies with simple 'truths' we might find that they will begin to look forward to their nightly adventures. In this way we give our children a way to experience and accept their 'inner life ' in a way which m any of us adults were not allowed to do at a younger age. Perhaps John Prine, during a recent visit to our Katuah region (Asheville Music Hall, 10/31/85), summed it up best in this way: WE WERE TN A HOUSE WTTH BOTH OF OUR VTNTNG ROOM TABLES PUSHEV TOGETHER ANV VAV'S HOUSE ANV MOM'S HOUSE PUSHEV TOGETHER. WE WERE ALL GETTING REAVY TO HAVE SUPPER TOGETHER ANV ETHAN WAS TN COLLEGE ANV GRANVIi.A WAS IN HER APARTMENT. I WANTEV TO FLY ANV GET THEM BECAUSE WE WERE HAVING A BTG PARTY AT OUR HOUSE ANV SO T WALKEV OUT THE VOOR ANV 1 FLEW TO ETHAN'S COLLEGE ANV 1 GOT HIM. I HELPEV HTM FLY BACK TO GRANVMA'S HOUSE. 1 GOT HER ANV BOTH OF THEM VIVN'T KNOW HOW TO FLY ANV SO I HAV THEM HOLV MY HANVS AS 1 FLEW. WHEN WE GOT BACK TO OUR HOUSE WE SAT VOWN AT THE TABLE ANV SAW A BIG CAKE ON IT. WE VIVN'T KNOW THERE WAS GOING TO BE A CAKE THERE. WE ATE THE CAKE ANV THEN WE WENT INTO THE LIVING ROOM ANV HAV A FAMILY HUG. Ab.i.ga.il., age g, who4e pa.II.en.ti. cUVOIJ..Ced when 4he 11n.t> 6oWL. "Dream in' comes easy, Like the first breath of a baby~ Like sunshine feedin' daisies-Like the love hidden deep in your heart.'' ... as does the following dream by this e ight year old: A CHILDREN'S PAGE ~ \\@JA\©JA\@JA\@/A\@IA\(i)JA\ @JA\@/Jt.\~/ A\®Jh._JA\@J) \VJA\@/A\@JA\@:/}.\@11'\@IA\®IA\@11'\@l/\\®IA\@IA\.®IA\®IA\@JA\®IA\®® , K.~ 7L oil- \ H - pa i;<? 8P 1 °J 1a.tW ~5 Winter 1985-86 �DRUMMING ,, LETTERS TO KATUAH • Dear Folk Thanks for the latest KatGah, with the pertinant articles on the threats to this area's life. Acid rain and nuclear waste are not metaphors for apocalypse, they are part of it . I am still stirred by memories of the sullUller solstice ceremony at Sam's Knob. The dominant image in my mind is of a people-crystal hung in a rainbow pouch above one of Gaia' a vital organs now in need. The crystal is a little chipped and sort of jagged on one end, and it has cracks in it, but it works. I don't know how it works, but I know it works. We had a fall equinox celebration here involving sweats at Zephyr in their huge blue sweat lodge. People wove wreaths out of vines and flowers. Each year people bring whatever ripe fruits are on hand, and Bob AveryGrubel takes them and makes them into wine. Around the fire this year we drank wine from the two previous years. We chanted all our chants and sang a lot of songs. I read a poem which went something like: We are allies and can ill afford to fight amongst ourcellves we can ill afford to fight amongst ourcellves Dear Katuah I have been thinking about the humans' connection with nature, mainly because I am concerned about my relationship with the Earth. The past two years I have been able to begin fulfilling a dream - a dream of achieving harmony with and awareness of the Earth, her native spirits, muses, plants, and animals •.... the Great Spirit that breathes through all, beyond tangible boundaries. Last year and this past summer were especially profound and strengthening, living in the mystical mountains of Katuab with people who understood and were striving to live i n harmony too . Working in a garden, harvesting her fruit, feeling the sun, rain, early morning fog and dew; sensing my emerging woman. I found that the Earth is full of surprises boundless knowledge, unsurpassable strength. Waking up as darkness rotated into dawn, meeting a companion in the pasture by the saw mill as the Sun burst through the trees over the mountains. Sleeping outside , sensing the roundness of the all-powerful sphere beneath my body. "Woman" is a powerful sense, I found, feeling the cycles and circles and the bond between myself and the Earth ...•• growing . Such strength and insight can be gained from active involvement with Mother Earth! Knowledge that can only be felt and inwardly heard, beyond human words. Now I sit in the morning sun upon the western part of this continent. In this changed atmosphere , it is easy to forget, easy to become passive and let Mother Earth with her unlimited knowledge and opportunity, her infiniteness, slip away. I will continue to strive for my goal, which I hope will always be just beyond my reach, forever expanding. My "environment" is wherever the River leads me. A human being can be forever hopeful. I make sure not to miss the new day's da~"!l ....• Peace, Celia Wissler Central California After seeing the cover picture on the fall issue of K.atuah, my lady and I went to the Joyce Kilmer Memorial Forest. We thought that i f those two poplar trees in the picture were still there, then we would find the bodies of the chestnut trees there, too. Sure enough, lying behind those two old poplars were three huge chestnuts. They were covered with moss, and we could climb up on them and walk a long way! It must have been amazing to see them standing. Ralph Morgan Webster, NC There's plenty but there's not enough to spill it on the ground when we work together love will reach around We are allies and can i l l afford to fight amongst ourcellves we can ill afford to fight amongst ourcellves Take Heart ~ Will Ashe Bason Travianna Farm Check, VA !<.ATl'..\H - page 26 Winter 1985-86 �On Swtday, Oc..tobe11. 13, 1985, tfWi;ty-6.<.ve. people. came. toge.the11. 6011. the. annua.l l<a.tLulh Fall Ga-theM.ng . We. had a c.hanc.e. to .6 e.e. .6ome. 6ac.u be.h.<.nd namu we. had known 6011. a long ilme ... and we. had a c.hanc.e. to tatk wUh. ea.eh othe11.. We. .&poke. abou:t oWtAe.l.vu .<.n 11.e.Wi.on to th.<..6 land: _A._~:Jr 1t;~·~ .~-f (J ":~'\ ' '' "I live down in Georgia. The land down there is so poisoned, that we can't even be sure about the drinking water. I want to grow an organic garden , but a garden can 't be certified down there, because there's no telling what was put on the land when it was planted in cotton. "We came up here to Katuah because the land seems so much less disturbed. This seems like a powerful place to get in touch with the land. 1 hope everybody who lives here remembers how they are blessed and will protect this land to keep it alive and healthy." - Morgan "For a long time I was looking inside myself for a spiritual change and a spiritual experience. Now l feel myself coming out, and I am moved by concern for the Earth and her creatures. Once again I am feeling earthiness. l think that now l need to bring my spiritual part to a practical level, working on the Earth, being of service. In doing this, every thought we think is important, because thought is creative . It brings the spiritual down to the material level. "Each of us has a purpose for being here. For myself, I want my actions to come from the heart. I want to make permanent changes in others and in myself - changes that bring us toward unity, not separation. "People and groups can teach each other. Every little bit is illportant. I f we leave out anything,. then it's not whole. I'• looking to see whole people and a whole Barth. It's good to know a little bit aore of ay purpose." - Linda "Looking around us we see ecological disaster, and looking at our society we see a great spiritual void. The two are interconnected. We can't ever be whole on the spiritual level unless we are biologically well. "For example: I don't like clearcuts. I heard once that it takes 40 acres of trees to print one issue of the N.Y. Times. Since then I haven't bought another newspaper-:-r-go to the library if I want to see a paper. That may seem insignificant, but it's an exam;ie of an action moving from the spiritual to the mental to the political realms." - Donald ' "This is an age of personal transformation. Our personal change is a metaphor for the changes the Earth and our universe are going through. l want to learn and listen, a.nd translate these lessons into my life and work. 11 - Les "Those who care about life have to come together to reinforce each other in a multitude of ways to make us all strong enough to live through the coming changes. We must do thia if we are to survive as a species . "We have to keep in mind that this culture is real. It exists. It is not people, it is not a government. It is an energy form, and it stands against everything we value. "We need to be strong and dedicated . We need to have the will to stay together, to keep our ideals, and to make our visions happen. Otherwise it won't happen. If we believe something, we have to eat that way, think that way, live that way." - Andy " We need to have a positive dream, a positive vision. We need to focus on that and head for it straight as an arrow. "Looking around me, I see others changing, and I see myself changing. We need to take the world as it is, the good with the bad, and, starting with this, to make it new. We need to affirm a positive future and our ability to create it. We need to affirm our ability to dream." - Judith It ~ an .<.Mpi.11..i.ng da.y ••••••• Le.t' .6 aU 06 U6 ge.t .toge.the.11. 60.I!. the. Katful.h Sp!Ung Ga-thell..<.ng. See. you the.n! #" "-~TUAH - page 27 Winter 1985-86 �cfReLes cle, I began with small stones and sticks that I stuck in the ground at the right time on the right days. Later when I found a good rock and I had the time, I'd haul it back there and stick it in. "This is the most primitive way of making the simplest types of observations. It is now known that the ancient Europeans could predict eclipses by watching the moon. This is remarkable, because the key to predicting an eclipse is a slight wobble in the moon's orbit, and this wobble is visible only every 9. 3 years when the moon is at the northernmost and southernmost points of her orbit. These people were considered illiterate! Bow could they have kept that information long enough to establish a repeating pattern of observations?" THE PATIERNS IN NATURE The stone circles acted as a bridge between the Earth and the sky for the early peoples. l:lumankind is ever searching for patterns. It seems to be in our nature to seek out the order in our ever-changing world. In their role as astronomical observatories, the rock monuments_pass on to us the excitement the ancients felt in discovering the cosmic order in the movements of the heavens. "At one time," said Lylich, "when it turned winter, people didn't kn.ow if it was going to be spring again or ot. But when they could look at the sun, and see it turn back, they could say, 'Look! It ' s following the same pattern it did last year!', and they'd know everything was going· long alright.'' (continued from p. 5) There is also a power in the Earth. Whether physical and/or spiritual it is capable of turning dowsers' rods or making an electromagnetic charge measurable on a gaussometer. The Cherokee Indians of Katuah were aware of this and recognized sacred sites that were sources of spiritual •power here in this land (see page 11). It is said that th~ standing stones of pre-Celtic Europe were also conductors for this mysterious Earth energy, sometimes called the "dragon power" and symbolically represented on the great stones by spiral designs chiseled with great care onto so many of the monuments. It is surmised that this power was readily perceptible to the ancestors through senses that we have lost to civilization, and that generating and using this energy was a central feature of the ceremonies and rituals held at the sites. "I hear stories," said Lylich, "of people who touch big standing stones and feel a tingle or a shock, or who ·lose their balance and fall to the ground. There are also stories of strange electromagnetic effects or weird weather associated with them. "No one has told me that they have felt that in our circle. Mostly what I feel is a solid, massive, rooted-in-the-Earth, basic-type feeling. Maybe that's what we need today." This could very well be so, The movements of the heavenly bodies, which so transfixed the old ones, are now proven and documented to the point of being commonplace. But the connection to the Earth that the old ones took for granted is only now being rediscovered by Mother Ela's children. Perhaps by helping us to remember, the stones are helping in a healing. "Making this megalithic stone circle was slow, but it wasn't difficult," said Lylich. "The time was right and it felt like we were moving with a flow of something already happening. "The number four is a sacred number to the Cherokees, and it seemed to be important in the construction of this circle . I was 40 last year when we built it, and that was the 400th year of European settlement in North America--dating from the lost colony of Manteo. It was also the 444th year since DeSoto's expedition in 1540, which was the first time white people penetrated these mountains. We have had our way with this con-· tinent for 400 years.The four directions, the four seasons, the four rounds of a sweat lodge; 1n many ways the number four signifies a completed cycle. I think it means that we've had our time here, and that now it's time for something else to happen. "It's time for a change 1n our attitude. We've been screwing it up for 400 yef.rs, maybe now it ' s time to straighten it back for 400 years. That ' s about how long it would take to restore the wild places the continent had when we first approached its shores." RESOURCE READING: Earth Magic by Francis Hitchings (Wm. Morrow & Company, New York City, 1977) - D.W. Ly.Uch (;)[.(tba.wtL may be cont.ac.te.d tlvt.ough Ka;tUah; Sox 873; CuLlowhee, NC 2872;-- Pmvidin~ Pen<>n.1l Sttvicc Allin~ Your Boal< N..,.U 704.264.5866 In Speciali:od Fields Books Q,.J ThingsL~ ... GARY HEMSOTH !loolutlJ..- ?08 Blowu>g Rock Road Boone, Nonh Camlonn Ul607 A \'ARIF.TY OF WHOJ.F.Sot!E BAKED coons SOI AH PllOUlJCTS WAIER ANALYSIS RAN UAL l C lANIER 704 293 5912 :{AITAH - page 28 llWY. 101 Rf. 68 BOX 125 CULLOWllEE, NC 28723 Winter 1985-86 �WINTER SOLSTICE-YULE The longest night, light is born. This is a time for community earth ceremonies and celebration. See Kat6ah issue 06 for a suggested Winter Solstice Earth ceremony. CULLOWHEE, NC "The G eat Forest: An Appalr achian Story," ongoing through January 6, 1986. At The Mountain Heritage Center. 17 ASHEVILLE, NC Dr. H. Ray Evers of the Evers Clinic, Cottonwood , AL, one of the most successful institutions offering alternative medical treatment in the country , to speak on "Holistic Healing and Freedom of Choice"· UNC-A, Humanities Lecture Hall· ' 7:30 pm. ' 19 ASHEVILLE , NC Christmas Caroling at Craggy State Prison. Bring flashlights, songsheets provided. Parking limited Please carpool. (ABCCM Jail and Prison Ministry). 7-8 pm. HOT SPRINGS, NC. Southern Dharma Retreat Center will sponsor a 7-day meditation retreat, which will be led by John Orr, a former Buddhist monk who now lives and teaches in the DurhamChapel Hill area of N,C. The retreat will cost $190., which includes all meals and lodging. For further info call 704-622-7112 or 704-254-1351. 28 3 BLACK MOUNTAIN, NC. David Wilcox-original and traditional folk tunes. Exceptional guitarist, storyteller , singer and songwriter. McDibbs, $2.00 9pm , 16 BLACK M1'N. 1 NC . Harriet Witt Miller-slides on Halley ' s Comet, McDibbs, $2.00, 9pm , Children free , No smoking. 18 ASHEVILLE , NC. Martin Luther King, Jr. prayer breakfast. Key speaker-Shirley Chisholm. Call 253-37ll FEBRUARY 28 ASHEVILLE,NC. A concert in the Great Hall by The Community Chorus of UNC-Asheville. Free Admission. Grove Park Inn.4:00-5:00 pm. BLACK HISTORY MONTH For event info, call Y,M.I. Cultural Center (704) 252-4614 29 2 CANDLEMAS-the light quickens. GROUNDHOG DAY 7 MARS BILL, NC. ASHEVILLE, NC. A concert in the Great Ball by The Asheville Junior Symphony . Free Admission. Grove Park Inn. 4:00-5:00 pm. • Opening night of The G e.s t r Forest: An Appalachian Story Exhibi at Rural Life Museum. Public Showing Feb . 8-April 29. 9 HALLEY'S COMET reaches perihelion .•. its closest point to the sun. Earth, though , will be on the opposite aide of the sun from Balley' a Comet so it will be impossible for us to see it. Dr. Robert A. Resnick CHIROPRACTIC PHYSI C IAN MARCH ..;....we/ve,, now l'Y\oved to 01.At"' Y\CW off1ve .....)( NATURAL FOOD STORE & DELI CELEBRATING OUR 10th YEAR '3'3S Me-vv imon Ave. Ashe.vii le NG z~eo1 (704 ) 255. 6333 160 Broadway Ashev ille, N.C. 28801 Open 1 Days A Week Monday • Friday (704) 253-7656 9:00 a .m. · 8:00 p.m. Where Broadway Meets Merrlmon And 1 ·240 9:00 a .m. · 6:30 p.m. Saturday Sunday 1:00 .m. · 5:00 .m. 2-15 WOMEN'S HISTORY CELEBRATION Events at UNC-Asheville ( cal (704) 258-6588) and A.S.U., Boone ( call (704) 262-2170) & elsewhere . 8-21 HALLEY ' S COMET. Look south in the sky before sunrise. 18-25 CENTRAL AMERICA WEEK For program info, call (704) 252-9167 21-23 BOONE , NC. Appalachian Studies Conferenc Center for Continuing Education , Appalachian State University , herbs , na tive pla nt s, pere nnials, flowers, fruit trees, bulbs, bedd ing pla n ts. 80 Lakeside Drive 8/ IOl hs of a mile from Hdrdee'!> in Franklin, N.C . fo r informdlion call 524·3321 M ALAPROP'S BOOKSTORE/ CAFE BOOKS - CARDS - RECOROS 81 H4YWOOO ST. ASHEVlllE. NC 29801 704-254-8734 KA7f A - pa ge 29 H Winter 1985-86 £ �LIFE DESIGN: A counseling/consultant service; addressing communication , cooperation and a centered, focused approach to ENJOYING your life! Group Workshops , Individual and Family Sessions. Located at 5 Ravenscroft ~. Asheville. Phone Cat Gilliam at 254-8140 or Lorra Streifel at 2535575. RURAL SOUTRERN VOICE for PEACE (R.S.V.P.) is a network of people in rural/small city communities in the Southeast who are working to build the nonviolent alternative systems and lifestyles that can bring peace to our world. Publishes RSVP Newsletter. More info : RSVP, Rt 5 Box 335, Burnsville , NC 28714 NICARAGUAN COFFEE. Delicious, roasted coffee beans or ground coffee available for $6.00 a lb. Contact: Steve Livingston (704) 257-3019 IN 17th YEAR OF PUBLICATION, Akwesasne Notes is a Journal for Native and Natural Peoples, covering world events which effect indigenous peoples. For subscriptions or tax-deductible contributions: AKWESASNE NOTES, P.O. Box 196, Mohawk Nation , Rooseveltown , NY 13683-0196. liEADWATERS: What is your experience with water? Would you share your experience in your own means of expression (poetry, story, dance, music) for a performance and recording to explore and celebrate the beauty and purity of the mountain headwaters? We will focus on water in all its aspects-our goal is harmony. If you would like to be in a core group to create this production, contact Bill Melanson, P.O. Box 628, Asheville, NC 28802 T'AI CHI , a philosophy you can dance to. Mondays 7:30-9:30 pm at 70 Lexington Ave . Asheville with Harold Miller. APPALACHIAN GINSENG COMPANY. Stratfiied Seeds, Seedlings, 2-5 year old Roots. P.O . Box 547 , Dillsboro ,NC. 28725 ALTERNATIVE METHODS for controlling garden pests- send $2 . 00 to Joe Armstrong, Rt. l,Box 121 , Bardstown , KY. 40004 . If you have experience with methods of pest control that do not rely on synthetic pesticides, send your contributions to the "Alternative Methods of Pest Control" list being compiled by Joe Armstrong. Copies of the list available for $2.00 and a long SASE from address above SELF-RELP CREDIT UNION has now opened a branch office in Western North Carolina through the State Employees Credit Union system. For more info: Write: S.R.C.U., P.O. Box 3259, Durham, NC 27705, Or go by: State Employees Credit Union, 200 All Souls Crescent, Asheville, NC/telephone: (704) 274-4200 We are makers of Bamboo Flutes, Each of our flutes is capable of a twooctave range. They are electronically tuned, burnished, and lacquered. For prices and more information, write: Wood Song Rob Yard Route 3, Box 120-3 Floyd, VA. 24091 BACKROADS TOURS - A 32 page collection of self-guided motor tours through the rural areas of the Virginia Blue Ridge -$2.75 Laurel Publications Route 1 Meadows of Dan , VA 24120 WEBWORKING is free. Send submissions to: Katuah P.O.BOX 873 CULLOWREE, NC 28723 ·waterman ram pumps Q I ,t • .. • I • ~age, > 1\~ll~I ~a-Wr~ I ... , ' I t - • • I ' I T -SHIRTS E:1c h ori11 i n;il •• lf@~ia:n hand screened in 5 colors on lhe line~l 100% pre-shrunk cotton PaY "why to pump water when a ram pump wiil do it for free ?" Send for free brochure C. Hollifield 355 Cedar Creek Road Black Mountain, NC 28711 (704) 669-6821 ~ '<ATI:..\H - page 30 short a nd long sleeve t·shirts. I Sho11 Sleeve •1 ppcl S&P C/f£CJ<.H.a,"'41( I 0 1 CNA lt<;c 11" J ong Sf'eve indudes h owlc leol hers b eorpow') ' M r p d. Nome Ad dress _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ f l ong Sleeve Bloclc Beor 0 Silver 0 Ton 0 White Phone Moslercord Viso t1 Red-Tniled Howle 0 Ec111 0 SilvN O Too Mallle· Rld10Rtmoodl•~"''' E-,.-p-d-:-n_l_ _ __ _ . e 1033''> 911s... Rd w , ....111 •• lfr.7Al~R .. • Shor! long S·M· l ·XL n 1><11•56 JOOJ or wnle for brochure 0 0 Winter 1985-86 �OUR ERROR We neglected to put the by-line on the excellent article on "Acorn Bread" in the fall issue of Katuab. The article was written by S~ ·Bear - herbalist, counselor, and co-director of the Pepperland Farm Swi:lit.sfi 8 Degi .:l>l11xk .JJ(ai.."1;1' ~i~ 8 1'.Jfaril!J 13afa11ct1~/ Cerrffi£cl Camp. 628-1537 GET BACK! ISSUES OF KATUAH ISSUE TWO - WINTER 1983-84 ISSUE SIX - WINTER 1984-85 Yona • Bear Hunters •Pigeon River • Another Way With Animals • Alma: Poems • Becoming Politically Effective • Mountain Woodlands • Katuah Under The Dril l • Spiritual Warriors Winter Solstice Earth Ceremony • Horsepasture River • Coming of Light • Log Cabin Roots • Mountain Agriculture-The Right Crop• William Taylor • Forest's Future ISSUE SEVEN - SPRING 1985 ISSUE THREE - SPRING 1984 Sustainable Economics • Bot Springs • Worker ownership • The Great Economy • Self Help Credit Onion • Wil d Turkey • Responsible Investing • Working In The Web Of Life Sustainable Agriculture • Sunflower_, • Human Impact On The Forest • Childrens ' Education • veronica Nicholas : Woman In Politics • Little People • Medicine Allies ISSUE EIGHT - SOMMER 1985 ISSUE FOUR - SOMMER 1984 Celebration: A Way of Life• Katuah 18,000 Years Ago • Sacred Sites • Folk Arts in the Schools ·Sun Cycle/Moon Cycle • Hilda Downer• Cherokee Heritage Center• Who Owns Appalachia? water Orum • Water Quality • Kudzu • Solar Eclipse • Clearcutting • Trout • Going To Water•Ram Pumps • Microhydro • Poems: Bennie Lee Sinclair, Jim Wayne Miller ISSUE NINE - FALL 1985 ISSUE FIVE - FALL 1984 The Waldee Forest • The Trees Speak • Migrating Forests • Horse Logging • Starting A Tree crop • Orban Trees • J.\corn Bread • Myth Time Harvest • Old Ways In Cherokee • Ginseng • Nuclear Waste • Our Celtic Heritage • Bioregionalism Past, Present, And Future • John Wilnoty • Healing Darkness • Politics Of Participation I KATUAH: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalach ians B~x 873; Cul l owhee, N~rth Carolina 28723 ORDER FORM For more i n fo : call Marn ie Muller (70 4) 252- 916 7 Name Regular Membership ••• • • $10/ yr . Sponsor • • .••••..•• •• • •• $20/ y r . Contr ibutor • • . • •• ••• ••• $50/ yr . Add r ess Enclou .d .i4 , .t~.l.4 t66o~t c ity Area Code State Zip $ 4n txt~A .to 9.ivt bo o4.t Back Issue s Issue 2 Issue 3 Issue 4 Issue 5 Issue 6 Issue 7 Issue 8 Issue 9 @ $2 . 0 0 = $ @ $2.00 .. $- @ $2.00 = s-- @ $2. 00 • $- - @ $2.00 • @ $2 . 00 @ $2 . 00 @ $2.00 TOTAL PRICE • postage p a id $-$= $ $== $_ _ I can be a local contact peraon for m area y Phone NUilber KA rf AH - pa~e 31 Wint er 1985-86 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians Records Description An account of the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, later simplified to Katúah Journal, was published from 1983 to 1993. A quarterly publication, it was focused on the bioregion of former Cherokee land in Appalachia. The early issues of the journal explain the meaning of the Cherokee name, Katúah, and why the editors wanted to view the world through a bioregional lens, rather than political boundaries. A volunteer production, the editors took a holistic view in tackling social, environmental, mental, spiritual, and emotional topics of the day, many of which are still relevant.  The Katúah Journal was co-founded by Marnie Muller, David Wheeler, Thomas Rain Crowe, Martha Tree and others who served as co-publishers and co-editors. Other key team members included Chip Smith, David Reed, Jay Mackey, Rob Messick and many others. This digital collection is only a portion of the Katúah-related materials in the W.L. Eury Appalachian Collection in Special Collections at Appalachian State University. The items in AC.870 Katúah Journal records cover the production history of the Katúah Journal. Contained within the records are correspondence, publication information, article submissions, and financial information. The editorial layouts for issues 12 through 39 are included as are a full run of the Journal spanning nearly a decade. Also included are photographs of events related to the Journal and a film on the publication. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived This resource is part of the Katúah Journal Records collection. For a description of the entire collection, see <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/937" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Katúah Journal Records (AC. 870)</a>. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The images and information in this collection are protected by the Copyright Law of the United States (Title 17, U. S. C.) and are intended only for personal, non-commercial, and educational purposes, provided proper citation is used – i.e., Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians Records, 1980-2013 (AC.870), W. L. Eury Appalachian Collection, Special Collections, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC. Researchers are responsible for securing permissions from the copyright holder for any reproduction, publication, or commercial use of these materials. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1983-1993 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource journals (periodicals) Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, Issue 10, Winter 1985-1986 Description An account of the resource The theme of the tenth issue of the Katúah Journal is on holistic healing, folk medicine traditions, and sacred places. Authors and artists in this issue include: Meridel LeSeur, Kate Rogers, Barbara Reimensnyder, Marlene Mountain, Stephen Knauth, Douglas A. Rossman, Nancy-Lou Patterson, D. Massey, David Wheeler, Roger Stephens, Richard Ciccarelli, Diannah Beauregard, J. Linn Mackey, and Karen Paquette. Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, later simplified to Katúah Journal, was published from 1983 to 1993. A quarterly publication, it was focused on the bioregion of former Cherokee land in Appalachia. The early issues of the journal explain the meaning of the Cherokee name, Katúah, and why the editors wanted to view the world through a bioregional lens, rather than political boundaries. A volunteer production, the editors took a holistic view in tackling social, environmental, mental, spiritual, and emotional topics of the day, many of which are still relevant. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1985-1986 Table Of Contents A list of subunits of the resource. Medicine Traditions Near Home.......1 Kate Rogers and Her Mountain Medicals.......3 Circles of Stone.......4 Internal Mythmaking: An Interview with Marlene Mountain.......6 "This is Heresy!" Holistic Healing on Trial.......9 Two Poems by Steve Knauth.......10 Cherokee Mythic Places.......11 The Uktena's Tale.......15 Crystal Magic.......19 Good Medicine: "What Makes a Place Sacred?".......20 Review: Deep Ecology.......21 Natural World News.......22 "Dreamspeaking".......24 Fall Katúah Gathering.......27 Note: This table of contents corresponds to the original document, not the Document Viewer. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Sylva Herald Publishing Company, Sylva, North Carolina Subject The topic of the resource Bioregionalism--Appalachian Region, Southern Sustainable living--Appalachian Region, Southern Holistic medicine Alternative medicine--North Carolina, Western Art Therapy Visions Herbs-Therapeutic use--North Carolina, Western Dream interpretation Sacred space Stone circles North Carolina, Western Blue Ridge Mountains Appalachian Region, Southern North Carolina--Periodicals Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/937"> AC.870 Katúah Journal records</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a title="In Copyright – Educational Use Permitted" href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-EDU/1.0/?language=en 8" target="_blank"> In Copyright – Educational Use Permitted </a> Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Appalachian Region, Southern Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. <a title="Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians" href="https://omeka.library.appstate.edu/collections/show/79" target="_blank"> Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians </a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Journals (Periodicals) Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1980s Acid Deposition Appalachian Mountains Appalachian Studies Black Bears Book Reviews Cherokees Children's Page Earth Energies European Immigration Folklore and Ceremony Good Medicine Habitat Hazardous Chemicals Health Katúah Pigeon River Plants and Herbs Poems Radioactive Waste Sacred Sites Turtle Island Water Quality Women's Issues https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/cb0662a1107e02a736e92f90cdc2f90f.pdf ef8b9a0b28d5d27d2222512b00b4eb12 PDF Text Text �� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians Records Description An account of the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, later simplified to Katúah Journal, was published from 1983 to 1993. A quarterly publication, it was focused on the bioregion of former Cherokee land in Appalachia. The early issues of the journal explain the meaning of the Cherokee name, Katúah, and why the editors wanted to view the world through a bioregional lens, rather than political boundaries. A volunteer production, the editors took a holistic view in tackling social, environmental, mental, spiritual, and emotional topics of the day, many of which are still relevant.  The Katúah Journal was co-founded by Marnie Muller, David Wheeler, Thomas Rain Crowe, Martha Tree and others who served as co-publishers and co-editors. Other key team members included Chip Smith, David Reed, Jay Mackey, Rob Messick and many others. This digital collection is only a portion of the Katúah-related materials in the W.L. Eury Appalachian Collection in Special Collections at Appalachian State University. The items in AC.870 Katúah Journal records cover the production history of the Katúah Journal. Contained within the records are correspondence, publication information, article submissions, and financial information. The editorial layouts for issues 12 through 39 are included as are a full run of the Journal spanning nearly a decade. Also included are photographs of events related to the Journal and a film on the publication. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived This resource is part of the Katúah Journal Records collection. For a description of the entire collection, see <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/937" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Katúah Journal Records (AC. 870)</a>. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The images and information in this collection are protected by the Copyright Law of the United States (Title 17, U. S. C.) and are intended only for personal, non-commercial, and educational purposes, provided proper citation is used – i.e., Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians Records, 1980-2013 (AC.870), W. L. Eury Appalachian Collection, Special Collections, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC. Researchers are responsible for securing permissions from the copyright holder for any reproduction, publication, or commercial use of these materials. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1983-1993 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource journals (periodicals) Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, Issue 11, Spring 1986 Description An account of the resource The eleventh issue of the Katúah Journal focuses on community planning for a sustainable future: what, why, and how. Floyd County in Virginia is highlighted as an example of a progressive community. Authors and artists in this issue include: Judith Hallock, Marnie Muller, J. Linn Mackey, Tom Hendricks, Rob Messick, Will Ashe Bason, Jane Avery-Grubel, Katherine Chantal, Judy Cox, Rob Yard, Cotton, Colleen Redman-Copus, Michael Red Fox, and David Wheeler. Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, later simplified to Katúah Journal, was published from 1983 to 1993. A quarterly publication, it was focused on the bioregion of former Cherokee land in Appalachia. The early issues of the journal explain the meaning of the Cherokee name, Katúah, and why the editors wanted to view the world through a bioregional lens, rather than political boundaries. A volunteer production, the editors took a holistic view in tackling social, environmental, mental, spiritual, and emotional topics of the day, many of which are still relevant. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1986 Table Of Contents A list of subunits of the resource. Why Community Planning.......1 Digging In: A Model.......2 Cities and the Bioregional Vision.......6 Recycling: Garbage in Transition.......7 Community Gardening.......9 The World Village: A Poem.......10 Seeing the Future Village.......10 Floyd County, VA.......12 Gasohol.......14 Two Bioregional Views.......15 Earthquake: The Nuclear Supplement Natural World News.......18 Good Medicine: Visions.......20 The Children's Page.......21 Review: Foxfire Games.......23 Note: This table of contents corresponds to the original document, not the Document Viewer. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Sylva Herald Publishing Company, Sylva, North Carolina Subject The topic of the resource Bioregionalism--Appalachian Region, Southern Sustainable living--Appalachian Region, Southern Community life--Appalachian Region, Southern Community development, Urban--North Carolina, Western Radioactive waste disposal--Appalachian Region, Southern Community garden--North Carolina--Asheville Floyd County (Va.) North Carolina, Western Blue Ridge Mountains Appalachian Region, Southern North Carolina--Periodicals Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/937"> AC.870 Katúah Journal records</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a title="In Copyright – Educational Use Permitted" href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-EDU/1.0/?language=en 8" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> In Copyright – Educational Use Permitted </a> Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. https://www.geonames.org/4759449/floyd-county.html Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant ||||osm Floyd County (Va.) Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. <a title="Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians" href="https://omeka.library.appstate.edu/collections/show/79" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians </a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Journals (Periodicals) Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1980s Agriculture Alternative Energy Appalachian Mountains Appalachian Studies Bioregional Definitions Book Reviews Cherokees Children's Page Community Education Good Medicine Habitat Hazardous Chemicals Katúah Poems Radioactive Waste Reading Resources Recycling Turtle Island Villages https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/a1feba40871ce614a08133c6846cda92.pdf 9ea20a95b097d62eeecabfc775e81415 PDF Text Text ---~ ATUAB $JOO ~ ISSUE XII ) " SUMMER 1986 �LIVI~ IN 'THE GARC>EN..............................................•...•...............1 r.c Tl-E Nl.n.EAR FEFERENDl.M..---···..····----·······-··········-···.3 SHIIT'Ali<E•••.••.•..•.•..•.......•......••••..•........................................................4 "Tl-E WATER CYCLE": A PC:EM...................................................•..6 'THE SACRE.D SCA,RAB.•...•...•...........................................................7 CIRCl.ES ~UNICATIC:>l'il-................................................•...8 a= fEVIEW: JHEWISE VOMN HERBAL FOO Tl-IE Cl-tll.DBEARI~ YEAR...........................................9 REVBV: 1HE SMALL-scAl..E AQ.JACULTI.JAE BOOK..........10 C3C:XD MEDONE: TOOA,COO.........................................................12 SUN ROOT.....•...................................................................................14 POEM: "THE HCMESTEAD ~ HORN MCX.JNTAIN"....-.............14 "HD..AHl'VlJ_.": THE FORMATIQ\J OF 1HE APPAl..ACl-tlAN ~NTAINS.............................................15 NATIJRAL ~ NEWS..............................................................19 '1l£ WIUDNTIEE": ACHILDREN'S STORY......-.................25 •. ,·,· i.~ '" NABC II...............................................................................................:;., M N ,.... Q) N ~ H ...l 0 ~ u i5 ~ ~ tj ~ g u M• ,.... co t< :i Q co = g 11111 ti ~ ... fj a 8 fll co a a ~ �...... ATUAH ~ Tf£ ffiSSlBLE ffiMOlst: LtUING 1 THE: GAPlOc(\) N "The garden", as it is known in the community below, occupies a small clearing among the folded ridges of the Black Mountains. In the summer the Rarden blooms profusely. Flowers, shrubs, vegetables, and trees crowd toget~r in what first appears to be a wild disarray of diverse colors and textures falling over the stone terraces stacked up the hillside. A tiny log cabin and gnomish yurt stand at the edge of the trees to one side, while "the pavilion", a large buildmg that is both work space and community danc~ hall looms above. In the midst ofthe riot of Rrowth, partners Joe Hollis and Rhea Rose Orm1Jnd work, looking like the small human figures in the middle of a Chinese paiflling. Joe has been on this site for 15 years now, intuitively creating an enviroMMnt to meet his particular needs of habitation, and consciously attuning and adapting himself to his chosen niche. KATUAH - page 1 ISSUE XII SUMMm 1986 by Joe Hollis illustrations by Rhea Rose Ormond "I came here with an idea to start a garden. It took: me a couple of years to clear trees and to build this cabin where I live now. But then I started to garden. I started right in front of the cabin, and I've been working out since then. The soil is good here; there's a lot of leaf mold in it. But it took: a lot of clearing to get out the roots, the stumps, the black:benies and the rocks. It is extremely rocky in this hollow. Some kind of landslide ended up here. The rocks are all jumbled; you can see how they ended up on top of each other. As I began to dig them out. I made rock piles. Then. to get rid of the rock piles, I made walls. Now this whole hillside is a tcrraccd garden, and the terraces are still growing. There arc rock piles down there right now waiting to get laid up. "I started with the standard flowering percnniaJ plants poppy, Sweet William, bulbs. All good, sturdy local varieties that I'd get by trading with old ladies down in the neighborhood. Then when I bad some walls laid up, I got the idea to put strawberries among the stones. Once I had the notion that plants could help tie the walls together, I stumbled into the world of rock gardening. For many people, rock - continued on p. 13 Summer 1986 �' 2!2·,·!l·.·#jW:·,·H:l U¢iijiJ@ld!#lt·UO,. · il!ll. EDITORIAL STAFF THIS ISSUE: Rob Messick Martha Tree Martha Overlock J. Linn Mackey David Wheeler Will Ashe Bason Chip Smith Mamie Muller Michael Red Fox Scott Bird Brad Stanback Judith Hallock EDITORIAL ASSISIANCE: Joe Roberts Brooks Michael Jeff Fobes EDITORIAL OFFICE THIS ISSUE: Asheville, NC PRINTEPBY: Sylva lk.rsls1 Publishing Co. Sylva, NC WEITEUSAI: TELEPHONE: (704) 252-9167 Kmih Box 873 Cullowbee, NC 28723 COVER· Rob Messick JR\10CllTJ0R 'fthf!""--. ~ Wt:. c.o.J£ ~ Cl..~E 'f~f'lhs: . . wf. CD.fl Live 'f~t::.f:h.Ef" . . . 'ti£ f ~r -.- CJ).N or Uu5t 'WE COil W E eDN 'f~lher .. . wrz 'f~ will OlrsdW:S. \w;al. ~ E"ARt\\ · T~ ... '11€ ~ bir-th f~ .. . paicE. our bo.bes. ~ ~ ~'4ES ~K as ONE". .. _ 'ti£ wi\\ uvf. oor clIEoJftS . Statement ofPurpose Here in the southern-most heanland of the Appalachian mountains, the oldest mountain range on our continent, Turtle Island, a small but growing group has begun to take on a sense of responsibiliry for the implications of that geographical and cultural heritage. This sense of responsibiliry centers on the concept of living within the natural scale and balance of universal systems and laws. We begin by invoking the Cherokee name "Kariiah" as the old/new name for this area of the mountains and for its journal as well. The editorial priorities for us are to collect and disseminate information and energy which pertains specifically to this area, and to foster the awareness that the land is a living being deserving of our love and respect. Living in this manner is the only way to ensure the sustainability of our biosphere and a lasting place for~ ourselves in its contifll4ing evolutionary process. ) , We seem to have reached the fulcrum point of a "db or die" situation in terms of a contilll4ed quality standard of life on this planet. It is the aim ofthis journal tO db its part in the re-inhabitation and re-culturation of the Kamah province of the Southern Appalachians. This province is indicated by its natural boundaries: the New River vicinity to the north; the foothills ofthe piedmont area to the east; Yona Mountain and the Georgia hill.s to the south; and the Tennessee River Valley to the west. Humbly, as self-appointed stewards with sacred instructions as "new natives" to protect and preserve its sacredness, we advocate a centered approach to the concept of decentralization and hope to become a support system for those accepting the challenge of sustainabiliry and the creation of harmony and balance in a total sense, here in this plaa. We welcome all correspondence, criticism, pertinent informa1ion, articles, artwork, etc. with hopes that K1l1fJ.gh will grow to serve the best interests of this region and all its living, breathing family members. • The Editors The Internal Revenue Service has declared K.aWAh a non-profit organization under section 50J(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. All contributions to KilWlb. are deductible from personal income tax. Summer 19 6 �I THE IMPORTANCE OF SAYING "NO" ' THE NORTH CAROLINA NUCLEAR WASTE REFERENDUM by Avram Friedman On May 6, 1986, 93% of the electorate in North Carolina rejected the location of a high level nuclear waste and spent fuel repository in that state. At first glance' this event may not seem astounding, but its political significance is potentially far-reaching and could mean a watershed of good news for environmentalists on the local, state, regional, and national levels. The news of this referendum is still so fresh that as of yet many organiz.ations, active individuals, and politicians have not grasped the meaning of what has happened. A Powerful New Tool For Local Organizations A powerful tool has just been handed to anti-nuclear waste, anti-nuclear energy, and environmental organiz.ations in North Carolina State officials and politicians who have their fingers lifted to the winds to sense the public mood, just ran into a hurricane. 1t is now a matter of public record that Nonh Carolinians almost unanimously reject participation in one part of the nuclear fuel cycle. Politicians can now be effectively pressured into taking further environmentally responsible actions. For example, since the referendum, the Citizens for a Choice on Nuclear Waste (CCNW), of Jackson County, has informed every state legislator that North Carolina should not enter into a "compact" with other southeastern states that would result in this state receiving all th~low-level radioactive waste produced by the entire region. CCNW told the politicians that the public would be informed how each legislator votes on the issue when the decision is made this July in Raleigh. Will politicians dare to stand against 93% of the public in an election year? Although the entire 93% cannot necessarily be transferred from one related issue to the next, a politician can only use the information available to him/her to draw assumptions about the public mood. The only concrete indication available at this time, concerning nuclear issues, is the waste referendum. Combined with the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident in April, the THERE WILL BE NO "SUSPENSION"OF To those who have worked on the related issues of the nuclear waste dump, the Monitored Retrievable Storage Facility (MRS), and the transportation of nuclear waste through the mountains of KatUah, it is blatantly obvious that the recent announcemer.t l.>y Energy Secretary John Herrington that the search for an eastern waste suppository has been "suspended" is a political move designed to take the heat off the incumbent administration until after the next presidential elections, at which time the hunt for the second nuclear waste suppository will be continued at full force. It is hard to believe the degree of callousness of those who would toy in this way with the hopes, the dreams, and the expectations of the people who live in the affected areas. Ultimately, their scheme will backfire, because eventually the people will know that they have been disenfranchised by the machinations of the technocrats who seem to wield so much power in government While it may put people to sleep for a time, in the end it will serve only to drive home the realization that doing away with nuclear involvement altogether is the only permanent solution to the problem of nuclear waste. Besides the obvious goal of manipulating the electoral vote, the strategic purposes of this move, the "suspension announcement", are twofold: First, the nuclear consortium hopes to divide the anti-waste movement They hope KA AH-page 3 that by offering a false security to the residents of the eastern states, they can increase the pressure on the western states to force a nuclear waste dump on them. Onoe this is accomplished, they will then tum their full attention to the goal of establishing a second dump site in the east The bureaucrats' second purpose is to create a lull in which they might establish an MRS facility in eastern Tennessee. The MRS always has been and still is the !'mt step in the strategy to bring a nuclear waste dump into the Appalachians. Allowing the MRS to be emplaced would constitute an engraved invitation to emplant a nuclear waste suppository in Katfiah sometime in the future. In one way the "suspension" announcement is helpful. It makes clear the difference between the politicians who are working in the interests of the people of this area and in the interests of the land itself and those politicians who are working strictly in their own interest or on behalf of large corporations in other parts of the country. Those who do not care about this land and its people are parading about crowing, "It's over! We've won! It's all finished now!" They are trying to disarm us and put us to sleep in the face of an impending nuclear catastrophe. But the leaders who have the interests of the people at heart are cautioning that the mountain interstates are stiJJ prime routes for the transportation of nuclear wastes and still referendum bas dramatically shifted the burden of popular support to the nuclear industry. Anti-nuclear groups will find it much easier to convince politicians that the safe political ground lies in opposing nukes. In addition to the political leverage gained in dealing with legislative action, anti-dump groups and individuals will now find it much easier and safer to carry out further actions against the U.S. Department · continued on . 26 DISBELIEF opposing the MRS. A truly conscientious leader would exhibit the courage to call for a moratorium on the construction and operation of all new nuclear facilities, but a leader of such caliber has not yet stepped forward. The "suspension" of the nuclear waste dump plan in the east does not mean a suspension of interest on the part of the DOE, but rather the suspension of a panicular strategic approach that has proved a failure. The DOE is simply going to approach its self-chosen task more carefully, trying to diYide and then conquer the anti-suppository movement and to disarm the people of Katuab in hopes they would awaken one day in the future to be faced with afait accompli in the form of an MRS facility installed in Tennessee just waiting to package high-level radioactive wastes for a second waste suppository in Appalachia. If this country is to have a nuclear future, and there is no doubt that this is what the DOE, the present political administration, and the giant energy corporations desire, there will necessarily have to be a second nuclear waste dump. The recent "suspension" of activity makes clear our task: to expose the actual environmental and economic costs of nuclear power and to promote the development of a more viable fuel to power our future. , ummer 1986 �by Michael Red Fox The generic name is Lentinus e®des, but say "shc-i-ta'-kee" if you want people to know that you arc talking about an oriental mushroom that has become a popular item in western urban gourmet cuisine. Long known in both China and Japan as "The Emperor's Food" and jealously guarded by Samurai warriors, shiitake today offers the more democratic promise of being a low-cost way to diversify small farm income and to improve the health of regular users. Demand for the dark brown, wide-gilled shiitakc mushrooms far exceeds the present supply. Why the demand? Because as well as being renowned for its flavor, the easily grown mush.room resists bruising and spoiling and can be quickly pickled, canned, or dried (remaining nutritious for 13 months). Using beat to dry shiitakc enhances certain popular navor characteristics. Shiitakc rehydrates well and when cooked maintains its color and impartS a smokey. full-bodied, aromatic navor while maintaining a delightfully delicate, fleshy texture. It can be added to any dish which uses the familiar white mushroom, though much Jess shiitakc is needed. Shiitakc has twice the protein value of the common mushroom and contains all eight essential amino acids in proportions similar to that or milk and animal nesh. It is low in calorics and contains large amounts of B vitamins and minerals. For centuries, the Japanese have priud the health· giving benefits of shiitake. Now modern research shows that shiitake reduces scrum cholesterol, strengthens the immune system against viral diseases, and bas prevented or caused remission of certain typeS of tumors in mice. Sbiitake already generates more than $1 billion annually in export sales for Japan. There arc nearly 200,000 shiitake growers in Japan raising 161,000 metric tons of shlitake every year. Toby Farris, head of the USDA Mushroom Project in Asheville, NC, estimates that small farms in KatUah can increase their incomes 30% by growing shiitakc. But he suggests that small farmers gradually develop shiitakc cultivation as a stabilizing second income rather than trying to turn it into a get-rich.quick scheme. Market price of fresh shiitake is anywhere from $4.00 - 20.00 per pound. This price varies according to the quality of GROWING SHIITAKE - HERE'S HOW There arc six key cultivation phases in growing shiitakc, each of which requires careful attention. These arc: 1) obtaining viable inoculum (spawn) in pure culture and storing it until use, 2) preparing logs for cultivation, 3) inoculation, 4) laying the logs to favor fungal growth, 5) raising the spawn to favor fruiting, and 6) harvesting and storing the crop. Spawn: Shiitakc spawn is usually grown on small dowel or peg-like pieces of wood 3/8 to 3/4 inches in length that are supplied in sealed autoclaved plastic containers. Occasionally it is grown on sawdust. The spawn should be moist, generally white, and appear rather fuzzy. Spawn may be kept as long as one year under refrigeration. The retail cost of spawn varies widely, so it would pay to carefully check different prices and quality. the product and the location of the market A com of oak firewood can sell for as little as $30.00. That same cord of wood could produce between $1,000 - 2,000 of shiitake during the average five-year life cycle. Preparing the logs: The most important ingredient of a good shHtakc farm is a sustainable source of hardwoods, prefcrabTy oak,. 6CCCii, or hornbeam. Softer hardwoods, such as poplar and maple arc being used experimentally to nurture shiitakc mushrooms, but whether they have a commercial future is still uncertain. White, black, northern red, and chestnut oak wilJ hold onto their bark and maintain the proper moisture content for shiitake. Thick-barked trees, such as locust, hamper the inoculations and spread of the shiitakc spawn. A growing area is necessary that provides protection from direct sunlight (70-85% shade is best) and from strong winds. Nearby there must be a good source of clean water. Shiitake is a non-pathogenic fungus and will not grow on living tissues. It survives on dead wood only and must establish itself before competitive fungi colonize the wood. For these reasons, only live trees arc cut for shiitakc cultivation. Cutting the live tree is best done in the fall or winter to capture the supply of sugar stored in the dormant wood. Also the bark tends to stay on the logs longer if the trees arc cut when the leaves arc gone. Keeping the bark on the logs and keeping it intact is �critical for proper moisture control and to block competitive "weed" fungi Logs are cut to 3-5 foot lengths and may be 2-8 inches in diameter. Branches may also be used. Seal the ends of the logs with a latex paint or soft wax to provide a moisture barrier and to keep out the "weed fungi". It is important to keep the exposed log ends from coming in contact with the soil. Therefore, never skid the logs from the forest. Soil contact greatly increases contamination of the logs. Stack the logs off the ground for six weeks to allow the natural defense mechanism against fungi to die off and allow the moisture level to adjust to 50-70%. How will you know when the logs have reached the proper moisture level? It can be measured by slicing off the end of a log and weighing it This figure is the net weight Weigh the cut end again after it has been dried overnight in a warm oven. This figure is the dry weight. Subtracting the dry weight from net weight gives the weight of the water in the slice. Dividing that figure by the net weight of the piece gives the percent of moisture in the log. Before inoculation, scrape lichen, mosses and debris off the logs without damaging the barlc. Inoculation: Inoculation is best done when daytime temperatures are 50-60 degrees F and the coldest weather is past. March and April are the best times to inoculate. Inoculation should be done in a shaded area to avoid direct exposure of the spawn to sunlight To inoculate the logs, drill holes 6-8 inches apart in a row along the length of the log. Insert a dowel in each hole immediately after drilling. Space the rows so that the holes are staggered and 2-3 inches apart around the citcumfercnce of the log. Tap the dowels in gently with a hammer and immediately brush over the plug with a thin layer of wax. Growth begins almost immediately under favorable conditions. If sawdust-grown spawn is used, the holes should be completely filled with the sawdust-and-spawn mixture. Laying: In practice, most failures in shiitake cultivation have been traced to incorrect stacking of the logs in the "laying yard" that creates conditions that favor "weed fungi" instead of the shiitake. Logs should be laid at a 45 degree angle to encourage growth of the shiitake mycelia. They should be reversed every 2-4 months to encourage even mycelial growth. In addition, the logs may be soaked in water for 18-24 hours if necessary during exceptionally dry periods. The optimum conditions in the laying yard are temperatures between 59-82 degrees F and a relative humidity of 80-85%. Raising: The following winter the logs can be moved to the "raising yard". There they arc laid nearly upright or stacked log cabin style and kept shaded and moist until fruiting. A relatively dry log surface will help discourage the growth of surface molds. Therefore, if logs are watered artificially, they should be watered thoroughly for a relatively short period of time. Studies show that if motsture is maintained near 70%, a 50% increase in production will result, but light, frequent waterings should be avoided. In commercial production, dehydration of the logs followed by soaking in cool water 55-70 degrees F is often done to stimulate fruiting. Logs that have been dehydrated usually produce bumper crops within a week of being soaked! Soaking also tends to eliminate cerUin kinds of pests. Any logs that lose their bark should be discarded. Old logs should be disposed of in a separate location a good distance from the cultivation site. logs ca.n provide 3-5 years of consistent cropping of shiitake mushrooms. Cultivated in the Orient for more than 400 years and praised as the "ginseng of mushrooms" and "elixir of life'', shiitake offers special promise for small farmers in Katuah. Happy 'shrooming! SOURCES OF SHIITAKE MUSHROOM SPAWN AND CULTIVATION AIDS: Fruiting: Shiitake is capable of fruiting only after the mycelia have completely colonized the log. First fruiting usually occurs early in spring or in late fall of the year following inoculation. At this time, a fuzzy white fungal growth can be seen at the cut ends of the Jog in the sapwood area, especially just under the bark. From this time on, conditions should be altered w favor fruiting. To fruit, the fungus requires abundant moisture, sufficient air movement, and little exposure to light Fruiting is favored by cool nights of 46-72 degrees F followed by warm days and a constantly high relative humidity of 85-90%. When the mushrooms appear, the caps begin as round buttons and flatten out as the mushroom matures. They will eventually reach a size of 2-6 inches in diameter. A flush of shiitake may last a week. Harvesting: Mushrooms are harvested as the cap begins to open to expose the gills. Fresh shiitake can be stored under refrigeration in ventilated containers for 2 weeks. Continuing Harvests: After ceasing to produce mushrooms, the logs must be rested for 3-6 months in an environment similar to the raising conditions. Winter conditions in KatUah ordinarily would not damage the mycelia as they lay dormant, ready to flush again during the next spring and again the following fall. Properly treated and cured, American Forest Mushroom Association P.O. Box 1362 Asheville, NC 28802 Ellie Corporation Route 1 Arvonia, VA 23004 Mushroompeople P.O. Box 158 Inverness, CA 94937 Dr. Yoo Farm P.O. Box 290 College Park, MD 20740 REFERENCES: Shiitake News ($25 I year) from Forest Resource Center Route 2, Box 156-A Lanesboro, MN 55949 Shiitake Oardcnine and Fannin& by Bob Harris ($3.00) CUltiyation of Shiitake The Japanese forest Mushroom. on Loes by Gary Leatham ($1.50) How to erow Forest Mushrooms CShiitakel by Daniel D. Kuo and Maw H. Kuo ($10.45) (Books listed above are available from Mushroompeople) " �KATUAH - page 6 Sum.mer 1986 �I have been _successfully experimenting with scandt1'cctles and their larvae as an answer to the problem of disposing of human waste. After eight years of 'field research', I feel I can now pass on what I have uncovered to .Ka.1Wih readers. Scarab beetle larvae eat fecal matter with a vengeance, turning it into a flaky, dry, odorless substance, which can later be used as a fertilizer. It is an extremely sanitary process, and no flies venture near the scarab beetle's domain, as they'll eat fly eggs too. The waste becomes so broken down or compacted that an individual could not fill a two foot square bole for many years no matter how much food be consumed. A change of location will not confuse the beetles, provided it is not too far away. All you need do is dig a new hole and bait it, and when spring has been around for a while, the beetles will be in the base of the hole awaiting your return. They will roll the fecal matter into little balls and lay their eggs. You may cover the hole with the luxury of an outhouse, or simply cover it with plywood so the scarabs won't drown when it rains. And as a matter of courtesy I avoid urinating on them. An empty jar will suffice for thaL Also avoid using lime. In peak summer months, one visit to the outhouse will be disposed of in a matter of minutes, provided you have built up a good population. They slow down activity when the nights get below freezing, and when the days no longer hold wannth they become dormant, not noticeably becoming efficient again until late spring or early summer. I know one fellow who kept his larvae warm enough to keep them active throughout the year so that there was no gap. I have an alternative outhouse that I use a few months out of the year. This past year my larvae did not close up shop until early January, but I kept a number of the larvae alive on into the winter by placing a large frying pan over them. On cold ni~hts this was warmed by a candle I placed m a jar covered by a metal lid punched with holes. I would pull it all off in the mornings and all the little things would be huddled under the operation. But I began to worry that I might be interfering with their normal life cycle or that when the new adults came, they might cat the balls with the eggs. In any case, on the coldest night of the year they perished. Either the candle went out, or after setting up my little rig, trembling, with a flashlight in my mouth, I forgot to light the candle. They must have cocooned or died thinking I was crazy. I think they can be kept alive in the KA AH-page 7 winter, but at this time I would recommend keeping a batch to survive the winter and a batch to keep their natural cycle for this region. Facts on scarab beetles arc mentioned in some texts, but utilizing their undertakings has never been considered, nor their effectiveness realized. At least not since the Egyptians, who regarded both beetles and their larvae as sacred. My variety of beetle is indigenous to the piedmont of South Carolina. They arc black and arc about the size of a quarter. A smaller, colorful variety has infiltrated their ranks in lesser numbers. I do not have any good pictures of them. I have a very overexposed slide of one beetle. The slide was taken under far too powerful a flash. The photographer should have gone with a bright light (but be was stressfully lazy). Usually they arc very gentle and docile, but this poor beetle must have bu.med its retinas out, for it went berserk - I never knew they could move that fast I put it back in the gallon jar to take it back home, but somehow it escaped, probably into the environs of the car, and I have felt quite sick about it ever since. When you get to know them, you will know that this is no joke. I have never considered turning this operation into a business, though the right person with the right setup could easily do so. If the dung ball gets rolling I could bask in the knowledge that I had done humankind, Mother Earth, and life itself a great service. I do not really eat enough to punch them out in vast quantities, though I do have more than enough, and usually feel obligated to make sure they get enough to eat during their active cycles. If I bad a larger setup a.n d more active, shitting humans, populations would soar. And I could go to Europe! I personally started with about 60 larvae. I expect 7- 10,000 by late summer, but it could be in the millions with more food. Sending larvae is a way to start a herd. They arc clean and easy to ship. I am willing to give away starter colonies maybe for a $10.00 mailing and handling fee. And if someone is enterprising enough to get a business going, a bumble royalty would not insult my virtues. Neither the larvae nor the beetles arc offensive to the sight or in any other manner. They are man (sic) and beast at their finest hour. For more information, contact Corry P.O. Box 5242 Columbia, SC 29250 The ancien1 Egyptians Wt!refascinated by the small scarab beetle. The scarab beetle, Scarabeus sggr, "lays its eggs in a ball of dung some two inches across,· this it subsequen1ly pushes around with its rear legs with great determination, loohng for a suitable crevice in which to deposit it. Inside the ball, the larvaefud on the dung until they eventually break through the ball to freedom. This was regarded by the ancienr Egyptians as a most mysterious process of self-generation: the young butlu appearing from a ball qfdung aµr they had been helped only by a single scarab butle. Jn a grand analogy, ii was a beetle thal was seen to be rolling the sun itself over the eastern horizon, as the climax to the self generative processes thal had taken place during the night. The beetle itself became a symbol for the change of state from deaJh to rebirth, which was ofprimary interest to the ancienl theologians, who described it in sorru: ofthe long tats ofthe royal tombs in considerable detail. The beetle also became one ofthe most popular symbols of ancien1 Egypt and small scarab seals were made in mi/JWns, a tradition thal continues to this day. It seems too, that parts of the mysterious functions of this beetle have never been lost since ancien1 times; early in the presen1 cenJUry the village women of Thebes ate these harny black insects which were supposed to aid their fertility, and many properties similar to the ancient symbolisms are attributed to Scarabeus sacer in the writings of the mediaeval alchemists." from valley Qf tbc Kines. byJohnRorru:r, 1981. ~ Summer 1986 �"-"X.1.NB NEW FR.1.ENDI HAV\NCl J'UNI J'1.JU:I "11.'JlU>UT '1.o\'J'Cf(£1 J'ORAB1.NB "11.LD FOODI CONCf:N'Jll..tTI.ON •.. .• CR.ljlTALI ... . . tC&U.1.NB 11.NCl'lNCl D.ANC1.NCl DR.WU 1.N TH£ 11"1£.U LOME . •••• KAWAH - page 8 J'1.ND'lNCl "1KO "1£ ~ Summer I 986 �Review Wise Woman Herb al Childbearing Year for the by Susun S. Weed published by Ashtree Publishing, POB 64, Woodstock, NY 12498 ($ 6.95 plus $ 2.00 for shipping & handling) reviewed by Ise Williams For more than a million years Wise Women have used herbs - ga1hered, eaten, tended, loved herbs - and taughl their daughters the wisdom of herbs in the cllildbean·ng year. In Europe, five hundred years ago, men tortured and burned the Wise Women who healed with herbs, the midwives, the ones who celebrated the cyclical ways. Calling them witches, they burned them in millions and broke the flow of mother-to-daughter transmission. In the Americas, their sons in later years killed the medicine women and c11randeras. the Wise Women of the New World. Then they denied the existence of Wise Wome" in history. Without our connections ro each other and the Earth, withollt our mothers' wisdom, we forgot our power. When we were told that we had no souls, and no minds, and no sisters, we believed it was true. When they cold us that childbearing was too difficult for women, midwives, and herbs, we believed it was true. Bm the Wise Women live in our dreams, our visions, our deepest munories. We hear their whispers, and we listen.. Wise Women herbalists see the whole herb, the physical forces and the subtle forces, and respect the wholeness. Wise Women make use of rite color, form, spirit, and substance of a plant, using it as a whole, not dividing it into parts and seeing power only in the HactiveH principle. Wise Women lcnbw thaJ we are each whole and unique, in an individu.a l, everchanging, symbiotic relationship with herbs. Wise Woman healing is grounded, earthed, rooted. The Wise Woman accepts herself and her changes, her moods, and her bleedings. She tends to birthing and dying withaur alienaiion from herself or rite ones site helps. Site is open to the life song surrounding her, she ~ the secrets of the herbs. Fairies appear to her; devas bless her. All that she needs for health and well-being grows within the fall of her foot. This book speaks to the Wise Woman in you - the pregnant woman - aT1d to the Wise Woman in your mare, lover, midwife, doctor, childbinh educator, and friends. It is based on the belief that you are capable of observing yo1u own body, heart, and mind, responding to the messages you receive during the childbearing year, and caring/or yourself in a context of loving s11ppon and assistance. ·from the introduction Thie; is a wonderful herbal. one that I'm sure will become the companion of many a pregnant woman, and also a resource that goes far beyond lhe childbearing year. Since pregnancy is a period of growth which couches on all aspeccs of our lives, I find many of the issues covered are also applicable to the situations of my non-pregnant friends, women and men alike. The dedication makes clear the spirit m which lhe book is written: May the six directzons empower tlus medicine work. May it be pleasing to my grandmothers, the a11ciem ones. And may it be of benefic to all beings. One of lhe chapters, titled "Herbal Pharmacy", covers very concisely how co respectfully encounter planes in our environment and how to safely tum them into water-. alcohol and oil-based herbal medicines. le is an excellent and comprehensive guide for everyone desiring to take responsibility for their own health care. KATUAH - page 9 The book is written in the Wise Woman tradition, which views everything as cyclical and deeply interconnected. In these ancient traditions, once owned by each tribe and each people, women were the gacherers and growers of herbs, the nunurers, and the healers. Today more and more men are beginning to work out of the same stream of consciousness. However, in our society the oral tradition has been brutally interrupted by the medieval witch burnings. A large body of knowledge was destroyed and losL We are only now beginning to reclaim it. Healing ways evencually were narrowed down co male-dominated allopathic medicine, which is linear in Lhink.ing and promotes a world view of black and white, of sickness versus health. Wise Woman healing begins with nourishing and nurturing and reseIVes dramatic interventions as the last reson. "Wise Women understand the attunement built into our cells after thousands of generations nourished on wild foods, the special kinship our bodies have with the vital elements condensed in herbs", says Susun Weed. Consequently you'll find in this Wjse Woman Herbal references to other pertinent publications, addresses of conscientious herb businesses, appendices that list herbal soun:es of vitamins and minerals, and recipes for herbal preparations. There are lovingly handwritten notes in the margins that give the names of herbs in different languages - including Russian and Chinese! A comprehensive index makes it easy to locate specific information. Susun's knowledge cenainly could fill many a volume. I hope that Susun will find the time to be a prolific writer, besides being an avid gardener, homesteader, naturalist, feminist artist, and travelling lecturer/workshop facilitator. Presently, her busy schedule takes ber from coast to coast, attending herbalists' conferences and sharing the knowledge extracted from 20 years of studying and working with medicinal herbs. The Wjse Woman Herbal is written with compassion and from direct experience. It is not just another compilation /;:;41" of facts retrieved from other books. What a blessing! p '* Elder The fragile, cream-colored flowers of Sambucus species, when tinctured., provide a superb remedy for treating infants' fevers. Elder blossom tincture seems to encourage balance in the mechanism which regulates temperature. It reduces frighteningly high fevers without fail. Put one drop per pound of body weight directly under your baby's tongue, or slide the dropper alongside your nipple and administer the drops while the baby is nursing. (Measure the drops into a spoon, then take the correct dose into the empty dropper.) The dose may be repeated as often as needed; it is completely harmless. The fever usually begins to decrease within a few hours of the first dose. Stories abound about the dangerous Elder. And there is a story told all over the world, in different cultures and various versions, of the woman who lives in the Elder. Sometimes she is called the Elder Lady, sometimes Elder Woman, but my favorite name for her is Elda Mor. The stories say that Elda Mor is a Wise Woman who has taken the shape of a tree in order to heal her children. She is powerful and she demands respect. If you wish to have her help, you must honor her. If you abuse her, or fail to ask her permission to take part of her, Elda Mor will poison you. Elder grows somewhere near you; look and ask for her. When you find an Elder bush, develop a relationship with Elda Mor. Visit with her from time to time. Then, when the Elder blooms, go out in the moonlight and tell her of your desire to heal with her magic and her knowledge. She wilJ respond, granting permission for you to take her sweet flowers. Thank her and put up your tincture immediately, capturing moon beams, Elder dreams, and the ancient wisdom of women in your bottle. From The Wjse Woman Herbal for the Chjldbearine Year �Review: THE FRESHWATER AQUACU LT URE BOOK A handbook for small scale fish culture in North America The Freshwater Aguaculture Book· A Handbook for Small Scale Fish Culture jn Noah America; William McLamey (Point Roberts, WA 98281; Box 147; Hartley and Marks, 1984) 600 pp. 150 illustrations; appendices, index. available from the publisher for $40.00 plus $1.00 handling. The need/or aquaculture arises from the same root as thaJ for agriculture. It is commonly accepted thaJ it would be impossible to supply human demands for meat solely on the basis of hunring wild game, or to provide all our fruits and vegetables by foraging in the naJUral environment. Yet most of the world still obtains fish in this manner, through traditional "capture" fisheries based on natural stocks ..... The current world harvest of about seventy million metric tons per year is not nearly enough to go around, much less to keep pace with the demands imposed by a still-increasing human population. The obvious solution is oquacubure. - The Freshwater Aquaculture Boole Bill McLarney was trained as a fisheries biologist at John Carroll University and the University of Michigan. He was a co-founder and director of aquaculture studies at the New Alchemy Institute in Massachusetts, which for 20 years has done pioneer experiments in ecological living. He presently divides his time between Fran.k lin, NC in Katiiab and Costa Rica, where he is director of New Alchemy's Central America project In the l 970's McLarney and his co-workers at New Alchemy developed innovative techniques for small-scale, low-budget fish culture. Because of their careful study, observation, and creativity, many of the methods developed then still stand as the simplest and most efficient available today. McLamey has distilled his years of experience and research into The Freshwater Aguaculturc Book. He has taken on an ambitious project, and has succeeded in giving us a highly useful tool: a comprehensive manual for raising all known varieties of food fish (as well as some types of aquatic animals) in all the areas of Turtle Island where fish-raising is feasible. There are also sections on greenhouse and closed system culture. McLamey's work is by far the most complete collection of factual material on the topic to date, but it is also of importance that he writes from a perspective that respects the needs and conditions of local ecologies and the "hidden" economic value and practicality of the efforts of small producers. This makes The freshwater Aquacul!ure Book eminently appropriate and a very valuable resource for people who choose to worJc in the context of their own particular locale. WORLD AQUACULTURE The introduction to the book is a brief survey of the history and practice of aquaculture around the world. But in the course of the world overview, McLarney breaks down these two primary values, ecological awareness and decentralization, into a set of principles which underpin the information he presents throughout the book. Illustrative examples are drawn mainly from the Chinese aquaculture system, which McLamey regards as the most highly develo~ in terms of simplicity, productivity, efficiency, and minimal environmental disruption. But although the language is "fish culture", the principles expressed could serve as well to ensure the sound operation and long-term survival of any type of bioregional enterprise. Keep in mind thaJ part ofthe secret ofChinese fish culture is in making the best use of a given local ecology and materials. However, consider this: The currem average production of traditional pond polyculture in China is said to be over 4 ,000 lb/acre/year (4,412 kg/ha/yr). (Much higher yields are achieved in southern China and in southeast Asia, where the growing season is year-round.) This is accomplished primarily through the use of fertilizers, with no processed feeds whatsoever, with virtually no technology, and using ancient methods developed without benefit of scientific research . The products of Chinese pond polyculture have traditionally been available widely and cheaply; they are an important factor in the nutrition of the Chinese people, as well as in Chinese high cuisine. Chinese aquaculture may also be regarded as ecologically beneficial, as it provides a facility f or recycling organic "wastes". The effect of s.kik must be considered for any enterprise in terms of economics, necessary labor, and relation to the surrounding environment to determine what is truly the most effective and appropriate system. l l i Freshwater Aquaculture Book emphasizes the simplest possible systems that require the least capital investment and are easiest to construcL INTEGRATED FARMSTEAD _ _ , _..,.,..... a. ,.....,. ... ,.. ....... .. -------.!_ ----___ -_ __ _ --.--......----_ __ - --............................... ......... .__ ...._. .. .......... , ,..... .. ··- ~ ._ 11. T... _ _ _ ,.... _ _ · --- _ - _____ ,.... ----·--...... ,_,~ 12. ~ ... - . . - - , _ ...... ta.- ..... - - - - . - 14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -~----- ,.._...--. ,.. "·- ------"-Cont---. -19. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21.21.IU_...._ 24........W--._,..... KAWAH - page JO Surnrnerl986 �From the many aquatic habitars available, rite Chinese chose the small pond as providing the best combination of prod11ctiviry and manageability. Though aquaculrure has subseque111ly been pracriced in virmally every orher type of aquaric environmen.t, the truth of this rarely acknowledged insighr remains. Ponds are nawrally present in many localities and may be constructed, by hand labor if necessary, in nwst other places. As compared to larger laJces and the oceans, a higher percentage of pond warer is relatively shallow, hence more productive and easier to harvesr. Srreams represent a rheorerically more productive environment, but use of flowing waler often raises comperirive situations with regard to water righ1s,j1Shing, pollution, ere culrure or eaJ comnu:m carp, and aquaculrurisrs had to seek other fishJo raise. It was found rhar if one stocked several kinds offish - say one which fed on the botrom, one which fed in mid-water, and one which could eat green leaves provided by the farmer - grearer yields would be achieved rhan if one stocked the same number of common carp only. This was the beginning ofpolyculture. Through trial and error and observation, Chinese fish culrurists eventually developed much more complex polyculrures, in some cases including as many as a dozen species. These culrure systems are ofren unique to a particular locality, having taken advantage of local conditions, availability of stocks ofj1Sh, feed, or ferrilizer marerials. WASTE UTILIZATION What we wish to create are living systems, but it must be remembered that these living systems are always parts of greater ecosystems or natural communities and can only be considered as parts of the larger whole. This concept Mclarney calls jntemrion. It is nor customary in Norrh America 10 rlunk of bodies of water used for intensive aquaculture as parrs of a total farm ecosystem. A commercial fish/arm is afHh.farm period. Yet inregrarion of terrestrial and aquaric crops and byproducrs is part and parcel of many rraditional Oriental food-producing systems. The Oriental approach, which is more ecologically sensirive and less dependent on technology, may be difficult to adapt to a large-scale commercial situation in North America, but the small, diversified/armer, parricularly the/armer for whom fish is a subsistence crop, would do well to study it. The related principlcS' of diversity and~ are basic m considering any living community. Application of these two ideas can work to stabilize and maximize the productivity of a fish farm, as they do in nature. It happened that the family name of the Tang emperors was Lee, which has the same sound as the Chinese word/or the common carp. For a time it was considered sacrilegious to trout, e totem spirit of the Appalachian The cul tu waters, is well covered in The Freshwater AQuaculturc .RQQk, and author Bill McLamey emphasizes methods that are suitable and affordable for the small farmer and homesteader. Bass-bluegill combinations do well in ponds in all but the highest elevations of Katuah, but trout will always be most in demand as the pre-eminent Appalachian food fish and as representative of the cold, pristine waters beneath forested slopes that so many people come here to find. Trout have special requirements for their culture and require strict adherence to certain conditions to do well. They thrive only in cold water (50-60 degrees F) and require a high dissolved oxygen content (7 ppm) to simulate the freshness of a running stream - moving water is the best habitat. Trout are almost exclusively carnivorous and therefore require high-protein feeds. Because they favor cold water, they grow more slowly than do other fish species, and they are very sensitive to excessive handling and pollution. Cold water environments have a low nutrient-carrying capacity, so cold water food chains are shortened. Few intermediate-size or vegetarian fish share natural trout habitats. Therefore, trout ponds are essentially monoculture situations, which seems to violate the principle of diversifying the fishpond, but trout are virtually the only accepted food fish that can be grown in cold water, and their popularity makes their culture worthwhile. Because The Freshwater Aguaculture Book is a compendium of information covering fish-raising throughout Turtle Island, no one fish farmer will be able to use all the information the book contains. The best way to use the book KA AH - page 11 It is said in the study of ecology that a climax system, the most stable community possible at a given location, develops many layers of use for available materials, so that very little energy leaks out of the system. In human terms, this is stated as "Recycle!", and an important negative cntcrion of a system's effectiveness is the amount of waste it generates. A system truly integrated within itself and in the natural surroundings produces a rninimum of waste. The Chinese seem to have recognized rhe value of pond fertility early on, and to have understood thatfish could be grown more cheaply through fenilizarion with "wastes" than by direct feeding with marerials which could be eaten by other livesrock or by people. These basic principles, which are also basic to the ideas we choose to call "bioregional", are underlying assumptions to the text of The Freshwater AQuaculture Book and are inherent even in the structure of the book itself. For in presenting fish culture, McLamey does not set out pat formulas or a dogmatic school of practice. Rather, he 1) introduces the fish and their habitat requirements, 2) gives - continued on p. 24 is to read it through one time to get an overview of aquaculture, the conditions that need to be considered, and the options available, then to go back, aided by the comprehensive index, and look up the special requirements of the fish to be raised and find the most appropriate methods. Whether one wants to raise trout commercially for sale to restaurants, operate a catch-your-own trout pond, or just have a convenient source for a quick supper in the back yard, trout raising has a place on almost any small farm in Katilah where flowing water is available. Among trout species, the rainbow trout (Sa/mo gafrdneri ) responds best to culture. The native brook trout (Sa/mo fontinalis) are smaller, prefer colder water, and grow more slowly. They are therefore raised only when the farmer has a specific market or a specific personal preference for them. Brown trout (Salnw trutta ) are the preferred fish in commercial hatcheries for stream stocking. Of the three species, brown crout are the hardest to catch, most tolerant of pollution, and attain the greatest size where food is plentiful. But the browns are sensitive to overcrowding and the least favored for eating, and so a.re not widely cultured as a food source. DESIGNING A TROUT FARM The type of enclosure in which the fish are contained is determined by the amount of moving water available and the size of the operation desired. Ponds are easiest and most economical to construct for the amount of water contained, but raceways (defined by McLamey as any enclosure where there is a constantly moving CWTCnt perceptible throughout) as used in commercial hatcheries, can produce more fish in a given area of available space. McLamcy discusses the advantages of each and gives siting and design considerations. Trout feeding is another important variable that is - continued on . 21 Summer 1986 �TOBACCO We have been told that no non-food plant has had so great an impact on humans as tobacco. It has affected the whole world. It is a plant native to this continent, Turtle Island, but now there is not a country in the world that does not use tobacco in some fonn or other. The elders say that tobacco is an ancient planL The native Cherokee people call it the Old One or Tsal Agayun1i. They believe that after the lichen, moss and fem that the fU'St plant was ginseng and the second plant was tobacco. Native people consider plants to have a gender and a personality like people. Medicine plants are plants used for direct healing by treating a disease of the body or by altering a person spiritually. European science would say that it is the "active principle" in the drug that makes one well Native people call the healing power of plants the "spiritual personality" of the planL Healing with plants was based on the principle of using something positive to get rid of the negative or bad thing causing sickness. The spiritual personality of tobacco used in the traditional way was female and positive. We have been told that there were two original types of tobacco used by native people. The old tobacco, Nicotiana rustica, has yellow blossoms, the other, Nicoriana tabacwn, has pink blossoms. The old tobacco has about ten times the nicotine content of the tobacco raised commercially today. The old tobacco was jealously protected by the Cherokee. It was not usually traded with other tribes, but the pink-flowered tobacco was a common trade item. We have been told that the old tobacco was used for ritual and medicine purposes. It was raised in a special way. A medicine person would go into the woods and plant the tobacco seed in a spot he would clear by burning. They might plant eight or ten of these patches so that no one would see the tobacco. The tobacco would lose its power if someone else saw it growing. We have been told that tobacco was smoked in a ritual at the beginning of any important councils. The hopes and prayers of the people were sent up to all of the creation as the smoke rose to the heavens. It was also the custom to smoke tobacco when someone visited another person's lodge. The pipe was brought out and liL It would be passed around and everyone would take one or two puffs of the sacred smoke before the conversation would begin. We have been told that tobacco was used also in fasting and on vision quests. It helped a person fast because it cwbed the appetite and suppressed the need to sleep. The old tobacco of the Cherokees also helped to bring dreams and visions. We have been told that the pipes in which tobacco is smoked arc important Native people have medicine pipes and social pipes. Social pipes are made from clay or stone. - page 12 Medicine pipes are carved from soapstone. The Cherokee carved pipes are made from red or black soapstone. The red stone is preferred, but it is hard to come by so that most medfoine pipes are black. Images, say of a totem spirit or animal teacher are carved on Cherokee pipes. A medicine pipe never "belongs" to an individual. It is given to a person by someone who thinks they are ready for the pipe. Sometimes the pipe is a new one carved by the giver. Sometimes the pipe bas been passed through several hands. An individual is considered the caretaker, not the owner, of the pipe. It is their responsibility to see that the pipe is passed on in a good way. "A good way" means that the pipe's new caretaker will take care of the pipe, use it responsibly, and in tum pass it on. We have been told that tobacco was an integral part of a special ceremony to protect a sick person from "liver eaters". These were people that bad the power to create an illusion. They did not actually have the power to tum themselves into an owl or raven, but they could create this illusion. That is bow they moved abouL They would come into a lodge and kiss a sick person or a person nea.r death to taste the sweetness of their breath. The liver eater would then draw the power from the liver of the suffering person. This would immediately kill the person and the liver eater would receive however much time that person had been fated to live to extend its own evil life. We arc told that in the ceremony to protect the sick person, the medicine people would drive four sourwood stakes around the lodge. They would then go into the sick person's lodge and make a fire with sourwood or wood from a tree that had been struck by lightning and had lived. They would heap up the hot coals into a pile. Then they would take a pinch of fine-ground "old" tobacco and hold it over the coals. When the tobacco was dropped. it would fall in the direction from which the liver eater was coming. If it hit directly on center, then the liver eater was in the room or above the roof. Theo another pinch of tobacco was dropped. If it sparked or made an explosion, a person in the community would die in four or five days, and that person was the liver eater. That was how they killed the liver eaters. We have been told that native people used the old tobacco as an insect repellant on plants. It works well on everything except tomatoes. Tobacco extract was spread on beans and on the silks of the com. If insects eat the sprayed parts they die, but usually the scent confuses the insects so that they are not attracted. The only thing that eats tobacco is the tobacco worm. Native people used the extract of the nightshade plant to kill the tobacco worm. The extract was made by boiling the nightshade plant in water and spraying the water on the tobacco plants. We have been told that tobacco was also used as a poison. Pure nicotine is deadly in a dose as small as 100 milligrams. The nicotine was used on blow darts for revenge killing. The darts would be soaked in nicotine for a long time before they were used. The blow gun and poisoned dart were used only in this way. They were never used in war. It is true that native people never used tobacco as a personal drug as it is frequently used today. It was taken into the body only sparingly as part of a ceremony or ritual. Used in this way, it promoted healing. The way it is used today causes addiction and illness. We have been told that among the Cherokee there are tribal secrets about tobacco that cannot be revealed. When these secrets are taught within the tribe, the one who receives the knowledge promises not to reveal iL Keeping this lore hidden is done not for the sake of the knowledge itself, but as an obligation to the person who passed on the secret teachings. ~ Summer 1986 �THE GARDEN - continued from p.l gardening is a lesson in applied ecology. It deals mainly with alpine plants, and rock gardeners go to extreme lengths to duplicate exactly the conditions we have here: lots of tumbled-down rocks and perfect drainage, yet deep moisture. "In the terraces I was planting shrubs and vegetables, and a few trees as l could obtain them, so it was all progressing at the same time. All these beds are mixed flowers and vegetables now. They say flowers help the vegetables, but that is a meaningless distinction. They all flower. They all should be here in as much diversity as possible. "A lot of my training has been learning by mistakes. My gardening plan is simply to set out plants that I like, of all different varieties and types and see what naturalizes and multiplies. The plants you see here are the plants that have survived a natural selection process at this site. I've used a lot of self-seeding annuals. They pop up each year, and I leave them where they're appropriate and pull them up where they're in the way. They fill in all the holes. "Berries are a good crop for around here. This is good nut and berry country. It's easy to see, they grow so well in the wild. Did you know that blueberries only became a domesticated crop during the l 940's? Before that, people found all they needed on the hilltops. The plant was brought under cultivation under the auspices of the TVA right in this area. They gave kids a piece of cardboard with a hole punched in it If the kids could find a bush with berries that wouldn't fit through the hole and could lead the growers to it, they would earn $1.00. That's how they developed the first cultivated varieties of blueberries. "We're going to grow a lot more strawberries. We became acquainted with an everbearing variety that produced right up to Thanksgiving last year. Really good fruit! We also have bush cherries, lots of currants, rosehips, barberries - lots of food for wildlife. That helps to blur the line between cultivated and uncultivated aspects of the garden. "I've found that the easiest way to work is to use the natural energy flows. For instance, we get some colloidal phosphate, some lime, and some cottonseed meal for fertilizers, but we try to bring as few materials up the hill as possible. We plant rye in some of the beds in the fall and in the springtime we turn it in with handforks. We pile the weeds we pull out of the garden - it seems to generate a big heap every three weeks. "The creek that flows through the garden brings down leaves during the spring floods. The stream is normally buried by the landslide, but if it rains hard enough the stream rises to the surface. [f it rains mal1:t hard, the stream will flow right through the garden and on down the hill. But if I wait until it's raining enough so that the stream recedes back among the rocks inside the garden, I can go uphill and rake leaves into the water and they'll be dropped off right where I need them. They are deposited as wads of leaves mixed with silt. I have to collect them quickly because the mixture rots fairly fast. If I come back too late, it's already part of the soil. It's a wonderful system: during one short season in spring I can skim off a little of the surplus fertility." ~-.,, '{·~ . r,. . -..- ..:<::" - ~ - ~~~ ' k. " . " /- ~~ ~ • Joe is a quiet individual. He can be goaded to excitemmt when talking abour the plant.s or the people thaJ he Loves, bur he is generally content to let the obvious evitknce of the garden speak for him. He has spent marry moonlit nights and many winter months thinking about his relationship to the garden and the natural mountain landscape, however, and this shows up when he can be coaxed to speak ofthe deeper levels of his garden experience: "The garden is a mandala (a circular design) that expresses our understanding of the place we live. This garden is my conscious attempt to live in the context of nature. 'Paradise' means 'to be perfectly integrated in nature'. The prevalent vision in western culture of a life in accord with nature is the Garden of Eden, where human.kind, Adam and Eve, were given the garden and charged to 'dress and keep it' in the beautiful words of the King James version of the Bible <Genesis 2: 15). "But 'paradise' does not have to be an idealized place. It is a way of living here, wherever we're at right now. It is a co-evolutionary process - we change together. Living and learning, 1 transform myself to live as this place demands, and as part of the process I also transform this place into my personal paradise. "Eugene Odom had a more technical vision of the ideal human niche, which he called 'the ecosystem manager' whose function is to maximize the productivity and perpetuate the survival of the system. The ecosystem manager rearranges the growth of the natural environment a little - snipping something here, starting something over there - and s/he gets paid a little bit by all the diversity of other creatures in the system "It's a similar position to that of a bear or a wolf. If there's too much of something, that's what the bear or the wolf gets to eat that year. The service they perfonn for that plant or animal is selection and population control, which is to the benefit of that species. By keeping ecological balance, the manager gets enough off the top to keep him or her alive and functioning. By caring for the ecological principal, one gets to live off the ecological interest An unlimited number of people could devote themselves to that task, and it would provide for all of them. "Odom's somewhat mechanistic definition hinges on food supply as the determining factor. This is basic, but the idea of creating a niche also has to do with being surrounded by beautiful things when one walks out the door. Our aesthetic sense is a natural organizing system. It is a fine form of positive feedback that is much underrated in our culture. In this society the basic standard is the economic one which is expressed in terms of profit and loss. But what I'm saying is: 'Enjoy it!' Be spontaneous in gardening. Trust that intuitive sense of rightness that we all have in us. It is at least as true an indicator as the profit sheet of the health and productivity of a natural community. "Historically, some anthropologists believe that the 'Paradise' myth refers to the transition from a hunter/gatherer economy to an agricultural economy. Rindos, in his book 7J;=---:;:::::=~~~~ar·(iSth'-~:BF:::::_.--,r - continued on next page �- continued from p.13 THE GARDEN The Orieins of Amcu!ture. puts the changeover into the context of co-evolution, saying that there were changes on both sides. The hunter/gatherers were working with plants maybe by weeding preferred crops or by planting some selected seeds - and while the plants were changed to be more what the people wanted, the people were also changed as they developed certain behaviors to encourage these plants - disturbing the ground, staying in one place, experimentation, selection, and observation. These two processes together produced the gradual development of the agroecosystem. "I think to some extent the people were seduced into it Perhaps it was the plants who domesticated the people. I like to think that certain plants tricked us into devoting our lives to changing the world for their benefit One could look at it either way. "The food surplus produced by agricultural techniques had the effect of increasing human population. This resulted in a new context for human life as specialization developed and people became more involved within the framework of human society and less involved in the wider circle of nature. The human sphere continues to expand. It is replacing the diversity of nature with human diversity, and we are the worse off for it "A 'niche' is a way of describing an organism from the ecosystem's point of view: it is the relationship of the organism to its environment and the flows of energy and matter. Because there have been no effective natural checks on the human population, we have created an unhealthy niche for ourselves, called 'civilization'. "'Paradise' is a genetic memory of a time when humanity was integrated into the natural environment. It could be summed up as a continuing, spontaneous, intuitive response to the world. But that spontaneous response to the real conditions of life is buried under millenia of accretion of cultural elaborations on the distinction 'good/evil'. "The garden as you see it here is a conscious attempt to invent and occupy an appropriate niche. Using the knowledge of modern civilization, I am attempting to work a way back through centuries of physical and behavioral programming (our 'needs') to a real relationship with the Earth, a transition to a natural support system. "More and more," Joe reflected, "I'm beginning to feel I should specialize in the flora of the Black Mountains. It's such a beautiful habitat, and no one else has taken it on. I need to get out there, spend more time in the woods, find the specimens with the biggest fruits find the particular clones, the things that should be propagated, and work with them, get really involved....." - recorded by DW SUN ROOTS The Sun Root is a native American vegetable which was under cultivation by many tribes, including the Cherokee, when white people arrived here. These white people, for mysterious reasons, ignored this Indian name and called it Jerusalem Artichoke. The Latin name is /leliaruhus tuberousus, which means "sunflower full of swellings". This is an accurate label because Sun Roots are a sunflower with large, edible roots. By whatever name, this is one of the world's most practical and easiest to cultivate vegetables. They are started from a piece of tuber in the spring, much like potatoes, and are perennial in practice since even a very careful harvest leaves enough tubers for the next year's crop. The stalks are 6 to 12 feet high and are topped by beautiful brown and yellow flowers which smell a little like chocolate. Most varieties produce mature tubers in 120 days, but the Columbia and Stampede varieties are about 30 days earlier. Tubers can be harvested any time during the fall, winter, or early spring when the ground is not frozen. Nutritionally, Sun Roots are interesting because they have very little starch. Their carbohydrates are stored in the form of inulin, which is composed of fructose molecules. Humans lack the enzyme inulase which is necessary to break down this inulin, so most of the calories of Sun Roots pass through our systems unused. What is used is the protein, which is of very high quality and high in lysine, and the iron which is present in large quantity. These qualities, along with their good taste, high quality fiber, and satisfying crunch make Sun Roots a very good, low calorie snack food. There are people at work developing the "artichip". Sun Roots are an excellent feedstock for fuel alcohol stills because of their large yields and the fact that inulin, unlike starch, does not need to be broken down before fermentation. They are also a very good potential source of commercial fructose. A flour made from dried sun roots is good tasting and high in protein. A protein extract can be taken from sun roots which is 60- 70% high quality protein and could be used to feed the world's hungry people. The tops of this versatile vegetable are already finding commercial use as an animal feed (This information is taken from The ArticboJce Connection; Rt 2, Box 157; Spartansburg, PA 16434. Subscriptions are $10 a year and it comes out on a quarterly basis.) THE HOMESTEAD ON HORN MOUNTAIN Long ago someone climbed to the top of this mountain and dug a well. This is the place, marked by an elderly pine. I part a way through the overgrowth with my stick to the black brackish water in its circle of stones. This is mystery: the circle, older than the pine, stone more ancient than the mountain: water as eternal as all circles. Someone lived here and drank that water and disappeared under moss and bramble. The ground is littered with rocks of a fallen homestead. The well is a shaft of memory sunk in the ground. Turning to scribble a note to myself I start to the sound ofa motor. since I last climbed Hom Mountain somebody has cut a road just above the old homestead, I can see the cigarette in the driver's hand as a yellow truck comes trundling past - r duck below the bramble like the spirit of ruin that haunts this place, diving back down the black shaft of undrinkable remembrance past the names of mountains and roots of pines down to the fertile aquifer of earth's forgetfulness. Stephen Wingeier ;e:t' ~ KAfUAH - page 14 ))t Summer 1986 �by 4 cords hanging down · the island earth from the sky vault suspended of solid rock east west floating north south in a sea of water �0 750 MILLION ON1CF. - 650 MILU ON I '"\I'\ r., LG v.. n ·'""'......., .. . A(~ The southern Appalachians have evolved in a series of collisions of fragments of continental or island-an: material at the eastern edge of North America. About 750 million years ago magma rising deep from the interior of the earth split a megacontinental expanse into at least two large continents Laurentia or proto-North America Gondwana or proto-Africa and at least two continental fragments that included the Inner Piedmont-Blue Ridge fragment and the Carolina slate belt fragment ... Volcanism started in the island an: of the Carolina slate belt fragment some 650 million years ago. ...500 million years ago the basin between proto-North America and the Inner-Piedmont-Blue Ridge fragments began to close... beyond the arch in Galunlati above when all was water the animals were very crowded and wanting more room they wondered what was below the water Dayunisi, the little Water-beetle offered to go down and see if he could learn It darted over the surface in every direction but could find no firm place to rest Then it dived to the bottom and came up with some soft mud which began to grow and spread on every side until it became the island Earth 500 MILLION Most of the rocks at the swface of the southern Appalachians are highly defonned metamorphic ones ... older than or contemporaneous with the horizontal sedimentary strata under them ... suggesting that roughly 415 million years ago the swface rocks began to be transported as a thin sheet for at least 260 kilometers over the eastern continental margin of the land mass that was to become North America. ...from 300 million to 250 million years ago, the last major compressional event was the Alleghenian orogeny. This mountain-building episode can be attributed to the collision of proto-North America and proto-Africa (or perhaps South America) to form the supen:ontinent of Pangaea. ...a segment of the African (or South American) continental shelf underthrust the eastern margin of the Carolina slate belt fragment resulting in a fold-and-thrust belt that went in the opposite direction...the southern Appalachians... ...western Africa and northern South America all have belts of folding and thrusting... The Mauritanide mountain chain of western Africa is characterized east to west by a series of belts that are similar in some ways to the Appalachian belts. ... the Mauritanids are a mirror image of the Appalachians... �~75 MILLION 200 MILLION 300 .. 250MILLION ··.... '····· ....... at first the earth was flat and very soft and wet ... -~{_,:.:,+~. - .· the animals were anxious to get down and sent out different birds to see if it was dry but they found no place to alight and returned to Galunlati .....• ,,· t •• at last it seemed to be time and they sent out the Buzzard and told him to go and make ready for them . ·············· ········· : ..·········. '7.. \ ~ ....·· ... ·············· the Great Buzzard flew over the earth low down near the ground when he reached Cherokee Country he was very tired and his wings began to flap and strike the ground ... .· ..··· and wherever they struck the earth was a valley and where they turned up there was a mountain ... ... ...the continents that now border the Atlantic were joined 200 million years ago like the pieces of a jigsaw puzzle to fonn one huge expanse of land ... a megacontinent Pangaea... At that time North America began to separate from Europe, Africa, and South America. · As the continents drifted apart the Atlantic Ocean was left in their wake. As the Atlantic grew the current continental shelf was built up off the eastern coast of North America (and off the western coast of Africa and the northern coast of Sou~ America). when the animals above saw this they were afraid the whole world would be mountains so they called him back but the Cherokee Country remains full of mountains until this day ...· .· ..... .· •• . �-- .. ( J . :• ...······ . ... .·· .,...• when the world grows old and the earth will sink the people will die down into the ocean and the cord will break and all will be water again written by Jeny Trivette drawings by Rob Messick �0 --" NATURAL WORLD NEWS NANTAHALACO.BROUGHTTO U.S. SUPREME COURT Natunl World News Service Since 1976, when Henry Truett of Bryson City, NC filed suit against the Nantahala Power Company to protest the high costs resulting from hydroelectricity being drained from the mountains of KatUah to fuel the Alcoa aluminum plant in Marysville, TN, the question "Who owns the mountain water power?" has been a botJy-contested issue in this region (see Ki1V.ah #3). . The dispute came to a head April 21 as arguments were heard in the US Supreme Court from attorneys for Alcoa and for the Committee for Low-Cost Power, a citizens' group from five counties in Ka!Uah. The case was an appeal by Alcoa of a North Carolina State Suptcme Court ruling handed down last July that awarded $29 million in refunds to Nantahala customers because of practices by the company ~t .led to excessive rate costs. Two other surular decisions by the court awarded the ratepayers another $16 million in refunds. The conflict goes back to the very beginnings of the ~ant~hala Power Company and Tapoco, its sister company which operates two hydroelectric dams on the Santeetlah and Cheoah Rivers. Both companies arc registered as public utilities, but both arc also wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Alcoa Corporation. All the power from the Tapoco Company has gone to operate Alcoa smelters in Tennessee, although since its inception th7 coml?any ~ been receiving the benefits of us des1gnanon as a utility. Tapoco has never be~n responsible to regional customers, and 1n 1960 even tried to sell its high-power transmission lines to the Duke Power Company. But while "fapoco power .has been flowing down the nver to Marysville, the Nantahala Power Company has been supplementing its hydroelectric power with expensive, imported, nuclear power generated in Tennessee .by the.-rv:A. The North Carolina court recnfied this difference by declaring that North Carolina ratepayers should retroactively be charged as though the cheaper Tapoco power were available to them, which would result in a total of $45 million in refunds. Alcoa attorneys maintained in the Supreme Court hearings that the Nort!1 Carolina courts had overstepped the1t boundaries and were trying to set rates for power generation between states, citing a KATUAH - page 19 1971 Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) ruling that Tapoco had no obligation to make its power available to the Nantahala Company. Alcoa attorney Rex Lee stated before the court, "What North Carolina has done ... is to take from Tennessee a share of power which properly belongs to Tennessee." But William Crisp, a Raleigh lawyer who has worked with Nantahala ratepayers for 25 years, explained meticulously and eloquentJy that this was not a case of one state's interest against another's, but "a flagrant example of a corporate giant, a multinational. taking over public assets for its own benefit" Pointing out that the ruling of the NC Supreme Court did not actually divert any power, but instead created a "roll-in" where both companies were considered as one for ratemalcing purposes, Crisp made it clear that the issue was whether the hydroelectric resources of the mountains shouJd be used for public service or private profit. Alcoa has attempted to develop its subsidiary company Tapoco solely to divert water resources from Kanfah strictly for its own benefit, Crisp maintained, which in effect has forced the ratepayers in the mountains to pay the difference for Alcoa's cheap hydroelectric power. Alcoa has threatened that if they do not win continued access to the mountain water power, they would close their Marysville plant, terminating o~er l,~ jobs in East Tennessee. Responding to this threat, the US Steelworkers Union, Local 309, which represents the Alcoa plant workers, joined the corporate appeal as a "friend of the court". "If they had known the true facts of the case," said Veronica Nicholas, Jackson County commissioner and witness to the Supreme Court hearing, "I don 't believe they wouJd have taken that position. If we could talk with them people-to-people, I thinlc they would see that the corporation is trying to victimize us all in pursuit of its interests." , BIG MOUNTAIN UPDATE Na!W'al World News Service The Big Mountain issue - the proposed removal of 10,000 to 15 ,~ Navajo (Dineh) and Hopi Indians from their ancient homeland • remains critical. In 1974 Congtcss passed legislation (P.L. 93-531) to settJe a so-called "land dispute" between the two tribes calling for the removal by July 7, 1986 (see Kutfah #11). CoincidentJy, this area known as the Four Corners is extremely rich with high-quality coal and uranium deposits. Peabody Coal Co., among other energy giants, is extremely interested in the resources o~ the area. It appears, however, that a rrunor victory has been won. In early May, 1986, Ross Swimmer of the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) and Ivan Sidney, Hopi Tribal Chairperson, said that they wouJd not forcibly remove Najajos (Dineh) from what they and the U.S. Government call "disputed land". The Hopi Tribal Council is a creation of the Bureau of Indian Affairs and the traditional people feel that the Tribal Council is a sham and docs not represent their interests. Swimmer sought an opinion from the U.S. Solicitor General who s.Ud that July, 1986 was merely a target date and was not cited within the actual law. Sidney commented, "We do want those Navajo off our land." This delay in the forced .remo~al ~s just that - a delay. Perhaps the intention 1s to allow the media and public attention on the issue to subside. The Big Mountain Legal Defense is still urging citiz.cns to ~te letters to U.S. Senators and Represent.aUves demanding the repeal of P.L. 93-531. If you write a letter and receive a form response, BMLD is asking that you wr!te and write again to establish dialogue with those in power. Send copies of your letters as well as copies of responses to: Big Mountain (JUA) Legal D/O Committee 2501 N. 4th St Suite 18 Flagstaff, AZ 86001 Write them also for updates and local contactinformation,orcall(602)7~ LOWER WEST SLOPE OF GRANDFATHER MOUNTAIN UP FOR SALE N11unl World News Sctvice AIRPORT PLANNED FOR JULIAN PRICE PARK Nllunl Wor1d News Service The Watauga County Commission is trying to build a county airport in Julian Price Park, part of the Blue Ridge Parkway near Blowing Rock, NC. The National Park Service is strongly opposed to an airport on Park Service land, but much of the lobbying for the airport is going on over their heads at the Department of Interior in Washington. The secret agenda ~or the airport is a new highway connec~g the high country ski and resort are~ directly with the Charlotte metropolitan area. National Parle land couJd not be obtained for the construction of a highway, but ~ere is apparently some precedent for putnng an airport in a National Park. Once the airport was OK'd, the highway could be put in to provide access to it and the developers would have their way. The lower west side of Grandfather Mountain in Avery County is up for sale and threatened with development as a ski resort Hugh Morton, one of Grandfather Mountain's owners, is adamant about protecting the upper elevations of the mountain, which is designated as a North Carolina Natural Heritage Area. A new hiking trail is being construe~ t~ ~la?C the classic Shanty Spring trail which 1s in the area to be sold. , ~ _ . ' J ...~~,fii;·}...... ~. '~"'-~ . - ,/., '<.. :. ' , ..\IV' ---~ - continued on next page Summer 1 86 �.· USFS 50-YEAR PLAN IN THE MAKING OUR "CHAMPION" IN COURT Nalllnl World News Service The dispute over the discharge standards of the Champion Paper Company plant in Canton, NC is heating up. In recent months charges and countercllargcs have been flying, there llas been a furious shllffiing of papers, and two solemn collrt decrees have been ordered. Yet the Pigeon River is still smelly, mllfky, and rolling with foam as it flows into Tennessee. On March 31 Judge David Scntclle of U.S. District Court in Asheville declared that the Champion Paper Company would have to apply for a federal wastewater discllarge pennit from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) while litigation continues in the controversy over the quality of the Pigeon River waters. The decision arose from an unprecedented move by the EPA, which in November of 1985 stepped in and superseded the right of the North Carolina Environmental Management Commission (EMC) to issue Champion a wastewater discllarge permit (as reported in KaW1h. #10). Under the national Clean Water Act, the issuance of discharge permits was placed under the jurisdiction of the EPA, but the agency has traditionally delegated that power to state environmental regulatory agencies and acted only in a supervisory capacity. In January of this year Champion responded to the EPA's action by filing suit in the District Court to void the agency's authority in the Pigeon River dispute. The company simultaneously filed a motion for a tctnporary restraining order to release Champion from obtaining a federal permit while the primary lawsuit was in the courts. It was this motion that was struck down, compelling Champion to apply to the EPA for a permit to operate until a ve.r dict on the request for a permanent injunction is reaclled. The EPA move to strip the state EMC of its power to dispense a permit to Champion implied that the federal government saw extraordinary neglect in enforcement of basic environmental standards by the state agency. In a prepared statement read last January, Champion manager Oliver Blackwell disagreed with that assessment, praising the state for a "professional job" of determining operating standards for the factory. This may have to do with the fact that in recent years the EMC has issued "variances" and "special consent orders" which have allowed Champion to operate below existing norms in the most controversial areas of regulation, water temperature and color, instead of comprehensive and enforceable discllarge directives. Apparent neglect on the part of the state environmental agency turned into apparent collusion as state attorneys sat at the same table with Champion lawyers in the district courtroom to argue that the corporate giant should be allowed to have its way with the Pigeon River without federal interference. "They shouldn't have taken the power away from the state," said assistant state attorney general Don Oakley. Although Champion did reluctantly comply with the judge's order to submit an application to the EPA, the company's pending suit will definitely delay a stringent The US Forest Service (USFS) is soliciting active citizen input on its revised version of the 50-ycar management plan for the Pisgah and Nantahala National Forests. According to Bob Cunningham, US Forest Service planner in the Asheville office, Forest Service staff have reorganized their data and are now compiling the preliminary results for their new plan. During the latter part of June and July, Cunningham will meet with individuals or representatives of any interest groups who wish to discuss the data at the Forest Service office in Asheville. "We're going to be building the new plan as we interact with the public on it," said Cunningham. Maps and brochures interpreting the environmental effects of each of the Forest Service plans will be available to the public at the USFS District Offices free upon request The Forest Service is inviting comment on the new plan. Take them up on it! Although they would like people to come to their Asheville office, cards and letters from those who cannot go to the city Yi.ill make a difference. Let the Forest Service serve us. Tell them how you feel about their policies, either in person or in writing: George Olson, Forest Supervisor US Forest Service Box 2750 Asheville, NC 28802 ~ (704) 257-4200 P' KA AH - page 20 Natutal Wodd News SeMcc permiL "It reveals the company's true stripes," said Pigeon River Action Group activist Jim Harrison. "They won't spend a nickel on the environment unless they're absolutely forced to. The money (and paper) they arc squandering on legal entanglement would be far better spent for real action to restore the river." In another collrtroOm in Nashville, the Tennessee State Supreme Court on April 21 threw out a lawsuit brought in 1983 by the government of that state against Champion that wollld have required the paper company to pay civil damages of $10,000 per day since 1977 to compensate for the degradation of the river in heu of a total river cleanup. The suit, as argued by Tennessee deputy attorney general Frank Scanlon, was based on Tennessee environmental protection laws, particularly clauses regulating water color standards, which are much stricter than the North Carolina laws tlnder which the Champion plant is operating. But the collrt ruled that one state has no jurisdiction or control over another state's environmental laws, even if laxness or environmental neglect causes damage tllat extends over state lines. After receiving the disappointing ruling of the Tennessee high court, deputy attorney general Scanlon vowed to carry the case on to the U.S. Supreme Collrt. There would seem to be some basis for this, for, short of discarding the whole patchwork system of state governments, there needs to be some remedy found to accommodate the blatant disregard by the natural clements of the illegitimate state boundaries. It would be unfortunate if this ruling were allowed to remain as a precedent, for the whole issue of atmospheric deposition ("acid rain") hinges on the ability of one region to convince the hllman inhabitants of a different region of their accountability for destruction of a distant habitaL In this ever-shrinking world, it is imperative that we recognize the evidences of Ollf close interdependence. Much is at stake. WRITE! There is sometlling we can do to help the Pigeon. The conditions of Champion's operating permit are being decided right now by the EPA. Write to: Jack Ravan, Regional Administrator U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 345 Courtland SL NE Atlanta, GA 30365 Ask that the new permit determine the maximum limits for color and water temperature, and that minimum levels of dissolved oxygen be maintained. Please send a copy of your letter to: Dick Mullinix c/o Pigeon River Action Group P.O. Box 105 WaynesviUc, NC 28786 Summer 1986 �COMMUNITY ALERT: BUNCOMBECO.THREATENED BY WASTE INCINERATOR Natun.I World News Service The Buncombe County Commissioners are being pressured to pursue a co-incinerator (for burning both municipal sewage sludge and solid waste) as a means to relieve the growing problems of sewage sludge and over 600 tons per day of solid waste going into the landfill on the French Broad River. In order to qualify for a $5 million EPA grant to help with new sewage treatment facilities, the Commissioners must decide prior to June 31, 1986 whether to pursue the technology of incineration. URGENT NEED FOR PUBLIC HEARINGS! Please write the commissioners, Curtis Ratcliff, Jesse Ledbetter, Wayne Montgomery, Tom Sobol, and Doris Giezentanner to request that a series of public hearings be held on the question of mcineration to examine the potential health risks from: • Hazardous air emissions (dioxin, dibenzo-furans, acid gasses, ethylene dichloride, toxic metals, etc.) • The disposal of toxic ash residue (heavy metals and other contaminants) • The inability to adequately screen out hazardous wastes from entering the incinerator Buncombe County Commissioners POB 7435 Asheville, NC 28807 252-5536 CLEARCUTTING BATTLE MOVES TO JACKSON COUNfY from a repon by Pcny Eul)' Proposed clcarcuts in the Nantahala National Forest in Jackson County have led residents to organize a county chapter of the Western North Carolina Alliance to preserve the natural diversity of the forest Sites on Greens Creek are scheduled to be clearcut this fall if citizen action cannot change the Forest Service's plans. Other clearcuts adding up to an estimated 300 acres of land are planned during the coming decade in the Sheeps Knob, Dicks Creek, Terrapin Mountain, Buckeye Gap, Fall Cliff, and Pinhook areas. Petitions bearing the names of over 300 Jackson County residents demanding that the Forest Service change its cutting methods have been sent to the USFS Regional Office in Atlanta. The next move in the campaign to save the Jackson County forest areas depends on the response of the Forest Service to the petitions. Clarence Hall, head of the Jackson County group, said, "I walked the area they plan to cut on Greens Creek with Marcus Moore and some of the Forest Service people. They acted real nice and were much easier to talk with than they have been in the past. They made some changes for us smaller areas to be clearcut, leaving some spots of timber, things like that "They seemed like they were very willing to compromise, but I think that the Gramm-Rudman Act has hit them hard, and they're not going to compromise any further than what they've been cut back to already." WNC Alliance SOURCE SEPARATION, RECYCLING, AND COMPOSTING ARE PROVEN - ~ALTERNATIVF.S! , ..p repared by Long Branch Environmen~ Education Center (704) 683-3662 /:"' HERE WE GLOW AGAIN! Natural World News Service Five western North Carolina counties are being seriously considered in the search for a suitable site to receive the low-level radioactive waste (LLW's) from eight southeastern states. The eight states (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, Tennessee, Virginia, South Carolina, and Nonh Carolina) have joined a Southeastern Compact to deal jointly with the waste problem, but many North Carolina citizens are demanding that North Carolina withdraw from the compact if the burden of waste disposal is to be shouldered by that state alone. The compact will choose one of its member states as the host for the low-level waste dump site by July 14, 1986 and locations in Burke, Cleveland, McDowell, Polk, and Rutherford counties are being closely examined for a potential low-level nuclear waste dump site. The term "low-level" is actually a mis-nomer as the category is defined as all radioactive wastes that are not specifically classified as "high-level". This encompasses a wide range of materials, many of which arc as deadly as high-level KATUAH- page 21 P.O. Box 117 Murphy, NC 28906 Call Clarence Hall at (704) 586-2056 for / more infonnation. wastes. LLW s can in fact be potentially more dangerous in many cases because there are no stringent safety standards for the handling of low-level radioactive materials. The most massive and most dangerous of the low-level wastes produced in North Carolina come mainly from the nuclear power plants which account for approximately 87% of the volume and 97% of the radioactivity. Citizen groups are suggesting that power plants manage their own waste in safe, on-site, storage facilities at their own expense. The remaining wastes - mostly medical, industrial and research wastes - a lot of which are short-lived - could be managed by the state in a small storage facility. It is important, the groups advise, that there be fi2 landfills and that various low-level wastes be separated according to radioactive life-span and managed in above-ground, monitored, retrievable storage facilities. For more info, contact - continued from p. 11 TROUT FARMING dependent on the size of the operation and the intensity of culture employed. Most trout farmers now use dry commercial feeds because of the high protein requirement of trout, but live foods are often less expensive, can sometimes be produced on the site, and have the advantage of producing trout flesh that is pink in color and tastier than that of commercially-fed fish, which is white in color. McLamey discusses several possibilities, including feeding trout meat wastes or slaughterhouse offal, starting a worm-raising operation to complement the home fish farm, using "bug lights" to capture insects, and even the trick of putting a rotting log upstream to be a free, natural culture medium for live trout food. Feeding times, feeding amount, and many other specifics are also covered. Methods of harvesting and handling fish are outlined in detail in the book. Trout can be harvested by seining, various kinds of trapping nets, or by draining the pond to capture all the fish. An "umbrella net" dangled under the feeding place is an easy alternative for a partial harvest, but the fishing rod will never be totally replaced for the home pond. McLarncy gives suggestions and complete instructions for the use of various nets and traps. Pests, predators, diseases, and contamination by silt and pollution are also discussed. Appendices to the book give additional infonnation on cooking the fish, a summary of their characteristics, and resource information on standard reference works and sources for supplies and further advice. "Experience is the best teacher", but The Freshwater Agyacutwre Book is an excellent place to start a fish-raising operation. Bill McLarney is offering an aquaculture consulting service for fish farmers in KatUah. Inquire by letter to: 1176 Bryson City Rd. Franklin, NC 28734 ~ j:Y h erbs, nct t ive plcsnl!;, f1erennidl:., flow~rs, fruit lrees, bulbs, bedding planl:.. 80 lakeside Drive 8/I01hs of a mile from turdee'li in Franklin, N.C. for infurmdlion c:all 524·3321 Millie Buch;man, Clca.n Water Fund ~ (704) 253-4423 /:"' Summer 1986 �RUMMING .. LETTERS TO KATUAH In Dwellers jn the L,and. Kirkpatrick Sale states: "What makes the bioregional vision different -- in any foreseeable future, anyway -- is that it asks nothing of the Federal government and needs no national legislation, no governmental regulation, no Presidential dispensation" (p. 169). But it seems to me that the bioregional movement cannot simply wait for the exhaustion of the world's supplies of fossil fuels to make long-distance transportation uneconomical and thus force the world to adopt bioregional economies. The carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere by the combustion of fossil and biomass fuels will so drastically change the climate of all pans of the earth as to fundamentally alter the biotic potential of every bioregion. In order to prevent that, it would be necessary for all industrial nations to begin ~ to phase out the petroleum, coal, automobile, railroad, and merchant marine industries. That would require political action, since those industries will not voluntary go out of business. How else could a liveable bioregional world be brought into being? Ed Price Sylva, NC Dear Friends, I have r;ad and enjoyed the K.aWah. I am broadcasting on WUM radio on Sundays at 1:45 P.M. I sing sacred songs, read poems, Bible, and etc. I am sending some home remedies from an old New York doctor book published 1919. Kate Rogers Franklin, NC LEMONS Heartburn - Slowly suck the juice from one to two lemons, which is generally sufficient to give relief. Colds - Add the juice of two lemons to the same quantity of strained honey, and mix thoroughly. Take a teaspoonful of this mixture every ten or fifteen minutes. Rheumatism - Take the juice of several lemons every day and in a short time all signs of rheumatism will disappear. Corns - Bind a piece of lemon over the com every night for four or five nights. Asthma - Persons suffering from asthma should drink the juice of two or three lemons every day. Headache - The juice from half a lemon added to a cup of hot water sweetened with honey will generally relieve the most severe headache. (For more on Kare Rogers, see Kmfil.lb.1110 - Eds.) KA 1 offer you a quote that has been a source of great power for me: Remember thaJ you live always wuler the protection of some mysterious force. T.hi.s...ffU« i~ ~.Therefore, true self-defense does not stop with defending oneself against others, but strives to make oneself worthy of defense by nature herself ... When your mind and your acts become OIU! with narure, then narure will protect you. Fear no enemy; fear only to be separated from the mind of nature. If you are on the right path, nature will protect you and you need not fear anything. Trust nanlre and do not worry. Leave both your mind and body to narure. Do not recognize friend or foe in your mind. In your heart, let tlwre be generosiry as large as the sea, which accepts both clean and unclean water. Let your mind be as merciful as namre, which loves the smallest tree or blade of grass. Let your mind be strong with sincerity thaJ can pierce iron or srone. Repay the favors of nature, work/or the good of all, and make yourself a person whom nature is pleased to let live. Koichi Tohei (in Ajkjdo, The Art of Self-Defense I The spirit and practice of the martial art of Aikido can give us some idea of principles that can successfully be used in political resistance. My knowledge and understandfog of Aikido are limited, so I speak as no expert, but to my understanding Aik.ido works with the "flow" of energy and does not confront force with force. Instead, it allows the opposing force its expression and then moves to turn the opposing force to its own disadvantage. The Aikido practitioner will allow an attacker to lunge and with a simple movement will use the attackers own energy to send him reeling. Aikido works with centering and directing the body's energy or ,Ki. That's an oversimplistic explanation, but it might give you an idea. Translating the principles into action is what presents the challenge. Obviously we can't match force with the nuclear power industry, the chemical industry, or the technological forces which are killing our Mother Earth. The Indians tried to stop it with force years ago, and look what happened So how do we keep it from happening and stay sane at the same time? First, maybe we have to give up the notion that ~ have to keep it from happening. If this crazy absurdity of the modem world were not a part of the Great Spirit's plan, it would not be happening. And maybe it's going to have to get even crazier before the majority of humans arc going to pay attention. Once during a discourse with a "psychic being", l expressed a great deal of concern about the rampant commercial development that was placing all our best food growing land under concrete and asphalt I was advised that the disease must run its course and not to base my life on fighting the disease, for if I did, when the disease vanished so would my life. So do we just give it up as hopeless? Absolutely not. F. Scott Fitzgerald once said, "The test of a first rate intelligence is to hold cwo opposed ideas in your mind at the same time and still retain your capacity to function. You should, for example, be able to sec that things are hopeless and yet be determined to make them otherwise." It sounds a lot easier than it really is. Once we begin the work in earnest in our own hearts, then the Great Spirit may guide us to other action. If we try to tackle the "evil" without purifying our own hearts, then we simply give it more energy and make it stronger. We are not alone. Many people all over this planet are facing similar situations. We live in a world that is extremely unbalanced and full of great suffering. For this reason we must develop and hold a clear vision of the world as we wish it to be - happy, healthy, and filled with life. Affirm that vision every day. Don't let negatives get in the way. Our vision is our prayer. Keep the vision foremost and clear. And we must not wish ill on our perceived "enemies" -- this is not Good Medicine. Pray for happiness, health and peace for all beings on the Earth Mother. Dan Vega Fayetteville, Arkansas Summer 1986 �Dear Folks, l am writing you concerning your promotional material for your Spring Gathering. I think .K..iUia.h is a great publication and I think your having a gathering is a good idea. Snow Bear came to our Fall Gathering last year and was on the teaching staff with Grandfather Wallace Black Elk, Grandmother Grace Spotted Eagle, Buck Ghost Horse, Ron Evans, and others. We really like Snow Bear and promote his camp through our newsletter. The way you have stated "SACRED SWEAT LODGE" on your promotional material can be easily interpreted to mean that you are selling the sweat lodge. I hope you are clear about what you are doing. I don't believe that Snow Bear would in fact charge money for a sweat. SeUing ceremonies of this type is as offensjve as having Christian sacraments offered on a sale basis. Advertising sweats as a prominent clement of a for-sale program is also offensive to many people. I wish you no harm. Several of your staff know me personally. I would appreciate some cla. ification on these r matters. We all make errors and it seems that errors of advertising and pubHcation are very easy to make and once made propagate rapidly. Sincerely, Art Horn Marietta, GA An, As the person who drew up the flyer for the ~ Spring Ga1hering, I am the person to respond to your letter. Thonks very much/or raising the issue. We appreciate your lerrer and the spirit in which it was offered. We did nor consider the Gathering as something that was for sale when we put together the flyer. The money mentioned represented our guess as to the minimum amount we would require from each participant ro cover our basic expenses for renting the camp and providing our food. All work on the Gathering was volunteer, as is all work on the Kiufimljournal. Nobody took any money home, unlike a lot of spiritual seminars put on by some white people (and a few native people, too, who have been mentioned/or Hselling" sacred gatherings and sacred objects). If we had been fasting in a wilderness area, the Ka1Uilh Gathering would have been free. I did not show the flyer to Snow Bear before sending it out. If I had, he said he would have advised me 10 take the sweat lodge off the page. He had some good words about that. He said that regardless of our circumstances, it is an historical fact that white people have consistently taken the tra&tions ofthe native people and abused them. We cenainly do not want to do that. On rlie contrary, I mentioned the proposed sweat lodge so people would know that we were seeking the highest possible spiritual level for our meeting, not to produce the opposite effect. So with that in mind, we thank you for poillling our attention to this mistake, and I rrust we won't re,,ea1 it. David Wheeler ~Friends, It seems desirable to consider some positive alternatives to the wasteful and dangerous burial of high level nuclear waste in "solid" rock. So, here is an alternative pattern that seems worth consideration: ( 1) Instead of transporting dangerous nuclear waste to an individual repository, why not keep the waste at the site where it is produced, thus avoiding the danger of transporting these dangerous materials. If persons in a given location produce such waste, and probably benefit financially from the operation, it seems only fair that those same people should deal with the waste; not persons in some distant location. (2) High level nuclear waste contains a great deal of energy. Instead of heating rock with that energy, it is suggested that the energy be converted directly to some useful form. (e.g., it is estimated that the 70,000 tons of waste proposed for burial in a permanent repository would yield, in a 256 year period, over 60 billion dollars worth of energy at $.035 per kwh.) (3) The present method of using thermal fission processes, with the demonstrated danger of catastrophic meltdown, is a relatively inefficient means of obtaining electrical energy. It is possible to ~izc direct coo version to electrical energy by slowing the beta and alpha particles in an electric field. The direct conversion could be used with suitably processed waste as weU as with nuclear fuel now being used in wasteful and dangerous thermal fission reactors. (Note: Some of the nuclear physicists who demonstrated the conversion of matter to energy in the early experiments with Fermi wanted to develop safer, more efficient conversion schemes for commercial use. The politics of that situation led to the present dangerous and wasteful methods, rather than the safer and more efficient processes proposed by those early pioneers in nuclear physics. It may be time to pay attention to the suggestions of those expert and creative persons.) (4) Placing large amounts of collected waste in a localized region is contrary to the teaching of the old ones. The forests, meadows, waters, winds, and earth processes tend to scatter and diffuse matter. Large concentrations may be an expression of humankind that is destructive and hannful when out-of-tune with nature. (5) Instead of spending over 9 billion dollars to place dangerous waste in the ground, why not spend that money on research and development that would use the waste for useful purposes and help to preserve the natural ways given to us? (6) Those of us in Katuah (Katuahins?) can come together to encourage alternative, more constructive patterns. The epic of nuclear processes on earth demonstrates again the power of the mind to rcaHze signillcant new patterns. That power of the mind can be used to help form these new patterns into beautiful and useful configurations. Fear, greed, and ignorance can be replaced by peace, fairness, and understanding. Harmony is a possible alternative. Ho, Peregrine Falcon KATIJAH - page 23 John Artley Hot Springs, NC - continued on p. 24 �- continued from p. 23 Dear Folks at~ Dear~. I wrote to the President of the United States and enclosed the pullout section on the nuclear dump plan from the spring K.ci.ah. Yesterday, I recieved a two page typed letter written "on behalf of President Reagan" in response to my letter "regarding the Nation's second repository program." The letter and a folder of materials came from the Department of Energy. According to the letter, "the DOE evaluated, with State assi.stance, existing publicly available geologic and envuonmental data ... to identify preliminary candidate areas.'' In my opinion, North Carolinians should be asking, "Where was Gevemor Martin during the time that South Carolina's Governor was in Washington, D.C. fighting to protect that state from being dumped on more than they already have beenr' Arc the people aware that Governor Martin is from South Carolina? Also, the people should be made aware that Congressman Bill Hendon accepted campaign funds from 18 out-of-state nuclear power companies of $250.00 each plus donations from in-state companies. Isn't it reasonable to assume that he would feel obligated to them rather than the people of this state? Isn't it possible that he may not be well-informed on the potential threat to the lives of the people in thC: vicinity of a hazardous nuclear waste dump as we arc? Consider the fact that he recently made a "mistake" in voting [Qr the MRS budget and that he has not been successful in getting one bill through Congress in over three years. If we are to be successful in protecting ourselves and future generations from a nuclear holocaust, we must get involved in the political process and elect public officials who w~ be responsive to our urgent requests to protect our envuonment DOE anticipates "recommending to the President three sites for characterization for a second repository in the early 1990's." Let's be sure that the people of wesrcrn North Carolina have someone in Washington, D.C. to care for YJnotjust big industry. Sincerely, Esther c. Cunningham Franklin, NC - continued from p. 11 'I . . . I am mtei:ested in_ proi:notin~ home music-making -smgmg & playing music with friends and writing songs. Those of us who were not born where we have put down roo~ become part of local culture, and can bring our insights & light co a place ... music is my way of doing it. I love spontaneous music-making & sharing. rt turns us away from mass culture (TV & MTV, etc.) and gives us a beauty and richness we can share. Als~>, in a mystic~! sense, our singing and playing adds music of a human kind 10 a place long after the music has stopped. M~st of my son~s sing about nature anyway. Human bemgs neeg to sing. Nature loves the singing. Thank you for .Katlulh's song. Love, Cindy Crossen Pittsboro, NC Dear friends at Kill!.ah. We appreciate your kind words for our publication and the Backroads column. We have seen young people, families, older people, and combinations of all of the above taking those tours. They occasionally stop by to say hello and all of them have been very nice people who appreciate the very things we would like to preserve about the Blue Ridge. We know that, like everywhere else, growth is inevitablC:, _but we hope to ~ abl~ to guide that growth along more posittve, non-destrucuve hnes. We feel one way is to create an awareness of what is here and has been here. In the past two years, The Mountain I.aurel has attracted national attention, so we must be on the right track. We have no degrees in journalism, but follow only our instincts. We try to present mountain people and their ways and mountain places in their true light and give people a "taste" of what mountain life is really like. Susan Thigpen, Editor The Mountain I.aurel: Monthly Journal of Mountain Life Route I MeadowsofDan, VA 24120 ,,# ,P' AQUACULTURE basic background information for each stage of the fish-raising process, and 3) offers a variety of techniques to handle the different fish species in different fish farm situations. The result is that fish farmers are able to design their own individual aquaculture operations that arc tailored to the particular conditions of their environment and the scale at which they want to work. The freshwater Aguaculture Book is a multi-leveled statement In its form and in its content it speaks to the question of what arc the true and enduring values that will make fish culture or any other enterprise a truly satisfying and life-enhancing occupation. Many people will benefit from the practical infonnation and advice McLamey offers on fish-raising. It can only be hoped that some will respond as well to the deeper discourse that seeks to define what is truly appropriate and lasting. Ultimately, these values can only be realized through experimentation and practice as part of a continuing process of maintaining our "place", the point where we arc in balance with the natural world, but il is most helpful to have a guidebook to help point the way. If we are to speak of an aquaculture for small groups and individuals, it will ultimately be up to us, as small groups and individuals, to create it. Fortuna1ely, despite the gaps in our knowledge, there is much that we can do right now. Some of what we can do is contained in this book. The implementaJion of this information and the testing of these ideas will be an important step toward a more diverse and imponant future for aquaculture in North America. reviewed by David Wheeler, KA AH-page 4 1 ,, . ~• l:11mmer 1986 �A CHILDREN'S PAGE W.l ow +he_.,; W,//ow~ r ~ f'P) ~ f ~ -"Jf' ~ 8/1.1,ru ze B , \ (l;;Y P/ /( ~ 111t1e /he AH - page 25 a11J Once fhere w,.~if. Su~ Sec.A a IN' S e>ri " COCA/J not /;,,.., 5o 11,c PltN.f a!iked WinJ. KA f to blow if 0'1 If. +k :fe°'r +o earlh. "'@ c::> ~ �.. - continued from p. 3 SA YING "NO!" of Energy. With the knowledge that the citizenry of this state is solidly behind them, activists can organize without fear of local h~tility from state officials. More people will be likely to participate in civil disobedience, for example, if it comes down to ~at It's nice to know you're in friendly temtory. Rererendums on Other Issues? When the Nonh Carolina legislature decided to place the high-level nuclear waste issue on the ballot, it broke a longstanding rule against holding referendums. Indeed, it was the first referendum in the history of the state on anything but a Constitutional Amendment or a bond issue, both of which are required by state law. Many other groups, representing a multitude of causes, have been clamoring for state-wide referendums on their issues, only to be rejected by the state legislature on the grounds that North Carolina traditionally has a "representative form of government". This means that the people elect officials who in turn are supposed to make all the important decisions for them. This is an archaic interpretation of democratic government which amounts to tight fisted, autocratic control and discourages a participatory role by the citizenry. This philosophy of government has ruled North Carolina and the entire Southeast since the Revolutionary War, and kept this state in the political dark ages. Many states, by contrast, have instated an "Initiative Process" whereby any group or individual can circulate a petition for a referendum and. once the required number of signatures has been achieved, it is placed on the st.ate-wide ballot In some states, such as Oregon and Maine, initiatives become binding laws if voted on and passed by a majority of the people. Now that the North Carolina State Legislature has broken with tradition by placing one referendum on the ballot, it will be hard to rationalize the denial of others. The pressure from lobbying groups will be enormous. Perhaps the stranglehold of authoritarian rule is finally beginning to lose its grip and a new political age is dawning. National Significance On a national level, the results of this referendum have great meaning. . As much as the ~t of Energy denies that politics enters its decision-making process, politics will be the ~iding factor in where, if anywhere, a high-level nuclear waste repository will go. There is no safe method to bury nuclear waste and there is no safe place for nuclear waste. No geological location is suitable. Everywhere is on top of some water table. The DOE is merely in the process of finding out where they can put the repository so that it will be economically suitable for the nuclear industry and where people will let them put it without major political upheaval. They have now discovered, to their disappointment, that Nonh Carolina is not that place. In addition to putting the DOE on notice, the waste referendum has sent out a signal. to the rest of the country which is of great importance. North Carolina and the southeast is not known for its leadership in en.~ental issues. Quite to the contrary, this region has been the most politically conservative and industry-oriented. The fact that this state has taken such an overwhelming stand in opposition to nuclear waste bas particular significance. The referendum has given North Carolina leadership potential on a national basis in regard to the nuclear waste issue. The less conservative st.ates, threatened with the dump, will in all probability, hold similar referendums of their own in the near future. (Wisconsin held a referendum prior to No~ .Carolina and rejc:cted the dump with a maJOnty of 89%.) This turn of events will create a block of st.ates from different regions of the ceuntry in alliance with each other. and ~pposcd to the misguided process that 1s being used to deal with nuclear waste. Io essence these states will spearhead a national movement which could lead to the demise of the Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982. •.»o0 • A variety 1J{ ~f,..i""'"" wholesome baked goods OC4 Chesterfte!d tttU next IO French Broad Trading Co.op Potential is the Key Word The referendum in North Carolina has come and gone. Those of us who worked bard to make it a reality have tasted a small measure of success. But the real fruits of our labor are yet to come, and it will involve a committment to years of hard work to bring this saga to a happy conclusion. The referendum has generated a great potential to bring about all the benefits outlined here, but the potential will not be realized unless people make a concerted effort to take advantage of the momentum we presently have, to direct that momentum, and to create the future scenario we desire. Let's use this referendum for what it's worth. If you live in a state other than North Carolina and wish to help instigate a referendum in your state, CCNW might be a good source of infonnation for you. Write: NATIJRAL FOOD STORE &DELI CCNW P.O. Box 653 Dillsboro, NC 28725 Avram FriMman and the CCNW group first initiated the idea of a NC nuclear waste referendwn this past winter (see ~ #ll). , Open 7 Days A Week 160 Broadway Asheville, NC 28801 Monday - Friday 9:00 a.rn. - 8:00 p.m. Saturday 9:00 a.m. - 6:30 p.m. Sunday 1:00 p.m. - 5:00 p.rn. (704) 253-7656 Where Broadway Meets Merrimoo And 1-240 ACUPUNCTURE ASSOCIATES of ASHEVILLE Mary C. Majebc 258-9016 KurtKochek 258-0837 Naoki Kubota 254-9236 Acupuncture, Nutritional Counselling, Chinese Herbology, Shiatsu Summer 1986 �N'flBe. tJ. - --ea-t L alces r- g-on-. C a- ca - Sh-asta, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.:..,__ Gr - - - e i - s -dia, _ 'The larger functi.oning of bjoregions leads to a consideration that the Earth be view~d pr~marily as an inlt!r-related system of b1oreg1ons and only secondarily as a community of nations. 'The more massive bureaucratic nations of the world have lost their inner vitality because they can no longer respond to the particular functioning of the various bioregions within their borders. A second difficulty within the massive nations is the exploitation of some bioregions for the advantage of others. A third difficulty is the threate~ devastalWn of the entire planel by the conflict ofmassive bureaucratic nations with their weaponry capable of continental and even planetary devastation . To break these nations down into their appropriate bioregiona/ communities could be a possible way to peace. 'This bioregional mode of thinking and acting is presently one of the most vigorous movements taking place anywhere on the North American continent. Its comprehensive concern is leading toward a rt!()rdering ofall our existing establishmenrs: the political-legal, the commercial-industrial communications, educational and religio~ establishmenrs. N Upper Sonoran, Ohio River basin Hudson River Estuary, and Katuah as ' well as others. The regions themselves were reercsented - the land, the plants, the animals, as well as the humans. The focus of the Congress was on the whole ecological community of North America Turtle Island. At the final plenary session ofNABC I it was unanimously agreed that a second North American Bioregional Congress should convene in 1986. Now plans are underway for NABC 1I! It will be hosted by the Great Lakes Bioregional Congress (GLBC) from August 25-29, 1986. There will be a conference style format at the beginning of the week followed by the convening of the formal Congress later in the week. Some major areas of ecologically-based work which will be represented at NABC D are: ~xhibit ~air. The format of the Congress itself will .be at the discretion of the representallves. The NABC I was structured to include NABC Standing Committees (Agriculture/Permaculture Econ?mics, Forests, Culture & Arts, etc.} ~ectln~ on a regular basis plus small d!scus~1on .groups meeting to discuss b1orcg1onal 1ssues and practical strategies as well as plenary sessions. ' Throughout the week there will be amp!~ . time for informal networking, socializing, and celebrating. I_'. contingency from Kat6ah will be a~tendi.ng NABC II and is developing a b1orc;g1onal .presentation and exhibit for sharing with the other bioregions. ~ponsors of NABC II from Appalachia include: Katiiab: Bjorc~onal Journal of the Southern Appalachjans. Indian Valley Ce~~r for Holistic Living and Learning (Wilhs, VA), Lon~ Branch Environmental Educatio~ Cen~ (S~dy Mush, NC), and A~p~ach1a-Sc1ence 10 the Public Interest ~LIVlng~ton, KY). For additional mfonnaoon, contact Mamie Muller ~ (704) 252-9167 P"' All Species Rights Appropriate Technology, An:hirecture, and Design Bioregionalisrn...Cooperatives/Communities Cul1we/Ans •• .Ecological Politics/Green Ec~Feminism'Posl patriarchlal values Politics Educalioo...Environmental DefensdConservatioo Forestry/Agrofaesuy Holistic Health Care/Healing Land Stewardship...Native People's Rights Organic Agricu ltute/Pennaculture - Thomas Berry in Bjoregjons.· The Context for Rejnhabjtjng the Eqrth. 1984 Peace/Equality/Justice...Regional Planning In May of 1984, over 200 participants from all over the continent attended the first North American Bi~egional Congress ... representatives from bloregional, ecological an~ sustain~bility-oriented groups, and nauve and tnbal organizations. Bioregional areas represented included the Prairie Ozarks, Cumberland-Green watershed' ' Renewable Resource Development Responsible lnves1rnent Spiriruallty/Sacredne.WCeremony Sustainable F.conomics/BU$iness Water Quality ....• as weU as others. The Conference time will include papers,. panels and special b1oregional presentauons,and a bioregional "".orks~ops, ~a~e, ~~ T-SHI RTS Each ori2inal desi 2n hand screened in 5 colors on the finest 100% pre-shrunk cotton Short SIMVe Long SIHVe short and lon2 sleeve t-shirts. 110 ppd. rSEJIP CJrFOC s14 pd l P CNA1t9E' • Na me Black Bear D Silver 0 Tan 0 While Red-failed Hawk D Ecru long Short 0 0 a l'f, a ,r , J long sleeve Includes hawk feat'-s /L__ _ ) ,.....,po~ Address '"&::::;:=~;:;;;~;::::::::::::= Mastercard v· " _T_,,......_........ flt.one Silver 0 Tan S·M-L-Xl .., r,,,..ti.. • ~( 1-· O(M,~:;1~.,. ISO -------Exp. date w.,....ui.,11en7M olltu dalgns_o - .-lob-1.e__ #Nlfar o lxocJuuc ULTRAVIOLET PURIFICATION ANO FILTERING SYSTE"IS SOLAR PRODUCTS WATER ANAlYSIS RANDALL C. LAN IER 704 29359 12 H W Y 107 RT. 68 BOX 125 CUL LOW HEE, N C 28 723 KAT AH - page 27 Joe Roberts 258-1038 734 Town Mountain Rd , 01vrd Reed 253 2846 Ashtville. NC 28805 . nmml'r IQRI'\ �20-22 e v € n t' 5 13-18 Slippery Rock, PA A People's Conference on the Fate of Our Forests. Slippery Rock University, Slippery Rock, PA; sponsored by The Earth Regeneration and Reforestation Association (fERRA); More info: TERRA c/o Elfin Permacu!ture; P.O. Box 202; Orange, MA 01364; (617) 544-7810. 28 20-25 28-July 5 Burnsville, NC Southern Appalachian Wilderness Encounter led by Doug Elliott; hiking camping, foraging in the mountains - for info, write or call: Doug Elliott; Rt 4, Box 137; Burnsville, NC 28714 (704) 682-9263. Nantahala River Nantaha!a River Festiya! - River cleanup, environmental awareness programs, biking, Bartram Trail walks, swimming. Free camping; meals available. Reply to: Brett Poirier; US 19W, Box 41; Bryson City, NC 28713. 21 Summer Solstice-Full Moon Celo Community, NC Full Moon Party - Drumming, dancing; bring instruments, snacks, high spirits; "Mountain Gardens," 3020 Whiteoak Creek Rd. (704) 675-5664. Pre-register: Southern Dharma Retreat Center; Rt. 1, Box 34H; Hot Springs, NC 28743. 28 Great Smokies Park Greeory Bald Azalea Hike Smoky Mountain Field School, see 6121-22 28 Banner Elk, NC R2an Mountain Hike North Carolina Nature Conservancy; P.O. Box 805; Chapel Hill, NC 27514. 21 21 Swannanoa, NC O_penine Concert of Swannanoa Oamber Festival at Warxcn Wi1son Co!!cze William Nelson and Werner John. 8:00 P.M., Kittredge Theater, WWC. Hot Sprlngs, NC Goddesses Arnone Us: An Empowr;rment Retreat for Meo and Women Black Mountain, NC Timmy Abell Irish & Traditional. McDibbs, see 6121. 28-29 Great Smokies Park Mt. LeConte Lodee Hjke & Oyernieht Research Qn Wild Mammals Qf the Sm2kies: A Hands-On Course Qn Animal Life jn SmQky Mountain Streams Smoley Mountain Field School, see 6121-22 Il1LY ~ July Genius Qf fubn Juliys WilnQty Cherokee Heritage Center. 21 Black Mountain, NC John Pabey Conte.mporary of Leo Kottke. McDibbs; 119 Cherry St; B!aclc Mountain, NC 28711. 21-22 13-15 Farner, TN Herbal Retreat at PeJ>perland Fann Camp; herb walks, foraging for wild foods, identifying medicinal plants, etc. $65.00 meals & lodging/adults; children 6-16, $15; under 6, free. (704) 494-2353. Leicester, NC "Positively StQppine tbe Dump" Celebration - Fuodraiser. Music, food, volleyball and information. Sandy Mush Community Center 12:00 Noon - 8:00 PM. 14 Great Smokies Park Identification of Fems Smoky Mountain Field School. Non-credit programs. 2016 Lake Ave.; University of Tennessee; Knoxville, 1N 37996. 22-28 Brasstown, NC June Dance Week English, American & Scottish country dance and song. Tuition $130 plus lodging and meals. John C. Campbell Folk School, see 6/15. 14-22 Sam's Knob Mountain Reeional Rainbow Summer Solstice Celebration Contact: David Recd, (704) 253-2846 (before 9:30 P.M.). Brasstown, NC June Festival Choice of classes in mountain singing, recorder, and dulcimer; or crafts. Tuition $130 plus meals and lodging. John C. Campbell Fol.le School; Rt. l; Brasstown, NC 28902. (704) 837-2775. 5 Alum Ridge, VA Psycho Chiroloey Seminar on psychological hand interpretation with Muzawir. $25 or barter, free camping. Pre-register: Penny Royal Educational Center; Rt. H C 67, Box 171 ; Alum Ridge, VA 24051 (703)763-3728. 6-7 Turtle Island "Circle Qf Lieht" - Prayers for protection of the Hopis and Dineb threatened with forced removal from their sacred land by the U.S. Government. From midnight July 6 throughout the removal deadline date of July 7. 15-21 23-27 Horsepasture River Pretty Pictures & Politics: visual Environmentalism Appalachian Environmental Arts Center; P.O. Drawer 580; Highlands, NC 28741. 6-7 Celo Community, NC "Mountain Gardens" tour and perennial plant sale; 3020 Whiteoak Creek Rd., (704) 675-5664. 18-21 Bakersville, NC RhQdQdendrnn Festival TRAC; Spruce Pine, NC 28777. Raleigh, NC l.ow-Jeyel Radiation Waste Rally to urge the NC General Assembly to get out of SE Compact (see ~ p.21) Maio speaker: Brost Schori, biosafety radiation officer at Dartmouth Medical Center. At State Capitol, starts 9:00 am. more info: (919) 832-7491. 17 25-26 Raleigh, NC NC Al!ematiye Faonine Fjeld Jlu. Promising new approaches for a sustainable agriculture. More info: Dr. R. H. Miller; Dept of Soil Science; P.O. Box 7619, NC State University; Raleigh, NC 27695-7619. 26-29 Swannanoa, NC SwQCds intQ Plowshares Peace Studies programs in higher education. Warren Wilson College. Swannanoa, NC 298-3325 (x231). 10-Aug 3 Blue Ridge Parkway MQuntain Sweet Talk Two-act play by The Folkte!Jers. Folk Art Center Theater. More info: Mountain Sweet Talk; c/o The Fol.lctellers; P.O. Box 2898; Asheville, NC 28802 (704) 258-1113. �11- 19 Alum Ridge, VA Psychic Allunement Seminar with Tom Williams and Muzawir. Explore the self-healing abilities we all possess. S200 or barter; bring food, pre-register. sec 115. '? ,·..~ ..~ .. · {u-~~ ~ • ~) ... ~~ :~ . ). :t ' '. ~-- . - . - r.:- _,. - ~~ - ~ 9-10 Willis, VA The Herbal Medjcjne Chest with Susun S. Weed. Contact: Indian Valley Holistic Center. Rt. 2, Box 58; Willis, VA 24380. 11-17 Willis, VA Women's Wellness Week Bodywork, herbal medicine and medical self-help, see 8/9. 12 West Jefferson, NC Bluff Mountain Hike North Carolina Nature Conservancy, see 6128. 14-25 Elkins, WV Augusta Heritage Arts fair food, crafts, and !otsa music! (3 workshops by Doug Elliott as well: herbs, woodslore, basketmaking) call : (304) 636-1903 for info. As heville, NC 39th Annya! Soythem Hiehlands Handicraft Guild Fair. Asheville Civic Center, (704) 298-7928. 16 Alum Ridge, VA Environmental Harmony Workshop with Edward J. Kesgen of Sunshine Weavers. Cost $35 per person, $55 per couple; bring food. Pre-register by 8/8. see 11 5. 19 13-20 Asheville, NC French Broad River Weck, Featuring: Sept. 13 RIVERFEST - AU-day event on the Asheville waterfront celebrating the French Broad River - raft rides, games, crafts, displays. Music by Mike Cross and local musicians. Celo Community, NC full Moon Paay - sec 612 ! . 17-20 19 Celo Community, NC full Moon Paey - see 612 l. Great Lakes Bioregion North American Bjoregional Coneress 11 NABC 11 Office; Bioregional Project; New Life Farm, Inc. Box 3; Brixey, MO 65618. Regionally: (704) 252-9167. 25-31 Banner Elk, NC Bie Yellow Mountain Hike NC Nature Conservancy, sec 6128. Also raft and canoe trips, hikes, displays, contests, river clean-up throughout French Broad River Weck. Dates not set at publication time. Call or write: Bill Eaker Land of Sky Regional Council 19 25 Heritage Drive Asheville, NC 28806 (704) 254-8131 for dates and details. SEPTEMBER 7-8 20-26 Brasstown, NC Multi-Media Week I Basketry, Pottery, Blacksmithing & more. John C. Campbell Folk School, sec 6/15. Celo Community, NC "Mountain Gardens" tour and perennial plant sale; see July 6-7. 18 21-25 Swannanoa, NC The Many faces of PeacemaJcjng, Elderhostel class on global understanding. Warren Wilson College; More info: 298-3325 (x231). ,.st3~ .~CJ,_ . -. Swannanoa, NC Facine the Nuclear Winter Njght: Options and Actjons. World Affairs Institute. Warren Wilson College, Swannanoa, NC (919) 786-5233. 25-27 Modica! Sell-Help 30-Aug 3 Swannanoa, NC fellowship of Reconcjliation National Conference Key speakers include Wendell Berry, Dorothy Cotton and Miles Honon. Contact: Rural Southern Voice for Peace; 190 I Hannah Branch Road; Burnsville, NC 28714. Celo Community, NC "Moyntajn Gardens" tour and perennial plant sale; sec July 6-7. 3-16 Brasstown, NC Mountain Traditions Stone Carving, Dulcimer & more. John C. Campbell Folk School, see 6/15. 8 Brasstown, NC Mountain Music Concert with Homer Ledford. John C. Campbell Folk School, see 6/15. - J:J11da J"!J G>tik S1'1'C.//Jfi (} fXtp ~(11.1<tf ~f.1.wqr :R!t~ ti 'R.;faritJ 'f3.1f..111rn~q - A llA!rlng Ind '-"'II mou,_, _ Cm!f"" August 11·17 Wldl H-S-WMd, c.,..,_ M_.t, MD. Hd 8od1 w...... udMlllklM Mtndldl Mclno..a "!ltffJ D:<'\1u_y.u .W•11 255-19M IHDIAH VALU!Y RETREAT - 2ao.sa.w... vA2-110317- , ff 13- 18 Ib' 20 -22 27-29 July 4-6 11- 13 6211-15J7 SOUTHE:RN DHARMJ\ RE:TRE:J\T CE:NTE:R SUMMER SCHEDULE Q11ddcuu Eamgy,~DJKn& AUGUST 3-4 / ~ HMology P•- . l l S - WOQIXD1'8 w.a&Jll!a W%llX Asheville, NC Bele Cher Festival; Downtown Asheville. f(1 ~ S""'"'9 w.....,_ 25-27 Celo Community, NC Full Moon Paey - sec 6121. ama111 Lii Ao B'-lttll Cm M= 1Dd Wgmm with Roger Woolger. Ao iouoductloo to the universal feminine archeiypcs aod ao exploration or their meaoiog to us. :Cai Cb! Cb11m - Ihc E11cmlm E11cm with Harold Miller. A wec.ltend CllploratioD ioto the way of oot-doiog, or dancing the Mystic Spiral, or creating your own Formless Form. A ~iRllllDI MGdllllhlD Yl';ks=Dd with Rodney Smith. RodDCy will provide useM guidlll(:e aod instruction in medication aod will be available as teacber-io-re11dence June 30 through July 3 for those who wish to do private retreats. 2S-27 SRWL with Harruoo HobU~lle, Ph.D. A weekend or mediUtiOD aod discuuioo ~latlog Buddhitm and ChriJtlaoil:y. Miad[11lan1 Mcdi111l11a with S11110 Augenstein. Medlutlon aod momnt to momen1 awareness are the focUJ or this week.cod. Aqust Xllll !Qt Xlllll Wb11lc l.iCI< with BODDe Kelly. Adaptiog yoga to daily 1etivitia aod individual needs. 22- 24 A Bjau! z,o Wi:ckmd with S&ody Stewar1. The way or the selllesa self. 29 . ~ Hs:1lia1 I•:r Imi11 Mt:dilltiSZD IDd Cal Sept I K.11.u. with Anna Joy Oaybeart. A comp~hens lve ioll'Oductlon to Ille ll)(:le111 Taoist pr1ellces. 12-14 I2iss<cD1laa lb' Cbd11 Seed l1!'.ilbia with A ~ilHlllDI Mcdllaliaa W"l"ad with John YungbluL Exploring Christlaoi1y and Rodney Smith. relatiag the mystical upcrieoce of Christ to lcsi1b1 Mcdi111i11n IDd lb' Li!c ac 1bc meditatioo and. cootempla11ve prayer. Southern Obarma Retreat Center is localed in a ~moie area of the Smoley M ountains near Asheville, North Carolina. For further information about Southern Ohanna or about aoy or the programs above, call or write: SOtrrH.ERN DRARMA RETREAT CENTER 8-10 RLI, Boll 34-H; Roi Sprio&J, NC 28743 (704) 622-7112 �Hoaldeas GARDENING NEWSLETTER - A monthly review gleaning the mos1 practical and innovative ideas from hundreds of teehnical iniemational horticuhural publications - S 10 per year; sample copy: SI. Route I; Gravel Swhch, KY 40328. ACCESS is a free lelephone infonnation service on peace issues including mili1ary spending, environ.menial impacts of miliiary activity, conflicl resolution, elC. Your only charge is your long-distance phone call. ACCESS I is (202) 328-2323. ln!m!arianal pmnacuhgrc Seeti Yearbook - The annual bulletin, direciory, and resource guide for pen:nacultvre practitionen; $10.00; Box 202; Onnge,MA 01364. DRUM WORKSHOPS - for children of all ages. lherapeutic massage - Relaxes lhe body & mind...Call Martha for more info 11 (704) 252-2420. MOON DANCE FARM HERBALS - herbal salves, tincnues, & oils for birthing & family heallh. For brochu~ please write: Moon Dance Farm; RL I, Box 726; Hampton. TN 37658 HOLOGRAPHIC ASTROLOGY - Every part of a hologram con1J1ins all !he info abou1 the en1ire hologram, and each ctll in your body contains all !he genetic data about your whole body. Similarly, every body conlains all Ille infounation about lhe entire solar sysiern - you are !he solar sysiem and each of your planeu is ooe of your potentials. Olan & Consul11tion, SS0.00 Harrie1 Witt Miller (704) 689-4617. FAIRGLEN FARMS offen organic, biological feniliz.ers for fmn md garden. Send SASE for price lisL Biologically-grown produce IO sell? We SC interested in acting IS cooperalive nwketing agenlS with other growers. Wriie: Rouie 1, Box 319; Clyde, NC 28721. HOW - TO - BOOKS: "Gemstones, Crysials & Healing" by The.Ima Isaacs - 30 mineral families cl oompleie descriptions ($8.00); "NllUJ'e's Pantty" by David Wilson - 100 wild edible foods ($3.00); "The Soler Energy N0tebook" by Rankins cl Wilson use lhe sun for home heating ($6.00}. Please add $I ~:Jpping per order. Lorien House, POB 1112, Black Mounlain, NC 28711. 1HE RAINBOW LODGE, a conference ctnier and reirea1 facility, is available for workshops, reueais, ete. - Write: RL 4, Boll 4636; BWrsville, GA 30512. CRAFTS FROM SALVADORAN AND GUATEMALAN REFUGEES IN NICARAGUA: Cards, plaques, boxes, puzzles, patt:bes; This irade benefits refugees directly. Brochure from: Dry Creek Cooperative Trading 918 Jennings CL Woodbu.ry, TN 37190 a oon-profil oraaniz.ation. UGHTWORKS - luminous fabric window pieces by Cathy Scou; 734 Town Mountain Rd.; Asheville, NC 28804. FRIENDS OF 1lfE MOUNTAINS is a grassrOOlS organization involved in !he conservation and proiection of !he soulhem Appalachian highlands. RL 2, Box 2279; ClaylOll, GA 30525. CHEROKEE CLEANSING lEA - over a doz.en herbs (makes app. one gallon) - $1 .SO from Medicine Canoe Products; RL2, Box 90-E; Old Fon. NC 28762. ELACHEE NATURE SCIENCE CENTER dedicaled IO !he undemanding and apjX1!Cialion of lhe nawral world. For membership or visiting info, write P.O. Boll 2771 ; Gainesville, GA 30503. AMRITA HERBAL PRODUCTS - Comfrey, Eucalypws, or Golden Seal Salve, Lemon or Lavender Pace Cream. Made wilh nawral and essential oils and love. Send for brochure: RL 1, Box 737; Floyd, VA 24091. AMERICAN MINOR BREEDS CONSERVANCY is saving endangered breeds of farm liveslOCk. If you keep any minor breeds or know of olhen who do, please lei AMBC know. $10 10 join. AMBC; P.O. Box 477; PillSboro, NC 27312. CUSTOM CELTIC HARPS - A'Coun Bason; Travianna F1rn1; RL 1; Check. VA 24072. Shares for sale in FLOYD AORICULTURAL ENERGY CO-OP; par valued at $100 each. Will Bason; Travianna Farm; Rt I ; Check, VA 24002. •AS WE ARE" - Women's music by Pomegrana1e Rose, a four-woman group playing lively original music. Casse11e llpe avail.able for $9.00 ppd. from RL 2, Box 435; Piusboro, NC 27312. INDIAN VALLEY RETREATS - We offer individual or group reireats on our 140 acteS of rolling meadows, wooded r:raiJs, fresh waier streams and clean air in the majestic Blue Ridge Mountains of Soulhwes1 Virginia, IS miles norlh of !he Blue Ridge Parkway. Reireats can be lailorcd 10 your needs, wilh as much or as little guidanct and social imerx1ion as you wish. We have rustic cabins, privaie or semi-private rooms or camping. $10 per nigh1 per person, bed and breakfasL Indian Valley Holistic Center; RL 2, Box 58; Willis, VA 24380 (703) 789-4295. THE LONE RECYQ ER -- Comic book advenwres of humankind's early suuggle to combat was1efulness. $4.00 pp. from Long Branch Environmenlal Education Cenicr; RL 2, Boll 132; ~._~.•::~~o "" Send submissions io: K.o.DWi P.O. Boll 873 Cniiownee, NC 28723 BIG MOUNTAIN - 10,000 traditional Navajo people lhreaiened with removal by US govemmenl IO make way for coal and uranium mines. Support and donations needed. Write: Big Mountain Legal Defense/Offense Committ.ee; 2501 N. 41h SI., Suile 18; Flags1aff, AZ 86001 (602) 774-5233. At ARTIIUR MORGAN SCHOOL 24 swdents and 14 staff learn iogelher by living in community. Curriculum includes creative academics. group decision-making, a work program, servict projects, extensive field trips, challenging ou1door ellperiencts. Write: 1901 Hannah Branch Rd.; Burnsville, NC 28714. GREEN RIVER RESEARCH JOURNAL exploring lhe connections beiween body. cools, and land. Send $1.00 for sample copy io: Boit 1919; Brattleboro, VT 05301. APPALACHIAN GINSENG CO. - Cuhivaied American ginseng, siratlfied seeds, seedling roots T-Shins wilh ginseng logo, $9.00 ppd from P.O. Box 547; Dillsboro, NC 28725. KA AH - page 30 MALAPROP'S BOOKSTORE/CAFE BOOKS - CARDS - RECORDS FOUR WINDS VlLLAGE - health and spiri1ua1 reireat; home for children in need. For visiting info, write: Boll 112; Tiger, GA 30576. 61 HAYWOOD ST., ASHEVILLE, NC 28801 (704) 254-6734 Summerl986 �K1Hfiah. wants to communicate your thoughts and f eelings 10 the other people in the bioregiona/ provirlce. Send them to us as letters, poems, stories, drawings, or pho tographs. Please send your contributions to us at: Kmflgh; Box 873; Cullowhee, NC 28723. The fall Kitiiah, Issue XIll, will collect our thoughts and experiences of "Death and Dying". The deadline for all submissions for that issue is August I. Please send your ideas for a theme for the winter issue of .Kat:Y.im. Medicine-- .Allies GET BACK! issues of Katuah full color T-sfiirts In the traditional Cherokee Indian belief, the creatures in the world today are only diminutive fonns of the mythic beings who once inhabited the world, but who now reside in Galuna'ti, the spirit world, the highest heaven. But a few of the original powers broke through the spiritual barrier and exist yet in the world as we know it. These beings are called with reverence "grandfathers". And of them, the strongest are KfilWi, the lightning, the power of the sky; Utsa'nati. the rattlesnake, who personifies the power of the earth plane; and Yunwi Usdj, "the little man", as ginseng is called in the sacred ceremonies, who draws up power from th.e underworld. Each is the strongest power in its own domain. Together they are allies: their energies complement each other to form an even greater power. As medicine allies, they represent the healing power of the Appalachian Mountains. The medicine powers of Katiiah have been depicted in a striking T-shirt design by Ibby Kenna. Printed in 5-color silkscreen by Ridgerunner Naturals on top-quality, all-cotton shirts, they are available now in all adult sii.es from the Km.ah journal. "To show r espect for this supernatural trinity of the natural world is to in turn become an ally in the continuing process of maintaining harmony and balance here in the mountains ofKatUah." To order, use the form below. ISSUE TWO - WTNTER 1983-84 Yona - But Huniers - Pigeon River Another Way With Animals - Alma Becoming Polilically Erreclive • Mountain Woodlands - Katii.ab Under lhc Drill - Spiritual Warriors ISSUE THREE - SPRING 1984 SUstainable Agriculture - SuoOowers Human lm.pect oo the Forest • Childrens' Education - Veronica Nicbolas:Woman in Politics - Little People - Medicine Allies ISSUE NINE - FAll 198S The Waldec Forest - The Trees Speak Migrating Foresu - Horse Logging Starting a Tree Crop - Urban Trees Acom Bread · Myth Tune ISSUE FOUR - SUMMER 1984 Waier Oram - Water Quality - Kudzu Solar Eclipse - Clcarcuttin8 - Trout · Going to Water • Ram Pumps Microhydro - Poems: Bennie Lee Sinclair, Jim Wayne Miller ISSUE TEN - WINTER 198S-86 Kale Rogers - Circles of Stone • Internal Mylhmakiog - Holistic Hcalln8 on Trial - Poems: Sieve Koauth - Mythic Places The Uktena's Tale - Crystal Magic "Dreamspeaking" ISSUE FIVE- FAll 1984 Harvest • Old Ways in Cherokee Ginseng - Nuclear Wasie - Our Celtic Heritage - Biore8ionaliJm: Past, Present, and Future - John Wllnoty - Healio8 Oarlcness • Politics of Participation ISSUE EL£VSN - SPRING 1986 Community Planning · Cities and the Bioregional Vision - Recycling • Community Gardening· Floyd County, VA • Gasohol • Two Bioregiooal Views Nuclear Supplement - Foxfire Gamca -Good Medicine: Visions ISSUE SIX - WINTER 1984-85 Winter Solstice Barth Ceremony Horsepastu.re River • Com.log of lhe Light - Log Cabin Roou - Mountain Agriculture: The Right Crop - William Taylor - The Future of the Forest ISSUE SEVEN · SPRING 19&S Sustainable Economics - Hot Springs Worker Ownership - The Great Economy • Self Help Credit Union - Wild Turkey Responsible Investing • Working in the Web of Life KATUAH: Bjoreeional Journal of the Southern Ap_palacbjans Box 873; Cullowhee, North Carolina 28723 For more info: call Marnie Muller (704) 252-9167 Regular Membership........$10/yr. Sponsor.......................$20/yr. Contributor...................$50/yr. Name ISSUE EIGHT· SUMMER 1985 Celebration: A Way of Life - Ka!Uab 18,000 Years Ago • Sacred Siles - Folk Ans in the Schools - Sun Cycle/Moon Cycle Poems: Hilda Downer - Cherokee Heritage Center · Who Owns Appalachia? Address Back Issues Issue# @ $2.00 = $ Issue# - -@ $2.00 = $ - Issue#--@ $2.00 = $ - Issue#--@ $2.00 = $- Issue#--@ $2.00 = $ - Complete Set (2-11) -@ $15.00 = $_ _ T-Shirts: specify quantity color: tan M Enclosed is$ to give this effort an extra boost I can be a local contact person for my area State City Area Code Phone Number KATUAH - page 31 S L @ $9.50 each ............$_ _ XL Zip TOTAL PRICE = postage paid $_ _ Summer 1986 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians Records Description An account of the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, later simplified to Katúah Journal, was published from 1983 to 1993. A quarterly publication, it was focused on the bioregion of former Cherokee land in Appalachia. The early issues of the journal explain the meaning of the Cherokee name, Katúah, and why the editors wanted to view the world through a bioregional lens, rather than political boundaries. A volunteer production, the editors took a holistic view in tackling social, environmental, mental, spiritual, and emotional topics of the day, many of which are still relevant.  The Katúah Journal was co-founded by Marnie Muller, David Wheeler, Thomas Rain Crowe, Martha Tree and others who served as co-publishers and co-editors. Other key team members included Chip Smith, David Reed, Jay Mackey, Rob Messick and many others. This digital collection is only a portion of the Katúah-related materials in the W.L. Eury Appalachian Collection in Special Collections at Appalachian State University. The items in AC.870 Katúah Journal records cover the production history of the Katúah Journal. Contained within the records are correspondence, publication information, article submissions, and financial information. The editorial layouts for issues 12 through 39 are included as are a full run of the Journal spanning nearly a decade. Also included are photographs of events related to the Journal and a film on the publication. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived This resource is part of the Katúah Journal Records collection. For a description of the entire collection, see <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/937" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Katúah Journal Records (AC. 870)</a>. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The images and information in this collection are protected by the Copyright Law of the United States (Title 17, U. S. C.) and are intended only for personal, non-commercial, and educational purposes, provided proper citation is used – i.e., Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians Records, 1980-2013 (AC.870), W. L. Eury Appalachian Collection, Special Collections, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC. Researchers are responsible for securing permissions from the copyright holder for any reproduction, publication, or commercial use of these materials. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1983-1993 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource journals (periodicals) Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, Issue 12, Summer 1986 Description An account of the resource The twelfth issue of the Katúah Journal covers a variety of topics, including, nuclear energy issues, shiitake mushrooms, trout farms, and the Cherokee people's historic use of tobacco. Authors and artists in this issue include: Joe Hollis, Rhea Rose Ormond, Avram Friedman, Michael Red Fox, D. Newton Smith, Rob Messick, Corry, Ise Williams, David Wheeler, Stephen Wingeier, Jerry Trivette, Perry Eury, and Marnie Muller. Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, later simplified to Katúah Journal, was published from 1983 to 1993. A quarterly publication, it was focused on the bioregion of former Cherokee land in Appalachia. The early issues of the journal explain the meaning of the Cherokee name, Katúah, and why the editors wanted to view the world through a bioregional lens, rather than political boundaries. A volunteer production, the editors took a holistic view in tackling social, environmental, mental, spiritual, and emotional topics of the day, many of which are still relevant. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1986 Table Of Contents A list of subunits of the resource. Living in the Garden.......1 The NC Nuclear Referendum.......3 Shiitake.......4 "The Water Cycle": A Poem.......6 The Sacred Scarab.......7 Circles of Communication.......8 Review: The Wise Woman Herbal For the Childbearing Year.......9 Review: The Small-Scale Aquaculture Book.......10 Good Medicine: Tobacco.......12 Sun Root.......14 Poem: "The Homestead on Horn Mountain".......14 "Hilahi'Yu...": The Formation of the Appalachian Mountains.......15 Natural World News.......19 "The Willow Tree": A Children's Story.......25 NABC II.......27 Note: This table of contents corresponds to the original document, not the Document Viewer. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Sylva Herald Publishing Company, Sylva, North Carolina Subject The topic of the resource Bioregionalism--Appalachian Region, Southern Sustainable living--Appalachian Region, Southern Beginning Human ecology Radioactive waste disposal--Appalachian Region, Southern Shiitake--Appalachian Region, Southern Dung beetles Cherokee Indians--Tobacco use--History North Carolina, Western Blue Ridge Mountains Appalachian Region, Southern North Carolina--Periodicals Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/937"> AC.870 Katúah Journal records</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a title="In Copyright – Educational Use Permitted" href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-EDU/1.0/?language=en 8" target="_blank"> In Copyright – Educational Use Permitted </a> Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Appalachian Region, Southern Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. <a title="Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians" href="https://omeka.library.appstate.edu/collections/show/79" target="_blank"> Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians </a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Journals (Periodicals) Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1980s Agriculture Appalachian History Appalachian Mountains Appalachian Studies Bioregional Congress Book Reviews Cherokees Children's Page Community Electric Power Companies Folklore and Ceremony Forest Issues Good Medicine Habitat Hazardous Chemicals Health Katúah Pigeon River Poems Radioactive Waste Stories Turtle Island Water Quality Western North Carolina Alliance https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/9c9bcfa84bab600d115a13527a96a8e5.pdf ba44c7456e39946ba15dc380372c8e1e PDF Text Text $JOO ISSUE XIII FALL 1986 Will the Circle Be Unbroken ..... �ci u CC~ N 2 wt::-tflM 0 ~ .. . CJ~t-J::N ~a::io~:O ~ a:: N (I) oz~j ~ 0 ::> 2 u M N ,... CIO N THE CENTER FOR AWAKENING.....................................................1 INTERVIEW WITH ELIZABETH CALLARl.. .................................3 REVIEW: A GENTI.E OEAru............................................................ 5 J-OSPICE...............................................................................................6 REVIEW: PEALING CREATIVELY WITH DEATH ........................7 INTERVIEW WITH ERNEST MORGAN...........................................7 J-OME BlJRIAL BOX. ...........................................................................9 THE WAK..E.........................................................................................11 STORY: "GOOD NIGHT FROM SHADOWS FALL"......................13 POEM: "THE RAVEN MOCKER".....................................................15 GOOD MEDICINE: THE SWEAT LODGE. ......................................16 NATURAL WORLD NEWS.............................................................. 18 REVIEW: WQQOSLQBE AND W!LDWOOQS WISOQM.............. 21 ~ .... s Q ~ w E-t en g ~ A: 0 z tl .. ~ tj ~ g tJ ._ 0 M a u u M ,... CIO en >< t! Q i en .. ' ~ �ISSUE XIII FALL 1986 ,, ~ ... .. --- i\~ Death is an ,l . • .. i~ti,;,ate, integral pan of the whole Life cycle. Not just part of the human experience, it is part and :i parcel of a.ll life -- from the microscopic to the macroscopic. The rhythms of life and death pulse through every chord of the universe...as the exchange of life from one form to another continues and continues. Death, then, is a process to be appreciated and respected ...and even, when held in awe, celebrated. However, in this culture which surrounds us, death is frightening to many ...avoided by most. This culture escorts us past the reality of death and attempts to insulate us from its comings and goings. Only isolated instances "pop" out, every once in a while, and serve as reminders of a greater Truth. The "pushing through" from life to death and beyond...the "pushing through" from fetus to the birthing and beyond...How different can they be...how much the same. This issue is devoted to sharing with each other in a community exploration into death and dying. It is also an attempt to understand how we here in KatUah can together tie the celebrated mystery of death and dying back into our lives and our human culture. A ~- . .. VISIT TO THE CENTER FOR AWAKENING The Center for Awakening rests in fifty-seven acres of rolling foolhills between the Brushy Mountains and the Blue Ridge Mountains in Boomer, North Carolina. The Center was founded by Elizabeth Callari, R.N. as a place where people can "consciously live and consciously die". Herc, tenninally ill people can come, when their life expectancy is measured in weeks rather than months, 10 receive the emotional, physical and spiritual suppon they need to make the uansirion inro death. Whatever one's belief system, race, sex, age, diagnosis - all arc welcome. The program of care includes music as well as good food, beautiful rural environment, meditation, massage therapy, use of color, imagery, humor, and medication prescribed by the guest's physician. The emphasis is on death as "the final stage of growth" (Kubler-Ross). It is regarded as a natural life experience in which love and caring suppon plays a vital role. A "tour" of the Center includes, first, a visit to the hill where a grove of seven stately trees arc firmly rooted in the earth, beaconing out to the whole vicinity. This is the "male energy" spot, as Elizabeth describes it. Then, a visit to the deeply peaceful Holy Hill where the "female energy" resides. Here a towering oak greets you - it has been snuck with lightning at least four rimes, but the scars seem only to add to its strength and beauty. Coming down from the hill, you see the beginnings of the Gaian gardens which arc being nunured and humored by Herb Appell, a volunteer. He plans to use biodynamic methods which have been so successful at Findhom. A grant from the Broyhill Foundation is helping to develop this project. Next is the old fannhousc where a large butterlly - the Center's emblem - hovers on the second story. This old - conlinutd on page 3 KATIJAH - page 1 Fall 1986 �EDITORIAL STAFF nns ISSUE: Rob Messick Scott Bird Manha Overlock Chip Smith Manha Tree Judith Hallock David Wheeler Mamie Muller Michael Red Fox Brad Stanback EDITQRIAL ASSISTANCE: Tom Hendricks Brooks Michael Jeff Fobes Special thanks to Tom Schulz J. Linn Mackey Sara Jane Thomas IIDITQRIAL OFFICE THIS ISSUE: Asheville, NC PRIN'TED BY: Sylva fu!s!Q Publishing Co. Sylva, NC WRITE US AT: TELEPHONE: (704) 252-9167 KlnWl Box 873 Cullowhee, NC 28723 SUJ1emen1 ofPurpose The ln1emal Revenue Service hu declared~ a non-profi1 oraanization under section SOl(c)(3) or the lniemal RcYCnuc Code. All contributions lo Kl1ftJ.h arc deductible from personal income w. JR\1E>C:lll'l0R Here in the sowhern-most heartland of w ApJXJlachian mountains, the oldest mountain range on our continent, Turtle Island, a small but growing group has begun to take on a sense of responsibility for the implications of that geographical and cultural heritage. This sense of responsibility centers on the concept of living within the natural scale and balance of universal systems and laws. We begin by invoking the Cherokee name HKatllahH as the old/Mw name for this area of the mountains and for its journal as well. The editorial priorities for us are to collect and disseminate information and energy which pertains specifically to this area, and to foster the awareness that the land is a living being deserving of our love and respect. Living in this manner is the only way to ensure the sustainability of our biosphere and a lasting place for ourselves in its conti11ui11g evolutionary process. We seem to have reached the fulcrum poim of a "do or die" situation in terms of a continued quality srandard of life 011 this planet. It is the aim ofthis journal tO <k> itS part in the re-inhabitation and re-culturation of the KatU.Oh province of the Sow/tern Appalachians. This province is indicated by its natural boundaries: the New River vicinity to the north; the foothills ofthe piedmont area to the east; Yono Mountain and the Georgia hills to the sowh; and the Tennessee River Valley to the west. Humbly, as self-appointed stewards with sacred instructions as "new nativesH to protect and preserve its sacredness, we advocate a centered approach tO the concept of decenrralization and hope to become a support system/or those accepting the challenge of sustainability and the creation of harmony and balance in a rotal sense, here in this place. Ever desireless, one can see the mystery Ever desiring, one can see the manifestation These two spring from the same source but differ in name; This appears as darkness. Darkness within darkness. The gate to all mystery. We welcome all correspondence, criticism, pertinent information, articles, artwork, etc. with hopes that KIHfulh will grow to serve the be.st interests ofthis region and all its living, breathing family members. • The Edirors • The Tao Tc Cbinr (as translated b;y Gia Fu-Feng) KATUAH ·page 2 Fall 1986 �- continued rom p. J homestead has been completely renovated and is where some of the volunteers reside. Then, there is the new modular home where staff person Greg Burazer and his family live. Last year, the Center received a $63,900 grant from the Kate RENOVATED FAR.\1HOUSE AT CESTER B. Reynolds Health Care Trust Fund to help with this building project. On up the hill is a mobile home donated by an individual as a volunteer residence. At the crest of the hill overlooking the valleys arc Elizabeth's home, the Center's office, the shared dfoing area and the guests' quarters - all in one complex. It's a double-wide mobile home with an addition. There is a large deck, bordered by well-cared for garden an:as, laden with flowers. These flowers were put in and cared for by Elizabeth's mother, Hilde Spittler, who is able to come and volunteer at the Center for part of each year. The guest area can accommodate up to three guests which is the total number for which the Center is currently licensed. Outside the guests' quarters is a fenced-in area for any pets that guests may want to bring with them. They arc encouraged to do so. The Center is more than just a place for dying. rt also serves as a place for enriching the quality of life of those living. Weekend retreats are held here by church groups and study groups. Periodically, the Center itself hosts retreats and workshops designed to heighten consciousness. The Center is incorporated as a non-profit, tax-exempt organization whose administration is supervised by a Board of Directors. Board members include homemakers, nurses, a banker, a clergyperson, a funeral director, a school teacher, an attorney, a physician's assistant and o ther business and health care professionals from Wilkes and nearby counties. Elizabeth Callari serves as director of the Center and is assisted by staff Shirley Brinks and Greg Burazcr and a core of dedicated volunteers like Abbie Echerd (see photo, next page). Volunteers arc invited to give hours, ~. years in exchange for lodging and meals and the e sfaction of working in such a rewarding environment. There are no charges to the guests or their families for room, meals or for nursing care. They are only responsible for the costs of medicaJ, legaJ, funeral, and personal expenses. Visitors are always welcome to come to the Center, but it is imponant to call or write in advance: Center f or Awakening, P.O.Box 46, Boomer, NC 28606; (919)~ 921-2228. , KatUah editor Marnie Muller visited Lhe Center for Awakening and shares with us these two articles - one on the Center, the other an interview with 1he Center's founder, Elizabeth Callari. (photos by Mamie Muller) CENTER FOR AWAKENING An Interview with Elizabeth Callari Elizabeth S. Callari, RN, is founder and direcwr of the Center for Awakening. Here she tells the story of the Center's growth in her own words: Abou1 ten or eleven years ago, I met Elizabeth Kubler-Ross - actually I was pushed into her path because I had such a fear of death. It had interfered with my life to the point where I could not function. I had experienced six immediate family deaths within a two-year period and there was no one to help me. I began to question - what is going on in our country that we have such a fear of death, that a clergyperson can't talk about it, a doctor cen ai nly can't talk about iL Your friends don't want to talk about it because they don't want to see you in pain and hurting so they choose not to talk about it and pull away. What is goi ng on here that this is such a fearful life experience? Then I spent a week with Kubler-Ross and she helped me get some of these feelings out on the table. I was brought up in a family where your personal feelings, you keep to yourself and you just "be good". If someone dies and you're feeling sad, don ' t cry ...everything's okay. Well, it's not okay. There arc feelings that everyone of us has, no matter how deep or how superficial the relationship is with that person. There arc still feelings that need to be addressed and recognized and you need to be allowed to express them. So afte r I spent a week with Elizabeth she then basically pushed me out the door and said "It's time for you to stan a hospice" and I said, "How do you spell it?". That's how basic it was. I guess th at was a little more than ten years ago... well, the hospice I started in the Tampa Bay-Clearwater area is having its 10th anoiversary...so ten years ago . A group of KA TUAH • page 3 LARGE BELL ON DECK AT CENTER five of us got together and staned that hospicc--the first one in Florida and probably the third in the United States. We were very new at it and didn't really have anyone to go to for guidelines ...so it was a struggle - but it was a wonderful struggle. In 1982, I knew I had to leave Florida but I didn't know where I was going. I had started writing a book and thought "Well, I think I'm going to try the mountains of Nonh Carolina". I had never even been to North Carolina. I - continued on next page Fall 1986 �• continued Crom page 3 we.n t up there and found a nice little house to rent near Blowing Rock and then returned back to Florida. The day after Christmas of that year, I was visiting relatives on the east coast of Florida. Driving back home, there was an incredible rainstorm and a young man pulls out from the other lane and hits me head-on. At the moment of impact, I knew I had a choice -1 could leave or I could stay. And I remember saying out loud, "Okay, God, here I come" and then there was like a switch "No, I'm going to stay." But it was such a profound experience. The next moment, I found myself under the dashboard, almost laughing, saying "I wonder what's waiting for me now". Nothing is coincidence, everything has a purpose. And as confusing as this whole thing was - being there and experiencing paramedics, experiencing curious people, my leg being crushed, my arm split open...going "you know, this is interesting" - it was like I was watching everybody act and react. Finally, I was brought to the hospital and went through all the fear and pain that most people go through but yet inside was very peaceful, very peaceful. A few days later, the doctors said that I probably would not walk again. A few years before that I was told that I had cancer and probably bad only a year to live - and I didn't buy into it. So I dismissed that statement immediately and started to heal myself...with music .. and color and imagery. I still have problems in this leg, but I'm walking! So the next step was getting to North Carolina where basically I wanted to retire - semi-retire - finish writing my book and do mostly lecruring. No more taking care of the individual person who was dying. That was the ego speaking. As a result of the accident, the spiritual pan of me became very real...and I got in touch with h ...and when I was in the greatest pain one night going "Oh my goodness, North Carolina, what am I going to do when I get there? I have this little house in the mountains. It doesn't have a ramp. What am I going to do in the snow? " All this, then my mind became very quiet and I received a clear, audio message - only one - and it was very clear that I was being given an opportunity to do something else...but I had a choice. I had a choice, and they said if you choose to do this work you will get all the help you need. And that was such an incredibly deep cballenge,1 didn't know how I could say 'no'. They gave me the name for this place and the work that would be done. And I simply put it down on paper so it was all written down. The next morning 1 looked at it and I was just amazed. You know, even now, I feel myself reacting to it. So, I made a decision that yes, I would go ahead and start this place which would be called The Center for Awakening and it would be a place where people could live and die consciously. One of the most difficult things I've found in sitting with people who are dying is being there and not getting caught up in their space of "why did I go through life this way? Why didn't I do the things I really wanted to do? Here I am dying and I haven't even lived!" Consciously living and consciously dying is what this center is all about. With the help of some friends, I moved into my little house in Blowing Rock in April and the next day we had a six inch snowfall, which was really interesting because 1 had just spent seven years in Florida and I thought it was wonderful! As soon as I could get out, I mentioned to an acquaintance up there that I was looking for some land. He said that he had just put some land on the market in a town called Boomer. So he took me on this land. It was the first time I had been in a pickup truck and he put me on the tailgate because my leg wouldn't bend enough to get into the cab. He took me on the top of this bill and there were seven trees ... and I knew. I was always asking "please show me some sign" because here I am an urban person, having lived in the big city, coming out here onto land that I know nothing about. So I said "please show me a sign where I'll know without any doubt that this is the piece of land that the work is supposed to be done on." So there were the seven trees and that to me was clear....and the land itself felt very good tome. The next day I came down here by myself and then I talked with the owner about the cost and how to finance it and be insisted that we have twenty thousand cash before we could close on it. l knew I was going to be getting some money as a result of the accident - that's really the main KATUAH - page 4 purpose of the accident because that money helped Stan this place. But, I didn't know where twenty thousand was coming from. That night I got really quiet and the thought came in, "call your brother-in-Jaw". Before my father died, he set up a foundation, some 18 or 19 years ago. The monies were to be used for non-profit organizations that served humanity. I asked my brother-in-law how much money was left in this foundation. He said, "we have twenty thousand dollars." That was the second affirmation for me. I didn't need any more. Seven trees and exactly the money that we needed. So I went ahead and bought the land. I did a Jot of paperwork the first year. I stayed in Blowing Rock because the place was totally neglected here - the old farmhouse bad been used for raising hogs, there was no water, no electricity, and so on. So I stayed in Blowing Rock and did the paperwork in terms of becoming tax-exempt, getting the state's approval to take care of the dying, and everything else you have to do. And then three years ago, I moved our. Two and a half years ago, we opened the doors to take our first terminally ill VOLUNTEER ABBIE ECHERD ASSISTS GUEST AT CENTER guest. And in two and a half years we have cared for founeen dying people. Most of them have made their transition here. One man got well enough and he went back home. Another man who came here specifically to die quickly rather than in a hospital died in four days. Except for him, everyone who has come here has had a period of remission that was not medically anticipated. And I can tell you that that is a direct result of having caring people around you. You change the environment and you'll change the nature of the disease. There's no doubt in my mind. Even though the medical doctors want to argue with me, I don't argue with them. They want to argue with me and say 'that's not possible'. That's fine. I don't have to prove anything to them. I just know that people who have come here have lived quality time that they would not have lived in another setting. Let me back up a little and let you know how we got water here. We contracted with a well-drilling company and they came out with their equipment, which was astounding to me. I had never seen equipment like that. I didn't know what was involved in drilling a well. And they came out and said to me 'where would you like us to drill the well?'. And I said, 'anywhere you'd like'. And he said to me, 'Lady, it doesn't work that way. You're paying us. You have to decide. lfwe choose a place and you don't get water, you're not going to want to pay.' How am I going to find a place to drill the well? So I told them that I would be be back in a few minutes. I drove my car up to that hill with the seven trees and really received some remarkable guidance. I came back down and I said to them, 'drill right here' almost where they were - within a few feet. And I still wasn't sure. You know, the guidance was very clear but I was still very skeptical at that time. I was still learning a lot about guidance - spiritual guidance. So I went back up the hill and I said, 'are you sure?' and I closed my eyes and I saw water gushing, just gushing over a rock ledge and that's when the peace came. You know, I didn't Fall 1986 �OAK TREE AT HOLY mu. understand i~ but I felt peaceful. I had to leave because I had a dentist appointment so I told Jay, who was here at the time, 'I'll call you around 4:30 and let me know if they get water.' They had told me that at 300 feet they would stop drilling. I called him at 4:30 and he said, 'do we have water!'. At 268 feet they hit a rock ledge, they had to change the drill bit, they went through the rock and hit a vein ...and we now have 85 gallons of water a minute.' And that's the way things have been happening! Last year was a year of building. The old farmhouse got refurbished, a new home for volunteers got built This year is a time for developing the staff, time for pulling all these loose ends together and really focussing on what we want to do. I really believe that dying is only one part of this Center. I think birthing and healing is going to be part of it also. So what you do is you welcome in the new soul and tell them you're glad that they're here with us, then you help them stay well, and then when it's time to drop the body, you help them do that - and let them know that they're waiting on the other side for you. And you do it with as much love as you have in your hean. No judging. No judging. no expectations. One of the first things I tell people who come here because they're dying is 'the doctor has said you have a life expectancy of at the most three months. You don't have to buy into thaL' Most of the people who come here have spent their lives allowing other people to tell them what to think, do, everything. They come here and we say to them, 'Here is your autonomy. You're g(>ing to make the decision and we're going to support you in whatever it is you will allow yourself to do.' And I think this is one of the reasons, again, why they go into this period of "remission", for lack of a better word. 'If I want to be a dying person, I can be a dying person. If I am a person who wants to live until I die - really ~. I can do that, too.' So that's the basis for it. Of course the basis or bottom line of everything is unconditional love. If you can give unconditional love. you will receive that back tenfold, as they say. When I came into this community for the first time, I was told by many people here, 'you'll never make it' 'Who are you coming in from a place like Florida... buying this beautiful land and doing something so bizarre. It's not going to work.' And I just stayed in my space and said 'someday'.. .'let me just do what I have to do and then see how you feel about it' And so very, very quietly, I just took one step at a time. And I let them come to me, rather than going out and saying, 'okay, this is who I am, accept me as who I am. I'm not uying 10 do anything to you people.' No, I just did everything very quietly. And so they smrted coming, one right after the other. rirst, they would get as far as the porch. They didn't want to come inside. And then they started coming inside. And then they started bringing me produce from their gardens. And then, they started calling me up in the winter saying,'it's supposed to freeze tonight. This is what you need to do so your pipes don't break.' And it has grown ... We're supported through United Way of Wilkes County. They give us some of our budget money to take care of the terminally ill - not to be used for anything else. Then, KATUAH - page 5 we're supponed through donations. There's a basket there. People drop money in the basket. They send checks. I speak and usually bring back money to the Center as a result of that. I've just written a book and I donated the first hundred copies, that I published myself, to the Center. Now a national publishing company has picked it up, so now it's a "real" book. It's called A Gentle Death (see sidebar), and it's about my experiences in caring for the dying and my own personal experiences that have brought me here. And it's only personal experiences that have brought me here. Nothing else. I wanted to get away from death. I didn't want anything to do with it. So when I went back into nursing, I chose labor & delivery because that's a happy time, that's one of the biggest rewards. The first delivery was a stillborn. And there it was for me to face again. And that's really when I stopped because I couldn't ignore it any longer - that that was the issue. So coming from a labor & delivery nurse to a person who takes care of the dying person has given me this 'whole circle' feeling. The soul gets pushed out of the body in death just as the fetus gets pushed out at birth. The body goes through contractions. just as the uterus goes through contractions. • continued on page 21 A Geotle Death: Personal Careeivine Io The Ieaninally III, by Elizabeth S. Callari, R.N., Tudor Publishers Inc., Greensboro, N.C., 1986, 123pg., $7.95 pp. Death is one of life's most mysterious and intimate experiences. It is not "good" nor "bad" and it is not an enemy, as the medical profession would like us to believe - death simply is an unchanging fact, an experience for awakening. Elizabeth Callari has directed her life's efforts to unveiling the truth about death. It is, as she says, "important to remember that dying is not an illness to be medicated, excised, and cured; it is a process whereby the soul transcends the physical plane for the spiritual one." In this slim, easy to read (big print}, guidebook Ms. CaJlari, an R.N. (Chemotherapy), reveals her personal experiences of overcoming deadly cancer, the denial of her beloved father's death, and the death of her marriage. She explores the three grea1 fears: Pain, Abandonment, and Helplessness, and gently reassures us that there is hope. "What I do as a counselor for the dying is to give love. Without conditions... .! open my heart and learn from the dying." "I leave my intellect outside the door and put my anns around the person I'm worlcjng with and say, 'I've never died before, so I can't imagine how you must be feeling. I'd like to become more comfortable with death myself, and I need your help to do this. Please share with me.' How the doors open! The dying are often our greatest teachers; shon on time but long on the will to speak straight from the heart.'' This healing book is more than a moving collection of death experiences. It is a valuable guide for the "caregiver" to overcome feelings of depression, worry, and anxiety which accompany terminal illness and are often more debilitating than the disease itself. A Gentle Death offers simple rituals and practical techniques to serve simply and with compassion. It outlines methods for survivors to overcome grief and deal with guilt Techniques arc suggested which allow a dying person to keep control of their life and their dignity. There are strategies to provide a total care program for the physical, emotional. and spiritual needs of the loved one. ''This book offers new hope. Rather than experiencing despair at the inevitability of physical death we can be uplifted by the hope of an easy, conscious death for a loved one. "We can share thls hope with others surrounding the dying person and thus be instrumental in their comfort and growth." -MRF blfl' ,P" Fall 1986 �HOSPICE by Nena Parkerson The definition of the word "Hospice" is a community of people with a common goal..... to care for travelers along the way. The first hoSP.i~ w~re organized as way stations for pilgnms m the !U'St ~nuy._In medieval times they funcnoned in maJor European cities as m?"85tic h~tages at mountain passes and nver c:rossmp. In the most modem context, hospice has been defined in this way: "A program providing palliative and support;ive for terminally ill patients and their fanuhes, ....an organiz.ed program of care for people going thrc?ugh !ife's last stati.on. The whole family is considered the umt ~f care, and care extends through the mourmng process. Emphasis is placed on symptom control, preparation for death and suppon before and after death. The Mountain Area Hospice Program, which serves Buncombe County, N.C.• recognizes that the dyin~ and those clo~e to them have special physical, psychologi~al. spiritual, and practical n~s. The ~osp1ce staff provides skilled medical, nursmg ~d counseling care in the warm, supporove atmosphere of the individual's home. When persons cannot be cured, hospice offe~ care... .loving, respectful, tender care. Their primary objectives are effective pain ~n~l. management of other S)'.'Dptoms, allevta~on of loneliness, and pracncal help and adVlce with the business of life that must go on for the families involved. The goal of hospice is to enable the patient and family to retain control over their lives and to maintain the maximum quality of life possible. Hospice can be administered within a facility but the trend is toward home care nursing and suppon. Also, although the program is defined for those with terminal illnesses, cancer patients are the usual recipients. A team of persons - doctors, nurse~. social workers, clergy, and volunteers, 1s committed to these goals and objectives 24 hours a day 7 days a week. No one is ever turned aw;y because of an inability to pay..... hospice is based on need. Patients are usually recommended f~r hospice care by their physician when their life expectancy is no more than six months. Then a staff supervisor and social worker visit the patient in the home to make an initial patient/family ~s~essment .. A staff nurse is assigned and v1s1ts the panent on a regular basis. much like a doctor on munds at the hospital, except the nurse often travels rural roads car:-. The volunteers do whatever they can. Perhaps they might sit with the patient while the primary careg!ver ~andles n~e.ssary business, or they might pick up medicine at the pharmacy, mow the lawn, do errands, read to the patient, or do anything else that might be helpful to the patient and family .. The medical team, clergy, and social worker are prepared for their jobs ~rough intensive education before actually being put to the test through experience. Although the footing of the volunteers is less sure, the remainder of the team is always supportive and tenderly leads the way by a series of 10 classes specifically designed to prepare them for service as part of the hospice program. Patients, family members and staff come to see that all are both strong and weak, givers and receivers, and that strength comes from close bonds created between persons as well as from one's inner resources. Most decidedly, this is a team effort. . In addition to the care given dunng the patient's illness, there is also a bereavement program after the death of the patient At the time of death, a nurse and possibly other team members, visit the home and attend the funeral, wake, memorial, or other appropriate service. Several days later, there is usually a call or visit to give the family an opportunity to revi.ew t~e de~th, .ask any questions that may linger in ~tr llllnds, ~d to assure the family that they did everything possible. This is also an opponuruty for hospice staff to detect any problems the Hospice of Yancy Coun1y 2119 Hwy. 80 South Burnsville. NC 28714 Coniacc Sally L Burrowes Phone: (704) 675-5518 ,,,.......-:: Appalachian Hospice P.O. Box 647 Hayesville, NC 28904 Contact: William ff. Bell Phone: (704) 389-6831 Hospice of Hcndersoo County P.O. Box 2395 Hendersonville. NC 28793 Coniaci: Mary Ocary Phone: (704) 692-6178 Hospice of Ashe Counly P.O. Box 216 Jerrerson, NC 28640 Coniacc Roland Mullinix Phone:(919)246-4542 Home Heallh Hospice CJ. Harris Community Hospital 59 Hospital Road family may have with ~h~ grief process. Periodic calls and/or v1s1ts are made as necessary and at ~ app~priate .time an invitation to the survtvors might be issued to anend monthly social gatherings. The focus of these gatherings is on the bereaved helping each other through the stages of grief although staff will be present. The famUy is assured that even after discharge, they may feel free to call the hospice if problems occur. In a recent newspaper article, one of the staff nurses of the Mountain Area Hospice was quoted as saying, "My personal relationship with G.od extends ~o my patients. Whether 1 sit and pray wuh my patient or not doesn't mean the love of God doesn't flow through my touch and presence." I feel sure that sentiment is deeply shared by all of us. Hospice.... the loving touch, to make the path less lonely. Nena Parkerson is a one-on-one hospice volwueer in Asheville, NC. KATUAH- page 6 Mountain Alea Hospice 40 CbW"Ch Suut Asheville, NC 28801 Coruaci: Judith L. North, RN Phone: (704) 255.()231 Sylva, NC 28TI9 Contaei: Maureen Hydaket Phone: (704) 586-7410 HOISIC>n Valley Hospice P.O. Box 238 Kingsport, TN 37662 Coniacc Barbara Gipe, RN Phone: (615) 246-3322 SL Mary's Hospital Hospice Oak Hill Avenue Knoxville, TN 37917 Conl3CC David Balcer Phone: (615) 971-7531 Hospice of lhe Soulh 993 Johnson Ferry Rd; Bldg. F Atlanta, GA 30342 Conmci: Arlhur S. Boo1h, Jr. Phone: (404) 252-0503 Hamilion Medical Center Hospice P.O. Box 11.68 Dalton. GA 30720 Contact Florence Brem, BSN Phone: (404) 278-2105 Fall 1986 �DEALING CREATIVELY WITH DEATH "THE MANUAL" Dealine Crearively with Death· A Manual of Death ErJucatjon and Simole Burial (Bumsville, NC; Gelo Press; 10th edition, 1984). Dealine Creatively with Death is available for $6.50 postpaid from Gelo Press; 1901 Hannah Branch Rd.; Burnsville, NC 28714 To many of its users Ernest Morgan's book Dealin& Creatively wjth Death: A Manual of Death Education and Simple lkda.l is known simply as "The Manual", attesting to its usefulness and the high regard in which this book is held in its field. This most poignant of "how-to" books presents a topic that is of great practical as well as psychological and spiritual imponance. The theses of the book are that it is empowering and spiritually fulfilling to care for our own dead and that a sensitive funeral process that involves the bereaved as panicipants can do much to heal the wounds of loss and grief. But under the tenns of today's "funeral industry", a family could also save itself from $1,000 to several thousand dollars by following any of the several alternative courses outlined in "The Manual". But the main point of the book, that is emphasized again and again, is that individuals and families should be able to choose the method most satisfying to them to care for the remains and the memory of a loved one. In our culture, the standard funeral is offered as a consumer item, a spectator event, and laws, health regulations. insurance, and advertising work together to back a business monopoly over this segment of our life circle. Funeral homes offer service that is quick, efficient, and as gaudy as the family can afford. The only thing they do not offer is a choice. Ernest Morgan in Pealing Creatively with I2cal.b accepts this challenge. Tastefully, the book first takes up death issues ("Living with the Dying", "Bereavement", "The Right to Die") to provide background to the later discussions of the alternatives available to those who want to panicipate more fully in funeral services. Options presented in the book run from joining a memorial society, which is a group of people organized to encourage advance planning of funerals and to mediate relations with funeral directors, to "simple burial", as a funeral that Is organized and carried out by the family and friends of the deceased has come to be called. The book also touches on the pros and cons of cremation, and gives advice and help in planning a personalized and effective death ceremony. Care of the dying is also discussed, and Morgan speaks of the emerging hospice movement and home care of the dying by family members. Morgan comes out strongly for making an anatomical gift of the body or individual organs 10 a medical school or organ bank, which may offend the spiri1ual sensibilities of some, but generally throughout the book he carefully takes the stance of advising the - continued on p. 9 KATUAH - page 7 AN INTERVIEW WITH ERNEST MORGAN "A human being is part of the whole, called by us the 'universe', a part limited in time and space. He experiences himself. his thoughts and feelings, as something separated from the rest - an optical illusion of his consciousness. "This delusion is a kind of prison for us, restricting us to our personal desires and to affection for a few persons nearest to us. Our task must be to free ourselves from this prison, to widen our circle of compassion, and to embrace all living creatures and the whole of nature in its beauty. Nobody is able to achieve this completely, but striving for such achievement is in itself a part of the liberation and a foundation for inner security." - Albert Einstein Ernest Morgan: I wan1ed to begin with this quotation, because it has been very important to me in reaching an understanding of death and the death process. In Einstein's view we arc each a particle, a thread in the fabric of life. Each particular thread begins and ends, but the fabric goes on, and the individual threads give it color, strength, and continuity. Without these 1breads, there would be no fabric. The threads give continuity 10 the fabric; the fabric gives meaning to the thread. I would like my life to add color and strength to this fabric of life. Then my life will have been a resource, an asset to this process, not just a filler. Through the experience of death we overcome the "optical illusion" Einstein was UllJcing abouL We realize that 'Tm not here very long, either. What's it all about?" And somehow we feel a closer identity with what it's all about. In our daily lives, we tend to take our family and friends for granted. We assume tha1 they will be here permanently. We see everything around us as permanent, and we deal as best we can within this circle. But nothing is permanent. It's all temporary, and the best we can do is to be a part of the on-going lluman life. This will last. And what will last is what we do to enrich human life, the quality of human life, and of the environment., too. That's what really helps to make this life wonhwhile. Katuah: But i1 is hard 10 endure the loss of someone we truly love. What help is there for people who nave to make it through a time such as tba1? EM: My mother died when 1 was a few months old. My dad, Arthur Morgan, was totally devoted to her, and after her death bis affection, caring, and gentleness found other channels, because he transfonned his emotional energy, his grief and his suffering. and reached out in caring to other people. He was a tremendou, ly caring person. and this experience develuped that. I bad a very warm and close relationship with my father. and chat reflect in pan, 1 1bink, on my mother's death. for as my father said, "When someone you love dies, your love for them doesn't d1.:; it gets redistributed." That is a very pos1dve aspect of death. After my mother died, I wao; cared for and raised by my aunt. She dit:d when 1 was in my 'teens, and it was a very hard thing for me. What gave me the most comfon was a feeling of identification I felt with her, which made me feel I could carry on the things I admired most in her life. I spoke of this once in a funeral talk for a young man who had been a close friend. His parents had come to church crushed at the loss of their son, but they wem out almost radiant with this feeling of identily with all the young people in the audience who were inspired to carry on their son's life. This makes death a benefactor. Katiiah: What is the role or imponance of death in our society from a cultural standpoint? E M : As I said in "The Manual", l am strongly commined 10 creative social change, and this needs 10 be rooted in our social and elhical concepts, our philosophy, and our values. Social change is 001 just changing the adjustments of a machine. We are changing consciousness; we are - continued on p. 8 Fall 1986 �- .;ontinued from p. 7 Katuah: What are some of the things a family should remember to have the best kind of ceremony for the deceased'? changing motivation. We need to have a whole new feeling. And nowhere in a person"s life is one more prone to think of values, of ideals, than when there's a death. That's when we are realJy open to creative change. "What am I here for?" we ask. 'What am I doing?" I consider it a rare opponunity. If we can deal with a deaih in the right way, we will find comfon, inspiration, strength, courage, meaning, and the enrichment and refinement of life values. All these qualities arc at the base of social change. If we don't reach inside ourselves and find these qualities at the time of a death, that death is panialJy wasted. Don't let death go to waste. Katuah : It seems that it is most imponant that the living experience a death, to feel it personally when it occurs. Yet we shy away from those who are dying and give tremendous amounts of money to funeral directors to insulate us from the experience of death. EM: That is what 'The Manual" is all about, but one thing it's valuable 10 keep in mind is: everyone needs to know the plans! Get things clear ahead of time. There is no substi1utc for advance planning and having the people adjusted to the idea beforehand. lf you have the idea of doing your own burial, thrash out the idea while everybody's healthy. Get around to visit the county health office, and say, "We want to do this arrangement, and we wanr to dig the grave. What do we need to do?" Find out what the regula1ions ahd what the requirements are. We had a young friend whose mother died. He had her body cremated and arranged for a memorial service. My wife and I went to see him, and when we arrived, he was cleaning house. Well, when you go to visit somebody whose mother has just died and they're cleaning house, the proper thing to do is 10 grab a broom. So we were cleaning house when the mother's two sisters arrived. They were EM: One thing l think is very important is the matter of social involvement. At the time of death, as in a marriage, we want social involvement. This is partly for the support of the bereaved, and partly an affirmation of our social nature. It helps to mature us. If we rorn our back on reality, if we tum our back on committment and on this kind of stress, we arc reducing life to a sort of a game, and upholding a pretense that death is the enemy. Death can be a misfonune when it 1s misplaced or ill-timed, but death js necessary. Jessica Mitford (noted for her investigation of the funeral industry • ed.) once told me jokingly that her position on death was: "I'm against it!" I said, "Don't abolish death, or we'll have to have a government permit to have a baby!" Death is pan of the whole life cycle. It helps us to remember that we are a pan of the whole life cycle. It is importanr that at the time of death the bereaved persons have involvement. Anything that they can do to help with the fun~ral arrangements is good. The more they can do, the healthier it is for them. It's a spiritual exercise and very imponant. But :t's also important not to push people into it, but rather to encourage them. When my wife died, I helped lift the body into the box, I drove the vehicle to the burial ground, l helped lower the box. and I recited one of her favorite poems over the grave. Then, when we bad a memorial service, I talked for an hour and 20 minutes. I wanted to. I needed to. In our culture men don't cry easily, but we can talk, and so I did. We had another service for my wife in Yellow Springs, Ohio, where we had spent many years. At that time I only talked for 40 minutes. I was gaining. I was feeling better by then. Viewing the remains is also desirable for the immediate family. But again, they shouldn't be pushed, they should be encouraged. As for putting the remains on public display and prettying them up to look like they're taking an afternoon nap, I don't think much of that idea. KATUAH - page 8 business rather rhan a spirirual basis, and it still operates on that basis roday. Mosr of the funeral regulatory bo:irds are composed of funeral directors, so they set up regula1ions that are in rhe interests of funeral directors. I'd say that most of the laws regulating the funeral industry are drawn up as much in the interests of the industry as they arc in the interests of public health and safety. That's how it works. Law is a human instrument, and it is subject to human interpretation and enforcement. You can check on a law, but don't be buffaloed by it. Funeral directors don't have to know much about the lav.. but when anything gets our of the ordinary, they are quick to claim that what is happening is illegal. For instance, when some people were fonning a memorial society in Dayton, Ohio, they received a letter from a funeral direcror which said, "What you are doing is strictly illegal." But by accident his secretary had enclosed in the envelope a memo from the director's lawyer which said, "Tell them anything that sounds good." If you want to do a burial yourself and you are a substantial citizen, obviously honest and obviously sincere, and you carry out the details of death certificates, lransponation permits, and any other necessary forms, they will think twice before they begin any prosecution. Katua h : Do you see any changes, beneficial or otherwise, in our society's attitudes toward death, now tha1 it is becoming more acceptable to talk about death and its meaning in our lives'? EM : aggressive women. The first thing they said was: "Where's Marie?" "I had mother cremated, and we're having the ceremony this afternoon," the young man said. "You did what? We wanted to see her!" they said. We didn't let him out of our sight, for fear the women would tear him apan. We took them all out to lunch. and afterwards we went to the ceremony and had a nice memorial. The sisters then left, and everything was fine. But the lesson we learned was to get those things cleared in advance! Katuah: How about legal arrangements'? Aren't they major obstacles in carrying out a simple burial'? EM: OriginalJy, furniture stores used to carry a coffin or two, and people would sometimes buy a coffin instead of making one themselves. Then 1he furniture store man offered to help with the burial. and after a while it became a full-time job and the person who made the arrangements became the funeral director The "funeral industry". as It is call eel ~tarted on a The general tendency in the professions is still to regard dea1h as an enemy and to regard any death as a failure. They feel defeated by death. I have a bookplate that was made in Germany for doctors, and it shows the figure of a woman doctor wrestling with a skeleton. That little picture sums up the whole a1titude to me. The hospice movement has come up fast, and we've made some progress in the area of bequeathal of bodies to medical schools. Fewer of the schools are paying tr3llsponation now. Apparently they're not as desperate as they were to obtain bodies for anatomical study, and I think "The Manual" has had a definite impact on that. On the other hand, one concern I have now is that the forum for death education and counseling is getting increasingly professional. Professionalization is also coming into the hospice movement more and more. Now there are licensing procedures, and to get a license there has to he a team available around the clock. etc.. etc., until they ge1 to where they are in Asheville, where they are working with a budget of something like $80,000 per year. Nonsense! Absolute nonsense! That's our culture cn:eping back in again. The hospice in Yancy County recruited volunteers, trained them, put them in the field, and they went out and helped families. Jn rheir financial appeal last year the organization estimated they saved half a million dollars in hospital costs in 18 months. This was done by the aid of volunteers helping to keep people in their homes. That is a good thing. "The Manual" is to ... I don't like to say "combat" professionalism, but to counterbalance it. lt is a miniature Fall 1986 �encyclopedia for non-professionals. There is infonnation useful to professionals. but the book 1s aimed at the volunteer non-professional. ll emphasizes the idea of family participation and srresses the ideas of simplicity, dignity, and economy. I hope that for some people ii will communicate the positive potential of death, and maybe show that a bereavement, if it is well-handled, can be a creative experience. recorded by D.W. , .# ff' Ernest Morgan, now a continentally-known authority on death and the dying process, lives in the Celo Comml4nity near Burnsville, NC with his wife Christine Ml4ch of the profit from the sale of~ Creatively with Death has gone coward the Artluu Morgan Sc/roof in Celo. A SIMPLE - continued from p. 7 reader's choice rather than thrusting some particular alternative upon us. The result is a highl)' s.eositive, compassionate treatment of a very difficult subject. Detailed points of information are frequently illustrated by stories from the author's own experiences in death situation'S, and the book is supplemented by 65 pages of appendices that are revised and updated with each edition, making this a current and practical reference book. ln recent years a groundswell movement has arisen to reclaim the birthing process from the cold hands of the hospitals and the medical establishment. This has brought important feelings of empowerment to individual women and communities. There BURIAL : has also been much criticism of the "funeral industry", but Pealing Creatively with Death' is the first book to show lay people in clear and simple terms how they can get a hand in the funeral process. This book is a first step in reclaiming community control of our dying as well as our birthing. In its unobtrusive way, Dealing Creatively with Death challenges the taboo enforced by the major institutions of this society that says that death is not to be touched or even to be discussed. Ernest Morgan quietly and effectively does away with the notion that death is the enemy, to be hated and feared, and shows the richness the presence of death can create in our lives if it is confronted face-to-face and accepted with all the attendant emotions it brings. MAKING BURIAL excerpted from Ernest Morgan's book Dealing Creatively with Dr.at h BOXES A large end piece will be left over.This can be used to make an extra top and side of Child Size for possible future use. The following information is intended for families or groups who wish to carry out their own arrangements without a funeral director. Ordinarily, funeral directors expect to provide a casket unless some understanding has been arrived at to the contrary. Inexpensive Plywood Boxes: We offer here instructions for making four sizes of plywood boxes which are inexpensive, compact and easy to build. These boxes are not suitable for body ttansponation by common carrier or for keeping an unembalmed body for any length of time. If used at a funeral they may be placed on a low bench or other support, covered by a cloth (pall). Still Needed: The second side for the Large Size. If the lumber yard has part of a sheet from which this can be cut, fine. If not. a fourth sheet will be needed. [n that case, the rest of the sheet can be cut into spare parts and stored with the boxes for possible later use. Also Needed: Two side scrips of 3/4" lumber for Large Size (5" x 6'4 1/2").Two side strips of 3/4" lumber for Medium Size, (5' x 5'10 1/2"). Two side strips of 3/4" lumber for Small Size (4" x5'4 1/2"). (Side strips for Child Size were included in previous cut.) From the hardware store, get some 7/8" nails, and some 4- and 8-penny box nails and six chest handles for each box. The handles should be of the kind that hang down when not in use and stay in horizontal position when lifted. Don't forget to get screws for these. SIZES Of IUAIAl BOXES Nail a narrow strip to each side piece, flush with the edge and the end, using 4-penny nails. The good side of the plywood should be out. - continued on p. 25 S!o!All SIZE O•lllelt H .. •21 .. ll3W" S'4Yl .. •20Vt"' 21" 11311.. S'4Vt""•'311 .. $'6"121 .. 3'9Vt'"r1SVt"' ,,..,,°".. )'9\11""110l4.. 3'11 ..111 4' I s·w,.. ,,.. nw aJ lot'°' S'4\11 00 119" a1Z\11 00 CHllO SIZE ~3 " 11 .. llf"" all "" I - J'tVt" 114"" a10"" 0 00 0 __ ,,...,. .. 00 ~ Instructions: These four boxes can be made from two sheets of 3/4" plywood and 3 1/2 sheets of 1/4" plywood. Order the necessary parts from the lumber yard, cut accurately to size. Anyone moderately experienced with tools can assemble the boxes. __ ,,_. --- CMGS... . .- .I ! • ; I .. _ I 1)\11" !"10\11' ! Cutting instructions for 1/4" plywood (no diagrams needed): Second Sheet: Top for Medium Size (6' x 21 "),and two sides (5'10 1/2" x 13 3/4"). Cut long way. Two sides for Child Size (3'9 1/2" x 10 3/4"). Cut from end piece. ' ! ,.y,. Chart for Cutting Plywood Sheets: Two sheets of 3/4" 4'x8' plywood, cut as shown in the two diagrams below, will provide all the 3/4" plywood parts needed to build the four sizes of boxes listed above. The 1/4" plywood is simpler and needs no cutting chart, so we have simply explained below how it should be cut. First Sheet (4' x 8'); Top for Large Box (6'6" x 26"), and one side (6'4 1/2" x 15 3/4"). Cut long way. Top for Chlld Size (3'11" x 16"). Cut from remaining end. _ 8 $Ntt 1-----"8'-" \ ll'---- - - l l I - -lJoll• ~! 1 11--~-----l~ Third Sheet: Top for Small Size (5'6" x 21 "), and two sides (5'4 l/2" x 13 1/4"). Cut long way. KATUAH - page 9 Fall 1986 �HOW TO HELP CHILDREN HANDLE DEATH others). When a loved pe1 dies, children learn to mourr.. The mock funeral ceremonies teach rituals and allow the children to work out their feelings and fears. But don't replace the pet immediately as children must learn the deceased cannot be replaced easily. Death is universal, so no one remains unaffected by it. Yet many people believe that children should be shielded from it. But since one out of 20 children loses a parent before s/he finishes elementary school and will inevitably face the deaths of friends and family, there is really no way to hide death from children. Experts are now advising that children be exposed to the concept of death befo re it occurs. Often we think of children as too young to understand the meaning of death. This isn't always true. Children as young as two and a half years old have been found to have some idea of death. Sheltering children often gives them confusing messages; if they do not understand that death is a natural part of the life cycle, then they'll have a greater difficulty in coping with death in later life. How, then, should children be told about death? And how can we, as parents and friends, help the child deal with Joss when it occurs? The following are some practical guidelines that may offer help. Produced by TO UFE, this article is one in a series of articles which discuss how to better deal with grief and loss. The author of this particular article is Patsy Albrecht, (1983). © TOLIFE TO LIFE is a non-profit educational organization in Charlotte, NC which provides support services and counseling in the areas of grief, loss and life enhancement. Founded in 1979 by Alexis Jay Stein and Howard Winokuer, TO LIFE assists individuals in handling those experiences that result in grief: death of someone c lose to you, separation and divorce, loss of employment, retirement, physical trauma, and other circumstances. Through regional and national workshops, seminars, conferences as well as publications and counseling, TO LIFE concentrates on integrating the different dimensions of life--physical, mental and spiritual-which have become fragmented by the experience of loss. TO LIFE, P.O.Box 9354, Charlotte, NC 28299. (704) 332-LIFE. Don ' t be a fra id to men t ion d eath. Disrant friends' or relatives' deaths should be discussed so the child is gradually introduced to the subject. S/he will then be belier prepared to cope with death when it hits closer to home. W hen talkin g a bout death, don 't u se e uph emis m s. Tell the truth. Any beating around the bush can confuse, frighten, or hann the child, because s/he isn't able to understand the underlying meaning of what you say. Consider these examples from a child's viewpoint: 1. Grandpa died because he was sick. "Will l die if I gel a cold? Mommy's going to the hospital--is she dying?" Children can't differentiate between serious and mild illnesses, and can associate all hospital nips and illness with death. 2. Aunt Sarah went to sle®. "When I go to sleep, I might not ever wake up again." Teach with animals. If a child sees a dead bird or other animal, this is a good time to explain what has happened. Pets are also recommended for this reason (and · continued on page 2.S SUGGESTED READINGS ON DEATH AND DYING Than.ks 10 TO LIFE and HOSPICE and CENTER FOR AWAKENING GENERAL READING: Levine, Stephen Who Djes? Doubleday, 1982. Ewens, James & Henington, Palricia Ram Dass How Can I Help? Knopf, 1985. Lewis, C.S. A Grief Observed, Bantam Books, 1963. von Franz, Marie-Louise On Dreams & Death. Shambhala, 1984. Westberg. Granger E. Gooc! Grief, Fonress Press. Kubler-Ross, Elizabeth Death· The Final Stage of Growth, Prentice Hall, 1975. On DeaJh and Dying, Macmillan, 1969. Working It Through. Macmillan, 1982. Iibe!an Book Qfthe Dead. Ollford University Press, 1957. Jampolslci, Jerry Teach Onlv Love. Bantam, 1983, Le Shan, Eda I.earning to Say Gooc!bye When a P;ucm Dies. Avon, 1978. Kushner, Harold S. When Bad Thin gs Happen to Goo!I People Schocken Books, 1981. ~Bear & Co., 1982. Mowatt, Farley The Snow Walker, Little, Brown & C.O.• 1976. FOR CHILDREN: Miles, Miska Annie and the Old One, Little, Brown & Co., 1985 (1972). Craven, Margaret I Heard the Owl Call My Name. A Totem Book, 1967. Saunders, Cecily Beyond All Pain. SPCK. 1983. Carter, Forrest The Educatjon of Little Tree, U. of New Mexico Press. 1976. Moody, Raymond Life Afler Life, Bantam Books, 1975. White, E.B. Cbnc(oue's Web. Harper and Row. 1952. KAWAH- page 10 Fall 1986 �Old women are specialistS in those critical moments when the designs of culture are threatened by a breakthrough of nature binh, illness, and death - momenrs when we are reminded of our animal origins and human limits. Women of advanced age are healers, midwives, dressers of corpses ..... r HE Barbara Myerhojf Parabola Magazine, 113; p.89 The wake, or "setung-up" as it is called in the mountains today, means an all-night gathering to mark the passing of a friend or family member. The custom originated in Ireland long before Christian times. In the great migration from Ulster the Scotch-Irish settlers canied the practice with them into the Appalachian mountains. We can imagine the wild revels auending the death of a wanior who died in battle in Celtic Ireland. This was seen as the goal of life and was eagerly sought after, so while the women would mourn, the men would carouse in genuine celebration, ccnain in their belief that their comrade had auained a place of honor in a better world. Warriors that they were, they were also gathered to watch over the spirit of the deceased to see that no mishaps occurred during its voyage, for the dark spirits were many who would want to steal the soul of a warrior on its journey to the Fields of the Valiant The spirit of the original wakes lived on in the Irish celebrations, moderated and solemnified only somewhat by the Christian church. "The Church was suspicious of the wake. It had strains of paganism, much drunkeness. and frcquenc dancing - and the Church was very suspicious of dancing," said Andrew Greeley in his book That Most Distressful Narjon. , But "that national institution" of the Irish could not be stopped. It was a crue expression of the Irish character. It was "an extraordinary phenomenon," as Greeley described it, "both heartless and reassuring, melancholy and rejoicing, unbearably painful and stubbornly hopeful." The wild ouipouring of emotion at the wake served the family and the community on several levels. For individuals, it was cathartic and eased the pain of a loved one's passing. By coming together in a wild celebration, the grieving was confronted, even accelerated, and not repressed, so the survivors could work through it and resume their everyday lives. It was also an important community event, for at each binh and each death the community grows and changes. The community would instinchvely encll'Cle the family of the deceased and suppon them by creating an environment in which emotions could flow - whether they wanted to cry, pray, drink, dance, or fight. At the time of anyone's death, the "veil between the worlds" is thin, and there surely was an element of bravado in the boisterousness of the wake. It was unspoken knowledge that the community came together to share courage in the presence of the spectre of death. Light, music, and laughter all helped to banish the spirit of the Dark One from the world of the living. T hese times were definitely "breakthroughs of nature" when the briule veneer of civilization crumbled, and the Irish people, who repressed so much in their Jives, would nm tty to hold back the rush of emotions. Death played an imponant role in their lives simply by liberating these feelings. DYING IN THE MOUNTA.INS The wake 1ook on a new importance when the Ulster Protestants transplanted it to the New World. Here in Appalachia, shadowed beneath the forbidding ridges and rugged cliffs of the mountains, death was a real and close presence that made the white settlers feel isolated, vulnerable, and far from home. A1 all critical times the community came together, and a "seuin'-up" was an imponant community function. "The wake was intended to be a gathering of sympathetic relatives and friends in the home of" the deceased, for paying respects to the dead, and to dispel partially the gloom and loneliness that had settled upon the members of rhe family, but it came abou t that the all-night vigil demanded a degree of amusement and restrained gaiety. As time passed, it often became, after a preliminary time of solemnity, a period of song, laughter, games, gossip, courtship, and what-not..... " CNonh Carolina Mountain Folklore and Miscellany, by Horton Cooper) During t he early years of white settlement, caring for the dead was a communitv resoonsibilitv. Undertakers were out of the question then. "Pally" Davis, who lives on Nation's Oeek near Sylva, N.C., remembers how it was: "You don't know what it was like back then. It seemed like folks was better to each other. When someone got ~1ck, they didn't go right into the hospital, like they do now. No! The doctor'd come to their house. They'd stay in their own bed, and people would come over and help cook, and they'd bring some food to cook, and do dishes, and they'd set up with someone. There'd always be somebody settin'-up with them from the time they got real sick until the time they died. "And then people would set up with the body until it was buried. Some people in the neighborhood would dig the grave where the family wanted it, and they'd bring food, and everybody would gather around the family. They wouldn't go to the undenaker's back then. Nobody had the money. "When Daddy passed away, they made him the nicest coffin. It was made of oak - oak or poplar, one - but it was the prettiest thing. Big, wide lumber - like this (18"). And they lined it inside with cotton stuffing and put a nice cotton cloth around it with lace and a little pillow, and when he was all washed and dressed, they put him in iL "He'd had that lumber all saved out for his coffin, and enough for Momma's, too, and so when he finally died, two fellows back up on the hill there (pointing) took that lumber up and made his coffin, and set handles on it, and varnished it nice and, oh, it was the prettiest thing. Much prettier than you can get now at the undenaker's. "Momma lived thirty years after him, and by the time she died, they said that the coffin wood Daddy'd saved out for her had gotten wonny, so they had to get some more for her. "They're buried right over there in the - continued on p. 25 �GOOD MGHT mot1 SHADOWS fill by Turrin Keye Sera Jean Samuels gently laid her fingers to the withered brow, feeling for the pulse that still trembled within the old man. The wrinkled eyelids flickered open, and she looked again into the increasing vacancy which was overcoming the laughter she had known. "I'm going to leave you now, Gran'pa. Is there anything you need?" she asked, trying to find a softness in her voice while increasing its intensity to cut through to the old man's brain. The tired eyes only closed in reply. Thiny-six days. No ooe would have thought it would take so long. But even in death, there was no predicting the old man. Sera Jean tucked the quilt up around him and checked the steaming cauldron of herbs to be sure there was water to last through the night. She pushed the stick fire, piling embers up against the cauldron's belly. It was late September, and she felt no cold at all, but she did not want him to want for warmth. She gathered her things into a basket and backed out of the small srickhouse. She pushed the rickety door shut, being less silent than she wished to, as it flopped badly on its shoeleather hinges. She made it fast against any wandering animals that might bother the old man in the night. She had not believed be would make it through this day. But he had. From where she stood in front of the stickhouse, poplars blocked the view of the far mountains. But she knew the distant ridge lines could be seen from the rick where they would lay his body. Hewn of locust poles, bound with copper wire, there was oo reason why it should not stand for a long time. Longer than the guard they had erected to frighten away birds. The scarecrow had been her mother's idea, but even Gran'pa had not cared to have his body picked over by crows. Sera Jean inspected the dummy, dressed in some of the old man's clothes. She righted the head which had shrugged down into its flannel shin. All be had to offer in his shin sleeve hands was a shon bun round of locust tree with the old man's name burned into it It had seemed no more than fun when Gran'pa had brought her up here almost a year ago and they had spent the most of two weeks clearing the site, building the stick house, and preparing the rick. He had worked with patience and care, but still he had joked about morbidity and poked fun at Sera Jean's youth. Her father had commanded her to help the old mao, mostly to be sure he did not hun himself. She stayed out of school a couple of days and her mother had called it all foolishness and said that it would come to nothing. But, though the old man had presented it as quirkiness, it was obvious to them all that KA11JAH - page 12 he was deadly serious. But then Gran'pa had fallen in the winter, breaking his hip. The old bones had refused to mend. His every movement had become painful and his disposition sour. He chose to die rather than continue toward further dilapidation. No ooe supponed his choice. He stopped eating and became crankier still. But it was not until he began spending every day trying to climb the ridge to his stickhouse, that anyone took his death wish to purpose. Sera Jean and her mother had brought his frail old body there. It bad seemed to Sera Jean that he could not, and therefore would not, stay. But each time he refused her gentle persuasions to come down. He seemed more at peace, there on the ridge, regaining some of his impish laughter. But it was only a brief respite before the old man bad sunk to the level of the sleeping mat in the stickhouse, never to rise again. He ate nothing, drank little, and for the past two weeks Sera Jean had stayed out of school, believing each succeeding day would be the old man's last. It had become an ordeal for everyone. The last of the dying sun winked at her through the foliage of the western ridge, and it prompted her to continue on to her home. She lifted her basket to her bead and staned down the narrow, steep trail that wound its way down from the ridge. She came out in the upper pastures which joined the nut orchard further down. The trees hung heavy, and harvest was not far away. Soon everyone would be up here where there was no one now. There would be basket lunches and calling between the trees, and she would be climbing up the tallest chestnut to put nuts in her shoulder sling and gaze at the ridges in the clearest of fall days. She \\ aS nl\ssing through the lower fields now, where the tr.iii had become a lane and the trickling water had grown into a stream that sang a rhythm for the day's end. The lane brought her down into fields in succession of growth - some recently harvested, some already fuzzy where the winter cover had been planted. Sera Jean turned to see a dark, tall woman coming up the hill toward her, flowing gracefully over the broken terrain on bare feet "Auntie Peg!" Sera Jean greeted her as the woman pulled up before her, flashing her warm smile. "Have you been all day on the ridge?" Peggy asked. "l picked some mushrooms, some greens. But mostly I stayed with Gran'pa," Sera Jean replied. "I'm surprised he's still alive." "I don't know why or how. He seems to get no worse. But I.can't believe he could ever get better." "Perhaps he would not agree with you. It may be hard for him now but I believe he expects things to get better." "Peg, what do you believe about life after death?" Peggy smiled. "Sera Jean, I don't think that's something you need to bring to the power of beliefs. Living things die all the rime. There is stilJ the same here as before. You shouldn't let it occupy too much thought. Just accept what it offers. "I remember," she continued, "when I went to Malaysia as a rural nurse. I spent some time with some of the mountain people, the first I'd ever met. They would wrap their dead in a rauan mat and secure the whole thing into a special tree high on the ridge. They would do intricate things and leave specific reverences to the body, but when I asked what ii all meant, they replied, To get below the smell, as it rises.'" "It sounds like they just wanted to get out of the way." "Well, you may be right. To get in the way of death would be a very foolish thing. And that would get in the way of life." "But it won't ever be the same without Gran'pa." Fall 1986 �Peggy smiled comfort for the girl's anguish. In a voice feminine and strong she asked, "And was i1 ever the same wi1h him?" Sera Jean slopped, puzzled by her aunl's question. "No-o-o ..... I don't know. I don'1 know wha1 you mean by 'same'." "Perhaps you should look more closely then. Think abou1 whar's the same and wha1's differen1, and maybe you can sec 1ha1 what's really imponan1 to you hasn'1 changed al all." "My love for Gran'pa?" Sera Jean wondered about Peggy's question. "Don'1 forget his love for you." "Bui his love is dying!" "Sera, are you no1 alive and well and growing?" The young girl's slale-blue eyes blinked in assent. "Then his love is not dying. His love, your love, are one. Having grown ou1 of the things you have shared. Those things are gone. So is Gran'pa. But you embody it all. Flesh and bone are different. They change • 1hey come and they go like the sun and the wind.They mean almost nothing. But, Sera. wha1 doesn't change? What is always the same?" Sera Jean screwed up her face, feeling close upon a threshold. "God?" she tried. "Love? Life maybe?" "Maybe so," Peggy said seriously. Then a shine of mischief glinted in her eyes. "Maybe not. Maybe chicken soup and sno1." Sera Jean joined with her in reciting the final line of the rhyme they had shared so many times before. Their chant broke up into girlish laughter. "Come 10 supper, Sera. I've dug some sweet po1atoes and Jerrell will build a fire." Sera Jean smiled and looked up at the cabin tha1 Jerrell and Peggy shared 10 see a puff of bluish smoke rise from the chimney and knew tha1 Jerrell was already hard a1 work on the season's first fire. And hard a1 work at being man to woman. "No, 1hank you anyway, Auntie Peg. I'd beuer go on home. I haven't seen much of my own family these days." They left each other wi1h brigh1ness. Sera Jean continued up the trail. She 1urned around a bend of hemlocks to catch sight of the house, old now, grown into the side of the slope, barely, seemingly just barely, not a to1al part of il ..Started by Gran'pa so many years ago, i1 was high up in the cove, dangling on lhe end of a sometimes road, sometimes lane, sometimes nei1her, like a balloon on a string. II was se11led comfonably now after turning over a genera1ion of human beings. Sera Jean s1epped over the worn s1ones, through the doors, and walked the few steps along the stone passage into the kitchen. Felici1y, her mother, looked up from 1he ccmcr table as Sera Jean set her basket upon the big black cookstove. She sough1 1he girl's face for an answer 10 everybody's ques1ion and, knowing her daugh1er so well, voiced tha1 answer back to Sera Jean. "Hmph. He's still alive." Her eyes broke away briefly in priva1e 1hought, bu1 flashed back green and quick and omo everyday. "Well, I guess ils for lhe bes1. You and your father will be all by yourselves for dinner tonight. I'm going over to Marjorie's 10 do a sweat for Elise. If you had come KATUAH - page 13 down sooner, I'd have invited you along. But I can't wait for you 10 ge1 it togelher now. You'll jus1 have 10 keep Duane company." Sera Jean was a1 first a li11le disappointed a1 missing an all-woman sweat for a pregnan1 friend, but she knew that Felicity had only said that to lessen lhe harshness of denying her the chance to go. By the look of her mo1her's light step and the quickness of her fingers, Sera Jean could tell !hat Felicity was feeling young, excited, and ready to excite - girlish in her flaunt, womanly in her bearing. She was dressed in complements, and her countenance was no longer at home, but already out the door, before the public, not telling all, but keeping a reserved depth of femininity. "Sera, I won't be back 'til late," she said, pulling a flashlight from a drawer and tossing it into a shoulder bag. She slung it into place and turned to face her daughter. "You tell Duane when he comes in, would you? Sera Jean nodded as her mother brushed past her, starting down the walk. "There's mung beans soaking and a melon !hat needs to be eaten. Enjoy." The telephone rang on the counter beside Sera Jean. "Oh, damn! Be not for me," Felicity wailed to lhe plants of her greenhouse as she spun to look back at Sera Jean, her multi-colored skirt flowing wide about her calves. "Get that Sera, would you? And, unless il's a dire emergency, I'm gone." Sera Jean lifted lhe reciever as it rang a second time. "Yes? ..... Oh, hello, Mrs. Benson ..... No, rm fine ..... He's still alive, yes, ma'am ..... He's ... he's not at lhe hospital, ma'am .....I..... " Her eyes came up to find her molher's. "Just a minute, ma'am." She pulled the receiver away, whispering to her mother, "It's my teacher. She wants to talk with you." Felicity rook a deep breath. "Alright, I have to be a parent sometime." She dropped her shoulder bag to lhe stone by a diffenbachia plant and stepped near Sera Jean. Felicity coiled against the kitchen counter, brushing against Sera Jean, mother to daughter, as she rook the receiver. Sera Jean reached fingers to touch her. "Hello?..... Yes, I'm fine ..... No. My falher has prepared us well for his passing ..... Well, we're missing her, too, ma'am. She's spending most of her time with her grandfather..... No, I wouldn't say she's taking it hard. I think she's doing very well. My father and she are very close.....He has no panicular ailment. He's just worn out.. ... Yes, that's true, he's not at a hospital. Is there a law that says you must die in a hospital?..... No, we're not doing everything to keep him alive. We're doing all we can to help him die in peace ..... Yes, I think Sera is very important for that. Besides, it's her choice..... Well, I can't say I agree wilh you. I think she's having a learning experience that far outweighs anything she might learn in your school... ..I don't think I'm undervaluing her education. I believe I've got it in proper perspective. And no disrespect intended, but I'm convinced her grandfather is a far better teacher .... .! think Sera has proven herself an adequate student of what your school has to offer and I have no complaints about her deveioproent....J lhink she has lhe ability to choose where she wants to be. I trust her to be responsive every day, and I believe she does well. I don't think it's a mauer of life or death if she misses some school. If she chose to remain out all year, no one would be happier than I.. ...Send the truant officer, and he will be most welcome, but l don't think he will change things ..... Funeral? No, lhat would make no difference eilher..... Where my falher will be bur- laid to rest is no business of yours, ma'am.....Excuse me !hen, but Sera will not be encouraged to do anything more than what she herself feels is right. ....! think I can't add much more to that. Goodnight to you, ma'am" Felicity returned the phone to its cradle. "Well, r didn't need that." The woman, drawing a breath of strength, turned to Sera Jean and pulled her close. She pressed her lips to the girl's forehead and Sera Jean ran an arm around the slim waist, feeling her mother's breast against her cheek. "You be you, Sera." Sera Jean felt warm breath against her hair. "Don't let them push you somewhere you don't wan1 10 go - even if you're not sure there's any be1ter place. Don't let them decide for you. Be the best you can be - but you set the standards. Don't let anyone else do that for you." They were silent for a moment before Sera Jean's mother pulled softly away to retrieve her bag and disappear on sure steps over the worn stones. Sera Jean sank down onto the wooden stoop !hat led into lhe greenhouse. She looked over her mother's garden and out into lhe shadowy cove, dark almost all the way to the top of the ridge where her grandfather lay. There a rising moon had just cast its blue-whiteness into lhe trees. Rising, Sera Jean crossed the kitchen and pulled open the door to the refrigerator. She took from it eggs, red bell peppers, and the soaking mung beans. She thumped the small melon and made a face at the sound. It seemed far from appetizing. She washed the food, took down a cutting board, and was placing a big bowl before her on the table when she heard lhe door open and shut and the tap of her falher's step on lhe stone walk. His voice drifted in, light and out of key singing a little ditty. The tall, drawn man entered between stone and wood. His kind face brightened into a sincere smile when his eyes met hers. "Well, howdy, stranger." "Hey, Duane." - continued on p. 24 Fall 1986 �l;y Martha Lal4Tie Overlock n t e story that follows, I share wit you a persona experience with death and transformation. Through this experience I have learned more about trusting my i111uitille wisdom and my inner voice. This experience may seem surprising and somewhal paradoxical. I believe we are given the information and experiences we need to live life nwre fully. We are always changing .... always growing. Manha l. Overlock The season is Fall.. ... the time of change ..... of iransformation. I was on my way to get license plates for my car when I saw Rick and Troy turning right onto Charloue Street As they passed me, they stopped shon and threw it in reverse. With an intense look on his face Rick said: "Ralph - you remember Ralph? - He's missing! He went out in the woods on Sunday and hasn't come back yet..... PRA Y!l" At that moment my body turned ice cold. I did not hear Rick say another word..... Green light - oh yeah - I reached deep inside my being and prayed with all that I am I prayed for life, for healing, for strength and understanding. My body was cold - so cold.... .I could not get warm. I continued to pray, asking God to help Ralph, to guide Rick and Troy in their search. To comfon me! To wann my body! I was unable to get my license plates because they would not take personal checks. As I drove away from that office I knew that I had 10 go out to look for him ..... I knew I needed to drum. As I walked into my apanment and phoned the office to say I would not be in, my body slowly began to wann up. I changed my clothes and scanned my mind to hear where Rick thought Ralph had gone on Sunday. I heard Town Mountain Road. At this point in time I lived behind the Old Manor Inn. I drove up the back roads to the Parkway. I got out of my car and looked at the gravel to see if I could locate any tracks from Rick's truck. I didn't know which way to go.....Once again, I looked inside and asked "Where do I go?" I knew I had to turn left onto the Parkway. Driving.....driving .....higher and higher. I wanted to be there already! I wanted to be in the woods looking for Ralph .....I wanted to give that which be needed. I was getting nervous and antsy. 1 had not seen anyone I knew and I was already at Craggy-Gardens. I stopped and asked two rangers, who were in their truck, if they bad any information about a missing biker. They said they had heard some news earlier in the morning and called the main dispatch 10 get more details. They told me 1here was a car just past Glassmine Falls that had been left since Sunday. Instinctively I knew it was Ralph's car. 11 seemed an eternity to get 10 that tum-off. As I was driving I reminded my self to remain centered and clear to remain open to giving what is needed. I again asked for strength and guidance. I asked for guidance as never before. There were three men standing around their car talking when I pulled up. I introduced myself and learned that these men were federal and state authorities. I asked them if this was Ralph's car. I did not know with my mind if it was or not because I bad never seen Ralph drive .....in fact, I had met Ralph only twice; once during the Summer Solstice Gathering at Sam's Knob and once at the Nothing but Natural store, just a few days earlier. These men were a bit baffled by me. I could not tell them what Ralph's last name was, where be lives, if that was his car. Yet I knew deep inside that he was somewhere in the woods.....alone. I volunteered to go into the woods and start looking for him and was told that it was necessary to wait for more KATUAH- page 14 ople to arrive, so t at we cou orm organize search parties: that way, everyone would be in contact. l felt frustrated .....I kept praying. I asked that the people get here soon. I asked for patience and trust. I asked for help..... I got the feeling that these men thought Ralph had committed a crime. Soon after I felt this they asked me if Ralph was growing marijuana in the wa1ershed. My heart screamed "NO!"..... my mind calmly answered: "No, I don't think he was growing marijuana." Their reason for asking was that three men were seen coming out of the watershed area on Sunday. The watershed is off limits to hikers. The men who were seen ran back into the woods and the ranger never saw them again. He did see Ralph's car there on Sunday and wondered about the connection. He said he had spoken with some folks who had been hiking on the other side of the parkway. They hadn't seen anyone all day. A long time passed before I felt the au1horities believed that Ralph just wanted to be in the woods. I walked the trail with the ranger who had seen the bikers. We both knew that he wasn't there. We also knew that we had to look at all the options. While we were in the woods, volunteer firemen and Forest Service people and friends were gathering in the parking area. Formal search parties were being formed. Rick and I were in the same group. He could not believe I was there. He asked me how I knew where to go. I told him I bad followed my instincts. The whole experience of walking in the woods was very grounding. In that grounded state I began to truly understand the ebb and flow of life, nature, and my self. I realized that everything and everyone has a purpose and it is my responsibility to participate as fully as I am able. I now understand why it was so imponant (or me to know these truths. When we returned to the parking area we were told that Ralph had been found. He'd fallen from the waterfall. He was dead. "O, Mother carry me. ....A chHd I will always be; "O, Mother carry me.....Down to the sea." One week Later, as friends and family gathered to release Ralph's ashes and to say what they felt they needed to say, I went back to the Parkway to play drums and pray .....to say goodbye. I went to a place where I thought I'd see the falls. It was so foggy that day that I could barely see three feet in front of me. As I lit candles and bumed sage, I asked for clarity. As I played the drums and sang, I asked that my songs be heard. As I listened, I saw Ralph's energy field dancing in the mists. He looked like "electric rain", free and strong. He was seen on the same day in the same form by another friend in Linville Gorge. Months later I returned to the place where our searching began. As I stood in the quiet of the night, under e moon and stars, I listened. I could hear and feel the ythms of life all around me. As I played my drum I felt the ower of transformation sweeping through me. That feeling was so strong I began to tremble. In that moment, I experienced death being a part of life, a pan of the whole. One is not possible without the other.....I respect life and I live more fully; 1 respect death and the Crone does not bring me fear. I did not know Ralph well while be was alive. Our meetings were special and the connection strong. I learn re about myself each time I think of him. I am grateful for all the wonder-filled people I have met through Ralph. And I pray for our ~cc. ~ ~ // Fall 1986 �The shape of all our fears Turns fortune into dust Our dreams into mist Our grisly morlalily Feeding on carrion hatred and disgust Kalanu Ayeli'ski Crunches the skulls of our desires Its haunting cry As ii tucks its wings And dives into the darkness within Congeals the blood Stiffens the limbs And shivers in the marrow of the soul Kalanu Ayeli'ski Darkness that makes light bright THE RA VEN MOCKER When of the Great Mystery Motion was born The world was And because there was There was not; One became two And Kalanu Ayeli'ski Spread its dark wings The Raven Mocker To keep the Balance And give meaning to the au of life In fear the greatest of conjurors Cries out: "Kalanu Ayeli'ski!" the shadow Draws near, ruthlessly, sharp claws Ripping out the truth The dripping heart of the matt~r And with a triumphant croak Holding it l1igh for all to see Kalanu Ayeli'ski Greatest of teachus! Greatest of healers! One day we will all Life itself ordains Peer into the malevolent dark eyes And go shrieking down the blackness That opens into the dauJing glare of manifestation Kalanu Ayeli'ski, through you "We are reborn!" Say "KAH·la-noo KATIJAH - page 15 ah·yell·LIH-sld" (Clltrokle) Fall 1986 �The Sweat Lodge We have been told that when the people of the dominant culture came to this land, they subdued the native people of Tunle Island in a very cruel way. They took away the native people's land, and they took away their culture as well. They tried to make over the native people in their image, acting as if they were doing them a favor. We have been told that when we speak of spiritual things, "Religion" as it is called among those of the dominant culture, it should be remembered that these are things of the hcan and the mind - the only things the native people have left. So when the native people open their heans and speak of these things, it should be remembered that these are very, very sacred matters. If anyone truly respectS the native people and their way with the land, he or she should learn everything they can about these ways and what these ways mean to the Indian people before they try to practice them. We have been told that 10 many of the native tribes of Tunle Island, including the Cherokee of the Katiiah province, the sweat lodge is a sacred thing. Its use is for cleansing and healing, not only for the physical but also for the spiritual self. At the same time it pulls people out of their individualism. Many white people are now going into the sweat lodge, trying to capture that good experience. They wish to come together; they wish to feel pan of the whole. When that experience happens, people feel exhilarated and they wani to hug their neighbors, and they feel good about the spiritual things of the world. But we have been told that that is only the external experience. Much goes into the sweat lodge to make that experience happen. It is more than hearing some rocks and putting them under a cover. There is a lot more to it than many people know, and those people should not take it lightly. We have been told that among the Cherokees, apprentices who were learning to lead a sweat lodge would pull rocks, cover the lodge, dig fire pits, and tend the fire for many years - often 15 to 20 years - before they could "pour water" for a sweat lodge. During that time they were allowed to sit outSidc the lodge and listen to what went on inside and to what was said. Although they learned all the mechanical practices very quickJy, this was to teach the apprentices that there was more happening in the sweat lodge than the mechanical chores of its preparation. We have been told that the fire keeper, for example, fed and cared for the fire in a very sacred manner. The fire pit was used for no other purpose. To the Indian people the fire was a very sacred thing. It was a little bit of the sun upon tbe Earth, and it also attracted the spirits to the lodge. We have been told that the one who "poured water," the person who was to lead the sweat lodge, would lay a spirit trail from the fire, across the altar at the door of the lodge, and into the lodge. That line was not to be crossed. That person would use mixtures of tobacco, cedar, and sage - medicine plants - to mark the spirit trail. He would ask all the spirits to come. saying "We are doing a sacred thing; a sacred happening is happening here tonight, and these tw<>-leggeds are coming to join us all." We have been told that if one was above the lodge looking down at it with a spiritual vision, it would look like a turtle - with the fire being its head, the spirit trail its neck, and the lodge as its shell. If people go across the spirit trail, they cut the trail, and the lodge will not work. We have been told, too, that when the people gathered the rocks to be heated for the sweat lodge, they would not gather just a.ny rock. They would have a sense of which rocks had power, which rocks had people in them. They would bring only these special rocks to the fire pit. When the rocks wCTC heated, they would be laid in a hole in the center of the sweat lodge in a ccnain way. The first seven were dedicated to the directions, with the one in the center being for the Great Mystery. Each rock was "doctored" specially, and laid in its proper place. Everything was done for a reason. The rocks arc special people in the lodge because they are carrying a bit of the sun with them. These are all good things that come together to make the sweat lodge a sacred thing. We have been told that the one who pours the water on the stones is a channel for the spirits and a guide for the other people in the lodge. But at the same time this one should be a part of the group. He or she should know that the power they feel is not theirs alone. It is the power of the Spirit, and the power of the group. ,If they become confused by their own ego, then nothing will come through them. We have been told that the one pouring the water should know when there is something bad in the lodge, and he or she should know how to get rid of it, because the sweat lodge is a cleansing and healing place, and people often carry a lot of negativity in there. Things come up in some people that are dangerous to the others in t.h e lodge. The one pouring water is responsible for the two-leggeds in the lodge, and there is a real chance that one could be badly hun. When someone is ca!Jing the spirits and docs not know what he or she is doing, it comes back on them. Sometimes it hurts people - and not by being burned on the stones, either! The sweat lodge is strong medicine, we were told, and the only thing it should be used for is medicine. People should know that before they come into the lodge. It is not a social function. People should come in there to have a spiritual experience. Everyone who goes into the lodge takes responsibility for what they are doing, and the one who pours water takes responsibility for the energies that they call down. It is a serious thing. �To the Cherokee, we were told, all sacred things happen in fours and sevens. So there are four rounds to the sweat lodge. The first two rounds are to adjust to the place, to adjust to the people, to see how hot it is, and to bring up all the things the people want to be rid of. But the last two rounds are to work with the power of the spirits and the power of the people in the lodge. People should speak out in the lodge and participate! The energy the people put into the lodge is the energy they get ou.t of it. They should try to sing the songs even if they do not know the words. It is the people singing together in unison that caJJs the Spirit, not their voices. We were told that the Spirit Likes singing. The sweat lodge can do good for a lot of people, we have been told. It does good not just for the individuals in the lodge but for the people as a whole, for the sweat lodge is a very powerful thing, and it puts a lot of power behind the prayers that are made. It 1s a velucle tor common voices. When people truly "drop their robes" in a spiritual sense and join their energies freely, there is incredible power. Then it is no longer one person. It is 12, 15, ...20 people, and if they can all move evenly and not be self-indulgent, they can have a Jot of effect upon the planet and the situations we face today. We have been told that the sweat lodge was also used by tribal people in ancient Europe. The Finnish people arc well-known for their use of the sauna, and this practice is descended from a time when it was a sacred cleansing. The German people had a form of the sweat lodge in their culture, and the Jews also used a purification ceremony involving the sweat. The sweat lodge has been a pan of many cultures across the world. It has always been related to cleansing and healing. Even now, the Laplanders that herd reindeer in the far nonh of Scandinavia have a spiritual sweat lodge, as do nomadic Mongolian people in the steppes of Russia. We have been told to remember that native American people are not trying to deny anybody their tradition when they caution people of other races about using the sweat lodge. The sweat lodge is a gift of the Spirit, and it should be t.reAted as such. But the native culture of Tun le Island and of Katilah developed in this way. It is the gift of the native people to talk with the spirits in this way, and that is to be respected. If a Cherokee did a sweat with the Sioux, he would sweat m the manner of the Sioux. That kind of respect was basic. It was a traditional thing. In the same way, a white person should not take a sacred pipe into the lodge without understanding it. fr is the wrong thing to do, and it could be hannfuJ. One does not give a loaded pistol to a child. We have been told that women in their "moon lodge" (during the time of their menstrual period) should not be in a sweat lodge. This is hard to explain to women who come from a culture that considers a woman's flow dirty, unclean, painful, and inconvenient. Women arc very powerful beings, we have been told, and their mosr powerful rime is when the menstrual blood flows. Why else are men so afraid of women? European men have always suppressed women because they have sensed the women's power and have seen it as a threat instead of a sacred and glorious thing. This we are told: we all suck the breast - man, woman, and child. But we all cannot offer the breast. Women are sacred beings. But in the dominant culture women have nor been taught that. They have always been suppressed, and having a period of flow was something inconvenient to men, and somehow it came 10 be considered unclean. lt has been this way for generations. But we were told that a woman's moon time is not a negative thing at all. The reproductive cycle is a very sacred process. Women arc the mothers of everything. Everything comes through the mother. The moon time cannot be separated from ovulation time. During the moon rime, the products of ovulation are discharged. It is a sign that a woman has the power to create life, and it is a very sacred thing. A woman going through this time in her cycle, we were told, is more powerful than the sweat lodge. The lodge is a cleansing, healing process. A woman at this time does not need to be cleansed. She does not need to be healed. She is in a sacred rime - her most powerful and strong rime. It is so powerful that it interferes with the power of the lodge. She nullifies it It is self-indulgent for a woman even to want to sweat at that rime. She should not do anything at that rime. And she should not be interfered with sexually at that time. Perhaps she should go off to fast, meditate, and pray. When she is at her most powerful time, that reproductive spiritual energy should be used for good things. We have been told that one person cannot tell another person what to do, because each one must follow his or her own path and take responsibility for their own actions. But the native sweat lodge must be seen in light of the whole culture within which it grew. To take just one element of the sweat lodge ceremony without being aware of the whole context will lead to misunderstandings and mistakes. Spiritual matters are affairs of the bean. As such, they cannot be told, but must be experienced and felt. If one does not know how to do a sweat lodge, he or she must find a lodge someplace where they know the person is doing it in a spiritual way. lf this is not available, they may take a sauna, take a plunge in the river or creek, and when the time com~ to sweat, then it will be time to sweat. (/ �.... ·······-·········-············:·~./;.> .....·· .: ·········· .... · ...... NATURAL ....···· ........···.·.:::::<-·········.' WORLD :"' .:· NEWS RNER OTTERS RETURN by George Ellison BAD NEWS FOR BEARS N11unal World News Service THE DROUGHT N11unal World News Service Was it because of holes in the Earth's ozone layer reponed over the South Pole? Was it the "greenhouse effect" caused by air pollutants? Or was it simply a fluctuation in the normal weather cycles? Whatever the cause, the drought of 1986 was unquestionably the worst ever recorded in the southeast. TV A measurements show that the rainfall for the past year and for the past two-year period were the lowest recorded in the nearly 100 years records have been kept In the upper Tennessee Valley 71.5 inches of rainfall have been measured in the past 26 months out of a normal 112 inches of rain. Throughout the whole valley only 32.3 inches of rain fell during the past year compared to a norm of 51.7 inches. The worst of the drought occurred this spring and summer. In Asheville during the time between January and July 20, only 11.5 inches of rainfall were measured - less than half the norm of 27 .2 inches for that period. Springs have gone dry in the mountains that had provided water for families for as long as anyone could remember. In Jackson County, on the Nonh Carolina side of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, it was reponcd that 1200 springs went dry and that well-drillers were working o\>c:nime. The dry weather has placed particular stress on small farmers. Already threatened by a poor balance of prices on the farm market and unsympathetic federal policies, for many family farms the drought has been the last, dry straw. Particularly in the Piedmont, farms have been closing out in numbers unprecedented since the Grea"' Depression. · fl KA1UAH- page 18 As many as 200-300 black bear cubs in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park are in danger of starving this winter due to a poor acorn crop caused by the severe drought this spring and summer. Black bear cxpen Dr. Mike Pellon of the University of Tennessee and the Tennessee Wildlife Commission repon that acorns and other hard mast, staples of the black bear's diet, arc in shon supply. The mast shortage will cause both adult bears and cubs to roam funher in search of food this fall, tbus making them more vulnerable to bunters. In the mountains, Nonh Carolina's bear hunting season is from October 13 November 22, and December 15 - January 1, making ii the longest bear hunting season in the Southeast. Realizing that an early fall bunting season jeopardizes the female bears, both Virginia and Tennessee have limited their hunting seasons to the last week in December, after most of the females have gone into their dens for the winter. Warburton's 1981-82 study of the Pisgah Bear Sanctuary revealed that of all the bears being monitored there, 60% of them were killed, and 75% of those killed were females. Pisgah Disaict Ranger Art Rowe has indicated that of the 15 bears currently being monitored in a North Carolina State University study, only three are females, and only one is of breeding age. To express your concerns about the survival of the black bear and to request that the bunting season be limited or eliminated. write to: Paul Wilms Dept of Environmental Management NC Dept. of Natural Resources and Community Development Raleigh, NC 27611 For more information, contact Paul Gallimore Bear Action Nerwor:k: Long Branch Environmental Education Center Rt. 2, Box 132 Leicester, NC 28748 Otters were once common throughout North America, but by the late I 800's they had become rare in the streams in western Nonh Carolina and cast Tennessee. By the time of the establishment of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park in 1934, the otters (or "oners" as they were called by the native mountaineers) had nearly been exterminated from the Smokies. A group of three were reponed in CataJoochce in 1927. One was trapped within the park area in 1931, and a pair was reported on different occasions near Elkmont in 1934. Still another was reported near Mount Sterling in 1936. But the last reliable sighting was made in 1934, the year the park was established. In 1he ensuing years, the indigenous otter population in Tennessee apparently was eliminated. In North Carolina, they have remained relatively abundant throughout the Coastal Plain and sporadic in the Piedmont In a program under the coordination of Jane Griess of the University of Tennessee, 16 river otters were obtained from a trapper operating in the New Bern area for reintroduction into the Great Smokies National Park. They were fitted with radio transmitters, and on March 10 were released in five male-female pairs a1 intervals along Abrams Creek below the Cades Cove section of the park. One of the older females died after release and was replaced with another female. In all, there are about 80 square miles of lowland streams in 18 drainages within the Smokies that are considered potential otter territory. Abrams Creek was chosen as the release sire because it represented the most suitable habitat - pools, long stretches of slow-moving moderately deep water, waterfalls, riffies, and rapids. Griess has been monitoring the activities of the otters on a regular basis and will continue 10 do so until July 1987. They apparently are adapting, using old groundhog boles for shelter a.nd feeding off crayfish, frogs, fish, and snapping turtles. If the project on Abrams Creek is successful, similar reintroductions in other suitable areas of the Smokies could follow. -excerpted with permission from a reporl In the Asheville Citizen I Fall 1986 �LOW-GLOW LOW BLOW Narunl World News S~icc "PINSOUTHERN GOVERNORS ASSOCIATION@IT/ON THE DUMP ON THE CHUMP!" 5Pf0Al $ -JUST CUTOUT THE llAZAl1DQ.IS WASTE o:wrAIWERS Bao,..t. Now il's official. The eight states of the Southeastern Low-level Nuclear Waste Compact have met and have chosen to award Nonh Carolina the honor of being host state for all the low-level radioactive wastes (LLRW's) produced by the member states over the next 20 yea.rs. The Nonh Carolina state government will now begin the unsavory business of finding some county to stick with a landfill that would eventually receive 37% of the nation's low-level nuclear waste. Five sites in the Piedmont are among those under consideration. And a popular movement of citizens is gearing up to sec that some county will not have to eat eight states' low-level radioactive trash. The Conservation Council of Nonh Carolina (CCNC) is calling for a state-wide ban on shallow burial of LLRW's and is demanding that the legislature adopt location standards for radioactive waste disposal facilities. While state regulations call for "engineered barriers" to control the wastes, there is no mention of what these barriers would be, and the CCNC is calling for public definition of this term. The group is also asking the state legislature to require Nonh Carolina's main nuclear waste producers, Duke Power and Carolina Power and Light (CP&L), to take responsibility for their own radioactive wastes. These two private companies, that m1xs~P1~. IU~ATLEfT. 1'l>JU5T 8l.llJl>f()U)I A11t> GO~ /T!.. .. are turning huge profits, produce 97% of North Carolina's LLR W's by curies (radioactive content) and 87% of the state's waste output by volume. State disposal of their radioactive wastes amounts to an enormous government subsidy to encourage the production of nuclear energy and to discourage energy conservation and waste control. The Jackson County group Citizens for a Choice on Nuclear Waste has already begun to circulate petitions calling on the NC Legislature to 'either pull out immediately from the Southeastern Compact or to submit the decision to a binding referendum by the state's elect0rate. "The compact is a poor concept," said Avram Friedman of CCNW, "because it encourages irresponsible production of nuclear wastes. We would like to do away with the compact idea altogether, so that each state will have to become more aware of the effects of nuclear waste generation.'' Contact: Conservation Council of NC 1024 Washington SL Raleigh, NC 27605 for petitions: Citizens for a Choice on Nuclear Waste P.O. Box 653 Dillsboro, NC 28725 ··- BUNCOMBE COMMISSIONERS CONSIDER COMPOST N11ural World News Service ln the past winter the Buncombe County Commissioners were considering mass-burn incineration as the method to handle the county's solid waste (see KatGah #12). They had contracted a $10,000 study to investigate the feasibility of co-incineration of sludge and solid waste. To people concerned about Asheville's air quality and the economics of waste recycling things were looking grim. However, through the effons of Paul Gallimore of the Long Branch Environmental Education Center, the commissioners were introduced to Elliot Epstein, a former researcher for the US Department of Agriculture research station in BeltsVillc, MD. On April 17 Epstein gave a presentation to the commissioners on the "static-pile" composting system he developed and "refuse-derived fuel" (RDF) systems. Both these systems are methods of turning waste into useful and beneficial products. In the static-pile composting method treated sewage sludge and solid wastes are heaped into piles around a framework of KATUAII - page 19 pipes through which air is blown into the pile. This sets up conditions for microbial action that quickly convens the wastes into a soil conditioner rich in organic matter. Refuse-derived fuel systems process waste paper and cardboard into briquetS, pellets, or "fluff' to be burned in boilers to produce steam and/or electricity by co-generation. These materials could be sold to industrial customers, or, according to local engineer Erik Nielson, it would be profitable to build a boiler and sell the trash-produced electricity into the grid. The commissioners were impressed enough with Epstein's vision and expertise t0 offer him $15,000 to study the possibility of developing composting and RDF systems in Buncombe County. Epstein announced the results of his study to a meeting of the commissioners on August 12. They expressed their approval of his findings by extending his contract by $38,000 to do preliminary market research for selling municipal compost and RDF materials and to design a composting plant that would meet the county's needs. The future for waste recycling in Asheville looks brighter indeed. The city could now possibly be the home for the first composting and RDF plant in the southeast.Yet citizen input is still needed on this issue. It is imponant that people encourage the county commissioners in their decision, for, if they proceed on this path, they will be breaking the trail for other urban centers in the southeast. They need to know they are acting with the support of their constituents. It is also imponant that the NC Dept. of Natural Resources and Community Development bold public hearings on the disposal of sewage sludge by the Metropolitan Sewer District Authority, an autonomous agency in Buncombe County regulated by the state and the EPA. This may be requested by writing t0: Nonh Carolina Dept. of Natural Resources and Community Development Division of Waste Management / 512 N. Salisbury St. Raleigh, NC 27611 Fall 1986 �NATURAL WORLD NEWS USFS 15 YEAR PLAN Nallll'lll World News Service The US Forest Service has developed a revised 15-year management plan for the Nantahala-Pisgah National Forests area. The flood of commentS received when the first draft of the 15-year plan was released influenced the shape of the new plan. "We're in a tough spot," said Larry Hayden, ranger at the Wayab District station who participated in the revision of the 15-year plan."We got a lot of feedback from many different interest groups, and somewhere in there is one tiny point where we can balance all these different demands. We are looking for that one tiny point." The demands of local residents were reflected in a reduced area of timber production, a greater emphasis on non-motorized recreation, better bear habitat, modified logging methods, and new management criteria 10 better protect running creeks. The greatest change was in the area available for timber cutting. Where previously 800,000 acres had been open to logging, the modified plan proposes only 550,000 acres of timber production. This means that 250,000 acres of forest would be taken out of timber production altogether, at least for the duration of the plan. However, timber quotas were not low~red, !Deaning that the areas open to logging wtll be cut more heavily in the next 15 years. The acreage to be cut is set at 7,360 acres, which is acmally an increase over the amount proposed in the original draft. Of this area, 2,500 acres are to be cut by the shelterwood method, whereby 60% of the timber is removed in a first cut, and the remainder is taken out in a second cutting either 10 or 60 years later depending on the management plan for th; particular site. In some areas this is being done to help regenerate the oonhern red oak, a valuable timber tree which has been losing ground in the national forests. In other areas shelterwood cutting would be done strictly to alleviate the ugliness of a large clearcut in an area visible to the public. Only 360 acres of the two national forests are to be cut by the group selection method, in which small groups of trees of both good timber and cull grade wood are removed to favor the growth of the next generation of trees. In the public outcry against clearcutting, most of those who proposed an alternarive had group selection in mind. Allotting only 360 acres could be seen either as political tokenism or as an experiment that might lead to changes in forest management in the future. KATUAH - page 20 Another change for the better was a substantial reduction in proposed road construction. Instead of planning to build 156 miles of road per year from a $5.1 million transportation budget, the USPS now plans to build 40 miles of road per year and spend only $1.2 million on transportation needs. However, the reconstruction of existing roads is to be doubled from the original proposal of 28 miles per year to 55 miles per year. That again reflects the decision that areas already in use will be worked harder, but that less territory will be open to human incursion. The establishment of new directives for a riparian (running creek) management zone was one of the major advances of the new plan. These directives clearly state that trout habitat is to be maintained in the national forests. Specifically, there is to be no logging for 30 feet on either side of a year-round creek, and between 30 and 100 feet l~gging is to be done only by the group selection method to lessen the impact on creek life. This will remove a substantial amount of land from timber production and will do much to ensure that streams are running clear as they leave the national forests. Five areas in the forest, a total of 26,920 acres, are under study as wilderness areas by an act of Congress. The legislature will decide whether or not these areas are to receive a wilderness designation, but in the new plan the Forest Service will recommend that the Lost Cove, Harpers Creek, and the Craggy Mountains areas be set aside as wilderness. Also written into the new plan was a promise that the Overflow and Sno~bird ai:eas will remain virtually u~d1sturbed 1f they are not designated wilderness and left in Forest Service control. Under the modified plan, 75% of the Nantahala-Pisgab National Forests area will be reserved for "dispersed recreation" (not open to vehicles). This is a higher percentage than in the original proposal, but the figure is misleading, because it includes areas that would be clearcut and then closed to traffic. It's not much fun trying to walk across a new clearcut!! However, this does ensure that the bears, turkeys, and other wil~life will have a larger part of the nauonal forest for their habitat free of human disturbance, a very important consideration. There is no review period planned for the revised draft of the ForestS Services 15-year plan for the Nantahala-Pisgab forest. "We've already heard what everyone has had to say, and this modified plan is our best attempt to respond to that, "said Larry Hayden. The completed final draft of the plan and an environmental assessment is scheduled to go to Regional Forester John Alcock September 15 for approval.The public will have 45 days to file appeals once the plan has become official, probably in November. . Despite the USPS plan to pass over a review by the people, it is irnponant for us to make our thoughts and feelings known. A summary of the modified plan and a description of the new management catagories is available from: US Forest Service P.0.Box 2750 Asheville, NC 28802 USFS OPEN HOUSE Natural World News Service The US Forest Service held "open house" presentations on the modified 15-year plan for the Nantahala-Pisgah ~ari?nal Forests on August 7 at the eight distnct ranger stations. The sessions were billed as "informative". Announcements said that rangers would be happy to discuss the P,lao ~d "any concerns you might have , but tt was made clear that the review period was over and the next chance the public will have for input on the shape of the next 15 years in the national forests will be during the formal appeal period after the decree bas already become official. Nevertheless, delegations from the Western North Carolina Alliance went to all eight of the USFS district offices to make themselves heard. At the Wayah District station in Franklin, NC, Clarence Hall of Sylva raised the central area of concern to the WNCA:"Why are there only 360 acres alloted to group selection cutting? That's only a drop in the bucket!" Rangers responded by saying that group selection cutting was economically viable on only the best sites, and that the practice of clearcutting would be modified w~~~ver they c:onsidered it feasible by util1zmg the pracnce of shelterwood cutting. Where a second cutting would be uneconomical at some of the sbellerwood sites, the Forest Service plans to kill cull trees by injecting herbicides to achieve an even-aged stand of young trees. This plan met resistance from the Alliance members who favor all-aged management as being a more natural method of silviculture. The res.idents also objecied to the long-lasting poisons that would be introduced into the forest system and to the fact that the dead trees would be left unused. Rangers also avoided a question about mining and mineral rights under the new plan. "It's always been the law that if mineral rights are privately owned, the Forest Service has to provide access to the mining site. That won't change," said a ranger. "But mining is not a pressing issue anymore " The WNCA members remained skeptical. The residents also criticized the Forest Service for cutting back on road construction and closing parts of the national forest to recreational traffic. The Alliance is in favor of more open roads in the national forests, a sentiment not shared by other environmental groups. "Thirty-five years ago," Clarence said, "I was out hunting squirrels, and I came across some men up on Greens Creek killing trees with those injection hatchets. I begged and I pleaded with them not to do that, but they said that's what had to be done to manage the forest. "Recently at a meeting I talked about that day, and Lewis Kearney, the district ranger, said at that time that killing those trees had been a bad mistake. "I'm afraid that years from now, when ~ of us are g~ne, people may say the same thing about this clearcutting. We don't want to let that happen." The Western North Carolina Alliance can be reached by mail at: P.0.Box 117, Murphy, NC 28906. Fall 1986 �Review THE WIT A~D WISDOM OF RA NGER DOUG Woodslore and Wj!dwooc!s Wjsdom by Doug Elliott (Burnsville, NC 28714; Rt 4, Box 137; Possum Productions: 1986) $7.95 This book is a savory stew of the knowledge Doug Elliott has accumulated during a dec ade of woods-stomping, jungle-jumping, and tidepoo!-splashing throughout eastern Tunic Island and Central America. Woodslore and Wjldwoods Wisdom is actually a compendium of Doug Elliott's greatest hits, as much of the material has been published before. But although you may have seen the classic "How to Use Road Kills" in the ~ Eanh Catalog of years past, and unless you are a regular reader of Wildlife jn North Carolina magazine, much or all of the material in this Ranger Doug reader will be new and fascinating. lt's best, of course, 10 meet and to know Doug and to walk in the woods with him, getting the benefit of his knowledge or the wild, his hilarious stories, his infectious laugh, and the twinkle in his eye. But as an introduction to Doug and whm he knows, Wooc!slore and Wildwoo<ls W jsdom will do j ust fine. He covers a variety of topics from his beloved possums through old-timey apples and the infamous ramp plant of the Katiiah hills. He tells us how to make a rope and a basket from natural materials found in the wild, and talks about herbs, orchids, bears, ginseng, and millipedes. One feature is an introduction to the wondrous underground world beneath the forest excerpted from Doug's book R22!1. And there's more ..... There is little rhyme or reason 10 this book. Its topics are as varied and as far-flung as Doug Elliott's wandering mind. But Doug has a unique and deep perspective on the world, and seeing it through his eyes is always educational and fun. His new book is a wonderful collection of some of the high points of Doug E!liou's literary career, fu!J of woods-sense, common sense, and humor. But ya still got to meet the boy..... \Vood~/ore and Wildwaods Wisdom is avai /able for $7.95 plus $1.00 postage for each copy o rdered f rom Possum Productions; Rr. 4 , Box 137; Burnsville, NC 28714 Also still available is Doug's book B.Juu.s..:.. An Un<lererollnd Botany and Foraeer's Gllkk., an excellent guide co identifying and using the different roots of Katuah's field and woodland plants, illustrated with beauriful drawings. $8.00 plus $1 .00 postage for each copy ordered from Possum Productions. ..-. An Interview with Elizabeth Callari continued from p. S And then there is that period of rest right before you go into labor...and it's very quiet In dying, there's also that period of res t before the work really begins. Twenty-four hours before death. I notice a shift in the person It's usually a hiatus and then, I know, aha, okay now we're really starting. I usually share it with the staff Watch this because this is what's really happening. Notice thar. The last guest who was here - her name was Geneva - that morning that she died, I went in... it was about 5:00 in the morning. I ran my fingers over her arm - which I do a lot - and it felt very strange. I had never felt anything like this before. I thought to myself that her body is just getting rid of the last of the toxins in order for it to be healed. Death is the ultimate healer, you know. And so, I had everybody with the staff touch her ...and feel rhat something was different, very differenr. She died around 3:00 that afternoon. When I go into the room and I feel as though death is coming close, we sran what is called a vigil. The staff comes together those who can, you know - sometimes we are there 24 hours, so we take turns. We pu!J up chairs and sit around the bed, light candles. and then do some meditative reading. Sometimes we read aloud. Sometimes we read quietly. It doesn't matter, they still get the message. If people like to have the Bible read, we read the Bible. You know, whatever their reality is. It all disappears anyway, but whatever they can relate to during that time is fine. So they move into this space in a very gentle way and they're surrounded by people who love them, who are not going to stop the process. You know it's very difficult to die when there is someone standing there saying, "no.no.no, r can't live without you." Nobody leaves until it's time so don't interfere, just don't interfere. If you 're having a tough rime, it's better that you go KATUAH-page21 into the other room just so you don 't interfere with your thoughts. Just your thoughts are going to stop what's happening. The vigil, I think, is very beauuful and that time is so exciting. I know what is happening and I know that incredible beauty, that 'ahhh', that 'what it's all about' is taking place. Careful of your attachments as you go into your dyi ng process because whatever attachment you have, that's what you're going to be drawn 10 afterwards. So release all your attachments while you're living, be totally involved, but not attached to anything, not even to your concept of God because your concept of God is going to change as you go through this process. ~' And if you're attached to your concept of God, the way it is right now, you're going to put up resistance and resistance causes pain - this is a kind of pain that no medication takes care of. In the first two years, I was pretty much doing this work by myself. Now in February of this year, the volunteers really Started coming and I believe that it worked that way because of all the issues I had to work out Until they got worked out, the volunteers weren't going to come. Some of them came because they are so afraid of death ...and I have to admire them because most people step around the issue and don't walk in. These people come because they are afraid of death are walking right into it and they're growing. We all are. The guests who are here are our teachers. It's not someone out there who has a book in front of them who is our teacher. These are our teachers. That's their gift to us. We give them the gift of love and caring for them and they give us the gift of life. The food we prepare here is prepared very consciously and I ask that no one prepare it if they're angry because that goes right into the food. If there is a day when you're upset about something, it's best you don't be in the kitchen. And when I was by myself and I was upset for some reason, I didn't cook either. It's bener 10 open a can of soup or wh atever and hope that the person who processed that soup was happy that day. This is another reason that the people get well for whatever period of time. Food is lovingly prepared and it comes from our gardens, when they want to eat that kind of food. Now, also, people can eat whatever they want to eat here but we offer them a good, cleansing type diet. Usually, they come to us with so many chemicals in their bodies...it's like shovelling through a whole pile of stuff to get to the essence of who they are. Very often, people who come here go off of much of the medication they bring with them. They just don't need it. You don 't need anti-depressants when you're here. We encourage people who come here 10 take responsibility for their life and their death. And in taking responsibility for your death, you make the final decisions. You don't want somebody else to do that So we sit down when it's appropriate. Intuitively, I know when it's appropriate - when the time is right There is that linle clue that they give and so I pick up on it. 'What would you like? Who would you like to have speak?'. Details. We work on the details. You know, when you are sitting with someone who is dying, you don't need an education in anything except to be able to love...and not judge what's happening. It's their game...it's their play. Let lhm..do it. But be there for them when they need you. And if it means crawling into bed and holding them and rocking them while they're going through this, then that's what you do. If it means leaving them totally alone, then ~ what you do. Fall 1986 �DRUMMING LETTERS TO KA TUAH Dear KatCiah, Here are some thoughts that arise when thinking about the "Death and Dying" issue you mention in your note. Death is a familiar aspect of our lives. At rimes death is perceived as being especially "close" when a person or being close to us dies. It is suggested that famiUariry and our perceptions are not the same as an understanding of death. We have rituals, stories, poems, and pictures to deal with death, and still the mystery remains. These comments, influenced by Krishnamurti and others, are offered with a view of death as a necessary and integral part of life. In this view, any aucmpt to separate death from life introduces violence, a violence that may contribute to the fears and lack of understanding that are commonly associated with death. Furthermore, it is suggested that environmental, personal, social and political conditions are subject to the same basic considerations. That is, because of a lack of a realistic view of the world and experience, we tend to deal with familiar patterns as separace aspeccs of reality and experience a kaleidoscopic world based on discrimination through separation. When separation is recognized as being violent, it is no1 surprising that violence is rampant in the world that we help to create. Divide and conqucr--a military maxim also applied with dramatic results in the laboratory. What is conquered with division? Wholeness seems to be "conquered". However, all wars, every experiment, are conducted in a context that remains whole. Division represents a local perturbation in the fabric of reality, but the over·all context prevails. Only those near the division experience the stress of separating forces. The violence associated with separation is a localized phenomenon. The impact of such violence can be moderated by recognizing the more general reality in which the localized separation occurs. One might suggest that the violence associated with nuclear war is not localized, that it includes the entire earth. True, however, the earth is an extremely small part of the universe and can be viewed as a highly localized phenomenon in the general scheme of things. We are somewhat familiar with the earth and have a growing understanding of the connectedness of the many systems on the eanb. Native Americans and ecologists recognize this connectedness and the violence that appears when we attempt to separate the many aspects of local reality on Eanh. So it is with life and death. To consider death "separately" does violence to the unity of life and death. We not only breathe "out", we also breathe "in". To understand inspiration fully, we must include expiration. You may recognize the Taoist perspective in these comments. Yang alone or Yin alone are out of balance. When Yang and Yin are in balance, the Tao is realized and Yang and Yin are no longer discemablc. The violence of separation is expressed in classifications which emphasize Yangness and Yinness without recognizing the Tao as transcending these aspects of division. As we consider death, or the familiar stories and rituals that humans have developed around biological death, it may be well to recognize the nature of the violence possible in KATUAH · page 22 such considerations. As death and life arc blended, the possibility of transcending the localized violence presents itself. Poems, stories, rituals, and pictures can be useful pointers to that which is beyond and in our limited assumptions. HO. Best to you, John Artley Karuah folks, I am impressed and appreciative of the work you are doing. Your journal is a backbone of strength and unity for the bioregion and myself. I enjoy reading a journal in which I am so consistently, practically, philosophically, and spiritually aligned. I was concerned however, that J. Lynn Mackey's review, "Deep Ecology or Shallow Moralism?", in the Wintcr-86 issue might inadvertently have presented a distorted picture of Deep Ecology as a movement Deep Ecology, particularly in the western states, has become a key concept in both the bioregional and radical environmental movements. Deep Ecology, inclusive of concepts of a deeper and deeper questioning of dominant paradigm values, a lifestyle simple in means and rich in ends, reverence for earth communities, and the interrelationship and intrinsic value of all life (animals, plantS, rocks, rivers) on all levels, is entirely conducive to the resacralization and reinhabitation of bioregions. Deep Ecology has been the name for a continuously developing body of environmental thought coalescing in front line direct action by bioregionally centered individuals and groups like Earth First!. It has also functioned as a difficult "middle groundn, a transf~nn~ve area of ideas, for lhose reaching for a deeper connecaon wuh the Earth but soil grappling with the misconceptions of the dominant culture itself. Unfortunately a bioregionaJly specific, close-to-earth lifestyle by itself does not necessarily inspire a harmonious relationshipwith nature. Our western pioneer movement is a case in point. Neither does it necessarily, once tainted with western paradigms, have respect for culturally rich, simple, bioregional lifestyles. Ask the spirit of the Native American. Anyone involved with bioregionally protective activism and developing a spiritually richer community recognizes the difficulty and necessity of the "middle ground" where the peaceful warrior and earth-centered culture meet the forceful domination of mass culture with goal of peaceful rransformation. Deep ecology assists with this space while lending iLSelf to the open ended development of a rich, bioregionally specific culture. Individuals and groups developing practical lifestyles, ritual, thought-outreach, and eco-activism in alignment with the spiritual center of a natural place, are practicing both bioregionalism and deep ecology. . J. Lynn Mackey is right; bioregionally specific, diversified culture is where it's aL We could use a bioregional analysis. and I hope he or someone else takes up that proJecl. Perhaps 11 will assist in changing the world. But until that time, emergent bioregional culture needs to support itS closest allies, and be supported by them, each contributing to the other. Deep ecology is an ally, on all levels, for those who face the full responsibiUty and reality of a localized earth-centered lifestyle in a homocentric, domination oriented society. We draw our allies from vision quests in sacred places, from the land, our friends, and the constant flux of our creative connection with a natural place. We can draw upon and consider Deep Ecology a valuable ally in the work of our Ii ves. Peace and Love, John Morris Chatham, GA Fall 1986 �Dear Katliah, Belief in reincarnation was nearly universal among our pre-Christian European ancestors and was accepted by many native Americans as well. Native Australians, Inuit, native Hawaiians, and many Africans are among the people who believe we live more than once. Perhaps we can call !ouch a belief pan of our native intelligence. According to a 1981 Gallup poll, twenry-three percent of the adult population of North America believe in reincarnation. This is panicularly impressive when one thinks about the lengths to which the church went to stamp out this and other heresies (a word which originally meant "free choice"). Perhaps as many as 9 million people were burned, hanged and tortured cruelly and publicly for witchcraft in Europe over a period of 3 ccnruries. Why did this happen? Perhaps it was a form of initiation for souls who wished to learn Jesus' message of forgiveness first-hand. The experience of the burning time has left psychic scars on many people. Such experiences, like ourselves, do not die but arc transformed. So it is by the light of millions of burning women and men that we are now able to see our way clear of the stinking mess of a situation that our rejection of death has caused. Children fight sleep, grown-ups fight death, adult humans light fear and ignorance. Take Hean, WiU Bason Floyd, VA OPENLETIER TO MEN, HUNrERS Oh, it's alright to send the slug at high speed into the life of a dark bear (faster than the red stain expanded until globs of brain splattered against the trees, wasn't it?) i would never say you had no right to hunting, to kill is something we need to know ("we could always live off game and wild greens") to keep our place strong and free in this land and our boys need to know when they are men and we need to know do we measure up to the measure of this land? Do we measure up to the measure of this land? Does it make the mountains proud? to see one sitting in a new truck 360 horse, 4 x 4 to burn up the back country drinking whiskey (even if it ii illegal) Do the trees? listen with quiet approval to the radio "CCKKKKK!! It's coming to you, Luther" What kind of a man? eases his swollen gut from behind the wheel picks up his rifle that can keep a bear a quarter-mile away and crashes through the woods to a sure shot at a female ("scrawny - the acorns were bad this year and last") the pack of dogs already had treed the bear and itS ways fast from food three days before the hunt plunge seven times into mountain waters clear and cold not touch a woman for a week? How do you go about your business taking a life or is it all as casual? as red globs of brain splattering against the trees The question remains ~ the fro~t of my brain, small and hot 'Why..... in savage rage i ask, roaring, bellowing lips curling away from razor fangs "WHY THE HELL do you~ Jill.CH SQ MOCH taking a measwe we must read what we find when that same bear her entrails still dragging the way you left her returns for you and finds you cringing in a hospital bed barricaded behind wires and machines swallowing magic pills superstitious charms against a death so important simply because it's yours that you think the world is finished why'?" No one, not i, would stand in front of your gun and say "You have no right!" but when did you ever? give time to study, learn, and love the hills, the forest, drunken and blind, only we could go into the forest back among the hills and still not learn the truth about bears. KALANU, TIIB POET KA TUAH - page 23 Fall 1986 �GOOD NIGHT FAOM SHADOWS FALL • continued from p. 13 Sera Jean smiled in return and rose from the table. Her father towered above her, his tanned cheekbones healthy above his beard, which was sunbright like his wisping hair. His green eyes shone wannly down, a large hand came to rest at her waist. "So, how's the old man?" Sera Jean looked up to see his eyes upon her, ttying to see in her more than she could show. "Hc's ..... he's no worse." She turned back to her cooking, taking a cast iron skillet, splashing in some safflower oil. Her father spoke again. "You'd think that old man was enjoying himself up there. "Guess I'll say hello to my big girl. Where's she at?" "Oh," Sera Jean replied anxiously, remembering the message she really didn't want to pass along. "Fe went to a sweat for Elise. She won't be back 'ti! late." The man seemed to sink in on himself. The light in his face wavered, his step became a Limp. He took a deep breath. "Sweet lady Fe. She does love her women." He sighed with resignation, ranging awa.Y toward the far end of the kitchen, to the cedar bathtub which Gran'pa had set into ,the floor before the big glass window that looked up the cove to the ridge top. "Did she leave any hot water? Think I got time for a bath? These old bones could use some warmth." "Sure," Sera Jean replied, moving the skillet to the fire. She looked after the man as he steeped in his disappointment. Slowly, absently he saipped away his shirt while he sat upon the squat, three-legged stool and stared out at the trees where the line of moonglow could be seen descending into the cove as a quarter moon rose over the eastern ridge. She came up behind him. "Dad, let me massage your shoulder." The man's head jerked around in surprise at her offer. "Why, Sera Jean, I believe your heart has gotten bigger." He leaned forward and started the water in the tub, then rose back into Sera Jean's waiting hands.She had stopped massaging Gran'pa's cold body, afraid he would die from her touch. Now she leaned her weight into her father's hard frame, digging her fingers into his shoulder blade as she had seen her mother do. "Duane, why does Fe go out so much, but you hardly go anywhere?" The man seemed to wait, holding himself rcoeptivc to her fingers, and then let his breath out as he answered, "Hmmmmmmmm..... we all make our choices, Sera. Then we are obligated to live up to the responsibilities that go with those choices. You might say I'm feeling lazy these days." "You? Lazy?" Sera Jean queried. "I don't thlnk I could ever say that." "Hmph," Duane replied, amused. "Yeah, I'm k:i nd'a stuck on my ass these days. But the freedom I choose by staying home doesn't require whole bunches of responsibilities. I just stay here and work. KA1UAH • page 24 It's easy. But your mama, she's got to get out there and talce it to the limit, just to see if she can handle it, which is good. We need her to handle it. As long as she brings it back to us, I can't complain." "But you don't want to go anywhere, to do things?" "Sera-girl, when I met your mother, I was running on a ridge, just as fast as I could, doing anything, doing everything doing il twice if it didn't kHI me the firs t time. I thought I had to run faster, get higher, fill myself right up, because that's what I thought life was all about. But if you never share any of that, it piles up, gets heavy. And then I became afraid I would always need more just to be never quite satisfied. "I really didn't believe your mother had the speed to keep up with me. But she brought me here, turned me loose inside this cove, let me run circles around her, and no matter how fast I went, she could always catch me whenever she wanted me. Just head me off at the pass. I've always been amazed, y'know, how easy it is to run so fast and free and good and not hun a soul in doing what I pleased. So, I've got it all, Sera. Right here and now. If I went anywhere else, even with good friends, I'd feel poor and alone." "Even when mom's gone?" Her fingers could feel the man struggling not to lie. There was silence. He looked away, drawing upon the shadowy cove where the line of moonglow had descended closer, getting the feeling right. "Yeah," he said, "even without my sweet lady Fe." He moved, quick as a gentle breeze, his great arms coming around her, Lifting her to place her on his knee. "You can't hang on to things, Sera. Letting go can be hard, but things must pass. You can't stop them." "I-I guess I know that, Dad. But I'm not strong like you. I'll always miss Gran'pa." "I'm sure that would make Gran'pa very sad - to know that you will always be missing him for the rest of your Life. Trying to hang on to what no longer is, you'll miss what Gran'pa has for you now.' "But he'll soon be gone, and I'll ..... " "Gone? Where's be gonna go? To get free of that worthless bag of bones must have him grinning ear to ear. Did you ever thlnk, babe, that if it weren't for you still putting energy into Gran'pa, he might have been set free a couple of weeks ago?" Sera Jean looked out the tall windows and saw the line of moon glow ever closer. "Y'see, Sera, the secret is to spend every day gently impressed. If today comes at you all thunder and lightning, then brace yourself and take it on gently. Don't let it get in the way of tomorrow. You never know where it's coming from. but it's always coming. Take ii on gently. and give it b:ick gently. You'll be alright "Why don't you pack up your sorrow and set it on the rick? You don't have to run on the ridge anymore, ttying 1 gc1 higher 10 0 see 1he last of a setting sun. ll'll still come up behind you in the morni ng. But, if you look right now, ru bet you can find Gran'p:i down here waiting for you like he never left." Sera Jean's downcast eyes caught sight of moonlight creeping over the window sill. She looked up to see that it had set all the cove to eerie whiteness and black shadows, surprising her with a beaury she knew so well, a gentle touch, impressing upon her like Life holding her close. She felt the rough, work-hard hand through the cloth upon her back, and felt ic a comfon. She looked into the kind eyes, old and comfonable too, crinkling around the edges, caring. It was only fair that she should smile in return for the gentle goodness that had replaced the gentle sorrow that had weighted her for so long. "Duane," she spoke in a half-whisper, "Get me up in the morning. I think I'll go to school.'' "You got it, Ace," Duane confirmed. "You and me for breakfast." "What about Fe?" "Well," he breathed, "I suspect Mama will want to sleep in tomorrow. So, we'll just have to do the best we can with what we got." "Maybe we should ask her to come home," Sera Jean suggested. "No," he shook his wisping, hairy bead. "If we did that we wouldn't be living up to our responsibilities. I think we should let her go more often. She just might fall off the ridge someday, and if we haven't let go of her yet, we might find ourselves being tom painfully hard. "Hey, look, big girl. This water's a'waitin' on me, and I think I'll be gettin' to it." Sera Jean rose and stepped away silently, turning her back on the big man as he stood and became a rustling of clothing. She looked back from the summer stove where she poked the embers tighter together and a tiny flame leaped anew. She saw him standing straight in the blue-white moonglow, his hard body sharply defined by shadow. He reached up behind his head to pull the tie from his hai r and a moon-bright radiance dropped about his shoulders. He stepped into the bath, and the gentle sound of lapping water came to her as he sat and was silent. Sera Jean Samuels could see rum, in his silent sadness, staring out into the land of her grandfathers, calling upon them to give him strength, letting the moonlight give him beauty, beauty to liken the womaness he needed. She thought she saw a tear sparkle in the moonglow, heard it drop into the water and be gone. But then again, it seemed only right that it be the part of the man to let go the woman. lUustralions by Rob Messick Fall 1986 �HOW TO H ELP CHILDREN HANDLE DEATH - conunocd from page 10 This can terrify children about bedtime. never coming back). And the third is hope (We're going 10 be okay even without 3. Mommy's gone on a long trip. "Daddy is going out of town on a business trip--is Daddy). Help the child work through these he never coming back? Will I be left all processes, and s/be ""ill be the healthier for it, and stronger when faced with loss the alone? Why didn ' t Mommy tell me next time. good- bye? Didn't she love me? Was I naughty?" Children may think all of these and also wonder, "If Mommy only went Recognize anger, guilt, and away, why is everyone crying?" physical distress for what they are. 4. God took her becau~e she was good. These are all normal reactions 10 loss. A "Then I don·t want to be good. so I won't child may say s/be hates Uncle Bob for have to die. Are old people bad?" This can dying and leaving the family. Or S/be might develop into a fear and hatred of God. say the doctor murdered a brother. Or why didn't Susie's mother die instead of Deceiving children is the worst course, Mommy? because eventually they'll learn the truth. Guilt often results when children don'1 And deception will not help them to face the understand the difference between fan1asy inevitable fact of death. and reality. They can think they caused a person's death because they once said, "I Help children to expr ess their wish you were dead." h 's important to grief. Encourage the child 10 let out his or explain this can't happen and that the child her feelings. It's okay 10 cry--you feel like had nothing to do with the dea1h. crying, 100. h 's okay to feel sad or Many children feel physical distress depressed. It's okay 10 not know how to when faced with 1be shock of loss. act. But emphasize that although the loved Dizziness. nausea, insomnia, shonness of one will never return, s/be lives on in the breath, lack of appeti1e, and inability to happy memories you all share. concentrate are but a few of the symptoms a The grieving child experiences three child may experience. Reassure him or her phases. The first is denial (Daddy didn't that the feeling is natural and will disappear die). The next is pain and despair (Daddy's in time. MAKING BURIAL BOXES - continued from p. 9 Nail the side pieces to the bo11om, using 7/8" nails. The strips should be inside and at the top. Nail the ends, with the good sides out, firmly to the bottom and 10 the side strips. using 8-penny nails, and the job is done. The handles may be stored inside the box and screwed on when the box is used. Likewise, the top may be tacked lightly in place until the box is needed, and then nailed firmly down with 7/8" nails when the box is used. The box, when loaded, should be moved with care to avoid pulling the ends away from the box. After the cover has been nailed down, however, the box is quite strong and can be handled freely. By using screws in the ends instead of nails, the box can be made quite strong without the lid. THE WAKe: - continued from p. 11 graveyard. When my brother died, though, they faid him over on Barker's Creek (on 1he other side of the ridge - ed.). I don't know why they put him so far away. If I had the money, I'd have him reburied over here. But it seems like when someone dies, it all comes so sudden-like and all. that you don't have time to think about all that. I don't know why. but it feels better 10 have them buried close 10 you ....." OLD CUSTOMS SURVIVE Being a tribal people, the Cherokee Indians probably had a custom similar to the wake in ancient times. In any case, when the Baptist missionaries penetrated the reservation of the Eastern Band. the Indians readily adopted the practice of "senin~up". Baptist style, they held the wake in the church, and for the Indians ii was a solemn occasion. The Cherokees are a conservative people, and the custom of "seuin'-up" is srill maintained on the reservation today. KATUAH - page 25 Allow children to attend the funeral. Never force children 10 go, but do encourage it. They are pan of the family and, like other family members. should panicipa1e in this significant event. Be sure 10 explain the details of the service before you go. But remember children need 10 share their sadness and be with others, just as adults do. This will help them 10 accept the reality of death. These guidelines should help to make dealing with death a little easier. Keep in mind that the grieving process (for children and adults alike) takes time. But if, in a maner of time, the intensity of grieving does not abate, or if you have any doubts, don't hesitate to seek professional help for the child. In the midst of their own grief, few people are able to give children undergoing severe grief reactions the suppon they need. Day by day it will get easier. When children understand the meaning of death and are honestly dealt with, they can more readily cope with loss and move forward to maintain a positive attitude towards life and living. And they realize human life is one of our most precious possessions, and will go on 10 live life 10 its fullest. ...:.-<::: When the box is used, two handles should be screwed to each end for ease in going through doors. They may be removed with a screwdriver and brought home from the crematory or cemetary for furure use. When a body is taken to a medical school in one of these boxes, it is customary 10 remove the body from the box and take the box home. To save storage space, these boxes are so designed so that the medium size can nest inside the large size. and the child size inside the small size. Assembly Diaaram Tom Underwood, a white man who grew up on the reservation, describes the tradition: "Once the life was gone from a body, it was never left until it was buried. Now, in modem days, the body is taken 10 a funeral home to be processed, but then it's brought back, and as long as it is in the care of the family and kin, it's never left alone. The wake is usually held in a church, and here on the reservation it's customary for people 10 have food to eat, coffee, and soft drinks. They sing the deceased's favorite songs..... Here, it's not a party, it's an observance." The isolation of the mountains played a large pan in keeping traditional customs alive after they had disappeared from the sophisticated urban areas. But as the roads came in, undenakers began to move out into the rural countryside. Tom Underwood said: "What prompted people to change over was just a feeling that the undenaker could do a beuer job of taking care of the body. Another reason was that in the hot summenime it didn't take long for a body 10 begin to go! "Having it processed meant that kin' who lived farther away would have ome to get there before the funeral. Then, too, people began 10 have more ready cash to pay the undenaker. At first, though, be was paid with chickens, hams, produce, or with work, if there was something he needed done. That's what people had 10 offer." Now, in most places, the undenaker, a man, stands guard over the gates of death, keeping the burial elaborate, efficient, fonnal, and solemn - watching again~t any threats co the "designs of culture". But in small churches high in the coves of Appalachia people still stay through the night: talking, praying, crying, eating, and singing the mournful old songs together. / �704-58&-8729 FRIEDMAN & 8 p -~~·. Q,.J 'I l : r" · < "'i DESIGN, INC. ENERGY SYSTEMS THAT PAY FOR THEMSELVPi AVRAM FlltEOMAH OESl()NER.TECHNtCIAN P O 80XM7 DILLSBORO. N C 28725 CIHlllNIE§I& ACIUDP1UNC1I'IUl!UE NATIJRAL FOOD STORE &DELI ~ llil!H:lil!OILOGY CILOOC MALAPROP'S BOOKSTORE/CAFE 160 Broadway Open 7 Days A Week Monday • Friday (704) 253-7656 9:00 a.m. • 8:00 p.m. 9:00 a.m. • 6:30 p.m. 6 1 RA YWOOD ST., ASHEVD..LE. NC 28801 Where Broadway Meets Merrimon (704) 2S4-6734 107 Menimon Avenue Asheville. N.C. ( 704) 258·90 J 6 Asheville, NC 28801 And l-240 1:00 p.m. • 5:00 p.m. BOOKS • CARDS • Saturday RECORDS Tftl powerful Get.DEN EAGLE " " ' abo•t tllt eiue R•dre in 11111 full color duop. hand·screentd on T· SHIRTS Of 100'!'. PRESHRUNK COT· TON These hl1h quality 1arments Sunday 1\!aga . } :~·~~.=~~~&\i6 Mountain lumber Cd. Soru Adults S.Xl. Sholl$1-tT.Mvl·S1000ppd. r--- · ---------- DILLSBOl\.Oh NC Lont Slt,.t T Ad<olt·S 14.00 ppd. 588-9011 : MallOrdefTt llodttll-r Nahnls 1033'" 8alumRd.. Waynomlll, NC28l8617041456·3003 Check O MUWC•nlH01- - - - - - - --t MoneyO!ftr J VISA Eap. D•t"'- - - - - - - -- t "'"''- -- - - - - - - - - - - - --t AddltH - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --1 lonr Sleeve Includes delllled print ol follltt on sleeve. Slltislactlon assured l"hono _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ __ or rtlllm tor tull relun6. L _ _ _ _-t L CMck htlt .... fREECOlOR CATALOG ol 1ll ou1W1ldhlt lhph!CL O£Al..ER INQUIRIES INVITEO Ul IRAVIOlH PURIFICATION AND FlllERING SYSIEMS SOLAR PAOOUCTS · WATER ANALYSIS Joe Roberts RANOAll C LANIER 704 293 5912 . llWY 107 AT. 68 BOX 125 CULLOWllEE, NC 28723 KATUAH ... page 26 Oavod Reed 258 1038 734 Town Mountain Rd Asheville, NC 28805 Fall 1986 �A CHILDREN'S PAGE: ON DYING I would like to be burned and have my ashes spread over Riverflow (Community in Floyd, Va.). I think after you die you go to another world and each time you go to another world you would be sent there to do something good. Like in this world some of us possibly were sent here to stop war. Some people think when you die all you are is a ghost and just go around scaring people. But I think you go to another world. Asa-9 "Mum, when I get dead I want to be another man so I won't miss the rest of life!" Dylan-4 "When you're dead do you get a birthday? I mean an invisible birthday. When you're dead do you get an invisible birthday? Josh- 6 I think when you die your body disintegrates and you can tum into a butterfly or something. And God will call you and when its your tum he turns you into a baby and puts you in a stomach! Josh-6 0 "Yellow Dog" by Amy - 8 We had an old dog and it died because it was so old. It died and we buried it. We put sage and other kinds of herbs on its grave - and I found a little dead bird. I was going to bury it where we had buried our dog and I found little creatures and I went to tell mom and she said, "I do not know what they are." So, we buried the bird in our herb garden. And almost every day after I found the little bird I would go up to our yellow dog's grave and sit there. Special thanks to Colleen Redmon-Copus We welcome original drawings, stories, poems, ideas, or comments by individual children or groups for this page. Let us know what the children of Katuah are doing! Send contributions to Katuah. -cu KATUAH - page 27 �!9Bb SEPTEMBER 25 Black Moun tain, NC David Wilcox, Folksinger, at McDibbs; 119 Cherry SL; Black Mountain, NC (704) 669-2456. 26 Black Mountain, NC Bill Melanson and Paul Fieldman rockin' out at McDibbs. see 9/25. 9-26 Blue Ridie Parkwa y Mountajnweet Talk Two-act play by The Folktellers. Folk Art Center Theater. More info: Mountain Sweet Talk; c/o The Folktellers; P.O. Box 2898; Asheville, NC 28802 (704) 2.58-1 113. 26-28 B oome r, NC "Dyin g Into Our Lives" Workshop with Dale Borglum, director of Hanuman Foundation Living/Dying Project. At the Center for Awakening. $75. More info: (919) 921-2228. 27 Alum Ridge, VA Nature Attunement Workshop with Tom Williams. Commune with nature spirits and the Devas. Bring lunch and stay for the weekend. Cost $25; Pre-register. Penny Royal Education Center; Rt. HC 67, Box 171; Alum Ridge, VA 24051. C ullow hee, NC Mountain Heritage Day. Traditional music, exhibits, puppets, shows, food, crafts, more. WCU campus. Brasstown, NC Fall Craft Weekend. Blacksmithing, silk screening, kaleidoscope building, and woodcarving. see 10/3. 10-12 OCTOBER 27 Burnsville, NC Folk Music Festival, $5, Patience Mullendore Park, 6-12 pm. Toe River Arts Council, Box 521, Spruce Pine, NC 28777 (704) 682-7215. 27 S p r uce Pine, NC Western Nonh Carolina Alliance Annual Meeting; workshops, business, strategy meetings. $10 includes meals. Contact: Ron Lambe; Rt. 1, Box 127-E; Bakersville, NC 28705 (704) 688-2447. 27 27 3 B r asstown, NC Jean Ritchie in concen, 8 pm. Appalachian music, vocal and instrumental. John C. Campbell Folk School, Brasstown, NC 28902 (704) 837-2275. 3 Black Moun tain, NC David Wilcox at McDibbs. see 9/25. 3-5 H ot Springs, NC "To Leap Like a Tiger". Zen Buddhist Meditation weekend with Barbara Rhodes. Pre-register: Southern Dharma Retreat Center; Rt. 1, Box 34-H; Hot Springs, NC 28743. Big Ye llow Mounta in , (Aver y C ounty) M oderate to strenuous hiking. Spectacular views, rare plants. Pre-register: N.C. Nature Conservancy, POB 805, Chapel Hill, NC 27514. 4 27-28 4 Willis, VA "Balance Through Massage". A weekend intensive with Libby Outlaw; approaches to massage and balancing the body energies. Pre-register: Indian Valley Holistic Health Center; Rt. 2, Box 58; Willis, VA 24380. 30-0ct 4 Che r okee, NC Cherokee Fall Festival. Indian dancing stickball, blowguns, basketry, carving & other crafts; agricultural exhibit, midway & food. At the Ceremonial Grounds. KATIJAH - page 28 Bonas Defeat Gorge, (near C ullowh ee, NC) Nature Conservancy Field Trip. Very strenuous hiking. Pre-register: see 9/27. Bluff M ountain, (near Wes t Jefferson, NC) Natu r e Conservancy Field Trip. Pre-register: see 9/27. Brasst own , NC Fall Festival. Crafts, music & dance. John C. Campbell Folk School. see 10/3. 4-5 W illis, VA "Personal Integration: Past, Present and Future". Exploring personal history and past lives with Gaines Steer. Pre-register: see 9/27-28. Hot Springs, NC "Meditation on the Mountaintop" with John Orr. Pre-register: see 10/3-5. 10-13 15 Black Mountain, NC Gamble Rogers, singer and storyteller at McDibbs. see 9/25. 16-19 W heeling, West VA Midwives' Alliance of North America 4th Annual Conference. Speakers include Susun Weed, Norma Swenson, and Vera Keene. Workshops include therapeutic touch and herbs for birth. Contact: Ruth Walsh, POB 5, Linn, WV 26384 (304) 462-5617. 16-19 Highla nds, NC Fall Landscape Workshop. A photography workshop exploring the Highlands area. Fee $250. Contact: The Appalachian Environmental Arts Center, P.O. Drawer 580, Highlands, NC 28742 (704) 526-4303. 17 Black Mounta in, NC Dab Hand, music from Ireland, Scotland and the Shetland lslands at McD ibbs. see 9/25. 17-19 As he ville, NC Highlands Oaft Guild Fair, Civic Center. 17-19 C he rokee, NC Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) Reunion, Qualia Community Center. 4-5 17-19 Boomer, NC "Caring for the Caregiver" Workshop at the Center for Awakening. Info: (919) 921-2228. Fall 1986 �OCTOBER 19, 1986, NOVEMBER 11 a.m. 2-15 Brasstown, NC Fall Crafts. Blacksmithing, log ho me building, quilting, weaving, enameling & drawing. see 10/3. Hot Springs, NC Meditation and work retreat with Rodney Smith. Pre-register: Southern Dhanna, see 10/3-5. 7-9 Hot S prings, NC "Beginner's Mind" - An introductory meditation retreat with Cheri Huber. Pre-register: Southern Dharma Retreat Center, see 10/3-5. 26-30 17-19 Zionville, NC "Healing in the Wise-Woman Tradition" with "Green Witch" Susun S. Weed, herbalist and healer. Workshops include plant identification, herbal preparations, simple ritual. Sliding scale fee: $75-100, barter, or work exchange. Pre-register: Phoenix Productions; Rt. 2, Dox 59; Zionville, NC 28698. 18 Roan Mountain (Mitchell County} Hiking the heath balds with The Nature Conservancy. Pre-register: see 9/27. 31 SAMHAIN FESTIVAL Celtic New Year (Feast of the Dead) DECEMBER 31-NOV 2 Durham, NC "Ecology - The Spiritual Imperative" wilh Margot Adler, Peter Borrelli et al. Sponsored by Center For Reflection on the Second Law. Registration $25; room & board $60. You may commute or camp. More info: CFRSL, 8420 Camellia Dr., Raleigh, NC 27612. 18 Black Mountain, NC John McCutcheon, Hammer Dulcimer music a1 McDibbs. see 9/25. Hiwassee, GA Old-Time Fiddler's Convention, Georgia Mountain Fair, POB 444, Hiwassee, GA 30546. 24-25 24-26 Brasstown, NC Fall Dance Weekend. see 10/3. Hot Springs, NC "What Are You Expecting from Zazen?" - Introduction to Zen Meditation by Katagiri-Roshi, Abbott of The Minnesota Zen Meditation Center. Pre-register: Southern Dhanna, see 10/3-5. 24-26 Black Mountain, NC Sally Rogers plays traditional music at McDibbs. see 9/25. 5~ H~ Sprin~, NC "Introduction to Sufi Meditation and Dance" with John Johnson, founder of Light of the Mountains Sufi Community. Pre-register: see 10/3-5. 11-13 Brasstown, NC Christmas Madrigal Concert and Dinner. John C. Campbell Folk School. see 10/3. ~ SOUTHE:RN DHARM~ RE:TRE:~T CE:NTE:R \ 1' FALL SCHEDULE October 3-5 10-13 24-26 "To Leap Like a Tiger - A Zen Weekend", Barbara Rhodes. "On the Mountaintop", with John Orr. "Introduction to Zen Meditation (Zazen} - What Are You Expecting from Zazen?", with Zen Master Katagiri-roshi. November 7-9 26-30 December 5-7 27-Jan 4 "Insight Meditation and Work Retreat Weekend", with Rodney Smith. "Beginner's Mind - An Introductory Meditation Retreat", with Cheri Huber. "Introduction to Sufi Meditation and Dance", with John Johnson. "A New Year's Meditation Retreat", with John Orr. 29 30-Nov 2 Berea, KY 13th Annual Celebration of Traditional Music, Berea College. With Doug Wallin, Betty Smith, Sparky Rucker and many others. Info: Berea College, Box 2336, Berea, KY 40404 (606} 986-9341 Southcm Dharma Reireat Cen~ iJ loc.ied in a remote lrC& o.r the Smoky Mountains near Asheville, North Carolina. For further ln!ormatioo about So11lhan DhlnDI or lbout ID)' of the pn>grmns above, call ar write: SOUTHERN DHAltMA RETREAT CENTER RLI, Box 34-H; Hot Sprinp, NC 28743 (704) 622-7112 You Can't Beat a Woman! Contact: Buncombe......................... HELPMATE, lnc................. (704) 254-0516 Cherokee I Clay I Graham....... R.E.A.C.H.,Inc .................. (704) 837-8064 Haywood .......................... R.E.A.C.H ........................ (704) 456-7521 Henderson ......................... MAINSTAY...................... (704) 693-3840 Jackson ............................ R.E.A.C.H ........................ (704) 586-8969 Swain .............................. SAFE, Inc ......................... (704} 488-6809 Transylvania ...................... SAFE, lnc ......................... (704) 885-7233 Polk................................ STEP TO HOPE, Inc............ (704) 859-9721 Rutherford ........................ PA TH, Inc ......................... (704} 245-8595 McDowell... ...................... F AMIL Y SHELTER ............. (704) 652-6150 KATUAH - page 29 Fall 1986 �APPALACHIAN PATCHWORK· Mouniain lales and songs by the Appalachian Puppet Theatre. Cassette tape $7.00 from: Appalachian Puppet Theatre, 3SS Cedar ~ Road, Black Mouniain, NC 28711 (704) 669~1. APPALACHIAN GINSENG CO. • Cultivated American ginseng, s1n1tlfied seeds. seedling roolS T-Shirts with ginseng logo. $9.00 ppd Crom P.O. Box 547; Dillsboro, NC 28725. CEN1C.R FOR AWAKENING needs a volunteer to TI.JRNING lHOUGfff INTO ACl10N: Cen1et for ReJlection on the Second Law. 8420 Camellia Dr.. Raleigh, NC 27612. give advice and assistance in developing an alc.emative energy system as well as an alternative waste system for the Center. Contact Elizabeth Callari: (919) 921-2228. HEALTH and F11NESS SELF-CARE CENTER: A private center offering comprehensive programs or scientifically and medically documented approaches to optimum health and fitness. Seminars, WOtltshops and privac.e consultations for indivil!uals, families and businesses. Contacc Jeffrey Brown: HFSC; POB 278; Lexingron, NC 27293 (704) 246-4919. APPLE TREES GOLDEN SEAL PLANTS and other native and exotic wildilowers. Descriptive ca181og Sl.00 from: Appalachian Wildflower Nursery; RL I, Box 275-A; Reedsville, PA 17084. FRIENDS OF THE MOUNTAINS IS a grassroots organiution involved in lhe conservation and protection of the southern Appalachian hi&hlands. RL 2. Box 2279; Clayt0n, GA 30525. Old-timey and popular conc.emponuy varieties on SWldard. semi-, or dwarf stocks. Send SASE for price list: Jeff Poppen, Long Hungry~ Nursery, Red Boiling Springs. TN 37150. CHEROKEE CLEANSING TEA • over 1 dozen herbs (makes app. one gallon) • $7.50 from Medicine Canoe Products; R1.2, Box 90-E; Old Fon, NC 28762. APPLE TREES Grafted old-fashioned and contemporary. Send SO cents for catalog: Henry Monon. Old-fashioned Apple Trees. RL I, Box 203; Gatlinburg, TN 3n38. In1ematjonal l'mnacuhure Sce<I Year1look •• The annual bulletin, directory. and resource guide for permacullure practitioners; S 10.00; Box 202; Orange, MA 01364. Woman of Powec A magazine of feminism, spirituality, and politics. Published quanerly. POB 827;Cambridge,MA 02238. CRAFTS FROM SALVADORAN AND GUATEMALAN REFUGEES IN NICARAGUA: Cards. plitques, boxes, puzzles, paiches; This trade benefits refugees directly. Brochure from: Dry Crcclc Cooperative Trading 918 Jennings CL Woodbury, TN 37190 a non-profit organization. APPALACHIAN WILDFLOWER NURSERY • Nauve and exotic wildilowers. Descriptive catalog SI from: RI. I, Box 275-A: Reedsville, PA 17084. ASHEVILLE I BUNCOMBE COUNTY SOLID WASTE ALTERNATIVES PLANNING WORKSHOP: A design for handling solid waslCS in any urban context. SIS from Long Branch Environmental Education Cenc.er. RL 2, Box 132; Leicester, NC 28748. DRUM WORKSHOPS • for children of all ages. therapeuuc massage • Relaxes the body & mind ...Call Manha for more info al (704) 258-0616 MOON DANCE FARM HERBALS· herbal salves. uno1wes, & oils for binhmg & family health. For brochure. please write: Moon Dnnce Fann: RL I, Box 72f>; Hampton, TN 37658 CUSTOM CELTIC HARPS • A'Court Bason; Travinnna Farm; RL l; Check, VA 24072. FAIRGLEN FARMS offers organic, biological feniliz.ers for farm and garden. Send SASE for price lisL Biologically-grown produce 10 sell? We are interested in acting as cooperative marketing agents with other growers. Write: Route I, Box 319; Oyde, NC 28721. Shares for sale in FLOYD AGRICULTURAL ENERGY CO-OP; par valued at SIOO each. Will Bason: Travianna Farm; RL I; Check, VA 24072.. ·AS WE ARE" - Women's music by Pomegranate Rose. a four-woman group playing lively original music. Cassette tape available for $9.00 ppd. from RL 2, Box 435; Piusboro, NC 27312. BIG MOUNTAIN • 10.000 uaditional Navajo people threatened with removal by US government to make way for coal and uranium mines. Suppon and donations needed. Write: Big Mountain Legal Defense/Offense Commiuee; 2501 N. 4lh St., Suii.e 18; Flagstaff. AZ 86001 (602) 774-5233. KATUAH ·page 30 HOLOGRAPHIC ASTROLOGY • Every p:irt of a hologram contains all the info about the entire hologram. and each cell in your body contains all the genetic data about your whole body. Similarly, every body contains all the information about the entire solar system • you are lhe solar system and each of your planets is one of your potentials. Chart & Consultation, SS0.00 Harriet Wiu Miller (704) 689-4617. AMRITA HERBAL PRODUCTS • Comfrey, EuoalyplUS, or Golden Seal Salve, Lemon or Lavender Face Cream. Made with narural and essential oils and love. Send for brochure: RL I, Box 737; Floyd, VA 24091. ELACHEE NATURE SCIENCE CENTER • dedicated to the undersrand.ing and appreciation of lhe natural world. For membership or visiting info, write P.O. Box 2771; Gainesville, GA 30503. At ARTHUR MORGAN SCHOOL 24 Students and 14 staff learn together by living in community. Curriculum includes creative academics. group decision-makmg, a work program, service projcclS, extensive rield trips, challenging outdoor experiences. Write: 1901 Hannah Branch Rd.; Burnsville. NC 28714. FOUR WINDS VILLAGE • health and spiritual retreat; home for children in need. For visiting info, write: Box 112; Tiger, GA 30576. LIGHTWORKS • luminous fabric window pieces by Cathy Scou; 734 Town Mountain Rd.; Asheville, NC 28804. WEBWORK.ING is free. Send submissions to: .KaWab P.O. Box 873 Cullowhec, NC 28723 Fall 1986 �KJUW wants to communicate your thoughts and feelings to the other people in the bioregional province. Send them to us as letters, poems, stories, drawings, or photographs. Please send your contributions to us at: Kmiiflb; Box 873; Cu/lowhee, NC 28723. The winter KatUah, Issue XIV, will focus on "Keeping Warm". The deadline for all submissions for that issue is October 31. Please send your ideas for future themes for .Katiiih. Medici11tL- Allies GET BACK! issues of Katuah full color T- sfJirts In the traditional Cherokee Indian belief, the creatures in the world today are only diminutive forms of the mythic beings who once inhabited the world, but who now reside in Galuna'ti, the spirit world, the highest heaven. But a few of the original powers broke through the spiritual barrier ans:I exist yet in the world as we know it. These beings are called with reverence "grandfathers". And of them, the strongest are Kaniui.. the lightning, the power of the sky; Utsa'nati. the rattlesnake, who personifies the power of the earth plane; and Yunwj Usdj, "the little man", as ginseng is called in the sacred ceremonies, who draws up power from the underworld. Each is the strongei;t power in its own domain. Together they are allies: their energies complement each other to form an even greater power. As medicine allies, they represent the healing power of the Appalachian Mountains. The medicine powers ofKatiiah have been depicted in a striking T-shirt design by Ibby Kenna. Printed in 5-color silkscreen by Ridgerunner Naturals on top-quality, all-cotton shirts, they are available now in all adult sizes from the Kan"illlljournal. "To show respect for this supernatural trinity of the natural world is to in tum become an ally in the continuing process of maintaining harmony and balance here in the mountains of Karuah." To order, use the form below. ISSUE TWO - WINTER 1983·84 Yona • Bear Hunters • Pigeon River • Another Way With Animals - Alma • Becoming Politically Effective Mountain Woodlands • Katiiah Under the Drill • Spirirual Wuriors ISSUE TIIRBE • SPRINO 1984 Sustainable Agriculture • Sunflowers • Human lmpac1 on lhe Forest - Chi.ldrens" Education - Veronica Nichola.s:Woman in Politics - Lillie People • Medicine Allies ISSUE NINE- FALL 1985 The Waldee Forest • The Trees Speak • Migrating Foresis • Horse Logging • Starting a Tree Crop • Urban Trees Acom Bread • Myth Tune ISSUE FOUR · SUMMER 1984 Water Orum • Wa1u Qualiiy • Kudz.u • Solar &lipse - Clearcutting • Trout Going 10 Water • Ram Pumps • Microhydro • Poems: Bennie Lee Sinclair, Jim Wayne Mille.- ISSUE TEN· WINTER 1985.86 Kale Rogers - Circles or SIOne • Internal Mythmaking - Holistic Healing on Trial - Poems: Sieve Knaulh • Mythic Places • The Uk1ena·s Tale • Cryslal Magic '"Orcamspeaking" ISSUE FTVE - FALL 1984 Harvest • Old Ways in Cherokee Ginseng • Nuclear Waste • Our Celtic Heritage • Bioregionalism: Pasi. Present. and Future . John Wilnoly • Healing Darkness • Politics of Puticipalion ISSUE ELEVEN. SPRING 1986 Community Planning • Cities and lhe Bioregional Vision • Recycling Community Oardening- Floyd County, VA • Oasohol - Two Bioregional Views • Nuclear Supplement - Foxfire Games -Good Medicine: Visions ISStJE SIX· WINTER 1984-85 Winier Solstice Earth Ceremony Horsepa.sture River · Coming or the Light - Log Cabin Roots - Mountain Agriculture: The Righi Crop · William Taylor - The Fu1urc of the Forest Living in the Oard~~ Sacred Scarab • Regular Membership........$10/yr. Sponsor.......................$20/yr. Contributor...................$50/yr. Address Enclosed is$ to give this effort an extra boost State Phone Number KATUAH - page 31 Herbal· Oood Back Issues Issue# _ _@ $2.00 = $_ _ Issue# _ _@ $2.00 = $ _ _ Issue# _ _@ $2.00 = $ _ _ Issue# _ _@ $2.00 = $ _ _ Issue# _ _@ $2.00 = $ _ _ Complete Set (2-11) @ $15.00 = $_ _ T-Shins: specify quantity oolor: tan S_ _ M_ _~ L_ _ XL_ _ Zip I can be a local contact person for my area Area Code ,. the Appalachian .,~Woman Sus1ainAble Economics - Ho1 Springs • Worker Ownership • The Creal Economy - Self Help Credit Union - Wild Turkey · Responsible Investing • Working in !he Web of Life For more info: call Mamie Muller (704) 252-9167 City ~t:fo\\, <P' ISSUE SEVEN. SPRINO 1985 KATUAH: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Aopalachians Box 873; Cullowhee, Nonh Carolina 28723 Name ISSUE EIOHT ·SUMMER 19g5 Celebu.tion: A Way of Life • Ka1uah 18,000 Years Ago - Sacred Siles • Folk AIU in the Schools • Sun Cycle/Moon Cycle Poems: Hilda Downer • Cherokee Heritage Center - Who Owns Appalachia? @ $9.50 each............$ _ _ TOTAL PRICE= postage paid $_ _ Fall 1986 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians Records Description An account of the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, later simplified to Katúah Journal, was published from 1983 to 1993. A quarterly publication, it was focused on the bioregion of former Cherokee land in Appalachia. The early issues of the journal explain the meaning of the Cherokee name, Katúah, and why the editors wanted to view the world through a bioregional lens, rather than political boundaries. A volunteer production, the editors took a holistic view in tackling social, environmental, mental, spiritual, and emotional topics of the day, many of which are still relevant.  The Katúah Journal was co-founded by Marnie Muller, David Wheeler, Thomas Rain Crowe, Martha Tree and others who served as co-publishers and co-editors. Other key team members included Chip Smith, David Reed, Jay Mackey, Rob Messick and many others. This digital collection is only a portion of the Katúah-related materials in the W.L. Eury Appalachian Collection in Special Collections at Appalachian State University. The items in AC.870 Katúah Journal records cover the production history of the Katúah Journal. Contained within the records are correspondence, publication information, article submissions, and financial information. The editorial layouts for issues 12 through 39 are included as are a full run of the Journal spanning nearly a decade. Also included are photographs of events related to the Journal and a film on the publication. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived This resource is part of the Katúah Journal Records collection. For a description of the entire collection, see <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/937" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Katúah Journal Records (AC. 870)</a>. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The images and information in this collection are protected by the Copyright Law of the United States (Title 17, U. S. C.) and are intended only for personal, non-commercial, and educational purposes, provided proper citation is used – i.e., Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians Records, 1980-2013 (AC.870), W. L. Eury Appalachian Collection, Special Collections, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC. Researchers are responsible for securing permissions from the copyright holder for any reproduction, publication, or commercial use of these materials. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1983-1993 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource journals (periodicals) Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, Issue 13, Fall 1986 Description An account of the resource The thirteenth issue of the Katúah Journal focuses on the theme of death as a natural part of the life cycle and hospice. The feature story is on the Center for Awakening, a hospice founded by Elizabeth S. Callari in Boomer, North Carolina. Authors and artists in this issue include: Marnie Muller, Nena Parkerson, David Wheeler, Turrin Keye, Martha Laurie Overlock, George Ellison, Kalanu, and Rob Messick. Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, later simplified to Katúah Journal, was published from 1983 to 1993. A quarterly publication, it was focused on the bioregion of former Cherokee land in Appalachia. The early issues of the journal explain the meaning of the Cherokee name, Katúah, and why the editors wanted to view the world through a bioregional lens, rather than political boundaries. A volunteer production, the editors took a holistic view in tackling social, environmental, mental, spiritual, and emotional topics of the day, many of which are still relevant. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1986 Table Of Contents A list of subunits of the resource. The Center for Awakening.......1 Interview with Elizabeth Callari.......3 Review: A Gentle Death.......5 Hospice.......6 Review: Dealing Creatively with Death.......7 Interview with Ernest Morgan.......7 Home Burial Box.......9 The Wake.......11 Story: "Good Night From Shadows Fall".......13 Poem: "The Raven Mocker".......15 Good Medicine: The Sweat Lodge.......16 Natural World News.......18 Review: Woodslore and Wildwoods Wisdom.......21 Note: This table of contents corresponds to the original document, not the Document Viewer. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Sylva Herald Publishing Company, Sylva, North Carolina Subject The topic of the resource Bioregionalism--Appalachian Region, Southern Sustainable living--Appalachian Region, Southern Terminal care--North Carolina, Western Terminal care facilities--North Carolina, Western Hospice care--North Carolina, Western Death--Psychological aspects Children and death Funeral rites and ceremonies North Carolina, Western Blue Ridge Mountains Appalachian Region, Southern North Carolina--Periodicals Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/937"> AC.870 Katúah Journal records</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a title="In Copyright – Educational Use Permitted" href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-EDU/1.0/?language=en 8" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> In Copyright – Educational Use Permitted </a> Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. https://www.geonames.org/4456695/boomer.html Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant ||||osm Boomer (N.C.) Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. <a title="Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians" href="https://omeka.library.appstate.edu/collections/show/79" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians </a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Journals (Periodicals) Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1980s Appalachian Mountains Appalachian Studies Black Bears Book Reviews Children's Page Community Death and Dying Forest Issues Good Medicine Habitat Katúah Poems Radioactive Waste Recycling Stories Turtle Island Western North Carolina Alliance https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/c5f08e481824615d18c6f5c6bd8ddef8.pdf ab8164d46d387f7db9c40c17d5a6eb35 PDF Text Text --~ ATUAH $JOO ISSUE XIV WINTER 1986-87 Wintertimef Dreamtime �i, g ci N u G: z <o ... w A. .... - w ~~ igN ~f t:: Ct> • w_, OZA.:;) 11. 0 u z CONTENTS ("') N ,.... co N ~ LLOYD CARL OWLE...........................................................................1 8()()(3ERS AND MUMMERS...............................................................3 ALL SPECIES DAY .............................................................................6 POEM BY WILL ASHE BASON.........................................................9 GOOD MEDICINE..............................................................................10 CABIN FEVER UNIVERSITY.........................................................12 POEMS BY OLIVER LOVEDAY ......................................................13 KEEPING WARM: HOMELESS IN KATUAH ................................ 14 HOMEMADE HOTWATER...............................................................18 A STOVEMAKER'S NARRATIVE. ................................................19 NATURAL WORLD NEWS..............................................................20 H ,..l 0 0 i5 a: en Ul ::> ~ u 0 :z: .. tll fZJ ~ ,..l s u ... ("') ,.... co II< i ~ 0 ~ z 0 ; 0:: 8 Cl) ~ 0 0 < �1111111111 ,.~:.u 1 1~tfl .1'!••@.:1!. .!:1~,11•·••:a~:1a1rn ISSUE XIV WlNTER 1986-87 ART AND SURVIVAL Lloyd Carl Owle is a Cherokee Indian, a descendent of Yonaguska. He is field director of the Save the Children Federation program for the southeastern Indian nations, but he is best known for his powerful and expressive stone carvings. His works are on display at the Qualia Craft Co·op and the "Miz-Chief' store in Cherokee. NC. Su 'The Work ofUoJd Ctul Owlt~ pp. 16-17 There is an old legend that says there are two people inside of us. One is young, and the other is old. These two figures of the legend represent two different viewpoints: the young one th:u does not discriminate, that sees the world as a whole; and the old one that is linear, that picks the world apart and focusses on only one thing at a time. This is 1rue for us. Kids have to be trained to think in a linear way. They take to the other way naturally. When I was a kid in school, I enjoyed looking at a Little bug with all its intricacy and detail more than doing English or math. Even now I have 600 things in my mind at any one time. As I'm working on one carving l have a lot of other things going on at the same time. They are all pictured individually in my head, but I can only put a part of what I see into any one piece. Even so, when I'm doing something with maybe ten ants and six people, it gets very intticate and complex. I have to keep it all in my mind at the same nme. I have to see a piece from several different sides at once. Either a person can see in that way or they can't. Size has always been strange to me, too. 1 play with that. Neutrons, atoms, planets.....all arc equally important to the functioning of the universe. So in my carvings a little ant can be as big as a person's face, or a snake will be larger than a person's body. When I'm working in my shed at two or three o'clock in the morning, I feel tuned in to a different time. h is a time or a place in my mind that is very primitive. My carvings reflect this. One might say that this "primitive" art comes from a place of deeper vision. From this place the activities of life have more meaning than they do to a person of the modem culture. This is because these things arc seen as being connected. Life is viewed as a whole, rather than "my life", "your Life", "their Life". This is a special way to see Lhe world. This power of mind is a gift that only some people have. Medicine men have this power, but they don't "make" it, it's already within them. In the same way, art is a part of a person. h's in their DNA, or their life-soul, however it is called. It is less an ability to consciously make something happen than to let something work through us. Sometimes I have the feeling l'm just watching my hands do something on their own. I just let them go. Often, afcer working late at night, I have to look at a piece again in the morning and re-identify with it. It seems sLrange and foreign, not like something I did myself. And, in a way, that is true, because a good angel came through and helped me. This reminds me of the legend of "the little people'; The "little people" represent the different dimensions of the mind. All the dimensions are here, and sometimes we slip into another time or another phase of the mind, and we find ourselves seeing things in a different way. It feels SLrange to us only because we have become separated from ourselves. The 'little people' are a sense that has been given us to help us survive and protect ourselves. Native American people have always listened to that other voice. It is something that has helped us to survive. Call it ESP, call it good judgement, or intuition-it is a way of thinking, but also a way of communicating. The basic power of the native medicine person was the ability to bring up the thought in someone else's mind that they were going to ge1 well. The medicine person would not do this by putting a thought from the outside into another person's mind. They helped their patients communicate with themselves and the Creator so they would be well. If their mind was not whole, they lYm sick! Some people might say, "Why is he talking about things like that in these modern times?" But this deep communicauon still works for us, because on thac level of the mind everything is connected. We are simuhaneously tuned into different times in the history of this world, faraway civilizations of long ago, different people living in differenc places, or even inco space. In dreams I've seen bowls with arrowheads and similar designs on them that are still buried in the ground. I know someday they'll be found, not only in this country, but in South America, and even in Egypt in places along the Nile. I've seen visions of a sculpture of a head with an elongated face that they'll dig out along the Nile someday. l put that face in a carving I did. Someday they may try to relate that carving back to the ancient Egyptian culture, to the art I do, or even to similar carvings from South America. ART AS LANGUAGE Masks, myth, music, art--anything that arises from that deep place is a language. Whether it's "Indians" from North America, Indians from lndia, or any other people, we can communicate through that language. In that deep place we are already connected. People have to protect themselves and the ways they have learned and survived. The Cherokee tribe protects itself, its customs, and its beliefs. The Hopi and the people in India do the same. But art cotcrs people's minds through the back door. Something pleasing to the eye relaxes people. It releases them, whether they are creating it or looking at it. People of any race or any culture in the world can see a piece of art, and, simply because they love and appreciate the beauty of it, they are taken to that place where they experience the same thoughts or feelings the artist bad when be or she created it. By seeing it or touching it, they can grasp that thought in a way no one could explain with words. And they also grasp that thought in a way that doesn't threaten their beliefs. Art is a way to communicate the differences between people. I'm not a doom-crier, but we need to communicate -- blacks, whites, Indians, Russians -· all of us. Our beliefs may be - continued on page 25 KATUAH-page 1 Winter 1986-87 �& )lATlii-a )• ... :1111il!ul!11m 1•1+11111wi111•1: 1 . 111:1amli'JP!li" •'"' "'"'•,.__ . 111 . EDITORIAL STAFF THlS ISSUE: Scott Bird Sylvia Fox Judith Hallock Rob Messick Mamie Muller Manha Overlock Michael Red Fox Chip Smith Brad Stanback Manha Tree David Wheeler EDITQRIAL ASSISTANCE: Tom Hendricks Mark Kelly Brooks Michael Jeff Fobes Sara Jane Thomas Julie Gaunt EDITOR CAL OEACE THIS ISSUE: Asheville, NC PRTNIEQBY: Sylva furalQ Publishing Co. Sylva, NC WRITE US AT: Katiiah Box 873 Cullowhee, NC 28723 TELEPHONE: (704) 252-9167 COVER: "Primitive Fear" by Lloyd Carl Qwle The ln1cmal Revenue Service hu declared .K.a.W&h a non-pr organization under section SOl(c)(3) of lhc Internal Revenue Code. All con1nbu1ions 10 K.ni!Jh arc deductible from personal income y WI. .K!n1lb wishes 10 thank lhc Salisbury Community Foundation for lheiT generous cran1 in suppon of our work. JRV0CllTJ0R Enter within The cave ckep dark :Below mountains IVhere ln slup tjona, 9reat black bear And we to9ether clream New patterns of existence New futu res for the world Green, blue, and white Lcoki~back From w£thin infinite ni9ht Our souls m~fe :Bri9ht amo~ the crystal stars KATUAH - page 2 Here in the sowhem-most heartland of the Appalachian mountains, the oldest mou111ai11 range on our continent, Turtle Island, a small but growing group has begun to take on a sense of responsibility for the implications of that geographical and cultural heritage. This sense of responsibility centers on the concept of living within the na11ual scale and balance ofuniversal sys rems and laws. We begin by invoking the Cherokee name "Karuali" as the old/new name for this area of the mountains and for its journal as well. The editorial priorities for us are to collect and disseminate information and energy which pertains specijicafly to this area, and to foster the awareness thal the land is a living being deserving of oiu love and respect. Living in tlris manner is the only way to ensure the sustainability of our biosphere and a lasting place for ourselves in its continuir1g evol11tior1ary process. We seem to have reached thefulcrtvn poim ofa "do or die" situation in terms of a cominued quality standard oflife on this planet. It is the aim of 1/ris journal to drJ its part in the re-inhabitation and re-cultura1ion of the Ka1Uilh province of the Southern Appalachians. This province is indicated by its natural boundaries: the New River vicinity to the north; tlie foothills oftlie piedmont area to tlie east; Yona Mountain and the Georgia hills to the south; and tlie Tennessee River Valley to the west. Humbly, as self-appointed stewards with sacred instructions as "new natives" to protect and preserve i1s sacredness. we advocate a centered approach to tlie cor1cep1 of decentralization and hope to become a support system/or those accepting the challenge of sustainability and the creation of harmony and balance in a total sense, here in this place. We welcome all correspondence, criticism, pertinent information, articles, artwork, etc. with hopes that Kmlttlh wilf grow to serve the best imerests of this region and all its living, breatlUngfamily members. - The Editors Winter 1986-87 �BOOGEAS AND MUMMEAS While collecting material for his book Cherokee Dance and Drama, Frank G. Speck, on January 2, 1935, observed a performance of the "Booger Dance" during a social gathering at the house of Will Pheasant in the Big Cove community on the Cherokee Indian reservation. He described the dancers as being "a company of four to ten or more masked men, occasionally with a couple of women companions, representing people from far away or across the water - Germans, French, Chinese, Negroes.....Each masked dancer has a personal name, usually obscene, which is given upon request to the host of the house party.... Europeans show exaggerations of features--bushy eyebrows, moustaches. chin whiskers, red cheeks, big noses, ghastly white pallor, and bald heads. Animal masks are occasionally worn by the boogers when they desire to represent themselves as hunters and then they carry guns, bows, or clubs. Other equipment of the boogers may be a dead chicken to represent a wild rurkey, a dead lamb, or the skull of a cow or a horse. Boogers may distort their figures by stuffing abdomen, buttocks, or shins. Some carry an imitation phallus of gourd neck or wrapped cloth concealed beneath a quilt of sheet, which they expose when dashing toward women and girls. Sometimes the gourd phallus contains water, which is released, adding to the burlesque." The dancers would enter the house acting at the same time clownishly and violently--falling on the floor, swinging at the men, and making rushes at the women and girls. When questioned by the host of the party, who acted as master of KA TUAH - page 3 ceremonies, they said they wanted "Girls!" and they wanted "to fight", but they were mollified and introduced themselves with a song and a dance solo by each member of the cast. The host then invited the group to dance. Customarily, the boogers would do one of the "winter dances", the Bear Dance or the Eagle Dance. During the second round of the dance, women from the audience joined as the boogers' partners in the dancing. The boogers then left as boisterously as they had come, some dashing into the crowd of women and clumsily trying to carry off struggling victims, amid screams and laughter. The Mummers In lrcland, within living memory, it was the custom for companies of young men, called ''The Mummers" to go from house to house during the nights after ChristmaS wearing costumes and tall masks of plaited rushes, performing a ritualized drama of death and rebirth. The play was ostensibly to raise money for a large community dance, The Mummers' Ball, that took place early in January, but the roots of the custom go back into antiquity. The mummers were led by a captain who acted as master of ceremonies and was responsible for the conduct of his tr0upe in the kitchens of the community. In recent years, the company consisted more or less of eight basic characters: the Captain, Beelzebub, Prince George (of England), Oliver Cromwell, Saint Patrick, the Doctor, Big Head (a musician), and Miss Funny (the treasurer). The captain requested entrance into the house, and if it were granted, he strode into the kitchen, proclaiming: "Here comes/, Captain Mummer, And all me men. Room, room, gallant boys, Give us room to rhyme. We'll show you some diversion Around these Chrisrmas times." One after another the members of the cast came into the lighted kitchen, declaring in rhyme, and each introducing the next, until the character of SL Patrick entered: "Here Comes/, St. Patrick, And tile reason I came I'm in search ofthat bully Prince George is his name. And if I do find him, I'll tell you no lie, I'll hack him to pieces as small as a fly." Prince George and St. Patrick then had an altercation that ended when Prince George drew his rapier (stick) and ran his opponent through. The Doctor was called for and entered, bearing "...a wee bottle here in the waistband ofme trousers. Tlzey call it Hokey pokey halicumpain. Rise 11p dead man and jighi again." the Doctor would say as he revived the patient, and he would then call for Big Head, who entered and played music for two dancers to relieve the dramatic tension of the perfonnance. Miss Funny would then come in and ask for money, "All silver and no brass." At this point the show became more - continued on next page Wrnter 1986-87 �- continued ijfonnal, and members of the household were enco uraged to request songs and <Wices, or to step in for a dance with Miss Funny. At the conclusion of the event it was customary for the people of the house to try to guess the identity of the mummers, and if there were girls in the house bold enough, they might attempt to maneuver a position where they could knock the mask off one of the performers. The mummers would defend their fellow by pushfog and tickling, which frequently led to much squealing and giggling. Then with a farewell and good wishes the mummers would depan into the night In these days when people nightly invite murder and violence into their homes via their TV sets, the mummers' play may seem bland and unconvincing. But it was not as often seen in those days, and it was a live performance: "Rhyme and action render it all humorous, but the words are clear. There are many young men, armed with sticks, standing around your kitchen who would like you to give them some money," wrote Henry Glassie in his book on the mumming tradition, All Silver and No Brass, Common T hreads The two performances, boogers and mummers, from disparate cultures on opposite sides of the ocean, vary greatly due to the differences in geography and culture. Yet, even in such a superficial presentation of traditions that had evolved through centuries, certain srrong similarities stand out. First, the masks. These were the core of the presentation. They lent a compelling sense of presence to the dramas, and plunged the audience, the familiar household, and the players into a different reality. This was a visitation from the spirit world. T he masks were frightening, but they could also amaze and delight. The masked players were from outside the bounds of convention. They could talk and act in a way not permi11ed in ordinary community life. They could speak of things usually left unspoken. They could talce deep tensions and transfonn them through humor, song, and dance. The second similarity was the time of year. Both of these plays were done at night as part of the winter season celebration. Hayes Lossiah, who danced the Booger Dance in Big Cove, said, "We'd do it in the winter. It'd snow two, three days, mebbe, after the dance." "It was the performance of the season," said Peter Flanagan of County Ferman agh, Ireland of the Christmas mumming shows. ' KATUAH-page4 a• - ~-«¥ • I t:llltec.,... ...._...,-.,.IT The Booger Dance was sometimes origins a nd the original purpose o f the used by medicine men in the healing of the Booger Dance-, for the Iroquois marked the sick. These appearances would, of course, transitidn between the old and new years happen in any season needed, but: "In its with <t winter celebration called the "festival earliest form, the Booger Oilflce, 'strong in of dreall'.IS~, which is. described by James Frazer in bis book The Golden Boui:h: magic', was undoubtedly ti mi ted to win ter performance. since its association with 'The whole cel'cmonies lasted several days, or even weeks, and formed a kind of 'ghosts', those of aliens, is believed to bring killi ng frosts," said Speck. saturnalia. Men and women, variously The connectipn with healing shows disguised. went from wigwnm to wigwam smashing and throwing down whatever they the original spiritual nature of the masks, and should make us look closer to find the came across. It was a time of general purpose in the buffoonery of the winter license; the people were supposed to be out of their senses, and therefore not to be Booger Dance. The character and conduct of the responsible for what they did ....On one day mummers and th·e boogers is another of the festival the ceremony of driving away evil spiriis from the village took place. Men similarity. In both performances the casts showed highly exaggerated characteristics clothed in the skins of wild beasts, their of aggressiveness and clownishness. The faces covered with hideous masks, and their interplay bet ween the audience and the hands with the shell of the tortoise, wem performers contained an clement of the from hut to hut making frightful noises; in risque in both of the dramas, but it was every hut they took the fuel from 1he fire and scattered the embers and ashes about the more highly ,exaggerated and exploited by the boogers. floor with their hands. The general It is bold indeed to speculate on the confession of sins which preceded the origins of these two events of folk theatre, festival was probably a preparation for the when little p recise information is known public expulsion of evil influences; it was a about either. But the structure of the way of stripping the people of their moral mummers' play strongly reflects the old burdens, that these might be collected and cast out" myth of the god of the new year killing the god of the old that dates back to earliest Clearly the booger masks of the history in Europe and the British Isles. In Iroquois were aiding in the exorcism of other areas of Britain the same story is demons - the pent-up emotions of the winter enacted by the "wranboys" during the same and the stale energies of the old year. This could have been the original purpose of the days after Christmas, who hunt and kill a ~n. the deity of the year past, in the name Cherokee masks, as well, but as the of "Cock Robin", who represents the Christian missionaries inhibited the old coming cycle of regrowth. spiritual forms, and as European oppression The Doctor of the mummers and his anacked the Indians and their way of life, "wee bottle" of "hokey pokey halicumpain" the whites could have been given the also provides a death and resurrection theme principal role of devil-demon scapegoat to act out and carry away the year's negative symbolic of the regeneration of the year. A solstice play would have had an energies. important role in an early agricultural If we can accept, or even consider, these intuitive conclusions as to the origins community to teach the young and remind of the mask dramas, we see that these two the old that the changes of the year, while cultures approached the challenges of the dramatic and threatening, were a normal pan of the yearly cycle. winter season in very different ways: one in The influence of the Christian church an active, volatile way, and the other by internalizing the energies of the season by would have caused the substitution of St. Patrick as the main protagonist, as it did in re-enacting them as a story. But although so many other holidays and rituals. But very different from each other in their original form, the two events seem to spring then, as secular concerns became more immediate, SL Patrick and St. George could from a deep, common, spiritual matrix: the need to maintain the community, first in the have come to represent the relations between Ireland and England, which had so much changing flow of time, then of history. bearing on the life of the poor Irish farmers. That required that conventional social This was of special significance in the barriers be temporarily broken down to find a new and basic starting point from which divided communities of northern Ireland the people could move together into the new where those: tensions have continued at a slow, smoldering bum for centuries. year. It required exaggeration of the human capacities for violence and foolishness, that Wild Dreams we normally do not wish to acknowledge, that by laughter, movement, and song The booger masks, it is currently people could accept and come to terms with thought, came to the Cherokee from the their negativity and weakness. Iroquoian culture of the northeastern woodland tribes. This lends a hint as to the u Winter 1986-87 �rim : . Al look • mask plays ..., ippc.r IO have bcea ~and iUJICiaiaiola4 pno..-doa1,;anachronisms from a primiliwi put. Bus lookinJ one misfit sec a IOpbisaiCaled psycbolo&IW lbcnpy IO beal . ,- ..... *'ai"' ~DNA daal ~beck the QDIDIDunity and ttansform the inner demons that take shape in the world duriri1 the dadt winter months. We could extend Land Roots gradually faded away. THE BOOGER D ANCE as witnessed by Tom Underwood Tom Underwood is the proprietor of the Medicine Man Craft Shop in Cherokee, a long-time meeting-place for those interested in Cherokee Indian artwork and culture. Tom had tire rare privilege, although he did not realize it at tlte time, of being one of tlte few white people to see tlte Booger Dance performed/or healing ..... I grew up in lhe Birdtown section of the Cherokee Indian reservation. When I was growing up, my dad had the only automobile in that pan of the reservation, so he was often called upon to be ambulance, laxi, or messenger. I remember one day an urgent message came for Bird Panridge, a medicine man and a fine old fellow. I was a boy, 12 or 13 at lhe time, but I can remember it was getting dusky dark when we neared old man Partridge's house. My dad spoke a few words to a woman at the door, and she motioned up the hill behind the house. We walked up a rough sled road through the woods. It was a pretty good little climb, and when we got up there we could hear people talking and chants a'going on. We followed a trail to a clearing 40-50 feet in diameter . There was a circle of people around the perimeter of the KATUAH - page 5 dwup time from the deaceadanta o r die Henry Glassie's statement that. "The mummers (and the boogus) attacked the forces that keep people ap:m." The Cherokees and the subsistence farmers of lhe Irish countryside shared the heritage of a land-based small village culture. Both groups came under the dominance of the prevailing European industrial culture. As their societies came under auack, the conditions of life were changed, and their cultures were changed as well. The critical alteration was that, in both cases, the strong, enduring ties to the land that had nourished their people for centuries were forcibly broken by the invading culture. This was the crucial link. and when it was severed, the masks, which represented the spirits of the land, were doomed. Oppression became the primary demon that haunted these peoples, and the message of the masks changed. They spoke about the invader. They spoke about life and death in tenns the people could understand. They were so strongly rooted in the lives of the people, it took the maskings 200 years to die, but once their lifeline to the land was cut, their vitality . \'ct.dle~-lhe---. aiecblc.S . . . . . . . . tlcllC . ' ia ~ . . . two eul1*'CS meet. n. qirk ~ die .m1 •nmcn' .p1ay1 bas 4:0lne acroa IM Waler oa the ·toa1 1trands".o( And so, unfonunately, the last item that these two traditions share in common is that both are, for all practical purposes, extinguished as meaningful communication among the people. Although there are elders alive who have done lhe Booger Dance and the mummers' show, apparently the dramas are no longer in use. So it is relevant to question, "Why even write about these traditions from two culrures t hat are so distant from and so unlike each other? Why pay so much attention to old traditions that have already passed away?" It is tr ue. To study the mask traditions, the kachjnas of the Hopi Indians, which have been brought vinually intact through the time barrier of modern civilization, offer a much better subject for study. There the myth stories of the land and the e lemental beings still live in the wbite-llci.nftcd immigrantS 10 lhcir anceslOR in Europe. The booger spirits, too, lie dormant in the mountain shadows. their native home - sleeping, waiting to be aroused once again. The masks are looking for ne w fonns, for new meanings, and for a new generdtion to bring them alive . It would require only that some of lhe hu mans reconnect the vital link between themselves and the land, and the masks and the spirits they represenl would be resurrecled to chant and dance and amaze the people in the community circle once again. They are old, litera.lly "as old as the hills'', yet when lhe people call upon the masks, they will arise and come, bringing powers of invocation, communication, liberation, and delight. Resource Reading: All Silver and No Brass: Henry Glassie (Indiana University Press, Bloomington, IN) 1975 Cherokee Dance and Drama: Frank G. Speck and Leonard Broom (University of California Press, Berkeley, CA) 1951 yearly cycle of mask celebrations. clearing. In the center was a fire, and by the fire lay a person all wrapped up, obviously sick, and over him hovered another, the medicine man. I didn't see it, but I suppose the medicine man had given the pat.ient some medicine. Around this pair at the center were about 15-18 people with masks of many differenl kinds. Every one of them was covered up with blankets or old raggedy clothes, so no one could tell who they were at all. They wore all kinds of scarey masks. One was a hornets' nest - it was an old hornets' nest with the eyeholes and a breathing hole cul out. Most of the masks were faces cut out of wood. The m:tsked figures were dancing in a circle around the medicine man and the sick person at the fire. All of them were chanting. I knew the medicine man was old Bird Panridge, even though a mask covered his entire face. That went on for a little while, until a few of them noticed us, and then every bit of it just quit. My daddy stated his business and said that someone had an emergency. maybe it was a death in the family, and that he would carry the person back down. The people in the circle never moved another peg until we got out of lhe clearing and over the hill. As we walked down the hill, I could hear them taking up the chanl again. That was the only time I ever actually saw the Booger Dance performed in sincerity like it was done a long time ago. I was just a boy, but I remember it very vividly. My interest in it at the time was very casual, but later l became much more interested as I began to read and talk with other people. Masks were used in other ceremonies as well, but the booger masks were usually thought of as scarey masks. I have one at home I've had for 50 years. My father acquired it. It is very, very scarey-looking. ~ 100-year-otd mask by famed Cherokee mask-maker Will West Long Winter 1986-87 �. ~LL SPtC~tS DAY by Marnie Muller Ahead of the pageant, each person is asked to choose a plant or animal that they feel closest to, that they would like to represent at the celebration. Then there are mask-making sessions with a great deal of storytelling going on during this time about how individual creatures have helped the Earth and how many indigenous peoples have regarded the Eanh as the sacred being that it is. There are also stories of the interdependence of all life. "For more than 99 percent of human history, the world was enchanted and [humans] saw (themselves] as an integra l part of it. The complete reversal or this perception in a mere four hundred years or so has destroyed the continuity of the huma n experience and the integrity of the human psyche. It has ver y nearly wrecked the planet as well. The only hope, or so it seems to me, lies in a reenchantment of the world. Morris Berman In his book The Reenchantment of the World, Morris Berman explores the possibility of reawakening the integral or participating consciousness of the human psyche through a rich, sensual, ecological perspective of the world around us. This visceral, int.ellcctual, full re-understanding of the human connection with all life allows a deeper, more ttuthful perception of our "place" in the universe and in the specific place we inhabit An exciting educational project which nurtures this sense of "reenchantment" rooted in an ecological base is The All Species Day Project. Successful as a school curriculum activily or as a full-blown community pageant , All Species Day has provided both children and adults with an opportunity to celebrate and become the myriad species of plants and animal that co-inhabit _the place where we live. A_n All Species Day event usually Ulcludes a parade, dramanc presentations, storytelling, displays and a 'Creature Congress'. The Congress is a rime when each person who has represented a species can speak for or perform on behalf of that species. During this time, species may dialogue with each other in improvisational ways and can make requests or pleas, for example to humans. The Congress is a rime for all the species to convene and share a common vision of the world with each other and to speak to each other about the region they inhabit They can speak of its beauty and wealth but they can also speak of problems they as a species may face. All Species Day may also include a potluck picnic and music and games as well. With mask-making, movement and sound as well as storytelling, drama and dance, the many plants and animals and lifeforms that inhabit our world are able to "visit" and share with us their stories and visions. The bear, the hawk. the rainbow trout.... the cougar, the chickadee, the tunle... the ginseng, the willow, the chestnuL..all can come join in the festivities. KATUAH ·page 6 "All Species Day offers an educational fest ival in which ecological r eality is brought to life through a n organic, animistic celebration wher e the ancient, mimetic sense of identifying with plants and a nimals is playfully enacted in mask-making, parade, storytelling and drama." -Amy Hannon The mask-making itself is full of fun and creativity..and ingenuity. Some masks are made out of "found" materials such as bark... while others are fashioned from wood or gourd...and others from baling wire and paper mache..or cloth or clay. Some paint their masks very "realistically" while others superimpose images onto the face of the mask of things that remind one of the creature.. .for example, the trout mask may have a rushing stream pass across its face. Also, costumes may be made ...and the same motif may be used ... with clouds painted on the back of the eagle. Each person is given the opportunity to become Winter 1986-87 �familiar with the sounds, movements and feelings of the lifeform they are to represenL They are encouraged to caw as a crow or sway as a willow or chauer as a jay. It is suggested that their dreams at night may be helpful in getting them more in rune with their choice. In terms of originally selecting which animal or plant they want to be, it is always helpful to first go on a field trip... to a wild place... .leuing everyone "slow down" and take a deep breath...and listen to the sounds around them. Lemng them close their eyes and relax ...and settle in to the place where you are helps to encourage a time for daydreaming or reverie. It is in this kind of 'slowed down ' time that a choosing of "who to represent/ who to be" can best happen. After each person selects their totem animal or plant or lifeform, it is helpful, then, to consider the species' relationship with the place where you are...the water, the air, the wind, the sun, the night, the other plants and animals. If it seems appropriate, everyone may be ready to "practice" becoming/being their lifeform....through sounds, movement, and imagination. Afler masks and costumes are made and time is spent getting prepared, it is then time for the celebration. It can be a one-classroom event, a whole school event or an entire city pageant. It can be splashy with full media coverage...or it can be more intimate and less fuss. All Species Day celebrations began in the early l 970's and are now beginning to crop up in communities around Turtle Island (Nonh America). The All Species Project, located in Santa Fe, NM, assists groups and communities in setting up an AU Species Day in their locale. This non-profit, educational corporation offers several packets of materials and information: Packet #I (sample press release, sample poster, calendar listing, public service announcement, and mayor's proclamation) cost: $7 ; Packet #2 (suggested songs, some bibliography, short theater pieces, and information on sets, materials.and costume making) cost: $10 ; Packet #3 ( Newsletter/poster of recent events) cost: $5. The address /telephone: The AU Species Project 1349 Cerro Gordo Santa Fe, NM 87501 (505) 982-2768 About All Species Day "We have to bring back the animals and plants, and we have to do it through the children. I've been looking for this for a while." - Roberta Blackgoat Big Mountain Navajo Elder • cononucd on next page KATUAH - page 7 �~LL Sf£C~tS D~Y in Greenville NC " Self-unfolding, self-educating for the sheer joy of it ...The students were inspiring the teachers with enthusiasm. 'This is what teaching is au about', a teacher told me." -Amy Hannon All Species Day Coordinator for Greenville, NC All Species Day 1985 Greenville, NC Site: Sadie Sa ulter Elementa ry School, Green ville,NC Scale: School-wide Inspired by the Santa Fe, NM All Species Project , Amy Hannon, a parent of three, initiated this effort at her children's school in Greenville, NC. The event was endorsed by the school principal, the Enrichment Program director and the school librarian as well as others. It was a day-long, school-wide celebration. Each student chose 10 be a plant or animal and studied itS habitat, behavior and ecological relationships. Several classes focused on the sea and others on lhe coastal plain as a habitat. In the hallways and classrooms, there were 16 "centers" set up for students to visit School projects included murals, models, poems, displays, dioramas, and puppet show s. There were games, including tbe Food Web game, as well as storytelling. Students dressed in their plant and animal masks and costumes paraded around the school, singing. ALL All Species Day 1986 Greenville, NC Site: River Park North, G reem ille, NC Scale: Are:a-wide Enthused by the wonderful reception of "All Species" at Sadie Saulter Elcmenmry School, Amy Hannon felt that it would be good 10 expand All Sp ecies Day imo a communiiy-wide event. She contacted the director of Greenville Parks & Recreation who liked the idea very much and offered River Parle North. In addition, she gained the support of the Pamlico-Tar River Foundation, and the local chapters of the Sierra Club and The League of Women Voters. By applying to the NC Humanities Commiuee, Amy was able to procure a SP£Ct£S D..ty In a ll the world or living creatures (birds a nd fish, mammals and insects, algae and fungi, trees & flowers, etc.) AC'J'LV'L'TY grant to fund storytelling, mask-making and drama activities for the Day. She also contacted a number of school and community organizations working with youth groups who might like 10 set up displays. etc. The result: A tremendous success! All S pecies Day 1986 took place on Saturday, May 3rd. Many species themselves attended the festival: Carolina Raptor Center brough t a Golden Eagle, Barn Owl, Great Homed Owl, Red-tailed Hawk and Kestrel; the River Park's nature center had a community of tunics living in the touch tank including Spotted Turtle, Painted Turtle, Musk Tunle and Yellowbelly Slider; the NC Museum of Na tural History's outreach program brought a variety of snakes; a display prepared by a representative of the US Soil Conservation Service included a dozen perennial grasses. The trees and wildlife of the Park were also present . The day was filled with narure walks, storytelling, displays, and games as well as the celebration itself. There was a parade with the sound of drum beat and flute ...and then an improvisational drama, "The Parliament of Critters". Amy describes the day: " Animals and their powers came to light in stories told to small groups all day long under the shade of a large Loblolly Pine. Tunic. Whale, Rabbit, Fox, Crow and Mouse spoke through the mouths of s1orytellers ...Each story invited the humans present to entertain the world from a bird's eye view, as it were, or perhaps a whale's. "The next step in the magic of A ll S p ecies Day was to move from the enchantment of hearing stories to actively assuming the perspective of a non-human species by wearing masks or face and body paint, representing the creatures. In preliterate societies it is serious busrncss to discover the animals in one's soul. Elaborate ceremonies and endurance-testing vision quests prepare the way before one can wear the symbol of Eagle or Bear, Salmon or Wolf. At All Species Day it was largely a children's game save for some mature humans who would not have all playfulness relegated only to children." - continued on page 22 1J01UGSK££'J 3) How long has your species lived on Ea rth? choose one you would like to represent for AU Species Day. My choice is:_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ (common name) (scientific name) 4) Describe your acti vities as the seasons cha nge from spring to s ummer, fa ll and winter. (If your life s pan is shorter than a year, describe your life cycle.) belonging to the _ ..pl...,.a... l......... nt.., a n jm,....a!...__ kingdom. (circlt ont) For the rest of this worksheet play the game: " If I were a " using the plant or anima l you have chosen, and tell about yourself. 5) What is your place in the food web? (What food do you eat? Who eats you?) 6) Is your species in danger of ex tinction? If so, tell why: 1) Describe yourself. (Your colors, your size, your s pecial features, your voice, etc.) 2) Where do you live? (Continent, geographical region, habitat.) 4 KATUAH ·page 8 - 7) When all the other plants a nd anima ls, including the humans, gather at the Parliament of Critters on All Species Day to talk to one another, what would you like to say or do? - - ; " ' ' .. Winter 1986-87 �catkin, hair, scarab, pear, redwood, ragweed, lousewort, bear, willow, leek, ear and cheek, euglena, spirolina, talon and beak, raven, hemlocks, ginseng, volvox, stinkbug, rosebud, black widow, hollyhocks, bluegill and kiwi vine, chestnut and pinion pine, dolphin, sunflower, chinquapin and human kind, sagebrush, endosperm, nectarine, arctic tern, onions, grunions, date palm, bracken fern, orchid, grouse, sumac, mouse, rhubarb, baobab, lotus, louse, lupine, lizard, fin and gizzard, phylum, xylem , trout and wizard, wolf and whale, nettle, quail, earthworm, sycamore, nutmeg, nightingale, elephant's eye, comfrey, rye, hawk's wing, trillium, thistle, thigh, gland, goose, bark, spruce, panther, anther, apple, moose, buzzard, knee, navel, pea, goat's horn, amaranth, beaver, bumblebee, mushroom, fig, termite, pig, oyster, violet, pigeon, maple twig, joe pye weed, alder seed, coyote, bluejay, parsley and river reed, cannabis, petiole, oak tree, blue cheese mold, salamander, rattlesnake, blackgum and oriole, large-mouth bass and lemongrass, coral, laurel, sorrel, and sassafrass Everyone who lives and breathes With hide or feathers, scales or leaves We invoke ourcellves in total range To bring about the needed change Poem by Will Ashe Bason KATUAH - page 9 Winter 1986-87 �A Katuah Conversation with a Cherokee native. Here a re his words about getting in touch with each other, our world, and our own selves: It seems to me that human beings probably do the worst job of communicating of all other species on the planet. We can't even communicate with one another. We still have wars and such..... People who are sensitive and conscious of the environment want to develop some kind of communication with plants and animals. Since they're so stuck in the mode of~. they try to communicate with plants and talk with plants on that level. Our relationship with the rest of the planet, though, is~ in most cases, and so the communication has to come through .thnl level, not a verbal sort of thing. The human inability to communicate well with other plants and animals comes from the fact that many of us have separated ourselves from the very environment that provides for us, living instead in an artificial, controlled environment. We ~ in houses instead of using housing just as shelter. When people are so completely self-oriented and out of touch with themselves, it's hard to communicate with plants and animals. I had an experience when l was about founccn. There weren't very many roads around where I lived. I was visiting a friend who lived two mountains over. There was a well-used trail going over there. Everybody had traveled it for years and years; it was like a super-highway of trails. I'd crossed this trail a hundred times - it was real familiar to me. One time, it was dusk, "long shadow time", and coming down the trail, all of a sudden I started to feel cold chills. I was feeling something. The farther l went down the trail, the more scared I got. All my instincts said to me: "Don't go any farther, there's something down there that's going to hurt you, don't go any farther." I ttied to push it a little bit more, but then I just turned before I panicked. I walked away very quickly, and it seemed that the farther I got away from that place, the better I got. By the time I had come down the trail a couple of hundred yards, I felt just fine. Then my rational mind came over and said: "You're just imagining all this." And I turned around and started back. The same thing happened to me again. So this time I went back and took another trail and everything was just fine. Later on that night I came back through the traiL It was dark, but nothing happened. I never again had that experience, that fceling ...and I was looking for it when I came back through. Well, when I got back home. I sat down and talked to my grandfather about il, and he said that the plants had been ta!Jdng to me. They had been communicating with me in a spiritual sort of sense. He said that when we're KATUAH- page 10 in harmony with things and meeting our responsibiltties as human beings towards the other things, that the other forms of life would be in communication with us all the time. Things are coming to us all the time, but if we are so self-indulgent within ourselves, focussing only on our own ideas and thoughts, we block out everything else. He said it all goes back to the separation ...our original sin is separation ....and that the more people can hook into the Great Life, the more control they will have over their lives, and the more ability they will have, not only to communicate, but also to listen. That was one of my first experiences communicating with green things. Since then, throughout my life, things like that have happened to me. I have walked in the woods at night and have stopped and had something reach out and touch me and I'd look behind me and there would be nothing there. Then something would touch me again, and I would look around and sec that it was a limb from a tree. Now, my rationalization would say that the wind had blown it and knocked it down ..... Leaming to Communicate My grandfather said every child should have a dog, and I said, "Why, just because they're neat? " And he said, "No, it's a way for a young child to learn to communicate without talking." Even though dogs can't talk, they'll let their needs be known, and so children can learn how to communicate with them without talking. Winter 1986-87 �When we communicare, it's imponant to pay attention, to listen and to be conscious of aJl the communicating that is going on. It takes practice. In this culture, communication isn't valid unless it's words. Someone may be communicating a message with all their being, but when somebody else begins to act upon that communication, the first person starts dropping back and denying that they said that. It creates mixed messages. It happens all the time, because we don't see that wider kind of communication as reliable, trustworthy, and valid. Animals like the dog species all communicate with their noses. Everything's coming in that way. I was watching a herd of deer the other day. They use their noses and their eyes...and they use signals. The female of the species flags, throws her tail up and waves it up and down, and no one even considers discussing it, you know, like "what'd you see?". They all leap and are gone, right now. Signals..... As a boy I used to huni squirrels with a blow gun. The nice thing about the blow gun is you could miss a squirrel two or three times and it would not even know you were shooting at i1. My hair was always long then, and when they'd catch me or see me, I would make a chattering noise with my lips and grab my pony tail and shake it up and down, flipping it. Their response might have been fear at first when they saw me, but I did the right signals, and they stopped and we just went back and forth at one another. hollering and waving our tails. It would get to the point where I couldn't even shoot the animal because we'd developed this communication, this relationship--even if it was a little hostile on his pan because he wanted me to get the heck out of his territory. All of our hunting skills are from observation and imitation of animals who are good hunters. That's where it all starts. We've probably learned more from animals than we have from each other. Imitation, though, is not a very well-accepted thing in the dominanc culture. Everybody wants to be original, and they won't admit that they admire or wish to take on certain traits. The Plant Spirits It's our custom when we collect plants 10 give thanks and 10 wait 'til the fourth one before we pick the species we're looking for. And if it's a medicine plant, we circle it. Someone can have lived in the mountains all bis life and never found ginseng, although he has looked for it lots of times. Then, finally, one day he may find it. My people say it was hiding from him. One time I went into the mountains with some people that I was to show herbs to, and I wasn't doing it in the right way. I should have stopped and explained how to collect them. They were interested in ginseng, so I took them to this particular place, because I had found ginseng there lots of times - an incredible amount of times. It was like my "sure" place to find it. r went there, and we walked up and down that whole mountainside and never found ~plant. Well, three days later my daughter came to me and said, "I wane to find some ginseng, I've never found any". So we did all the right things that we should do, and then we went out to the same place, and ginseng was everywhere. It was a sunny, fall day, warm and beautiful, but suddenly there was a wild crack of thunder. I was still overwhelmed by that when my daughter said, "Dad, here's a ginseng plan1." And that was her first one. I think attitude is important. If you go into the mountains or the woods or the forest and you have a "grabs-all" type attitude, where you're there to exploit and there's no feeling, you may find some stuff, but you ~ will be successful. And if you're using it for medicine, it may not work for you. You know what I mean. The problem sometimes is tha1 people close themselves off. They have c lear, defined lines of what reality is within !hemselves. Some people are so strong about that, they inflict u on other people as rules and such. So when 1hey hear soo:icthing that is outside of their ordinary "reality", ii doesn't register. The western philosophy is almost desi~ned to separate a p~rson from their environment. II is a war against the environment. Look at what's happened since industrialization. Western culture has changed the whole face of the Earth, and it is destroying many of the plants and animals. With that atcitude, it's hard to communicate with plants .and animal~. The crux of the whole thing is separauon. And until someone can come back and get in couch with what's around them, it will be difficult to have a right attitude. The whole thing all comes down to the fact that there's only one equation and that's ONE. There's only ONE. And we're all pan of that ONE. We're not separated from it. People suffer from intellectual separation - they're not Wl1J.x separated, but they have a strong~ that they're separated. The artitude of 'individualism' puts one at war against their environment. So, it starts again. Everything starts from where you're at. And so to get in touch with the environment, you've got to get 2lll there, first of all. You've got to start wilh yourself. And you've got to start serving, being a servant You've got to help your own species in what ways you can. All these things will chip away that 'individualism'. Trust, absolute trust, is what's needed. Y'know, I've extended myself a lot in my life and been whupped down, crushed, and badly hun. Well, there was a point when I said, "I'm not going to do that anymore." ~n~ ~o I t?~ that tactic a while. I started becoming more 10d1v1dualisnc, and then I sraned to get more self-oriented. I just didn't like the way all those things felt; I felt an emptiness and a loneliness that I had never felt before. Then I sat down and thought, "Well, it's better to extend myself and be hurt than to feel this emptiness." So what I'm saying in a simple way is: first of all, stan extending yourself...not in a suicidal son of way, though. When your flags go up, when lhe bushes say "Get the heck out of here" - listen. Or pull back to a point where you can see that you're safe. and then act. But it all starts with "self" and trust - and getting out there and looking at plants and bushes and animals and seeing how they live their lives. Start looking at your fellow humans. Stan listening to what they say. And then stan ruyfilg. And then, all of a sudden, a plant is going to reach out and snatch you, stretch out it's limbs and wrap them around you or something. Or you may go for walk in the woods and ~et lost, and confounded •. when all of a sudden something Jerks you and drags you nghc ou1. Then you will know that the Earth has spoken to you. Because the Earth is not dead· it's alive. Everything is alive. / KATUAH - page 11 vi Winter 1986-87 1lAv 11\A =>(!i>q • �(.1l131N What do horse logging, learning disabilities, and the Sweetie Pie Bake-off all have in common? Answer: They are all classes and evencs offered as part of Cabin Fever University. Cabin Fever You is dedicated to the proposition "that all seasons were not created equal and that wQJ1llth and light gin be found in mid-winter". If you are looking to find that warmth and light....read on! The idea for Cabin Fever University came from Dick Kennedy, a resident of the Cclo Community near Burnsville, NC. Dick had participated in a similar project in Detroit, Ml called "Open City". The basic principle in both organizations is to facilitate neighbors coming together to share skills, ideas, laughs, philosophies, food, and music. All the courses at Cabin Fever U. are free unless someone's professional skills and/or materials are needed. One of the many positive benefits of the program is that it promotes a feeling of unity within the community during the winter months when it is needed most Seven years ago when Dick Kennedy staned CFU, he bad to work hard to get 20 or 30 listings for that year. Now that most people in the Celo area and others throughout Yancey and Mitchell counties know about the program, the work is much easier, and the catalog has 80-90 listings each year. To organize the Cabin Fever curriculum now, volunteers begin in November to gather the listings from their KATIJAH- page 12 DNIV€~SICY neighbors and to print the catalog. Peggy Tibbits, John Pence, Miki Rolett, Douie Morgan, and Joanne Hodshon call all the people who held classes last year and ask them what they would like to offer this year. Any new families who have moved into the area are asked to panicipate also. Each person making calls is responsible for scheduling a two week period of time. Once all the calling has been completed, the schedule is checked for conflicts. The catalog is then copied on Dick Kennedy's copying machine. The entire job of producing the catalog - including calling, typing, layout, copying, and collating - can be completed within a total time of 25 hours. They are sold for $0.75 each. Jn 1985 150 catalogs were distributed. The classrooms for Cabin Fever You are the homes of the people who offer each course. All arrangements are made direclly with the "faculty person" leading the course. There are usually limits placed on the number of panicipants allowed in each class. Everyone in the Cclo area knows who are the best cooks in the community, so places at cooking classes are filled quickly! The kitchen and dining room at the Arthur Morgan School are used to host the Dreams Die Hard Diner every New Year's Day. Robin Dreyer opens for business at 9 a.m. as a New York City diner complete with hot coffee, bagels, eggs, and an occasional bag lady. Sometimes the classroom is under the wide-open sky as in the moonlight walk 10 Crabtree Falls offered by Sue and Lyle Snider. Other events include printing on clay with Catherine Brown, Contra and Square Dancing (with live music and callers), and Bad Food Night with Jan and Beth Plummer - a potluck gathering featuring the likes of macaroni and cheese, frozen pizzas, and Boone's Farm wine. The course offerings for CFU are a blend of serious studies and frivolous fun. If someone cannot find something in the catalogue that sparks their interest, they must be seriously devoted to staring at the fire in the wood stove during the winter. lf you do not live in Yancey or Mitchell counties, you can stan a Cabin Fever University in your own community. Basically, all it requires is one person to generate some interest in the project and a small investment of money 10 produce the catalog. Almost everyone knows a dozen people. Call them and find out what their interests are and what classes or events they would be willing to offer. Usually people are more than willing to get involved, and oftentimes they have been waiting for the opponunity 10 arrive. You would be surprised what your friends, people you have known - or thought you have known for a long time, are into. If you have any questions about CFU or are interested in staning a similar project. call Dick Kennedy at (704) 675-5286. - by Martha Overloc~ Winter 1986-87 �sequence: fire sequence: dream and winging the wind against the fog sailing across the silence below; into the vision and the atoms shirt and the stars re-align and the fog forms fractions I the tea still gets cold before I've drunk it. the heart's song resounds across the winds of time there is no broken heart there is love that is given through the shell that refuses the circle of love is bigger than any wall of hate. love is the loudest song of all the path of love is like the mountain trail; stony, steep, with many ups and downs and getting from one place to the other that are only a few steps across the gulf, but are many miles through reality. and after the traveler has walked his last few steps and has one last prayer to whisper one prays that the path has led a full circle to return from whence he came to end as he began a child created through love "the path of love is like the mountain trail.. ... " Poems by Oliver Loveday • and should we have a moment to turn and reflect no thought would be given to the trail blister or the skinned knee, nor the moments of doubt and confusion. time spent in the valley would leave memories of the tall trees, the bright flowers, the laughter of children, and the cool, clear stream. and the high points would be moments of solitude and freedom of far ranging vision and thoughts. of seeing the eagle in flight catching the first rays of the morning sun and feeling the wind from far above. sure the weary traveler would have a limp with slumped shoulders and a wind much too short to let his laughter run its full course but there would be a twinkle in his eye and a marked space in between his words that only the fire of love could possess. and there would be a strength in his manner of one who has run his course, remained firm to his choice even when lhe path ran the razor-sharp ridge top, when it would have been easier to tum back to the lush son forest floor below. the traveler has his moment of rest at the end of a race well run. but when asked to run the next; a longer, harder trail. the choicer stands to say yes and then is on his way not even a glance backward. sequence: love. yes. tonight, the path is well-lit by a moon so bright it dims the stars and reflects the clouds of steam billowing from my nostrils. As I drop into the cove the air becomes colder, crisp, clear, snapping with the intensity of ice; but the only sound I hear is my own motion. the cabin fire warms me as I recall the walk down. Its hissing name breaks the silence as smells of roast apple enters my senses like the incense of a meditating Buddha. I relax and listen to the clock reminding me of my humanity while my time is measured by the sound of boiling water for tea. I breathe and feel my blood rushing through my body like a million dreams cutting through the silence. I smile as I lay down my pen to listen closer. Outside a rabbit pauses in the frost to curse the dogs and the Full Moon. KATUAH-page 13 Winler 1986-87 �Keeping Warm in Winter: Homeless in Katuah All creatures need shelter ... a home...a nest. As human creatures become more and more dependent on the urban economy, they become removed or abstracted from the means to preserve their own survival. No longer is it easy for a human creature to be "native" with the earth... to find shelter and gather food to keep alive. One usually has 10 rent or own "propeny" which may include a house or apartment. No longer are community wells or water sources available... usually one must "pay" for the use of that very basic many plant closings around here; others never had a job to lose, nor the training to get one. This brief look at this issue is presented in hopes that a more humane, viable, life-centered economy can be developed in this locale and in this region. The human "systems" here are not working as well as they could ...families should nor be financially forced off their farms ... productive industries need to be regionally owned so there is less chance of multination,al-type plant closings... more cooperative small businesses need 10 be encouraged to start up in order 10 provide steady employment. .. and on and on. Our human "systems" need to be re-designed to ensure right livelihood for .i!.11 inhabitants of this area. People who are homeless do not so much need our sympathy but more our empathetic push towards looking at new/old ways in which our human community can live comfonably and gently within this land called Katuah. At present, the three people interviewed here are using the facilities of the Laurentine Shelter in Asheville, NC run by volunteers and the Asheville-Buncombe Community Christian Ministries. Other shelters in this locale include the Western Carolina Mission, the Salvation Army Emergency Lodge and a newly forming independent shelter, the Hospitality House which hopes to be able to accommodate people during the day as well as evenings. At present, uhere are not enough facilities to meet the needs of the homeless people in Asheville. Here is the transcript of the interview: element One may be fonunate enough to grow a garden but often it only supplements one's or one's family's diet. The truth is... much of survival in the city requires money-quite a lot of it. The following is an interview with three men in their 40's and 50's who grew up here in the KatU'ah region who have no shelter of their own to call home--no nest, nor economic niche. Two of them grew up in the country. For one of them, the city expanded into the 'country' thus he became urbanized by just staying put Another could not make it by living in the country, so moved into town. This interview is a glimpse into their stories and their lives. There are many more people like them, men and women, who too are homeless in this region. Some have lost their means of livelihood because of the KATUAH - page 14 K: Are you from around here? AM: I grew up here in Asheville near Oteen. K:What about your family; are they around here? AM: I have a mother living here now but I can't live with her because she lives in one of those low-income housing, so I'm out. [Katiiah checked with the Housing Authority and found that only families, the elderly and the handicapped are eligible to apply for housing assistance. Single adults-male or female-are not eligible to apply for any housing. A family can be any two or more blood relatives living together, so under that category AM. could apply for him and his elderly mother to live together as a "family"; however, there is a waiting list. -Ed.J K: When you were growing up, did you live in town or out in the country? JG: Where we lived was out in the country, still in Buncombe County, though. K: Did y'all do any farming? JG: Oh Lord, yes. All the time. Me and my grandmother and granddaddy. K: Was it tobacco fanning? JG: No, just com and other food. K: Did you sell any of it or just grow it for your own use? JG: Mainly, for our own use. We canned it and used it ourselves. 'Had to back in them days. K: Can you share with us why you feel that you need to use the Shelter. JG: I was born and raised here in this coun~ and you can't find a job nowhere. K: Have you tried to find if there is any kind of govemment way for you to get housing? JG: Well, I don't have no income and you have to have an income before you can do anything like tha1. [Recently, the Housing Authority has begun to accept applications for people who have no income. However, unfortunately, JG is not eligible to apply because he is a single individual. -Edi K: So, there's no way that the government will help you to get housing? JG: No. I know it doesn't sound right. Winter 1986-87 �K: Have you been offered any possibility for a work training program? JG: No. I do know how to do bnckwork, but I haven't been able to get work doing that. [There is a training progmm available in the area under the federal Job Training Partnership Act, administered by the county. -Ed.] K: Did you grow up in this area? DJ: Yes. In Asheville, right in town. K: What has been your experience with getting work-with getting by? DJ: I haven't done much work at all in my life, not at all. I've sold clothes. worked in bars and banks. That's about it. A liule bit of construction. I'm a diabetic and an epileptic. I'm trying to get the disability. That's why I cannot work at all. K: Do you apply for disability through Social Services? DJ: Yes. For what good it does, I really couldn't tell you. K: How is it going? DJ: Well, I was just turned down for the second time. The first time it took me basically about six months to even hear from anybody. And I had at that time, the first time, only one doctor who said I should not work. And now this time, I had three different doctors that told me I should not work. And it took them about three months to say 'no', again. So, now I am going to appeal it, this time. Without the shelter, really and truly I have no idea of what I could have done. My parents are divorced. My dad remarried and he just recently rnoved back to the area. But he doesn't even like to say hello. My mother, she's basically in the same situation as JG's mother. She's lives in low income housing ... in Atlanta. My mom, she and I get along very, very well but I only get to sec her about once every two months because of the regulations there about family visitntion. DJ: This area is a terrific place in the summer but it sure gets cold in the winter. K: What are the hours that you can be at U1e Sheller? DJ: Pretty much 6:30 in the evening til 6:30 in the morning. K: Well, in winter, what do you do? DJ: Just try basically to know somebody, where you could go. What I've been doing I go down to [a fast-food restaurant] and I am lucky enough that they don't ask me to leave. K: It seems your choices are very limited. DJ: I'm afraid a lot of days are like that. K: Did you grow up in this area? JM: Up in Madison County, out in the country. K: That's beautiful land up that way. JM: Yeah, it's nice if you can make it. Some folks go up as far as Tennessee for work. K: All the way to Tennessee? JM: Yeah, most of them do. You know, the ones who've got steady jobs. Most of them just farm down there. K: Are there people who just stay and try to hang on by the skin of their teeth? JM: Yeah, a lot of lhem. K: Do you think they're getting enough food and keeping warm enoogh? JM: Well, some of 'em is and some of 'em ain't I guess. A lot of 'em sleep in old junk cars. K: Do any of them h:l\e land themselves? JM: No, they're just out on the street. K: Is there any place up that way where people can spend the night? JM: No, they don't have a shelter up that way. K: Are there any ch urches that informally offer people an option? JM: I don't think there are. K: Are there any seasonal jobs available to these folks? JM: Yeah, chere're some jobs lhere in the summenime. But it's like around here in the wintertime, there just ain't nothing. K: Well, what do people do in \~inter? JM: They just do the best they can. There'rc not lhat many really there, you know, most of them are here in Asheville. K: How many folks do you know that came from Madison who need a place to live? JM: Well, there's quite a few. There's a lot of them around here and there's a lot of them down in Greenville, SC. They just stay around that mission down there as long as they can. "You set there, you stay warm. If you've got money to buy a cup of coffee or something, why it's alright. If you don't, they'll run you off." K: What's your story? Did you used to do fanning? JM: Yeah, we raised tobacco and stuff like that. My daddy worked for the Southern Railroad and we done farming and raised tobacco, com and stuff like that. We sold the tobacco and the other was garden vegetables that we used. K: Did your family stay up in Madison? JM: No, my brother and sister both moved to South Carolina. K: What do you think needs to happen here in the Asheville area in te rms of this need for housing? JM: I'd like to see them open up another shelter so we can get some more people off lhe street 'cause if it wasn't for the Shelter I'd be out on the street myself. The Shelter is one of the best things that happened here in Asheville. K: What do you do in winter? Do you have to figure out how to keep warm from 6:30 in the morning til the evening, too? JM: I sure do. Well, through the week it's not too bad 'cause , you know, things open up pretty early. Now, on the weekends, there ain't a thing to do. K:Hmrnmm. JM: You know, you can't go in no cafe if you ain't got no money to buy nothing. If they don't sell you nothing, they're going to run you out. DJ: They don't appreciate that. Even at the fast food resrourant I was talking about. JM: Yeah, they don't appreciate it if you go in there and just set. You set there, you siay warm. If you've got money to buy a cup of coffee or something, why it's alright If you don't, they'll run you off. K: What do you think wo uld be good, particularly through the wintertime... would you appreciate if there was a place, sav, a church social hall, wher e you could. be during the day...even have projects to work on there? JM: Yeah, that would be a good thing. For people who ain't got no place to go during the day. K: If there were projects the.re, what would you like to see there? JM: Mainly, woodworking. JG: Yeah, that'd be a good lhing. DJ: Sure would. K: When you moved to town from Madison, did you have work for a while? JM: Yeah, I worked last summer. K: What were you doing? JM: I stayed at lhe Mission down there [in Asheville) last summer and people called in there and wanted you to come out and work. I worked just about every day. K: Now this was at the Mission and people would call up there? JM: They'll let you work, you know, about three days a week. They split it up between everybody, so everybody gets a little bit of it. Mainly, that comes through the employment security office. K: How long have you been in the county here? JM: Well, off and on for the last 15 years. K: Before the mission was around, where did you go? JM: Well, mostly, 'fore they built that mission I was working down in Greenville, SC. You know, I had a preuy good job down there and I could afford an apanment and everything. But now, l ain't got nothing. K: What work were you doing down there? JM: Construction work. And I've worked in a lot of mills, too, you know, cotton mills. K: And then, what happened to the work, did it dry up? JM: Yeah, they just started laying people off, you know. They just kept the ones who'd been there the longest. - continued on page 23 photos by Mamie Muller KATUAH - page 15 \\linter 1986-87 �the w Lloyd C Survfrol ofthe Clans 'This speaks of relationships, who our kinfolk are. The names of the seven clans translate into the seven parts of the world." Tsali's Wife 'That woman is the center of the piece. All to do with the matriarchal society. 'The strength of the woman: how strong she can endure. She knows the dongers. She kno1 than tlie male's. You ca11't break her down." Tsali's Wijj The Family 'The mother, the father, the child. The mother's hand of control, of survival, is close to the child. They learn from her. The moving lines tie it all together, but the same themes move through all my carvings. It's hard to speak of one carving separate from the rest, because the ideas appear in one fonn or another in all the different carvings." �rR of · rl Owle Releasing the Spirit of tlze Stone 'There's something in chat rock, and once I carve it, and you can see it, the spirit is released." life is going on around her. It must have something How she can take care of the children, and how she 1ow to go on. Her system in a lot of ways is stronger I Tribute to Those Who Have Died 'The person is just barely there. Just a whisper, or a touch, or a mention that she is there in the scone." �- -- Each line from the solar panel must have a gate valve installed as close to the tank as possible. A boiler drain valve must be installed at the bottom of the solar panel. Finally, a vacuum breaker must be installed at the top of the panel. by Avrarn Friedman Did you know lhat more than half lhe electricity consumed by the average American household is used to heat water? If people employed alternative methods of heating wacer, such as solar energy or wood heat, there would be no rationale for the continued use of nuclear energy which supplies only about 12% of the nation's elecnicity. Unfortunately, many solar hot water systems on the market today are "active" systems which depend on some external source of energy to operate and which use electronically operated pumps, sensors, valves, controllers and elaborate networks of piping which leave homeowners in awe and bewilderment. It is not uncommon for such systems to remain inoperative for weeks, months, or forever, because repair work requires so much technical expertise. But solar energy systems do not have to be expensive and complex. If the user is willing to play a small active role, the system can be totally passive and all the fancy gadgets can be eliminated. This article will outline how a virtually maintenance-free system can be constructed inexpensively. Basic Principles This type of system is called a "thermosiphon". It requires that the bottom of the water storage tank be located at least 18" above the beat source. In this case there will be two sources of heat: a wood stove and a solar collector. This system can provide 100% of a household's hot water needs. Since cold water is more dense, it falls to the bottom of the system, displacing the less dense hot water to the top of the tank. The cold water continually returns to the bottom where it gains heat and rises to lhe top, etc. As more heat is added, the tank "builds down" with hot water. Components The major components of the system arc a wood stove, a hot water collector, a 40 gallon hot water tank. and copper tubing. Before any construction begins, a diagram of the system should be shown ro the local plumbing inspector. S/he can give you valuable pointers and steer you away from possible dangers. Most inspectors are glad to help. The Tank Any available hor water tank can be adapted to use in this system. It is best to use a new tank to be assured that it will last for a good while. Look for a tank that has at least two outlets on top. The side outlets are for the thennosiphon loop pipes. The top outlets will be used for the cold water supply and the pipe carrying hot water from the tank to the house fixtures (sinks, showers, etc.). The cold warer supply will enter the top and travel down a "dip tube" to the bottom of the tank. Most tanks already have dip tubes installed. Whenever hot water is demanded in rhe house it will come from t.he top of the tank where the water is honest, and is replaced by cold water entering through the dip rube to the bottom of the tank. Be sure to install a temperauue and pressure relief valve at the tOp ofthe rank! "Dielectric unions" at au outlets where copper pipe meets the galvanized steel tank will protect both tank and pipes from galvanic corrosion and extend the life of your system. Pipe Work The next step is to insulate all the pipes and the tank. ll is very important to maximize heat retention. Pipe insulation and hot water "blankets" arc commercially available and relatively cheap. The pipes should be secured with pipe supports, clamps, or fasteners. Make sure there is no stress on any soldered or threaded joints. Maintenana! If all work has been done carefully, the system should be virtually maintenance-free. When the sun is shining or when a fire is burning in the stove, hot water will be produced and available on tap. The only active role the user must play is 10 drain the solar collector in the fall, before freezing weather sets in, and to refill it in the spring, when all danger of freezing has passed. This can be done by the operation of the two "loop" valves and the boiler drain at the bottom of the solar collector. For more information, write: Friedman & Sun Design, Inc/ PO Box 657 Dillsboro, N.C. 28725 A PASSIVE SOLAB .\NO ~ Wood.stove Hot Water Loop Virtually any woodstove can be easily adapted into a thcrmosiphon system. There are several ways to do this, but probably the easiest way is to coil ten feet of 1/2" copper tubing and place it inside the firebox near the exhaust of the stove. This requires that a hole be drilled in the side of the srovc where the "intake" of the coil wilt enter from the bottom of the tank. In addition a hole must be drilled in the stovepipe, about 6" above the stove, where the coil exit.s and runs up to the top of the tank- This creates a "closed loop" between stove and tank. Whenever the stove is used. hot water will be produced. One thing to remember is that the pipe carrying hot water should run continuously in an upward direction and about 3" from the rop. Never loop the hot pipe above the tank and then down through the top of the HEAT HOT \o/ATEP. SV5TEM tank. Solar Loop The solar panel is connected to the tank in the identical fashion as the woodstovc. In this case the panel is the "coil" and forms a closed loop with the tank. If you are building your own solar panel, have the intake at the bottom diagonally positioned from the exit at the top. The solar panel pipes may "T' into the corresponding woodstove pipes instead of attaching directly into the tank. KATUAH - page 18 ~ . l£='= _..,..J'''~I " ) / \ \ I \ I \ Winter 1986-87 I �Homage to Prometheus: A Stovebuilder's Narrative I grew up with fireplaces and Warm Morning heaters that burned both wood and coal as a heat source during winter. As ecological concerns became popular in the late sixties, I became aware of several air-tight, fuel-efficient wood stoves that were available on the market. While they offered a solution to one problem, they were often beyond the budget of most of the community in the area where I grew up. There was also a cenain romance involved in the "back to the land" folks who wanted to be self-sufficient as much as possible, which included building their own stove or fireplace. The fireplace is considered the most inefficient means of heat, but it is unbeatable in conveying a sense of home to a space in the winter. During my college days I picked up some welding skills in sculpture class while at the same time learning a good deal about fire and heating processes in pottery classes. With lhis background, I was taking a welding course at the local vocational school when the need for a woodstove arose. This offered us the opportunity to make a stove as a class project By using as a model a wood stove made domestically based on a Finnish stove design, I developed a design for a srove that utilized one-quarcer inch steel plate, with three of the sides and the bottom lined with regular fire brick. With a baffle chamber and an air-tight door, this stove offered many advantages that appealed to my ecological attitude. While the welding process is not the most balanced of processes in the ecological spectrum, the use of salvaged steel from scrap yards and the ability to build a fuel-efficient stove that could fit into the budget of most folks more than balances this drawback. As more people in my community became aware of my stoves, there was a good deal of interest in how to improve on the design. I received a lot of practical advice and was given recent articles and books about wood stoves. The design I have developed offers a versatile stove that can be customized to fit individual needs while increasing the price of the stove by little or nothing. By using the size of a regular fire brick as the basic unit of size for the box, I am able to offer two sizes of stoves as a general idea of what I can do. Recently I was commissioned to build a large furnace using the same design with simple modifications. After building the furnace and several examples of variations on the basic design, I became interested in two new designs; one being a wood cookstove that used the firebox design and the second being a modification of the barrel stove using large pipe instead of an oil drum with its thin walls. I began the wood cookstove three years ago as a side project using whatever steel was available at the end of other projects. I spent as much time working out the design on paper as I did actually building the stove. This stove was recently completed, but I have not used it enough to be sure that a person can cook on it, bake in the oven, and still not be run out of an overly heated room. There are advantages and disadvanrages in the design, but the disadvantages should become minimal with minor alLerations. The second project proved much easier to apply. After locating a section of pipe two feet in diameter with half-inch wall thickness, I designed a stove for a friend who did truck farming for a living. He needed a stove for his greenhouse that would hold a fire all night and not bum out after one season's use. The stove more than satisfied that need. I used half-inch plate to weld a "V" to the top of the horizantally laid pipe to make a baffle chamber. With an air-tight door, the stove was fuel-efficient and easily adaptable to the space needing heat A current project is to modify my original stove design to fit in the stone work Weld a " V" of 112" plate in 2' pipe of 3/8' wall for a r ugged but effective stove of the house a friend has built. The stone was laid with vents for forced draft to generate uniform heat. We are considering separating the baffle chamber from the firebox so that the forced draft can go between them to increase the amount of BTU's available. Being an anist, I am interested in building stoves that are customized to project an individual statement for the home-owner, while remaining cost-effective and fuel-efficient I plan to explore the use of other fuels and other building materials in the future. Natural gas, while it is a non-renewable heat source, is the most practical fuel for urban residents. It would be easy to design unique, efficient stoves of salvaged pipe (cast iron sewer pipe, etc.) for this fuel. Cast earthenware clay is another material that has been largely ignored in this country in recent years. While clay would not withstand the shock of loading wood into it, it could offer a lot of versatility in design as a material for a gas stove. l have fantasies of someday starting a non-profit co-operative of stove builders to meet the needs of the community and the Earth Mother. While I would be glad to share my ideas with others, I am also aware of the need to get patents on som.e of my original designs so I could continue to use them without someone else gaining legal control over them. With all the advancement of the innovative ideas, my favorite source of heat remains the open-pit fire. I have done little to improve on this design. -Oliver Loveday KATUAH - page 19 Winter 1986-87 I ,..1; I ,;' �NATURAL WORLD NEWS LOW-LEVEL RADIOACITVE WASTE UPDATE Natural World News SCNicc In the present winter session, the srate legislature will decide whether or not Nonh Carolina will remain in the Southeast Low-Level Radioactive Waste Compact. If North Carolina chooses to remain in the compact, it wilJ receive all the low-level waste from eight states in the southeast for the next 20 years. If the legislature chooses to withdraw from the compact, the state will still need a smaller facility to accomodate its own low-level waste. State legislators and the governor arc presently saying that the pros and cons of both courses of action are being studied. An underlying assumption of the radioactive waste debate is that the nuclear induscry will continue to operate its waste generating power plants and perhaps even add new nuclear plants to the grid in the future. The debate, then, is presented 10 the public as merely one in which we decide where and how we bury the waste. The idea of limiting our waste output is not even discussed. In this case, however, the waste dump issue docs affect the source of a large pan of the waste, the nuclear power induscry. If North Carolina and other states choose to handle only their own low-level wastes, it creates a powerful incentive to minimize the waste produced. It would then become a problem each state must deal with. It could not be passed on to "the other guy". Electorates and governments would resist the construction of new nuclear power plants, and they might even press to shut down existing plants. This prospect terrifies the nuclear induscry. This is the real issue at stake. in the Compact debate. Nuclear industry lobbyists are right now twisting arms in ~eigh, causing legislators to give indirect, wIShy-washy answers to public inquiries concerning their positions on Compact m~mbership: "Right now I tend to favor withdrawal, but I'm going to wait until all the facts are in before I commit myself." lf !cgislat~rs ~ait until the legislative session is over, 1t will be too late to withdraw from the Compact. False issues are being raised to dilute the public sentiment to withdraw from the Compact. For instance, the fear is raised that "if we go it alone we'll have to accept waste from all other states", because we won't have the exclusionary clause which protects Compact members. But in reality, KATIJAH - page 20 the Low-Level RadioacLive Waste Policy Act of 1980 directs all states Lo either deal with their own waste or to join a Regional Compact. If every state complies with this federal law by 1993, there will be no one left to send waste to Nonh Carolina. It is particularly disturbing that in this process the will of the people of North Carolina is being basically ignored. The public is being "informed" of the situation and "prepared" for what is to come in the future. This is an arrogant posture for public officials to assume on an issue that the electorate is relatively well-informed about. Democratic government is only democratic if the people realize their power and exercise it. Legislators will operate under the illusion that they can ignore the p~blic until they arc proven wrong. The V 1etnam War and Watergate are examples of arrogant lawmakers learning about the power of the people in this country. le is obvious that the people of Nonh ~li~a don't want a regi~nal waste dump rn tbetr state. But to influence their legislat~rs l? act accordingly, the public will have to msntuie a popular movement which will r~nder the nuclear industry's massive lobbying effon useless. We can not just assume that the legislature will do what is best for the public. Legislators must be made to realize that their political lives depend on voting to withdraw from the Compact. Citizens for a Choice on Nuclear Waste (CCNW) has been circulating a p~tition statewide demanding either withdrawal from the Compact or a binding referendum on the issue. To dare over 5000 signatures have been collected on the petition, and it has been supponed by 20 legislative candidates. This is a good start but it is not nearly enough. ' All concerned people need to get into action again, quickly. Circulating this petition is just one of the iasks that needs to be done. Legislators need to be called written, and confronted directly. Publi~ demonscrations need to be organized and well-attended. In general, it's rime for us all to wake up. If you live in Nonh Carolina and have an opinion about low-level radioactive waste being shipped into the state, call Governor Martin at his toll-free number: 1-800-662-7952 and telJ him how you feel. For copies of the petition, write to: CCNW P.O. Box 653 Dillsboro, NC 28725 MRS: BEHJND CLOSED DOORS from Natural RigltlS Ncwslc11cr The United States Coun of Appeals is deliberating on the case of Tennessee v Herrington. The lawsuit, initiated by th~ State of Tennessee to prevent conscruction of the "temporary" storage and processing facility for High Level Nuclear Wastes known as the MRS (Monitored Retreivablc Storage) which the Dept. of Energy (DOE) wants to site in Oak Ridge. Meanwhile, DOE operatives are quietly at work behind the scenes to bring the nation's waste to Oak Ridge irrespective of how the coun rules. . Last F~bi:unry. District Judge Thomas Wiseman enJorned DOE from submitting any Monitored Retreivable Storage proposal to Congress that was based on the "fatalJy flawed" Oak Ridge siting study. DOE appeale~ that injunctio~. arguing among other things, that the Judicial branch has no constitutional power to enjoin the Executive bra~ch . from commu~icaring with the Lcg1slauve .branch. As 1f to prove the point, DOE conunues 10 engage in extensive communications with senators and con.gressmen in an effon 10 win suppon for !h~1r ~RS plan, despite the court's lnJUnCUOn. Now it appears 1ha1 a bill to create an MRS is being drafted by Senators Johnson (D-LA) and McClure (R-ID) for introduction as soon as the court proceedings are concluded. Such a bill wouJd shortcut the Nuclear Waste Policy Act process and simply authorize DOE 10 construct and operate an MRS at the site of the abandoned Clinch River Breeder Reactor. 30,000 spent nuclear fuel assemblies wouJd be rrucked to that site. Suppon for the Johnson-McClure bill is the trade DOE is offering the 34 senators and 164 representatives in the 17 Second Round Nuclear Waste Repository States and the 12 senators and 53 representatives in the 6 states studied for the First Round Repository. In exchange for help with MRS, DOE is offering 10 slow First Round studies and drop the Second Round selection process entirely. By agreeing to put an MRS in eastern Tennessee, these senators and representatives could t:ruLhfully bra~ about having kept nuclear waste out of their home state in future re-election campaigns. It is not responsible waste ~anagement to put all the nation's high-level nuclear waste in an open field beside a waterway that flows through 8 states before washing into the Gulf of Mexico. It is stupid and dangerous to truck it~ over interstate highways; once to Winter 1986-87 �Tennessee, t~e.n later to a final repos11ory. But the. $4 b1lhon that the plan will cost is ~01 s~bJCCl 10 qramm-Rudman cuts because It will be paid by electric ratepayers. Hopefully. _those who worry about the hazar~s o_f nvers and highways - and their elc~~nc bills - will be powerful allies in the pohucal battle ahead. NUCLEAR FUEL SERVICES AGAIN ' from N1lu1"11l Righis Ncwslcucr In the l 970's, Nuclear Fuel Services Inc. (NFS) simply walked away from it~ reprocessing plant in West Valley. NY, and left 10 state and federal agencies the $400,000,000 task of cleaning up 560,000 gallons of _highly radioactive wastes leaking from the sue. NFS moved its operations to Tennessee, where it went into the business of supplying nuclear fuel for submarines and selling uranium bullets to the international anns trade. Congre.ssperson Edward Markey (0-MA) studied the NFS plant in Erwin, TN as part of a survey of nuclear waste handling in this country. On September 18 1986 Re~. Markey !CP,?"ed to congress 1ha; the. Erw1~ pla~t 1s a toxic nightmare, ooi.mg rad1oacuve contamination into work areas, into lunchrooms and other non-working areas, and into the soil outside work buildings. The plant has coniamina1ed groundwater and off-site railroad land. Even parts of vending machines had 10 be disposed as radioactive waste. In addition. rndioactive waste buried on the plant site linancially endangers state and federal ta_xpaycrs". Markey is conducting a congressional inquiry into union charges 1ha_t .NFS an~ NRC conspire to keep the facility operanng despite safety violations. / . The Namral Ri2f1ts Newslecrer is ava1/ablefrom tl~e ~atural Rights Center, a non-pro/11 public 111terest law project of USA; P.0.Box; Summertown, TN ';/MBJ· EPA PIGEON HOLES CIIAMPION by Mi!Uc Buch•mlll Environmentalists and friends of the Pigeon River won a major legal battle this month in the continuing srruggle to clean up the long-polluted river. U.S. District Judge David Sentelle on Dec. I. dismissed a lawsuit brought by Champion International Corporation against the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Sentelle ruled that EPA did not overstep its autho_ritr _when it. took away North Caroltn~ s i;ght. to write a _Pem1it governing C~amp1on s discharge 111to the Pigeon River. Champion was joined by North Carolin.a in its .l egal challenge to the EPA move; rntervemng on behalf of EPA were the State of Tennessee, the Pigeon River Acti~n Group (PRAG), and the Legal Environmental Assistance Foundation (LEAF)._ ~hampion has 30 days to appeal the d~1s1on. If the appeal fails, both Champion and North Carolina will have to accept the terms of the permit currently being drafted by the EPA. . N_orth C~rolina's long history of penmssive penruts has left the Pigeon River below Champion's Canton plant coffee-colored and nearly devoid of life, in sharp contrast to the pure crout scream !bat emerges from the mountains of Haywood County above the plant. Efforts by PRAG and the State of Tennessee led to the unprecedented EPA decision to take back pennitting authority from a state. Key issues in the struggle are the color of the river, which is still brown when it crosses into Tennessee; and the elevated temperature, which has consistently violated Nonh Carolina water quality standards. For more information, contact: Millie Buchanan Qean Water Fund 102 Tacoma Circle Asheville, NC 28801 Pigeon River Action Group P.O. Box 105 Waynesville, NC 28786 (704) 627-9774 BILLBOARD BLIGHT: EYE POLLUTION SOLUTION Natural World News Servu:c . Recently, the meager efforts made by legislators to deal with the advancing onslaught of billboards grai.ing the mount_ains have been compromised by hard !obbymg on the part of the billboard tndustry. To combat this unyielding invading unsightliness, cicizens groups have sprung up and are confronting the billboard industry and its legislators. Carolina Coalition for Scenic Beauty, with its 350 members in Hendersonville and chapters in Buncombe County and Charlotte, has a two-fold plan modeled after the new Waynesville, NC sign ordinance: I) halt ereccion of new billboards (there are now over 17,000 billboards gracing the land in Western Nonh Carolina and the NC coastal tourist areas); 2) repeal laws which allow cutting of crees to put up billboards. f" ~inc m~mber governmental study commission which held hearings for eight months on possible sii.e reduction made no recomendations to reduce the number p_rotect i:ees, or meaningfully reduce th~ sii.e of billboards. Co-chairperson Senator Bo Thomas was the only commission member who recommended any meaningful refo~ and he couldn't even get a second for h1s_p~posals from the nine person study commission. One observer wryly commented that she thought the commission was accing out of self-interest when it was revealed that 2 members owned billboards, another rents land for billboards and yet another member uses billboards for his personal use. Now is the time to get active! Write your legislators, call them on the phone, meet them face to face. Plant trees not • billboards! For more info on ordinance guidelines & legal advice, call: Kay McNett Southern Environmental Law Center Charlottesville, VA (804) 977-4090. I Carolina Coalition for Scenic Beauty POB 1433. Hendersonville, NC 28793 (704) 693-6776. KATUAH- page 21 Winter 1986-87 �NATURAL WORLD NEWS - continued BEARLY MAKING IT Natural World News Service Black bears in Katiiah are facing lean times. In addition to the lack of hard mast (nuts, acorns) resulting from the drought this summer, Roger Powell (Dept. of Zoology, NCSU, Raleigh) of the Pisgah Bear Project reports that because of increased hunting pressure bear "mortality is outstripping reproductivity". Poaching accounts for 50% of all kills, while legal kills account for 30-40% of all bear mortality. In addition, of the 15 bears studied at the Pisgah Bear Sanctuary (one of 28 bear sanctuaries in NC) only one bear is a breeding age female! Previous studies reveal a history of poor "population management". Warburton's 1981-82 study of the Pisgah Bear Sanctuary showed that, of the bears being monitored, 60% were killed, 75% of which were females. ~LL SftC~tS D~~ 22 • continued from page In the drama perfonned at the end of the day, Mother Nature expresses "especially dear to me is Earth, the blue-green gem io space, the watery Living planet where I take delight in all of you and in your spectacular diversity." Amy shares with us, in her own words, the progress of the play: "Then, one by one the critters stood and named themselves. They told each other about troubled times, poisoned waters, disappearing forests, mass slaughters. They confessed fear for the future. They wondered aloud whether their na.~Ln9 Pa.per n a.chi rta.s~s Making a head mask of paper mache is simple in description, but often hard and tedious in practice until, through much repetition, some degree of skill is gained. The fust step is to make a rough frame of wire mesh to stiffen and hold the paper mache as it dries. The frame will be incorporated into the mask. The best material for the frame is regular chicken wire, which is both strong and flexible. If the holes are too big to adequately support the paper mache, two layers may be used. KATUAH - page 22 The N.C. Wild life Resources Commission (N CWR C), whose stated goals are to 1) maintain a stable viable bear population, and 2) maimain an abundant surplus for hunters is "not living up to their mandate as wildlife managers" according to Paul Gal limore, coordinator of the Bear Action Network. T he NCWRC has disregarded Powell's and Warburton's data and maintains that although the bears are facing hardships this year , the "natural mechanics" are such that the bear population normally fluctuates with mast production. Fortunately female bears are denning-up early, and the impact of hunting (legal and illegal) may be lessened this year. Recently, Tennessee shortened their bear season to the last week in December after research from black bear expert Dr. Mike Pelton of the University of Tennessee and the Tennessee Wildlife Commission revealed that populations could be sustained if hunting was restricted until after the denning of females and cubs. Clearly it is time to bring pressure to bear on the NCWRC. The data is in and the bears aren't going co be with us unless WE take action. young cousin s, the humans, understood how all the world was alive, balanced and beautiful, and how they were devastating the entire planet. "Meanwhile people playing 'humans' sauntered in their midst, oblivious to the creatures' plaints. Earphones covered their human ears. The gaze of their human eyes was fixed on television or computer screens or o n literal mirrors. Mother Nature assessed that they were hypnotized and so wrapped up in thoughts of themselves that they had forgotten their place in the magic web of life. "'But if we call Lhem, all of us in our different voices, perhaps we can waken them before it's too late,' suggested Mother Nature. Three times a cry went up from the The frame must be big enough to sit over a person's head; sometimes it helps to begin to form the wire frame over a log or ball of adequate size. The frame must also be formed so that the eye holes and perhaps the mouth and nose holes will line up in advantageous places that fit in with the design of the mask, particularly if it is larger than lifesize. The frame needs only to give a rough outline of the head shape, because the actual contours can be filled in with layers of paper mache. Bur the closer the frame is to a true outline, the better, because building layers of paper mache is slow work. Bend all wire ends into the frame so that they do not catch or poke. Once the frame is constructed, strips of newspaper I 1/2 to 2 inches wide need to be cut. A lot of them! Paper mache work demands a lot of newspaper, and the more that is used, the sturdier the mask. The major limitation is usually time and patience. Call or write the NCWRC now. Ask them to reopen Powell's data and restudy his research. Ask for a moratorium on killing bears. Ask for a shoner season (NC has the longes t bear hunting season in the Southeast). so the females and their cubs have a chance. Executive Director N.C. Wildlife Resources Commission . 512 N.SalisburySt. ~ IWdgh, NC 27611 .Br"' To repon poaching or other violations, call: NC.......... 1-800-662-7137 1-800-922-5431 TN.......... 1-800-262-6704 GA .......... 1-800-241-4113 VA .......... 1-804-257-1000 sc.......... For more infonnation, contact: Paul Gallimore Bear Action Network Route 2, Box 132 Leicester, NC 28748 (704) 683-3662 throat of Lion, Owl and Hawk. Three times a call from Gull and Frog and Dolphin. Three times a call from Heron, Snake and Oak Tree, un til finally the humans responded. Then all joined ha nds and danced to the closing music of flute and drum." All Species Day-Greenville Coordinalor Amy Hannon is a pioneer in the creation of ceremonies and community riwals with an ecological focus. She holds a PhD in Philosophy from Boston College where she taught for seven years. A Winter Solstice earth ceremony based 011 Amy's a1mual solstice ceremony for Greenville was adaptedfor our Kat'iiah region and appeared inKmfla.b..lssue VI, Wimer84-85. , , Then a large bowl of flour-and-water paste needs to be mixed. This is a legitimate use for the cheap, white, bleached flour. Fill the bowl about 1/3 full with flour, and then dip some of the flour into a cup or smaller bowl. Add water (enough to make a thin soupy mixture) and stir until the flour is thoroughly dissolved. The resulting mixture may be added to the larger bowl. Mixing it gradually in this way (always adding the water to the flour) insures a smooth mixture with no lumps. Add water to the mixture unril it is slick and wet and slides off a strip of the newspaper when you run your fingers down it leaving only a thin film adhe.ring. Construct the mask, first defining the general shape and then building up around the ridges and hollows to emphasize the finer features. Paper mache should optimally be added only one layer at a time - continued on next page Winter 1986-87 - •y . �W~11rm KeeJl))fting Wimiteir: nmi ftmi IHiommeiless OC11h1illbl - continued from page 15 K : Do you talk to m any other people who have the problem of no wor k, too? JM: Yeah, 1here's a !or of 'em righ1 here in Asheville. I know a bunch of 'em sleeping down here in these old junk cars. r don'! know how they can stand ir, it's cold. K: Did they try to get in the Shelter? JM: Well, some of them do. And, you know, they come in, slay awhile. Then, 1hey migh1 ger drunk and miss a night or two and somebody else gets their place. And there they are again. "Most of the time, I'm not even hungry. Two meals a day, I can make it on that." K: What about food? Do you get supper at the shelter, then an early breakfast? JM: Yes. K: What about a midday meal? JM: Well, mos1 of the time, I can go down to the Christian Ministry down there to eat, if I'm hungry. Most of the time, I'm not even hungry. Two meals a day, I can make it on that. K: Is that midday meal available aU the time? JM: Just during the week, five days a week. K: So on Saturday and Sunday what can you do? 11.a.'-t.n9 Pa.pet" 11.a.ch.e 11.a.s'-s - continued &om page 22 to allow thorough drying. In any case, do not build up more than 1/8 inch wi1hout allowing a drying time, so that no wet spots (which may rot) are left between the layers. Usually the inside of the mask. or at least the top, is lined so that the wearer is not in direct contact with 1he wire frame of the mask which will poke or catch the hair. Lining can be made with layers of paper KATUAH - page 23 JM: Well, on Sa1urday and Sunday, you can go down 10 the Mjssion and they'll give you a sandwich or 1wo. K: Let's see t here's t he Mission a nd the Shelter, is there any other place in town? JG: The Salvation Am1y, bu1 all you can s1ay is three nights a month. K : Three night.s a month ?? Have you stayed over at the Salvation Army? JM: Oh, yeah. JG: I can'1 stay a1 1he Salvation Army, 'cause I'm a local and they wilJ no1 keep a local there, so they 1old me. They won't even~ a local. K: Is that true?! [Katuah called the Salvation Army and was 1old 1ha1 Lhe Lodge was for "ttansienLs" and LhaL "locals" were discouraged from using it] DJ: The only way [ got in was someone from the Sheller called down there and sfild to let me stay !here. JM: If he hadn't called, you wouldn't have got in. DJ: That's exactly righ1. fm aware of it. They Lold me LO get lost the next morning, LOO. K : Wha t a r e the requiremen ts for the Mission? JM: Their reqllliremems are an ID. K: What does that mean? JM: A driver's license or something to prove where you're from. K: Can a local person go to the mission? JG: Oh yeah. K: Is there a restriction on how many nights you can stay there? JM: Well, they go1 a program down there. If you get on tha1 program, if they let you get on tha1 program, you can stay 45 days. JG: But you got to be alcoholic [or have drug-rela1ed problems -Ed.] to gel on 1ha1 program. JM: Yeah, you have 10 be alcoholic to get in the program. If you stay there long enough, it'll drive you 10 drink.[Jaugh1er] Even if you never touched a drop of ii in your life. K: So, really the Shelter is providing a real service in ter ms of offe ring you an option. Is th er e a ny r est r iction on the length of days? I n other words, if you don 't get 'bumped', you can keep coming back? JM: Yes. K : Do you have to p resent an y ID at the Shelter? JG: They ask who you are and where you're from, then they sign you in. And you get a ticket the next morrung to get back in the next night. K: And bow many beds are there? JG: Twenty. K: I asked about food, what about clothing? Are ther e clot hes ava ilable to you if you need them? Coats, etc? mache laid on the inside of the invened mask or by glueing in pieces of lhin foam or fabric. (Too much foam, however, makes a mask stifling and stuffy.) Sometimes padding is needed for extra protection for Lhe nose or chfo or where the mask rests on the shoulders. When the shape of the mask looks right, it can be painted, or colored paper, fabric, or ornaments may be glued on. Oil-based enamel paints adhere best to paper mache and leave the best finish, but la1ex paints will work also. Water-color pamts DJ: Basically, clothes are available through the Christian Ministry. K: What about basic spending money? You know, you need som e mon ey to get by...JM, have you applied for a ny monies or any kjn d of thing? JM: No, I haven't. Now and then, I get a day's work so I've made it so far. K: So, you 've at least had some pocket money, ever y once in a while. J G, what' s your situation, a re you able off and on to get a day's job? JG: Well, just now and then. "I know a bunch of 'em sleeping down here in these old junk cars. I don't know how they can stand it, it's cold." K: Is the Shelter able to help you find work? Does the E mployment Commission call over to the Shelter a t aU? JG: I don'1 1hink. I never heard tell of them calling over there on account of you can't call over there during the day. It's after 6:30 in the evening and til 6:30 in the morning that the Shelter is open.[The Shelter does encourage people to go over to the employment office, though. -Ed.) K: Would that be good, t hen, for a shelter to stay open longer and connect in wit h the E mpl oyme n t Commisssion a nd other sources so you'd know about possible jobs? JG: Why, sure that would be about the best thing that ever happened. lf we had a "day" sheller here to do 1hat. K : Let me ask you a nother q uestion about t he possibility of a " day" shelter... what if no salaried jobs came up, but say "volunteer jobs" came up, for exam ple, to work on a project or to hel p out in some way.... would that be something you'd like to know about? Particularly, during t he winter so you could keep occupied, indoors. JG: Well, tha1'd be helping somebody that needed it. Cause I know a wealthy person ain't going to ask you to do some1hing like that. DJ: Why, it would be great! I sure 1hink it would. It would be something to do, just ge1 away from the boredom. JM: It would keep your mind occupied. --interviewed by Marnie Muller will not work. Now the mask is finished. Put it on. Identify with it Practice the animal's (or element's) sounds and motions in front of a mirror. Forge1 what is inside the mask and be the creature that is visible in the mirror. To aid in the 1ransference of identity, practice doing things and makfog noises (privately at first) that you would not do in your own body. Gradually an empathy between you and the crea1ure of the mask _, will arise. Winter 1986-87 �DRUMMING LETTERS TO KATUAH Hello Karuah, Herc is a poem that I think you might find interesting. Dark Ridge Creek is in Jackson County and I have walked quite a bit of ii. We are not down to the last trout yet. There are lois of native speckles swimming around; a lot of rainbows, coo. If you want to use the poem, feel free. Keep up the good work. 11iE LAST TROUT IN DARK RIDGE CREEK The only mate I have ever known the only one of my kind to ever swim beside me lies on his side in still water color fading like an autumn leaf sinking to the stream's bonom If I had voice Dear Friends: Your Fall, 1986 issue, centering on the subject of death, is great! I especially appreciate the attention given to DealinK Creatively with Death, I would have liked to see more attention given to memorial societies. There are nearly 200 of these societies and they are the major consumer advocates in the funeral industry. You might like to publish the name and address of the Continental Association of funeral and Memorial Societies and perhaps the names and addresses of societies in the Appalachian area and nearby. I was delighted to see you publish a detailed description and instructions for building burial boxes. Along this same line, a few paragraphs on dealing with the legal details of non-professional bunal might be helpful. Cordially, Ernest Morgan like the bird in the laurel that can sing her young from a tangle of twigs and slow the sun's flight across the sky I would not be alone Our spawn our children once growing breathing wombed in a bed of gravel lie smothered under a blankec of silc as if dark grains of nighc fell from the sky and buried a thousand sunrises Truly, Thad Beach Waynesville, NC Many thanks 10 Ernest Morgan/or his contributions tQ KarUah#J3. The addresses of the memorial societies serving the KatUah province are asfo/kJws: ConJinelllal A.ssodalion cf FUMral aNl Memorial Societies 2()()1 s strtl!l NW (Suitt 530) Washi11g1011, DC 20009 Dear Katiiah, I so enjoy reading the Kllllahl I would like to lcnow more about it, and if there is a group meeting, etc. I have enclosed a poem about "A Place of Warmth for Me". Mtm0rial Society ofGeorgia 191 I Cliff Vality Way NE A1/an1a. GA 30329 Blw Ridge Memorial Society Bo;c2601 ArMvillt, NC 2/WJJ East Tt1111essu Memorial Society Bo;c 1057 KnoJC11illt, TN 37919 Memorial Society ofROQ/IOke Valley Bo;clJIX)l ROQ/IOke, VA 24014 As to the legal details of Mn-professional burial, all sources say, "Consult Tlie Manual' (Ernest Morgan's book Dealing C&tivefy wjth [)emh>." -The Edif()rs Keep up the journal; the reading is great! A PLACE OF WARM1H FOR ME rve searched for my own special place, Where nature's views reflect in my space. My very own plot of ground, Where I could live year 'round. A cabin, small, I'd build, With flowers on the window sills, A happy place, where I could dream, As I listened quietly to a stream. Then, when winter's full of cold and snow, A log fire burning all aglow. The smoke rising ever so high, Like an Eagle in the sky. I've wandered far and near, My place must be full of cheer, Where peace and Jove abide, With God close by my side. I'd dream, I'd sing, I'd write, I'd paint, You'd never hear me say "I can't." l'd look from my mountain top, oh, the beauty I'd see, I'd be just as warm, happy. and content as I could be. Sincerely, Barbara Ann Satterfield Sylva, NC KATUAH - page 24 Wimer 1986-87 �INITIATION Wrapped in buckskin Anllercrown the wind was her king down in the grove where the trees whisper..... Shandoah ..... Shandoah she runs with the deer to her place of power she sleeps on the Earth Her Mother's heartbeat in her ear She receives her Mother's smile knows what to do She walks with the deer spirit to the river of life falling starS in her eyes Moon bath Swimming She is born She is rising The river is sweet She drinks from iis blood She anoints herself and lays in the thicket full and ripe she falls into the world of 1he undreaming She forgets 1he meaning of her Mother's tongue of her Grandmother's sorrow She wears the robe of shadow She mee1s her test with the promise that she will live in all that is that she will awake from the dream to be reclaimed that lhe river flows on through her body and will always empty into her heart -Colleen Rcdman·Copus More Thoughts On Death ToKat6ah: Dear Friends, I enjoyed the issue on death, that cheerful topic. h is something I have been thinking about a lot recently, in connection with my praccice of the "Tac Kwon Do" karate technique. The ancient warrior codes all pivo1ed on !hat stark moment when the warrior was face-to-face with his own death. that was the focus of all their rules of conduct and practice. Whether it was among the Japanese samurai, the Celtic chieftains or the American Indian braves, the key principle was to meet death wherever it came. or, even, 1n the words of Mushashi, the 15th century Japanese swordsman and philosopher, " If you have a choice, seek your death." The concept of facing one's death was also central to lhe "spiritual warrior" practices of, say, Tibetan Buddhism and the classic case of Carlos Castenada's Don Juan, the Mexican b.IJUQ. The practice of the warrior was of course concerned with facing death for pragmatic reasons, but to a large extent it was also because of the depth and meaning it brought into their lives. Sometimes it takes an encounter with death to wake a person up to the richness of life. The warriors saw themselves as examples to the people, as well, teaching them to regard death fearlessly. In those times, war was a personal thing a point of honor. It was fought as much for the glory as for the conquest. The battlefield was a testing-place, an initiation. Compare that to the craven coward with his finger over the nuclear button, who would sacrifice an incalculable number of lives to achieve his own ends. For these men, death is no longer real. Their lives, and all of our lives, arc diminished as a result. For the warrior, living in close proximity to death was the only way to live. The teaching there is that this is the human condition. It is the same for all of us, all the time. Even if we do not make it so graphically clear by seeking our own death, "Death is always over your shoulder"( in the words of Castaneda's Don Juan). We would benefit greatly from having teachers brave enough co tell us that 1he way to die is the way to live. Thank you for bringing the notion of "death" into the Katuah Journal. This is a much-needed discussion, as our culture purposely avoids the idea of death. Death is something to be swept under the rug ...flushed down the toilet ... carried out like the trash. Out of sight, out of mind. The main reason for this, I think, is fear. Our culture is scared to "death" of death and tries to protect its people from having to face the experience of death during the course of their lives. And so we as individuals are left to meet our own demise unprepared and unfamiliar with death. This only promotes confusion and deepens the fear. and so the spiral of alienation continues. The results of this have been disastrous, both for us as people and for the planet as a whole. A tremendous amount of energy and resources go into insulating ourselves from lhe world and propping up the fallacy of the individual ego. We would rather sacrifice whole species of other creatures than allow and accept our individual death. Our neurotic fear of dying has contributed in a large pan to the overpopulation of humans, the degeneration of the planetary environmoot, and our own alienated lifestyles. Of course, the fear of death is not totally responsible for this, but coming to terms with our own monality and realizing the importance of death in our lives would go a long way to helping us change our attitudes and accepting our place in the world. Thank you for helping to lead us a few steps in this direction. Sincerely, Ava Livingston Roanoke, VA My best, E. Thornton Charlotte, NC >'I' KATUAH - page 25 Winter 1986-87 U \IU\.., •••,.It AC'.,.,..,, - ~ATITA ;f �- continued from page 1 different, bm we need to take counsel together. This was desirable before, but since the splitting of the atom, this has become a necessity. I carve a lot of pieces with figures that have what I call "visionary eyes". There is fear in those eyes. Those eyes have seen the bomb, and they're afraid. I guess I'm afraid too. I ge1 the feeling I had as a kid when I read in the Bible of how "They shall have sores and splotches, and so many wounded, and so many of the people will be killed". At the time of the Chernobyl accident they said 1he Chernobyl plant was unprotected and without containment, but later it turned out that the reactor rug have all of that. There are lots of those graphite-cooled nuclear plants within range of us. If four or five of those were to have a meltdown, it would change the nature of life on this planet. When I was in the siitth grade, I was pro-nuclear. I was really for it. "What a wondeiful ideal All that energy!" But we didn't know about nuclear waste. We're primitive when it comes to dealing with our nuclear waste. We think we can bury it in holes in the ground, and that it won't go into the water, and everything will be alright. Bm how delicate the world isl I guess everything is beautiful to me. Everything has its own way. When I see people out there, all together, by the millions, it's beautiful the way that they move. But again, speaking face to face is beautiful because o( the way people are and the ways they are different. I try to communicate through my art. I think of people touching my carvings when I make them, because I know that the love and affection I feel are not for me to keep to myself. Any artist knows his or her work is for all people. An is to help bring out a lot of things about the Creator and how we have come to be humans living as we do. An is also about how to improve ourselves to be better people. Through time artists have helped us more than almost anyone else to figure out who we are and what we're doing. h's a healing feeling to know that God does give us the power to do all these things to feel better or 10 appreciate life more. I ask God to make or to bless each carving that 1 do and ask that people can appreciate and take care of ii. Bui it's just art It should just be appreciated as art, but I guess every artist does feel some attachment to their work. I would like people to understand the thoughts and feelings I put into my carvings. Otherwise they might use a carving for a doorstop. Of course, that's o.k. too, I suppose. It's a rock-it'll hold a door open. But a rock is not "jus1 a rock". The rock I carve is the old pipestone: s1eati1e or chloride schist. It gets a nice finish when I sand it, and it turns darker as people handle it Rock seems primitive, but one wonders whether it's back in time or whether it's in the future. Rock itself is alive. Rock has been ~where and seen ~thing. Rock has traveled the tracks of the stars. It has traveled through all of time. Each time the Earth has gone 1hrough another cycle, the rock has become more condensed. There is an incredible amount of history and eitperience condensed in each chunk of rock. I search out my own pipestone to carve. I see things in the rocks: arms, legs, faces, animals, spirits - all the things of the universe. Sometimes where granite and quartz come together r see designs. When I carve, often I will leave some of the rock in its natural state. Then, along with all the other creatures I represent, the spirit of the stone is in the carving, too. PASSING IT ON people and had no way to eitpress that. So they got upset about it and went to war with the world. Maybe we could have at least a small effect on the problems of the future--the neglect and the abuse. Maybe by communicating or working with some an, people could be more happy, more creative, and perhaps they would be less abusive. It's o.k. to use something, whether it's land or a creative gift, as long as you give something back. That's why l like to show carving to a lot of kids: to give something back. Sometimes on Saturday morning I like to have kids and their parents who are really intcreSted come over here, and I show them how to do some of the carving. Kids are smart, y'know. Often I.bey know more than adults, because their view of the world has not been broken and fragmented. There is as much or more in their minds than in an adult's, bul they don't have the mentnl tools to explain it. There are adults like that, too. A lot of people in prison have seen the world in a different way from the rest of the Interview by Martha Tree, David Wheeler, and Michael Red Fox Joe Roberts 258· 1038 734 Town Mountain Rd FRIEDMAN & 8 Asheville, NC 28805 ~ DESIGN, INC. - ENERGY SYSTEMS THAT PAY FOR THEMSELVF.S AVRAM FRIEDMAN OESlGH~TECHNICIAN KATUAH - page 26 garmiN Water System ......... Ul. IRAVIOl.U PURIFICAllOtl AHO FILIERIHG SYSIEMS SOlAA PAOOUCIS • WAIER ANALYSIS HWY. 107 PO BOX657 DIUS80RO. NC 28125 RANDALL C LANIER 704 293 51112 AT. 68 BOX 125 CULLOWHEE, NC 28723 Winter 1986-87 �A CHILDREN'S PAGE WHAT Wll..D ANIMAL WOULD YOU LIKE MOST TOBE? Darby,8 Miles, 5 A mountain Jion...because I've A rattJesnake...because I like their colors. always liked them...and because I could run fast. Jason,5 Tshu-Tshu, 5 A rattlesnake...because I like how their tail is rattly. A bluejay"'because I like how they ny and how they drop their feathers. Karl, 7 Tyler, 8 A squirrel ....because they're kind if you don't pick them up. Being a squirrel, I can climb up trees and I can run fasLand I can live in a 'treehouse'. An eagle. ...because I Jike to be high....when you're an eagle it's easier to hunt for food ....... . ah, lunch! Lars,8 A robin...because you're able to fly ....you'd be free...you'd be able to see everything•... no limitations... Amanda,7 A wild bird...a cardinal I think it would be neat to see how they live...... and because I could fly above the sky•.. Sara, 7 Ariel, 7 A deer...they seem so quiet... they look so nice...they look gentle,too... Jay, 8 A mountain lion...because they like to roam in the mountains...and so do I. A squirrel....because they'd be protected, not too many creatures could get at them. I would like to be a squirrel because people can't climb trees as well as they can. We welcome original drawings, stories, poems, ideas, or Thanks lo Rainbow Mountain School, Asheville, NC KATUAH - page 27 comments by individua1 children or groups for this page. Let us know what the children of KatUah are doing! Wiruer 19116-87 �J......... .,..~ - '"'"'"'• A.Aov: .· fO~ ·n•e. atUGN0 ntE RULf.S: ' A NOTE ON NEW GRAMMAR . \. We all learned in school dw •a pronoun must agree widl the object oi the JP. RfN~ 3 G~T'N6RCNG The Spring Gathering will be happening 7) Katuah ecology in the 80's again in April. We would like some input 8) Drumming from our readers on activities they would 9) Living outside & inside (dealing with) like to have available. Here are some to the 80's economy choose from. Let us know if these 10) Dowsing suggested topics or others would make 11) Sweat Lodge interesting workshops for the gathering: 12) Community planning, etc. 13) Spirituality (individual and as a whole) l) Herb identification and usage Anyone interested in being on a 2) Tree identification steering committee to bring this gathering 3) Primitive strucrure construelion together please write to us at Katiiah; Box 4) Wilderness survival techniques 873; CuUowhcc, NC 28723. 5) Crystals 6) Wild food foraging and preparation Thi powerful GOl..OEN EAGLE nlH abon lh11iu. tlus tull •Mic•• co!0< dllllJ' , .._...,.11114 °" T· ~~RTS Of 100'<. NUHRUNk COT· C4I011.S11Ytr.[cru, wi.tc SinJ•Ad11111S.XL $hor1SIHnT: AduK·$10.00ppd. l ontSlunT: Adolt·S14.00ppd. 1\!age> 1 J ~ unnCJe 'Na &~r~~l ~ ~ All designs, except Golden Eagle. also available in sweatshirts. Feather or tracks imprinted on sleeve. r ~1IOnl1t;:;:;~~;.;;;;.,N1;.1ls.,..... w : 103311, l1l11mRd.. I 0 Chtd i - ··----- 111. NC 281M(104)456-3003 M ame M11terCa~ NO---------t : O M•••10nl•• O Vl$A Eip. 0•1•1-- - - -- --1 I Lens $1HW toc:l•dH dtlall• d pnlll of lta!Mr °" 110 ... Sallllactioa 1 1 0< 1111JmWlull . - _ Addru•------ -------- --t !, ~• When looking over the Kl1Uh Journal. English teachers and sharp-eyed proofreaders cringe and soflly curse the KaWAh staff for the recurrence of sentences such as: "The attitude of individualism puts one at war against their environment." The pronoun in that sentence is used in a way that violates the precepts of orthodox grammar. But the orthodox grammar assumes that the basic unit of the human race is the archetypal "he", an assumption that we can no longer subscribe to because it leaves the feminine half of the population as non-entities - just one of the subtle ways we are all taught 10 disregard women and their role. Trying to overcome this has led to various complexities in the alternative printed media. If we were to write out the above sentence, for instance, it would read, "The attitude of individualism puts one at war with his or her environmenL" Rather than encumbering our sentences by writing out "his or her", "he and she" each time, we have often chosen to refer to them collectively as "their" and "they", so that in fact that "someone" potentially has become two, and the pronoun agrees with this possibility. That's not any harder to under~tand than it was in sixth grade, is ii? (Or is it still just as hard?) Some may be pleased at this change, others may consider it th e rankest of heresies, most probably could care less. But language is a process and subject 10 change, and there probably will be other changes as we continue to modify our language to conform to the conditions of our lives. We welcome comments and suggestions on this, as we do on all aspeclS of the KluYah journal. Changing our speech is another way we can participate in creating ourselves a life suitable to face the rimes we live in and the times that are to come. "'""'- ------------- - -t i i '- CMck ......... FR(( COlOll CATAUKO ol all eur W1tdltt. Gl•pll••'OU.LU INQUllll[$ UMTlO CIBII!NlE§IE NAWRAL FOOD STORE &DELI ~C1Un»1UNC'll'1UlilE AM» IHl~llllOLOGV cn...nmc 107 Merrimon Avenue Asheville. rt.c. (704) 258·90 J6 KATUAH - page 28 MALAPROP'S BOOKSTORFJCAFE 160 Broadway Asheville, NC 28801 (704) 253-7656 BOOKS - CARDS - RECORDS Where Broadway 61 HAYWOOD ST., ASHEVll..LE, NC 28801 (704) 2S4-6734 Meets Menimon Andl-240 Open 7 Days A Week Monday - Friday 9:00 a.m. - 8:00 p.m. Saturday 9:00 a.m. - 6:30 p.m. Sunday 1:00 p.m. - 5 :00 p.m. Winter 1986-87 �a • ~ S · 4.!'J!sv:t./J•.:.l 'Jf1-.Jh ,, 'J.i ~,1 ~~o :rro ~,., DECEMBER 21 ASHEVILLE, NC "A Festival of Lights: A Winter Solstice Celebration" with Unity of the Mountains. 6:30 pm. 70 Lexington Ave. Donation. Call 669-9276. MARCH JANUARY 10 & AS HE VILLE,NC 17 Literacy Workshop to train volunteers to teach people how to read. 10:00 am to 4:30 pm. Pack Library. More info: (704) 254-3442. "Parenting for Peace and Justice" conference with Jim and Kathy McGinnis at University Hills Baptist Church. Contacc Joanne Frazier (704)372-9140. 16-17 tANCEL THE COUNTDOWN 17 27-1/4 HOT SPRINGS, NC New Year's Meditation Retreat with John Orr. Southern Dhanna Retreat Center; Rt. 1, Box 34-H; Hot Springs, NC 28743 COOKEVILLE, TN Tennessee Alternative Growers' Association Annual Conference at Tennessee Tech Aqua Facility. For more information, contact TAGA; Rt. 6, Box 526; Crossville, TN 38555 Major national action to protest Trident missiles and "Star Wars" testing, Cape Canaveral, FL. For more information, contact Rural Southern Voice for Peace; 1901 Hannah Branch Rd.; Burnsville, NC 28714 30-1/4 W AYNESVILLE, NC New Year's Retreat at Stil-light Center. $5.00/day. Pre-register: Rt. 1, Box 326; Waynesville, NC 28786 CHARLOTTE, NC 6·9 17 20-22 ASH EVILLE, NC Martin Luther King Prayer Breakfast. 8:30 am. Asheville Civic Cenrer. WAYNESVILLE, NC "Numerology" workshop with Karol Kettering. $20. Stil-light Center. Pre-register. see 12/30-1/4. ABINGDON, VA Teach Our Children Well Festival in honor of Martin Luther King. 3:30 pm. Washington County Library. 18 The Cente r for New Prioriti es is now open, in Asheville, NC, for all groups dedicated to working towards genuine, life-oriented, change for the community. Office space, small meeting space, and kitchen facilities are available. The Center plans to sponsor workshops as welJ as provide a place for groups to network. In January, there will be a meeting of all groups-environmental, peace, social action, spiritual, cultural, etc-who are interested in participating in the formulation of the "scope" of the Center's goals and activities. For more infonnation, call (704) 254-4714 or write the Center, 54 Starnes Avenue, Asheville, NC 28801. The Center appreciates donations, large or small, to help wilh its upkeep and activities. GERTON, NC 24 Drumming Workshop/ African & Haitian, featuirin~ Darrel Rose. Potluck lunch & potluck dinner. $ 25. (partial work scholarships available). Call (704) 625-9722 (ask for Martha) or wrire P.O. Box 65, Genon, NC 28735 FEBRUARY 13-15 W AYNESVILLE,NC Group study weekend: "The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali". $20. Pre-register: Slil-lighr Center. See 12/30-1/4. Rainbow Family Tribal Gathering '87 By a council decision at the 1986 Rainbow Family Tribal Gathering in Pennsylvania, the 1987 gathering of the continental Rainbow people will be held in the Appalachian Mountain Bioregion from July 1 - 7. The Rainbow Gathering currently brings together 10-15,000 people during the week of the event, although people arrive long before and stay long after at the site. They gather in remote natural settings to promote and practice an alternative lifestyle free from the constraints of the dominant culture. Everything is free and shared communally at the gatherings. The temporary village takes care of its own food, medical, sanitary, and security needs, and prides itself on leaving behind a site that is clean and green. The stated goals of the gathering are peace, unity, love, and respect for the Mother Earth. All are welcome. Scouts are moving into the National Forest lands in Appalachia to search for a suitable site on which the Rainbow family can gather in July. They arc looking for 1987 NEW IJOJlLt> eyer,£ Of' e£L£BRAT'LON8 eAI..£N1>...t1t JOURNAL about a 50-acre area of flat or rolling meadows and open woods with a good water supply. The site must be remote from towns and paved roads, yet must have adequate parking for 1,000 or more vehicles somewhere nearby. T o discourage unwanted interference, the site should be accessible only by several miles of trail or road that is closed to vehicles. If there is anyone in the bioregion who knows of a suitable site with a stable ecosystem and soils that would not be dislocated by a great amount of human activity, please contact the Rainbow scouts at the Rainbow regional center: ~ !ftl' ~ ~ Rainbow Family of Living Light Box 1097 Newport, TN 37821 8 1/2" x 1", 160 p ci9es, over 100 cfi.cin s cind tUus trcitlons. r\vcilLci&te f or Sl l.80 ppcL. from: For more information on the continental Rainbow Gathering. contact their publication: All Ways Free Box664 Bearsville, NY 12409 Cross-Cu t turat CaLe nr:!ar Journat of Celebrations New 1Jortc£ Ce!e&r citt.ons L P .O. Box. 6054 CfmrCotte , NC 28207 ...... ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~__. KATUAH - page 29 Winter 1986-87 �Ridge mountains with facilities available to rent for groups or individual retreats, either guided or unstructured. Send for information and seasonal calendar of healing, iransformativc events to: Indian Valley Holistic Center: RL 2, Box 58; Willis, VA SCIENCE CENTER dedicated to the understanding and appreciation of the natural world. For membership or visiting info, write P.O. Box 2771; Gainesville, GA 30503. 24380. AMRITA HERBAL PRODUCTS - Comfrey, Eucalyptus, or Golden Seal Salve, Lemon or Lavender Face Cream. Made with natural and essential oils and love. Send for brochure: RL I, Box 737; Floyd, VA 24001. HEROES CONCERT - Music and stories about Martin Luther King, Rosa Parks, and other champions of peace and courage. For mformauon and bookings, contact: Meg Macleod, 160 Flint SL. AsheviUe, NC 28801 (704) 254-6484. APPALACHIAN PATCHWORK - Mountain talcs and songs by the Appalachian Puppet Theatre. Cassette tape S7.00 from: Appalachian Puppet Theatre, 355 Cedar Creclt Road, Black Mountain, NC 28711 (704) 669-6821. HEALTH and FITNESS SELF.CARE CENTER: A private centet offering comprehensive programs or scientifiealJy and medically docwnented approaches to opumum health and fitness. Seminars, worlcshops.and private consult.a.lions for individuals, famili~ and businesses. Contact: Jeffrey Brown; HFSC; POB 278; Lexington, NC 27293 (704) 2464919. ASHEVILLE I BUNCOMBE COUNTY SOLID WASTE ALTERNATIVES PLANNING WORKSHOP: A design for handling solid wasics in any urban contexL SIS from Long Branch Environmental Education Center. RL 2, Box 132: Leicester, NC 28748. TWO PAPERS - "How to Stan a Co-op" and "Steps Toward Forming an Auto Repair Cooperative" by Dr. Rodney S. Wead, PhD. Available from Appalachian People's Service Organization; P.O. Box 1007: Blacksburg, VA THE LONE RECYCLER - Comic book adventures of humankfod's early struggle to combat wastefulness. $4.00 pp. from Long Branch Environmental Education Center. Rt. 2, Box 132; Leicester, NC 28748. HOLOGRAPH1C ASTROLOGY - Every pan of a hologram contains all the info about the entire hologram, and each cell in your body contains all the genetic data about your whole body. Similarly, every body contains all the information about the entire solar system - you are the solar system and each of your planets is one of your potentials. Chnrt &. Consultation, SS0.00 Harriet Witt Miller (704) 684-0810. MOON DANCE FARM HERBALS - hctbaJ salves, tincnues, &: Olis for birthing & family health. For brochure, please wriic: Moon Dance Fann; RL I, Box 726; Hampwn, TN 37658 DRUM WORKSHOPS - for children of all ages. therapeutic massage - Relaxes the body &: mind ...Call Martha for more info 11 (704) 258-6016 FAIRGLEN FARMS offers organic, biological fCltil.i7.ers for fann and garden. Send SASE for price list Biologically-grown produce to sell? We arc interested in acting as cooperative marlccting agenis with other growers. Write: Route I, Box 319; Clyde, NC 28721. DRUMS - Custom handcrafted ceramic dumbecks &: wooden medicine drums. CalJ Joe at (704) 258-1038 or write to: Joe Roberts, 738 Town Mountain Rd.; Asheville, NC 28804. 24060.Frce. CUSTOM CELTIC HARPS • A'Court Bason; Travianna Fann; Rt. I: Check, VA 24072. •AS WE ARE" - Women's music by Pomegranate Rose, a four-woman group playing lively original music. Cassette tape available for S9.00 ppd. from Rt. 2, Box 435; Pi1tsboro, NC 27312. CRAFTS FROM SALVADORAN AND GUATEMALAN REFUGEES lN NICARAGUA: cards, plaques, boxes, puzzles, paiches; This trade benditS refugees dittctly. Brochure from: Dry Creek Coopemive Trading 918 Jennings Ct. Woodbury, TN 37190 I CAME TO A MOUNTAIN - by William Walters. A book about the Light Ccntet (in Black Mountain, NC) and the power of prayer for peace in the world. Includes a look at the Center's activities for peace and their prayer tours around the world. Avai lable for $9.00 pp. from New World Bookstore, WNC Shopping Center, Hwy 70, Black Mountain, NC a non-profit organization. FOUR WINDS VILLAGE • health and spiritual retreat; home for children in need. For visiting info, write: Box 112: Tiger, GA 30576. 28711. FLOWER ESSENCES - Harmony with Nature&: SpiriL Gentle emotional support during transitions, specific issues, relationships. Opens communications. Self-adjusting, non-toxic, awareness "tools" for improving the inner quality. Correspondence to: Elaine Gcouge, c/o Patchwork Castle, Celo, 3931 HWY 80 So.. Burnsville, NC 28714. "PEACE THROUGH MUSIC" - Ethereal &: Tranquilizing Celestial Music tapes by Medicine Wind/George Tortorelli. Plus exotic Bamboo FluteS, rate scales. Send for free brochure: Medicine Wind Music, 86 NW SSth St., Gainesville, FL 32601. ACCESS is a fiee telephone information service on peace issues including military spending, environmental impacts of military activity, connict resolution, etc. Your only charge is your long-distance phone call. ACCESS # Is (202) 328-2323. KATUAH • page 30 APPALACHIA 1987: THE SIMPLE LIFESTYLE CALENDAR - Distributed by Appalachia Science in the Public Interest to fund their work of developing, an appropriate technology for Appalachia Photos of the "Children of Appalachia" by Warren Brunner. $6.00 pp. from ASP!; Rt. 5, Box 423; Livingston, KY 40445. "CELEBRATION SPACE: Songs to Celebrate Life" - A cassette tape completely produced, performed. and recorded by mem bets and friends of the Floyd County community to raise money for the Floyd County Community Hall. This audio songbook contains IS original songs and chants and 3 traditional songs to learn and sing in your own community. The sound quality is uneven, but the energy, spirit, and joy shine through. For the cassette tape with lyric sheet (ppd.), send SI0.00 to the Floyd County Community Hall Project; Rt. l, Box 735; Floyd, Va 24091. At ARTHUR MORGAN SCHOOL 24 students and 14 staff learn together by living in community. Curriculum includes creative academics, group decision-making, a work program, service prop:ts, extensive field trips, challenging outdoor experiences. Write: 1901 Hannah Branch Rd.; Burnsville, NC 28714. WEB WORKING is free. Send submissions to: KA1GAh P.O. Box 873 Cullowhcc, NC 28723 Winter 1986-87 �MediciHt'-' Allies K.IJJiilJ.Jl wants ta communicate your rl@ughts and feelings I() the other people in the bi.oregi.onal province. Send them to us as letters, poems, stories, drawings, or plio~ographs. Please send your contributions to us at: Kmfmh; Box 873; Cullowhee, NC 28723. The Spring Klu.U.ah. Issue XV, will focus on Women's Issues. The deadline for all submissions for that issue is January 31. Please send your ideas for future themes for Kaiiia.b. ISSUE EIGHT · S UMMER 1985 Celebration' A Way of Life . Katuah 18,000 Years Ago • Sacred Sites • Folk Aru in lhe Schools • Sun Cycle/Moon Cycle Poems: Hilda Downer • Cherokee Herit age Center • Who Owns Appalachia? BACK ISSUES full color T-.s6irt.s ISSUE TWO · WINTER 1983.84 Vona - Bear Hunten • Pigeon River • Another Way With Animals • Alma • Bceoming Politically Effective . Mountain Woodlands • Katuah Under the Drill - Spirilual Warriors In the traditional Cherokee Indian belief, the creatures in the world today are only diminutive forms of the mythic beings who once inhabited the world, but who now reside in Galuna'ti, the spirit world, the highest heaven. But a few of the original powers broke through the spiritual barrier and exist yet in the world as we know it These beings are called with reverence "grandfathers". And of them, the strongest are K.ma.1i. the lightning, the power of the sky; Utsa'natL the rattlesnake, who personifies the power of the earth plane; and Yynwj Usdj, "the little man", as ginseng is called in the sacred ceremonies, who draws up power from the underworld. Each is the strongest power in its own domain. Together they are allies: their energies complement each other to form an even greater power. As medicine allies, they represent the healing power of the Appalachian Mountains. The medicine powers of Katuah have been depicted in a striking T-shirt design by Ibby Kenna. Printed in 5-color silkscreen by Ridgerunner Naturals on top-quality, all-cotton shirts, they are available now in all adult sizes from tbe~joumal. "To show respect for this supernatural trinity of the natural world is to in tum become an ally in the continuing process of maintaining harmony and balance here in the mountains of Karuah." To order, use the form below. ISSUE NINE · FALL 1985 Tho Waldcc Forest · The Trees Speak • M ia:rating Foresu · Horse Logging • Star1ing a Tree Crop • Urban Trees • Acom Bread · Myth Time ISSUE THREE • SPRINO I984 Sustainable Agriculture • Sunflowers • Humm Impact on the Forest • Childrcns' Education • Veronica Nichotas:Wcmm in Politics • Little People • Mcdicme Allies ISSUE TEN · WINTER 19&5-86 Kate Rogers • Circles of Stone • Internal Mytlunatting • Holistic Healing on Trial • Poems: Steve Knauth • Mythic Places • The Uktcna's Talc • Crystal Magic • "Drcamspcalcing • ISSUE FOUR · SUMMER 1984 Water Orum • Water Quality • Kudm • Solar Ecbpsc • Clearcunin& • Trout • Going to W ater • Ram Pumps • Microhydro • Poems: Bennie Lee Sinclair, Jim Wayne Miller ISSUE ELEVEN· SPRING 1986 Communily Planning • Cities and tho Bioregional Vision • Recycling • Community Gardening- Floyd County, VA • Gasohol · Two Biorcgional Views • Nuclear Supplement • Foxfire Oomes Good Medicine: Visions ISSUE FIVE - FALL 1984 Harvest - Old Ways in Cherokee Ginseng - Nuclear Wute • Our Celtic Heritage • Bioreg1onalism: Past, Present, md Future - John Wilnoty • Healing Darkness • Polities of Panic1pation ISSUETWELVE - SUMMER 1986 Livmg in the Garden • Sbiitakc • The SICRCI Scuab • NC Nuclear Rcfctcndum • Sun Root.s • Aquaculture • "HILAHl'YU": The Form ation of lhe Appalachian Mountains • WISC Woman Herbal • Good Medicine: Tobacco ISSUE SIX · WINTER 1984-85 WinLCt Sobticc Earth Ceremony Horscpasturc River • Coming of lhc Light • Log Cabin Roota • Mountain Agriculwrc: The Right Crop • William Taylor· The Future of the Forest ISSUE THIRTEEN· Fall 1986 Center For Awakening • Eliubelh Callari • A Oenllc Death • Hospice • Emel! Morgm • Dealing Creatively with Death • Home Burial Box • The Wake • The Raven Mocker · Woodslore and Wildwoods Wisdom • Good Medicine: The Sweat Lodge ISSUE SEVEN - SPRJNO 1985 S11Stainablc Economics • Hot Springs • Worlccr Ownership • The Orea! Economy • Self Help Credit Union Wild Turkey • Responsible Investing • Working in the Web of Life J<AIUAH: Bjoregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians Box 873; Cullowhee, North Carolina 28723 Back Issues Issue# __@ $2.00 = $_ _ Issue# __@ $2.00 = $_ _ Issue# __@ $2.00 = $_ _ Issue# __@ $2.00 = $_ _ Issue# __@ $2.00 = $_ _ Complete Set (2· J3) @ $18.00 = $ _ _ For more info: call Mamie Muller (704) 252-9167 Regular Membership........$10/yr. Sponsor.......................$20/yr. Contributor...................$50/yr. Name Address Enclosed is$ I() give this ejf an exrra boost on City State Zip I can be a local contact person for my area Area Code Phone Number ... T-Shirts: specify quantity color: tan S_ _ M_ _ L_ _ XL_ _ @ $9.50 each............$_ _ TOTAL PRICE= postage paid KAWAH - page 31 $_ _ Winter 1986-87 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians Records Description An account of the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, later simplified to Katúah Journal, was published from 1983 to 1993. A quarterly publication, it was focused on the bioregion of former Cherokee land in Appalachia. The early issues of the journal explain the meaning of the Cherokee name, Katúah, and why the editors wanted to view the world through a bioregional lens, rather than political boundaries. A volunteer production, the editors took a holistic view in tackling social, environmental, mental, spiritual, and emotional topics of the day, many of which are still relevant.  The Katúah Journal was co-founded by Marnie Muller, David Wheeler, Thomas Rain Crowe, Martha Tree and others who served as co-publishers and co-editors. Other key team members included Chip Smith, David Reed, Jay Mackey, Rob Messick and many others. This digital collection is only a portion of the Katúah-related materials in the W.L. Eury Appalachian Collection in Special Collections at Appalachian State University. The items in AC.870 Katúah Journal records cover the production history of the Katúah Journal. Contained within the records are correspondence, publication information, article submissions, and financial information. The editorial layouts for issues 12 through 39 are included as are a full run of the Journal spanning nearly a decade. Also included are photographs of events related to the Journal and a film on the publication. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived This resource is part of the Katúah Journal Records collection. For a description of the entire collection, see <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/937" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Katúah Journal Records (AC. 870)</a>. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The images and information in this collection are protected by the Copyright Law of the United States (Title 17, U. S. C.) and are intended only for personal, non-commercial, and educational purposes, provided proper citation is used – i.e., Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians Records, 1980-2013 (AC.870), W. L. Eury Appalachian Collection, Special Collections, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC. Researchers are responsible for securing permissions from the copyright holder for any reproduction, publication, or commercial use of these materials. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1983-1993 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource journals (periodicals) Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, Issue 14, Winter 1986-1987 Description An account of the resource The fourteenth issue of the Katúah Journal focuses on varied topics such as the work of stone carver Lloyd Carl Owle, a comparison between the Cherokee Booger dance and the Irish Mummers dance, human beings' place in nature, and an interview with people who are homeless. Authors and artists in this issue include: David Wheeler, Marnie Muller, Tom Underwood, Will Ashe Bason, Martha Overlock, Oliver Loveday, Avram Friedman, Millie Buchanan, Colleen Redman-Copus, Martha Tree, David Wheeler, and Michael Red Fox. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1986-1987 Table Of Contents A list of subunits of the resource. Lloyd Carl Owle.......1 Boogers and Mummers........3 All Species Day........6 Poem by Will Ashe Bason.......9 Good Medicine.......10 Cabin Fever University.......12 Poems by Oliver Loveday.......13 Keeping Warm: Homeless in Katúah.......14 Homemade Hot Water.......18 A Stovemaker's Narrative.......19 Natural World News.......20 Note: This table of contents corresponds to the original document, not the Document Viewer. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Sylva Herald Publishing Company, Sylva, North Carolina Subject The topic of the resource Bioregionalism--Appalachian Region, Southern Sustainable living--Appalachian Region, Southern Appalachians (People)--Social life and customs Human ecology Native American--History Cherokee Art Homeless persons--North Carolina, Western North Carolina, Western Blue Ridge Mountains Appalachian Region, Southern North Carolina--Periodicals Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/937"> AC.870 Katúah Journal records</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a title="In Copyright – Educational Use Permitted" href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-EDU/1.0/?language=en 8" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> In Copyright – Educational Use Permitted </a> Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. <a title="Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians" href="https://omeka.library.appstate.edu/collections/show/79" target="_blank"> Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians </a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Journals (Periodicals) Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1980s Alternative Energy Appalachian History Appalachian Mountains Appalachian Studies Black Bears Cherokees Children's Page Community European Immigration Folklore and Ceremony Good Medicine Habitat Katúah Katúah Organization Pigeon River Poems Politics Radioactive Waste Turtle Island Water Quality https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/2eba56fdc00beaa31e7ec2362fbd5f28.pdf b4508265c38b24f4f7d519e688f43aca PDF Text Text --~ ATUAH $JOO ISSUE XV SPRING 1987 Wo.men's Voices ! �c,g u C ONZ L - • ..,t - ~ ~gtj ... tlo 2~r~ ~ ~ COVERLETS..................................................................................... 1 POEM: ·MY MOTHER'S eves·..................................................... 5 LISLOTT HARBERTS: FORESTER............................................... 6 SUSIE l\AcMAHAN: MIDWIFE......................................................... 9 RESOURCES FOR WOMEN..........................................................10 ALTERNATIVE CONTRACEPTION ............................................... 11 BIOSEXUALllY................................................................................12 BIOREGIONALISM AND WOMEN ................................................ 13 POEMS..............................................................................................14 GOOD MEDICINE: MATRIARCHIAL CULTURE. ........................15 PEARL ...............................................................................................16 NATURAL WORLD NEWS.............................................................18 A CHILDREN'S PAGE.....................................................................21 KAlUAH - pagc 32 i ~ ~ ~ I ~ r-- 00 ~ i I l'.I) ~ �ISSUE XV SPRING 1987 We, as women, live in a time of uncertainty, and crossing through this time often feels like fording a river. The bank looks far away, but when we reach it we may find that the cold, rushing water has purified and cleansed us. We, as women, are making those crossings. As well as being an uncertain time, this is also a time of choice for us. Pausing to reflect sometimes seems weak or indecisive, but this time may be necessary for making our choices. Let us take time to listen to our inner voice. Let us choose to fill our cup full oflove, and let the blessings of that cup spill over and fill every other part of our lives. It is imperative during this time of making crossings and choices that women support each other. We need to listen to one another, to continually take soundings. Where are we in the process? How are we doing? Where are we going? Our inner musing is sacred. Harmony arises as we join our voices together in true expression of our heart's song. In this time, women's voices need to be beard. Women are being born and waiting to be born. In the release of this energy of our transformations, we help to heal the world. That is our success. Francis Goodrich And Coverlets COVERLETS: WOMEN AND THE HANDICRAFTS REVIVAL CHALLENGE THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION by Jan Davidson By 1895 the coming of the railroad had already brought the industrial revolution to the doorstep of the Appalachians. It began a decades-long migration that lured many families from their mountain farms to the fact.Ory gates looking for a place in the new social order. To observers during that period, it seemed that it would be just a matter of time until every vestige of the rural arts would disappear. Before that time people were thought to be well-rounded, achieving individuals if they were able to make everything for themselves - not necessarily well, but able 10 do it for themselves. AU of a sudden those people had become obsolete. One hundred miles away from the heart of the Appalachians in the North and South Carolina piedmont were modem, automated textile mills where children eight and nine years old worked 13 hours a day making and weaving thread. The mills would send people into the mountains to recruit families to work for them. They would find a mountain shack, one almost falling down, and tell the man of the family, "You're being left behind, buddy. You'd better get in line. Come down here, and we'll fix you up in a company house with electricity, indoor toilets, and good jobs for you and your entire family." Even now if you go look up the roots of families in Gaffney, Gastonia, and Greenville, SC, you will find that if you go back a few generations, a lot of them come right out of the hills. It was during this time that a woman named Frances Goodrich moved into the mountains near Asheville, NC. She was what mountain people call a "fotched-on woman". She was from Binghamton, NY of an old and wealthy New England family. She had attended the Yale Art School and (continued on p. 3) KATUAH - page 1 Sprin) 1987 �• JV\Tgi-H , ..... . . !U1i:J:CiilH:tdW l1li!:lt6'l1lMl#l4.itli il#l#1@f4U:@l 1tM#jM¢I......._ EDITQRIAL STAFF nus ISSllB: Scott Bird Michael Red Fox Judith Hallock Rob Messick Marnie Muller Tad Poles Chip Smith Brad Stanback Martha Tree David Wheeler EDITORIAL ASSISTANCE: Will Ashe Bason Chaquoia Mahaney Kay Byer Manha Overlock Sylvfa Fox Kathleen Mclaughlin Julie Gaunt (love and oookies) Tom Hendricks Raven and Minne Kala Emile Sawyer Oliver Loveday Sara Jane Thomas ..... and the light of children and Star Crystals EDITORIAL OFFICE THIS ISSUE: Globe, NC WBITEUSAI: KlWBh PRINTED BY: Sylva~ Publishing Co. Sylva, NC TELEPHONE: (704) 252-9167 Box 873 Cullowhee, NC Katuah Province 28723 Speciat thanfts to ttichaet a.n4 ~on.n.i.e Li.ebhout for thei.r i.n.va.Lu®Ce cissi.sta.nce to u.s. The Internal Revenue Service has declared .Kalllab a non-profit organization onde.r section 50l(c)(3) of lhe Internal Revenue Code. All contributions to Kaliiah are deducn'ble from personal income i.ax. JRV0CllT:l0R Here in the southern-most hean/an.d ofthe Appalachian mountains, the oldest mountain range on our continent, Turtle Island, a small but growing group has begun to take on a sense of responsibility for the implications of that geographical and cultural heritage. This sense of responsibility centers on the concept of Jiving within the natural scale and balance of universal systems and laws. We begin by invoking the Cherokee name "Katftah'' as the old/new name for this area of the mountains and for its journal as well. The editorial priorities for us are to collect and disseminate information and energy which pertains specifically to this area, and to foster the awareness 1ha1 the land is a living being deserving of our love and respect. Living in this manner is the only way to ensure the sustainability of our biosphere and a lasting place for ourselves in its continuing evolutionary process. We seem to have reached the fulcrum point of a "di> or die" situation in terms of a continued quality standard of life on this planet. It is the aim of this journal to di> its part in the re-inhabitation and re-culturation of the Katiiah province of the Southern Appalachians. This province is indicated by its natural boundaries: the Roanoke River Valley to the north, the foothills of the piedmont area to the east; Yona Mountain and the Georgia hills to the south; and the Tennessee River Valley to the west. Humbly, as self-appointed stewards with sacred instructions as ''new natives" to protect and preserve its sacredness, we advocate a centered approach to the concept of decentralization and hope to become a support system/or those accepting the challenge of sustainability and the creation of harmony and balance in a total sense, here in this place. We welcome all correspondence, criticism, pertinent information, articles, artwork, etc. with hopes that ~ will grow to serve the best interests of this region and all its living, breathing family members. - The Editors KATUAH-page2 : -· £~ing 1987 �COVERLETS (continued from p. I) been to Europe. She was very much a lady of her time. She was single, had no particular interest in raising a family, was very smart, and very much of an achiever. What was a woman with all these characteristics to do in the 1890's ? One answer for that time was to do good works: be a missionary, a social worker, a charity volunteer. The other answer had to do with art - a nice, proper, rich girl was very much involved with iL So Frances combined the two in her life. She came to Buncombe County, NC in 1890 to set up a settlement house. An important model for her work was Jane Addams' Hull House in Chicago. This was a new idea, a very popular idea, and by 1890 most of the big cities in America had at least one settlement house. The first one had been started in London in 1884 when Oxford and Cambridge students organiud a settlement house in the slums. In that early manifestation of the idea, it was almost as if they thought that by placing a person from an upper-class background in a slum neighborhood, the effect would magically transform the neighbors. The model for a settlement house was a storefront in a poor neighborhood where volunteers opened the door and hung out a sign so that people passing by would see it and drop in to get information on nutrition, sanitation, children's education, money management - basic life skills that the poor people did not necessarily have. In the absence of any government social agencies, these settlement houses did a tremendous amount of practical good. In the settlement house movement handicrafts and social work were already tied together. To support this aspect of their work, the early social work volunteers drew largely on the writings of John Ruskin and William Morris, two Englishmen who were the spiritual godfathers of the settlement house movement and the arts and crafts revival. Ruskin and Morris proposed the movements as antidotes to the demeaning life industrialization had brought to workers and as a statement of the ennobling virtues of handwork. Ruskin had warned that people were becoming little more than parts of machines, and that they enjoyed no creativity or satisfaction in theii labor. His disciple Morris had early denounced the poor quality of machine-made goods, and the brutal industrial system that produced them. In time, be offered an alternative, setting up a workshop where high-quality, well-designed items were made using old methods of handwork. Ruskin himself had sponsored a revival of the handmade linen industry in Langdale, Englamd in 1885. According to Morris, "The beauty of handicrafts comes from this: that the workman has control over his material, tools, and time. The followers of Ruskin and Morris called themselves the Arts and Crafts Movement Their interest in old hand methods of manufacture had led them to pay special attention to those parts of rural England where, as in Appalachia, the Industrial Age bad not yet prevailed. The idea of the intrinsic value of handwork was a very old one, but it was given a new expression here in the 19th Century as the evidence of the evils of industrialization became obvious. (continued on p. 4) Coverlets display, 1935 - the photo has been marked to identify patlems for sales plll]lOSeS. Top row, from left: SL Anne's Robe, Blooming Flower. High Criclc, Zion Rosie, Dogwood. Bottom row: Whig Rose, Rattlesnake, Pine Cone, Three Roads Trail, Double Chariot Wheel KATIJAH - page 3 Spring 1987 �The Lealhuwood family. Coverlets were prized posessions and were ofien used as baclcdrops for fonnal family phocographs. COVERLETS (continued from p. 3) Frances Goodrich began the first rural settlement house in a cove near Asheville, NC. She was also instrumental in initiating what is now called the Appalachian handicrafts revival. Being a progressive, educated woman, it is likely that she was aware of Ruskin and Morris and the theoretical basis of the arts and crafts movement, but as she later told the story, the importance of the coverlets woven in backwoods cabins by the mountain women came to her as a sudden revelation when a neighbor woman brought her a fifty-year-old coverlet for a gift in 1895. Frances, with her artist's eye, was aware that this was a very fine piece of work. She knew that most of the women in the area had looms around the house that were not being used. Her first thoughts were: "Could we produce the coverlets at a moderate cost? And if so, could we find or make a market for them? At that time there was in this country no general interest in such handicraft, and little demand for hand-woven fabrics. 'The coverlet made a journey north, and the admiration it received made me believe that if we in the cove could produce the like, a market could be found It was surely worth a try, and in the trying we would at least have a good time." (Frances Goodrich, from Mountajn Homespun. Yale University Press, 1931) ON OLD BARN LOOMS The weaving tradition extended back to Ireland where weaving fine linens from flax was a very important cottage industry for the women of lower-class families. When the Scotch-Irish settlers came into the mountains, they began to raise sheep to supply wool for their clothing needs and built the old "barn looms", which were large and heavy but serviceable, to weave cloth for their families. It was on these looms that the techniques for the "overshot" coverlets, an authentic New World art form, were developed. In the old Appalachian cabin culture wool was processed at home, and the yarn was dyed with colors from native plants, such as mullein, goldenrod, Joe Pye weed, rock tripe lichen, the bark of chestnut oak and apple trees, onionskins, and marigold flowers. A few "boughten" dyes were also used: indigo, madder root, and cochineal being among the most popular and most available. The coverlets were woven from homespun, white cotton yarn across which the colored woolen yam was "overshot" to create the vibrant designs that carried names like: "Pine Cone Bloom", "49 Snowballs", Governor's Garden", "Star and Cross", "Sun, Moon, and Stars", "Lee's Surrender", and "Cat Tracks and Snails' Tails". By the I820's machine-made cotton had already begun to replace the homespun, but sheep were a usual part of the livestock of mountain farms to within living memory. Draft patterns passed down from mother to daughter within the family gave diagrammed instructions on how to KATIJAH- page 4 set up the loom, push the pedals, and alternate the colors. The coverlets were made for he.irlooms and were often in a mountain girl's dowry when she went off to be married. To the old mountain people the coverlets symbolized beauty, warmth, and kinship. They originally had no commercial purpose whatsoever. But during the handicrafts revival they began to be made as something to be sold out of the region that came to represent that region to the rest of the world. Whether for good or ill, this made a definite change in the relationship of the weaver to the piece of work and of the piece of work to the land. The old coverlets stayed right in the family. The coverlets made for Frances Goodrich went to Chicago and New York. One detail that exemplified that difference was the seam between the panels that were sewn together to make the coverlets. In most of the coverlets made before 1895, the seam is not closely matched. After 1895 most of the coverlets that were made for sale as part of the Appalachian handicrafts revival had peifectly matched seams. There were a couple of reasons for that. For one thing, the eqwpmenf became better. One of the advancements of the handicrafts revival was that during the 1920's the cumbersome, old barn loom was replaced by a well-built, streamlined loom that was smaller, lighter, and easier to operate. The women could run a more even beat on these looms, and the patterns came out more even. A second reason was that the ladies who were leading the handicraftrevival told che weavers, "Match the seams." It seems very quaint to some people that the mountain women needed someone to point that out to them. The real reason behind that, however, was in how they thought of it. A Yankee woman thought of a coverlet as a bedspread, and or course she wanted it to look like a single piece of cloth. B\lt the mountain women thought about it as a thing that was taken apart at the seams once every year or two so it could be W!lshed in the creek in a basket and spread across some bushes to dry. Then the coverlet was sewn back together, and if the middle panel looked like it was wearing out, the pieces were switched about so that the wear was distributed. The idea, after all, was to keep it clean, keep it in the family, keep it forever, and use it : When Frances Goodrich gave her reasons for working td begin the handicrafts revival, bringing money to the people was about the third item on her list She thought of it first of all as a way of bringing some color to the "drab lives", as she described them, of the mountain women. That attitude itself may have shown some cultural centrism. Mountain women generally maintained a stoic demeanor, and th~y certainly were not as expressive in their clothes and personalities as people at an urban art school. Frances Goodrich did not necessarily have a concept of folklore in mind either. Although she recognized the woven overshot coverlets as an old tradition, she was not so m·uch interested in preserving that craft as she was in px:oviding the women an activity. But her Allanstand marketing operation, which first worked from a rural location outside of Asheville and later moved into a storefront in town, did provide money for the (continued on p. 25) COVERLETS is an exhibit of an authentic mountain handcraft featuring 40 pieces woven between 1840 and 1940. Special attention is given to the mountain handicraft revival of the 1890's with photos and documents from several of the WJ:>men key to beginning the movement. The exhibit will be at the Mountain Heritage Center in the Robinson Administration Building on the campus of Western Carolina University, Cullowbee, NC through July, 1987. Visitors are welcomed from 8-5 on weekdays. "Weaving Wednesday" with demonstrations on band looms by volunteers from the Smoky Mountain Fiber Arts Guild is rrom 1-4 on Wednesday afternoons. A nine-projector, multi-image slide program "New Threads in Old Patterns" accompanies the exhibit. Spring 1987 �MY MOTHER'S EYES Mother, with your Falcon's eyes, I saw today in Cullowhee an Eagle which circled Overhead and Dipped its wings In perfect freedom. t• Mother, I was alone, Walking on a Mountain path. Mother, I was Alone and saw An eagle dip its wings and ,,,__ . --- Draw a circle Around the way I traveled as if My path was in the Sky and, child of Your falcon eyes, I Saw the earth with Eagles flying high. Mother, its wings Were dipped in An azure sky. Patricia Claire Peters KATUAH-page5 ~ing 1987 �- - - - ...... - .. - ~ ..-.... LISLOTT HARBERTS A Woman Who Cares For Forests Llslott Harberts by David Wheeler It was summer when we first visited Lislott Harberts why her forestry operation, FOREST CARE, was making such a stir among people who knew something about trees and about the timber industry in the Appalachians. I remember that when we met her on the job site, she came striding down out of the woods so confidently and with such a wide smile, that when she drew close I was surprised to see that she only came up to my chin. I also remember that mostly what we saw of her for the rest of that visit was the back of her green work jeans and the enormous chopping knife strapped to the back of her belt, as we hurried up the hill, listening to a description of the work in progress. Ms. Harben's FOREST CARE company is different from other forestry consulting firms in the Statesville, NC area: the business of FOREST CARE is not to extract the maximum profit from tree-cutting operations, but rather to set up long-term relationships with landowners to create healthy forests that are at once beautiful and profitable on a sustained basis. to find out "We have carefully chosen the name of our company: FORES!' CARE. In our complex English language the word "care" has two meanings: the primary one carries an emotional connotation. We at FOREST CARE care about forests. The second meaning turns the feeling into action: because we care, we have become 'caretakers'. 'Two basic rules make up the credo of FOREST CARE. Rule one: WORK WITH NATURE. Forestry can be defined as manipulation of living trees. Every species, every grouping of trees follows certain biological rules. By learning about these rules, we can encourage nature to do what she is already inclined to do. We can induce natural regeneration, improve growth, modify species composition, and get her generous cooperation. "Rule two naturally follows rule one: DONT MANHANDLE NATURE. If you throw a si/vicultural tantrum, expect to be spanked, because the lady has a way to fightback! "Don't expect trees to play roles they are not meant to play, or they will go on strike. Shade-intolerant species cannot regenerate in shade. Slow-growing species cannot KATUAH - page 6 compete with fast starters. Shade-seeking trees sulk in full sunlight. 'These seem like very simplistic rules, yet they are conrinuously overlt>oked in routine industrial for est managemefll." The two points that set FOREST CARE apart from other logging operations are, first, the differing goals of the company's management policy and, second, the skill with which they are carried out Ms. Harbens relies largely on selective cutting techniques to bring a forest stand to a long-term state of health. She will use clear-cutting on a site that has been "high-graded", where all the best timber has been removed. leaving only the poorer species and smaller trees to propagate a forest of inferior quality, but clearcutting is only done on a site that needs a completely new start to produce high-quality trees. The determining factors in the work of FOREST CARE are the needs of the land itself and the management goals of the landowners. "Don't expect trees to play roles they are not meant to play or they will go on strike. " "If a private landowner wants to manage a forest and has ruled out a clear-cut, aesthetics is almost certainly an important consideration in his or her management decisions. 'There is nothing more gratifying than to look at a quality tree. People see those trees, and, yes, they know there is money in that kind of timber, but there is also so much pleasure in the aesthetics. That is a non-dollar value that is very real in small woodlot managemem. "We try to keep a realistic sense ofbusiness. Slow, caring Spring 1987 �work tends to cost more than production-oriented logging, at least up front. Stumpage prices that are qumed in any given area are based on clearcutting, because that is the rowine procedure in our region. We tell landowners not to expect selective cutting for the same stumpage price. However, if they opt for the more costly approach, they can be almost sure that it is a good investmenl, since it is likely to lead to improved quality in their timber. "When we are called to a job, we submit our plan in the form of a proposal. We tell che landowner: 'This is whac we can do for you, this is what it will cost you, and this is where le will be different from a standard job; plus you will have a lovely place to walk in, you will have wildlife, and srreams that were clear bejore will be clear after the work is done. Then it is up to the landowner to make the decision." Ms. Harbens is of Swiss descent, and so bad a deep love and respect for trees instilled in her since childhood. But she did not begin her forestry career until she was already into middle age, and she and her husband wanted to begin to manage pan of the forest on their own propeny. "/got started because we could not find services for our own land. We had forest land, and we knew what we wanted done. We engaged a consulting forester who made us a management plan and put all these approaches in, and we said, 'Exactly whac we had in mind! Now would you please get the loggers in and let them srart?' "He said, 'Oh, there"s nobody who could do that!' "At that point my husband said, 'look, the kids don't really need you any more, so why don't you see if 'Y.f}JLCan get this project done.' "/ spent the next two years in the forest with the logging crews, observing, learning, supervising, arid participating where I could. The men showed me how to hook up a log, how to drive a tractor, why to do this, and why not to do that. We also tried new things together. I learned abow good logging and bad logging, good clear-cuts and bad clear-cUts. I realized that one ofthe biggest problems in the logging world is that loggers have never really had any basic skills training. And if you do not have the skills, you cannot plan a job." FOREST CARE got staned, as Ms. Harberts put.s it, because "the neighbors looked over the fence and said That's what Y& want."' Now FOREST CARE has two and sometimes three logging crews working regularly, mostly on custom forestry jobs for small landowners. The work is coming in steadily, and Ms. Harbens says she has been able to keep her crews working even during times when other crews have been idle. Llslott Ha.rberts is very aware of the contradictions of her position as a middle-aged, former housewife working in Lislott Harberts is very aware of the contradictions of her position as a middle-aged, former hou sewife working in what is traditionally a very masculine domain. what is traditionally a very masculine domain. "At first loggers thought it was preposterous. 'What? Work for a woman who can't even speak English?"' Ms. Harbens laughs. But she herself sometimes wonders how she came to be out in the woods dealing with the pressure of work that is physically demanding and requires const.ant responsibility for estimating and decision-making. She often reflects on bow strange it is that she should be one of those bringing the message of responsible forest management to the - continued on next page Lislott Harberts: ON SUSTAINED YIELD "It's not that no one knows what good forestry is. It's all there in the books. It's just that it's not being carried out. FOREST CARE does nothing that bas not been practiced before, but some of our practices are not commonly available in this region. Our goal is simple: we want to help landowners become the kind or stewards they would like to be. "The ability of a site to deliver sustained yield is very much a question of the size of the tract and the species of trees involved. A tract of several thousand acres can easily provide a good continuing yield, but it would be hard to get 50 acres of oaks to produce a regular income poplars and white pines, perhaps; oaks, no. "Sustained yield is also a question or timing. It often means postponing immediate gain for a greater gain in the future. •••• • "Deciding what techniques to use depends on the condHion of the site and the goals of the landowner. Everyone wants to get a good stand of quality trees on their land, but what is the best species for that particular site? "The landowner also may have other ideas in mind than just selling timber. Often with small KATUAH - page 7 landowners aesthetic and recreational factors figure strongly in any plan. We recently did a stand that was being managed strictly as a wildlife stand. A wildlife biologist was the first one on the site. It was interesting. His management plan suggested almost exactly what good forestry would have demanded. ••••• "I consistently am telling landowners that planting trees is not the same thing as forest management. If a landowner wants a particular species of tree, and the soil is right, then he may want to plant it. But usually it is much better to start with the natural habitat and ask, 'What will do well here? Let 's find out and help those species a long. ' " Planting trees is an uphill fight. It is a constant struggle to maintain the life of those trees for the first 8-12 years of their existence. " Yellow poplar, for instance, is a very promising species for a timber tree in the future that is very much maligned right now. There is no need to plant poplar trees. Given parent trees and some exposed soil, they seed themselves very easily. - continued on next page Sprin;J 1987 �Llslott H11rberts Appalachian foothills. But, considering it objectively, is it so strange that a woman should be especially qualified to work among the trees? The new forestry (Llslott Harberts would simply say "good forestry") requires, first of all, a rapport with naiure and a sense of the needs of the non-human forest community. The key to achieving a sustained yield of timber on any forest site requires an attitude directed toward fostering a healthy forest ecosystem in all its diversity rather than demolishing it for immediate profit. The field technique that fulfills that attitude is to regard each site, even each tree, as individual and unique and to prescribe the particular treatment ~ctated by each unique situation. " That tree will need to come out," she said at one point, "and it's going to fall right into the kindergarten where all these young sprouts are coming up." Ms. Harberts speaks of the trees in her charge in a highly personal way. As we went through the woods, she said, "There's a cripple, poor thing," and she would speak of "these gentlemen over here" or "Santa Claus over there". "That tree will need to come out," she said at one point, "and it's going to faJI right into the kindergarten where all these young sprouts are coming up." Drawing on her European heritage, Ms. Harberts is a capable, exacting business-person, yet she loves the forest for its beauty and brings a delightful sense of humor to her work. She is a very refined person, yet, like the loggers she ON SUSTAINED YIELD continued "Poplar is by nature one of the best-formed trees, and it has a tremendous growth ra te. It can be used for framing. The furniture industry favors it because it takes any kind of color stain. It is also the easiest species to manage for valuable veneer wood. ••••• "Selective cutting can be done only when there is saleable timber in the stand. Otherwise, a cut is a "timber stand improvement" (TSI) cut. A TSI brings little if any income to the landowner, but if I come into a mess, I will not tell the landowner, 'I will take out your good trees.' I say, 'Let's leave your good trees and take your bad trees. You will make less, but you r good trees wiJJ get better.' "TSJ is a big investment for the landowner, but in a promising stand it is a good investment that will pay off many times over as the lot is continuously managed over time. "When we do have conditions for selective cutting, there are many different ways to select. Some tree species lend themselves to single-tree selection. With white pines, for instance, we can create wonderful effects where in a single stand the grand-dad, the middle aged t rees, the teenagers, and the babies are all growing together, and this balance can be perpetuated. T his is the classic uneven-aged management system. It's possible with white pines because the you ng ones enjoy t he gentle light that is filter ed through the shade of their parents, and they will take the place of their elders when their grand-dad is taken out by selective logging. "Selective cutting with hardwoods is tricky and the results are not seen so fast. One of my KATUAH- page 8 works with, bard work in the woods satisfies something very deep and basic within her. She is highly disciplined she has mastered the technical aspects of her calling completely and has an impeccable knowledge of the forest trees, their habits, and their needs - but she is also flexible and learns from each new situation she encounters in her day-to-day experience. "A big problem in rhe timber industry of this region is thar the loggers are over-financed and over-equipped. In this area a cracr.or works better than a slddder for the smaller jobs. But fo~ a larger job one of the smaller skidders - say, a Franklin 134, a John Deere 450, or even a 500 - work fine. A machine any bigger than that would be 100 hard to maneuver for our type of work, and the job would actually go slower because the operawr would have 10 be Sfl awfully careful. 'Tracwr-1.oatiers serve our purpose much helter llwn a truck with a knuckle-boom loader, because 1hey are so much more mobile. Jf you don't have big jobs, il's a real project moving a knuckle-boom from one site 10 another. 'We IUJVe a flying crew 1hat can leave one job and be a1 work again a1 ano1her si1e in two hours. When you have a lot of big dinosaur equipmem, 1here's no way you can do 1/wt. Jfyour equipmem is big, you need a big job. "/ 1hink it's bes1 10 buY the fines1-grade equipmen1. /i's cheaper in the long run, because the good equipment will hold together and produce, produce, produce, and you avoid a fol of repair bills and down-lime, which can get very expensive. "We do not do subsidized logging. It is my responsibiliry to see that/, the loggers, 1he landowner, and the sawmill all make some ITl()ney. With my kind of crew - continued on page 26 crews bas just finished selective cutting in 110 acres of hardwoods. This was one of the most challenging jobs we have done. It took a year, and we took out a million board feet of timber. "We used two k.i nds of selective cutting at that site. If we saw a mature poplar within a good distance of two younger poplars, our very skilled loggers wouJd take that big poplar out between the younger trees. But there were other areas where all the trees were big oaks with lopsided crowns that had not been harvested 40 years ago because they were worthless as timber trees. Literally, taking two of these trees out made a one-quarter acre opening in the forest canopy. This was not big enough to provide ample light for young oaks to grow, so we had to enla r ge these cuts to three-quarters of an acre. Then a slow-growing species like oak would have enough room to regenerate. That was also a selection, but it was a group selection. "If understory trees are not in the way of one of the 'stars', then leave them. These trees are 'trainers' for the next generation of the dominant species. Ideally, we want to arrange it so that the crowns of the best trees are unencumbered by competition, but their trunks ar e protected. ••••• "There is a tremendous need to educate landowners about selective cutting - about the methods, the cost picture, and the benefits. But if it could be d one we could expect to see far-reaching chan ges in the timber industry. A well-developed p rivate timber-producing sector would relieve a lot of pressure on the Forest Service and would set an example that would help change the forestry practices used in the national forests. Conceivably we could, over time, move gradually back into selling high-quality hardwood ~ timber." pt' Spring 1987 �- · .. .a. - a• .. - ... _ - ...- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . �W®mm<em 0 m IR<e~®lllllf<t~ <C~IDft~ll' In response to the needs of women in its area, the YWCA of Asheville, NC has set up a Women's Resource Center. It is a place to share and exchange information as well as to fmd out about resources available to women. The Center offers one-to-one peer suppon, educational seminars and the opponunity to join an existing group or form a new one. As a meeting place for all women, the Women's Resource Center is a welcome asset to the community. Topics of interest include: single women parenting; juggling work and parenting; traumatic birth experiences; employment and widowing. Members and non-members alike are welcome at no charge. Suggestions and input are invited. For more info, contact: Ann Von Brock, YWCA, 185 S. French Broad Ave., Asheville, NC/# 28801. (704) 254-7200. I' Until fairly recently, the problem of domestic violence has been very effectively "hushed-up". It has been traditionally dismissed as an individual or family problem to be dealt with privately. This is changing thanks to a sisterhood of domestic violence programs which have sprung up across the U.S. Some courageous women, often having escaped a battering situation themselves, started providing shelters for their battered sistm. These first sheltecs became models for later programs. R.E.A.C.H. of Jackson County, NC is one of the local groups in mountain communities that are reaching out to abused women. Mountain women, who may be affected by geographic isolation and economic stress, face increased risk of domestic violence. Also, there is an increased incidence of abuse in the "bible-belt" area Already, in the few years of its o.-ation, R.E.A.C.H. has supported hundreds of women in their process of empowennent. It has become a major resource for women in breaking the cycle of violence in an area where they previously suffered in an absence of support. Frequently, different forms of domestic violence occur in one family. Furthermore, the self-perpetuating nature of family violence means that children who grow up in a violent environment will continue the pattern as adults. How many more women need shelter or suppon and do n()( seek it? They face economic, social, and psychological obstacles in leaving the men who beat them. They may be immobilized by fear, anger, guilt, or even doubts about their own sanity. KA TUAH - page 10 We live in a society which tolerates and to a large extent encourages violence. This is a major cultural flaw. Domestic violence is a symptom of a widespread disease. It's time for men and women together to re-assess our culture's propensity to violence. There are peaceful societies where children grow up to love peace. We can surround our children with loving and affectionate environments. Conflicts can be negotiated without the use of violence. Domestic violence can be relegated to the pasL Let's choose peace in the home now. There are about 20 domestic violence programs in the Katuah area. For more information about the programs, contact: Georgia Network Against Domest.ic Violence 250 Ga. Ave... SB Suite 367 AtWu.. Ga. 30312 404.524-3847 Norlh Carolina Coalition A&ainst Oomestic Violence POBoxrn Conc:onl. NC 28026-0877 704-786-9317 T - T u k Fon:e On Family Violence PO Box 120972 Nashville, TN. 37212-0972 615-242-8288 Virginians Against Domestic Viol~ POBoxS692 Richmond. v &. 23210 804-780..3SOS West Virginia Coalition Against Domestic Violence Fam.ily Refuge Service ~YWCA of wi-ling Chapline SL noo Wheeling, WV 26003 3044IS-6334 graphic: Swain Co. SAFE. inc Spring 1987 �IR~~ a7 !~ lh>®®lk~? ....~mm~ $llll!!~$~®1D~ ~a W®mm~m 0 $ ~ftllll~a®~ ~ ffi®~®lllllr<t®~ lllft A~lU A rich selection of Women's Studies courses are available not only to students at Appalachian State University (Boone, NC) but also to anyone in the wider community...women .and men. Courses include such topics as: Sex Roles In Cross-Cultural Perspective; Woman As Image & Image-Maker; and Appalachian Women: Myths and Reality. Since 1979, ASU has offered students the opportunity to elect a minor in Women's Studies by taking an interdisciplinary program of co~ taught in various departments across campus. In addition to the Women's Studies Minor, other opportunities both academic and non-academic are available including academic and professional advising; a speakers' bureau on topics related to women; and non-academic services available on and off campus. An informative newsletter is published six times yearly by the Office of Women's Studies which lists events, classes and resouroes. For more info on the newsletter or the programs: Office of Women's Studies, 107 D.D.Dougherty Library, ASU, Boone, NC 28608/ Woman and Nature: The Roaring Inside of Her Susan Griffin Eartli Wisdom Dolores LaChapel/e Always Coming Home Ursula LeGuin In Search ofOur Mothers Gardens Alice Walker Goddesses In Everywoman Jean Sltimcda Bolen Fai Is A Feminist Issue Susie Orbach Spiders And Spinsters Marta Weigle Moon, Moon Anne Kent Rush Women's Mysteries Esther Harding Our Bodies, Ourselves Boston Womens Health Collective mid many others... .. .,..· ·.• ··.• . Just before the first frosts make the leaves tum, the Queen Anne's Lace comes into perfect harvesting condition. The umbels are brown, folded up, and dry, but the seeds are not yet scattered. Plants growing like this in close proximity to our doorstep and in great abundance are saying, "Use me. Use me often." Herbalist Susun Weed has shared the information with us that Queen Anne's Lace (or Wild Carrot) is possibly the best contraceptive there is. Apparently Indian women in the Far East have been using Wild Carrot seed as the preferred method of contraception for ages. In her book, ~ Wise Woman Herbal for the Childbearin& Year, Susun mentions these hairy little seeds as a morning-after contraceptive. The directions she gives are to talce one teaspoonful the morning after a fertilizing intercourse and continue for five days. Queen Anne's Lace seeds work by making the inner wall of the uterus slippery so that no egg will implant. How beautifully simple! Since writing her book Susun has learned of a group of white women in Alaska who have been using Wild Carrot seeds with great success for eight years. They were eating up to half a teaspoonful of the seeds everyday. They woul4 sprinkle the seeds on their food and keep a bowl of them sining on the table so they could take a few seeds each time they walked by. Two of the women decided they wanted to have children while they were using this method, so they simply discontinued using the seeds and conceived promptly. Hall women knew about this method and would put the method into practice, what a blow to the drug companies it would be! Who would want to cal their pills and suffer the dreadful. side effects (one of them being the draining of money from our pockets) any longer? A very dynamic resource for accessing women's music is Ladyslipper's annual publication of the most comprehen.;ive Catalog and Resource Guide of Records and Tapes by Women. This exceptional annotated me catalog offers recordings by an expansive variety of female musicians, writers, comics and composers. Ladyslipper is a regional, non-profit. tax-exempt organizatioc involved in many facets of women's music. Begun in 1976, its main emphasis is to heighten public awareness of the achievements of women artists and musicians and to expand the scope and availability of musical and literary recordings by women. To contact Ladyslipper, P.O.Box 3130, Durham, NC 27705. graphics: Rob Messick KATUAH - page 11 am .,.,., ,, - Ise Williams Spri.rv; 1987 �H ealing Our H earts H ealing The Earth The Promise of Biosexuality "The flowering of human sexuality is the untapped resource for the evolution and healing of the Planet." The nature of my experience as a human being has been such that I have spent a lot of time looking for deeper meanings in my experience, and looking for the events or feelings which give meaning to iL Probably the most "disturbing" and enlightening type of energy I have worked wilh consistently over the years is sexual energy. Over the last several months, I have come upon information and experiences which have allowed me to integrate my sexual expression with my devotion to the earth. I call this integrative sense "Biosexuality". In a nutshc!L it is "experiencing the erotic energy of the earth". It is also getting outside of the ego boundaries we feel trapped in, and feeling our sexual energy as a flow, rather than a "drive". While I have not been able to clearly define what "sexual energy" exactly is, I know it when I feel it, and I experience somewhat the same energy in erotic encounters that I do when t am intensely involved with the natural world. This experience has led me to conclude that this energy is one that flows in, around, and through us, which we can tap into and channel. There has been a lot of information published by cco-feminists on how the oppression of nature is linked, philosophically and literally, to the oppression of women. I acknowledge this work, and owe a debt to these writers. What I am striving to do is to derive inspiration for healing the earth from our experience in healing our separation from our sexual natures. Western "rational" patriarchy has tried to teach us that the earth is our enemy, and that our bodies are dirty. The contradiction of either one of these false concepts must lead inevitably to the contradiction of the other. This process should be acknowledged and expanded upon, and we will gain much wisdom and joy thereby. These understandings about sexual energy, which is the force which keeps life activated, are little known or investigated in the Euro-American cultural reality. Various ancient disciplines explored these energies, and the work of Wilhelm Reich and Carl Jung did a lot to open up these hidden matters. In the current era, as we get in touch with our own feelings as well as ancient wisdom, there is much to be done. The basis of "Biosexualiry" is a holistic sexuality, which strives to transcend ego boundaries, extending throughout the body and beyond. It requires that one be willing to look at the hidden parts of the psyche, and explore the mysteries of the erotic. As a man, I can affirm that these are difficult and important steps on the road to spiritual liberation. Quoting Edward Whitmont, "The new holistic consciousness perceives human existence as an aspect of a unitary, cosmic organism. From that perspective, conscience is an inherent potentiality which underlies existence, rather than a quasi-accidental byproduct of man-made culture." The legend of the Cirail includes a motif in which the Goddess has been ignored or despised, and the land is barren. It is the quest of the Grail Knights to encounter the Goddess, and affirm her power so that the land may be fruitful again. This is a very powerful metaphor for the present ecological catastrophe facing civilization. A key ingredient in healing the wrongs perpetrated in the name of human sexual expression is the respectful validation of female sexuality. We see this happening today in changing panems of sexual expression, as well as the validation of the Goddess through earth r ituals and scientific acknowledgement of the Gaea Hypothesis. The Feminine Principle must be restored to its pince of power in the human psyche. The key element is not the oppression of women, but the oppression of the feminine in both men and women. The imponance of feeling values must be restored to us all, and the sovereignty of women needs to be respected in human affairs. Our sense of alienation is created and bolstered as pan of the patriarchal worldview. We experience a.lienation from our own bodies, and alienation from nature. Young people are frequently taught to fear both the earth and their own feelings as evil, dirty, or poisonous. We are taught to fear the destructive forces in nature, and to dread the changeability of the weather, and our own (or another's) emotions. We try to control that which we fear, and will destroy that which we cannot control. This concept of "power over" lies at the root of all oppressive power relations, both among humans, and between humans and other life forms. We learn to separate all our experience into "good" and "bad", black and white, life and death. If we see these as opposites rather than as pans of the same thing, we are split apan from our deeper nature; our minds can deny our bodies, our thoughts can conquer our feelings. When we accept death as a natural part of the process, we may truly begin to live our lives. The denial of our sexual natures and the desire to control nature are both attempts to gain power over death. This is a needless effort; we cannot control death, but we can accept our whole experience in all its beauty and power. As we become aware of our animal/erotic selves, we can use sexual energy as a bridge between action and feeling. We are often unable to allow our work and emotional life to be in harmony. They seem like two different things. Jn erotic expression, action and feeling arc blended, and we have a chance to experience this blend.. We can get used to feeling our emotions and creatively acting on them. We can learn to acknowledge our feelings without becoming their prisoner. The healing of the split between our emotional and our acting selves is pan of the healing of the rift between the "spiritual" and the "political" in our transformational work",,# This is at least one of the promises ofBiosexualiry. ,ltY graphic: Rob Messick KATUAH - page 12 Spring 1987 �Bioregionalism/W estern C ulture/Women Bioregionalism begins to tap the very heart of the Western historic tradition by re-asking the question: "Whal is our place in t he uni verse?" Bioregionalism does this by squarely challenging the error of hierarchical thinking as it looks at: • the historic dogma of the male God's dominion (read oppression ) over the heavens and the human (white) male's dominion (oppression) over the Eanh • the secular, ptolemaic system of anthropocentrism whereby all of nalllrC revolves around lhe human race • the more "liberal" concept of benign (read pa1ernalis1ic) stewardship whereby humans "t.akc care or the Earth. As if that was not enough in itself, bioregionalism has also begun to challenge the very innards of historic Western tradition by examining the error of body/mind dualism .. This dichotomy has been woven into the very fabric of Western culture for hundreds of years, and it will be difficult to realize all the ways it has affected and lobotomizr,d us. However, bioregionalism, with its emphasis on in-corporating (literally) the sensual, the spiritual and the mental in our relationship with our Earth means that healing is occurring - that mind and body are beginning to grow together once again. Praise to all of us in our efforts toward this healing, for it is wi th this healing that our Earth will become less tormented. Another error of thinking underpinning Western culture which bioregionalism challenges is the "trash your homeplace... there's always a new frontier" mentality. In light of bioregional self-criticism, I ask that we all regard these errors of thinking in depth, in order to see how they affect not only how Western culture relates to the Earth bat also how it relates to the female. In the interest of bioregional self-criticism, I suggest that we explore in earnest how these two areas are vitally intertwined and how, in order to deal with the treatment of Earth, we must also deal with the treatment of Women. Hiera rchical T hinking For thousands of years we have been assured that God is male; that the human male has dominion over the human female; that the human female came from the human male; that the human male has dominion over the female and children; that the human male has dominion over the female, children and animals, plants and the Earth itself. This opinion has been the basis for overt physical, political, spiritual and psychological oppression for centuries. Finally, a number of males today have begun to "catch on" (many females have known for quite some time), to realize that by this system they too are entrapped. They have begun ·to realize the perverseness and pervasiveness of this system, ~s some people in the white population have begun to get a glimmer of the oppression directed towards peoples of color. Still, realization is only a first step. Pervasiveness is insidious when it comes to actually changing an age-old system. Body/Mind Dualis m By historically divorcing 'mind' from 'body', Western culture was able to do away with a number of truths. This KATUAH - page 13 by Marnie Muller was accomplished by drastically reducing the human powers of perception and declaring them to be false. Our perceptions (not deceptions) had told us that the Earth was alive, that we were pan of this functioning process...that che food we ate and the air we breathed united us with this intimizing process...that our children were born of this process...that the Eanh turned from this process. Stars beckoned us. Waters lapped us. Sunlight fell on us. Music/sound pulsed through us. Western culture untied us from this "process" - from sensual reality. (By 'sensual', I mean all the aspects of our being which allow us co experience fully, with all our senses, the creation around us.) Western culture began to emphasize mind and 'spiric' and to denigrate the sensual. The sensual became "other'' - it was a source of enticement, temptation, of sin, blame - something to be suppressed.· Because the culcure was dominaced by male patriarchal concepts which identified the male with 'mind', the female was then identified with 'sensual', 'flesh', 'dark'. With suppression came oppression. Objectificacion and use of the female and objectification and use of the Earth occurred. Perception of the full presence of the female and of the full presence of the Earth was obscured because of this objectification. T he Homeplace In bioregional thought, the homeplace is sacred. In Western culture, it is the place "to get away from"; the homeplace is the place where chores need to be done, where children are, where the elderly need to be cared for. In a wider context, the homeplace is boring, should be used up so that new frontiers can be moved towards. At best, it is used as a retreat. Throughout cultural history, the female is associated with the homeplace. It is here where we, as bioregionalists, most need to look. Whether male or female, we need to allow our homeplace to be resacralized. Our shelter (whether nomadic or stationary) is our place from which we go out and to which we return. It is our membrane - something to be cared for, nunured with energy, loved. Sometimes we have a shelter with someone else - a partner or friend. Sometimes we have children - sometimes we have elders with us - in our shelter. It is a place to be in, ~o relax in, to prepare food in, to repair when necessary. It is situated in a wider place - a homeplace of Nature - a place to know ...to find out about water, animals, plants, trees, soil, wind currents, seasons, migration patterns. Reconnecting with our homeplace allows us, in a safe way, to begin reconnecting with our inner selves. In tum, we Lhen connect or reconnect with other humans. In addition to Western culture's treatment of the Eanh and of the female, we also need to look at Western culture's treatment of the child. Our homeplace will not become "breathable" again until we do this. Western culture treats the child as though s/he is not really all the way there. It is as though the culture's bounds of reality have become so narrowed that no longer can the full presence of the child be acknowledged. Within the child's psyche there is so much crossover between the 'sensual' and the 'conceptual' that in order to acknowledge and rejoice in the full presence of the child, we as a culture would have to "un-atrophy" our powers of perception and reincorporate the 'sensual' into our lives. A step in our own healing process is to recognize and nurture in children the gifts of "being" we are attempting to reclaim for ourselves. As we bioregionalists truly begin to locate ourselves in the universe, let us, as females and males, begin to locate ourselves in relation to each other. Then we can mutually begin to work together on an equal basis to reform the values of our human culture as it affects ourselves and ou~ homeplace Earth. /:' ,,# Reprinted wi t h pe rmiss ion from Raise The Stakes, Planet Drum, Summer, 1984. gnphicby Ta1aAndres Spring 1987 �Graphic by Anne McDonald MOTIIER MOON by Linda Mathis Mother Moon I have come for your embrace. I begged long and hard for the Wind to bring me. My insides Are in turmoil from the pulling of the tidal wave. The smell of the forest fem has made my senses drunk. My fingers have raked the face of the great rock cliff. Take my blood Mother Moon. A sacrifice to You. Wrap your white feathered arm about me. Your helpenhe Wind has chapped my skin. He teased me saying my tears Were biner like crab apple and too salty to the taste. I have tried so hard, but the first night you were only Quarter-moon. The Wind held my wrists and hissed no... Witches Moon. I tried to sleep. Again I tried to find You. The Wind had left me And I had hope, but you chose to stay behind the clouds. Now at last I have found you, Mother Moon, shining white and Wise. The Wind laughs around me. Hear your daughter, strengthen me. The dirt between my fingers is cold and hurts, the ground under my body hard and uncaring. Warm me with your beams of star dusl Help your daughter, Mother Moon. - by Linda Mathis / Meditation I entered the Medicine Wheel and sat facing the North. I spoke my intention--to sing for the Eanh, for the people in my life, and for myself. I sang to find our way home. I sang for illumination. I sang for ease in the world and with each other. My vision staned in the west when a strong male Native American Helper sat to the west slightly behind me. The deer spirit came next and my song choked for her, because I hadn't expected to be so honored by her prese.nce, and because I felt touched by her muteness. My song had two sounds, one in the South which was feminine, and one in the North which was masculine. As I moved around the circle my song blended into one sound and I could no longer remember the first song. I approached the East and felt no one occupying that space. Regardless, as I began to sing in the East for whoever needed it, I felt a strong Native American Grandmother Helper move in. I had felt her presence earlier over my shoulder, but she was reluctant to reveal herself then. As I sang my song in the East, again my voice choked. This time I was literally moved into my own hurt femaleness-the part of me that had felt silenced, as a child, in schools during my hospital birth experience, and living as a woman in a "man's world." I felt the hurt part of me that had kept my words in, thinking that I could protect others from their own pain. I felt the part of me that has been untruthful and afraid to fully believe in my own power. I changed the song in the East. I sang out my grief, and with my Grandmother attending me, I was eventually able to sing my song out strong. My Grandmother and I exchanged communication. I was given a direction to affirm. I can say anything I want to. I must. I am cheating myself and others if I do not speak what I am directed to. My Grandmother lives in me. I am her. She is me. I am healing the male/female in myself. I am balancing those shields. Colleen Redman-Copus KA1UAH - page 14 ~ ,P-:..J Sprir¥J 1987 �This is a transcription ofthe views of a traditional Cherokee medicine man concerning the Cherokee matriarchal culture. The Cherokee culture is matriarchal and probably comes originally from our Iroquois ancestry.. because no other southeastern tribe has a matriarchal culture. The matriarchal culture with the Cherokee worked probably different than other matriarchal cultures. We got our clan from our mother, all of our lineage comes through our mother. An example, the clan was almost Ii.kc your last name as far as identification, etc. In this culture, the women owned all the property, the house and most of the stuff in it -all but the men's personal stuff. Men preferred to have female children because their lineage came through the female. A man couldn't exist without a woman in the culture, he had no home ; if a conflict came between them, the woman would throw the man's personal possessions--his tools or his weapons, whatever he had, out 1.11 the yard and he had to go home to his mother. If his mother wasn't alive, he would go home to one of his sisters and if he didn't have a sister, he didn't have a home. So there probably was a little more 'harmony' in the home in those days. We also used to have an official and sort of unofficial office..we had what we call "The Beloved Woman" or "the Beloved One" and it was a woman that was chosen by natural consensus from all the people.. based on the kind of person this woman was. She was always helping and sharing and giving and loving and wise in what she did and made wise decisions and all the people would choose her to be the Beloved Woman and she was in that position all her life 'til she died. And the kind of influence she had over the people was in several different ways. During the time there was any conflict in our tribes, any captives that were brought into the village -she decided what happened to them; if the chief in the tribe decided to go to war, her influence was so sttong that she could cause that decision to be changed. I know that a lot of us ln.dian people are looking for our ttaditional ways. Some of us think that perhaps we have to go to extremes and wear buckskins and all that son of stuff. That's not our traditional way anymore in a sense. The buffalo arc gone and the freedom we had of moving around the earth on the land like we did is all gone. That was a different time. But we can look back at our ancestors and we can see good things, useful things. One of these is the matriarchial system. It seems to me that where there is a sttong matriarchal culture, there is less conflict with our neighbors, less war. Women, it seems to me, arc not as 'aggressive' as men and they mollify that aggressiveness. I think it is important that women really look at themselves and try not to go into cxttemes. They arc egg-carriers, and they are nurturers and 'taker-carer-of-ers'. And from the very existence of humans, they've probably been in this role. So what I am saying, women can be a nurturer and a taker-carer-of and still express their natural talents as human beings--doctor, lawyer, whatever. I think if one studies that ancient matriarchal culture as I have been describing, I think you'll find that women had value--trcmcndous value. They had pride and dignity and they didn't have to go to extremes and feel uncomfortable about their womancss and their moon lodges. Politically, we've always had women that were in high positions within our tribe. During war, numerous accounts of white people in battles with Cherokee describe that afterwards they found many women painted and dressed as warriors. Throughout our history we've had famous women as warriors. We arc what we arc and we should find the best of what we arc... And the negativeness of myself as a male, such as aggressive behavior, these are the sort of things I've learned 10 lessen by observing women's ability to instinctively know how to nurture and to take care of and show outside affection. Due to the extremely strong influence on the Cherokee people, the matriarchial system has broken down. There's sttong signs of a matriarchy still there. It still isn't as I described it before because a patriarchial culture has enforced some of their ways on them. And I had to teach myself and work hard to pick up on these qualities which I think are very desirable. And probably if we had more of these qualities we could interact with not only individual people but with individual countries. That's 1 l( I KATUAH-page 15 all. ') Spring 1987 �EFFIE (1901-1918) Come a day ~e now with the sumac burning fiery on the mountain, and the poplar yaller, I think on Effie and our time back yonder, before the Kaiser's War where life was simpler, us playing Jack in the Bush and singing songs, or kicking the stick going 10 school, till our high tops was scuffed, and we got fussed at for iL Effie and me was like sisters only bener, for we was agreeable always and shared our thoughts, and giggled and cried at a heap of things together. And at the proper age, Effie turned to womanhood, filling out, and hiding behind the privy door at times 'till my womanhood come, too. Then we ogled the boys and always combed our hair, and pinched our cheeks for color. We sneaked on face chalk and sported sooty lashes that run, and laughed while we swished our sateen skins and flirted. Then, the boys went across the waters and died in the war, sometimes before our leners come, us feeling romantic and not understanding sorrow, then, until Effie come down sick and wasted before my eyes, in pain. And time on end I sat and held her hand, her singing, and giggling, and crying, not herself. And no more'n a year gone by, Doc Allen come and shook his head, sad. 'There ain't no manner of hope," he said, and I watched her go, at fall-time, holding her hand, and couldn't cry Ii.Ice the rest when Effie laid in her box. And folks whispered and said it was onnatural, but I said, "Leave her go, for Tdon't want Effie back to hurt no more." It's been nigh onto sixty year, since Effie left, and it's been hard sometimes. But I've bad her remembrance in my heart. And after Carl and me married, later, come us a little girl, and her name was Effie. And I loved her, too. Pearl from the book by PATRICIA SHIRLEY young and strong, while my tears run, and Ma called, "Pearl, I need you!" I stayed too long, till Aunt Juncy Ball, dark and spiteful, come and whispered in my ear, "If I was you, Pearl, I'd get to Will's Holler before my man didn't need me no more." and I said, "What do you mean, Aunt Juney?" And she said, "I've said my say." Brother Pleas carried me and my babies to Will's Holler after I'd kissed Ma goodbye, her crying. And I waited in my own house till the cock crowed, for Carl who come Sll'Ong and handsome through the door and stopped short, saying, "What are you doing here?" And I answered, "I can come home, if I choose, I reckon, and were you with another woman?" And Carl scringed and owned up. "You were long gone, and she didn't mean nothing, Pearl, but I was lonesome." And I turned away, bitter, when he reached to me. And I said, "Don't never touch me no more." And Carl got down on his knees and vowed he'd never look at another woman all his life. It tore me up, as I couldn't hardly stand to sec him cry, and I said, "I'll think on it, but tell me who the heifer was." Carl didn't want to but allowed it was Iva Belle Gibson over the ridge, that no account female who was easy with the fellers. And I said, "Ain't you a'feared of the disease?" And Carl said he was too strong for that I put him off, and he worked in the fields like his life dependod on it And soon I took LIFEAINT ALWAYS FAIR, 1923 Go ahead and cry, girl. Tears help when the pain bums deep, and you'd as soon die as not. You ain't the first whose man broke her trust and wants it back lilce nothing ever happened. But you can build from mistakes, girl, if you put your mind to it. II ain't easy. I know. My nightmare come before ever your daddy was bomed, when Pa died. With Pa in the ground that day, I longed to go home with Carl and lean on his strength. But Ma plagued me to stay and comfort her. So with a little'un on my hip and a knee-child a'holt of my skirt, I watched Carl ride away, KATUAH-page 16 my babies and went over to see Iva Belle Gibson, and found her sitting on the porch with a red ribbon in her yaller hair and a red dress, and I said, "Iva BeUe, that color suits your kind, and if you look at my man again in your lifetime, I will put a stob through your hean and call the devil up to burn you in hell!" And Iva Belle looked scain and said, she wouldn't, as she didn't want no curse. And I said, "Do you have the disease?" And she swore she hadn't never, so I left her on that porch and went home. And Carl begged me again to forget, and I said, "I'm still thinking on it." And he said, "Don't put me off too long, Pearl, for I treasure you and won't never stray again." So it was time to balance the partS for what come next and believe in the Lord that things work out to make us strong, and I quit thinking on it, and took a chance on Carl, geuing your daddy on the heels of iL Carl kept his word, and we never talked it again, but times I thought of him sharing with Iva Belle Gibson what was rightfully mine, and it was hard to take. Life ain't always fair, girl, and I knowed I'd remember it always, but you build from mistakes, if you put your mind to it. You got to lean on your faith. Spring 1987 �THE SIMPLER LIFE, 1926 Ways have changed since Carl and me made crops for a living on that steep ridge in Will's Holler, with weekend farmers now-a-days planting a row of this and a row of that, fertilizing and spraying, turning bits of soil with little tractor-plows, in their spare time from a job in town. As they look back to "olden times," envying folks that simpler life. I recollect most, in that past time, the younguns and me putting in the crop one year, Carl laid up with shoulder and leg broke from cutting wood. and he couldn't do nothing much to help. And Carl cursed and beat his good fist agin the wall, while I hitched Sal to the turning plow and snaked rows around the ridge top, Herman and Ben rolling the destroying rocks into Hope Creek. And I kicked the plow at ever turn, letting the mule drag it back into place, for it was the fourth month of carrying Carlie in my belly, and the going was hard. TIIlNGS, THEY WORK OUT, 1924 Law, Hallie, I've been where you're at. I recollect when there was just a handful of meal and a tad of long sweetning between us and nothing, with four hungry younguns to feed. It was bad, me laying big-eyed of a night, with the fifth one kicking at the knot in my stornick. to say there was more to come, and I cried. But I couldn't fault Carl when the com warshed off the scrabbly ridge side in Will's Holler, along with the garden stuff, down into Hope Creek, while the cow died that year. Carl, he didn't sleep much neither but tromped oatSide of a'night worrying, working bone-tired of a'day so we'd survive. Ma come, sometimes, with food to help us through, while Carl's head bent in shame that he couldn't provide. And once I said, "Ma, we're pore as Job's last turkey, with no letup in sight, and I'm near loony with it all. Ma. what're we going to do?" And Ma. she said, "Things, they work out, Pearl. What you've got ain't no better or worse than most folks, sometimes. It's hard! But your daddy and me, we went through bad times and come out stronger for the fight. Pearl, the Lord and Carl won't let you down, and come later, that baby will be your delight." Ma. she patted me and said, "Things likely won't come as you pictured, Pearl, but they'll work out." Next day, Carl come and said we was going to the coal camp, while the baby got bomed and seed money got saved for next year's crop. And his back was straight and his head up, while he said. "It won't be much, Pearl, but we'll eat all right." And I went, for the Lord and Carl was doing their part, when Carl, he'd always shunned t.he mine. My little one was bomed in that dirty town, with Ma helping out, and I said, "Ma, you're smart, and I'm calling this one Will Hope, for he needs his piece of home." At planting time, Hallie, we was clawing at the ridge again, then routed mulish weeds in com rows, while eyeing new potatoes and coming beans in the garden patch, and tracking our good milker down the holler by her neck-bell. And like Ma said, your Uncle Will Hope was my delight. We'd got through a terrible bad time, but I fell a deeper strength for whatever come next. The Lord don't give all good things, Hallie, else we'd not have room to grow. You place your faith in Him and do your best. Things, they work out. KAlUAH-page 17 I dropped com we'd shelled on a winter's night, Herman and Ben covering it with the scrabbly soiL And when the com pushed up, we hoed from daylight, sometimes stopping to blow in a fence comer, going on again, 'till shadows was as long on the ridges. And at the row's end, we'd leave the babies to play on a quilt, or maybe in the sled, for its sides kept them from the ground and outen harm. And Carl, clumsy, would sharpen our hoes, while the boys and me routed the weeds, row by row, around the ridge, backs tired and callouses hard, readying to lay the com by and take a little rest. Our last day out, we hoed and joshed in fun, at times, Carl minding Effie on the porch, while Jesse stood in lhe sled, throwing kisses at his ma, corning along the row. When I heared him giggle, saw him duck, to stand again, laughing, there come me a feeling along the ridge, and I run, yelling, with Herman and Ben behind, Carl lurching offen the porch in fear. And the ugly thing coiled to strike again, while Jesse, he hung over the sled box singing, "Pretty." But I hit first, cutting it plumb into with the hoe, chopping till Hennan said, "You can quit, now, Ma." And he flung it down the ridge like the evil rocks. And I cried, holding Jesse, while Carl cursed some more. Herman got hisself the rattlers to save, and then we went back and finished our job, praying for a tolerable rain that didn't warsh the soil, and for a good crop to trade on younguns' shoes and whatever else we needed through another year. That was our simpler life. I know my people. for through time they've handed down their stories ~lives through the stories of her life and the lives of her ancesU>rs. fJ:flJ:1 is a tapestry of Appalachian life and history extending from 1732 to the preselll. The book is available for $5.50 postpaid from: Seven Buffaloes Press; P.O. BoJC 249; Big Timber, MT 59011 ~1987 �MSD: "SLUDGE CAN FLY" MSD Boan1 oCDircctors P.O.Box 8969 Natural World News Service NATURAL WORLD NEWS THE BATTLE IS LOST, BUT..... Natural World News Service The administrative appeal filed by the Western Nonh Carolina Alliance (WNCA) to change the clear-cut prescription for the Little Laurel timber sale on the south side of the Cowee Ridge above Franklin, NC was flatly turned down by the US Forest Service (USFS) at the national level. The appeal procedure on that suit exhausted, the WNCA has conceded the sale, as the group does not have the resources for an expensive civil coun action. The group will carefully monitor the Little Laurel clear-cut, both to be sure that proper logging practices are adhered to and to analyze the effects of the clear-cut technique on a typical section of Appalachian hardwood forest. In turning down the Little Laurel suit, the Forest Service refused to consider the validity of other forest management techniques other than clear-cutting and even-aged forest management Therefore the WNCA feels that it would be wasted energy to initiate suits on upcoming USFS timber sales in the Greens Creek and Terrapin Mountain areas. The group's Forest Management Task Force is, however, considering a challenge of the USFS 15-year management plan for the Pisgah and Nantahala National Forests. Clear-cutting is the predominant management program in the plan, and the Alliance feels that shelterwood cuts, proposed for some areas as a compromise measure, arc unacceptable, as they are only "delayed clear-cuts" that still lead to even-aged forest management, which is inappropriate in the Appalachian hardwood forest community. The WNCA also plans to step up irs edcucational campaign about the forestry methods used on public lands, analyze practices on private lands, and try to reach small landowners to initiate selective cutting and uneven-aged management on individually-held forest tracts as a demonstration to the Forest Service and to the public at large of the method's aesthetic and economic benefits and i1s long-term viability. For more information on the WNCA Forest Management Task Force, contact: Taylor Barnhill 101 Beech Glen Rd. Mars Hill, NC 28754 KA11JAH- page 18 Despi1e widespread citizen concern, Buncombe County's (NC) Metropolitan Sewerage District (MSD) has announced that it plans to build a sewerage sludge incinerator to bum solid waste generated by irs treatment facility. So far, no adequate environmental assessment of various sludge disposal options has been prepared, although such an assessment is required by law. MSD responded to the need for an assessment with a short, inadequate document, stating that incineration would have no environmental impacts. In fact, the scrubbers planned for the incinerator will not remove particles smaller than one micron which contain the heaviest load of heavy metals and dioxins. MSD does not have an adequate plan for disposing of its hazardous scrubber water. Also, MSD plans to place the ash from the incinerator, which will contain high concentrations of heavy metals, in its existing lagoon. How safe is that form of disposal? Full environmental and economic assessments of all the sludge disposal alternatives are needed in order for MSD to make an informed decision. Local citizen groups are calling for MSD to compost its solid wastes and sell the compost as a soil amendment for use on non-food crop plantings. As an added incentive, Buncombe County is open to the possibility of setting up a co-composting facility with the MSD. Citizen input is particularly needed at this time. Citizens groups are recommending that a letter be sent to EPA with copies to MSD, the NC Natural Resources & Community Development Depanment (NRCD) and elected officials. EPA, Region IV Harold Hopkins. Chief Facilities Construct.ion Branch Waw Management Div. 345 Courtland St, NE Atlanlll, GA 30365 Asheville, NC 28814 Siephanie Rici:uutlsoo NC Dept of Natural Resources & Community Development Consll'Uction Grants Section 521 N. Salisbury St. Raleigh, NC 27611 For more info: Citizens for Clean ~ir.,# (704) 628-1636 or (704) 658-0294p EPA PROTECTS PIGEON from Gary Davis, Knoxville. TN The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has issued a draft of a permit for the Champion Paper Co. to continue to operate on the Pigeon River in Haywood County, NC. The EPA draft toughened the standards for water color, one of the most controversial water quality factors, saying that the river must not be occluded more than 50 color units 0.4 mile downstream from the plant. The pennit did not revise water temperature requirements, but controlling the water color would require recycling of the water from the bleaching process, which would effectively cool the water as well. The Champion Company is expected to appeal the terms of the EPA permit. As it does each time compliance with environmental regulations is required, the company is loudly proclaiming that it will have to shut down all its operations in Haywood County if they are forced to bring their plant operations up to an acceptable standard / Spring 1987 �"They've Got Us Surrounded .... And They're Closing In" On the one hand, nuclear pollution. On the other, potemial disaster. Karuah is surrounded by a nuclear noose of present dangers and planned radioactivity sites. And the cord is being pulled righter about our throats. 1987 and 1988 will be years ofdecision for the mountain province. Low-Level Waste Dump The MRS Oconee I, 2, and 3 On February 5, 1987 Frank Scanlon, deputy attorney-general of the State of Tennessee, submitted an appeal to the US Supreme Court contesting a ruling in December by the Sixth District Court of Appeals that gave the US Department of Energy (DOE) legal pennission to continue the process of installing the Monitored Retrievable Storage (MRS) facility in east Tennessee. The MRS would handle high-level radioactive nuclear wastes, storing them temporarily and re-packaging them for "permanent" storage in a nuclear waste suppository. The MRS is presently slated to be constructed at the site of the defunct Clinch River Breeder reactor near Oak Ridge, TN. Tennessee officials contend that the MRS should be halted because the DOE violated the law by not informing the state and its citizens before moving in to begin work on the facility. The Supreme Coun will rule in the late spring or early summer on whether or not it will bear the case. An injunction issued by a lower court prohibiting the DOE from continuing siting activities on the MRS will remain in effect until the Supreme Court gives its final verdict. In the meantime President Reagan has included $58 milJion in the budget he recently sent to Congress for funds to begin construction of the MRS. Debate on the MRS will now begin in the national legislature. The DOE is not relenting in its search for a first round nuclear waste suppository in the west, but it is meeting passionate opposition in the designated areas, and its construction timetable is threatened. The agency has already contracted to take reactor wastes from private utility companies in 1996, and it wants the MRS to ensure that it will be able to meet that deadline. Residents of Katliah need to oppose the MRS facility with every means at their command. If the plant is installed, the results will be devastating for the Appalachian Mountains: 1) The high mountain forests downwind of the plant. already dying from atmospheric pollution, will be burdened by additional toxic radioactive contamination. In the event of an accident, the mountains will receive the full brunt of the effects of any radioactive release. The crucial decision point in the question of whether the state of Nonh Carolina will stay in the Southeastern Low-Level Nuclear Waste Compact will come during the current session of the NC State Legislature. The Compact is a large game of Russian roulette in which eight southeastern states have come together to put all of their low-level radioactive waste (LLRW's) for the next 20 years off on one of the member states. If the NC State legislators elect to stay in the Compact, direct action by the citizens of the state will be required to avert the siting of a low-level waste dump in North Carolina that would otherwise have to accept 32 million cubic feet of radioactive wastes over the next 20 years. Five sites on the North Carolina Piedmont are among those deemed "suitable" to handle the wastes. These wastes are termed "low-level" radioactive wastes, but because of inadequate containers, careless handling, and "disposal" by burying in shallow, underground trenches, they are at least as dangerous as high-level radioactive wastes. .. It would be an ecological and financial disaster for North Carolina to accept the wastes of all the states of the Southeastern Compact. To date, all facilities where low-level wastes have been stored have experienced severe leaking and environmental contamination. All the sites except the Barnwell site in SC have been forcibly closed, leaving clean-up bills in the millions of dollars for the taxpayers of each state to pick up. Shallow-trench burial has been proven ineffective and should be banned. Yet it is the disposal method of choice despite the threat to the physical and genetic health of nearby human and animal residents and plant life. Visible from the top of Whiteside Mountain near Highlands, NC, the Oconee I, 2, and 3 nuclear reactors sit in the lake district of northwestern South Carolina. These plants were designed by the Babcock and Wilcox (B&W) company to the same plan as the ill-fated reactor at Three Mile Island that suffered a partial meltdown in 1979. In 1980 the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) stated that eight B&W nuclear power plants, including the Oconee I, 2, and 3 generators, would have to undergo safety modifications to prevent a repeat of the Three Mile Island accident. Yet today, due to negligence or indulgence on the part of the NRC, the Oconee plants are still in operation, their basic design problems unchanged, despite accidents at each of the reactors. While they arc operating, the three nuclear power stations constitute a significant threat to the lives of all living things in their vicinity. The Union of Concerned ScientistS (UCS) last February filed a formal petition with the NRC listing these conditions and demanding that the eight plants in question, including the Oconee reactors, be immediately closed until the necessary changes are made. "The unique B&W design makes the reactors extremely sensitive to even minor failures,"said Robert Pollard, USC safety engineer and former NRC official. "Something as tiny as a blown fuse could send a B&W plant into a tailspin that could lead to a major accident with a large release of radiation." In 1 979 the Oconee 3 plant lost its integrated control system. In a B&W reactor, this could lead to serious consequences, but fortunately in this instance the situation was brought under control. Other accidents have occurred at each of the plants, underlining the concern of the UCS that the plants be brought up to minimum safety levels before a serious incident occurs in the course of normal operation. The NRC has taken note of the safety problems existing in all the B&W reactors. They set two deadlines, first in 1984 and again in 1986, for the built-in safety hazards to be rectified, but hedged on both deadlines when they expired. Why the NRC is not fulfilling its responsibilities is not known, but it is clear that while the NRC may be watching out for somebody's interests, it (conlimM!d on pqe 20) (continued on page 20) (continued on pqe 20) Shaded areas rqweun1 po1ettliaJ dump siles for IC1W'-levtl 11MCkar waste ill Nonlt CtuoliM.. Spring 1987 KA1UAH - page 19 ; , • ·~ l �MRS (continued from page 19) 2) The mountains will become the neck of a funnel of radioactive waste pouring into Oak Ridge from the east and southeast. Unmarked 1rucks and trains carrying the highly volatile and dangerous wastes will begin moving daily through the KatGah province. The steep, winding transp<>rtation routes and unpredictable weather of the mountains will make a catastrophic accident very likely. 3) An MRS in Oak Ridge would be an open invitation to the DOE lo implant a deep-shaft nuclear waste repository in Katuah. The second-round waste suppository has not been forgotten by the DOE. It has only been delayed for the sake of expediency. The close proximity of the second-round repository site called the "Elk River Site" by the DOE near Asheville, NC and the Great Smoky Mountains National ParJs would make it almost cenain that Katuah would be designated the eastern dump for the nation's nuclear trash. Contacc Blue Ridge Environmental Defense League PO Box 808 West Jefferson, NC 28694 or Western Nonh Carolina Alliance~ Rt 1, Box 304 · Zirconia, NC 28790 LOW-LEVEL WASTE (continued from p:ige 19) Transponation of the wastes also poses a danger. It is estimated that one 1ruck per hour will roll through the countryside carrying hazardous material to the dump site, endangering the lives and health of living things all along the route. Despite the obvious dangers and disadvaniages of a low-level radioactive waste dump in the state, NC legislators have proven reluctant to demand that the state pull out of the Southeastern Compact. This is because the large utility companies in eastern NC and throughout the southeast have been exerting powerful pressure behind the scenes to ensure that the state government offers no resistance to the Compact idea. The campaign to pull out of the Compact is being led in the state legislature by Rep. Joe Mavretic in the House and state Senators Charles Hipps and "Bo" Thomas, who will introduce bills into the current legislative session. "I think the best option is for Nonh Carolina to build its own facility, to go it on its own or with one more state, maybe South Carolina or Virginia, to work with us," said Hipps at a meeting with members of the Western Nonh Carolina Tomorrow last February. A strong popular movement to break away from the Compact has arisen among voters. A petition circulated by the group "Citizens for a Choice on Nuclear Waste" now stands ready to be presented to the state legislacure bearing 9,000 signatures of residents who wish the state to leave the Compact. Work begun by the Western Nonh Carolina Alliance in Polk County has resulted in community meetings in opposition to the dump that have drawn hundreds of participants. If North Carolina accepts the waste, responsibility for the long-term effects of the highly toxic waste products will be out of the hands of the utilities and far from the area where they are produced and consumed. This helps keep up the companies' profits and their media image and masks the actual costs of producing nuclear power. In NC 87% of the LLRW's by volume and 97% by curies (radioactivity) are produced by the utility companies from the generation of nuclear power. If the state broke away from the Compact and made the utility companies in the state assume responsibility for their own wastes, only a small facility would need to be built by the state's taxpayers to handle hospital and other low-level radioactive wastes. NC residents need to make their needs and feelings known. The only way to get the sheepish legislators to act is to make sure they realize that supporting the Compact idea would be political suicide. NC state residents need to demand Lt. Governor Robert Jordan, House Speaker Liston Ramsey, and their legislators to: 0 1) leave the Southeastern Compact 2) ban shallow-trench burial of low-level nuclear wastes 3) require utilities to manage their own wastes under state regulation. 4) begin phasing out nuclear energy in the state in favor of more benign sources of power. For more information, contact: Western Nonh Carolina Alliance Rt. I, Box 304 Zirconia, NC 28790 or Citizens For a Choice on Nuclear Waste POBox653 ~~ Dillsboro, NC 28725 ~ »MIL£ AAOtUS ""OM I . - <>COHEE UNITS •-3 I ·- OCONEE 1, 2, and 3 (continued from p:ige 19) certainly is not watching over !he interests of those who live in the vicinity of the three Oconee reactors. Local residents are urged to join the UCS petition and write to the NRC to request that the Oconee plants be immediately shut down because of their dangerous design deficiencies. Write: The Nuclear Regulatory Commission 1717 H SL NW /~ Washington, DC 20555 ~ I LISTEN I am a child of the mountains; For when a whippoorwill calls from the darkened Blue Ridge, I listen. And when I sit on a mossy rock next to the creek And see a Cooper's hawk skimming the pinetops. His cry as clear as the sky, I listen. And I listen to the ttain whistle moaning through the valley And the echoing rumble that makes me pull the bedclothes close to my chin; I am a child of the mountains and I listen. Julia Nunnally Duncan KATUAH - page 20 Spring 1987 �A CHILDRENS' PAGE T re_°'\- TYi e_ wor\ d .tQ''\'j .,- As a young girl, if you could do or give something to this world, what would you give? ! ( / o 0 ~p D :; Annie, age 7 years: 1 would give love, and I would tell them to treat people equally. Drawings by Hannah Freed Serena, age 5 years: I would give love. Abby, age 9 years . I would give a giant healing crystal to the world. ~~ -- Leila, age 9 years: I would let the world live, like the people who are building highways, I would just leave it alone. Samala, age 7 years: I would give things to poor people, things that they didn't have. Hannah, age 12 years: I would try to clean up this world and treat the world nicely so that it doesn't become trashy and go to waste. I'd also build houses for the poor so that they could have the same amount of money as everybody and live so people are so that there are no wars. KATUAH - page 21 We welcome original drawings, stories, poems, ideas or comments by individual children or groups for !his page. The children are our teachers! May their thoughts and dreams enlighten us! , Spring 1987 �·r. Trillium Cove 1· - ,'"'\ I DRUMMING LETTERS TO KATUAH precious, perfect day - a jewel clear 'midst sand and stones, we plucked it from the swift stream passing by, my cider friend and I. white trillium stars lighting still coves, our rising spirits from blue sleep ascended the feast of forest verdure sweet. KatU'.ah, Thank you for the letter and information you sent I very much appreciate your concern and help. I am in touch with another person who was active in the Allegheny Watershed group, but it seems that this bioregional sparlc is inactive for now. I am encouraged and will be contacting both the Kindred Spirits Journal and the community publication you provided. I know there are many people like myself who are searching for a better way of life. I know for myself, I often feel a sense of despair and alienation living in the midst of the dominant culture. I sometimes wonder if I am the only one who hears the birds, the animals, all other life forms cry out at the senseless and callous exploitation of the earth and its life, for the gross profit and material greed of humans. Then I read a joum.al like Karoah and somehow I feel better, I feel at least a sense of hope, that I am not alone, and that my beliefs and struggles are not totally crazy. It is of the utmost importance that people who believe in bioregional approaches to living somehow make contact with each other. I know the frustration I feel at not being able to find other beings in the Allegheny-Monongahela watershed to join together in building a better life. We arc all pioneers in re-inhabiting Turtle Island and need the support of each other. For myself, I know that to continue to remain within the modem-humanized industrial culture will soon destroy me. It has already taken its toll. I don't know where or how, but I must establish a closer relationship with the earth. I must at least try. Your journal has given me much courage in this struggle. Once again thanks for being there. Most sincerely, Ed Lytwak 30 Seanor St . Jeannette, PA 15644 NOVA After sixty years Rebecca tired of inventing new qualities for stars. They grew fewer as the city brushed her small frontyard, and those few couldn't carry all her dreams in their sagging tracks. So, ooe day when those old constellations left for the other side of the world, she found the deepest dry well in Harrodsburg, Kentucky, shinnied down from the noon heat for a new set of stars she could name without mythology: the magnolia tipped a careful question, caring to soften the distance of our years I asked, "ls every Spring forever new?" as through newborn, greening eyes our road ribbon'd the passing majesty, our hearts leaning homesick toward the Mother of all hungry life. shining his reply from ancient, young eyes, as o'er the highway our feelings unfurled like new leaves, each mile beguiled by pale quiltings of woolly hills and valleys plaid, "Oh, yes! Spring is eternally new!" eJCulting, we agreed for its purity of promise, for its tender, supple life, for its pouring and molding to shape our dreams. - Donna VanLear Dear K.anl.ah. I have been working 10 hours a day, seven days a week, and I haven't had time to answer your letters promptly or anything else. The computer factory I work at (UNISYS) is being closed due to merger of Sperry and Burroughs. Actually it was a hostile takeover. Anyway, about 2,000 people will be unemployed in Bristol. My job is being transferred to Winnipeg, Canada, and as soon as they get a "clean room" built there, I will be laid off. The other jobs are going to Nogales, Meltico and Israel. The Canadians and Mexicans are here now for training and are quarreling over which one will get our test equipment Last m<inth we shipped 15.9 million dollars worth of computer products to customers, and the president of the company wants one year of surplus to buffer the transition, but it looks impossible to me. I don't know where I will be working next, but perhaps I will have time to distribute some v~ .r.~ i..· .c.IWIJiUl s. I will try to come to the Spring Gathering, if I don't have to wodc then. Blessed be, Bia.kc Lawson Bristol, TN in dazzling dew; the red pair of possum eyes met with headlights on the backroads; the north quadrant, its promise changing with every hour, she named after herself and the small things in her path. - Marcia Hurlow KATUAH - page 22 Spring 1987 �Dear Kanlah, I write concerning a movement to create a 65,000 acre MORE WILDERNESS! wilderness area on the Virginia, West Virginia line in George Dear Karuahans. We dream of the day when large populations of the Gray Wolf, the Eastern Cougar, and Yona, the bear, again roam the wilds of the entire Appalachian Region. When the Appalachlans are able to support healthy populations of these and other indicator species, they should be able to support healthy populations of all native micro-organisms and plant and animal species. For this to happen, we need a large, contiguous Wilderness uniting Florida with Maine and the Maritimes, using the great Appalachian Trail as the "backbone." We are currently working on such a proposal for the Earth First! Journal and Katuah which we hope to publish in May. We need your advice and assistance in identifying core Wilderness areas (existing roadless areas and wild areas which ought to be quickly returned to a roadless state). These areas need not lie directly on the AT; wild corridors linking the core areas to the AT must also be identified. Which areas in your region should we include in the general proposal? (Think Big.) Which areas will need Wilderness Recovery plans? What steps will be necessary to reintroduce native species driven to or near extinction in recent centuries (i.e., the Chestnut)? How can we recover private lands in your region? What roads should be closed today? In a few years? In the long-range vision? We need descriptions of local bioregions. Are there special features of the geology and ecology of an ecosystem which caU for preservation? What are we overlooking? We especiaUy need the guidance of Native Americans, Poets, Artists, and Musicians. Please send copies of letters to both Jamie and Roland (who is designing a Wilderness Recovery plan for the Appalachians). In Wildness, Roland A. Knapp Jamie Sayen Rt. 2, Box 433-A RRl, PO Box 132-A North Stratford, NH Frostburg, MD 21532 03590 Washington National Forest. This new Shenandoah Wilderness would be the largest contiguous wilderness in the Southern Appalachians. Perhaps more importantly, for the first time a river valley with more than a large creek in it will be completely protected by the wilderness system. Many eastern National Forests, like George Washington, are slowly dying because thousands of miles of roads are being built along every stream bed. The biological diversity and carrying capacity of the Forest are dropping as more of the delicate riparian zones are invaded by roads. To complement this pattern, our wilderness system is designed to protect small islands of land that are usually too infertile and dry to support the full range of a forest plant and arlimal spectrums. The designation of Shenandoah Wilderness is definitely needed and entirely attainable. But the efforts to create at least one large wilderness in the Appalachians are approaching a major hurdle. The Forest Service is in the process of finalizing plans to reconstruct a road through the heart of the proposed wilderness area. The reconstruction of the North River Road will do irreparable damage to the primary waterway of the area, the North River. If prodded by numerous letters the Forest Service might slow down long enough to consider the benefits of not rebuilding the North River Road, which was destroyed by floods a year ago. It is the only major forest road in the section proposed to be wilderness, so its closure would open the door 10 wilderness designation. Please write to George W. Kelley, Forest Supervisor, George Washington National Forest at Harrison Plaza, POB 233, Harrisonburg, Va. 22801, encouraging him to study the positive and negative environmental impacts of rebuilding or not rebuilding this road. Letters to Virginia's Congressional delegation would also help. H you are interested in getting more involved in the designation of Shenandoah Wilderness, write me as well and I will send you some more complete infonnation. "No compromise in the defense of Mother Earth." John Hutchinson c/oOAlnc 1717 Massachusetts Ave. NW Washington, DC 20036 Dear Kattlah, Thank you for your comments on creating a "new grammar" and for your dedication to using inclusive language in Karuah. The continued use of "he" and "him" as the standard is one of the subtle ways we continue to be told that the male is the nonn and the female is the deviation. Thank you for doing your part in the evolution of our language as it changes in respome to our changes. Sincerely, Glenda Neel Pender Nature's Cellar Dahlonega, GA SWEET WILLIAM Sweet William cut his plough into the earth, Sweet William flared a thousand shades of pink, The first my cousin, second it gave binh To color as would make the dogwoods blink While one farmed in these hills for sixty years, The other spread its wild-flower unde. foot r They both are part of Appalachian tears ... Where one's dug deep, the other's taken root -John Grey (DRUMMING continued nelll page) KATUAH - page 23 Tata Andres Spr.in; J.987 �I DRUMMING (continued from p. 23) lHE MOUNfAIN IS A WOMAN 1. Dear Katiiah You look at the evemng ridge; it is a pan of you now, Hearing that your next issue will be aboor women I wrote down these thoughts. I hope there will be room for them in that edition: and wonder how these things can happen. "Woman lam Spirit I am I am the infinite within my soul I have no beginning and I have no end all this I am" ...we always chant to end the meditation in our women's group. ''Woman I am." Yes. But what docs that mean? What docs it mean to be a woman? Katherine's question "When do you feel most like a woman?" had started me pondering at the last meeting. Unable to come up with an answer right away, we had decided to observe ourselves as "homework". When do I feel like a woman? As mother of a four month old, nursing and mothering arc prime occasions. And the pregnancy, of course. What couJd be more womanly than that? But I was 38 when my son was born. Had I not felt like a woman before? Looking back on my life (in those precious moments when he is asleep) I realize I spent much time proving that I was a non-typical woman. Woman as I saw her then was a weak, submissive being, whose interests were restricted to household matters, whose conversations were boring, and who defined herself mostly by adopting and rendering her husband's tastes, ideas and views. I did my best to turn out the opposite. I pursued a career, participated in intellectual discussions and chose hobbies where women were not usually found. Men were the scale I measured my worth on. I had to be as good, daring, intellectual, skilled as they were. After years of emotional healing I have enough self-esteem today to know my worth as a person. But as to my womanhood I am still puzzled, confused, uncertain. The man-oriented history of our civilization is frustrating. The perfectly masked female faces and girlish bodies in magazines and films, offices and shops are depressing. I lack role models. My body is the body of a woman. But what about my mind, my soul, my spirit? I am not alone in my search for identity within the female. Most of my friends share these feelings. We have been estranged from our essence for so long. We need time. Time to ourselves. And space and togelhemess wilh other women. This is how lhe idea of a Women's Wellness Week was born last year: a week for women to be together and explore !heir bodies, emotions, spirits. To reconnect with their special female power and to nurture those who usually do most of the nurturing for Dreamers often do The moon is as proud and distant in its rising as her smile this moon lifts proud and brooding somewhere inside of you Drifting as siJent and as singular as Bu the owl 2. Her daughter has touched you She is heaJing, she makes you bleed. She has a boy, her dreams are rcaJ. The mountain is a woman Once I made poetry now I will make songs. - Donald Morton The Hawk Wjnd There comes a day in the Spring of the year when Eanh and Air interact to create a special wind, a wind that allows the hawks to ride aloft on their great spring migrations. This same Hawk Wind affects the soul of Man, instilling in him - for at least this one brief day - a wanderlust that will not let him rest. This intense longing defies description, but once the Hawk Wind has claimed you, you will never forget it. The Hawk Wind is rising in the West,. And with it I must rise, Or be forever bound to Earth While in this earthly guise. @ Douglas A. Rossman others. We want to do all this again this year and have fun together at Indian Valley Retreat in August. It would be wonderful if many of you could join us for this special event. Or maybe organize a wellncss week of your own. I hope that all women will sometime be able to answer the question "What docs it mean to be a woman?" with "It means to feel good." Michaela Schmidt c/o Indian Valley Retreat Willis, Va. 1UAH - page 24 Spring 1987 �COVERLETS (continued from p. 4) mountain weaving women and did have an effect on the conditions of their lives. handicrafts revival was cenainly of economic benefit. It also had a big effect on a woman's position in the family in the cases where she provided the only source of cash and her work enabled the family to stay on their land. By the mid-1920's the mountains were dolled with schools, co-ops, shops, and settlement houses. But Frances Goodrich's dream of creating a market for mountain crafts had only been partly realized. In a 1928 meeting of mountain volunteer workers in Knoxville, TN, Olive Campbell proposed to Lucy Morgan that a guild be formed. ln December of that year another meeting wfls held in the weaving cabin at Penland that led to the founding of the Southern Highlands Handicraft Guild in 1931. Frances Goodrich offered the new organization the facilities of her Allanstand shop. Almost as soon as the guild was formed, it began its long involvement with the Great Smoky National Park and later with the Blue Ridge Parkway, providing items for sale and demonstrations of traditional crafts. In the mountains there is a continuum that remains here to this day. It consists of two overlapping traditions: the pioneer cabin culture that is 200 years old and still survives in some ways, and the craft revival tradition that is already 100 years old and is an individual as well as an intellectual, social, political, and economic movement. These two traditions blend together, and it is impossible to draw a clear line between where one Stans and the other ends. Even today new things are being discovered and other things revived. Back in 1895 people were pessimistic about the furore of the old, rural, mountain traditions. Today we can better realize the resilience and adaptability of the mountain ways. Mountain people are practical. They were never attached to tradition for tradition's sake. They have always been eager to find a better way to do things. But mountain people cling tenaciously to the old ways "if it suits 'em" to do so. MAINTAINING MOUNTAIN CULTURE Lucy Morgan and Olive Campbell represent the second generation of the Appalachian handicrafts revival. Lucy Morgan was a native-born Appalachian woman who founded the Penland School of Crafts in the early I 920's and Fireside Industries to help mountain women market their craftwork. Olive Campbell founded the John C. Campbell Folk School in 1925. These second-generation revival leaders had slightly different goals from their predecessors. "First, I wanted to promote a revival of mountain handiwork. Second, I wanted to add to their meager incomes while not forcing them to leave their homes," said Lucy Morgan. In her work she was always conscious that in helping mountain women get cash for their work, she was helping them to achieve a degree of independence that they had never had before. She appreciated that mountain women were breaking into the modem system by means of some of their oldest trades. ''Thoughts danced through my head nights and days," she wrote in later years. "My mind wove fanciful visions while my tired. sore fingers were weaving tangible materials. I saw innumerable women in modest mountain homes, happily engrossed in weaving beautiful homespuns in delightful old designs, their worries vanishing and their hopes brightening for their children's futures. "I saw the education of countless mountain children, even college educations, being clacked out on home looms in the coves and valleys and along the slopes of the Blue Ridge and the Great Smokies." <Gift from the Hills, by Lucy Morgan with LeGette Blythe, Univ. of NC, 1950) The mountain economy was largely outside of the cash economy - particularly during times like the Civil War and the Great Depression. The men could feed their families from their farms, but, shon of leaving home, there were few ways for them to bring in any cash. During the Depression the Jan Davidson is locally well-known as a musician who plays traditional mountain mu.sic, bw he is also curator of the Mountain Center in Cullowhee, NC. He, his wife Nanette, who calls a lively square dance, and their son, John Neil; ~ live in Webster, NC. p Landlines ~ mu.1( Orac(es - C6u~, <"1)5tc.Ur., Custom Mapping and T Geographic Information Management yl~•r)Q wnls, l~rods 0 A ndrew W. Feonslem CnrtOQropheT T...,e 108 Chu•ch Rd. A.h..mo NC 28804 (704) 254-9551 / PruviJm11 Pcnanal ~rvlu Fllhn11 Yc•n Boole Needs In Speciallz.etl Acids 701-26+ 5866 tmor, 1"""E' ]"°"'' /Co. Tm*(~,... 601 Ca1t1p f((IOt'~c:L $tat~"' Ol<llt1Ut)1 / (( .. 1g7 /I c...t.J '• <'1".w.i~ .... r1, om.,. Books Q.,J Things L~- ·· l08 Blowing R..ick RQad 8unM, Nonh Carolina 28607 GARY HEMSOTH ~ Tho powotM GOLDEN EAGLE ria.1 alloYe 1111 tluo Ri<ftt mltlis lull .o1.. dos1111. h•ftd.scr....., ... r. ~~:,Ts Of 100'1. PRESHRUNK COT· Colon:SilYor.fcrv.wi.•tc Sinr;AdUlllS·XL. ShottSIHveT: .lduft·SIO.OOppd. 1\jane,, 1 ~~ I unno 'Na . . ~r~~l ~ ~ Lon1Slttv1T: Adull·Sl4-00ppd. All designs, except Golden Eagle, also available in sweatshirts. Feather or tracks imprinted on sleeve. ULTRAVIOLET PURIFICATION AND FILTERING SYSTEMS SOLAR PRODUCTS· WATER ANALYSIS RANDALL C. LANIER 704-293-5912 ..-----------·-----·--·------· ! : MIO! Ordtr To: Rl<lc• Runner H•M•I• 1033°h81ls1mlld.. Waynuvillt,NC 28785(7041456·3003 O MuttrClrdHo. _ __ _ _ _ _ __ , :JClltck ! O MoneyOnltf O VISElp.D•~------Name _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ I • AddttH _ _ _ _ _ __ __ 1 Lona Sitt•• Includes d•ialled prom ot tuther on slttvt. S..trsfaction auurtd orrtlllmlortull refund. _ _ _ _ _ __ : FRIEDMAN & .HWY. 107 RT. 68 BOX 125 CULLOWHEE, NC 28723 8 DESIGN, INC. ENERGY SYSTEMS THAT PAY FOR THEMSELVES '': • Pt\on•- - -- -- -- - - - - - - - - 1 :JChtck her> tor rR££ COl0:~~~:~=~:;,~;.';.~~:~11 Gnphi<s. PO 80Xe57 OIUSllORO. NC 29125 KATUAH - page 25 Sprin;J 1987 �using this kind of equipnumt, we can all go home with money in our poclcets." Feminine qualities would seem to be excellent assets when supervising work among the webs of a complex life community. It requires a sensitive hand to create a scene of beauty while keeping the books balanced. Compassion is needed to keep the life processes of a place in mind while trees are dropping and bulldozers are moving across the forest floor. And it takes a calm mind to clearly discern the line between purposeful production and wasteful destruction. "With my kind of crew using this kind of equipment, we can all go home with money in our pockets." "When I got into this business, I didn't know anything about logging. I was so disgusted IJy the clear-cutting issue, that I wished I could do forest management without having to deal with loggers. Needless to say, I soon found out there was noway. "So I first hired two men. I was told they were excellent loggers. They came in at the given time, 7:00 am, they tUTned on their saws, and off they went. They worked for an hour without looking up, and trees were flying in all directions. I thought, This is great. Within a day this will all be cut.' But then I realized that all that material had to come out. Unless you stop at the right moment, it becomes rather complicated, and you have to climb over a lot oftimber to pull the next piece out. 'This was the beginning of my learning. I told myself, 'We need a plan. In order to know haw to finish, we need to know how to start.' ·so I read some boo/cs and consuilld with some penple experienced in harvesting, and 1111/lde a plan. I taught the loggers. I said, '/nstead of felling everything left and right, go a little bit more slowly and/ell them in rows. Then between the rows will be spaces we can plant.• "Now, every time we do a cut, we have a plan. "loggers at the sawmill are like washerwomen at tire public fountain. Wiren they get together, they yak. Tire loggers all know who is cutting what for whom for haw much. They know it all. And now I'm beginning to have loggers who call us and say, 'I would like to work for you.' I've had several crews I've worked with. Some could change their ways, others couldn't. We say, 'We'll give it a try, and if you find this is not the way you can work, then that's too bad.' The men who work with me are very responsive. I love them. They work hard. But I mark every tree, I lay out every foot of the skid trail myself. I always let them know that 'mama is here'. Seeing Lislott Harbens' excitement when she is in the woods or talking about her work, observing her relationship with the forest, and watching her chaoning, yet utterly competent manner of doing business, it makes one think it would be good to see more women earning degrees in forestry school or going out into the woods to tend the rrees. FOREST CARE may be contacted at 437 Walnut Street; Sta1esville, NC 28677 or aJ (704) 873-5344 or (704) 872-1930. Uslott Harberts has said, Hf would love to /rave a FOREST CARE <XJmpany up in the high mountain area. It would take an enterprising person with the rig/it qualifications. It would take an initial investment, but we would lend our name to the enterprise, if an entrepreneur would be willing to subscribe to tire guidelines and standards / that we have set up for our company. ~\\~>~\\'\ll\\"''i'l\'!\'\'~·~~'°''tt\\\'\~\~"'\\.t~\\1:'~''\)\~,~~¥\\\~i~~~~\tMi~:A~\l\~~ti'\~¥\~~-t.\\'l.°tli ~~$ ~ Susie helped out area doctors like Doc Wilkes, Big ~ * ~ ~ $ ~ - Susie McMahan/Midwife · continued tromi>&&e9 ~ ~ ~ $. ~ ~ ~ jf If, 1: ~ ~ .~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 'J; ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ :::;. ~ ~ -,.. "veil" is a membrane which sometimes envelopes the infant's head at birth and is refened to as a "caul" in medical tenninology). When cars got more common, Susie remembers stepping out of a car to go deliver a baby and sinking waist deep in snow. But weather never stopped her from helping those who needed her. Lawrence was obviously behind her all the way, for when she was away delivering someone else's child, he kept their 11 children at home. Susie said she was lucky she never had to deliver a baby so small it had to be incubated. Back in those days, the incubator consisted of a basket filled with wool to warm the child, said Susie. Her babies were always five pounds or larger, and the largest she can recall today was 12 pounds, one of her daughter's children. The Morgan twins (Harold and Carroll) stick out in Susie's mind even today, because she had to fight so hard and long to keep the babies breathing. Luckily she had some help that day. While she breathed life into one baby, she said the other one would stop breathing. She'd hand the breathing child to her helper while she breathed life back into the other one. For over half an hour Susie continued to breathe into the infants until they began to breathe on their own, putting them into wann water to help stimulate them. "Th. ir mother tells 'em even today they'd better be c good to me because I saved their lives," said Susie with a laugh. Doc Nichols, and Little Doc Nichols. She said often Doc Wilkes would stay until she could get there, and he would then leave mother and baby in her capable hands. Susie recalls the good doctor telling his patients, "I know Mrs. McMahan can do as good as I can," before he left When trials arose during a binh, Susie had to use her instincts to save lives. After walking four miles out into the mountains Susie thought a baby was not going to get born because it was crossways. She got some help and held the mother up on he.r head so she could tum the baby. The baby was born safe and sound. Often the families slept on bed ticks made out of tow sacks and stuffed with cornshucks. If the baby was born before she arrived, she often had to fish the infant out of cornsbucks. Susie had all her children at home, most delivered by other midwives. When a doctor was available, she would use him. As a midwife, probably some of Susie's proudest births were her own grandchildren, many of whom she helped to bring into the world. Today Susie has 123 grandchildren, great-grandchildren, and great-great-grandchildren. uld Susie dretired asdahmid.walife in 1966il, whedn whomen co get to octors an ospll s more eas y, an s e was no longer needed as desperately as she had once been. "I thought I'd done my duty," she said. And no one could argue with that statement! ,.~ ~ Reprinted with permission from The Sylva /h.rJJ.JJL. Sylva, NC ~ ~ -: ;5 ~ ~ ~ t: ~ ~ ;:;:. ~ ~ ~ ..;. ~ t r;,,. 1i>- ;.i ~ ~ ._p ~ ;.t.. ;:; :.r_ ~ ~· '9'i ~ ~ ~tilNli'•~'Mii~Wi~Jt~.'''M.f~\~~~,~~~~..tt~~r.~~flt;\~~t~\~l~~~l~J\','ix~\\.\'~!.ttt~~~\~\\IW,tl(~W4\\~tl\{{!~~U~:tt1~~j,W+\'~ KATUAH - page 26 Spring 1987 �MARCH 23-25 CREA T SMOKY MTNS "Spring Wildflower Pilgrimage". Auto and walking tours to view the diverse vegellllioo or the park in spring. Coniact Park Headquarters; Gatlinburg, TN 37738 24 ASHEVILLE, NC "LATINO·. highly acclaimed. fcnturc-length film shown during Central Americn Week. 7:30 pm. Humanities Lecture Hall, UNC·A~ S2.SO 25 26 ASHEVILLE, NC Acid Rain Panel Discuss1on.Wcnoca Sicmi Club. Uniwian Church. 7:00 pm social: 7:30 pm program. ARDEN, NC "Dreams" with Adrienne Quinn <Dreams· Seem Mcssaecs [rpm Your Mind). Creating and interpreting dreams. 9 am • 4 pm. Love offering. Unity Center: Airpon Rd. (704) 684-3798 27-29 25-26 FARNER, TN "Wild Foods, Earth Medicines" • identification, preparation, cookery. Meals. bunks. Pre-register: Pcppertand Fann Camp (sec 3128-29) JOHNSON CITY, TN 10th ·Annual Appalachian Studies Conference. "Rememberance, Reunion, & Revival: Celebnuing A Decade of Appalachian Studies". Info: Helen Roseberry; East TN Siate University: P.O. Box 22, 300A; Johnson City. TN 37614 (615) 929-4392. 30 BOONE, NC Paul Winier Concert. Farthing Auditor1um, Appalachian State University. SYLVA, NC Gurney Norman, Appalachian prose writer~ pjyjnc Rjghl's Trip>. reading from has works :it City Lights Bookstore. 55 E. Main St.. 7:30 pm 30 DUBLIN, VA "LEAVING EGYPT" · The Rood.side Thca1tc Info: (606) 633-0108 28-29 1-3 27 MAY FARNER, TN Caving Expedition with Snow Benr. Instruction in snfety, geology, cave formations.Pre-register: S6S includes meals, equipment. Pcppcrland Farm Camp; Sw Rouie; Farner, TN 37333 FARNER, TN KATUAH SPRING GATHERING at Pcppcrlnnd Farm Camp. Sec announcement next page. 10 28-29 WILLIS, VA "Natural Vision Improvement• with Michaela Schmidt. Indian Valley Holistic Center; Rt 2 Box 58; Willis, VA 24380. (703) 789-4295. KNOXVILLE, TN "Fundraising Workshop for Grassroou Orpnil.ations" with nationally acclaimed consultant Kim Klein. 9 1111-4:30 pm. $35. To rcgisicr (before 3(1.7): Community Shares; 517 Union Ave (Suite 203): Knoxville, TN 37902. (615) 522-1604. APRIL SWANNANOA, NC WATER FOR LIFE/ STREAMWATCH. Siatewide gathering or citiicns concerned with improving rivers .t streams in NC. Speakers, workshops, activities for teachers. recreational activities, ac. Info: Environmental Sllldics, Warren Wilson College, Swannanoa, NC 28778 2 WILLIS, VA Couples Workshop with Tom Williams. Indian Valley Holistic Ccnl.CI' (see 3128) 2 BRASSTOWN, NC Homesteading Workshops. John C. Campbell Folk School: Brasstown, NC 28902. (704) 837-2n5. 10-11 3-5 FARNER, TN Spring Camping Trip into a virgin hardwood forest. Wildflowers. foraging, tracking with Snow Bear (see 3/28-29). 3-5 HOT SPRINGS, NC "Tilc Mystic Journey Retreat". Southern Dharma Retreat Center; Rt. I, Box 34 H; H0t Springs, NC 28743. (704) 622-7112. 4 SWANNANOA, NC 3rd Annual WNC ENVIRONMENTAL SUMMIT. A look at key environmenlal issues, problems. solutions, and strategics. 8:30 am-5:00 pm., Kiuredge Center, Warren Wilson College. Registration $5. Info: Environmenlal Studies, Warren Wilson College, Swannnnoa. NC 28n8. 9-10 FARNER, TN "Earth Skills Seminar" • staying warm, dry, and well-fed with what the forest has to give. Pre-register: $50 includes mcab, lodging. Peppcrtand Farm Camp (sec 3128-29) 15-17 19-25 SW ANNA NOA, NC "Swannanoa River Awareness Weck" with Clean Streams Day, benefit square dance, etc. Info: Joe L..acltey, Environmental Studies.. Warren Wilson College, Swannanoa, NC 28n8. BLACK MOUNTAIN, NC 1987 BLACK MOUNTAIN SPRING MUSIC FESTIVAL. Claudia Schmidt. Trapezoid, Tuin, The Folkiellers, Golden Rod Puppets, Braidstream, more. S30 for the weekend. Wriie: P.O. Box 216: Black Min., NC 28711. • continued on next p1ge 10-12 WAYNESVILLE, NC "The Sounds of Spring: A Silent Meditation Retreat". Stil-Light Theosophical Rctrea1 Center, Rt I Box 326, Waynesville, NC 28786. (704) 452-4569 ~@(MJ~ft ~f!.IUJO~ ~~~ RECLAIM YOUR PERSONAL. POWER AT A NURTURING MOUNTAIN RETREAT CHl.DCARE AVl>U8.I: AUGUST 17 - 23 $285 HERBALIST, SUSAN WEED; BODY WORKER,UBBY OUTLAW CAROLYN MOORE, M.D. INDIAN VALLEY RETREAT RT 2 BOX 58, WILLIS. VA. 24380 (703) 789--4295 KATUAH - page Tl Spring 1987 �22-25 WILLIS, VA Vision Quest with Dan Goodp:ith. Indian Valley Holistic C.entcr (see 3128) 24-30 BRASSTOWN, NC "Native American Week" at John C. Campbell Folk School. Baskets, pouery, weaving, woodC3t'Ving. (soc S/2) 7-13 30 NC~ ALERT! 19-21 GREAT SMOKY MT'NS. "Geologic Evolution of the Great Smokies•, "Spring Wild Edibles". and • Animnl Life in Smoky Mtn. Sueams•. Smoky Mountain Field School (see 4/4) ~31 HENDERSONVILLE, NC NC Chapter Siemi Oub Annual Meeting. Kanuga Conference Center. Regisuntion fee. Info: Shirl Thomas (704) 885-8229. BRASSTOWN, JUNE DANCE WEEK, includes English Country, Scouish Country & English Garland Dancing. John C. Campbell Folk School (see 5/2). The IRS has proposed regulations to change the definition of lobbying. If adopted, these new regulations could d r astically affect what tax-exempt organizations can do. The changes would also be retroactive affecting the ww and ~ status of 501 C4 and possibly some 50 I C5 organizations. THE IRS IS ACCEPTING PUBLIC COMMENTS ON THESE PROPOSED NEW RULES UNTIL APRIL 3, 1987. Direct your comments to: WAYNESVILLE, NC • Flower Essences: Archetypes of Consciousness". Stil-LighL (see 4/10} 21 SUMMER SOLSTICE GATHERING and Seed Camp for National Rainbow Gathering. Rainbow Family of Living Light: Box 1097: Newport, TN 37821 23-24 JUNE 6 GREAT SMOKY MTNS "Forests and Trees of the Smokies". Smoley Mountain Field School (see 4/4} SWANNANOA, NC ALTERNATIVE FARMING FIELD DAYS. Sponsored by Carolina Fann Stewardship Assoc .. Keynote: Dick Harwood, fonncr director of Rodalc's Farm Research. Includes workshops, displays, field trips, etc. Info: Ian Robertson, Warren Wilson College, Swnnnaooa, NC 2877g. (704) 298-3325, ext 256. Commissioner of Internal Revenue Aucntion: CC:LR:T:E-154·78 Washington, DC 20224 For more infonnation: contact your local Sierra Club or Harvard Ayers, Blue Ridge Sierra Club, 205 Anne Marie Drive, Boone, NC 28607. (704) 264 4367 or 262-2295. Join a Circle of PEOPLE WHO CARE Cost if pre-registered by April 15: Katiiah Spring Gathering $20.00IJ.ri< $10.00chlf Cost al carll>: "working for a viable future for the Southern Appalachian Bioregion" Friday evening May 1 thru May 3 Sunday afternoon PEPPERLAND FARM CAMP wor1<shops on: Communities, Herb and Tree Identification Dowsing, Nukes, and Bear Action Crystal Circle, Childrens' Activities KA TUAH - page 28 $16.00 camping $20. ()() ~ $12.00 chl:1 All money received pays for food and camp costs. This Is a not·for-prof1t event. Name - - - - - - - - - - - - Address - - - - - - - - - - - Phone Enclosed is _ _ __ adults and _ _ Camping in payment for children. Bunk Please return to Katuah: Box 873: Cullowhee, NC: Katuah Province: 28723 For more Info, phone: (704) 586-3146 Spring 1987 �cefEBWO~ APPALACHIAN PATCHWORK - Mountain talcs and songs by the Appalachian Puppet ThC4trc. Cassette tape $7.00 from: Appalachian Puppet Theatre, 3SS Cedar Cteelc Road. Black Mountain, NC 28711 (704) 669-6821. DRUM WORKSHOPS - for children of all ages. Lherapeutic massage • Relaxes lhe body & mind ...Call Martha for more info at (704) 252-2420. CUSTOM CELTIC HARPS - A'CoW't Bason; Travianna Farm; Rt. I; Check, VA 24072. "AS WE ARE" - Women's music by Pomegrunatc Rose, a four-woman group playing lively original music. Cassettc tape available for $9.00 ppd. from RL 2, Box 43S; Piusboro, NC 27 IN DEFENSE OF SACRED LANDS • Support the rU'St Amendment lawsuit to stOp forced relocation of lhe Dineh (Navajo) people. Buy a sacred lands sweatshirt or long-sleeve T-shirt. SO/SO sweatshirts - $20 postpaid, in grey, red. turquoise. 100% couon long sleeve T-shirts - SI 5 postpaid, in black, forest green, lavender. sii.es: S-M-L-XL Crom BMLDiOC; 2501 N. 4th St; Flagstaff, AZ 86001. WINGED HEART HOMESTEAD - 283 acres in Indian Valley district, SW Virginia. On lhis farm we wam to start a selC-reliant communi1y of families emphasizing orpnic fanning methods and creative persooaJ and spiritu:il growth. Cootact: Mulawir; Rt HC-67, Box 171; Alum Ridge, VA 24051. MOON DANCE FARM HERBALS - herbal salves, lincturcs, & oils for birlhing &. family health. For ' brochure, please wri1.e: Moon Dance Farm; RL I, Box 726; Hrunpcon, TN 37658 OAK LEAP WORKS - band-crafted futon mattresses, :i:abuton floor cushions, yogamats, and buckwheat hull pillows: standard 4 custom size$ available, to suit your needs. Write or call for our free brochure: Oak Leaf Works; Star Route, Box 43: Aoyd, VA 24091; (703) 763-2373. FAIRGLEN FARMS oCfers organic, biological fertilizers for farm and garden. Send SASE for price list. Biologically-grown produce to sell? We are intcreSled in acting as coopc:rative ma.dceting agents with other growers. Write: Route I, BOA 319; Clyde. NC 28721. COALITION FOR ALTERNATlVES TO SHEARON HARRIS (CASH) - is working to proiect the N.C. Piedmont from the Shearon Harris nuclear reactor and a low-level nuclear waste dump. Now, more than ever, they need financial support and people's energy. CASH; 237 McCauley SL; Chapel Hill, NC 27514. DRUMS - Custom handcrafted ceramic dumbeclcs & wooden medicine drums. Call Joe at (704) 258-1038 or David at (704) 253-2846, or writc to: Joe Robens, 738 Town Mountain Rd.; Asheville, NC 28804. ORIGINAL WATERCOLORS - Nina Anderson; Box 888; CUllowhce, NC 28723; (704) 293-5670. THE CENTER FOR NEW PRIORITIES - now open, in Asheville, NC, for all groups dedicated to working towards genuine, life>orient.cd, change for the community. Office space, small meeling s113CC, and kitchen facilities are available. For more information, call (704) 254-4714 or write the Center, S4 Starnes Avenue, Asheville. NC 28801. The Center apprecia.t es donations. largCl or small, to help with iis upkeep and activities. FARM WANTED - young family seeks owner-financed, low down payment (SSOO or less) small acreage (10 acres or less) in lhe N.C. mountains for home, gardens, fruit tree, and peace. Also, we would appreciate info on jobs and/or job offen in the area. We are young. hard-wating and dependable. Please write Mr. cl Mrs. Jorge Veluque:i:; 174 Countrywood, Cleveland, TX TI327. CUSTOM WOODWORKS & HOME IMPROVEMENT CO. - tables, cabinets, bookcases, house repair. Gerald Ashe; (704) 497-9834: Whittier, NC 28789. KA1UAH • page 29 PERMACULTURE ASSISTANT- "For five years now I've been doing research and trials on Permacnlturc candidate species for the interior Soulhcastem Highlands. I need to find an apprentict/research assistant. preferably one with the potential to become a partner and/or eventual successor. Gardening and writing experience would be useful, but 1 will IJ'8in anyone with a sincere interest." Adam Turtle; Nobody's Mountain; Livingston, TN 38S70. INDIAN VALLEY RETREAT - 140 acres in Blue Ridge mountains with facilities availnble to rent for groups or individual retreats. either guided or unstructured. Send for information and seasonal calendar of healing, transfomuu.ive events to: Indian Valley Holistic Center; Rt 2, Box S8; Willis, VA 24380. 0.INCH RIVER EDUCATIONAL CENTER offers counseling for individuals, couples, groups. Also classes in personal growth and body awareness. P.O. Box 993; Abingdon, VA 24210. CREEKSIDE PRESS • Assistance for authors and poets in editing, computer services, and submitting manuscripts for publication. Lori Ward Hamm: P.O. Box 331: Abingdon, VA 24210. FARM FOR SALB • 43 acres, Calhoun C1y. WV; S room older house, deep well. 30+ apple trees, indoor hot water and bath, outdoor toilet, FREE NATURAL GAS, hilltop, 1/4 mile well-maintained access road. Allan cl Carol Freeman, (704) 264-S726. $30,000. PEPPERLAND FARM CAMP - a unique summet camp experience for children 6-16 years. Adventure trips, riding, Indian lore, swimming, more. Delicious vegetarian meals - special diets accomodaled. Also seeking counselors and staff. For info: Pcpperland Farm Camp; Star Route; Farner. TN 37333 (704) 494-2353 FOUR WINDS VILLAGE - health and spiritual retreat; home for children in need. For visiling info. write: Box 112: Tiger, GA 30S76. Sprin:J 1987 �MORE cef€BW OR/5efg APPRENTICESHIPS - offered in large. organic, market garden business and home subsistence/ preservation garden. Gardeners have eight years experience teaching organic, biodynamic-Frcnch intensive, labor intensive gardening. Housing. Contacc Bob and Sandy Gow; Rt. 2, BOJC 51; Zionvillc, NC 28698. (919) 385~. "CELEBRATION SPACE: Songs 10 Celebrate Life" - A cassette tape completely produced, pezforrned, and recorded by members and friends of the Floyd County community IO raise money for the Floyd County Community Hall. This audio songbook contains IS original songs and chants and 3 traditional songs to learn and sing in your own community. The sound quality is uneven, but the energy, spirit, and joy shine through. For the cassette tape with lyric sheet (ppd.). send $10.00 IO the Floyd County Community Hall Project; Rt. I, Box 735; Floyd, VA 24091. TWO PAPERS - "How 10 Stan a Co-op" and "Steps Toward Forming an Auto Repair Cooperative• by Dr. Rodney S. Wead, PhD. Available from Appalachian People's Service Organization; P.O. Box 1007; Blacksburg, VA 24060. TECHNOLOGICAL APPROPRIATE COMMUNICATIONS - low-tech, economical telephone systems for the alternative community or farm. 2·100 phones. automatic or human-assisted systems available. Write: TAC; PO Box 936; Gatlinburg, TN 37730 ARCHITECTURAL ADVJCE AND DESIGN: Adam Cohen; Rt. 2, Box 217; Check, VA 24072 DAYSTAR ASTROLOGICAL SERVICE - natal, transit, comparison charts. Very accurate. Only $3.00 each. Chris and Will Bason; Rt. 2, Boit 217; Cbcck, VA 24072 (703) 651-3492 SOCK-A-DOOZ PUPPET PETS - Walk 'cm, talk 'cm, make 'cm fly. Wag their tails, you can try. They will love you, hug you if you're blue. Now PUPPET PETS can be your friends loo. Handcrafted by Bonnie Blue; P.O. Box 65; Genon, NC 28735. ASREVll..LE I BUNCOMBE COUNTY SOLID WASTE ALTERNATIVES PLANNING WORKBOOK: A design for handling solid wastes in any urban context. SIS from Long Branch Environmental Education Center, Rt. 2, Box 132; Lcices!Ct, NC 28748. ~OBS CONCERT - Music and stories about Martin Lulher King, Rosa Parks. and other champions df peace & courage. for information and boo\.ings, contacc Meg Macl..eod. 160 Aint St., Asheville, NC 28801 (704) 2S4-64S4. ELACHEE NATURE SCIENCE CENTER dcdicaled to the undcrslanding and appreciation o( the natural world. For membership or visiting info, write P.O. Box 2771; Gainesville, GA 30503. WEBWORKING is lice. Send subm~sions IO: . K.a.tGah P.O. Box 873 Cullowhce, NC KatUah Province 28723 THE SECOND NORTH AMERICAN BIOREGIONAL CONGRESS was a continental gathering of biorcgionalists held in August 1986 on the shores of Lake Michigan. The NABC II Proceedings, a 90-page quality paperbound book, conUlins reports and resolutions from seventeen committees, highlights and texts of panels, workshops and presentations on such subjects as eco-feminism, pennacuhure, native peoples and people of color, economics, and spirituality, as well as biorcgional an, poetry, and photos. The publication is an anractive and comprehensive current statement of the bioregional movement. Price is $10 each plus $1.50 p&h. California residents add 6% sales tax. Wholesale prices available. Alexandra Han/ Proceedings; Box 10 IO; Forestville, CA 95436. ln Canada, contact Christopher Plant, The New Catalyst; POB 99; LiUooct, BC VOK IVO Canada. Al ARTHUR MORGAN SCHOOL 24 students and 14 staff learn together by living in community. Curriculum includes creative academics. group dccision.maJcing, a work program. service prOJCClS, extensive rield trips, challenging outdoor experiences. Write: 1901 Hannah Branch Rd.; Burnsville, NC 28714. FLOWER ESSENCES - Harmony with Nature & SpiriL Gentle emotional suppon during transi!JOllS, specific issues, relationships. Opens communications. Self-adjusting, non-toxic, awareness "tools" for improving the inner qll31ity. Correspondence to: Elaine Geouge, c/o Patchwork Castle, Celo, 3931 HWY 80 So.. Burnsville, NC 28714 STIL-LIGHT THEOSOPHICAL RETREAT CENTER - a quiet space for personal mcdlllltlon. group intcracLion through study and community work, and spiritual seminars. Contaet Leon Frankel; RL I, Box 326; Waynesville, NC 28786 .. CIBlllNI&SIE ACUlPllJ~C1'1U!ilE AMP lllIIE!il!OILOG 'W CILlIMIC NATURAL FOOD STORE & DELI We now have. u.tVtA.ive. monthly ~pe.cial..6, wi.th a di66t1te.tit SUPER SPECIAL EACll 160 Broadway Asheville, N.C. 28801 (704) 253-7656 MALAPROP'S BOOKSTORE/CAFE 342 MERRIMON AVE., ASHEVILLE. NC 704 -258·901 6 BOOKS - CAROS - wmc RECORDS 61 HAYWOOO ST ASHEV1ll.E. NC 28801 70l·25<1-873ol KATUAH ·page 30 Open 7 Daya A Week Where Broadway Meets Merrlmon And 1·240 9:00 a.m. · 6:30 p.m. Monday • Friday 9:00 a.m · 8:00 p m Saturday Sunday 1:00 p .m. • 5:00 p.m Spriz¥J 1987 ::. �KJl.Jimh. wants to communfcate your tlwuglits and feelings to the other people in the bioregional province. Send them to us as letters, poems, stories, drawings, or photographs. Please send your contributions to us at: Kmlmh,· Box 873; Cullowhee, NC ; Ka/Uah Province 28723. In the summer we will be considering an and music, gardens and growing, and the process ofinitiation that ta/res place as we move through our life stages. Medtrlnt'-' ."'111tes Please send your ideas for futme themes for K.!uiiah. BACK ISSUES ISSUE 1WO • WlNl'ER 1983-84 Yona - Bear Huniers - Pigeon River· Anolhct Way Wilh Animals - Alma - Becoming Politically Effective - Mounlllin Woodlands - Katiiah Under the Drill· Spiriwal Warriors ISSUE THREE· SPRING 1984 Suslainable Agriculture - Sunflowers • Human Impact on the Forest - Childrens' Education • Veronica Nicholas:Woman in Politics - Lillie People - Me<licine Allies ful I color T-s6irts In the traditional Cherokee Indian belief, the creatures in the world today arc only diminutive forms of the mythic beings who once inhabited the world. but who now reside in Galuna'ti, the spirit world, the highest heaven. But a few of the original powers broke through the spiritual barrier and exist yet in the world as we know it These beings are called with reverence "grandfathers". And of them, the strongest arc KilWi, the lightning, the power of the sky; Utsa'nati, the rattlesnake , who personifies the power of the earth plane; and Yunwi Us<fi. "the little man", as ginseng is called in the sacred ceremonies, who draws up power from the underworld. Each is the strongest power in itll own domain. Together they are allies: their energies complement each other to form an even greater power. As medicine allies, they represent the healing power of the Appalachian Mountains. The medicine powers of Kawah have been depicted in a striking T-shirt design by Ibby Kenna. Printed in 5-color silkscreen by Ridgerunner Naturals on top-quality, all-cotton shirts, they arc available now in all adult sizes from the~joumal. "To show respect for this supernatural trinity of the natural world is to in tum become an ally in the continuing process of maintaining harmony and balance here in the mountains of Katllah." To order, use the form below. ISSUE FOUR • SUMMER 1984 Water Drum - Water Qualiiy - Kudzu - Solar Eclipse - Clearcuuing - Trout - Going to Water • Ram Pumps - Microhydro - Poems: BeMie Lee Sinclair, Jim Wayne Miller ISSUE FIVE· FALL 1984 Harvest ·Old Ways in Olerokee - Ginseng • Nuclear Waste - Our Celtic Heriiage - Bioregionalism: Past. Present, and Future - John Wilnoty - Healing Darlrn~ ·Politics of Pani<:ipation ISSUE SIX· WINTER 1984-85 Winter Solstice Earth Ceremony • Horsepasture River - Coming of the Light - Log Cabin Roots • Mounraln Agriculture: The Right Crop • William Taylor - The Future of the Forest ISSUE SEVEN - SPRING 1985 Sustainable Economics - Hot Springs • Worker Ownership • The Great Economy - Self Help Credit Union • Wild Turlcey - Responsible Investing Working in the Web of Life ISSUE EIGHr - SUMMER 1985 Celebration: A Way of Life - Katllah 18,000 Years Ago· Sacred Sites - Folk Ans in the Schools - Sun Cycle/Moon Cycle Poems: Hilda Downer Cherokee Heritage Center - Who Owns Appalachia? ISSUE NINE· FALL 1985 The Waldee Forest - The Trees Speak - Migraling Forests • Horse Logging • Staning a Tree Crop • Urban Ttt.es - Acom Bread - Myth Tune KATUAH: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians Box 873; Cullowhee, NC; Kanlah Province 28723 For more info: call Mamie Muller (704) 252-9167 Regular Membership........$10/yr. Sponsor..........................$20/yr. Contributor.....................$50/yr. Name Address Enclosed is $ to give this effort an extra bOost City State Zip I can be a local contact person for my area Area Code KATUAH-pue31 Phone Number ·- - - - - - .. =---"'--•• -- ISSUE TEN - WINTER 1985-U Kate Rogers - Circles of Stone - Internal Mythmalcing • Holistic Healing on Trial - Poems: Steve Knaoth - Mythic Places - The Uktena's Tare Crystal Magic - "Drcamspcaking" ISSUE ELEVEN - SPRING 1986 Community Planning - Cities and the Bioregional Vision - Recycling - Communily Gardening- Floyd County, VA· Gaoohol - Two Biorcgionat Views · Nuclear Supplement - Foxfue Games -Good Medicine: Visions ISSUE THIRTEEN· Fall 1986 Center For Awakening - Elizabeth Callari - A Gentle Dealh - Hospice - Ernest Morgan - Dealing Creatively with Death • Home Burial Box • The Wake - The Raven Mocker • Woodslore and Wildwoods Wisdom • Good Medicine: The Sweal Lodge ISSUE FOURTEEN· Winter 1986-87 Lloyd Carl Owle - Boogers and Mummers - All Species Day - Cabin Fever University - Homeless in Katiiah - Hommade Hot Water - Stovemaker's Narrative • Good Medicine: Interspecies Communication Back Issues Issue#_@ $2.00 $_ _ Issue#_@ $2.00 = $_ _ Issue# _ _@ $2.00 $_ _ Issue#_@ $2.00 = $_ _ Issue#_@ $2.00 = $_ _ CompleteSet(2·11, 13-14) @ $18.00 =$_ _ = = T-Shirts: specify quantity color: tan s__ ~ L_ _ XL_ _ @ $9.50 each............$_ _ TOTALPRICE= postage paid $_ _ � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians Records Description An account of the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, later simplified to Katúah Journal, was published from 1983 to 1993. A quarterly publication, it was focused on the bioregion of former Cherokee land in Appalachia. The early issues of the journal explain the meaning of the Cherokee name, Katúah, and why the editors wanted to view the world through a bioregional lens, rather than political boundaries. A volunteer production, the editors took a holistic view in tackling social, environmental, mental, spiritual, and emotional topics of the day, many of which are still relevant.  The Katúah Journal was co-founded by Marnie Muller, David Wheeler, Thomas Rain Crowe, Martha Tree and others who served as co-publishers and co-editors. Other key team members included Chip Smith, David Reed, Jay Mackey, Rob Messick and many others. This digital collection is only a portion of the Katúah-related materials in the W.L. Eury Appalachian Collection in Special Collections at Appalachian State University. The items in AC.870 Katúah Journal records cover the production history of the Katúah Journal. Contained within the records are correspondence, publication information, article submissions, and financial information. The editorial layouts for issues 12 through 39 are included as are a full run of the Journal spanning nearly a decade. Also included are photographs of events related to the Journal and a film on the publication. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived This resource is part of the Katúah Journal Records collection. For a description of the entire collection, see <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/937" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Katúah Journal Records (AC. 870)</a>. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The images and information in this collection are protected by the Copyright Law of the United States (Title 17, U. S. C.) and are intended only for personal, non-commercial, and educational purposes, provided proper citation is used – i.e., Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians Records, 1980-2013 (AC.870), W. L. Eury Appalachian Collection, Special Collections, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC. Researchers are responsible for securing permissions from the copyright holder for any reproduction, publication, or commercial use of these materials. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1983-1993 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource journals (periodicals) Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, Issue 15, Spring 1987 Description An account of the resource The fifteenth issue of the Katúah Journal focuses on women: Francis Goodrich's settlement work, Lislott Harberts' Forest Care business, midwife Susie McMahan, the Cherokee matriarchal culture and various resources for women in general. Authors and artists in this issue include: Jan Davidson, Patricia Claire Peters, David Wheeler, Angela Griffin, Rob Messick, Ise Williams, Marnie Muller, Tata Andres, Linda Mathis, Colleen Redman-Copus, Martha Tree, Patricia Shirley, Gary Davis, Julia Nunnally Duncan, Donna VanLear, Marcia Hurlow, John Grey, Donald Morton, and Douglas A. Rossman. Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, later simplified to Katúah Journal, was published from 1983 to 1993. A quarterly publication, it was focused on the bioregion of former Cherokee land in Appalachia. The early issues of the journal explain the meaning of the Cherokee name, Katúah, and why the editors wanted to view the world through a bioregional lens, rather than political boundaries. A volunteer production, the editors took a holistic view in tackling social, environmental, mental, spiritual, and emotional topics of the day, many of which are still relevant. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1987 Table Of Contents A list of subunits of the resource. Coverlets.......1 Poem: "My Mother's Eyes".......5 Lislott Harberts: Forester.......6 Susie McMahan: Midwife.......9 Resources for Women.......10 Alternative Contraception.......11 Biosexuality.......12 Bioregionalism and Women.......13 Poems.......14 Good Medicine: Matriarchial Culture.......15 Pearl.......16 Natural World News.......18 A Children's Page.......21 Note: This table of contents corresponds to the original document, not the Document Viewer. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Sylva Herald Publishing Company, Sylva, North Carolina Subject The topic of the resource Bioregionalism--Appalachian Region, Southern Sustainable living--Appalachian Region, Southern Women-owned business enterprises--North Carolina, Western Coverlets--North Carolina, Western--History Midwifery--North Carolina, Western Ecofeminism Patriarchy Matriarchy North Carolina, Western Blue Ridge Mountains Appalachian Region, Southern North Carolina--Periodicals Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/937"> AC.870 Katúah Journal records</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a title="In Copyright – Educational Use Permitted" href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-EDU/1.0/?language=en 8" target="_blank"> In Copyright – Educational Use Permitted </a> Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Appalachian Region, Southern Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. <a title="Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians" href="https://omeka.library.appstate.edu/collections/show/79" target="_blank"> Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians </a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Journals (Periodicals) Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1980s Appalachian Mountains Appalachian Studies Bioregional Definitions Children's Page Community Folklore and Ceremony Forest Issues Forest Practice Good Medicine Katúah Pigeon River Poems Radioactive Waste Reading Resources Recycling Stories Turtle Island Water Quality Western North Carolina Alliance Women's Issues https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/3567a630be59b5496463f585671f2635.pdf 61f182d69dcedf09a39a622f12601af3 PDF Text Text f ~ . CK._ATUAH > .... $1.50 ISSUE 18 WINTER 1987-88 BIOREGIONAL JOURNAL OF THE SOUTHERN APPALACHIANS ._,, • �Photo by Paul Gallimore (j~~-~-T-~H) P.O. Box 873 Cullowhee, NC Katuah Province Postage Paid Non-profit Org. 28723 Note new address, inside/ ADDRESS CORRECTION REQUESTED Permit #12 Cullowhee, NC 28723 �• SHELTER IN KATUAH Resource List.... .. ... .. .• • On Bui.Jdlng andDulgn Solar Compo ting ToileL.......... IS October Qysk ............................. 16 P<>tms by Rlla Silns Qull,.n Review by Ju/Ja N11111f411y Duncan Good Medicine: 'On Sbelter"....... 18 The Future of the Black Bcar........19 COf(cnia Rqon Natural World News.. .. ............20 CaldwdJ CtJlllfly I~ SlflOkia Wlldentas Bill Poachers C.,lrt MRS in CDngras Forat Snvla Pba Al1Mll Duh'1 Col~ Cred p;o}«t AslwvUle R«,clJni CenlU A Children's Page......................23 Drummang ...... Utltn to Kalllah • ... 24 ·A Bourn of Buds".. . .. .. .. .28 f'\ l'otm by Miclrod ffodtatlat The presence of shelter embodies much more than just a building. It is a home, a center around which members of a family or community emerge, travel from, return to, and are visited. Many of the most important events in human life find a place, time, and meaning within the structures we build. It is here that we house or integrate the activities of our lives (birthing, growing, eating, sleeping, playing, working, dying...) In many ways, "we are what we build". Through this kind of architectural mirror is reflected the expression of a cultural and personal world view. We now greatly attect the ecology of the Earth by the impact of our collective human existence. The niches we carve out for ourselves very often intrude into the habitat of other animals and plants. Is it possible for us to build our communities in accord with the recycling nature of the systems that surround us? Buildings are inherently open systems that interact with the forces of wind, water, land, temperature, season. and other living things. Our relatedness to the natural world can be acknowledged through designing shelter that is actively aware of the flow of energies coming into, working within, moving out of, and mingling among other systems of the Earth, and, particularly, of a bioregion. By affirming patterns of sustainability in the design of our shelters and communities. we foster their existence and come closer to being in harmony with all that is. -The Editors/ �......---..;~ (i.ATUAH) EDITORIAL STAfF DDS J.s.s!LE; Scott Bird Sam Gray Rob Messick ~1amie Michael Red Foit Manha Tree David Wheeler Muller EDITORIAL ASSISTANCE: Christina Morrison Bob WiesellTl311 Sarah Jane Thomas Hot Sauce Cover: "Howie's Dome" ne:ir Bethel, NC. Photo by Rob Messick. Thanks lO Eart.hdanccr for the Invocation for this issue. which was reprinted from lhe Educational Resource Ccmcr Newslcucr, P.O. Box The Southern Appalachian Bioreglon and Ma1or Eastern River Systems 460; Floyd, VA 24091 EDITORIAL OFFICE THJS ISSUE: Worley Cove. Sandymush Creek PRINTED BY: Sylva Herald Publishing Co., Sylva, NC WRITE US AT: TELEPHONE: (704) 683-1414 KaWh... Boit 638 Leicester, NC Katuah Province 28748 01vcrsuy 1$ an imponant clement of bioregional ecology. both ll.llural and soci.11. In lme with this principle, Katllah tries to serve as a forum for the discUSSion of regional iSSlle$. Siincd articles express mly lhc op1n10n ol the authors and arc not ncccuanly the opiruons of lhc Kati.ah edit.ors or Slaff. The lni.cmal Rc•'CllUC Servltc lw declared Kazuah a non-profit organ11.ation under MlCtion SO I(cX3) of the ln=I Revenue Code. All conuibutions io Katuali arc doducuble from personal income rax. 'LNVOCA.TWN STATEMENT OF PURPOSE Here in rhe sou1hern-mos1 heartland of the Appalachian moU11Jains, the oldest moUnJain range on our continent, Turrie Island; a small buz growing group has begun to IOU on a sense of responsibility for the implications of tltat geographical and cultural heritage. This sense of responsibility centers on ti~ concept of living within ti~ narwal scale and balance ofumversal syswnr and principles. Within this circle we begin by invoking the Cherolcee name " Katuah" as the old/new name for this area of the mountains and for its journal as well. The province is indicared by its natural boundaries: the Roanoke Rfrer Valley to the nonh; the foothills of the piedmont area to the east; Yona Mountain and the Georgia hills to the somh; and the Tennent/! Rfrer i'nlley to the west. The editorial priorities for us are to collect and disseminate information and energy which pertains specifically to this regwn. and to foster the awareness t/IDJ the land is a living being deserving of our love and respect. LJ1•ing in tltis manner is a way to insure the sustaillllbilicy of tlte biosphere and a lasting place for ourselves in irs continuing evolutionary process. We seem to have reached the fulcrum point of a "do or die "siruarion in terms of a quality standard of life for all living befogs on 1/iis planet. As a voice for rite caretakers of this sacred land, Kawah, we advocate a ceruered approach to tlte concept of decentralization. It is our hope to become a support system for those accepting the challenge of s1istainabi/iry and ti~ crea1io11 af harmony and balance in a total sense, here in tliis place. We welcome all co"espondence, criticism, pertinent information, anicles, arrwork. etc. witlt hopes that Katuah will grow to serve the best interests of tltis region and all its living, breathing members. - The Editors KATUMI - page 2 WINTER 1987·88 �PROTECTING THE DREAMER: Vernacular Values in H.cgional Architecture by Sam Gray ln his classic work, Poetics of the French philosopher Gaston Bachelard focused on various levels of architectural meaning. He suggested Lhat a basic feature of those meanings we associate with the idea of Lhe house is that the home protects. It not only protects physically against climate and weather, it protects psychically as well. IL protects thought, reverie, and dreaming. That, perhaps, is its most important function. "The purpose of the house is to protect the dreamer within," wrote Bachelard. Evoked is the architecture of dwelling - protective, sensual. natural - grounded in a locale and a time. In a word, vernacular, ar adjective which connotes in buildint economics, politics. cooking, or a what it once described exclusive! about language or poetry. "Vernacular" is Lhe indigenou the traditional, the homemad1 spontaneous, colloquial expression< anything. If a house of some order (tip cabin. frame house, stone hous1 yurt) is important for huma reflection and dreaming, it is littl wonder that our psyches become s1 entwined with their architecture. The house of our childhood i: an architectural emity, a psychic landscape and a context for memories and understanding. So. too, is the house of our plans, the house we would build - the dream house of the mind that we continuously construct, revise, and renovate. The dreamer. protected by the house, dreams a house and fills n with plans, voices, and ghosts that are themselves protected by the house. In our time, the architectural space that shelters thought and dreams has begun to fill with the electronic dreams, projections. and hallucinations of the national media and markets. It is possible that the traditional purpose of the house has undergone an evolution. The dreaming space, filled from within ~. • continued on page 4 WINTER 1987·88 SM/ton I/oust. llaywood Coun1y. 1876-188(). Two-story frame howt wl1h tngaged /WO-lier /'()rch bu1/1 by ConftlkraJt \'ttcran S~p,..tn J. Shelton. 1he building now hawsts 1he Mumm1 of Nor1h Carolina llaNficr<(rs. Ap1'><11arl11a11 log cabin i11 uniikntifitd locale, circa 1900. Roofln~ is chcstnUI or oaJc slt.:iks. Jesst Cmp I/oust. Graham Counry. tarly 20th cen1ury. Two-s1ary framt hou.~t of a "Y-p/an• foU!ld with some frequtncy in Graham County bw rurt tl_.htWrt KATUAH - page 3 �PR01 EC'Tll\\G THE ORl-:AMER connnucd from J13gC 3 Gallaway llou.u l tanrylv'11lla CoUJtty, clrrn 1878 T'r<o•Jtaq tOC!/ di /armlil>~ '6ilh iabk aJtd ~;iltrlDt r!ld bticl tldM11r11fr0111 '4 • a 114 titr ~roe/p<nlt atTO.U UllW bay Jlar w lla1m. CllLrctLt Co1U1tv, IBSO 1882 f'Wo.srory britl /ttJllU of lftDd 1td •t.i.p/an• ..~111 iltltTID! t1ii,,.J1tp Tl:e "'""'~' porr:h a TOIJ tltLfa t ..idth t:ftM/.itilM ha.I s:mn ..wl lnacltts and balas:radt 71'~ brl "' tbr bltJldint "~" mt:M on ilu Cl111r ~11'1:1 loust lla¥>4'00d COIUIJJ lA:L I II UfllJl.1'1 r ... •r plt111 brW: ho1<u •iJ/I t l l"lpcrtA aucw/att:tk/ta:J:nfll tlt:fldr un.n ..w1 balllft~ KATUAH p:igc 4 tic stCOnd Jnri. \\uh the \\lute noise of the mas dream. loses its cnp!lcit) to protect nnd nunurc ubJCclt\C drenming 1 he contemporar1 mas nrclutccturc of dv.elhng reflects th1 ero 10!1 Demographics, technology. nd the market &re estabh hing n stnndardized hou ing thai fills an urb!lil or suburb:m topogrnph) \\hi ch ha been stripped of all indigenous populnuon!; and fe:iturcs. 1bc re uhing arrangement of nrchitccturnl values lea,es the dreamer (the subjecti\'e self) unprotected, unjustified, and nccidentnl. What has been deleted from contemporury mass architectural expression of the house i the sense nnd presence of the \'Cmaculnr, nn element essential to the protection of the dreamer. There nre two architectural clements of the vemnculnr house thnt ore particularly impon:mt to the protection of rc\erie and drcnming. lbese arc the heanh nnd the porch. Hoth v.crc corn istent features of the vemacular houses of the Kn1unh re ion an former times. ·1bc psychic mean mg of the hearth go fnr b:tck m time nnd the relationship of henrthfirc and drcnm consciousness have been discussed frequently in the poetry nnd literature of architectural meaning. The porch or verandah is n more regional nrchitectur:il feature. Jn its grander, two-storied, b:tlustraded fonns, it is derived from the semi-tropicnl, colonial, Canbbean nrchilecture or the 18th Century. Yet it wns always n feature of 1hc Southern Appalachian log cabin. It is n medinting space situated between the outside, the domain of energies expended in agricultural labor. and the cabm intenor, the domnm of energies regenerated in enung nnd sleepmg. h is n place of repose, n place for dreaming. The photograph oc:ompany mg th1 text offer a sampling of the nch leg C) of vemncul r hou es of the Kntu h region. 1t 1s a lcgnc) that •"' fnst d1sappeanng. These hou es that have protected generations of dreamer hn..·e themselves little protection from the descendants of the dreamers. , Wl~'TER 1987 8 �by Adam Cohen pbns nuke 11 casa to csnmac materials and to by out consttucuon sequence cffiaenlly. My uplllTmion nf building 1n Ka1Wih has been on a personal Incl as ...~11 as on a professiolllll lr:vel. My aperienu rangt.s from building for ma.timum economy to building for maximum luiury BUI 1hLre u a COmmJJn ft•cl111g I get from people n•eryonc de.sires a spucc 111 KIUc:h ro l1vt./111ly. To tmly e.rperitncc life means to live on orhtr lt\•cls bcs1dct the phylical. A /Mng Jpace llumlJ bt. bmh organic and J1exihlc ·it mmt l>e oble w grow and chan~ ro mur all of our nuds. Ir IS rhur fuUng of organic:, tccmorrucal arclurcc:turc rhar I strl~ f<1r 111 m)' wark, /n thu article I will 0U1l1M tlui lxmc.r of bmldmg as rcmpcrtd by my personal architectural phUosophy and practical, professional ~rkncu. But even 1hc best·latd plans run tnto wiforcsccn diffaculncs. 1bc bes& ~-ay 10 deal w11h this 1s 10 be flexible and to devise cn::ulvc soluuons.. If you choose to have a house dra't•lll for you, Rmcmbcr that 1he design proocss 1s yours. One can move walls on papcreauly, so 1akc dmc and uplore many options bcfon: dccidin~ on I rmaJ plan. To begin designing 1 dwelling, oullinc the needs the suuaure should fulfill, lis1 1he areas and livin& spaces desired. 1ncrc arc many ways to pu1 these spaces 1ogclhcr. Whal approximate square foocagc is desired'? Is a linglc·unit or multi·unu dwelling the best for the sile and the inhabitants? Would you late IO hve in a roundish, squarish, turtlc·baclccd, or free-form dwelling? How tall should the space be? Any lofts or second 5'0rics? Are ~J~n spaces « disunct rooms A house rctain5 the energy put into the builJ1ng. tnrusc the bullchn4 process w11h good energy rrum 1hc be4mning to stlllt the new dwelling off In the nght way. smNG Solar houses arc desirable in cvuy biorcgion in the temperate zone. The sun as hfc. Where I bvc in northern K.atiiah. I find lhat we need house£ 1ha1 are flexible. Our weather is iuch 1hat 1hc 1empcra1ure can swing .SO degrees Fin a 12 hour period. We can have snow on 1hc ground and 70 degree F 1empcra1ures outdoors an r:ebruary. 1'hercforc. my emphasis h:is been on houses 1h:11 cnn be easily hCllted as well as cooled. "Inc conditions in Ka1ii:ih indicate 1lu1 we need house.~ 1ha1 heat up quickly :tnd 1hcn rntha1c 1h:11 hc:i1 rapidly. As u rule of 1humb, site n dwelling 10 fnce wuhin 10· 12 degrees or solar sou1h to mnx1mi1.c solar uposurc. When choosmi; a sue, consider 1hc direction of the prcvnahng cold winter wands u well ns 1hc cooling !iummcr winds. but keep 50lai orientat1on 11S a domlnnn1 fnc1or because pl:tnungs and olhcr buildings can serve as 1o1.1ndbrcaks as the homcslead grows. Water supply must also be considered when choosing a she. A rchablc source of clean 1.1.1ucr is csscn1ial for 1 homestead. Gravity flow from a spring above the building site is the ideal shu11ion and lhc C3.Siest to develop. W11cr from a well or another source below lhc house can be pumped to a large reservoir above lhc dwelling to crate a gravity flow. Electric pumps nm bf AC po"'cr from the &rid arc the least dcsuablc way 10 accomplish 1his. Elccmc pumps powered by solar cdls are better, but !hey still arc high-1ech solutions. and they depend on a high-1cch future. Some appropriate pumping systems arc ram pumps. micro-hydroelectric (stt KJllli.aJ1 #4 ), wind·powcrcd DC systems, wind-driven compressed air sysacms, and my personal favorite, the bicyclc·powcred water system. WINTER 1987-88 A chcmical analystS IS worth the pnce dclcrminc the presence: or polluting chemicals or organic m:ucnali in the waicr supply. IO DESIGNING nm SITE Having found a site with solar exposure, wn1cr, and hopefully, 1 windbreak from the winier winds. m4kc a rough site plan to help decide where to locate the building. D111grnm 1hc she, pencilling in essenu:lls like fruu 1rccs, gardens. shop, sheds, animal houses, and p:isturc. I like 10 1h1nk of hvmg structures as p:in or cite landscape. connecting indoor and outdoor space. A wcll·planncd, m1CtCOnncctcd, outdoor IJllCC adds acsthetic: qualuy 10 a homcsle.ad. Our home is a central CCR lb1ICtUre dlll we coaanually arc . ddiftl small aaians a onto. J b1ghly recommcncl dus way of approaching design and buUdin1 lor the owner-builder. Tbc inhial suuc:ture can be C<Jm\'lcted durina the building 1C&10D to provide shelter for the wima. Additions can continue throughout the years following. This also allows rime 10 change design. Jn this n:sidcntS can occupy lhcir home as lhcy build It. Once a general idea of the nccdcd laving areas is clear, draw a "blob dll&rll1l" {sec diagram I) to show 1he 1ntcr-rcla11onsh1p of the d1ffcren1 spaces. The walls, floor, and roof mc~ly hold 1he no1hangness 1ha1 is the living space.The IClUal envelope which contains lhesc spaces can be any shape or fonn. The following hst of arc:tS, Starung from the loundatJon Ind wortcin,1 up, gives some ideas which can be used in design and bu1ld1ng These simplified d1sc:un1ons an: meant only to snmul11e and IO guide the reader's creative war. unagmanon. DESIGNING A DWEU.JNG Designing your own home is a delight. As a general rule, lhc less cxpcricnccd the builder and the mon: OUl5idc help lha1 is going co be ailed on. the more complete and thorough the building plans should be. A complcle sci of plans Includes dimensioned fJoor plans, clcvanons, and sectional drawings, IS well IS dc11ils ror tricky areas and elccuical, plumbing. and hcatin plans. ~o build a umber or ocher pre-cut house. a farm plan is necessary. If much of lhc consttuctlon is to be contnetcd out, complete plans will make lhe work much smoolhcr and much less expensive. Good • Clllldmued oa ma1 pop. KAn.JAH • PIF S �FOUNDATIONS In Katiiah the best foundation is mnsonry. For lo ngevity, bug-proofing, and structural 1megri1y, ~11he house on a stone, 0 block, or concrete foundation 16 1 24 inches deep. Unless the slopes arc very siecp or the ground is very \Oft, this is suflicient for this region. Having said this, I will add 1h:11 a time-honored Katuah foundation is debarked, v. inter-cut, black locust posts set about 30 inches into the earth with a n.11 stone m the bottom of the hole. This can be a very effective method for n quick beginning 10 a structure built to last 30 ye:in. or less. (Of course. posts can be replaced 10 extend 1h1s lifespan.) llus would still outlast most suburban hou~e~ constructed today. for these arc built to a 25 year life expectancy. My favorite foundauon is stone. Begin the wall 16 to 30 inches below the surface and build to whatever height is needed. Another easy foundation is the "grade beam" as used by Frank Lloyd Wright. If the site is sloped, instead of making one large cut, you might consider stepping the foundation in small cut-and-fill operations to save time and money (see diagram 2). Foundation insulation is optional, but if it is used, it must extend at least two feet below grade (ground level). Proper drainage is imponant 10 a lasting foundation. A foundation drain is standard. The site must be graded, so that water runs away from the house. If necessary, French drains can be located a few feet from the drip line in cases with Clltrcmc runoff problems. Photo by Adam Cohen Wood floors arc quite cozy and warm. Finished flooring can be laid on rough-cut joists and subflooring material. Planed tongue-and-groove finished floor is the most desirable, but an inexpensive and serviceable floor can be made by gluing and nailing well-dried boards 10 the sublloor. Should cracks appear between the boards, they can be pointed with grouL R..OORS There arc many types of flooring materials. If someone really wants 10 be "grounded," the easiest floor is din. Din and cement can be mixed for a durable floor. A plain concrete slab can be used or stone, brick, or tile may be laid on. Smooth creek rock makes a pleasing floor surface. If one spent one hour a day collecting small creek rocks, in two weeks one would have enough creek rock 10 do a large floor. If desired, the perimeter of such a floor can be insulated. Soapstone is the best flooring material for solar storage and radiance, in my opinion, and is readily available in Katuah. KATUAH - page 6 WAU..S Sundard "balloon" framing is simple, lightweight, and easy to cover. Use rough-cut or recycled framing rru1tcrials for the best price. My favorite wood technique for building wood-supponed walls is 10 use large, upright members and fill in with stucco, bricks, glass, bottles, stone, glazed block, bone, or anything else you can set in monar. Windows arc framed in with rough-cut wood when using this method. Masonry walls arc relatively inexpensive, if stone can be gathered for free. To speed up construction, a back-form can be used to give a wall that has one side stone and one side stucco (see diagram 3). To construct frce-fonn structures, use rcbar and plaster lath 10 create free-shaped forms on which to lay cement I believe this offers some of the freest expression available in architecture. It is important when designing walls to think about windows. l cannot stress enough how imponant it is 10 have as much glazing as possible on the south side of a home. The sun is vital, and the more of itS radiance we can bring into our houses, the healthier we and they arc. The north side of the building is the darker side and takes the STO!llE.--.... M~AP, fcD~ fL'('tl<X(? Z"4' ~- UP fO~M WINTER 1987-88 �The walls,floor, and roof merely hold the nothingness that is the living space. The actual envelope which contains these spaces can be any shape or form. brunt of the cold winter winds, so nonh-facing windows should be small and well scaled. East and west walls also should have windows, and these should be able to open to welcome in the cooling summer breezes from wherever they may blow. Window quilts are easy to make. They conserve wannth in the winter, if they are put up when the sun sets to keep the day's wanntb in and the night's cold out. It is also important to know that wiring, plumbing, and heating features may be put in the walls. These must be considered when naming. It is too late afterwards. 1HEROOF "Putting a roof over our heads" is not just a figure of speech. The house roof not only keeps rain off, but it can let light in, hold solar equipment, and shape the interior space. ln designing the roof, consider: Docs the house want skylights? How will water flow off the roof? Where should extra bracing be put for solar panels? What shape and how high should the ceiling be? There nrc many possible combinations of answers. I strongly believe roofs should not be flat in Katuah. Even a sod roof should have a slope for drainage. Flat roofs eventually leak. Wood frame roofs can be built on a flat or a curved plane. It is possible to frame a curved shape out of suaight lumber. Galvanized steel or shingles arc the most common roofing materials. Both are readily available and relatively inexpensive. I have buih some roofs with rcbar and lath using insulating cement covered with either concrete or a strong cement scaler. For a good discussion of roof shapes. I suggest reading The Owner-Built Home by Ken Kern and A Timeless Way of Bu1ldjng by Christopher Alexander (sec resource list, page 15). Windows may be obtained from old houses, a window factory may sell seconds, or a neighbor might have a few old windows stacked up in the back of the garage. Material hunting takes time, but it does not cost a lot, it is fun, and it results in a more individualized slructurc. Heating with water in a wood-fired boiler is the most healthy and practical system to warm a house during Katiiah's cold winters. Catalytic converters arc a cheap way to help the environ men" and I advocate their use on all woodbuming stoves. INSIDE OUT SANITATION I recommend the use of the passive solar composting toilet (sec p. 15) in combination with a grey water irrigation system to process human wastes. I strongly believe that the passive solar composler is the most efficient way to take care of human waste, cspccially in Katiiah, where the land is generally mountainous, and septic fields do not function well. The time is coming when many families in Katuah will handle human wastes in a methane digester. It might take the impetus of economic collapse to make it common, but the digester can compost waste and produce fuel as well. Septic fields and waste treatment centers are barbaric technologies and should be phased out in favor of cleaner, better integrated systems. The indoor/outdoor connection is imponant. I suggest the use of decks, covered areas, walkways, porches, living trellises, and other connecting spaces to draw inhabitants out into the fresh air and sunshine. An outdoor kitchen, sleeping areas, and living areas can be used most of the year. The more exposure to air and weather a person has, the more vibrant and healthy that person's life will be. All these aspects should be taken inlo consideration in the design and conslJ'\Jction process. What I have listed here is an outline of ideas and techniques. tf the reader is interested in further details and correspondence on any of these or other building ideas, please write me: Adam Cohen; RL I, Box 217; Oteck. VA 24072 HEATING How we get our heat is important to our health. Wood or coal stoves arc drying, dangerous, diny, and generally unhealthy. MATERIALS An important aspect of economical building is materials. The way to build 11 house for $3.00 per square foot is to choose a design that utilizes simple materials. Check what is locally available for free or for cheap. For example, in nonhc:m K:nuah the population is one-third of what it was in the 1930's. There remains a lot of empt}' structures which contain materials that can be recycled. Stone piles, brick, and glass can also be found for free or for minimal expense Local lumber mills have rough-cut lumber and seconds at low prices. Local building material factories may have inexpensive seconds as well. Auctions provide another source for che11p materials. WINTER 1987-88 Photo t:sy Adam COhen KATUAll ·page 7 �and interpersonal relationships develop. By reviewing a few design patterns one quickly understands how shelter shapes our daily life both practically and spiritually. Consider the one room poplar log cabin built on a stone foundation. When approaching this cabin one immediately feels a cenain rustic blend of the canh with the stone and log much as the mountain landscape itself. Take this log cabin and set it into the side of a mountain so that the earth covers the back wall, wraps the comers of the building, and gradually slopes to floor level on the sides. The front of the building is poplar logs on o stone foundatioon. From the top of the hill one looks down and secs the cedar shingle roof of the house and eanh. Walking around the front and sides of the building one feels a sense of wannth. The cabin appears to nestle into the mountainside. Windows on the front and side walls let daylight and moonlight into the cabin. We walk up the front steps 10 an open porch. It is winter. PostS and beams cover the deck, but the roof panels have been removed. The front wall faces due south, so that winter sun passes into the cabin. The prevailing nonhwest winter winds are blocked by a shelterbeh of white pines that were left when the forest was selectively thinned before the cabin was built. poplar I"~ walls moder.Ile lhc comfon in the cabin as "ell. Sp1mual nrchitccturc creates intu11ive space; ~pace \lthere interaction between structural and human clements takes place. Where the wall provokes new ideas, oot beC3use the wall speaks to us, but because the wall speaks with everything in the environment The ~r in the space is infused whh hght, heat, :ind moisture as byprodu1."1S of the physical surroundings. intensity of color, temperature, and humidity all in1CI11C1 to create a unique ambience of space. I breathe this ambience and it enters my bloodstream through my lungs. I view this body as my cabin. A certain quality lives in this cabin and the quality is a result of everything in it and around it A cool shadow wakes me.The late afternoon sun line angles off of my body, as I sit up on the slate floor. I get up and go wash my face in the kitchen sink in the southwest comer of the room. I am splashing sunlight onto my face, sunlight absorbed into tanks of water located off the southeast comer of the front porch. Water enters the tanks from a reservoir located about 100 vertical feet above the cabin. Gravity pressure gives the cabin plumbing a sLrong flow of water. An indoor shower is heated with solar energy when available, and a large outdoor tub is heated by a wood tire directly underneath. The overflow from the reservoir empties into a small creek that maintains a steady flow of water twelve months a year. Toward the bottom of the valley a rom pump pushes water back up to a second reservoir near cabin elevation. This second reservoir provides water for irrigation of a fruit orchard, a terraced vegetable garden, larger crop fields, 11 solar greenhouse, and assoned animals and poultry. Entering the cabin, one feels a warmth shining from the sunlight scattering across the slate floor and glowing from the coals of a masonry heater built into a central chimney that passes up through a cathedral ceiling. The stonework on the chimney is primitive and beautiful, and as l walk over to lean against it, l feel heat radiating from the stone. I tum and rest my back against the stone and press my palms against the warmth. The slate floor attracts me and my hand reaches for the sun-drenched gray. lt, too, is warm to the touch. Walkin2 across the cabin, I find the nonh wall refreshingly cool, as though the earth on the other side is touching me. I circle the fireplace a few times and strangely miss the feeling of comers in the cabin. An indoor-outdoor thermometer hangs on the wall - indoor temperature, 72 degrees; outdoor temperature, 15 degrees. The sun is high on this winter noon. Shelter can become more th:in just a place to stay warm or dry It also can be :in experience of emotion stimulated by our sensory responses. When we speak of "appropriate" housing or "appropriate" technology. the word "appropriate" has many levels of meaning. I may feel lazy, like taking a nap in this solar heat. That's appropriate for me. On a cold, winter day, I set a one hour morning fire in the masonry heater 10 heat up the chimney. That's it. Let the contoul'l> of the land. the movement of the sun and canh, and the shell of this mountain home follow their natural course. That is appropriate, 100. In my afternoon slumber on the wann slate floor, I think of summer. The sun will not touch the slate floor then. The roof panels will be in place so the south porch will be in shade. The dense floor will remain cool just as the nonh wall docs. Off the southeast and southwest comers of the cabin the hickory trees are in full leaf and they block out the hot morning and afternoon sun Windows on the cast. west, and south walls allow breezes 10 blow through the cabin. Ilidden an the ceiling framing is insulauon, the guardian of comfon. Heat from the sun passes slowly through the exposed roof and is vented through openings around the chimney. The Waste products arc disposed of in specific ways. Human waste is taken care of in an aesthetic, two stall outhouse. Grey water from dish, clothes, and people washing is drained from the cabin into a gravel-filled dry welJ just below the house. Burnable trash is used in wood burning, or incinerated. Plastic~ glass, aluminum, and other recyclables arc collected and delivered to tbe local recycling center. All of the energy systems reviewed in this cabin so far required no electricity for operation. Electricity is a precious energy form and should only be used where there is no other practical substitute. Refrigerarion and cooking are the major electricity consuming appliances, so in this house there is an energy-efficient LP gas refrigerator and a gas stove. Beller to use gns on site and utilize approximately 80 percent' of its available heat thnn electricity, which, by the time it gcrs 10 your house. only provides about 30 percent of its available heat. The solar clothes dryer is a fifty foot rope suspended between two poles. So the only major appliance needing electricity is the washing machine. Other than the washing machine, the house if outfiued 10 provide electricity for lights, stereo, computer, blender, and other small miscellaneous ncms. The creek docs not have enough flow of water to generate adequate electricity for a small hydroelectric system. and wind pauems are too irregular around the house site for a "'ind generator. The final choice for electricity generation is a photovoltaic system that generates electricity. The solar electric panels are mounted on the south facing roof pitch of the cabin and feed into deep cycle batteries, where electricity •~ stored and sent 10 the appliances ns direct current. So we have a simple plan for a mountain homestead. The basic energy needs have been met with appropriate technology, but the technology is incomplete without the human behavior to complement it. We live in an age of plastic and steel. Many of our daily needs are dependent on oil drilled on the other side of the world and automobiles built and assembled on two or more continents. One way to control the use of energy on the planet is to seek out ways to A MOUNTAIN HOME Wnucn lltld 11lustnlltd by Greg Olson Shelter is our tilter from the clements of wind, water. and sun. It lS also a ~work that shapes our environment The home is an enclosure of space where sensory experience conunual on 1'"£C 211 KATUAH - page 8 WINTER 1987-88 �A LOOK AT SOME HOMEMADE HOUSES IN KATUAH ... Madison County, NC Pho10 by Paul Galllmore Floyd County, VA A$he County, NC Watauga County, NC WINTER 1987-88 Photo by Rob Messick Photo by Rob Messick Floyd Coun1y, VA Joci<son County, NC Photo by Adam Cohen Photo by Adam Cohen Photo by Rob Messick KATUAH ·page~ �by Marnie Muller In considering your bomeplace, it is important to understand the earth energies of the place you arc choosing. Cultivating this sense of listening lO the primal energies of a place h;u been practiced by many culture~ over thousands of years. Aboriginal peoples still pay anenuon to these forces. There arc people in China who still consult with their culnue's t:raditionalftng-shui masters. Here in these mountains ofKatiiah, some oldrlmers and "newtimers" listen lo earth energies by means of dowsing n0t just for water but also for the more subtle earth energies. Presently, there is a call for a "new" geomancy in order to design human systems in alignment with earth systems. The ancient I Ching ( The Chinese Book of Changes) speaks of The Great Ham:>0ny. By perceiving the wider rhythms and energy nows of the living earth system in which we participate, we can team to harmonize our individual energy with the wider 'symphony' of place. In particular, in the specific place where we choose t.o live, we can find out about itS special energies-wind, water, light as well as the more subtle realms--and become pan of the process rather than a blockage to it "The id. a or movement of energies in e the earth, of the chl or the earth, and of the possibility of harmonizing with such energies is very old. Associated ideas of blood, water, breath, chi, spirit, circulation, machine, and organism figure here. A 4th century tcXt speaks of the earth, 'flowing and communicating within itS body as if io sinews and veins' (Needham, Scitnct and Civilization in China]. A 14th century text, of interest for current thinking about "universal planetary grid" or "earth acupuncture", refers to a "mysterious network" thus: (it) spreads OUJ and joins iogtther evtry pan ofthe roors of dll! tarth. ..Thousands and ttn thousands of horiU>fllal and VtrticaJ lltins liJce warp and wtft weavt lbgtther in muJual tmbraet ...Taking all (including land and sta) as earth, the stcrtt and mystery is thot the roots communicare with tach other " (Steven Post. Ralst the Stakes) Perceiving the Earth as a living, functioning being, our species can begin to redevelop a symbiotic rel.arionship with the specific eanhplace where we dwell Reacquainting ourselves with the ancient slcills of listening to the vibrant, subtle earth energies is a significant step in lhis process. Then as we live our lives, each aspect from homebuilding to right livelihood to ceremony... will more deeply reflect the undercurrent Life patterns. ; ,,# "In China, the dragon is a symbol of the electrically charged, dynamic, arousing force that manifests itself in the thunderstorm. In winter this energy withdraws into the earth. In early summer it becomes actjve again appearing in the sky as thunder and lightning." From I Ching, Tht Chintse Book of Changes Description of terms: Earth Htru: Energy emanatlng from Ille e:inh, dcieclible by b1otogical means (cg. dowsing) and physical means (with sensitive detection ins1111mcnis (cg. geiger countcrS)) though not normally obvious to the casual observer unless in an especially sensitive state. F1ng Shu/: A Chinese system which recognizes energy Oows and forms in the landscape. It 1J1Cludes mclhods of modjfying these forms 10 amclionue the "eneray climate" of a site. Ljterally. means 'wind/Wald. Grom1ncy: 1lie science of putting human habitalS and activities into harmony with the visible and invisible world around us. "Themes and concepts from architecture, gcomcuy, geography, cosmology, art, archaeology. mctrology, numerology, astronomy, astrology. surveying, religion, and mythology. all complex subjccis in !heir own right, t<1J1 be seen to have a common root in cenaio ancient pnictices which related them to a special place, lime, cosmic position and purposc •. .EV1dcnce from a great number of sources indicat.es that thclC is certainly aomcthing linking all these enigmatic fac.ts and universal practices, an age·old and venerable science which may be called geom1111Cy." ~!ck) Dowsiac: A means of delecting seemingly imperceptible obJCClS or subtle encrcies by the feeJjng of a rod Olf pendulum held m the hand. Traditional wattt divining using a farted haul rod is a form of dowsing which has provided evidence of sublle energies present at sacred sites. Gala: To the ancient Oreets, Oa.ia was lhe Eal\h Goddess. In more recent times the name has been utilised by James Lovelock to describe the entire bimyslem or our pbnet - all !ho pbnis ..... imab and fungi. plus the atmosphere. the oceans and the soil. The Gaia hypothesis suggests that the Eanh's biosySlem as ~-regulating; that. for example, 11 is able to conllOI ilS aunosphcric tcmperawre as well as the composiuon or the air, sea and soil so es to maintain the optimum conditions for the survival of life on the planet. Chi: 'brealh of nature' : basic energy ~ Sacnd Sites: Special eanh pbcea ""h1ch have the '-- ~ '- quality of bnnging an individual tO •more auuncd state with Nature. Often associated wilh having an abundance of "minus" (or negative) ions in the elccuanagnctic field. Eartb Acupuncture: A way of regarding earth energies whereby the living Earth is seen es an equivnlent of the human body m acupuncture terms, with the flows of energy along the meridians and with special energy centers or "ac:upuncture points". (Most of tltac tuwu Jul•c M•1t d~fuud ilt £.,11t; MJSUrlu: Alt l!J1plorator1 l11tro4Mttl.,. l1y BriDn lorkmms illtd Plul'P lfLUluHt.. P"'14'Md by IM Nortlt Eortlt/.fµ:.eriaCl'Ollp.) Suggested Reading: The Earth Spirit: Its Ways, Shrines and Mysteries. John Michell, Crossrond Publishing Co., NY, NY. 197S. The Ancient Scltnce or Geomancy. Nigel Pennick, Thames llld Hudson. Ud., London. 1979. Earth Wisdom. Dolores LaChapclle, Finn Hill Arts, P.O. Box S42, Silverton, CO 81433. 1978. Shu/: The Sci,nce or Sacred Landcape In Old China. Ernest J. Eitel with oommenwy by John Michell. Syoergctic Press, 24 Old GIOOCCSICr Sttt.ei. London WC I Engl:ind.1984. Feng "Geomancy: A Tawny Grammar", Steven Post in Raise tlr.e Stakes, Sprint. 1984 . Plllnet Drum FoundalJOll, P.O. Box 3t2SI, Snn Francisco, CA 94131. Gain: A New Look at Life on Earth. J.E. Lovelock, Oxford University Press, Oxford. 1979. Tbe LMn1 Earth Manual of F•n1 Sh11I. Su:phc:n Skinner OUt or print. Nttdtcs or Stone. Tom Graves, Granado Publishing Ltd., NY, NY.1978. Tbe Divining !land: Tbe 500 Year Old Mystery or Oowslnc. Cllristophcr Bird, New Age Press. P.O. Box 1216. Blaet Mountain, NC 28711. 1979, 1985. The Ley Hunttrs Manual: A Guide to Early Tracks. Alfred Watkins, Turnstone Press, Ltd., Wellingborough, Nonh Hampton~ire. 1927, / 1983 / ~---- " • 14 ~~----~;;.uonbyM~M~l~-~ KATUAH - page JO ) I ~,~, \\\ WlNTER 1987-88 �Earth-Sheltered Living by Scott Bird From prehistoric Limes to present, human beings have lived sheltered by/within the Earth... in caves, within rock wwls and cliffs. and in earth-covered lodges and houses. In some pans of the world, members of tribes have gathered toge1her to build their homes in common, underground. Ciries housing thousands have been builL Stone age cave dwellers who used nruural cave forma1ions for shelter, pro1ec1ion, and temperature moderation, benefiued from 1he even tempero1ures of living within the Eruth. For example, the year round 1empera1ure in the Mammoth Cave in Kemucky is 54 degrees F. In many pans of 1he world today earth-sheltered homes are a common way to build and live, especially in China where over 10,000,000 people live in earth-sheltered spaces in the provinces of Shensi, Shansu, Kansu and Henan. Their earth-sheltered population has numbered in 1he millions for generations, where schools, workplaces, temples and shrines have been part of the underground landscape since the 5th century BC, complete with gardens on the roofs. The mountain village of Matmara in Tunisia is home to between 5·6,000 people where most shehers are underground. An open counyard connects the individual homes. Pedestrian tunnels connect different families of the tribe to the main social group. Rooms are built with curved walls and ceilings. In the center of each courtyard is a cistern which is used to collect and store water with a system of water pus. In Cappadocia, a mountainous, barren region in Turkey with severely exLreme temperatures, villagers have lived continuously in 41 under~round cities since the 3rd century. Some cities are built on as many as 10 levels and house 30.000 people. On this continent, the Pueblo Indian ruins at Mesa Verde in southwestern Colorado were hollowed-out cliffs built around 300 AD with rooms up to 80 feet in diameter. Other native peoples of the southwest built earth-covered winter homes and kivas. Here within the Katuah province, the Cherokee lndinns constructed earth-covered winter homes and lodges (see "Good Medicine," page 18 of this issue). Pioneer dugouls were built in the Great Plains in the late 19th century as white people pushed wesrward. Building materials were scarce, so grass and s:>il becl:me the simple materials with which the pioneer families made their homes. Though most of the structures were free-standing sod houses, which were vulnerable and shon-lived, some families actually excavated dugout shelters in the earth. Today within the area of the United States. it is estimated that there a.re between 4-5,000 earth-covered homes and an undetermined number of earth-benned or eanh-sheltered homes, that far outnumber those totally eanh·covered. Once again, it seems that eanh-covered and earth-sheltered houses are being accepted by the mainstream population. Eanh-sheltered homes today qualify for immediate financing and immediate insurance, and they have gain~ a high level of consumer acceptance. Earyh shelters ai:e ~mg built by many .ltl"OUPS of people: the punsts, the surv1vaJ1sts, the environmentalists, and ordinary citizens, who might live, for example, on the Great Plains, which are subject to tornadoes and proirie fl.res. And th~n there. are !hose who simply want to tower their home heanng/cooling bills. Earth·benning or eanh·sheltering means simply bringing the earth as high as possible around a structure on the nonh east, and west sides, leaving the south completely open to 'accept the w~th of the sun. i:tie Tf'Of is of conventional construeuon, though heavily insWa1ed. Earth-covued homes, however, entail significantly more expense to provide for extra load-bearing capaciry for the roof, complete waterproofing, and the expense of eanh-moving. People who choose to live sheltered by/within the Earth, do so for many iusons. In a house protec~ed by Earth, both winter winds and summer heat have less impact on the interior. The house takes advantage of the more even, moderate temperature changes of the Earth. Earth-sheltered buildings require less heating fuel and, therefore, relieve pressure on our over-extended biosphere and pocketbook. If planned carcfutJy, eanh·sheltered homes provide all the light and ventilation of an above-ground home. Eanh·protected homes are quieter, require less upkeep. are safer from natural and human-made disasters. They arc also less of an imposition on the life around them. EARTH SHELTER UNDER CONSTRUCTION NEAR BLOWING ROCK, NC. Dalaaed and built bJ Scott Bird. - continued on next page photos by Rob Musick WINTER 1987·88 KATIJAH - page 1 l �...................·.....·.................... ········· .... . ·continued from page 11 As you begin on the canh shelter path, the best place to start is your library. Begin reading about earth-sheltering, subscribe to a journal or two. Talk to others who have buil1 earth-sheltered homes in your area. Look for the pros and cons of each design. When you finally choose a home site, spend as much time there as possible. Get 10 know 1hc sun's path there, 1hc drainage patterns, c1c. Also spend time observing what wildlife lives there in order to determine how you will share the habitlt. Observe the wind pauems for your locale. Also begin an inventory of your land. Arc there natural wind fences on your land that will help to protect your homesite? What is your soil composition? The soil rypc will significantly effect the buildi~ process. What water is in the immediate area? Engaging a local dowser may prevent a lot of trouble and heanache down the road. Besides locating a drinking water source, a dowser can also detect shallow water veins as well as other complications that may be present to your possible homcsite. Resource List for Earth Shelter Construction and Design: Tiie llandbook of Earth Sl1elter Design. Make Edelhart. A Dolphin Book, Doubleday & Company, Inc., Garden City, NY 1982. This book is highly recommetUledfor purring you in touch with the Earth Shelter movement. Very clear and inclusive, lists earth shelter organizations, earrh shelter periodicals, articles on earth sheltering. books, films, as well as earth shelter designers, solar infonnarion by state, etc. Ear th Shelttred Housing Design : Guidelin es, Examples, and References. Underground Space Center, University of Minnesota. Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.• Inc., During the energy cns1s of the I970's, people were drawn cowards 1he lower fuel costs of solar, superinsulated and earth-shehered homes. As the fossil fuel economy rebounded, in1erest in earth·sheltering slackened as was evidenced in a major earth shelter journal falling from over 18,000 subscribers to a present 2.000 subscriber b:ise. People once again misiakenly believed thal the fossil fuel supply was endless. Now as our economy faces 1hc possibilily of a major collapse, reliable, energy-efficienl earth-sheltered housing will once again offer an attractive op1ion. At the turn of chis century, Baldasarc Fores1iere spenl 38 years constructing/sculp1ing 65 rooms, courtyards, grouos. 11nd gardens beneath 7 acres 10 Fn;sno, California. The work was complete with atnums and rooms designed to catch 1hc sun. The rooms contained many forms of plant life including one tree 20 feel underground that was grafted with 7 differen1 kinds of citrus fruil. As Baldasare Foresticre's cffons within the Eanh were aesthetic as well as func1ional, we 100 can develop 1hc sensitivity to create a form of Eanh sculpture with our earth-sheltered home designs. h is also time in our hist0ry for us to re-establish a spiritual communion with the planet, and living in an earth-sheltered home is literally "close to the Earth." As a professional homebuilder, the best advice I can give prospective owners of earth shelter homes is to stay closely involved throughout the entire home construction project. Paradoxical as it may seem, special sensitivity is most needed during the initial excavation of the home site. This can make the difference between a site that looks as if it has been cleared for a shopping mall and a homcsite that has been carefully carved out of the Earth with respect and care. You, the owner/dweller, will be the one to know how the Earth looks and feels after the whole building process is completed. The solar warmth pcnncating a structure sitting in the protective lap of Mother Earth can make each day a joy whe~~ one chooses to live with/within the Earth. P" Scott Bird is a professio11al residential designer atUI builder of conven1ional atUI earth-sheltered homes in the Katiial1 region. He works with Appalachian Building & Design. I Earth -Sheltered H abitat: llistory, Architecture and Urban Design . Gideon S. Golany. Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., Inc., 1983. Notes and bibliography in back of boolc are rich in research. The $50 and Up Underground House Book. Mike Ohler. Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., Inc., 1981. Ear th Shelte red Homes: Plans and Designs. Underground Space Center, University of Minnesota. Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., Inc., 1981. Construction information, plans and energy data for 23 successful earth-sheltered I~ A real bible/or ti~ Eanh Shelter fTl()vement, will help quiet fears and insecurities concerning earth shelter planning, design, building and living. Untluground S poc• Dept. of Civil & Mineral Engineering, University of Minncsoia, Minneapolis, MN 55455 Bi-fTl()nthly journal of the American Underground-Space Assoc. Natural Solar A rchitecture: A Passive Primtr. David Wnght. Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., Inc.. 1978. Wonderful. sensitive design with Earth, sun. and environmenl working rogerher Underline Underground Space Center, 790 CME, 500 Pillsbury Dr. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 Qiurerly Underground House Book. Stu Campbell. Garden Way Publishing Co., Charlotte, VT, 1980. The favorite of many. E n ergy Inform 3528 Dodge, Omaha, NE 68131 Complete bibliography of earth-sheltered writings. $5.00 1978. KATUAH - page 12 WIN'ffiR 1987-88 �..............·•• ••••·• .·~11 •• ••••••••••••••••.• •·•·• .......... •·•·•••••• •••••••••·••·• •·•·••• ..... ........................................... •·•·• ........ •·•·••••·•·•·•••·• •·••• •••••••••••••• -••• • ..::·· Through the whole spectrum of living systems, from planet Eanh to a living cell, the natural world is abundnnt in rounded fonns. Within this synergetic order the organizing principle of a covering, or membrane, that meets 11self around a nucleus is the basis of any regenerative structure. Found in anim31 bodies and the homes they build, as well as in the shnpe of plants, their seeds and the housing for their seed$, is this dynamic pnuern of a membrane with inward and outward curves being strong, insulative, protcctive, and interactive with environments. With this example human beings can build sheller that is in tune with these patterns and can rejoice in this resonance. Ovoid, spiral, polyhedral, and branching designs are a practical and pleasing alternative to many of the dull rectangular schemes we now employ. These ovolo lend themselves 10 many styles and uses as a way of dwelling wirhin surroundings. . '. ·: :: .. .• ·: .. .· (conUll!JCld on s-sc 18) .. :· .. ·. . ' ' '~ .. .: ' ':... © Drawings and Text by Rob Messick~ •/ wn-(rnR.. i'9s7:sil .... ········· ···· ·.. ··· ··· ··· ...... ,... ,. · ···· ····· ... ···.··· .. ······ ·......... ·· ····.... ··· ····· ··· ·.... ·.......··· ·· ··· ··· ···KA.ru.;.:1:i :·p~.&~ 13 �BRUSH SHELTER by Snow Bear As I.he autumn chill deepened into the sharp cold of winter, it was important for native peoples to have a place to keep wann when they were out hunting, away from their villages. By watching how squirrels kept themselves andtheir young warm and dry, native peoples learned the lesson of how to build a stick and leaf nest It was a good way to keep warm and dry without a fire. Here is a description of how to make a temporary, primitive brush hut similar to those of the native peoples here. The brush hut provides warmth and shelter from rain and snow, requiring no cordage or canvas in its construction. I have spent a comfonable 15 degree night in such a hut with no sleeping bag. When well made, it will shed heavy rain; snow laying upon it becomes additional insulation. It takes about I 1/2 -2 hours for a single person to make a shelter. Unden;iand, however, it is not a home or a workplace when made 10 cap1u~ body heat. An additional lean-co srrucrurc can fill the need for workspace; it can be made using the same method. The idea is simple: to construct a low shelter framework with dead and down branches and cover it thickly with leaf liner from the forest noor. Essential to the Structure is a strong ridge pole, at least nine feet long, placed wilhin the fork of a living tree, three feet off the ground. In the absence of a forked tree the proper height, I have used a strong, three foot forked branch leaned against a tree trunk and secured wuh long stakes pounded into I.he ground with a rock. Staning at the end of the ridge pole that lies upon the ground, stack branches up against the ridge pole. As you place branches, alternate from side to side of the ridge pole; the tops of the branches will interlock to keep the branches from sliding off the ridge and serving to anchor the leaves at the ridge. Remember to make the shelter at least twice as SfAKE 'flALL wide as your body: this will make a low, wide framework that will keep its leaves in heavy wind. Less heat will escape if your door opening is narrow and low. You can make a low door after leaves have been put inside by using two forked sticks to support a stout branch for a door lintel (see dingrJm). KATUAll ·page 14 Begin covering by using dry leaves. Always put leaves on the top of the side you are working on; they will settle in to the pince they are most needed. O>ver in dry leaves so thnt when you push your hand in to touch the stick framework, the leaves come up past your elbow. This is essential for n brush hut that will shed rain. Then, if available, use leaves (from beneath the dry, crackJy leaves of the forest floor) that are maned and compressed. These can be lifted off the ground like shingles. Start at the bonom and lay them in rows, overlapping each row. If any funher anchoring is needed, you can use branches. laying them upright as you did to make the frame. To stay wann in winter weather, further insulation is needed. Fill the inside with dry leaves, then wriggle in and roll side to side until the leaves are compressed into a "mattress". Do this at least four times to get a mattreSs that will stay 8"-10" thick when you lay upon it. Then fill it once more with leaves (pack them in!) and crawl in. To funher retain heat, you can weave a door plug with thin green tree branches. After you crawl in, pull the door plug closed from inside and pile leaves against it You may need to leave a vent :11 thc top or the door plug. Spend many hours in practice before you rely upon your skill for your well-being. This is true of any primitive camping skill It would be good to make at least six shelters before testing your skill on a subfreezing winter's night. The consequences of a mistake in building your brush hut could be hypothermia and death. Building a brush hut is bu1 one of many vnluable skills the old time Cherokee practiced; they were a people who could stay warm, dry, well fed, clothed, nnd comfonable with nothing but a knife as their basic tool. May we keep these skills alive, that our people may live in,,.; # strength nnd well being. ,P' Wll\.'TFR 19R7-811 �Resources on Build ing & Design: Books: I.ow-Cost, EntrtY Cfllcltnt SMltu for tht Owner and JJulldtr, Edited by Eugene Ecch. RO<ble Press lnc , Emm3us, PA 1~9. 1976. Furoctmtnt: Bulldlnt with Ctmtnt, Sand. and \Virt .Hnh, Sunlcy Aben:romb1c. Sc hockcn Books. NY. 1977 Tht /Jousts of Mankind, Cohn Dul y. Thom:is and Hudson, NY, 1979 Arrosanti, An Urban Laboratory, Paolo Solen. Avant Books. 191!4. Natural Solar Auhltuturr: A Passil'r Primtr, 03vid Wright , Environmcnul Architect. Van :>;osunnd Reinhold Co.• 1978. Tht Tao Of Archllutuu, Amos th T1ao Chang Princc10n Univ Prc.~s. 1956. Tht Tfmlftu \Vay of Building A Patttrn longuagt Tht Oregon Expufment ChrislOphcr Alexander, Cl al. Oxford Unrver.ity Prc..<;,<;, NY. From Tht Ground Up, John N. Cole and ChNI~ Wing. L1Ulc, Brown and Co.. 1976. Tht Stcond Old llou1t Catalogue, compiled by Lawrence Grow. Universe Books. NY, NY, 1978. &mh Shtlttr, David Martindale. E.P. Duuon, NY. 1981. Passive Solar ArC'hlttcturt- Loglc a nd Btauty, David Wright and Dennis A.Andrejko. Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1982. An Agt of Barns. Enc Sloane Ballantine Books, NY. 1967. l.og Bultdtrs l/andbuok, Drew Lang~ncr. Rod31e Press, Emmau~. PA 18049 Shelttr, Shelter Publications. Mounuun Boot..s. P.O. Box 4811. Santo Barbara, CA 93103, 1973. Tht Vittait as Solar Ero loty, Procttdings of Tht Ntw Alrht1t11 Thrtshold Gtntrir Dtsign Conftrtnrt, E.Wlc.d by John Todd and 1':inc)· Jack Todd, The :'\cw Alchemy lns111u1c. 237 Hatchvillc Road. East Falmouth. MA 02536, 1980. llandmadt 1/ouscs, A Guidt to /ht Woodbutchu's 1t r1, An Bocricke and Barry Shapiro. Scnm~haw Press, San Franci"Co, CA. 1973 Tht Compltte LOI I/oust Boole, Do le M;inn and R1ch:ird Slmuhs. McGraw-Hall, 1979. Building tht lltwn I.of lloust, Charle~ McRoven Thoma~ Y. Crowell Publishers, NY. 1978. llandcrafted Doors and Windows, Amy ZolTarano Rowland. Rocblc, 1982. Mud, Spac1 and Spirit: 1/andmadt Adobe, Virginia Gray, Alan Macrae, & Wayne McCall Capra Press, Sllllta B:irb:lra. CA. 1976. A Goldtn Thrtad: 2500 Ytars of Solar Archittcturt and Tuhnoto11. Ken Buui and John Perlin. Cheshire Books, 19n. Fantastic A rchlttcture: Personal and Ecctntric Visions, Michael Scboyt and loost Elfers. Harry N. Adams, Inc. NY, 1980. Tht Owntr Built llomt; Tht Owner Built Homestead ; Th t OM •ntr Built Homtsttad Rtvisittd, Ken Kem. Scnbners, NY. How lo Malet Eltctrlcily from Wlnd,\Vattr and Sunshlnt, John A. Kucd:en. Tab Boob, Inc., Blue Ridge Summit, PA 17214, 1979 Rtin habltl ng CitltS a nd Towns : Dtslg nin1 for S us1ainability, John Todd w1lb George Tul.cl Planet Drum Foundation, P.O.Boit 3 I2S I, San Francisco. CA 94 131 Ptrmaculturt Ont. Bill Mollison and Da-.d Holmgren , 1978. Pumaculturt Two. Bill Molljson . 1979. Tagan Books, P.O. Boll 96, Sunlcy, Ta~mania. 7331 Austmlia. Dwtlting, by River, FrceslODC Publishing Co.. 1974. Pe r iodicals: Adbbt Ntv. s, P.O. Boll 702. Los Lunas. N\1 87031 Ntw Shtlttr Magaunt, 33 Ea~t Minor Street Emmaus, PA 1!!049 Altunatiw Sourcn of Energy. 107 S. Ccntml Ave .. Milaca, MN S6JS3 New England Builder. The Journal of Light Construction , P.O. Boll 278. Montpelier, VT 0.5(,02 FiM llomtbu1ldin1. Thc Tauton Press, Inc., 63 South M3in StrccL Newtown, CT 06470 Fine Wood Workin1. lllc Tauton Press. Inc .. 63 South Milin Street Newtown, CT 06470 Thi! Solar Collector (Soon to be The South/ace Journal of Energy and Building Technology). Published by the Southfnce Energy Institute. P.O. Box S506, Atlanta, GA 30307 PASSIVE SOLAR COMPOSTING TOILET The typical live gallon flush IOilet consumes approitim3tcly half of a household's conswnpl.ion of water. This is about 12,000 gallons of waier / pu person I pu yea to carTY 165 gllllons or body waste co the place or disposal . What rcsulis is: • Large amounis of valuable and sc:arcc pure drinking Wlller is used • Ground water and surface water is polluicd • A useful, natural fertilizer is lost • Energy-inicnsive nnd costly waste ucatmcnt plnnis must be constructed • The disposal of sewage sludge cau~ further pollution problems We assume th:lt by nushmg and forgetting we have solved the problem, yet in l'C3lity we have only created several new ones. The watcrlcu composting toilet is 11n alternative to these problems. ll uses no water. thus chmmatlng massive consumption used with Oush L01lcts The <;i-lf.eonUlincd sy51Cm protects ground Md ~urface wai.ers from conLDmmat1on. and valuable nu111ents arc coo,·cncd into a s:in1tary nch humus lhal can be applied directly to the orch:ud. MUmCnl3ls. and the garden. With solar fC3llltCS, 11 needs no additional or outside source of enctgy to complete the decomposition, nnd there arc no mechanical or moving parts. Because of thi~. 11 needs very hule ml\inlCD311CC nnd l'CqWICS no additional Cllpcn5CS after the original mst11llauon .. Watct conservation equals energy conscrvalJOn m that no energy is nocdcd to pump. store, or purify waste. Compo5ting toilets arc a part of an appropriate technology m that they renect a low-cost soluuon to local problems. They are simple co build and mam1:11n: nnd can be constructed from locally available materials. WINTER 1987-88 Scx,.b.\>I :5 .·. · C.IW11'E:Y ·: " .: lllc toilet conslSls of a c:oocreie block vauh with a sloping "air s11u-case• system (sec diagram). The org:lllic was1A:S move down the St:lll'CISC at a rate that will insure aerobic dccomposlllon by the time they reach the final storage chamber. Aerobic decomposition means th:lt the ocg:inic materials a.re breaking down in the presence or oxygen. The compost pile is aerated in three ways: Fir;t, the incoming air stream 1s prchC3lcd by the flat plate sol.3r hot air collcc10r (eliminating the noed for an adcbtio1131 power $0UtCC). and brought undeme:llh the "steps" of the air ~talrcasc so th31 the au can Cll'Culate from the bouom and on up through the center or the pile. Second. the air is conducted through the slotted and perforated four inch PVC pipe ducts that run through the center of the pile. Third, air nows over and across the pile, ovnpor:ating citccss moisture and pulling olT the carbon d1oudc. The solar chimney drives off the air c1rculat1on system for the compostct by allowing the sun to heat the air in the black vent si.ack. thus causing a n3tural draft . The warm air rises by natural convection and in tum pulls more air through the colleci.or and through the compost pilc... the cycle goes on. Also. u's 1 mponant to lldd af1tt C3Ch U5C a scoop or "dry Oush" materi31 nch in carbon, ~ch as &Tl.~' cilppmgs. sawdu~1. leaves. peat. and 111ood ch1J>l' You're building a working compost pile here so you need enough fibrous mlllCriJIJ to miit with the wastes to keep the pile loose so n1r cnn circulate through. All odors arc released through the solar chimney which ensures the bathroom is free from odors at all tim~. The humw; which is remo"cd 1s ooly live to ten percent of the original volume as 9Q.9S percent will be transformed 11110 carbon dioxide and water ,.apor and rcle:iscd through the 'cnt. It will l3kc 3J'Pr0llma1Cly two ycatli for the f~t decomposition pcnod, then with the continuous proce.~s. three to icn gal Ions or humus will be produc.xl per pcrsonfpcr year. generou~ Dct:uled blueprints an: available for SIS.OOfrom Long Branch Environmental l:ducanon Center Route 2. Boit 132 Leicester, NC 28748 (704) 683 3662 KATUAH ·page 15 �Review of Rua Sims Quillen's October Dusk JULIEANNA Bi' Timber, Mon1:1113; Sc•cn BuIT:lloc:; Press; 1987. 26 p:igcs This collection of twenry-thrcc poems is as invumg a.s a cool front porch in summcnimc Md opens to the l"C3dcr a ~orld of Appalachian place, culture, and ritual. In Quillen's poems we arc rooted in a place of apple buucr IT\:lking and calf binhing; a place where people look to the seasons to tell them what work needs to be done. Herc arc hard laboring people who draw such conclusions as 'The potatoes from the garden/ lie scattered in the grass./ Tomorrow we will son them I and store them for winter." This dedication is an intimate and loving gesture which leads the reader to assume the couple in the poem, who sit on their front steps after a hard day's wcrk and whose "eyes meet in the fading light," arc lhc poet and her husband on their own fann. Such intimacy is typical of Quillen's poems and is neither offensively confessional nor self-indulgent, but rather comfonablc and interesting-a glimpse into a panicular Appalachian family's world. ln these p<>cms rich in Appalachian culture, we notice the effects of ume. Sometimes we sense the new imposing itself on the old, as in "Time To Go". Here an old woman sees a countryside overtaken by "multi-level houses"-symbols of the new "American dream". But she also observes young people taking over an "aged" farmhouse and "trying to live in another time": ... solemn young women in earth-colored clothing I chop wood and raise chickens." She realizes that people !Oday arc facing a "hard time," perhaps too hard, and she knows she has lived long enough. We often see old generations passing, as in "Julicanna", in which "Mamaw" sits by the window and recalls her past, not sadly, but acutely: "She can still smell I a hot kitchen full of men I after a hard day ...." She sits with her granddaughter, sometimes thinking she hears her late husband "Paw I saying 'Julie' I and she almost answers." Such moments in QuiJJen's poems are poignant, tender, but rarely, if ever, repetful. They are ultimately not regretful because Quillen sees renewal in the passing of time and people. The poem "Sunday School Lesson" (dedicated to the poet's son) investigates the notion of new generations replacing the old, as the mothet' ponders "how each of my children I resembles someone long dead .•.. /The boy is my father I reborn I with red hair." I find this poem comforting and a beautiful and quite appropriate conclusion'° the collection. My favcrite poems, however, are those that deal with Appalachian ritual, as in "Revival", a poem which depicts a child's perception of an old-time church revival, an event filled with ta1Jc of fire and brimstone and infused with the Holy Spirit ("Many moaned, cried I said Yes Lord"). The child is confused and " [runs] out of the shadow into the clean nl&ht air". The poem doesn't pass judgement on the revival, but certain! y captures the mystery of the ritual as seen through a child's eyes. A second of Quillen's poems set in the church, "Meeting House," offcis a touching glimpse of another country ritual: counship. In this poem we find z.ekc Bays riding his "spooked" mule into a church service. It's not the event itself, despite its quirkiness, that gives this .J>OC:m its reason for being. Instead, the hean of the poem lies in its theme: the discovery of love. While Zeke apologizes fcr his actions, he keeps his eyes on Anna Compton, a young woman in the congregation, and this gesture signals to everyone, including Anna. what Zeke feels for her. They all know that "Zc.ke [will) be the one I to teach her about loving, I sing little songs to her in the dark." These "little songs" arc the essence of romantic love and will be as sweet, no doubt, as that dark countty night when Zeke will sing them. What I ultimately find most appealing about QuiJJen's poems is her use of the concrete, her interweaving of crisp illlllges that l can visualize and metaphors I can savor. In her poems is a mngible world where one sees a "spring burst of white blossoms", and smells "A musry sweat smell" of a crowded country church, and hears "little chimney sweeps I (that! cry in the blackness". This is a living world, the poet's own, J suspect, that she has opened to her readers. We are invited in for a while, and here we can discover, ponder, and, I think, enjoy ourselves immensely. Mamawfin1Jlly swps 11Jlking She siis birdlike by the window on a green vinyl chair. Her toothless mourh opens, closes collapses right inlo the face. Her hands circle slowly around and around as she talks, every ~·ein dark bltl.t and swollen. I warch and wait can'r take my eyes off her. Siu: keeps glancing ar the clock on the mlllllel then back at me. Eyes dull like old window fXJlll!S stare oUJ the window 01 yestudays w/u:n she worked wirh Ju:r /'1llJll in steamy fields. She remembers her babies, rwo alive and grown, rwo dead at birth blood coming out their ears. She can stifl smell a hot ldtchenfull ofmen after a hard day, feel her own light, quick srep move sure through ti~ gardi!n. Someti~ she thinks she hears Paw saying "Julie' and she almost answers. We sit together while the old 1111J11Je/ clock ticks loud, louder. Ouiside the quaner moon, the least lighl ofall, hangs in the air resting lighlly then like that last spoken word. OCTOBER DUSK The evening dark falls all around me, iJs warm bl'eaJh casts a shadow on my face. Sitting 011 my front steps, I am a candle flame drawing moths and moS41'iu>es, holding the mo~nts in my cupped hands. He sils quietly /:Ty~. memories ofthe day's work swift moving cowr shared lilcefall leaves in the yard. The pol/JJQes from the garden lie scanued in the grass. Tomo"ow we will sort them and store thunfor winter. His hand rests on my neck as he slowly stands. He off the other dirty hand us to help me up. Our eyes meet in the fading lighl. We go inside, surrendtring to nighl, d1t: sm411 ofeanh still strong. - Julia Nunnally Duncan KATuAH ·page 16 -------------------.,WINT;-;-;::;:-=E=:R:--:1~9-:::87::-·:-:88 �October Dusk by Rita Sims Quillen MEETING HOUSE When Zeke Bays rode his mule in10 church the sweating preacher froze open-mol.UMd in the middle of a Bible vuse and the sranled men rtoched in rheir coaJS fo r tlu! guns they left at home. Aunt Becky Summey fainted 011 tlu! women's side, a crowd rushed around her as Zeke struggled wilh the mule, its flat hooves senin~ up a deafening echo on the rough plank floor. H What in tlu! \'.'Orldr S1Jmeone said. Zeke meanJ co answer bw the mule walked sideways and jarred a pewfull of deacon's wives. Anna Compron hid a s17Ule untkr a~ whit.e hat when ZekefiniUly managed to steer the mule toward the door. She watclied his hard, dark anns pull aJ the rope. noticed that full and STllOOth mouth, tlu! long eyelashes that made people say he was too pretty fora man. Pausing at the door, Zeke apologized/or himself and his wild, spooked anUnal. said lu!'dfu the door. Everyone tw7red to sr.are QI Anna becm.ue he looked QI her as he talked. She ~d red as her 111/)tWs tinnias. She knew; he did, too. Now everyone probably saw ii: Zeke would be the one to reach her aboUI loving, sing liltJe songs to her in the dart. COLLAGE TIME TOGO Tire old woman spits amber StilT$ in the dust standing on a long road leading nowhere except Elmwood Hills Subdivision where ""'1ti-level houses stand mtJSt/y empty save for the Nnuican dream <fwe.r bars, color1V, and pool tables. And on down the road a piece a lane mOlk l1y VW buses pressing down tlu! grass leads wan agedfarmhouse where rusty bu.eke.rs carch waur from the roof and solemn young women in earth-colored clothing chop wood and raise cAfcAzns: living, walking memories trying w live in another time while the old woman keeps si/en1 waJch She holds lu!r breath, st.anding and ware/ling between the IWO there in the stardusr rood, pocks her jaw with more tobacco. She's thin/clng what a hard time they will all have and congratu/ares herselffor living just long eno11gh. WINTER 1987·88 I hold the dl.m picture close to the light. The background ls faded: an old man's silhouette on a barnwall. black On 8rtl)'· a shaft of white sun slashing his face. He holds a bale of hay on his left shoulder, expruslon dirta dueEast- overlapping with the tiny grantlson in the foreground lying Ill the crib, seemingly soulless in that sl«p beyond remembrance known only to the M\'.born and rhe dead. Yet surely there nwsr /lave been ho~d puffs ofair passing through rhose he.an-shaped lips, the soft body rising with eoch breath.. The missing lin/c is the old man's son the baby'sfarher out ofthe picture somewhere where f Qlhers always are, leaving me to wonder about JUm, impatient wilh my owA curiosity. Ile is1ust another man, seed bearing seed. Why do I go begging for meaning in rhe accidenUJI double - expos11re? KATUAH - pa!!,e 17 �In the old days "shelter" meant just that: a place to sleep and to get out of the weather. A building or a structure was not a place where people spent their ·whole lives, as it is today. Jn a modem city, people go from one building - where they live, eat, and sleep - by car to another building where they work, and then go back again. They even exercise in a building! Only incidentally do they get out into the open air. These people live in a completely anificial environment. They regard the natural elements as inconveniences to be avoided. When I was a boy living with my grandfather and grandmother, we would take all the doors and windows off the house in April. By the end of May we had moved the wood cookstove outside under a liule shelter, and my grandmother would cook out there. We also slept outside. We did not have tents or sleeping bags, so we slept under a liule brush arbor we built to keep the dew off us. We slept there until thunderstorms or a wet spell of several days would make us go back inside for awhile. We lived oucside and did everything under the brush arbor and under the O'CCS until the last pan of October. Then, when the leaves fell, and it swted to get cool, we would put the windows and doors back onto the house, move the cookstove back inside, and Stan 11 up again. But even in the wintertime we would use the dogtrot, which was a wide, covered passageway between the two pans of the house, as a place 10 shell beans. whittle or carve, make baskets, or work on other projects. We would eat there in summer when the weather was rainy and we had company. Folks would always visit and socialize there. Out there it was alright 10 smoke or chew tobacco and spit. When my grandfather was a boy, his grandfather was living with his family. The old man was a strong influence on the boy, telling him many siorics about how the Indian people used to do things. That is why my grandfather always liked the idea of houses with cane mat walls, the way they were built before the white settlers came. He used to say that building a structure that lasted beyond one's lifetime was a burden on the Earth. Back before they were all cleared, the river bottoms were full of thick-growing river cane. The cane was an incredible material that was used for many purposes. One of the main use:. was to m:ike $iding for the houses in the villages along the river bouoms. The women wove the split cane into mats that '"'ere ~even feet tall and six to ten feet long. These were hung on a framework of poles stuck into the ground in a circular pauem. Other poles were lashed across for bracing and 10 suppon roof rafter;. The roof was made of bundles of broormcdge grass. which is waxy and oily and repch water. These were bound in place to make a thatched roof. In this way the people could build a dry structure 1n a very, very shon time. If the mats were still good in the fall, they might roll them up and use them again. In some of the larger, more permanent villages like Peachtree or Old Echorn, they would daub the cane mats with clay. In the smaller villages they would replace the mats every year and never daub them. One time when we walked across the field where Old Echota was formerly located, we found chunks of hard clay that bore the imprints of whole cane leaves and stalks that had been pan of the old houses. They also would build small towers in the fields among the com and squash plants. Kids would take rums standing watch in the small buildings 10 head off marauding animals and 10 throw stones at the crows. The old com-cribs were also built off the ground. They were made of thin poles and were well-daubed with mud. Every crack, even around the doorway, was tightly sealed to keep rats and mice out of the gnin. They put up com, beans, and dried pumpkin in pots and checked their stores frequently. The only permnnent structures were the town house, which was built on a mound at the center of the village, and the asi 's, or hothouses. An asi was a family storehouse, guest house, sweat lodge, and winter shelter. They were eanh-covered structures that were built on the surrounding hills above the fertile bouomlands. The asi was low and na1, usually constructed on a slight rise to help the water run off. They were made of wood, usually locust trees. Medicine people often made their asi's with seven sides. the sacred number, but families usually nude them square, 12 by 12 feet or JS by IS feet. according to the size of the family. The: basic log structure was covered with mats, then broomsedgc would be placed on top of that, and then soil would cover that. Some of the older asi's had grass growing on top of them, but the locust never roued, and very rarely would they ever leak. In the summenime the asi would be used for storage or to house guests if the family had clan \isitors. although the town house was also used for overnight lodging. The asi would also be used for sweat lodge ceremonies. A family would move its thi~gs out, and they would heat up a pile of big rocks in a large fire outside and carry them into the asi. A lot of people could crowd in 10 sit around the steaming rocks. The sweat lodge was one of the - continued on page 28 KATIJAH - page 18 WINTER 1987-88 �'The Grear Spirit did not give man the right to destroy this great life." (ucuptsfrom a ra/A: ta the bled btar conftrtnct by Kay Littfr)Ohn. a Chcr'1Ut Indian} My fotlu!r 011d grandfather and their grandfathers before were asked to speak on behalfof our animal relatives, which were rapidly disappearing in their times: the snail darter, the ivory-billed woodpecker, the passenger pigeon, ti~ CoroliNJ parrot, and 1.lte list goes on and on and on. Each one of my ancestors wlro spoke om against the destruction of our relatives. saw that tire native people of this country were placed here by the Great Spirit as caretakers. We see this great gift of mind 011d creativity as something we use 10 share witlt all those two-legged, four-legged, winged, water, and root creotiues. We see ourselves as something not set apart from our environment, but as a pan of the whole ..... There is hope in me tltat thest people who hove removed us as caretakers will see the responsibility that we all share. I om responsible/or pollwion, the disappearance of the animals and plants, for hate, and prejudice, as eoclt and every one ofyou are. Our people were swept aside with tire j11stijicotion of "manifest destinyH. This archaic expression was used in tlte post to ju.rtify cruel and unjust acts. This some plulosoplty exists today, when it comes to the nvo-legged, four-legged, roots, and insea creanues Let's not let "manifest destinyH be the ckstruction of al/ life. The Great Spirit did not give man the right to destroy this great life Great Spirit, my prayer is for Yonoh, 01u brother, ti~ black bear. Concern for the black bear (Ursus omericonus) in the Southern Appalachians drew over 200 people to the Owen Conference Center at the University of Nonh Carolina al Asheville on September 29 10 hear a schedule of speakers presenting different perspectives on the present and future condition of the black bear and its mountain habitat. The conference was sponsored by the Environmental Studies Program at UNCA, the Southern Appalachian Black Bear Federation, Long Branch Environmental Education Cenrer, and Klu.UBh. The presenting speakers agreed that the black bears had survived intense pressures, but that the species faced even more difficult times in the near future. caused primarily by the ever-expanding human population. Opinions differed widely as to the nature and the projected impact of these pressures, but the mood of the conference was one of guarded optimism that if people of different points or view could work together, the problems facing the black bear could possibly be averted. As Dr. Michael Pelton, professor in the Depanment of Wildlife, Fisheries, and forestry :11 thc Univer.;ity ofTenncssec said in his keynote address. "We are sitting on the last major long· term population of the WINTER 1987-1-iR THE FUTURE OF YONAH, THE BLACK BEAR black bear in the Southeast." He said that the indigenous black bear population had by its remarkable adaptability overcome the threats posed by the massive deforestation of the Appalachians by the timber industry in the early years of this century and the chestnut blight, which wiped out the American chestnut tree, the bears' most stable and abundant food source. "Diminishing habitat has without a doubt been the single most imponant factor that has impacted these animals," said Dr Pelton. "It is unlikely that any new habitat will be created," he said, and called for policies to proteet and maintain large blocks of forested lands in the Appalachians for the far-ranging black bear species. "More miles of open roads and forest management policies that decrease hard mast (acorn and nut) production will lower the carrying capacity of the forest for black bear," said the biologist. "Roads affect bears either through direct monality or by bears having to shift their habitat to more marginal areas, making them more vulnerable to monality. A road policy must be clearly defined and strictly enforced. That is very important to the long-term stability of the situation. "We also need a management strategy to perpetuate and stabilize hard mast production in the Appalachians. This means long tree harvest rotations to allow oalc trees long-term mast production when they reach maturity." Roben Zahner, professor of Forestry at Clemson University, underscored the need to encourage the different oak species in the mountains. "At this point," he said, "When we're talking about bear habitat, we're talking about acorns. "Oak trees are showing signs of decline in different areas, and there is some reason to believe that atmospheric pollution is an influence." Zahner also warned of the approach of the gypsy moth, whic.:h has the capacity to defoliate whole forests and is moving toward the Southern Appalachians. There is no way to predict what the elfcc.:h of the moth infes1ation will be on the black bear, but the larvae or the insect prefer green oak leaves, and it will have a strong negative effect on the mast-bearing trees, he said. In light of these pressures to come, Zahner advocated extending the roration age of trees; implementing a strong oak regeneration program; and keeping large blocks of forest land intact to cushion the effects of future pressures on black bear habitaL Lauren Hillm3n, wildlife biologist for the US Forest Service, said that "population management is a second critical factor for the future of the black bear." Citing population studies in the Pisgah-Nantahala National Forest, she said that "monality is at or approaching its maximum sustainable limit..... Population in the Pisgah-Nantahala National Forest is probably not declining, but the population appears to be characterized by a preponderance of animals in very young age classes." This affects the availability of breeding females necessary to keep the reproduction rates up to the level of occurring mortality. Shortening the bear hunting season or pushing it back later in the year tends to protect females, who go to den earlier than the males. A bright spot in the conference was a report by Kei1h Langdon, resource management specialist for the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, who spoke of promising results in the the breeding of blight-resistant American chesmut trees that one day might be able to reinhabit the species' former range. New genetic techniques developed by researchers affiliated with the American Chestnut Foundation have produced encouraging results in eitperiments in Minnesota, said Langdon. John Stokes, storyteller and musician, and the dancer Zuleika presented on Iroquois Indian story about the bear. In closing, Stokes said, "We have only one statistic to offer you. That is that we arc 100% sure that the sumval of the black bear is not a question of number-s, but a spiritual question." pfll' KATUAH- page 19 �NATURAL WORLD NEWS FIGHTING THE BIG BURN IN CALDWELL COUNTY by Barbara Kirby (from a talk before t~ WNC A//iQJICe) For nearly 1wo ye:irs the people of the Mt. Hennon Community near Hudson in Caldwell County, NC have been involved 1n an intense fight to get rid of a hazardous waste incinerator on nearby Lick Mountain. The history of the incinerator goes back 13 years to 1974 when the county decided it would purchase the equipment to burn hazardous wastes trom t.:aJClwell and surrounding counties. Caldwell is a m.'.ljor furniture producing area, with a lot of noxious wastes as by-products. In 1975 a fire in the incinerator plant forced its closure, and the county officials decided that they were not qualified to operate the facility. It was leased it to a man named Charles Foushee, who began Caldwell Systems, Inc. (CSI). Charles Foushee is the man who operated the Mitchell Systems incinerator and was unceremoniously thrown out of Mitchell County a year and a hnl r ago. In 19&3 the county commissioners agreed to renew the CSI lease for 25 years. There had been complaints of odors, smoke, and pollution, but they were low-key, and few people had been involved. In 1985 a man named L. C. Coonse began serious opposition to the waste incinerator. Following his lead, a group of people organized as Caldwell Concerned Citizens for a Clean Environment. Their first act as a group was to ask the county commissioners to form a study committee to investigate the incinerator and determine if any health hazards did in fact exist Since that time we have met with continuous obstruction. The study committee was started eventually, and they have done an excellent job with the aid of hired legal and environmental expcns. The study committee found several instances of unsafe operation of the incinerator planL As one example, the manufacturer of the incinerator reoommends that it bum no more than 1,882 pounds of hazardous waste per hour. But the operators go by the state regulations, which allow them to bum 4,018 pounds per hour. The incinerator bums 22 million pounds of waste per year. Halogenated hydrocarbons, a very serious health hazard, are burned at the plan1. On August 22, 1987 phosgene gas (also known as mustard gas) was released into the air. Several Mt. Hermon residents were stricken by the vapors. KATIJAH - page 20 Numerous employees have been sick, and one person is probably going to die from injuries sustained there. Caldwell Concerned Citizens has continuously pressed the county commissioners to do something. We have pressed the state. The state has been very reluctant to work with us. They have started studies and refused us access to the data generated. Our group has raised $5000.00 to do our own soil and water studies, all of which have shown contamination. The county commissioners have been under tremendous pressure from the state Natural Resources and Community Development (NRCD) and others to lceep the incinerator open, because since the closing of the Mitchell Systems plant, it is the only commmercial hazardous waste incinerator in the state. We have found that part of the problem in regulating a hazardous wa~te incinerator is that there are very few regulations. So tho incinerator operators can truthfully say, "We meet all regulations," but that does not mean that they are not hurting anythUig. In October, 1987 the srudy comminee finally recommended that the Caldwell Systems incinerator be closed. At a meecing on November 2, the county commissioners said that they would ask CSI to leave. The announcement was met with cheers from the more than 400 people in the audience. The commissioners continued by saying that they would allow CSI to sell its business and equipment to another company. They did not set a deadline for when CSI had to be ouL They did not tell us who would be the new buyer. They did not say anything about cleaning up the area, which in Mitchell County was a job of several months duration. A near-riot ensued after that announcement. and the commissioners left under the protection of lhe sheriffs departmenL The outcome of all this is still not clear, but there is cause for hope. At a special meeting on November 9 the county commissioners voted to temporarily close the CSI plant. The final result still remains to be seen. Citizens is an orRanization of mountain people just like all of us Their experience shows us that we can learn what we need to learn w deal with these issues. Ir's as simple as chal.") SMOKIES WILDERNESS BILL PASSES THE US HOUSE N.wnl World News Service A bill co-sponsored by Rep. James McClure Clarke of NC that would officially declare 90% of the Great Smoky Mountain National Parle a wilderness area has won unanimous approval in the US House of Representatives. Wilderness status would protect the greater part of the Park from road-building or any olher development. This bill formally ratifies the past management policy of the National Park Service and gives it the force of law. The House bill authorizes a payment of $9.5 million to Swain County, NC and forgives a $1.6 million loan to the county by the Farmers' Home Administration to redeem a promise made at the Park's inception for a road to a family cemetary located at Deals Gap within the Parle limits A similar bill, S. 963, has been proposed in the Senate, sponsored by NC Sen. Terry Sanford and Sens. Sasser and Gore of TN. Sen. Jesse Helms has proposed countering legislation in the Senate that would cut the amount of land to be put into wilderness and authorize the road to the cemewy to be built through the Park. Congressman Clarice expressed optimism about the Sanford bill's chances in the Senate, saying, "I think this is the best chance we have to get this controversy behind us. Everybody, even Senator Helms, feels that the 23 mile. $400 million road to the cemetary will never pass the Congress." (Taylor Barnhill ofthe Western Nonh Caroli/Ill Alliance says, "Barbara Kirby is not an environmental ex:perr. She is a school librarian ar Maiden Elementary School in Catawba Coulll)', NC. Caldwell Concerned WINTER 1987-88 �CONGRESSIONAL ACTION ON THE MRS Nlllllnll Wmld News S.S-.a POACHERS CAUGHT; POACHERS CONVICTED Acting on an anonymous tip, NC wildlife officers caught and charged seven men with bear baiting on Mackey Mountain near Manon, NC. The seven appeared in McDowell County Oistnct Coun on Nov. 9. Four of the men pleaded guilty to bear baiting, which is illegal in NC, and were given a minimum fine of $250, a suspended jail sentence, and lost all hunting privileges for two years. Two others contested the case, but were also found of guilty of the same charge. They stated their intent to appeal the decision. The remaining case had not come to !rial by the end of the day. The poaching !rial was monitored by the Southern Appalachian Black Bear Federation, which is initiating an active program to discourage poaching in Katiiah. 'This is the most flagrant case I've ever seen. They've been doing it all summer." Frank Pennell, enforcement officer for the NC Wildlife Resources Commission (WRC) in McDowell County told the Charlotte Observer. Responding to the tip, wildlife officers investigated the baiting site, which was just outside the boundary of the Mackey Creek Bear Sanctuary. The officers found enough snack cakes at the site to fill two bushel baskets. Cellophane wrappers from hundreds of other snack products littered the ground around the area. The bait was placed by the poachers to lure the bears off the protected sanctuary lands, so they could set dogs on their trail and run them in unprotected parts of the Pisgah National Forest. When the bears would finally be shot, they would miles from the incriminating bait site. The actions of poachers threaten the stability of the black bear population in the Southern Appalachians. Poached kills go uncounted in bear population management statistics, and poaching from the state bear sanctuaries violates areas that are set aside to provide females a safe breeding ground for a core population to maintain the numbers of black bears in the mountains. Defend the bean! Write to: Ass'L District Attorney Sandra Pugh P.O. Box 2143 Marion, NC 28752 Tell her that you arc watehing the bear poachers' appeal case and that you care about the outcome. If any signs of other poaching activity are seen, one may call the WRC "Wildlife Watch" number, 1·800-662-7137, to repon known or suspected violations. Confidentiality is assured. It is dangerous to personally intervene with poachers and far safer to call wildlife enforcement officers. Compiled 111 patt from o uport ur tlw CharlOlu Qbrmz, The US House of Representatives and the US Senate are on a collision course on crucial high-level radioactive waste legislation. ln the House. a move toward a momrorium and independent review of the nuclear waste management program is being led by Rep. Morris Udall (D-Utah) and Rep. Jamie Clark of the NC Ninth District. The vehicle is HB 2967 which would institute a study commission to review the actions of the US Department of Energy (DOE) and halt any funher site selection work for the two planned high-level nuclear waste dumps and the MRS (Monitored Retrievable Storage). which the DOE would like to site in Oak Ridge, TN. Senator Bennett Johnston (D-LA) is pushing Senate Bill 1668 (the Johnston-McOure bill) that would authorize an MRS. The MRS would store 80-90% of the nation's high-level nuclear waste. If Johnston were to succeed in his efforts, Karuah would not only be threatened by the MRS, but would be one giant step closer to receiving the second high-level nuclear waste dump in the Ellc River geological formation, just outside of Asheville, NC. Congressman Jamie Clar.Ice; US House of Representatives; Washington, DC 20515 deserves thanks for sponsoring HB 2967, and NC Senat0rs Sanford and Helms; US Senate Office Building; Washington, DC 20510 need to hear from people in the region who do not want the MRS and 1hc high-level waste dump. fA PAC AGAINST THE COMPACT •• Nlllnl World News Service The NC Political Action Committee to Dump the Compact has been formed to elect legislators to the NC Senate and General Assembly that will withdraw the state from the Southeast Low-Level Radioactive Waste Compact, which plans to dump 32 million cubic feet of radioactive waste in the state over a 20 year period begiMing in 1992. The group is planning to mount a strong campaign around the state's May 3 primary and November 8 election in 1988. Contact the organization at: P.O. Box 26071 Raleigh, NC 27611 FOREST SERVICE PLAN UNDER APPEAL - AGAIN! NllUnl World News Service The Western North Carolina Alliance (WNCA) and the NC Chapter of the Sierra Oub have both entered fonnaJ legal appeals of the Pisgah-Nantabala 15-Ycar Management Plan to the Chief of the US Forest Servicein Washington. The WNCA is filing on the basis of several violations of the Forest Management Act of 1976. The act requires that forest management be done on a site-specific basis, that management promote biological diversity in the National Forests, and that multiple-use management (which includes water, wildlife, and recreational needs as well as timber harvesting) be practiced. The WNCA in its suit says that the Forest Service is not considering management practices based on conditions at individual sites, but rather is making blanlcct prescriptions for clearcuning in all pans of the forest. They cite the Forest Service for managing the forest to promote a few selected varieties of trees, rather than promoting the wide diversity of trees found naturally in the Appalachian hardwood forest. The suit goes on to say that the widespread practice of clearcutting destroys protective cover, old denning trees needed by many mammal species, and mast-producing trees necessary for many species' survival. The WNCA favors uneven-aged timber management by means of selective cutting. The WNCA suit also protested the extensive use of prescribed burning by the Forest Service, calling the practice "excessive and environmentally damaging." The suit mentioned in particular the controlled bum that was triggered by dropping napalm in the Mica City Creek watershed. Both the Sierra Club and WNCA suits called the Forest Service to task for making many below-<:<>st timber sales. saying that the agency did not, in the words of the USDA, "accept a considerably greater burden of proving that a below-cost timber program is necessary." The Sierra Oub lawsuit also charged the ForcSt Service with projecting excessive road building into the 15 year plan. • continued on next page WINTER 1987-88 KATUAH-page 21 �- continued from page 21 RECYCLING CENTER OPENS AT ASHEVILLE LANDFILL Nannl World News Scrviee DUKE POWER MOVING IN ON THE MOUNTAI~S N-1 World News Scsv..,.. Duke Power Company is planning to scour and nood 1,200 acres on Coley Creek in 1hc heart of the Jocasscc wa1ershed 10 build a reservoir for a pumped s1oragc hydroelectric project The watershed is in the sou1hcrn reaches of Transylvania Coun1y, NC, jus1 above the South Carolina st111c line. The Horscpas1urc River, which was rccen1ly inducted in10 1he National Wild and Scenic River System, and the Whuewater, 1 hompson, and Toxaway rivers now through the area. The Jocassce Watershed is currently undeveloped and unspoiled. The well-known Foothills Trail crosses I.he area, and it is home to the endangered Oconee Bells flower and several types of rare fems that grow on I.he north-facing sides of some of I.he many waterfalls in lhe drainage. Two colonies of lhe green salamander, rare in this re~ion, live on Coley Creek. But the high nunfall and abrupt chan~cs in elevation that malcc this a unique area m the East also make ii a prime area for hydroclectrical development Duke Power has submit1ed a draf1 application 10 I.he Federal Energy Regulation Commission fora 2,100 mcgawan pumped s1orage facility that will cost $3.3 billion to construct. Plans call for a dam to flood the main valley and two or three side valleys and coal-fired electric plan1s that will produce energy 10 pump water back uphill during slack pcnods. A new road is proposed from NC Route 281 10 the cast side of Thompson Ridge - a 1,000 foot drop over nine miles - to transpon heavy equipment to the Coley Creek sile and to maintain the project. The Jocassec Wa1ershed Coalition (JWC) has been formed to oppose the flooding of Coley Creek and to press for inclusion of the Whitewater, Thompson, and Toxaway rivers in the federal Wild and Scenic Rivers System. The JWC is comprised of citizens' groups, cnvironmcn1al groups. and individual landowners and hunters tha1 use the watershed. They arc being aided by the Sou1h Carolina Wa1er Resources Commission, which, fearing damage to tr0u1 fishing waters, is urging protection of I.he rivers in I.hat state. 'lhis is going 10 be a mon:: difficult taSlc than saving the llorscpastun::," said Bill Thomas, co-chair of the JWC, "because Duke Power has owned the land since the 1960's." The JWC is suggesting to Duke Power I.hat providing incentives for energy conscrvarion 10 reduce overall electrical consumption would be a cheaper alternative that would possibly obviate the need for I.he Coley Creek dam. Utility companies, par1icularly in New England and the Pacific Northwest have been using this option to avoid installing nuclear power plants or other unsightly and polluting electrical generating facilities. Research has shown I.hat it is twO to four times cheaper to invest in energy conservation in preference to energy generation. At a meeting with Duke Power, JWC representatives proposed tha1 1he company hire a consullant 10 do preliminary research into the possibility of invesung in energy efficiency as a possible option. The company refused. "It seemed like a prcuy good idea to us," said Thomas. "parucutarly since a consultant would only cost $30,000 as compared to the $3.3 billion budget for I.he Coley Creek project." The JWC 1s requesting that Katiiah residents wrire to: Tommy Rhodes NC Depanment of Natural Resources and Community Development P.O. Box 27687 Raleigh, NC 2761 I to ask that I.he 1hree rivers of 1he Jocassce Wa1crshed be placed immediately under state prorection. To contact the Jocassec Watershed Coalition, wricc: Gil Leebrick c/o Highlands Biological S1ation P.O. Drawer 580 Highlands, NC 28741 Duke Power is also deepening its involvement in the mountain region be buying out the Nan1ahata Power and Ligh1 Co., which provides electricity 10 1he five wcstcm-mos1 coun1ics of NC. Veronica Nicholas, a county commissioner of Jackson Coun1y. NC and tong-time activist in citizen struggles with Nantahala, calls this process "changing masterS." She observes, "By adding Nantahala's area and resources and developing the pump storage facility in Transylvania County, Duke Power is a-ying to create an in1cgrated generating system. I think they're loolcing to a time when they won't be able to rely on nuclur power." The Buncombe County Board of Commissioners, with the support of Quali1y Forward, has opened a recycling cen1er at the Asheville landfill, located seven miles north of Asheville on Highway 251. Clear glass, colored glass (brown and green separated), newspaper. corruga1ed cardboard, and aluminum cans may be recycled. The cenlcr is open during regular landfill hours: 8:00 am-4:30 pm, Monday-Friday and 8:00 am- I :00 pm on Saturdays. The usual landfill tipping fee of Sl.25 is waived ror up 10 10 bags of garbage for !hose who bring four bags of recyclables. II has been estima1 that up 10 ed one-lhird of all solid waste can be recycled. Recycling to this cxtcn1 in Buncombe Coun1y would depend on other recycling 1echniqucs as well as 1hc recycling area at the landfill. Curbside pick-up, on-si1c separation, and small, local commercial recycling businesses would all make recycling more convenient and profitable. The remaining two-thirds of the genera1ed waste could be composted, 1umcd into fuel pellets, or compacted and landfilled. All lhesc methods arc currently in use elsewhere. The Asheville landfill recycling center is a response on the pan of citizens to the idea of mass-bum incineration, which is one waste-disposal technology under consideration by the Buncombe County Commissioners. The major advocates of incinera1ion arc mega-industries trying 10 comer 1he SIOO billion spem annually in I.his country on waste disposal. Incinerators arc the most expensive solid was1e management technology a community can choose. They arc expensive to opera1c, involving massive inputs of non-renewable fuels, and repairs have proven 10 be devastatingly expensive. There are also major heahh and environmental problems involved in incineration. Fine particles of lead, cadmium, mercury, manganese, antimony, tin, and other heavy mc1als arc released in the incinerator smoke. Dioxin, the mos1 highly carcinogenic of the synthc1ic hydrocarbons. has been identified in significan1 amounlS in incinera1or gases and ash. The ash i1sclf is slated to soon be designated a hazardous waste by the US Envtr0nmcntal Protection Agency. Although a small s1cp, the recycling center at the Asheville landfill is a start toward bet1er waste managcmen1 practices and deserves resident use and support./ WINTER 1987-88 �A CHILDREN'S PAGE Underground House - Abigail Bird, Madison County, NC Under Water House Sarah Reany Floyd County, VA I would have a big house under the ocean and you got there by going through a door in a house on an island. My house would be shaped like a big mushroom. I'd have a big window on lhe top or lhe ocean to get sun power. And I'd have a fire at the bottom or my house and a boot and I'd have a bumblebee for flying away. I'd have a big flower so the bumblebee can drink. j J ( 11..i Mn 1 .: ..... h" (; .m ifJ v f 11t 1.1t1 ~ ,t u1~t -t11e 9n"vtn../. ti! ..>. t.l.."l'OU..9"' Ofltr( 5LiJQ - .... flJ1Jl. lC j()(:;.o h 1..s B td __ _ Underground House - Michael Flowers, Madison County, N / WI NTER 1987.:88 KATIJAH ·page 23 �Dear Friends • DRUMMING LETIERS TO KATUAH Ko.lWth 1s still a\ good as alway\, but I do agree it Y.ould be a i;ood idea to keep the old format. I'd hate for ~omc folk~ to i;et left out becau~e the price Y.Cnt up. Ju\t some or the feedback I've also heard from some people who enjoy looking forward to the ne:itt issue. Keep up the good! Tara Cla)1on Rougcmc:nt. :\C .....Thanks for a great fall issue. In response to your question: I'd rnthcr sec )oU mainl3in the ine:\pcnsive, rccycleablc newl>print. Keep up the good Y.Ork. Jeanene (Cabanis} Cashiers. t\C Dear Friends • Let me tcU you what I feel is important in my life: I stan a fire by spinning a wooden spindle. In doing this, r re-enact a ritual that transcends the bounds of time. Smoke curls from powdery, hot, black dust, and I am re-establishing my link with nature through an act of primitive humanity. I skin the gift deer with a stone knife I made, and butcher this friend who has given life for continuation of life. Eating this sacred food cooked on my fire, I realize that the deer is inside me and becomes pan of me, and I become pan of 11. I wear clothes made from this deer's skin, and. as I move, the deer moves with me. We arc one. 1 bathe in the stream, and the life blood of the Mother Eanh cleanses me, and again I sec the connecting link between my being and all of the universe. By panicipating in a primitive life, in immediate contact with the natural (real) world, I find comfoning, meaningful relationships with all of my relatives in this universe. I have lived outside for over eight years, nunurcd by this primitive exi~tencc. During thi!> apprenticeship with nature, a chief activity has been the use of natural materials for appropriate "Earth Skills" technologies to make a lhing, following techniques that natives have used in this area for over 12,000 years. I feel I have learned something valuable. and I want to share it. I have found how useful "Eanh Skills" arc in connecting humans and nature and stimulating spiritual insight, :ind I te.ich these methods to others. "Earth Skills" are life suppon activiucs through which people involve themselves in nature, primiuvc technologies, and primitive thinking processes. In the barren realities of modem American life and thought, "Eanh Skills" arc an avenue to understanding another way of perceiving the world and developing a foundation for spuituality based upon interaction with the natural world. On the surface, making a bucket of tree bark seems practical only because it provides a wild woods container. But in our day and culture, the experiment has a much more valuable benefit: we gain a very strong perception and understanding of a connecting linlc with the foreSt and with the primitive skills that our ancestors depended upon. By experiencing the physical connection, we arc opened to appreciate the spiritual value of the event. Leaming "Eanh Skills" relates an individual with the na11ual world to produce a craft or ~riml!nr that brings a person to the awareness of the connectedness of all things, humans included. •Earth Skills" lessons arc inherently spiritual. I never need to mcnuon the word "spirituality" or to scare conscrv:mves with phrases like "change m world view." The latent revelations, connections. and meaningful guides need never be anicul:ued. They just happen. "Ennh Skills" give a strong, practical foundation for under.;tanding spiritual realities by sharing Y.ilh the spirits of the wild places. Eustace Conway 602 Deerwood Drive Gastonia, NC 28084 KATUAU ·page 24 Durable magazine format vs less durable newspaper format · I'll opt for qunlity in either presentation. One awaits Katuah eagerly each season because of hannonious weavings of philosophy, issues facing our Mother Eanh, teachings to share, verse to stimulate ponderance, etc. For me the present format works!... .. Bern Grey Owl Raleigh, NC I'm making a prayer I'm gathering the kindling I'm making a prayer I'm clearing the way I'm making a prayer I'm striking the flint I'm making a prayer Lhat will illuminate that will warm or cedar and oak Of maple and pine Of coming Logether I'm making a prayer because iL is time • Colleen Redman Dear Editors: We have high praise for the Fall 1987 K1IiiA!L and its excellent anicles on the black bears of Southern Appalachia. No bear species anywhere on Eanh can survive without local and regional suppon, and that suppon depends primarily on what people know about bears and their needs. Your issue on the bears of the Kau.iah Province is a landmark step toward meaningful protection of bears and their habitat in your region. As planet Earth becomes less inhabitable as a result of traRically misplaced national and international priorities, the b:mle to keep p3tlS of Earth, habitable for wild bears will help prcscIVC the health · and life - of the planet as a whole. Keep up the fine work, because we arc all in this together. Sincerely, Lance Olsen President, The Great Bear Foundation Missoula, MT W1NTER 1987-88 \! �Dear Editor - While on a hurried VJSll Alar. your l.J.NJfturtd !M. At tlir" bthtst )IOll btc~ my ad\/Usary BtctJJ<U )'Oii .,.f:rt blood brotJo.u IO myfo~r llibc I Ww -,Ollr tlto1111w GS )'Oii p11rswd IM, I could 110t li111u to std 110rvislrmt111. 011 ONl on. yo11 pllTswd IM. Soon I 1rtw wtak, nut to tartlt. Ytt wht11 -,011 slew this body. I did llOI dit. My soul tlldiutrlt. to the new library at Appalachian Suue this past week, I chanced to see the notice of the upcoming symposium on the black bear in Nonh Carolina. It occurred to me that you might find the enclosed poem, "Nemesis," appropriate at this time. You will recall that Wilburn Waters was noted as the famous hunter and hermit in the White Top section of Nonh Carolina. He was credited (?) with killing 108 bears as well as many wolves and other animals. J became interested in his story when I learned he was my great-grent-grc:11-uncle. Rev. M.D. Han raised the funds and built the monument with the imposing black benr on top. I visited the graveyard where it srnnds this past summer, and it is still standing in good condition and has numbers of visitors each year. It is located near Lansing, near Tuckerdale. The symbol at the bottom right of the poem is the Cheroke word for Yo-nu, the bear. Sincerely, Mrs. Ruth Trimble '----------------~-~"""' E11t11tually )'Oii too. my bro/her. wtrtftlltd by rht inaor~ 1umd of mortality. NEMESIS Once./ was as you wert. A m1Jn tal/ and proud. Ordained by the GreaJ Spirit 10 toll OJld :t'*'l!al so 1ha1 I mightfted upon 1/itfruits of my labor. In thtfv.l/nessoftlme I beCDml! ll'l!Oritd by tht constant struggle 10 sustain lift. Encwnbtrtd by fau.• I langtd 10 be lilt:t tht Btar • frtt to roam DI will. gathtring the berrits and mast. I grnv faint with my disconttnl . Tht GrtaJ SpiriI ltntw my OJlguish. Maniftstiltg I /is arcant power I It gra111td my heart's dt.wc OJld cJiangtd mt into Btar, c/ollting me in long si/Jcen hair. I was Yonu, mighliesl of tht crcaturts. None challengtd my right 10 bt Yo11 lit tnto!nMd high on this /ouly kMll. Mtnftlt ltd to trtet an effigy of me· froztn ill rime • ovtr your grave 10 show rtsptct for your prowess. They tOd /IOI perceive thtir efforts wert dirtcrtd by tht Great Spirit and nor of thtm.ttlvts. I. too. ha11t rtsptctfor -you, mybrothtr. but I SIOJld htrt not to honor you. Rathtr. I stOJld guard 10 OJlChor your spirit firmly ill rhe tarth until Yonu rerurns unw his own 111 rht secret dtpdis and NXlows. Ohly thtn w1/l I relinquish my vigil so thal your spirit may ristfrom its fc11us and soar .,.;,h """' 111 the etastlw harmony of rhe Uniwrse. Ulllil )'OIL We reprint two ofthe pomufrom the Drumming section of last Issue. A typographical error changed the meaning ofone, and two verses ~e inadven0t1ly lef1 ow ofthe other. Our apologies to the poers and to our readers. Ajirs1 rule of survival in any region is to stay on 1he good side of your IDcal poetS! The Lessons of the Hunt Persimmon seed, I am•... let me glisten in the sunlight to paint you colours, gold, bronze, amber forever. let me be free 10 grow to bear.... to w3tch my young sway, to grow, to bear. let me not lay on the cold, damp ground trample me not for the Earth is my food and the sunlight my wonderment Persimmon seed, I am .... betraying no man. - Bun Grey 01111 Wouldst learn the lessons of the Hunt From those who know them best? Then one must go to marsh or wood Where hunters seek their prey. "Patience" says the stately Heron As it stands in the shallows, Waiting for a fish or a frog To obligingly swim by. "Concentration" says the Heron As, one slowly moving foot at a time, It stalks A shining minnow. "Patience" says the tiny Jumping Spider As it dans along a vine, Its huge front eyes alert For an insect's telltale twitch. "Concentration" says the Jumping Spider As, forelegs el(tendcd, It takes aim At a foolish fly. ''Patience" says the coiled Rattlesnake As it lies beside a log, Waiting for an unsuspecting mouse To follow its accustomed path. "Concentration" says the Rattlesnake As the mouse scampers closer, For there can be But a single strike. "I see and understand," say I "And thank you for your gifts. Now I can tre3d the inner paths To seek my own prey, Truth." © Douglas A. Rossman WINTER 1987-81! KATUAH · page 25 �An Appeal At the turning of this new year, we would like to express to you some thoughts and feelings about the Katuah journal at this point in its existence. We have been gratified at the expressions of love and support that have come in from readers and friends from all over. Our primary goal is to have KatUah be read and used. We see the journal as a way for each of us in the region to share our learning experiences, as we all try to find a balanced, harmonious way of living in these mountains. This element of sharing is very important in the ongoing process of us growing together and growing into the land. Katuah is produced as a collective effort of folks from around the region. ( Most of us live several hours apart from each other.) While some of the original members have been continuously involved, the editorial circle still opens and reforms after each issue of the journal. Doing Katuah is a demanding task that requires a lot of time and offers little material recompense (but, oh, such rewards to the spirit!). Most Katuah jobs are volunteer (though a few arduous tasks like bookkeeping are compensated). Katuah does offer expense money like gas and telephone calls, but simply getting to the various meetings and to layout is a big demand on people who are working for a living. This is taking its toll on the editorial collective. We would like to be able to maintain the journal at the standard it has come to reflect in the course of the last few years. By breaking the job list up into smaller pieces, we could make it easier for everybody, while bringing more variety and excitement to the pages of the journal. Opportunities are available to participate in the Katuah adventure. With added input, the journal could not only continue to exist in its present form, it could expand its functions in any direction the participants wish to take it. Besides help with actual production and lay-out, Katuah also needs writers and artists (and, of course, cartoonists!) to work with the journal or to submit material relevant to the region. The more submissions there are, the more variety and interest in the pages of Katuah. Even if submissions are not about the selected theme for an issue, they could fonn the nucleus for a future issue of the journal. Also needed are: - An advertising manager. who could bring in needed revenues for the journal, but also help Katuah consciously encourage a regional marketplace by spotlighting biorcgionally beneficial business enterprises. - A "Webworking" editor, who could work to encouraie trade and barter between people, help oottage industries to develop, as well as ftnd interesting and creative additions to mnlce a Lively individuals' ad section. - A distribution manager, who could help get Ka11iah out onto new store shelves and magazine racks and help keep up the network of community contact people. - Additions to the poetry committee that evaluates submissions and guides them into the pages of the joumiJ. - There is also a niche for a person or a committee to keep track of the Katfiah T-shirt sales and offer books, tools, stickers and other bioregional pamphemalia through the mail order system. - A calendar editor, who could compile a definitive events Iii.ting and perhaps transfo"" the "Calendar" section into a sun-moon-forest-garden-people almanac, creatively showing the upcoming cycles for each season. - Someone to be Natural World News editor, one of the vital sections of the JOumal. At present it is a patchwork of material picked up as we go along. This section needs an on-going editor to stabilize news presemations. keep in touch with contacts, add depth and continuity to our coverage, and become kno""n as a regional news conduit. This is a position that could become an important one for shaping news coverage 1hroughout the region. We have ulkcd often about expanding NU/Ural World News beyond the p3ges of the journal, but it would lllkc a person or a group with vision and commitment to actually make ~mething happen in this area. �1"tNttR. TRAVEL tNG "R.OUNDAJJOUT ~'JUA1l " It has also been a fond hope that Katuah could develop interest groups 1n areas of importance for b1oreg1onal life. People sharing a common interest 1n certain broad areas could meet independently, at first to see that their area of interest gets adequate and incisive coverage m the Journal, but developing into regional "think tanks" to develop and deepen bioregional thought on their chosen topics and perhaps to publish independently of the journal. Forestry and Wildlife, Water, Energy, Agriculture and Regional Diet, Healing, Education and Personal Growth, Sustainable Economics, Shelter, Bioregional Theory, and Spirituality are topics that have already been suggested, but any aspect of the new Appalachian culture could be treated in this way. Thinking bioregionally opens up new worlds to our mind's eye and our heart's touch. It's a participatory experience. If you think KatUah as a journal or as an idea is a useful form that helps you relate to life in the the Blue Ridge Province, help us help it to grow. If you can see your way to doing it, jump in. Share the excitement of a group venture, and join us as we seek to better understand the mysteries of this place. Blessings upon you at the turning of the year's wheel. - The Kstush sta"/ 11as wt.nter t wifl he traveling tlirou9l1 Xatunli to botli broarfen anc! aeepen tf1e biore9ionnf network tl1ougliout the province. t wi([ travel as extensi.vely as time and rcsotuces permt.t. 1he purpose of the trip is to hudd up tfie Xatuah cli.stributwn/local contact people network. and to strengthen tire two - way communication between the journal cma the communities of the reljion. tf you woul'cl like me as a representative of Xatuali to visit your area, q you woul'cl like to arrange a m eeting (!ar9e or small, pubUc or private) to talk about our region, if you can offer a floor to s~p on as t 'm passing through, please write and let me know, so we can taa. specifically about the trip 's timing and schduling. We can tf,o mutings or discussion 9roups about b!acft, bears, nukes, !and use plans, or any of the sugtjeSud "special interest areas ". We could hole! beljinnf.ng semf.nars on the meantn9 of the wore£ "biorel]f.on " and our own unique area. IVe could tell stories about clra9ons and the Uttk people. IVe could p!alJ drums. IVe coulc! tf,o sweat Coclljes. IVe could mut wi.th school 9roups or 9arc!en. clubs. IVe can tf,o whatever is rUj/Jt for SJOUr weak. Tfsi.nlt- about bei.ng a Xatuab contact person for your area. 1he contact system is tlie basic frameworF., of the XotUoh networft-. IVe would Uke to 9et more local news, local i.nterviews, local pi.ctures, stories, and opi.nLons from around the regf.on. Let me know, and we'{! get totjether to talk about U. Hope to hear from you. 1hese are excULng times to Uve in. Let's maft-e the most of them/ .Jlfl"' c Io -Davie! Whakr X.aUiah BLorUJional Journal Box ~8 Lei.cester, NC 28748 KATIJAH • page 27 �9004 nuttc£ne continutd from pace 18 A Mountain Home conunucd from page 8 As well as being above 1hc valleys, the asi's were always si1ua1cd on 1he wanner south- or west-facing slopes of the nearby hills. When the weather got cold, wc1, and nasty, the villagers would retreat up the hillsid~ 10 spend the winter snug and dry in their asi 's. The opening into the asi was so low that one had 10 crawl on hands and knees 10 enter. There was a wooden wall inside the doorway Lo cul off Lhc wind. so one entered by crawling in and turning to the right. The wooden partition cut off most of the light, too, so a bright fire of pine knots was kept burning inside to provide light while the asi was inhabited. Sometimes there would be a smokehole, sometimes the smoke would drift out the door. From time to time the people of the family would smoke their asi thoroughly with fragrant cedar or hemlock to ex1ermina1c insects and vermin. It must be remembered that the asi was intended only for a sheller and not as a living space. On nice, sunny days, even in winter, the family would work in the sunlight out of the wind in the warm, protceted area in from of the asi. The men might be carving or making arrowheads, and the women would weave mats for the walls of the summer houses. Weaving the walls for your house each year would seem like a long, tedious job to people today, but the lndians would sit together and talk while they worked, sharing ideas and gossip. It was communication; it was a social event, and if one was raised knowing that the mats for the walls of the summer house had to be made each year, then it was just one of the realities of living and was not seen as a burden. The asi also offered a place safe from the spnng floods that came down the river each year. The people could s11 on the hillsides and watch the river sweep away everything on the old village site except the townhouse, which remained safe above the waters on its raised mound. When the weather warmed and 1he waters subsided, the people returned to the bottoms and built their summer dwellings oriented around the townhouse. The floods also deposited 11 layer of fertile silt over the planting fields, so when the houses were reconstructed, the people set out seed for new gardens for the new growing season. It seems like an easy and practical way to live. bencr utilize local resources for energy production for our shelter. As we implement appropri3te ways of living, we become continually more aware of the spiri tual nature of shelter. The soil is the flesh, the water is the blood, the rock is the bone, and the wood is the sinew. For a person to experience the energy of his/her daily lire within and without IS II gifL Greg Olson tksigns passive solar and energy-efficient homes and teaches courses in the E11viro11mental Swdies Program at rile U11iversity of North Carolina at Aslrevi/le His course "Environment, Design , and Solar E11ergy" is offered every fall semester and focuses on tlie use of alternate energy systt!TTIS i11 building design. Write Greg at 211 Stoney Knob Rd.; Weaverville, NC 28787 or call (704) 658.()834. MEMBRANE HOUSES continued from page 13 Here are some specific LCChniqucs for creating thcJc: pod-Idec houses 111 KatU3h: •Build ribs or metal or plastic 1ub1ng on a saonc or c:cment foundnlion. Sttttch wire mesh over I.his frame and, by band, fcrroccmcnt lhe shell in a numbet or I.ayers leaving openings and shuL-offs. Pigments can be added 10 cement mix1urcs along wilh ol.hcr mnrkings put on the membrane for a mote involved blending with the land. It can take around 28 days for a sl3lldatd cunng or cement in Lhis process yCI there is a method of 7 d3y mois1urc 0 cur111g. A Bourn of Buds With an eye to woe and one to wonder, I regard late January daffodils just budding from the bare warm ground beside my tilting woodshed, a way too early to convey the full flame to the greentime. Near them I stand, a little tilted myself, feeling in the dawn sun some lightened sadness. - Michael Hockaday •con)truc1 fiberglass (or even cardbo3td) molds, with horiwnaal scnms for casting purposes, 1111d blow a dry miiuurc or sprayed cement cnllcd gunnne at high prCiSUrc onto the mold and connccuvc mesh. The mixture as dry enough IO suck 10 ceilings and can be shaped soon aftcr spraying. Adv111113gc) to this method arc lh31 a mold can be reused, and the curing umc for gunnue i• only about 3 dnys. •Malec a frame in which to inOa1e a I.hick l»lloon lh3I can then be covered with wire mesh and fcnoccmcntcd on the out:;adc. Also. in a m11Ch more m1t1caie process. steel fibers can be added 10 the concl"CIC mix - as a strenglhcncr • and sprayed al high PfC.\'iUl'C ona.o a I.ayer of 11\lulation from the inside of a I.hick balloon. The 51CCI fibers being put in the mix itself arc a replacement for the ribbing and meshmg of fcnoccmenL Air pressure can be wed as a 1113in suppon during lhe spraying process. •A grcnL mnny combinations of lhC$e LCChniqucs can be used. along with canh henning and adding on IO exilUng suucaurcs. Rob Messick is a graplric artist and an avid student of synergetics and whole systems. flis work with mandalas, m£mbranes and other organic forms portray a wide spectrum of enviro~nts from tire macrocosm 10 tire microCQsm. sraphic by ChriotJna Mormon KATUAH- page 28 wrNTER 1987-88 �Green B..gcr Kin&) Boont,,C (704) l64·5866 • • • • • • • • • • • • K"'-"r'UAfi l\oa-\E [) £.SIGl"I ~,p;:: -c t.•J ;::,,;\•'t'R.M~~.i,,·_ 1~£!..:...~rJ ·4-)E..? ~, ,\t_·, 11..f: h .. ;..:...- l:. -> \ ,- ..,. '~ .. , •"v:--~. ( 1:.l~ 1 :~ :-. . ~a .. _, ·=---- Green Line, lhe newsletter of the Western North Carolina Greens, has just published its second issue! Conceived as a project in solurion-~riented, ecology·~as~ journalism. Green Line began pubhcauon 1n Occober, with a well-received four-page issue. "Respect for diversity" is one of the ten key values of the US Greens, and the current issue, now eight pages, has further expanded its already . diverse mix~ure of local, regional, and n:monal news to include political cartoons and essays that aucmpt to penemue beneath the surface of the issues to the core beliefs, values, and elhics of Green philosophy. "Decentralization" is another key Green value, so the content of future issues of Green line is very open to our readers' contributions. Karzlali's readers are welcome to submit reports, essays, poems, graphics, or anything else that fires the imagination. Charter subscriptions are available for $5. The Gretn Une WNC Greens P.O. Box 144 Asheville, NC 28802 noon• llrli:his Shopplna C•nl<r (h.:hind . " . e Now " On Lme L10 ... ....) ... ' t.ii•\J ...4:;.. • ~ ~ (iL 7 ..:: .....-...., ",.. t"~4 o 1L (70~) Chinese Acupuncture and Herbology Clinic Natural Food Store & Deli 160 BroadWay Ashevllle, NC 28801 253-5383 Where Bro.c!wri meets Merrlmon Ave & 1-2.0 OPEN 7 DAYS A WEEK Monday·Saturday· 9am·8pm Sunday 1pm·Spm <1>$5'.ffl~~cn WJ~ ll'JlD'.K§@ ©~~ !l The Elk River Coalition asks people throughout the mountains to tum off all electric lights in their homes and place a candle in the front window from 7:30-8:00 pm on Sunday, December 6 as part of the Sunday Nuclear Boycott (SNuB). . Boycotting nucle3;1"·ge~erated elec~ city for that shon penod 1s a symboltc protest of the federal government's nuclear waste policy and its implications for the mountain region and all of the natural world. For further information, contact: The Elk River Coalition c/o Madison County En vironmental Defense League Mars Hill, NC 28754 J im Wayne Miller LITERARY FESTIVAL Emory & Henry College February 4-5, 1988 More info: John Lang, English Dept, Emory &. Henry College, Emory. VA 24327 Rt One With lbe Earth is a 1ounng collection of Native American art on cxhib11 al Ille Museum of lhc Cherokee Indian now through Dec. 14, 1987. Located Highway 441 N al Drama Rood. Cherokee. NC. Open daily 9am-Spm. (704) 497-3481. (704) 683-1414 68:M795 342 Merrimon Avenue Asheville, NC {704) 258-9016 (704) 253-7656 'J\i(lee, 'lt~f 'Na~r~ BOBCAT T-SHIRT SHORT SLEEVE T: $10.00 ppd Colors: Ecru, White, Sliver. Sufoam (II. grHn) THI LONG SLEEVE T: $14.00 ppd. (lnclut»1 P•w Print on SIHv•) ColOl'I: Ecru, Sliver, Te•I, White S•tlsf11etlon •~red or ,.tum for full ,.fund. Ple•u Indicate size, color, sleeve length, qu•ntity. ........,. r'I ~ Introducing the BOBCAT This full color design Is hand-screened on T-SHIRTS OF 100% PRESHRUNK COTTON We •l•o IN AOUL T SIZES S,M,L,XL h•v• • tine or 1weetshlrt1 •nd WINTER 1987·88 kids T-Shirts I -... =.::::.~.,........ ~- ......c... .. I:.""" .• ,.l.110414t6 a.l "'- ccaoca_,,,,.,_u1o111111•---· '--==~=---1 . IUUl_.-111 Village Hands or llandm:ide Objects Beaut) rrom :ill O\er the world! •ptciatWoi: in ile.m~ rrom llotp:il &Tibtl Open Dail,> 11:00am-6pm 43 Broadway Ashcvllle, NC (704) 252-4336 Located across from Stone Soup KATUAH - page 29 �vf€BW0Rl51t§ APPROPRIATE PASSIVE SOLAR DESIGN, blucprinLS and foll working drawings for homes, shop$, and sheds. Creauvc dnlftina - your idc:is or ours. Harmony Sunbuildcrs; P.O. Box 194; Sugar Grove. NC 28697 NC FARMERS can gel 75~ reimbursement for conservation m11113gement practices from NC Soil and Water Conservation Comm. Cropland conversion, tcmices, gm.•>s«I waterways, and other erosion prevention measures. ConUICt locnl Soil and Water Conservation District officci.. STARSPAN ASTROLOGICAL PROFILES: Relationships, lire chart, forccasL~. Charts and profc«101Ul taped readings also available. P.O. Box 10413; Raleigh, NC 2760S GUATEMALAN REFUGEE SEED FUND: help refugees in southern Mexico maintain lhcir culture and d1i;nity by shirring a variety of •-egct:1blc o;eeds directly to farmers. Write to: 2292 Grant Si.. Vancou,cr, BC, Can.:id.1 VSL2Z7 EUSTACE CONWAY· Guule and Teacher of pnmitive Emh Sl1lls with cmphasi~ on fire building, hide tanning, shelter, and foraging. He ieachcs at public school~. parks, cnvll'Onmcma.I centers, and classes of all lands. For mocc information CODl.1Cl him at: 602 Deerwood Drive, <i~ 1'Ci280S4 u call Allcm Stanley al (704) 1918 SIMPLE LIFESTYLES CALENDAR • Photos of "Cnf1SpCOplc or Appabchia" by Wam:n Brunner and suggcs11ons for simple h"mg for each day. S6.00 from App:ilachia-Scicncc m lhc Public lnlCrcSl; RL S, Box 423: LivingslOll, KY 4044S. All prOCCCds bcnc!il lhc WOf'k or ASPI, a llOll·(llO!il corpomuon. ROSE AROMATICS - csscntilll oils have been healing body, mind, spirit, since ancient Egypl. A most pleasant therapy! Dabney Rose; Rt. 3. Bo~ 286-A; Candler, NC 2871 S CHEROKEE INDIAN LANGUAGE clnsscs. For info, write Robcn Bushyhcad; P.O. Bo~ 70S: Cherokee, NC 2871 ROCKTN' WITH BILLY B • Do lhc DO!lct of I~ Dragonfly or the Roel 'n Roll of PhotoS>nlMsis in lhe "Music and lhc Natural World" work•hop. Avnilablc for bookings for schools or local groups, fan. 29-Feb. 4, 19gg, Great mouvalicin for kids! Call Ken Voorhis (615) 448-6709. FUTOl'S by Simple Pleasures • afford:ihly priced. Send SASE for info ID: Simple Pica.sum;; Rt. I , Al TERNATIVE JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL· At Arthur Morg:in School 24 students and 14 staff lcnm 1ogether by living in community. Curriculum includes crcnl.ivc ocndcmic:s, group dccision-maling, a work program, scrncc projccis. extensive neld uips, challenging outdoor experiences. Wri1e: 1901 Hannah Branch Rd.; Burnsville. NC 28714 (704) 675-4262 CUSTOM CELTIC HARPS • A'Colltl Bason: Tra"ianna Farm: RL 1: Cbcck, VA 240n. DRUMS • CllSIOID bandaafi.ed ceramic dumbc:cks &. wooden medicine drums. Call Joe Robcns at (704) 258-1038 or write to: 738 Town Mountain Rd.: Asheville, NC 28804. Box 1426; CbylOll, GA 30S2S (~) 782-3920 A\tERICAN l!'.'DIANS of 1/16 blood. any tnbc, accepted as mcmbcn of the Soulhc:lstcrn Cherokee Confcdcro<:y. For application, wore: Chief Wilham "Ratll<:.'>nakC" facl:son: RL I, BOJt 111: Leesburg, QA 31763 sn-79n graphic lilt to express and enhance our hvcs. l..ogos, brochures, boou, porua1ture, window and wall hangings. ConLict Manlui Tree (704) 7S4-<i097. ASHEVILLE I BUNCOMBE COUJl<'TY SOLID WASTE ALTERNATIVES PLANNING WORKBOOK: A design for handling sohd w:ll>lCS tn nny urban context. SIS from Long Branch Env1ronmcn111I Education Center. Rt. 2. Box 132; Leicester, NC 28748. BARTERING NETWORK forming. Call Peter al (704) 926-6250 for 1nformooon. Am&.· stone.~ from folk uuditions till around the M. TREE DESIGNS· lllustrauons and Design • Beyond the p:igcs or lhi~ JQum:il, I work. in pencil, colored pencil, inl, cul paper, :ind b31.ik. Fine and AND THE EARTH UVED HAPPILY EVER world chosen lo help protccl all living beings by bringing the world society a few steps clo,cr to pc:icc and respect for all life. Edited by Floating Eagle Fca1her. S7.00 ppd. (All profiis go to Greenpeace and the Peace Museum). Order from : Wages of Peace: 309 Trudeau Dr.; Mellirc, LA 70003 DA YSTAR ASTROLOGICAL SERVICE· natal, transit, companson chans. Very accurate. Only S3.00 each. Chris and Will B11.wn: R1. 2, Box 217; Qie(:k, VA 24072 (703) 6Sl-3492 STIL-LIGHT THEOSOPHICAL RETREAT CENTER - • qu1c1 space for personal mcd1uuon, group interaction through study and communuy work. 8lld spirit.u.11 semi run. Conlatl Leon Fr.llllr.cl; RL I, Box 326: Wayncsv1Uc, 1':C 28786 CRAFTSPEOPl.l'i • send pncc l1rungs 10 Ci/t~d /lands of NC, 331 Bl.lie S1; Raleigh, l"C 27601 (Att'n: Bern Orey Owl) • unique shop prucnling 35-40 crahcrs' works in R.ilc1gh"s C11y M.utcL All a:lfl~ coosidcrcd. FLOWER ESSENCES • H.vmony v.alh Na1ure &. Sp1ri1. Ocnllc cmOOC>llal ~ppon during lrnll~itions, specific: hsucs, rcla11onship~. Opens communication~ Sclr·OdJUSling, non · lox1c, awareness "U>Oh" for 1mprovmg lhc inner quality. Correspondence 10: F.b1nc Geougc, c/o PDtchwork Castle, Cclo, 3931 llWY 80 So.• Bum!IY1llc, NC 28714 MASSAGE/BODYWORK THERAPIST 1mcrcsicd m c~changmg trcatmcnL• for other 1CtYICCS/produc1S. Call Peter 11 (704) 926-6250. KATUAll - page 30 MEDITATION CUSHIONS from Carolina Morning Designs. Traditional and inflatable .c.afus. For free brochure, write: RL I, Box 31-B: Hot Spnni;s. NC 28743 (I? GRAFICKS • I u~ lhe media of rcncols, colored pencils, gouachc, pen and mk, aaJ pltolognlphy in creating unique !inc and gralicl art. I can make diagrams, logos, finished pnnLS, and dc$igns for brochures, calendarJ, Cllrds, books. cte.. Mandalas and symbol> arc my tendency among other styles. Concact Rob Messick (704) 754-6097. THE APPALACHIAN HERB NEWSLEIJ'ER: exploring lhc potcniial for herbs as ca'h crops 1n Appalachfo. Subscriptions S 12/yr.. Wruc: Appal3cbjnn Herb Ncwslcucr - ASPI; Rt . S, Box 423; Livingston, KY 4044S MOON DANCE FARM HERBALS herbal salves, tinctures, & oils for b1nh1ng &. family hc3llh. For brochure. please wri1e: Moon Dance Fnrm; Rt I, Box 726; Hampton, TN 37658 SAMADHJ FLOAT TANK for sale. Spcalcers and pump. Foe back pain, medaation, relaxation.. Sl2.SO (nc:goci:lble). Call (704) 68'.l-1103. CAROLINA MTN. MACROBIOTIC CENTER ortcn natural foods cooking classes, diewy counselling, cducauonal lccUJn:~ ror a healthier life. Torn or Debbie Alhos. Call (704) 254-%06. WEB WORKING l~ free. Send submissions to: KaJ.ua.h P.O. Box 63g LciCCSICr, NC Kaliiab Province 28748 WINTER 1987 -88 �Mtdfcfn,.. Alllts Kil.IiJJJh wants to communlcace your tho11ghcs and feelings to the other people in the bioregional province. Send chem to us as letters, poems. stories. drawings, or photographs. Please send your conrribiuions to us at: K1lnJIJ.h,· Box 638; uicester, NC; Karuah Province 28748. There has betn a profusion of topics proposed for articles for the spring issue. Send in ':iJ1W ideas! January 16 is tire submissions deadline/or Issue 19. BACK ISSUES OF KATUAH AVAILABLE ISSUE TWO · WINTER t983-84 Yon.ah. Be.- Hunlal Pigeon River . AnOlher Way Wilh Animals • Alma • Bccomln1 ful I rolor T-s61rts ISSUE TEN· WINTER 198.S-86 Kile Rosen • C1tclcs or Stone • lruc.mal Mylhmakin1 • Holistic He&lm1 on Trial • Poans: SICYe Knal>lll • M y1hic Pbces • The Uktena'• Tale • Crysral Maalc • "Dlelnwpealana" Politie&lly Effective - Mounlaln Woodllllds K&lah l.1nder lhc Drill Spiritual Wrnwm ISSUE THREE· SPRINO 1984 SUJl.wble Asnculnn. sunnowen • Human. lmpacl on lhe Forui • Childrau' Ed11ea1ion Veronica Nlo:holu:Woman in Politic. • Ullle People· Medicine Alliea ISSUE ELEVEN· SPRINO 1986 Community Planrun1 • Citiu and Iha BicnaionaJ Vision • Recyelill& • Community Glldcn&na· Floyd Col.ay. VA · Ouobol • Two BiorePonaJ VMwl • Nudec Supplemau Fo11"1tt Oamu. Oood Medicine; Visions ln the traditional Cherokee Indian belief, the creatures in the world today arc only diminuitive fonns of the mythic beings who once inhabited the world. but who now reside in Galuna'ti, the spirit world, the highest heaven. But a few of the original powers broke through the spiritual barrier and exist yet in the world as we know it. These beings are called with reverence "grandfathers". And of them, the strongest are Kanati, the lightning, the power of the sky; Utsa'nati, the raulcsnakc, who personifies the power of the earth plane; and Yunwi Usdi, "the littJc man", as ginseng is called in the sacred ceremonies, who draws up power from the underworld. Each is the strongest power in irs own domain. Together they are allies: their energies compliment each other to form an even greater power. As medicine allies, they represent the healing powers of the Appalachian Mountains. The medicine powers of Karuah have been depicted in a srriking T-shin design by Ibby Kenna. Printed in 5-color silkscreen by Ridgerunncr Naturals on top quality, all-cotton shirts, they arc available now in nil adult sii.cs from the Kan!:ID journal. "To show respect for this supernatural trinity of the natural world is to in turn become an ally in the continuing process of maintaining harmony and txililnce here in the mountains of Karuah." To order, use the form below. ISSUE FOUR ·SUMMER 1984 Wauz Orum • WIU# ~ • Kudzu • Solw Eclipse • Cturcuuma • TJ'OUI • Ooin& ., Wala R11n Pimps • Micl'oll)'dro • Poems: Bennie Lee Sinclair. Jlm Woync Miller ISSUE EJGKT - SUMMER 1985 Cclebn11on: A Way or Life· Ka1u.ih 18.000 Yeat11 Ago Sacred S11es • Folk Atu in lhc Schools • Sun Cycle/Moon C)lolo • Poems: Hilda Downer Chtrok.ec Hcnlige C.-nu:r • Who Owns Appalshui? ISSUE NINE· FALL 1985 The Waldce Foru1 • The Trees Speak • Migra11.n& Fore.ts • Horse Louin& • Startma a Tree Crop • Urbln Trea • Acom Bread - Mylh lune Address Enclosed is $ to give this ejfort 011 extra boost WINTER 1987-88 Phone Number ISSUE FIFTEEN • Spring 1987 Coverlets . Woman Forester • Susie McMahan Midwife Ah.emaltvo Contraception • 81osuuali1y · Biorcaionalism and Women • Good Medicine: M.in.tcharial Culan ·fad ...,....... ISSUE SIXTEEN· Summer 1987 Helen Waite · Poem: Visiona in a Garden • Vision Qucsl • Fant Plow lnitiaLion • Leamin& in lhe Wildcrneu · Cherokee Ollllcnge • ·va1uin1 Tn:cs· ,~---- ISSUE SEVENTEEN - Fall 19117 Glady • Bear Su.y • M1chad PellOn • Boan Good Medic-inc: •findina Albcs• • Bcai Hun1.1n1 • Champion • "8C&I"." Poem • Grecns "Old Oaluics:" Poem. ·uuering" Back Issues Issue # .@ $2.00 = S_ _ Issue # @ $2.00 = Issue#_@ $2.00 = S_ _ Issue# .@ $2.00 = S_ _ Issue # _ _@ $2.00 = S_ _ Complete Set (2-11, 13-17) @ s20.oo =s__ T-Shins: specify quantity color tan s__ S_ _ M_ _ L_ _ XL_ _ Zip I can be a local contact person for my area Arca Code Siovcmake(s NanaU..e • Good Med1"1ne: lnlalpecies Commurucauon Regular Membership........ SlO/yr. Sponsor.........................$20/yr. Contributor.....................$50/yr. State ISSUE FOURTEEN· Winsa 1986.87 Uoyd Carl Owle · Booaen and Mummas - AU Spcciu Day • Cabin Fever Univeniry • Hamel- in Kan.ah • Homemad& Hot Wall:l ISSUE SEVEN · SPRING 1985 Sustainable Economics • Hot Spnnp • Worker Ownership • The Creal Economy · Self tlolp Credit Union . Wild Turkey • Re1ponsible lnvcstul& • Wcn1Un1 m the Web or Ufe For more info: call Mamie Muller (704) 683-1414 City s,.._ ISSUE SIX • WINTl!R 1984-85 Winsa Sohlicc l!&ttl> Caemony • Hancpun.n River • Comins or lhe UgJu • Loa c.btn Rooca • Mounwn Ap;culnne: The Rill>' Crop • W-llliam TayI«· The FD!ln or lhe l'oml J(AilJAH: Bjoregional Journal oflhc Southern Appalachians Box 638; Leicester, NC; Kauiah Province 28748 Name ISSUE THIRTEEN · Pall 1986 Cenler FOT Awahnin& ·Elizabeth Callari· A Gentle Dealll • Hospice • Eme.1 Morgan • Dcalin& Crarively wilh Death • Home Bmial: 801 • The Wake • The Raven Mocker • Woodllorc ud Wild"'OOC!a Wisdom • Good MDC!iciroo: The Lod&e ISSUE FIVE· FAU. 1984 HltVest • Old Waya in Cherokee • Oinscn1 • Nuclear Wuie • Our Cd11c Hcritaae • Biore&ianahsm; Pu1, Present. md Fulllre • John WilllOIY • Hui.in& ~ • Pohta or Participalion @ $9.50 each........... .$_ _ TOTAL PRICE= postage paid $_ _ KATUAH-page 31 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians Records Description An account of the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, later simplified to Katúah Journal, was published from 1983 to 1993. A quarterly publication, it was focused on the bioregion of former Cherokee land in Appalachia. The early issues of the journal explain the meaning of the Cherokee name, Katúah, and why the editors wanted to view the world through a bioregional lens, rather than political boundaries. A volunteer production, the editors took a holistic view in tackling social, environmental, mental, spiritual, and emotional topics of the day, many of which are still relevant.  The Katúah Journal was co-founded by Marnie Muller, David Wheeler, Thomas Rain Crowe, Martha Tree and others who served as co-publishers and co-editors. Other key team members included Chip Smith, David Reed, Jay Mackey, Rob Messick and many others. This digital collection is only a portion of the Katúah-related materials in the W.L. Eury Appalachian Collection in Special Collections at Appalachian State University. The items in AC.870 Katúah Journal records cover the production history of the Katúah Journal. Contained within the records are correspondence, publication information, article submissions, and financial information. The editorial layouts for issues 12 through 39 are included as are a full run of the Journal spanning nearly a decade. Also included are photographs of events related to the Journal and a film on the publication. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived This resource is part of the Katúah Journal Records collection. For a description of the entire collection, see <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/937" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Katúah Journal Records (AC. 870)</a>. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The images and information in this collection are protected by the Copyright Law of the United States (Title 17, U. S. C.) and are intended only for personal, non-commercial, and educational purposes, provided proper citation is used – i.e., Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians Records, 1980-2013 (AC.870), W. L. Eury Appalachian Collection, Special Collections, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC. Researchers are responsible for securing permissions from the copyright holder for any reproduction, publication, or commercial use of these materials. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1983-1993 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource journals (periodicals) Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, Issue 18, Winter 1987-1988 Description An account of the resource The eighteenth issue of the Katúah Journal focuses on vernacular shelter: log, frame, stone, yurts, earth-shelters, and membrane houses. Authors and artists in this issue include: Sam Gray, Adam Cohen, Greg Olson, Marnie Muller, Scott Bird, Rob Messick, Snow Bear, Rita Sims Quillen, Julia Nunnally Duncan, Michael Hockaday, Rob Messick, Martha Tree, Barbara Kirby, Colleen Redman, Bern Grey Owl, Douglas A. Rossman, David Wheeler, and Christina Morrison. Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, later simplified to Katúah Journal, was published from 1983 to 1993. A quarterly publication, it was focused on the bioregion of former Cherokee land in Appalachia. The early issues of the journal explain the meaning of the Cherokee name, Katúah, and why the editors wanted to view the world through a bioregional lens, rather than political boundaries. A volunteer production, the editors took a holistic view in tackling social, environmental, mental, spiritual, and emotional topics of the day, many of which are still relevant. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1987-1988 Table Of Contents A list of subunits of the resource. Protecting the Dreamer: Vernacular Values in Architecture by Sam Gray.......3 Dreams in Wood and Stone: Building Your Own Home by Adam Cohen.......5 A Mountain Home by Greg Olson.......8 Homemade Houses in Katúah: A Photo Feature.......9 Listening to Earth Energies by Marni Muller.......10 Earth-Sheltered Living by Scott Bird.......11 Membrane Houses by Rob Messick.......13 The Brush Shelter by Snow Bear.......14 Resource List: On Building and Design.......15 Solar Composting Toilet.......15 October Dusk: Poems by Rita Sims Quillen | Review by Julia Nunnally Duncan.......16 Good Medicine: "On Shelter".......7 The Future of the Black Bear: Conference Report.......19 Natural World News: Caldwell County Incinerator | Smokies Wilderness Bill | Poachers Caught | MRS in Congress | Forest Service Plan Appeal | Duke's Coley Creek Project | Asheville Recycling Center.......20 A Children's Page.......23 Drumming: Letters to Katúah.......24 "A Bourn of Buds": A Poem by Michael Hockaday.......7 Webworking.......30 Note: This table of contents corresponds to the original document, not the Document Viewer. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Sylva Herald Publishing Company, Sylva, North Carolina Subject The topic of the resource Bioregionalism--Appalachian Region, Southern Sustainable living--Appalachian Region, Southern Owner-built houses--Appalachian Region, Southern Dwellings--Energy conservation Vernacular architecture--Appalachian Region, Southern Cherokee Indians--Dwellings High-efficiency toilets Geomancy North Carolina, Western Blue Ridge Mountains Appalachian Region, Southern North Carolina--Periodicals Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/937"> AC.870 Katúah Journal records</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a title="In Copyright – Educational Use Permitted" href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-EDU/1.0/?language=en 8" target="_blank"> In Copyright – Educational Use Permitted </a> Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Appalachian Region, Southern Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. <a title="Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians" href="https://omeka.library.appstate.edu/collections/show/79" target="_blank"> Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians </a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Journals (Periodicals) Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1980s Appalachian History Appalachian Mountains Appalachian Studies Black Bears Book Reviews Cherokees Children's Page Earth Energies Electric Power Companies Forest Issues Good Medicine Habitat Hazardous Chemicals Katúah Katúah Organization Poems Radioactive Waste Reading Resources Recycling Shelter Turtle Island Western North Carolina Alliance Wilderness Women's Issues https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/b7c30c6ce7c5fb288b9fbaf8533bfb00.pdf e4fb1233504bfc8d0f823864df5a94b2 PDF Text Text ISSUE 19 SPRING 1988 $1.50 BIOREGIONAL JOURNAL OF THE ~OUTHERN APPALACHIANS �©~ Postage Paid Bulk Mail Permit#18 Leicester, NC 28748 P.O. Box 638 Leicester, NC Katuah Province 28748 ADDRESS CORRECTION REQUESTED �The Perelandra Garden ...... 3 Spring Tonics .............. 6 Rooting Blueberries ......... 7 "First Dogwoods" a poem by Michael Hockaday .... 7 Gardens of the Blue Ridge .... 8 A Visit with Granny: An lnterVlew with Carolyn Port ... 1O Flower Essence ..... . ...... 13 The Origin of the Animals: Plants have been in communion with the human species for thousands of years. Only recently with the advent of the mechanical age have we relegated them to muteness. a story by Clyde Hollifield . . . . . . 14 ''Sacrament," "Rain Has Come Again:" poems by Janeice Ray ......... 15 Good Medicine: "Power" .... 16 Be A Tree .......... ...... 17 Natural World News ........ 18 Drumming: Letters to Katuah .......... 22 A Children' Page . .......... 25 Events ... .. .............. 28 Spring Gathering ........... 29 Webworking ............... 30 In the past, plants have shared their information with us. They have told us which of their species is good for medicines, for healing, for food, for making musical instruments ... They have whispered songs to our ancestors ...and poems. They have sent dreams our way...and visions. We share a sacred bond with plants. Our "world" depends on their world. Even from the beginning, photosynthesis was essential in allowing our species to eventually occur. Today, sharing the earth's atmosphere...exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide with each other... reflects how intimate our connection is. In fact, at the heart of the relationship is "exchange". We receive nourishment from plants ... not only for the physical body, but also for the psyche. They daily reveal to us visions of rootedness, stillness ... vibrancy and life. The plant world holds the memory of what a bioregion is...what it looks like in its wholeness. By listening to the plant world, we can tap our own underlying sense of what this region could be... how to re-inhabit Katuah. As we begin to become more conscious, we see how power and creativity can be used to enhance and celebrate the heartbeat of the ecological processes here rather than disrupt or destroy it. The plant world can participate in a vital way in this internal reawakening . Plants can partner with us as we explore integrating the human species into the ecological symphony of this place. Whether in a garden, in a grove...or in wilderness, we can begin to develop a co-creative partnership with plants, where once again, they speak to ~ �EPlTORTAL STAFF THIS ISSUE; Scott Bird Christina Morrison Mamie Muller Jack Chaney Sam Gray Michael Red Fox Sally Mander Manha Tree Rob Messick David Wheeler THA NKS TO: Julie Gaunt. Ellen John, Brooks Michael, Judith Hallock, Tom Hendricks, Kathleen Mclaughlin, Karen W.i1.ldns-Deckct. Susan Laird, Chip Smi1h, Joe Roberts, John Peuie, Manha & Dean, and Cclo Communi1y. Cover: Manha Tree Invocation: Rob Messick EPTTORTAL OEFTCE nos ISSUE: Worley Cove, Sandymush Creek THE SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN BIOREOION AND MAJOR EASTERN RIVER SYSTEMS PRINTED BY: Sylva Herald Publishing Co., Sylva, NC WRTTEUSAT: TELEPHONE: (704) 683-1414 KiWah. Box 638 Leicester, NC Katuah Province 28748 Diversity is an imponan1 elemeni of biorcgional ecology, both nn1urol and social. In line with this principle, KatCiah tries IO serve as a forum for 1.he discussion of regional issues. Signed articles express only the opinion of the authors and are no1 necessarily lhe opinions of the KatU/Jh editors oc staff. The lniemal Revenue Service has declared KaJiia.h a non-profi1 organizatioo under section SOl(cXJ) of the lntcmal Revenue Code. All conuibutions IO KaJliah are deduclible from pcrsooal income 13X. Let !he center of the earth Be my heart Aod the laod be mv shell Let the soil be mv cells Aod the rock be rrrv bo!la U!t the water be my blood The ocean be my pulse And a• rivers be my veins Let the atmosphere Be mv bream And the seasont be my senses As the spirit lives Let its growing bring a change Aod plant the seed of its continuance For all things will return To the elements from which they come In being one Sl'ATEMENTOF PURPOSE Here in the southern-most heartland of the Appalachian mountains, the oldest mountain range on our continent, Turtle Island; a small but growing group has begun to take on a sense ofresponsibility for the implications of that geographical and cultural heritage. This sense of responsibility centers on the concept of living within the natural scale and balance of universal systems and principles. Within this circle we begin by invoking the Cherokee name" Katuah" as the old/new name/or this area of the mountains and for its journal as well. The province is indicated by its natural boundaries: the Roanoke River Va.l/ey to the north; the foothills of the piedmont area to the east; Yona Mountain and the Georgia hills to the souih; and the Tennessee River Valley to the west. The editorial priorities for us are to collect and disseminate information and energy which pertains specifically to this region, and to foster the awareness thaJ the land is a living being deserving of our love and respect. living in this manner is a way to insure the sustainability of the biosphere and a lasting place for ourselves in its continuing evolutionary process. We seem to have reached the fulcrum point of a " do or die " situation in terms of a quality standard of life for all living beings on this planet. As a voice for the caretakers of this sacred land, KalUah, we advocate a centered approach to the concept of decentralization. It is our hope to become a support system for those accepting the challenge of sustainability and the creation of harmony and balance in a total sense, here in this place. We welcome all correspondence, criticism, pertinent information, articles, artwork, etc. with hopes that Katfuzh will grow to serve the best interests of this region and all its living, breaJhing members. - The&Utors KATUAH - page 2 SPRING - 1988 �'The Pere.Candra Clarden: Cooperation JJi,th N atu.re 'LnteUU}ences It is in a garden that we have a special opportunity to enter into a purposeful relationship with the Earth and its creative energies. MachaeUe Small Wright has been working with these energies in her garden in a specific, conscious way for over a decade. She refers to them as "nature intelligences." Machaelle's garden, called Perelandra, lies a few miles east of the Shenandoah Valley in Virginia. Perelandra, meaning "of the heart", began as a small family homestead and has now grown into a nature research & learning center. There, she teaches co-creative gardening, produces flower essences, and publishes books and tapes based on her experiences. Machaelle's first book, Behaving As If The God in All Life Mattered (1983), is an autobiographical account of how she came to garden in cooperation with nature intelligences. From Behaving As If the God in All Life Mattered: ...One evening in early January 1977, I walked into the woods and announced in a loud, clear voice, "...I want to work with devas and I want to work with nature spirits. I invite all of you to make yourselves known to me. I am ready to learn from you." Then I left the woods, returned to the house, put myself into meditation and waited. At the time of "my declaration," I didn't know what I was doing. But years later, l realized that I had used a oercmony to ground a shift that was taking place in me. Ceremony is a physical vehicle used to ground energy from a higher level, thereby giving it form and greater accessibility to the people involved in the ceremony. It's a tool designed to give clarity and form to energy. To accomplish this, we use special settings, actions, words, music... whatever is appropriate. On that night in January, I moved through a ceremony. I made a clear decision about what I wanted. I chose the woods as my setting. Then I moved through a seric:s of physical actions via the use of words. I stated my mtent Clearly SPRING-1~88 and simply. I invoked to myself what I felt I would need to carry out my intent. Then I scaled my declaration by physically acting on it -- by going into meditation and opening myself to whatever was to happen next The response was immediate. In fact, I. had the same experience that Dorothy Maclean had at Fmdhom when she first connected with devas. I had a "crowd of voices" coming at me, all talk:ing at the same time - all telling me that it was "about time." I connected in with them and found that they had been waiting for this for some time. I remembered that in the Findhom book, when Dorothy described this experience, she said she simply asked the devas to speak to her one at a time. Having nothing to lose, I tried the same thing. Much to my ama~ment, they responded instantaneously. And from that pomt on, I received one devic voice at a time. Behaving was followed in 1987 by The Perelandra Garden Workbook: A Complete Guide to Gardening with Nature Intelligences. This book is a step-by-step manual for anyone wishing to develop a relationship with the devic levels and nature spirits. In this excerpt, Machaelle describes her understanding of these presences and their distinctive characteristics. From The Perelandra Garden Workbook: ... "Deva" is a sanskrit word meaning body of light. This has little correlation with what I experience when I am open to the devic level, but I accept the word. The devic level is the architectural dynamic within nature. It is the force that formulates every individual aspect of form on Eanh. It is the creative force which determines the size, color, shape. weight, texture, taste, life cycle, and requirements of all form, all of nature. Each form has inherent in it its own deva. There is, for example, the • continued on Delli pqc Editots' Note: In her book:s, Machacllc baa chosen to follow lhe conventional mode of grammar, ic. "he" ralher lhUI "1/he" or "one"; "mankind" ralher lhUI "bwnankind"; etc. Becauac lhc pusagca cc diJcct excap!S. we have left them u they arc. - continued on next page --·KATUAH - page 3 �Deva of Soil, the Deva of che Shasta Daisy, the Oak Tree Deva, the Carrot Deva. Each deva holds, as in a computer bank, all the specific information relative to its form. It also holds the information pertaining to how its individual natural form fits into the grand scheme of things both on Earth and within the universe. If there are to be any physical changes made -- for example, changing carrots from the color orange to pink - they must be made within the devic level in order to maintain natural balance. Change made through the pure will and desire of us humans disregarding the devic dynamic is called "manipulation" and results in a weakening imbalance and becomes part of the ecological disaster we are experiencing... ...There is another distinguishing feature about nature spirits that will help you understand them and the differences between them and devas. Nature spirits are regional. Although I do not have a phalanx of little people visible in the garden, I do have my group of nature spirits who are connected to this land and what is happening here. Your connection will be with your own group. They are an intelligent reality that is individuated enough to be connected with specific geographic areas on Earth. Devas, on the other hand, are universal in dynamic. When I contact the Carrot Deva, I touch into lhe very same intelligent reality someone in China would touch into when making the same contact. ...Here is my understanding of nature spirits. In Behaving .... I referred to nature spirits as the blue collar workers within the realm of nature intelligence. I still hold to this imagery today but feel it is simplistic. My work with the nature spirits has convinced me that they are truly masters of understanding and working with the concept of bringing spirit into matter, energy into form. They tend to the shifting of an energy reality which has been formulated on the devic level and assist the translation of that reality from a dynamic of energy to form. In short, they constantly work with the principle of manifestation on Earth. They also function in a custodial capacity with all that is of form on the planet. That is, when not interfered with by us humans, they tend to the care and needs of all physical reality, assuring perfection within form. .. Machaelle depends on a systematic communication with the devas and nature spirits to inform her about every aspect of the garden, including what plants go in which locations, soil preparation, and how to deal with insects and animals. She consistently affirms that "the backbone of the Perelandra garden is communication." From The Perelandra Garden Workbook: .. .I happen to be someone who feels deeply that this communication is possible for everyone. We are talking about a natural partnership between humans and nature and it is not meant to be exclusive. It only stands to reason that there be simple ways for us and nature to communicate with one another. There have to be language frameworks that are just waiting to be developed. I see the communication problem as being similar to the problem that arises when you are faced with someone from another country who speaks a language that is completely foreign to your ear. There isn't one sound they are making that strikes a familiar note. We can back off the situation and say, ''This is impossible." Or we can tackle the situation together with the other person, begin to learn each other's language, and devise additional techniques for communication. This is what I've done with nature. I've worked to develop techniques which we can use for the purpose of sending and receiving information. And it's not difficult. In fact, it's embarrassingly simple. But that's as it should be. The workbook gives complete instructions on how to use the form of communication that Machaelle has found to be most effective - kinesiology. In the following passage, she explains the principles of this technique. From The Perelandra Garden Workbook: ...Simply stated, if a negative energy (that is, any physical object or energy vibration that does not maintain or enhance the health and balance of an individual), is introduced into a person's overall energy field, his muscles, when having physical pressure applied, will be unable to hold their power. For example, if pressure is applied to an individual's extended arm while his field is being affected by a negative, the arm will not be able to resist the pressure. It will weaken and fall to his side. If pressure is applied wl\ile being affected by a positive, the person will easily be able to resist IUld the arm will hold its position. To expand on a more technical level, when a negative is placed within a person's field, his electrical system (the electrical energy grid contained within the body) will immediately respond by "short-circuiting," making it di.fficll]t for the muscles to maintain their strength and hold their position when pressure is added. When a positive is placed within the field, the electrical system holds and the muscles are able to maintain their level of strength when pressure is applied. Original Drawings by Kore Loy McWhirtt:r SPRING - 1988 �This electrical/muscular relationship is a natural pan of the human system. It is not mystical or magical. Kinesiology is the established method for reading their state of interaction at any given moment. It is most commonly used today by wholistic physicians, chiropractors and the Touch for Health people. What does this have to do with "hearing" information from the nature spirits and devic levels, you ask. Simple. If you ask a question using the yes/no format, they can answer your question by transferring a yes (positive) or no (negative) into your energy field. Then you read the answer by testing yourself using kinesiology... For good communication, Machaelle emphasizes being outside in the garden space, achieving an inner quiet, and vocalizing one's requests. She then affirms the importance of asking simple, precise questions and being willing to act on the information and ideas received...even if they challenge one's conventional concepts. The workbook provides detailed information on how to formulate these questions. It also includes many insights and practical tips that Machaelle has gained from her own experience in the garden. From The Perelandra Garden Workbook: ...It has been over ten years since I began gardening under the tutelage of these nature intelligences and the result has been a garden in which all inhabitants, be they animal, mineral or vegetable arc truly compatible with one another. Each member of the garden enhances the health and well being of all the others. And this includes the bugs. The garden is inclusive, not excl usive. I do nothing for the purpose of repelling. The focus is to create a balanced, wholistic environment in which all within that environment arc enhanced. The results are not only more food than I know what to do with, but also food that has contained within it a very high level of life energy - light. ...The Perelandra garden thrives because of the approach I have been taught and the underlying consciousness and reality that motivates the approach. What l'm going to describe to you in this book docs not fit comfonably into the recognized notions of tradition, logic or even sanity. Be that as it may, it works. And that's what drives traditional gardening thinkers a little nuts. Everything you know which has gone into establishing your sense of order, stability and balance, in other words, logic, both in your garden and your life away from it, will be constantly challenged. For you see, this gardening is, in fact, a metaphor for the whole of life. As you change how you approach the garden, you will, in turn, change the very fabric of how you approach your life. '"~7~,.....~~t In addition to the specific information that Machaelle obtains through kioesiology, she also receives more extensive messages from the nature intelligences. In both books, she includes these messages that have deepened her understanding of herself and her garden. (1be devic voices are indicated by italics.) From Behaving As If The God in All Li/e Mattered: ... As each deva came into my awareness, 1 noticed that there was a slight shift in vibration, that each had its own vibration. After awhile, I could recognize which deva was entering my awareness. This led me to develop tho ability to call upon specific devas by "aiming" my awareness for the deva's own vibratory pattern... Overlighring Deva ofthe Garden We urge you to join our creative process. When you planr a seed, invoke the deva and nature spirits connected with that seed. The seed is the door between you and the various energies that are drawn rogether on the devic level and cared/or by the nattue spirits. Once you have planted the seed, put our the call for the deva to draw together all the individual energy components of that variety. Ask that the natwe spirits receive the energies and, in essence.fuse them to the seed. The seed contains the potential of the plant's perfection. The grounding of the plant's energy into the seed activates that potential and transfonns it inw reality. As you call the energy into form, see its energy channel wuch into the seed as it is growuled by the nattue spirits. By joining in our creative process in this manner, you will begin to see the importance of worldng with the nature energies with clarity. We urge you to plant the garden in this new way and see the difference yow clear panicipatkm as a co·creative partner with us makes i11 the germi11arion ofthe seeds and the qualily ofplant growth. · continued on page 24 KATUAH - page 5 �dandelion can be used throughout the growing season. but to avoid bitterness you need to look for new growth and young plants. Spring Tonics! The docks, dandelion, roostard, sorrel and lamb's quarters can all be used as cooked greens. V- 0/ets can also 1 be cooked, but I have never bothered. They are too good raw. When cooking greens it's best to pid< a lot because they cook down. Most can be thrown into boiling water and cooked, but dandelion leaves should be started in cold water and brought to a boH. by Lucinda Flodin A s I sit poring over seed catalogues, looking for bargains on untreated, non-hybrid seeds, scheming and dreaming my gardens. plotting crop rotations, remembering ga"tr:Jens past, wishing gardens future. feeling in my rooscles the reminders of turning spring soil - I remember a time not too long ago when I thought one could not have food without the hard work of digging, planting, and weeding. Lamb's Quarters M ind you, gardening is work I love, especially in the springtime, but in recent years I have disct:Jvered the joy of foraging for wild foods, food that is Earth's gift - available at the cost of some study and a walk in the sunshine (although some plarts I hardly have to leave my door to find!). I feel a wonderful balance when I take a break from the garden to seek out a treasvred wild food which grew gloriously without my help or work. It gives an insight into how the Earth worlcS..... who, after all, really grows the food. I start to forage early, pulling bad< snow looking for that first new growth. By the time spring arrives •officially" there is food abounding - rooch moffJ than I find in my garden at that point. This is a time when mountain people tonic with wild foods, knowing their health will be more vigorous year round. It is a tradition worth embracing. My favorite cooked green is poke, which roost be cooked when young and tender. ff the stems are red or the plant is over 12" high, it is too old, because it becomes poisonous with maturity. The roots and the seeds are medicinal, but they are poisonous and should be used under the guidance of an experienced herbalist. Some folks will say that poke should always be eaten cooked. I always do, but I have seen ffJCjJes that cal for it raw. Another fine cooked green, ff you don't mind the hassle, is nettle, the stinging variety. Anyone who's ever been caught in nettle knows the respect the plant requires. Long pants, long sleeved shirt and heavy gloves are necessary to gather and handle it until it's cooked or dried. Repeated cookings, each in fffJsh water, get rid of the stinging hails. It's a wonderful food rich in vitamins A and C and high in protein. It is also a lot of wolk. I always gather a bunch to dry for nettle tea in the winter. There BffJ so many edib/8 plants and so many ways to eat them. An old timer is a great ally in teaming local plants. and theffJ are also many books that contain good pictures and important information. I am fond of Foraging For Dinner by Helen Ross Russell, Roda/e's Herb Book, and also the Foxfire books. It is important to know your food plants, because there are others which can poison you. Early spring salads can begin with a base of sorrel rumex and sorrel moxalis. Rumex sorrel can be eaten in great quantity; moxalis sorrel must be eaten In small amounts to avoid too much oxalic acid. Both have a slightly sour taste. I add small amounts of the more bitter plants - dandelion, cress, and the docks (yellow, curled, or burdock) - using very young leaves because they get more bitter the bigger they grow. I try to pick dock leaves before they have completely unfolded. In early salads I also use leaf lettuce from my greenhouse, and I add in violet leaves and flowers as soon as I see them. Violets are also a favorite hiking food, a nice munch while you walk. Later in the spring saxifrage comes in season, followed closely by lamb's quarters. a great salad green which will carry you to the first frost. Late spring salads are also nice with purslane leaves and shepherd's purse leaves. Dock and Plantain A nother way to prepare spring foods is green drinks. Rll your blender with leaves • violet, plantain, mints, dandelion, or other tasty greens (either singly or as a mix). Cover with water and whiz in the blender until it is a pretty green color. Strain and drink immediately. I have heard that you should blend green drinks for at least a minute, but that makes a powerful drink, which Is too heroic and strong for most. When I use bitter plants In a drink, I add a lot of mint to sweeten it. Some vegies like carrots w11 1 also sweeten the taste. Experimentation will lead you to the tastes you like. Green drinks have become a standard In our home when the children decide to hate green food. Then they get a ChOice - they can eat a salad or drink a green drink • it's the same great nutrition whichever they choose. Ramps are a food which people either love or love to hate. I love them - in moderation. The blend of onion and garlic taste is a wonderful seasoner to food. A few ramps will season a pot of beans or a mess of greens. Try them cooked if you don't like the strong raw taste. Ramps are not only good tasting, their lily·like appearance makes them one of the prettiest plants. Violet KATUAH - page 6 illustrations by Ellen John SPRING - 1988 �rooting blueberries After a warm rain, when the darl< blue violets bloom, the morel ~shrooms grow. They Jove old apple groves in the fn!'Untams.....and they are the highlight of spring foragmg. Morels are all one piece and they are hollow. f went rooshrooming ona tifn8 with a neighbor to be sure I could cfistingufsh the right kind, before I set off on my own. Morels are fun to hunt, beause they hide In the undergrowth. Sometimes one will appear beneath your feet, as though in that instant it had magically popped to full growth. .... perhaps by Will Ashe Bason it did. In my kltehen the best meal of springtime happens in May when we have stir-fried rafTfJS, morel rooshrooms and asparagus with a wild green salad. To me it's Thanksgiving spring-style • knowing that each food is there because the Earth grew It, and we were blessed to find it. We look forward ~ to it and celebrate It. The Earth Is good to us. P' Scientific classifications and vitamin/mineral information on above mentioned plants: Nettle (urt/ca d/oica) • contains almost all vitamins and minerals necessary for human growth and health. Vitamins A, C, 0, K. Calcium. potassium, iron, sulphur, silicon, copper. Lamb·~ quaners (Chimopodium abum) - contains calcium, silicon, follc acid. Dandelion (Taraxacum otricinale) ·contains vitamins A, 81. 82, niacin, C, E. Calcium, phosphorous, potassium, magnesium and many trace minerals. The bast at(angthener of tha liver. Yellow dock (Rumu crispus) • Fully absorbable, non-consllpating source of iron. Burdock (Att:tium lappa) • Vitamin C, iron. Watercress (Nasturtium ofrlcina/e) • contains Vitamins A, 81, E, calcium, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, Iron, manganese, flourine, copper, sulphur, Iodine, zinc. Plantain (P/anlago ma;or) - contains calcium, potassium, sulphur Sorrel (Rumex aa.tosa} • oontains iron. Violet (Viola psp/lionacea) • contains vrtamin A, calcium Shepherd's purse (Capsella bursa-pa. toris) - contains s calcium, Vitamin K. A great remedy for all bleeding problems Poke (Phytolacca amerlcana) • contains vitamin A. C, calcium. Lucinda Flodin lives a1 Moon Dance Fann in Hampton, TN where she crea1es herbal health care products, Moon Dance Farm Herbals. Moon Dance Farm, Rt. I , Box 726, Hampton, TN 37658. First Dogwoods Now I don't know what is going on. These days I wale the fJBJds with tears in my eyes. Spring is so lovely l follows fn8 around and gives mB shame. In quiet little D~minations of the moment, when rlJbons of light descend between the ic.B and snow, my heatt achBs with death and dying itto the nBW land. Sure it is good to bum li<e the eatth with desire, and then by aystal beauty to be cooled. Each brief rainshower glistens the air so the sollBI)' trees in first leaf glow li<e candles on the mountainsides. During spaC6s between the birds singing so freely, my lamentation unfolds. My mind bursts open like the hard·held ctUst finally gona to green. My woe Is akin the whispers of an errant breeze enveloped and carried off by the long west winds. SPRING · 1988 © ev'J B lueberries are an excellent crop for Katuah. They bloom late enough to almost always escape spring frosts and love acid soil. Here In Floyd Co. VA we doni have the high quality wild blueberries found in most of the rest of Katuah The oldest planting I know of is a half acre in the Riverflow Comroonity that is seven years old and doing very well. Last year, as my friend Alta was pruning the Riverflow blueberries, we decided to try to root the prunings. Alta put the prunlngs Into water In which I'd placed willow cuttings several days before. The willow has magic rooting enzymes which the blueberries lack. Chris, my wife, cut these prunlngs Into pieces about 3 or 4 Inches long, and dipped their tower ends In rooting hormone powder. She then Inserted the cuttings Into a propagation frame filled with a mixture of half sand and half peatmoss. T his frame was oovered with a layer cl plastie and then a layer of burtap. The plastic keeps the environment humid and the burtap reduces the amount of sun to a tolerable level We made our frame 2' by 4', from 1x4's and with a bottom of hardware cloth. We made the ribs for the covering from some bent rebar we had but bamboO, lath or pvc pipe would wort<. We watered the cuttings mostly with comfrey and with a ittle manure tea We took the poly oover off in June and the burtap off In August although I think this last could have been e811ier. We had about a 90% soocess rate and some cl cuttings put on 6 inches of new growth. We were worl<lng with highbush varieties but this year we are rooting some rabblt-i!ye varieties as weU. These are larger bushes and though oonsldered less oold tolerant than highbush or lowbush, some are thriving in the riverflow oomroonity and we are at neal1y 2500 feet at the northern tip of Karuah. Rabbit-eye blueberries fruit later than the hlghbush and, In our area, continue till frost. They are supposed to be harder to root. -Will Ashe Bason / KATUAH - page 7 �.. ©~ rot\li Ejardtns "f-t11e 13(11f. 'RiJ,t.. ...Each displaying its own particular beauty beneath the young sunshine and soft waters ofspring · ...Each with its own particular niche in tMwoodland habitat benelllh the tall rrees - the right balance of fll()iscure and light, the particular soil that will encourage its growth. ...And each with its own unique capabilities and strategies for sustaining life and reproducing its ldnd. The world of the forest wildflowers is simultaneously one of exquisite beauty, rigorous specialization, and demanding competition. Though the soft colors and delicate textures of their blossoms delight the eye in springtime, these plants have evolved through eons of stress. and change to prove their sturdiness and resiliency among the life forms, great and small, inhabiting the Appalachian forest. Their magical appearance in the spring, their apparent daintiness, and their impossible beauty, have enchanted the human beings of every age. And in these days, when people want their affluence to be tasteful, there is a resurgence of interest in purchasing the small wildflowers of the eastern forest for shade gardening and home landscaping. KATUAH-page 8 There are several companies now catering to that interest, but none have been in the trade longer than a small concern located off Highway 221 near ihe smaU town of Linville, NC at 4,000 feet elevation in the heart of Katuah province. The Gardens of the -Blue Ridge was begun in 1892 by the family of a surveyor named S.T. Kelsey. The sense of power and grandeur around nearby Grandfather Mountain had always atttacted people to the area. In Indian times it was known as a sacred place of power. In Kelsey's day, Grandfather Mountain Corporation and the Linville Improvement Co. were founded on a cenain reverence for the area's durable real estate values. Kelsey was called to use his surveying skills to help parcel out the lands at the Grandfather's feet. He liked the area and bought a tract for himself for the nursery from which he sold ornamental shrubbery. A young man from the area, Edward C. Robins, took a job at the nursery and worked there steadily until 1923, when he bought the operation. Since then the Gardens of the Blue Ridge has been a Robins family enterprise. Members of t~e fourth generation of Robins' are now worlcing in the company. For a time E.C. Robins carried on the business as Kelsey had left it to him. He dug a tremendous number of nati\'e rhododendrons, azaleas, mountain laurel, and dogWood trees and shipped them by rail throughout the East. As a sideline, he also collected and sold the small woodland wildflowers. . But the ornamental shrubs trade grew more competitive, and the native varieties began to be eclipsed in the eyes of wealthy buyers by new hybrids developed especially for the color, holding capacity, and brilliance of thei{ blooms. Robins decided to deal exclusively in wildflowers and began a tradition that the family has adhered to since. In those early days of the Garden's development, the trees still stood tall in many areas of the forest. The ground was largely clear beneath the great trees' massive crowns, and hunters and bikers could still stumble into clearings carpeted in ginseng or brilliant with the color of an extensive colony of pink ladyslippers in full bloom. In those days it seemed that the forest would never die, and .the wildflowers would always grace the forest floor. Robins employed 30 - 40 men digging, transplanting, and shipping shrubs and flowers. They dug wherever they could and took all they could find. Trilliums and lilies were popular at the time, and Robins shipped thousands of individuals of the various trillium species, the (now rare and endangered) Gray's JiJy, (Lilium Grayii) and the Tur.k's cap lily (Lilium superbum) to the eastern cities. As he became more completely committed to the wildflowers, Robins gathered all the local varieties he could find, until he was offering 200 varieties of plants. E.C. Robins lived until 1969, when he died at the age of 93. Today the Gardens of the Blue Ridge is run by hrs son, Edward P. Robins. The company still offers 159 varieties of flowering plants, 22 varieties of native fems, and 38 types of trees and shrubs. But the plants are now propagated almost exclusively in 10 acres of mulched, raised beds at the nursery. Logging practices and extensive development were largely responsible for changing the face of the forest, and it was in the late 1940's -and early 1950's that the Robins realized that the supply of local flora was limited and that their methods of coUecting were helping to diminish the supply. The family shares with their customers a deep appreciation for the subtle beauties of the native wildflowers. So, once begun, the transition to nursery propagation was made swiftly. In 1969 ginseng (Panax quinquefolium) became a protected plant in the state of Nonh Carolina. Now the small plant known as shortia or Oconee bells (Shortia galacifolia) and the medicinal plant golden seal (Hydrastis canadensis) SPRING - 1988 �are also registered plants, requiring a special certificate to accompany each individual sold. Pink ladyslipper (Cypripidium acaule) in all probability will soon join the list. The Robins family follows scrupulously all regulations for producing and selling the native plants. They note that by making wildflowe~ available, they are relieving pressures on the wild natives and that they are actuaUy aiding several species of wildflowers to survive by spreading them as domestic plantings, while their native habitats are being destroyed or drastically cunailed. In particular, they have helped ex.tend the range of shortia by shipping it throughout the East. The plant grows on runners and is easy to establish, if it is planted in a moist spot or kept wet until it is well secured. E.P. Robins remembers one private wildlife preserve in western Massachusetts where they planted "thousands, literally thousands" of shortia as a ground cover. Pink ladyslipper is harder to establish. The plant depends on a relationship with a particular variety of funius that lives in the soil close to the plant roots. Wherever 1t is planted, pink ladyslipper will prosper for the first year, but unless the soil is such that it can produce the particular strain of symbiotic fungus, the plant will soon languish and die. Once the business of collecting native plants '+'as strictly a matter of stamina and endurance. E.P. Robins remembers fondly the day when the company received a permit to collect plants on some land near the North Carolina-South Carolina state line that was to be cleared by Duke Power Company. "We dug 10,000 shortia that day." But idiosyncrasies such as that shown by the pink ladyslipper make propagating the wild plants in nursery beds more a question of familiarity and accurate attention to detail. The demand for the graceful natives has been steady through the years, and there is room for new companies to enter the field. "There's good prospects for this business," says E.P. Robins. ''It's always been steady. Even during the Depression it was a good business. Wildflowers are becoming popular, so the demand might go up for awhile. But we have all the business we can handle right now, so we don't care if it goes up more or not.'' Breaking into commercial wildflower raising requires more initiative and careful attention than capital. It is a business that can sran small and grow to whatever ~ize is desired. But it is slow work. While most of the flower varieties are easy to raise, some varieties have special requirements that can only be learned through long familiarity and by suffering through mistakes. It takes time to establish a market and to~ain a reputation. "We never got rich," says E.P. Robins, "but we didn't expect to get rich, and we're making a living. As long as we keep our bead <tbove water and have a liltle, that's all·we ·:.:· ..... .·· ..·: :-. ·. .! ·. shortw ·:·..·. . ·: ... ©~ Shortia, Oconee bells (Shortia galacifolia), the mystery plant of the mountains of western North Carolina was first discovered by a French botanist, Andre Michaux, on December 8, 1788. He had been sent to America by the French government to seek new plants that might be of value ro France. In his search through western North Carolina and eastern Tennessee, Andre Michaux found and described many new species and carried back to France pressed specimens to be placed in the Jardin des Plantes in Paris. Some were labeled "unknown" and among these was a leaf and root of this plant from the mountains of western Carolina. care." Perhaps many botanists studied the specimens with M identity over a period of the next fifty years. In 1839 Asa Gray, a young American botanist, became intrigued with a specimen and recognized it as a new genus, and wrote a scientific description of the genus from the single specimen in France. To lwMr Dr. Charles W. Short, an able botanist of Kentucky, Gray devised the scientific name of tlte genus, Shortia. And, since it resembled galax, the species name became galacifolia. But growing the native wildflowers offers rich rewards in satisfaction. The international reputation for quality plants developed over the last 96 years by the Gardens of the Blue Ridge is obviously a source of d~ep pride to Mr. Robins. Propagating the native wild plants is an occupation that takes little from the land and offers much in the way of natural beauty. And it is good to walk beneath the tall trees and see the colors of the flowers shining in the spring rain. ~ Gray soon returned to America and began his search, high in the mountains ofNorth Carolina and Tennessee.for shortia. In 1842 Dr. Gray was appointed professor of nanual history at Harvard University. For 38 years on every field trip high in the mountains of North Carolina, Gray hunted for the elusive slwrtia. He found many plants and published manuals on botany, but always the little specimen in Paris continued to haunt him. Sources for wildflower plants: - Gardens of the Blue Ridge P.O. Box 10 Pineola. N.C. 28662 - Appalachian Wildflower Nursery RL I, Box 275-A Reedsville, PA 17084 ,P' Further reading: Growing and Propagating Native Wildflowers. Harry Phillips (UNC Press; Chapel Hill, NC. 1985) SPRING - 1988 Then, on an April day in 1877, George HytllnS went fishing in the Catawba River in McDowell County. His father was a botanist employed by Wallace Brothers of Statesville, NC, whose firm collected plants for pharmaceutical purposes. Nodding and swaying in the breeze were some charming bell-shaped, waxy white flowers, on slender stems, with irregularly-toothed petals, growing from a roserre of wavy-margined, roundish, shiny evergreen leaves, similar to the familiar mountain galax. George decided to take a piece Jwme to his father. Mr. Hyams did Mt know the plant, but it looked so interesting that he sent a specimen to Dr. Gray at Harvard University for identijicaJion. Dr. Gray replied, "You have smmbled on what for many years I have tried so hard to find." continued on page 26 KATUAH - page 9 �;- -- - ____.,._...,..,. _ _,_ -- -- ---·-------~ F'inclitUJ Out Abou t lka!int] with Plants .... A Visit with Granny An Interview with Carolyn Port by Karen Watkins-Decker and Christina Morrison Carolyn Porr has been a practitioner of herbal medicine in Burke County, NC for over 50 years. She has also given lectures, classes and workshops on herbology and will soon publish a book of herbal remedies. As a single woman, Carolyn raised two adopted childre11 and now has several grandchildren a11d great-gra11dchildren. She is fondly referred to as "Granny" by family and friends. Katuah:: How did you begin your work? G r anny: I'm a registered nurse. I also carried a midwife's certificate for years until retirement age pushed me out K: How did you become specifically interested in the use of herbs? G: I don't know that I was more interested in herbs than anything else. The body is a whole. If it's sick one place it's sick all over, and it needs help all the way around. Anything that brings it back to normal is good. K: Yet you've found that herbs treat the whole body better than olher medicines? G: Yes. I believe that herbs build health as well as treat symptoms. And if an old woman told you that wall link tea would save a baby's life that had bold hives, you'd try it. K: What is wall link? I've never heard of it G: It's a kind of lichen that grows in spring have to take a knife and scrape those little roots off to make it clean enough for the baby. Editor's ll()te: Wall·linJc "lichen" is actually a type of liverwort (probably Marcha!ltla polymorpha). conjectured to bt among the very first plants to exist on land. It is interesting that such a primitive plant is healing to humans in our tarly stages of developmen1; i.e. infancy. branches. Some people call it "turkey tracks." K : Where did you gather all your knowledge? From your own experience? K: And bold hives - what kind of illness is this? G: People told me things just like I'm G: I don't really know. I think in the medical profession some would say that there is no such thing as bold hives. The old folks said there was. The babies would just tum blue - they'd find them blue in the bed. Some of them broke out in a red rash first. like pimples, and not be able to catch their breath - so they'd die. K: The symptoms you mention remind me of sudden infant death syndrome for which no cause or cure has been discovered. I'd like to know just exactly which lichen you're talking about. G: I can't show it to you as good as if I had you over on the creek bank. It's a deep green • not a green green. It has a ridge right under the center seam and its hair-like roots go down into the moss to get moisture. You KATIJAH - na2e 10 telling you. They told me about the wall link tea and I said I'd remember that and try it and see if it works .. .if I need it • and I did need it again for a baby that was JO months old. They called me in the night and I went. The baby had been blue for two weeks. They'd had her to the doctor twice and in the hospital once for a day or so. It didn't do her any good - still she was blue and beginning to get the red rash. Quick as I got there, I gave her a hot and a cold bath to stimulate circulation and it pinked her up right away. She seemed a little more alen, but as soon as she was out of the bath she began to look blue again. So I asked if anyone knew where I could find some wall link. They said there was some in an old spring half way down the mountain. I asked if anybody would go get some. One woman said she'd go if I'd go with her; nobody else wanted to - they knew how bad the road was. (she laughs, remembering). We took a pine pitch torch and climbed down the mountain at 2 o'clock in the morning and gathered wall link. I got a nice handful of it and went back and made some tea. When the baby got a taste of it she just drank that bottle Hke she'd never had anything good before. And before she was through she began to get pink. I stayed around to 5 o'clock when I was sure she was alright, and then I went home... and that's the way I got the remedy. K : From what age did you begin paying ancntion to these things? G: I decided I was going to be a nurse when I was just three years old. My mother was a nUTSC and while she treated people I treated my doll. I'd give my doll an enema and then hang her on the clothesline by her toes to dry. (laughs) K: Your mother took care of people at home too, just as you do? G: Yes, and my father was a veterinarian. K: Did your mother use many herbs? G: What she knew she used. For instance, when they learned that raspberry leaf tea would stop hemorrhaging we always kept it on hand. She used blackberry roots for diarrhea; things like that K: Did you and your parents work together? SPRING - 1988 �G: Yes. When we moved here (to Morganton) in 1920 we built a home across K: Do you have any' favorite plants that you work with? the street. We had three private room units and an upstairs for father and mother. We could take up to 4 mothers with their babies. G: I just get whatever people need. rve also got a greenhouse full of aloe and I use K: So that's when you became a midwife? G: I was a midwife from the time I finished school in 1929. K : You already had your degree by the time you were 20? G: Yes. You didn't have to finish high school back then, so I went straight into nursing school. Then when I was about to finish up, they said I couldn't take the stare board exams because I was 100 young to become a nurse. But my supervisors worked things ou1 for me to take the exams anyway and I made a 98 average. K: Do you use any standard medicines in your practice? G: I never have. That's the reason I didn't nurse in a hospital professionally. I had 10 find some other way to help people, because I'm not going to give others something I won't take myself. K: And how did you develop that attitude? Did your mother have that approach? G: Yes. She never gave drugs. She was an old Battle Creek, Mich. graduate if you've ever heard of that school. When she was there it was in its heyday. It was around the tum of the century and they had patients from all over the world. They used many kinds of therapies like hydrotherapy, diet, herbs ...as well as standard medicine. K: That must have been quite a departure from the general trend in the rest of the country. G: Yes. They believed the body was the temple of God and they treated it that way. They used very few drugs. K: Seems that possibly we've gotten away from the use of herbs because people have come to mistrust them - they're unknown, unfamiliar. Maybe if we stan using them more we'll come to trust them again. G: We've got to. K: They can even become like old friends. G: You wouldn't think that the humble little violet would cure stomach ulcers - bu1 it does. K: Do you gather most of the herbs you use? G: Yes, I love to... but I don't have time to pick many. And I try 10 get people to gather them on their own. If they're going to get any real lasting benefit they'll have to learn 10 do it themselves. That's why people don't doctor with herbs - they think it's too much trouble to get out and hunt for them and fix them up. it for lots of things - it helps people with cancer who are losing strength, its good for the stomach if drunk· as a juice... ! make suppositories with it for hemorrhoids or vaginal infections. And of course for bums there's nothing that takes its place. So, many herbs li,kc aloe can be used for different things, but when you think of a malady you should use the plant that's the I!!Qfil ~ for that problem. For instance, aloe is good for the stomach but if you have an ulcered stomach and are having pain, violet leaf tea is the thing you wanL There are also lots of remedies for colds, flu and bronchitis, but the best one l know is a tea made from mullein and cockleburrs (xanthium pensylvanicum)... the cockleburrs really make it taste good. And the beauty of it is, you can put it right in a baby's bottle just dilute it a little. (see REMEDIES) G: Comsi1k tea and Queen Anne's lace tea are good for kidney ailments too. A woman came to me who was going to the hospital the next day to have one of her kidneys taken out as she had so many stones in it. It was right in the summer when Queen Anne's lace was in bloom all over the place. I told her I believed I'd try some Queen Anne's lace tea before I had an operation. She said, " Alright, I will." We went up on the hill and galhered flowers and stems to make the tea. I told her to drink a cup every thirty minutes 'til bedtime and whenever she got up in the night to use her chamber pot she should drink some more. Well, by morning she'd filled that pot up half-way, but the bottom of it looked like red clay In." thick. Those stones had dissolved. And as far as I know, she's never had that problem again. Editor's note: Queen Anne's lace (Daucus carota) somewhat resembles poison hemlock (Conium maculatum). Be sure to know the difference. K: My neighbor's baby often has colds I'll recommend it. G: You know, when you give a child herbs you're giving them a kind of nourishment they don't get any other way. And it seems to immunize them to that same malady. They won't have it nearly so quickly or so badly again, and they'll get over it faster. K: Why do you think the medical profession has gouen so far away from using herbs? "Of course these common weeds we walk over all the time, like dandelion and chickweeds, are some of the best - if you can get to them before the mower does!" G: How would they make any money with it? Oaughs). I knew a doctor once whose little girl nearly bled to death with a nose bleed. I told him to give her raspberry leaf tea to stop the bleeding - and he did and it worked - but he didn't seem interested in finding out why it worked or in using it again. K: What do you think about when you're harvesting herbs? G: I think about how quick I can get this person enough plant to do some good Oaughs) and get home and get it fixed up. And I don't get to go out and harvest all the time. If I did I might be like the man I know who went up on the parkway towazd Jonas Ridge. There was a whole bank of ttailing arbutus there and he decided to gather some. He'd filled a bag half full when a lady patrolman came along and asked him what he was doing. II was against the law up there to pick those leaves, so she took them and put them in the back of her car. He told her, "I hope you know what to do with them!" K: What arc ttailing arbutus leaves used for? G: Kidney stones, or as the old folks say, "gravel" ...some folks call arbutus, "gravel weed" because it eases the pain in passing kidney stones by dissolving them. K: Sounds as though it's been a useful and well-known remedy. K: How did you learn to identify plants? G: We always studied nature in our family. Sabbath afternoons we'd go for hikes in the woods and look for bmls and flowers ...and whatever we didn't know we'd look up. Of course these common weeds we walk over all the time, like dandelion and chickweeds, arc some of the best - if you can get to them before the mower does! Chickweed is a wonderful little weed. K: ... and it tastes so good fresh. G: Yes, and it's a good wash for any skin ailment. But it's not only the wilder plants that arc good, we have tame things like marigolds and calendula which arc good for salves. K: You use marigolds? I use those for a dye. G: If you grow them in your gazden they keep the bugs off your plants ... and a tincture of them will keep the bugs off your head! A young'un of mine got uce at scnool and we rubbed the tincture into his scalp and wrapped it in a towel overnight. Next morning we washed it out and that was thaL (see REMEDIES) You can also dry the blossoms for tea that takes polyps out of the intestines. • continued on next page. SPRING - 1988 KATUAH - page 11 u. OSCO - nn.v '"" �- continued from page 11 K: I never knew marigolds had so many uses! G: Well, when you get started on something you find so many things its good for ... K: What is your feeling about the healing properties of plants - the origin of that? G: God put it there. That's exactly where it comes from. He knows what we need. Now right around here, there's lots of kidney stones ...something in the soil contributes to that problem. There's also a lot of trailing arbutus. It's like an herbalist once telling me to gather stinging nettles and I said, "Yes, if I can stand the sting." And she said, "Wherever the nettles grow you'll find yellow dock - just rub your sting with its leaves and it won't hurt." K: That reminds me of using jewel weed to neutralize poison ivy. Do you primarily make teas with herbs? G: Most herbs do yield their strength best to water - some to cold, some to hot - either boiled or steeped - according to what you need. For high blood pressure you use cold mistletoe tea. (see REMEDIES) But if you've got epilepsy or seizures then you make a hot infusion. (see REMEDIES) K: I know of a dog with epilepsy - maybe it would cure him. (laughs) outlawed in the U.S. And now I've beard they're closed down. I hope its not true. K: Did you keep the literature from that course or do you just remember everything? G: Well, I got all hepped up studying it and ii worked so good...that I got the address of Indiana Botanical Gardens - and what I didn't know I'd order so J could recognize it and test it out. K: Did your father use herbs as a veterinarian? G: Yes, we studied together. One day a man came to us who'd overworked his horse. He said her heart was pounding like a hammer and she was standing with all four legs splayed - wouldn't eat; wouldn't drink. So I fixed some lobelia tea and filled up a big drenching bottle full. When we got to the mare the sweat was running off her in a stream and her nostrils were red and looked like they would burst. We lifted her head and drenched her but only got half of it in her before she reared up and came back down and slobbered. After a while she began to walk around and drink water. He asked if she'd live and I said I didn't know she might have burst a blood vessel. Months later my father saw him again and asked about the horse. He said he'd been logging her everyday. G: Well, you just be a brave woman and drink it down - and drink some water after. K: What if someone's ailments demanded remedies of an opposite kind - of opposing forces, so to speak'? G: Nature fits with nature. K : Lobelia is an herb I've beard you should be careful with. G: Did you ever taste Indian Turnip? Lobelia's like that - very strong. It smells good, but nobody's going to eat much of it. Only a very little is needed for healing. K: I've also heard that the seeds of the poke plant are supposed to be poisonous, although I've eaten them myself. The young shoots are very good cooked Do you use poke? G: Yes, I've given the berries for arthritis (see REMEDIES) and folks have had good results. Some harvest the berries every fall and freeze them to have oo hand all year. K: Staghom sumac berries (rhus typhina) crushed and soaked in water make good lemonade. Have you used them as a remedy? G: The tea is good for bedwetting - helps K: Not quite as hard, I hope! That's retain the urine. interesting - lobelia grows in my holler G: A woman came to me one day and said, where horses are still used for logging... Has anyone ever had a bad ''What can I do for my poor little doggie? reaction to remedies you've prescribed? He's having seizures one right after another." So I said, "Give him some G: I don't give them anything that would mistletoe tea." She said, "That's poison, cause a bad reaction. isn't it?" I said, "They say so - but birds eat it." She said, "Well ..." A couple wee.ks K: Are there any herbs that you finally later I saw her and she said, "What can I do decided to stop using? for my doggy?" And I said, "Did you give him the tea?" She said, "No." So I said, G: Some are easier to get than others...and "Well, just let him die then." And she some taste a lot better than others. looked at me as if I was the meanest thing in Personal) y I like things that taste better. If I the world. I didn't think she was very much impressed. Then a few months later I saw her husband and he said, "Did you hear-the dog's all well." I said, "Good what did you do?" He said, "We gave it mistletoe tea!" (laughs) The dog had gotten so weak he couldn't get into his little wicker bed. He wouldn't drink water and hadn't eaten for days. She put down a bowl of tea and she said his nose twitched and he raised up and began to drink. When he finished she set down another bowl and some food and water. She expected him to be dead by morning. But in the morning the tea was gone, the water was gone, the food was gone and the dog was gone! He was over V'.......~~~*::;:;:·~rt;.l'!D across the carport in his bed. K: What a great success story! So how did you learn how to prepare so many different herbs - was it just from people telling you? G: No, honey, l see what you're after.. .! took a correspondence course from Canadian Herbal College in the early '30's. They had to go to Canada because they were K: Do you have any ideas about the intelligenc.e behind plants? G: The same God that made you and me made the plants. He knows what they need and they haven't perverted their appetites like I have. So they take only the nourishment they need from their environment..! think the.main good we get comes through the life of the plant - from the minerals and food value it gives us. K: It's very pure, isn't it.. G: It gives your body just what it needs. K: Do you feel the plants you gather have any awareness of your picking lhem? G: I don't feel they have a ...what would you say?... a soul...or a menrality. But they do have some kind of feelings and ability to communicate. And I think in the new earth state, after sin is gone, that we'll be able to communicate with animals and plant life better than we can now. K: But you don't feel like you do thar at all now - when you're working with them? G: No...when I'm gathering plants I think Mullein illustra11on b'f Ellen John give people somerhing that tastes good they'll probably use more of it. K: How do you mask the ones that don't taste good? of the good they're going to do. I don't believe in nature spirirs or fairies ... Angels exist, and can lead us to plants, but God is the spirit And He is a personal God. I le made us and He made the herbs. He knew what we needed so He put their healing qualities in them. - continued on page 27 KATIJAH- page 12 SPRING - 1988 �Frower Essences: Harmony wtth Sp£r£t and Nature Flower essences serve as catalysts to awaken the natural life force and spiritual consciousness within us. Each flower essence embodies the hamumious vibrational panern of the particular flower species used, and thus attunes and resonates with specific human energy patterns. The essences stimulate an enhanced awareness and ability to transform limiting attitudes, emotions and behavior into more creative and health-affirming ways of living. Flower essences are liquid, potentized preparations which carry a distinct imprint ofa given flower and only an insignificant material component. They are prepared from sun-infusions ofj[Qwers in water, diluted and preserved with brandy and generally taken orally af~ drops at a time, several tim&r per flower, coltsfoot In the joy of the moment we found the radiance within one another and made our life commitment together, although the golden flower eluded us then. Since that lovely day, coltsfoot has found us often...and in most surprising places... along highways and mountainsides, dry bulldozed places and small streams...during needful, dark and joyous moments. Each time she Earths the Light for us along our journey. Each time she opens us to our own knowing. day. yellow is used to dispel depression. One spring, Edward and I both developed 'lung fevers' - my first, his, a long endured ailment It was this particular Spring that we felt agreement to prepare the flower essence. I'd been relating with friends with 'lung troubles' and this encouraged my own healing. fd been holding grief for so long. The Equinox came brightly and we t.ook our healing bodies to the cold creek to be with the coltsfoot flower. In a sacred way we happily created coltsfoot essence, with her permission. Her radiant light dispelled our 'darkness' and we got welU These essences are completely safe and do not inteifere with and are not ajfected by other medications. They show a lack of effectiveness if used improperly but if too much is taken they do no harm. Flower essences harmonize well with other health and growth practices including exercise, nourishing diet, relaxation, balanced lifestyle, and appropriale medical care. Always gentle and strengthening.flower essences bring a continual union between soul and body, Higher Self and personality. The graduiJJ attuning within blends and connects one with one's source. As a medicinal herb, ~o farfm (coltsfoot) is traditionally used for lung ailments. The lung is an "earth" organ and Drawing by Shell Lodge Cottsfoot ~tooc£t"oot C oltsfoot is the earliest blooming flower here where we live in Katuah, appearing in February before the cold snows have finished melting. Blooming fully bright, coltsfoot brings her Promise of the Light and Radiance of Spring from the deepening regenerative forces of Winter's Dark. In early Spring, before leaves cast shadowy images, petite candles stand erect on hardwood forest floors. Arriving at dawn, one can lie amongst their glow. As the sun warms the day, one then can watch the delieate unfolding petals of the beautiful bloodrool flower. A single protective leaf shelters this flower in her early development As it matures, the candlelight shoots up from the leaf and opens to fullness. Then the forest ground covering is a myriad of white stars with glowing golden centers. Heaven laying to rest a s~ll on Earth...Spirit blossoming with matter. Her special way of responding to the sun lends to us knowledge of her use as a flower essence. She follows the arc of sunlight across the blue Heavens then closes up silently to the cold night awaiting the Sun's ever re-appearing warmth for opening each day. The large green leaves developing at the end of her flowering season grow in the shape of a " colt's foot" and tell us of her ability to ground us as well as enlighten. My husband and I affectionately call coltsfoot our initiator. On a clear sunshiny day along a delightfully cold rushing mounrain creek, Edward and I searched the banks and boulders for signs of the radiant yellow ray F eelings of my sacredness flow while in the presence of Red Puccoon ( Indian for bloodroot). a revelation of my opening psyche. My initial experience of using bloodroot flower essence came like the swift flooding river over rapids, gurgling forth in living affirmations. Life affirming words came pouring forth from my being, streaming out. fd been struggling with the use of affirmations, but no more! I experience their inner wadrings now; I foci surprise and delight and laughter. The aeative process of receiving the Divine Feminine within began blossoming. T hrough this process Bloodroot becomes my friend ...sharing her self wilh me through the opening of my feminine psyche...and being so intimately here with me while I clear the cobwebs from my ancient cauldron. The exhilarating union with my feminine creative spirit and ageless wisdoms is coming home using bloodroot flower essence. As an herb, this member of the poppy family is known to be internally poisonous in all but small doses. The red root was used medicinally to make tinctures and decoctions for internal use , and external washes for skin Edward & Elaine Geouge are flower ess~nce infections. When freshly dug, the root of sanquinaria canadensis bleeds a red juice. Dried lovers living in Yancey Co., NC ga1herinY' flowers and wisdom to co-create flower and powdered roots were used by the Indians essences with Nature in KaJUah. as a dye and as a body paint These Appalachian Gower essences are available lhtough Flower Essence Services, P.O. Box 586, Nevada City, CA 95959. A.sic ror the research flower essence list. SPRING - 1988 KATUAH-page 13 �THE ORIGIN OF THE ANIMALS by Clyde Hollifield " lam a storyteller. You can take this story any way you want to - as a dream, a Ue, an exaggeration, a vision, or as the truth. l am only required to tell the tale. " Long, long ago, at the dawn ohime, there were only plants upon the Earth. No people, no animals, no birds, no fish - only plants. At first the plants were rather meager. T here were onl y algaes, liule mosses, lichens, and fems, but gradually they grew into larger species. The early trees began to develop. If you look at the geological record, you will see that animals came into existence about the same time that plants began to develop fruit, nuts, and grains. Of course, the animals could not have existed before this, because there would not have been anything to eat. Here is how it came to happen. Plants bad evolved for millions of years before any animal was even thought of. For eons they had experimented with dispersing seed using water and air as carriers. For a lot of the plants, this was a problem. Some, like the milkweed, bad learned to send their liule seeds on parachutes through the air. The cattails and the rushes experimented with floating seeds that were carried to the other shore of the lake and took root there. But many of the other plants could only drop their seed at the base of their own stem, and were thus crowded out by their own offspring. As the plants evolved, and their intelligence grew, some among them began to discuss a radically new way of dispersing seed. The oak trees, in particular, were precocious plants. They watc hed the mistletoe, the only mobile plant, which had no roots and flew from one oak tree to another. From this the oak trees got an idea: they would devise a small, living creature that could move !lllml around from one place to another, as the mistletoe was able to do. They called together the hickory trees, the walnut trees, the hazel, and all the other nut-bearing trees, and they made their plan. It being such a new idea, it was difficult at first to convince the other plants to allow it. "It'll never happen." "Ridiculous." "Go away," said the other trees, but the oak tree persisted. (Oaks are very persistant trees) .T hey agreed that they would design their creature so it would not harm the environment or intrude on the living spaces of the other trees and plants. They also agreed to provide total care for this little "animal" creature. You have probably guessed already that the animal they were devising was the squirrel. His job would be to plant oak seeds at some distance from the parent tree. lo exchange, the tree would offer him a place to live, hollow places in which to take shelter, and food in the form of acorns and nuts. They finally completed their task, and, as you can see to this day, the plan KATUAH- page 14 worked very well. A squirrel will get a mouthful of nuts, run down the tree, and go off into the woods a little way. Then he will dig a little hole, plant the seed right side up, and pack the din back around it very carefully. Then be will promptly forget where he's planted it. That's the business of the squirrel; it's in his nature. With the help of the squirrel, oak trees began to become a dominant tree on the Earth. The other trees began to think that maybe this was not such a silly idea after all, and the persimmon tree, the serviceberry, and the pawpaw got together and decided to create a creature of their own. The persimmon tree suggested an idea, and they all thought it was a good one, and carried it out. They made the possum. The possum was different from the squirrel. It was completely nomadic, it never denned up. This was an improvement because they did not have to provide the possum with a home, only food. The fruit trees were not as determined as the stout nut trees, and the possum was the lazy approach to making a squirrel. The fruit trees did not waste a lot of energy filling up the possum's brain housing. The possum, therefore, is not quick and clever like the squirrel. Face it, a possum is dumb. But the possum does not have to be smart, because it has a natural design advantage. It eats the sweet, ripe fruit off the trees. Then, as the possum meanders on through the forest, the fruit passes through its body, and when the possum is a good distance from the parent tree, the seeds are deposited .among tho leaves, neatly packed in a small bundle of fertilizer. But neither squirrels nor po5sums can cross large bodies of water;·and some of the other plants began to think that they would have a big advantage if they could come up with an animal that could fly. What a totally outrageous idea! None of the other plants thought it would work, but a daring group of plants - blackberries, blueberries, mulberries, and even cherries got together on it, and so many of them were working on the plan that they actually made it come about. They took the best features of the possum, passing the seeds through the digestive tract, combined with the brightness of the squirrel, and they designed their creature with wings and a new invention, feathers and this new being a bird - actually flew! With their mobility and sense of purpose, birds could fly to where a crop of berries were ripening, eat these, and fly, often for hundreds of miles, to where other berries were coming into season, depositing their seed packages along the way. These plants, too, took care of their own particular creature. They gave the birds materials to use in building a nest and a safe place back in among the briars or high in the tree branches to protect themselves and safely raise their young. The new idea worked splendidly, and there came to be more and more birds of all sizes and varieties, and at the same time more new and different animals were being created as well. SPRING - 1988 �But what plant devised the human beings? This is a question that bas baffled science for centuries. Some say that the humans were thought up by the intestinal bacteria. but l happen to know that the apple tree was responsible. The apple tree felt that life was becoming too confusing, because there were too many kinds of apples. Each young tree created from seed was different from its parents, and when the young ones crossed, they themselves produced entirely different types. It was a dilemma that required a quick and drastic solution. So the apple tree devised a creature with the intelligence to help them reproduce by cloning. In this way a strain would remain true to its original form. This required a creature with special qualifications. This creature needed to be able to graft a tree, and, when the graft was established, to transplant it in a good location, and then wait seven to ten years before being rewarded with any apples. This was a remarkable achievement. None of the other trees had created a creature that could do that. It took a coalition of different kinds of plants - the apple tree and other fruits, the grains, and the vegetables - to create and sustain the human animal. The new "animal" system was turning out to be successful beyond any plant's wildest expectations. The plants were doing extremely well. and there was hardly a pan of the Earth that they could not coloniz.e. But too much was happening at once. It was too much to control. The fust sign of trouble was when some lower orders of plants. being too lazy to take the trouble to devise and maintain their own animal or bird, grew seeds that could ride in other animal's fur. These were the hitcbikers: cockleburrs, beggar lice, agrimony, and others like them. This was just the beginning of the troubles. The animal kingdom that the plants had created took on a will of its own, and new animal species began appearing that the plants bad never dreamed of. Animals apppeared that ate the flesh of other animals and were not under the control of any of the plants. Other animals began to manipulate the environment to their satsfaction. Beavers, for instance, began gnawing down their host trees to build dams and lodges. Shocking! Before this only the plants had done anything to change the way of the world. A bad day came when the humans discovered fire. With fire they became the greatest threat to the plant world that had ever appeared. They could start fires, but they were not so proficient at putting them out. The humans made a lot of mistakes and did a lot of damage in the early days when they were learning how to manage fire. · The beautiful system the plants had created was careening out of control, and the plants could do nothing to bring it back into balance. The plant kingdom began to go on the defensive against the very creatures they themselves had created. Poisonous plants developed, vines and brambles appeared to hinder the animals' way through the forest. Long prickers grew on the locust tree and other plants that had never bome thorns before. The humans, their most complex creation, turned out to be devilishly adept at cutting, cleating, digging, and poisoning the SACRAMENT Candlemas Day divined one blue violet. Yesterday trout lilies were spawning down at the creek. I have saved a beeswax candle; there will be other times to celebrate the rites of spring: the planting of peas & potatoes, signs of urging warmth, a stirring of the earth, the surging of the body to stir the earth. One honeyed candle burns at an altar of lilies. bringing the poems of spring to light. -Janeice Ray RAIN HAS COME AGAIN Rain has come again after the dryest spring recorded deep in me the garden has leapt these past weeks-mullein sends up spires in the moonlight. The four o'clocks burn a bush of sweet purple, effigy of efflorescense. The garden is a dense verdant mass of growing summer vine & bush & stalk screaming recklessly open to foraging bees, wasps, bugs, birds, me. I think I have seen it climax, baptiz.ed in pale the night of the last full moon of summer, wide wide open and singing with life. Flowers of luffa glow yellow and grow long. Vines vein white; leaves in a mad ebb of chlorophyll drink in the sudden abundance of water and are reborn. The mute sundial casts gray & wan. Stolons passing underground fountain into spearmint. These are the showers of blessings. From the wetness comes redemption. - Janeice Ray - C01llinuod on page 21 SPRIN,9 - 1988 _ KATUAH-pagel5 �(These are lhe words of a traditional Cherokee 111-0dicinc person.) ON POWER There are three types of power, and they are: Power over others or power over ideas. This is the power to force other people to do certain actions, whether they would like ro or not. Personal power. This is the power of will. This power can bring ideas into physical form. A person can also use this power to step into a negative situation and change it into a positive situation by simple strength of will. The third kind of power is spiritual power, and this kind of power comes when one is connected to the Greater Life, which is the totality ofcreation. We must recognize that we are only a part of a greater whole. Then we will be able to receive spiritual power. This is the greatest power ofall. To attain spirirual power, one has to be open to it. This is done, not by cultivating a strong desire for spiritual power, but by recognizing a need for that power. This creates a hole or a space that the spiritual power can flow into. In the story of the Garden of Eden, it was separation, not fornication, that was man and woman's original failing in the Garden. Separation from the Greater Life is the source of all our limitations. We limit ourselves by emphasizing and valuing our egos, our fears, and our prejudices. This limits the spiritual power we can contain. We cannot be changed by the spiritual power if we indulge ourselves by dwelling on our limitations. What if your mother did do something that was not right to you when you were a kid?! The hell with it! We all have to continue and to live our own lives. Ask some spiritual people the simple question "How are you doing?" and they will say "Oh, I'm working on...... " and give a whole involved list of what they see as their personality defects. These people devote a good part of their attention and energy to what is holding them back, instead of thinking about how far they have gotten. If those people would think about how far they have gotten, they would be amazed at the resources they have to work with and what they could do. If they would share those resources and put them to use, they would find that they would grow mucli faster than by "working" on their limitations. 0 ne way to overcome our limits is by serving unselfishly. Most people begin to practice this in order to increase their spiritual power. This is ''serving selfishly," but service becomes a habit that is performed without thinking, and then it begins to woik. Another way to gain spirirual power is by practicing unconditional love. This means to love somebody without requiring that the person do something, be something, or act in any particular way to "deserve" that love. What a strong magic this is! Fasting is also useful in helping to become conscious of our limitations. We may feel that we cannot go four days without food or four days without food or water. But when we accomplish that, even if there is some bitching, we learn about how we can go beyond our limits. Praying is talking to the power of creation. When praying, express your feelings clearly. Any person who would pray for 15 minutes every day would witness remarkable changes in themselves and in the world. It does not maner how you identify the Spirit to which you pray. The action and sincerity of praying will bring amazing changes in just a few months. We have been told not to pray for ourselves, but to pray on behalf of others. The only thfog to ask for oneself is the strength and endurance to continue to serve the Creation and to help others. Praying is a humbling activity, because prayers must be humble to be sincere. A sincere prayer is powerful and can bring about real accomplishments. When even just one person is convinced that something is true, the power of that belief is enough to set changes in motion. If only one person sees an obvious injustice and knows that it is an injustice, that is enough to change the situation a little bit It may appear that nothing has happened, but if one person out of 100 can be changed, then much has been accomplished, because an idea grows like a seed, and once the seed is planted in someone's mind, that person will change somebody else, and the idea will keep growing and spreading in that way. Spiritual power is greatly magnified in the circle of the people. We need to get over our separation - literally - and come together to pray. If 20 people who are fairly clean inside gather together in the circle and hook into the power, that group could accomplish almost anylhing. Of course if there are people working in opposition to the goals of thls group. that limits the degree of unity that can be reached. And, of course, we cannot eliminate negativity and evil. If we did, there would be nothing in the world! Each of the opposing forces, positive and negative, is the basis for the other, but the negative can be neutralized or deflected by people's focussed energies. How is this done? On the spiritual level we do not try to defeat other people or their energies. Instead we 1ransform them by bringing them to the awareness that the world is a unified and connected entity, and that we are not separate from the world or from each other. Thus we achieve our goals by increasing the opposition's spirirual power! Conjuring in the traditional Cherokee medicine is a way a medicine person empowers his or her prayers. To bring about a healing, a medicine person first would pray and then would do conjuring, which is acting out the cure and seeing the result already accomplished. The act of conjuring opens part.S of the mind that do not act through verbalization and focusses the deeper power of the mind on the task at band. The old-time conjurors knew that praying does not take the place of action. The old Cherokee belief is: "You put the seed in the ground before you pray for the crops to grow." You do your work, and then you hook into the Greater Power to bring it to fruition. This is very sincere, very humble. The physical work is an important part of the magic. - continued on page 26 KATUAH - page 16 SPRING - 1988 �BEA TREE by Brian Ellis The following is a brief exercise I use frequently with children at camp and with adults at conferences. You may want to adjust the vocabulary to the child or group you are working .with. Be sure to add lots of pauses... and speak In a soft voice. F ind a tree that you feel really drawn towards, one that speaks of beauty...perhaps, one that you may have climbed in your youth. Stand facing that tree. If a small group, hold hands encircling the tree. Then, begin to center down, breathing deeply and relaxing. (At this point, I introduce the idea of "deep listening" or "hearing with your inner ear".) Ask, "Have you ever been sitting quietly, maybe thinking about a problem, and all of a sudden you hear a voice inside that tells you what you need to know? Or have you ever sort of known something and not known exactly where it came from? Well, that's a kind of deep listening. What we are going to do is to let our "inner ear" open to what this tree may want to share with us. Some of you might hear a song, a poem, or a story of what happened here long ago. For some of you it might be a feeling, pictures, or Images. Continue to breathe slowly and deeply. Keep your eyes closed and focus your attention on your feet. Wiggle your toes a little. Now imagine that you are growing roots. Feel your roots sinking down Into the soll, sprouting out In all directions. And like a tree, draw energy from the earth. Feel warm, healing energy flowing Into your roots, into your feet and legs, up your strong straight trunk. Feel Iha! energy coming from the earth up into your heart, shoulders, arms, and head. SPRING - 1988 Now Imagine yourself growing limbs, reaching out in all directions. Send earth energy from your body, up, out into your branches. Draw the warmth of the sun into your leaves. Feel the warm light soak down into you, filling your heart, filling your body and sinking down into the earth. Earth energy surging up through your roots; Sun energy pouring down through your branches...and mixing in your heart. Now feel your own heart send love, warm light, into this t.ree. Open your heart to this tree. Allow the love to flow back and forth. Take a few moments of silence and listen with your inner ear to what this tree might have to share with you...open your heart to this tree... (pause 2 - 5 minutes)...and know that you can always reconnect In this way. (again, pause) Now it Is time to finish up. Remember to give the tree thanks...now draw back into your heart. Feel your body becoming human. Feel how strong and healthy it feels to be a human being. Wiggle your toes and fingers, drop hands and stretch. Open your eyes and shake your arms and legs. Feel how vibrant and alive you feel! Now give the tree a hug, maybe a kiss and a deep thank you. At this point, I give folks a chance to share what it felt like to be a tree, or something the tree shared with them. Almost every time people have really powerful feelings of empathy and often some neat idea or bit of wisdom. I remember once a girl shared a real clear image of what the place looked like when the tree was a sprout. Another time a child said, "The tree told me how old it ls...157". I have counted a lot of rings on a lot of trees and I would have guessed it was about 150orso. Please be careful when you lead this exercise with a group. Let them know what they are getting Into and carefully guide them out. Please try it many times by yourself or with an experienced guide before leading others. And make offerings to the spirit of the forest. Mo/ All my relations/ Walk in Balance~ BRIAN ELLIS (alias Flying Fox) /iv9s in Celo, NC. HB is a dynamic storytBllBr, pOBt, and songw1iter as well as a membBr of lhB National Association for the PBrpetuation and Preservation of StorytBliing. KATUAH-page 17 �an issue when dealing with the giant utility corporations, but Duke Power Co. in panicular seems to have a hazy conception of the difference between public service and corporate adventurism. The company bas promised ratepayers in t h e ir recently-acquired NP&L territories that for several years their rates will remain lower than those of Duke customers on !he piedmont. After that promise has expired, however, Dulce's new dependents may find themselves contributing the capital to fuel Duke's continued corporate expansion. NATURAL WORLD NEWS THE LATEST WORD IN NUCLEAR WASTE P ANTHERTOWN SOLD! Nllllr&I Worid Naws Service High at the headwaters of the east fork of the Tuckaseegee River lies a valley called Panthertown. The beauty of the valley's striking features was for many years a secret known only to a few. But Panthertown may soon be crossed by a Dulce Power high-voltage electric al transmission line. The site has recently been the focus of much attention and activity, but for a long time it lay in relative obscurity, the property of the Liberty Life Insurance Company, which limited access to the area. Before last year few people knew of the white, domed cliffs that framed the valley and the sttcams and waterfalls that graced the location. When Liberty Life decided to unload the 7100-acre tract, they tagged it with an aslcing price of $10 million. Congress passed bills in both houses, one sponsored by NC Senator Terry Sanford and the other by Rep. Jamie Clarice of the NC Eleventh Distriet, that appropriated $6 million toward the purchase. But this was not enough for Liberty Life, so the Nature Conservancy, a private land conservation organization, went to work to try to engineer the purchase to bring the prized site into the public domain. For financial reasons, the Nature Conservancy let its option on the Panthenown tract lapse. Immediately Duke Power stepped in and bought up the prope.rty for the $10 million asking price. Dulce is in the final stages of acquiring the holdings of the Nantahala Power and Light Co. (NP&L), and the utility has been rapidly buying up land in the Panthertown area to create a link between the NP&L territory and Duke's other facilities in the Piedmont. The high-profile, high tension wires will span 30 miles to join a station in the Jocassee watershed area to a tie-in in the Tuckaseegee district that links with all the NP&L facilities. The proposed ttansmission line will cost $30 million to build. It is unclear whether Dulce's expressed interest in the Panthertown property contributed to Liberty Life's intransigence in the land dealings. Duke has been willing (and is certainly able) to pay a high price to obtain clear ownership and avoid any public accountability over the route. The corporation has reportedly paid exorbitant rates for small-acreage tracts, so as to have complete control over the proposed right-of-way. That control is now virtually consolidated, and Duke is acting the part of a magnaminious benefactor who might KAUIAH- page l8 - - -~--~ compromise its own interests to accomodate those who wish to preserve the beauty and habitat areas in the Panthertown valley, rather than a public agency that must consider the best interests of all in its decisions. In other words, Duke is holding all the cards, and those who arc interested in keeping the valley in a wild state arc scrambling to petition the company to take the least obtrusive route for the proposed power line. While the utility corporation's first proposal was to run the high-tension wires down the middle of the valley corridor, there are now several alternate routes under consideration. Ralph Bauman, land acquisition officer for the US Forest Service, has indicated that the agency is open to land swaps of adjoining National Forest land to make alternative routes possible. Congressman Clarke's office and the Nature Conservancy are still hopeful of acquiring the unused remainder of the property a fter the locatio n of the transmission corridor is set The route of the proposed power line will affect other areas as well. From the power house at Bear Lake through the magnificent Tuckaseegee Gorge, the Tuckasccgee River valley is pristine with no sign of human habitation. A route should be chosen that would spare the river the massive intrusion of a high-voltage line. The installation of the new power line will be tho culmination of decades of corporate planning and desire on the part of Duke Power. The company has the dubious honor of being known as efficient and effective managers of nuclear reactors, because they have been making their stoclcholdcrs substantial profits from the generation of nuclear power while other utilities have beeen backpedaling from the nukes lilce the proverbial "hot potato." In recent years Duke has maintained an aggressively expansionist stance. Their insistence on initiating a gig antic engineering project to generate electricity on Coley Creek in the Jocassec watershed when the need for that amount of power remains still unproven, and the enormous size of the proposed transmission line that is to penetrate the Panthertown area has raised questions that perhaps the company is contemplating a move into TV A territory in east Tennessee, as the TVA nuclear plants along the Tennessee River are currently inoperable. There has been speculation that Duke plans to install yet another reactor on the shores of the Oconee lakes to funnel power west to accomplish this goal. Public accountability has always been Nllunl Worid News Service Under the t e rms of the Johnston-McClure Bill passed by Congress in December, 1987 an unwilling state of Nevada was chosen as the site of the first nuclear waste repository. The bill also eliminated the eastern repository - which in politicians' language means, "eliminated the eastern repository for awhile." An area overlapping Madison, Buncombe, and Haywood counties in Katilah was considered a lilcely site for the eastern dump. The Monitored Retrievable Storage (MRS) facility, a "temporary" storage area which the Department of Energy is counting on to hold tons of spent nuclear fuel rods that become government property in 1996, was re-ratified in principle, but no construction work may be begun until a site for the first underground repository is clearly decided. As part of the political dealings around the bill, the states of Tennessee and South Carolina were grant.e d immunity from consideration as MRS sites. A . three-person panel will be appointed by Congress to study the need for a MRS facility, which may delay plans for the facility somewhat, and a negative finding by the commission will most certainly strengthen opposition to the MRS. A DOE study at Yucca Mountain, NV, the favored first repository site, shows a strong possibility !hat groundwater contamination may occur. This may delay first repository siting and therefore slow the MRS as well. Johnston-McClure serves notice that if a politically feasible solution presents itself, Congress will seize it immediately to hasten an end to the nuclear waste debacle. The bill does buy us additional time. Meanwhile, heed the words of Congressman Clarke: "We must be prepared to fight any future plans to locate an MRS facility in our region." ENDANGERING AN ENDANGER ED SPECIES T he Roanoke logperc h, an endangered species, will become more endangered if developers and ignorant public officials of Roanoke County, VA have their way. Their plan is IO withdraw most of the flow of the Roanoke River and pump it into the proposed Spring Hollow Reservoir. Even after strenuous opposition from a citizens' group, "Friends of the River" and SPRJNG - 1988 �milder opposition from the US Fish and Wildlife Service and the State of Virginia, a colonel of the US Army Corps of Engineers responsible for the project "leans" toward approval of the reservoir. The question for people interested in the future of the river is, "Arc the profits to be made from this project worth sucking away the habitat of an endangered species?" If the answer to this question seems clear, send a letter of protest to: US Army Corps of Engineers P.O. Box 1890 Wilmington, NC 28401 EVEN CANTON IS DOWNSTREAM Na.tural World News Scrv""' "We have to give quality water to our people!" shrilled C.W. Hardin, the mayor of the town of Canton, NC. A turnabout on the question of Champion International Paper Company's effluent discharge? Not hardly. It was discovered that a faulty wastewater treatment system was discharging improperly treated effluent into the little Pigeon Creek, which feeds into the Pigeon River from which Canton draws its drinking water. The system handles wastes from the Pisgah Inn, a concession on the Blue Ridge Parkway at the head of the Pigeon River watershed. It was Canton's tum to be downstream. Public health officials closed down the old treatment plant, but the inn bas a permit to install a new system that would again discharge imo Little Pigeon Qcclc. Unfortunately, that permit was sought and received without consultation with the Environmental Advisory Board of the Blue Ridge Parkway. The board has among its members Dr. Dan Pittillo and Dr. Garrett Smathers, well-known and respect¢d scientists in the region, who sincerely care about the fragile ridge-top environment the Parkway traverses. "Overload on the original facilities was a contributing cause to the system failure, " said Pittillo, ''but they are adding even more buildings and extending the paved roads in the campground even further. And flushing down oil from the gas station and chemicals from RV chemical toilets is not going to help. Those substances kill organisms in the biological treatment system and will slow or possibly stop decomposition. "The Pisgah Inn is acting like any business: it's trying to get more and more people in. And the Parkway administration is saying everything is alright, but it's not alright. 'They need to remember where they are. That is a very delicate area, and the greatest resource they have up there is the area itself. ''The whole operation needs to be reviewed. Perhaps it is time for a study to determine a ceiling on the traffic the area can handle." Serious questions arise when people throng to a delicate area like the top of the Pisgah Ridge. Those questions are always close to tho surface when vigilant watchdogs like the Environmental Advisory Board and the town of Canton are standing up for water quality. SLOWING THE LAND RUSH NllUnl World News Seivice Two concurrent bills now before the Georgia state legislature offer some relief against the rampant development proceeding unimpeded in the north Georgia hill country. The Senate unanimously passed Bill 393, the Mountain Protection Act, which restricts development on lands over 2200 feet in elevation and with more than a 25 percent slope to one single-family unit per acre. Within the area of the bill's jurisdiction only one single-family dwelling or six-family unit could be built per acre. No structure may extend more than 40 feet above the ridge line. The measure also provides that any land on which more than 40 percent of the forest cover is removed must be reforested. Other minimum standards would require an environmental assessment and landscape plan for commercial construction, a soil erosion prevention plan for agricultural activities, and would permit private logging activities only after a harvest plan had been professionally prepared. A similar bill is now before the Natural Resources Committee of the GA House of Representatives. The House bill has been modified to restrict construction on lands over 1200 feet in elevation that maintain a 33 1/3 percent slope over a distance of 500 feet In other respects the bill as it stands before the House is only slightly different from the measure that passed the Senate. One clause in the House bill attempts to put some teeth into the Soil Erosion and Sedimentation Act by allowing the GA Department of Natural Resources (DNR) to charge counties and municipalities for the services of the DNR if the agency has to move in to enforce the terms of the anti-erosion law. Although the Mountain Protection Act is just a beginning at alleviating human pressures on the north Georgia habitat, it bas attracted a major amount of attention. With the legislative session nearing its close, it is in doubt whether there is time for the House to pass its version of the bill and work out a joint measure with the Senate to give Georgia a much-needed land use Statute. EARTH SHAKE! NlllnU World News Seivice The mountains trembled Wednesday evening, February 17, as a minor earthquake shook Cherokee, Clay, and Graham counties in western North Carolina and parts of eastern Tennessee at 7:30 P.cc. The tremor, centered near Robbinsv11le, NC, registered 3.8 on the Richter scale. No damage was reported. Residents who experienced the quake felt a vibration and beard a rumbling noise at the time of the event. Some reported feeling a brief sensation of being under pressure, as is experienced when one goes deep underwater. ©~ TRACHEAL BEE MITE INVADES WESTERN SLOPE Nallllal World News Service Bee colonies in the Katuab region have come under attack by the tracheal bee mite, a destructive intemaJ parasite. Officials of the Tennessee State Agricultural Extension Service announced that the state bee inspector found hives dying from mite infestations in Greene County, TN and Monroe County, TN during the month of January. The mites are suspected to have arrived in shipments of bees from South Carolina. Once established, the mites spread rapidly. The infestation was first reported within the national boundaries of tho United States only four years ago. Since that time it has spread to locations in 30 states. Bees throughout the region are now under immediate threat of the parasite invasion. Chemical poisons cannot be used inside of bee hives, as they contaminate honey and beeswax in the hive, so commercial beekeepers are deprived of the orthodox method of recourse. The TN Extension Service does not know of any natural defenses the bees have against tho parasite. The only known method to protect bees from the tracheal mite is complete isolation of the hive. Hardest hit by the infestation will be commercial apiarists who routinely import bees and equipment. To commercial producers, replacing lost hives means a financial loss in labor and equipment costs. Honey producers who survive the mite attack will not receive premium prices for their honey, according to the Extension Service announcement, because cheaper, imported honey will make up for any shortage in the regional supply. Allergenics and those who depend on local honey supplies may have to look harder for honey this summer, and there will be fewer honeybees to pollinate the apple blossoms and sunflowers this year. - continued next SPRING - 1988 ~ KATUAH- page 19 �EPA TESTING FOR DIOXIN IN PIGEON RIVER Nllllnl World News Service Who knows what evil lurks in the murky shadows of the Pigeon River? Officials of the Champion International Paper Co. have consistently claimed that it is only the excessive coloration of their corporate effluent that keeps the Pigeon River barren and lifeless below the Canton paper mill in Haywood County, NC. They are fond of deriding "environmentalists'" and other residents' concerns about the river as a big flap based on arbitrary regulations of "harmless" colorants. River fish say otherwise, having deserted the river in droves, leaving only a few species of pollution-tolerant "garbage fish" to inhabit the lower reaches of the Pigeon. Now, alerted by reports of the highly toxic compound dioxin being found in the effluents of other paper-making companies that employ a process similar to that used at the Canton mill, the federal Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has ordered that fish samples be taken from the river to test for that substance, which is a deadly carcinogen. Dioxin was a primary component of the herbicide 2,4,5,-T, which gained notoriety as the defoliant Agent Orange in Vietnam and which came under attack in this country as a dangerous substance that causes cancers and mutations. Fish samples from both the NC and TN stretches of the Pigeon River have been sent to the EPA for analysis. The samples were obtained by an elecao-shock technique that stuns f1Sh within an eight-foot radius of the point of contact with a powerful electrical source.The fish are then gathered and sent to EPA laboratories in Atlanta for testing. Tennessee officials had to return to the river for a second round of fish-gathering after taking initial samples in January, 1988. They did not bring in enough fish in their first try to make an adequate sample. The government fishermen said that the water in the deep pools where they fished was a dark brown color. They complained of the foul smell of the river. Local people living along the riverbanks said that although fish were few in the river, they would catch what they could, untiJ lhrcc years ago when, according to one resident, the fish "had a lcind of blue mold on them and their eyes were funny-looking." Dioxin has been shown 10 pass along the foodchain via small, bottom-feeding fish and into the larger predator fish. Officials from Champion International and the state of Tennessee are involved in protracted negotiations that might perhaps resolve the immediate fate of the river. The EPA has indicated that it would be amenable to ratifying a compromise agreement on color standards for the Pigeon, if one could be reached. The fish say that unless the river is cleaned up completely, they will noc return. The Dead Pigeon River Council (DPRC) is a group of western slope residents who feel victimized by Champion's misuse of the river. The group KATIJAH - page 20 was a strontt voice urging the EPA to undertake the dioxin testing. They also have been persiste.ntly urging the TN Department of Health and Environment to undertake a study of the abnormally high number of cancer deaths of residents of the downstream community of Hanford, TN. An informal survey by residents of the town (population 500) revealed that 167 cancer deaths have occurred there in the past 20 years. The Cocke County commu ' t;y is .locally known as "Widowville." The TN Water Quality Control Board will test Hanford's well for contamination of the local water table by river water pending a review of the EPA 's dioxin tests. ConlOCI: The Dead Pigeon River Council 803 Prospect Ave. Newport, TN 37821 MEETINGS CALLED ON TOXIC SPRAYING Nanni World News Set\lice Carol McGincbey, Mary Ann Delany, and Nancy Barnhardt are three women who litcralJy cannot stand toxic chemicals in the environment. The women, who are from neighboring Floyd and Patrick counties, VA, have body systems that are extremely sensitive to toxic chemicals. They have suffered acute symptoms of poisoning in the presence of chemical insecticides and herbicides. The three arc acting as a liason committee between community people and state agencies on the questions of agricultural and silvicultural spraying. They are meeting with Dennis Anderson of the Vrrginia Forest Service and a representative of the state Agricultural Extension to discuss the spraying of the herbicide "Round-up" to weed out young broadleaf trees, particularly yellow locust, which contend with young plantings of white pines, and the spraying of "Paraquat" as a pre-emergence herbicide oo "no-till" com plantings. Nancy experiences liver problems and respiratory ailments in the presence of the poisonous sprays. "When I feel an aching sensation in the area near my liver," she says, "I start to ask around. If I investigate, I always find that someone is spraying nearby." Carol has more extreme symptoms in the presence of the toxics. Her body reacts with a high fever, sore throat, numbness of the extremities, nausea, and extreme fatigue. "I was laid out in bed for three or four days at a time in several instances last spring and summer," she said. The women maintained communication with Anderson during last year's spraying season. The Forest Service officer said it was almost uncanny how the women pinpointed his spraying schedule through their bodily reactions. The women also approached the Appalachian Power Co. about clearing brush under their transmission lines by mechanical means rather than with poisonous herbicides. The company is now considering the idea. This year the three are meeting with Anderson and the state Extension Service before the spraying season to communicate the depth of feeling that some area residents have about this question and to suggest measures like publicizing spraying schedules so sensitive people can avoid the toxic clouds. "We are going to meet with them in a non-confrontational way," said Carol, "to tell them about our needs and viewpoints, and to seek out any common ground we may have about this issue." "Everyone, whether they know it or not, is affected by these poisons near our living-places," said Nancy. "Everyone who is exposed accumulates those complex chemical compounds within their bodies to the detriment of their life and overall health. Because our special sensitivity causes us to have immediate, visible reactions to the poisons, we have been selected to be the buffer between the sprayers and the general community." Suppon the women advocates of air that is clean and safe to breathe. Investigate toxic spraying in every part of the bioregional province. To offer suppon, or to receive advice and a standard survey form to evaluate the effects of chemical poisons in the local environment. write to: Nancy Barnhardt P.O. Box 417 Aoyd, VA 24091 US FOREST SERVICE RELENTS ON RIVERS Nawn! World News SCNlce 104 miles of eleven rivers in Katuah are among 35 rivers and 98,000 acres of riparian land in the southeast that are at least temporarily protected by agreements with US National Forest supervisors. "Binding comminmcnts" by the US Forest Service (USFS) provide for evaluation of ponions of these rivers to be included into the National Wild and Scenic Rivers System and five 10 ten years of protection while the study is being carried out. Only the parts of the rivers on National Forest land arc presently under consideration. The agreement was negotiated by the American Rivers organization with the assistance of the Sierra Club Legal Defense Fund. Highly pleased with the results of their talks, American Rivers withdrew motions of appeal the group had filed against the forest management plans for the National Forests involved. American Rivers is a non-profit organization seeking legal protections for rivers in the US. FORECAST: CLOUDY UNLESS THE PEOPLE ACT! Nllllnl World News Service Against overwhelming economic, scientific, and ecological evidence, incineration still persists among technocrats as a preferred choice for solid waste disposal. The engineering mentality apparently demands a technological solution to the waste disposal problem, as it has in so many aspects of our society. Yee, when the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced their opinion that incineration of Asheville's dehydrated sewage sludge by the metropolitan Sewage District (MSD) would require no environmental impact assessment, such a squall of protest arose that the agency extended the public comment period, and is now considering public SPRING- 1988 �petitions for a full environmental irnJ?act statement. Local residents and organizations have sent documentation to the EPA that the most favored alternative, biological composting, as well as being cheaper, is ecologically safer. The airborne emissions from incinerator p lants simply move pollution into the upper at:m0sphere, and the leftover ash is in most cases classified as a hazardous waste. Dangerous cadmium levels from industrial process wastes in Asheville's sludge can only be removed by an electrostatic precipitator. This is much more expensive that the Venturi scrubber process currently budgeted by the MSD and might make the cost of incineration prohibitive. Activists have also informed the EPA that land next to the MSD facilicy is available to buy, which would considerably lower MSD cost estimates for composting, which were boosted by the addition of expenses for transportation and transportation equipment to move the sludge to a distant site. Cocke Councy, TN is also flirting with the incineration alternative for waste disposal. A Nashville, TN company, ironically called Resource Recovery Tech nology, has approached the commissioners of the west slope councy with a package plan in which the private corporation .would assume all construction costs for an incineration facilicy and charge a disposal fee of $18-22 per ton of trash. As Cocke Co. is producing about 100 tons of refuse daily, the cost for incine.ration would likely be over $100,000 per year. Steam power from the incineration plant would be sold to a local industry for additional profits for the contractor. Apparently, Resource Recovery Technology Co. did not mention toxic gases and heavy metal particulate matter among the benefits of the plan. CSI WASTE INCINERATOR waL BE CLOSED The county commissioners of Caldwell Councy announced that they will close the Caldwell System Inc. (CSI) hazardous waste incinerator. There is a major law suit pending involving the county commissioners, Caldwell Systems, and several local ci ti:zens. At issue is the fate of a dairy farmer located just below the plant who bas suffered a complete Joss of his business due to health concerns about his product. Other local citizens in the neighborhood have suffered r ashes and burns, and a study commissio ned by members of the local chapter of the Western North Caro lina Alliance uncovered evidence of toxic soot falling miles away on the 1-40 expressway. CSI is offe ring an out-of-court settle ment, whic h is meeting mixed reactions from local citizens. The company wants to shut down its operation but use the site for hazardous waste storage for five years. Many feel that plan is unacceptable and want guarantees of verifi able monitoring written into any agreement. From WNCA "Issues Update" available from WNCA; Box 180 ~ Asheville, NC 28814 P' SPRING - 1988 The Origin of the Animals continued from page IS plant people. They even learned to hybridi:ze the plants. By stealing their reproductive power the humans gained control over the plant kingdom. They made the plants serve as human food sources, instead of cooper ating in serving the plants as seed-bearers, as it was intended to be. This is a most dangerous new development. Hybridization is causing the disappearance of the str0ng, old varieties that could reproduce themselves. They are being replaced by new varieties that, although they better serve the humans' immediate purposes, are weak and not able to stand up to stressful conditions like the natural varieties. By their desire for control, the humans are putting themselves in jeopardy. If their ltost plants cannot swvive in the world as it changes, then the humans will perish as well.. The humans also have still not learned to control their fire. Their powerful nuclear fire is the most dangerous form yet discovered. This above all causes the plants to be concerned about the future of the world which has been thrown so out balance by their wayward experiment. But the story continues. It is not over yet. There may be other developments in the evolutionary game. Who knows? The world may be returned to the plants. once again. Plants are more immune to radiation than animals. They mutate and change in the presence of radiation; they are not as likely to die and become extinct. Plants eat sunlight, which is one fonn of radiation. They may find the means to utilize other types of radiation. They are far ahead of the humans in that respect and may once again become the masters of the planet It is obvious from this look at our history that if we want to fulfill our true purpose on Earth, we should save seeds and propagate plants. That is our inborn duty and one of the most healthy things we can do for our world. / Rediscovering Heirloom Seeds Janeice Ray Hybridization has taken the ancient art of seed-saving away from us. F-1 hybrids (meaning first filial generation) are a forced genetic cross between two unalike parents and exhibit unusual vigor and uniformity. Their seeds, when grown out, revert back to some ancestral strain. Hybrids must be re-crossed year after year by seed companies, so we become totally dependent upon them for the basic source of our food. The uniformity of hybrids produces vulnerability to crop failure. Hybridization and the lack of varieties shrinks the genetic base of our crops, leaving them in a weakened state. This caused the potato famine In Ireland in the 1840's · the people were growing only a few varieties of potatoes, which were not blight resistant, and the country starved when the disease spread through the fields. Crop diversity may save us in the future when we are searching for a gene that may withstand the environmental problems that our world faces. Are there varieties that can take the effects of acid rain? Or of shifting weather patterns? Some old variety may be the answer, and we need to keep those gene pools alive. So I am convinced to buy only standard, open-pollinated varieties, no matter how amazing the hybrids sound, and I am learning to save my own seeds. I buy seeds from small, family-owned seed companies. Many of the major companies have been taken over by huge corporations, usually petrochemical in nature. The smaller companies with the less glossy catalogs (most of whJch enoourage seed independence) need our support. The Graham Center Seed and Nursery Directory published by the Rural Advancement Fund is a wonderful resou rce for localing these seedspeople. Send a few dollars to: Rural Advancement Fund P.O. Box 1029 Pittsboro, NC 27312 I am beginning to plant heirlooms - vari eties our foreparents grew for generations. With the advent of seed companies, many of these were lost, many endangered, and only now are folks rediscovering them and returning them to our collective gene pool. The book to read is Heirloom Gardening by Carolyn Jabs, and the place to connect with like-minded people is: The Seed Savers' Exchang~ Rt. 3, Box 239 Decorah, IA 52101 Here are a few seed companies offering open-pollinated and traditional varieties: Johnny's Selected Seeds Albion, ME 04901 JL. Hudson,Seedsman P.O. Box 1058 Redwood City, CA 94064 (Catalog: $1 J)()) F/Qating MoUlltain Seeds P.O. Box 1275 Port Angl!les, WA 98362 forganically-grqwn heirWoms ca1a/og: $1 .00) BounJiful Gar<kns 5798 Ridgewood Rd. Willits, CA 95490 (open-pollint1led, untrea1ed) Southern Exposure Seed Exchange P.O. Box 158 North Garden, VA 22959 (Caralog: $1 J)()) Peace Seeds 1130 TetJu:row Rd. Williams, OR 97544 (Caralog: $1 .00) Seeds Blum ldalw City Stage Boise, ID 83707 (1-ltirloom seeds, catalog $2.00) KATUAH - page 21 �DRUMMING LETTERS TO KATUAH Dear Katuah My husband and I own 40+ acres in Kaniah. We have no children and are concerned about whnt will happen to our land when we die. We would like 10 sec it prorected, not subdivided, and used in a way that is kind to the earth hopefully continuing the organic gardening & orcharding we arc doing, carefully using and preserving the forest land, etc. Ideally we would also like to sec it benefit people in need. A lot to ask! If you have any ideas or can refer us to anyone with solutions for this sort of situation, we would appreciate it. We don't want to sec the place tied up in such a way as to be useful to no one. Thanks for any help you can give us. Shalom, Sheila Wofsy Reggie Lenoir Rt. 1Box178 Suchcs, GA 30572 Dear Editor, Someone who did not identify themselves sent me an unsolicited photocopy of your Fall, 1987 issue of K.i1.iah containing the article "Smells Like Money To Me" CKiW.i\11 #17 - ed.) The author presented a corporacc image of the wealth of the Champion Corporation, however implications in the article were critical because Haywood County had not diversified the economy, and because Champion did little to support quality of life, including this generation of Haywood County residents. True, the mill is old, and Haywood County should be offering incentives to keep the industry, and to assure that better environmental controls arc the goal. In the meantime, children are threatened by the attitude of fear and unrest that prevails because their parents, grandparents, and neighbors are frightened. If your publication is truly interested in the bio-technical development of Southern Appalachia, publish positive approaches about appropriate industrial development which will match our workforce, our geographical terrain, our water and sewerage supply, our cultural and ethnic heritage. Please include articles 10 which the common man who has a sense of stewardship for the earth can relates. l am of Scotch-Irish descent, a daughter of generations of farmers who valued land. Today I see developers cutting into the mountains wilhout regard to the sediment which will be altered and moved into our streams. l see local real estate developments over-building on fragile land sites. J see that the larger number of land holders are no longer full time residents of the county. A land use plan is a critical issue for Haywood County. An indusrrial recruitment plan would add balance to the economy. Yes, I care about poUotion, but try to be comprehensive in future articles rachcr than singling out our "greatesc bread basket" in Haywood. r believe a reasonable solution such as a five-year plan could be implemented. Sincerely, Ernestine E. Upchurch Maggie Valley, NC Thank you/or your thbughtful reply. - The Editors Hopefully KJJ.nu11J 1120 will be ofsome help. - Editors The Stones at Laurel Creek The stones here are shoulders and elbows of the lover I looked for everywhere I travelled to anive hen: poking through her garment of rhododendron, shaped by the rush of her laughter, pools of thought I feel her enjoying my step best when I step naked, enjoying it Like the pause when the fingers seem to listen to the skin and forget which name the lover has and what color the skin, I bend to soothe my bands on her tender grain Through the slow, gigantic pulse of sun in stone I suddenly recognize her- "Mother!" (bur even thar is just a name She lies under every itch and movement ofmy f001 and I have only known her by names-) - Stephen Wing KAlUAH - page 22 Awakening Soft vault of sleep attended darkness Quiet folds around me silence screams In the midst of pitch my eyes arc opened to wondrous views ineffable Angel's garments, as white smoke gently billowing as they tum My mouth is opened to kiss hot coals burning away mortality I change and enter, again, the womb of infinity - Diane Yeager SPRING - 1988 �Dear Katuah - An idea we have been considering here in Spring CTCCk is the Community Computer Bulletin Board This is an interlocking system of computers in users' households that are connected by telephone lines to a central computer that stores the messages that folks wa.nt to share with their neighbors. The networlc could be set up on a local or regional level. The system could be used for communication, keeping records, playing games, word processing, and planning various projects. The network could coordinate bulk purchases of commonly-used items like clothing, shoes, tires, seeds, and fertilizer to obtain substantial discounts. People could barter, buy and sell, call for help, announce a baby, share car-pool infonnation.....the list of uses is endless. The information on the bulletin board appears on the individual TV sets or monitors in the users' homes or places of business. The central computer is located in the home of the system operator. If desired, the computers could connect to national and international networks, so the bulletin could extend all over the world. If a user had a telephone and a TV set, the minimum cost to buy a computer would be around $270. The cost of the central computer and its operation would be shared by the users. If any readers are interested in the Community Computer Bulletin Board idea, please have them contact me. John Artley Rt 1, Box 27-A Hot Springs, NC 28743 (704) 622-7421 Flowers I'm cleaning up the inner environment I'm plowing the fear to prepare the soil I'm mixing the elements to make my hean fertile rm weeding the hun 4:00 A.M. Grandmother moon is caught in the branches of the tulip tree. My husband's arm is around me. She calls out her longing. We hold the crystal aloft and catch her Light in its center. This moment is Forever. Our moccasins lie still Upon the flintstone. to care for the love I'm coming up flowers - Colleen Redman SPRING - 1988 - Rose Morningstar Bryson City, NC Drawings by Kore Loy McWhiner KATI IAH - oa2e 23 �continued from page 5 From The Perelandra Garden Workbook: Deva of Soil When Jmmans open a garden, any garden, a note is sounded within the devic level. One mustn.'tforget that a garden is a man.made invention. Therefore, the sounding of the note indicating that one is w be created must come from humans. When such a thing occurs, 1he devic level immediately responds by creating the numerous energy units which will even.tually be grounded into form. When a human sounds the note with the intent to work in co-creative partnership with devas and n.ature spirits, that note is very different in sound, quality, and vibration. If I were w use an orchestra as an example, I would say that in the case of the ordin.ary garden, the note sounded would be that of one instrument. Add to it the intent to co-create the garden with nature itself, and one would suddenly hear a full orchestra sounding a deep and vibran.t multi-levelled chord. Nawre, on all its levels, will respon.d in kind. The various energy units we on the devic level create when the single note is heard is very different from the units we create when the full orchestra is sounded. So from the instant you sound the note with the more expanded intent, you will set off creation and movement on a far grander scale. As Machaelle's relationship with the garden grew, she found herself appreciating the quallity and integrity of the relationship itself as much as the fruits and vegetables produced. From The Perela11dra Garden Workbook: Deva ofthe Pere/andra Garden The physical planting process of a garden is not the primary issue. What is of utmost importance is attitude and i111ent... I have specifically chosen dance (as metaphor for the garden)for in order w parricipatefully within dance, one must lift his spirit, center his senses.focus his thoughts in essence, he must strike an attitude that will allow him to hear the mu.sic all the way into his soul and move in accordance to that music. It is this attimde I wish to convey for one who wishes to move into the garden in harmony with what is happening there.... ...Through (your mind and heart), the music will 1nove an.d you will naturally move with ~t both within and outside yourself. And you will be most surprised at the ease and grace in which you. your tools, and your young plants and seeds join in effortless movement. ...My experience in the harvesting process has been to sense joy and celebration for a job well done. At special times, I can feel all of nature around me, on its various levels, literally celebrate not just the health and balance of the garden, but the resulting incredible production as well. When I approach gardening, it is with my sights set on creating a bala111ced, healthful environment. I don't consider production. That automatically takes care of itself. So there is always a moment of happy surprise on my part when 1 realize the green bean row has produced a whole slew of beans. It may sound terribly naive, but I think this probably illusttates best how changed my thoughts, focus and intent are around gardening. The larger issue of humankind's relationship with nature is a central theme in the messages Machaelle receives from the devas. It is in her garden that the macrocosm becomes revealed by the microcosm. KATUAH - page 24 Photographs by Clarence Wright The devic messages address the importance of reverence for life in the Perelandra garden as well as the importance of reverence for all of life. Machaelle's sensitivity and attention to the Perelandra garden opens up for her a "window" on the needs and cures for the whole planet. Machaelle Small Wright's journey to the center of her garden was a long one. The first half of her autobiographical work, Behaving, recalls a childhood of intense pain and trauma. Yet the chaos of events, memories, and feelings has now become a sensible whole. Through her garden, the healing of herself and of the land has become a single and continual process. It is in her garden that Machaelle has taken the opportunity to interact in a daily, conscious way with the dynamic energies present there. Through her works, she offers us the inspiration and encouragement t_o begin the endeavor ourselves. From Tiie Perela11dr0: Garden Workbook: ...The Perelandra garden is my life, my. heart aoo . my very breath. It is my friend, my healer, my nurturer and teacher - about myself, my planet and my unjverse ... .. .It has taught me about power - my own and that which is contained in all life around me. About equality. About balance. About teamwork on a peer level... ... And it has taught me that we are a vibrant, active planet fully participating in a larger, loving whole. / Excerp<s rq>rinJedfrom The Pcrclandra Garden Workbook with f"m1issit111. Machaelle Small Wriglu has just completed her third book, eniitled Flower Essences: Reordering Our Understanding and Approach to Illness and Health. It will be available in June 1988. Gardening workshops and an annual open house are held at Perelandra during the summer and early fall. For schedules and infomlillion or to order any of Macluulle's books. meditation tapes orflower essences, write 10: Perelandra, Box 136. Jefferson/on. VA 22724. Excerpts selected by Christina Morrison with Mamie Mui/er and Sam Gray assisting. SPRING - 1988 �The true art of dancing is dancing what comes out and not following the rules. Dancing ho~ you want. Because if you follow rules your soul will never get to show you the dance you've known ever since you were born. - Emily 1dance within myself And look without Joy within Sadness without Music within Silence without Lying on my bed Waiting for morning to come The moon sings to me About the sun Words by Emily Turner, age 6 with Drawings by Amelia Brommer, age 8 SPRING - 1988 KATIJAH - page 25 �900€£ me€£i.ci.ne continued from 1>3ge 16 What people call "visualii.ation" today is a fonn of conjuring. People can visualiu: a healing and by putting their collective energy behind it and getting some sense of how it fits in with the all, they can "push it with power." It is best not to try to visualize a specific end to a situation, because that limits lhe possibilities. Also, things seldom tum out the way we plan. It is bes1 10 visualiu: a return to balance and hannony and to encourage the awareness that the lives of all things are interrelated. However, I do see anything lhat works against the Life Force as a whole as being negative and evil. Nuclear arms and nuclear power, for instance, appear to be destructive forces as far as l can see. They seem like something we can gel along without. The human species is a high consciousness, bu1 a1 the same time 1he human race is a cancerous cell that is trying to diges1 its host, the Greater Life. Yet people on the spiritual path are always searching for the connection to the whole. As individuals 1hey realize their separation, and they are searching for that connection with every part of every cell from the marrow of their bones outward. One of the greatest blocks for us .humans is our intellect. lt is self-defeating to try to comprehend the universe with the intellect, for it is not designed to comprehend the whole. Being in a linear, critical culture as we are makes it even more difficult. Not impossible, but certainly more difficulL It leads us to try to understand the whole by adding up all of the parts. But the whole is greater than 1he sum of its parts. Organ ic Gr owin g Coop e rotiue The Organic Gardening Cooperative of Western North Carolina was started in the early spring of 1987. A small group of enthusiastic people came together 10 promote the merits of organic gardening and fanning and the health and life-giving value of organically-raised food. Meetings are at Unity of Arden on Airport Road. The cooperative meets the third Monday evening of each month. There is time for sharing at 6:30 pm and a meeting at 7:00 pm. The name "cooperative" was chosen, because the group wished 10 create an open forum for sharing experience, infonnation, resources, and projects. There is a steering committee that plans and coordinates the meetings and other activi1ies. 01her commiuees take on the tasks of a newsletter, education, publicity, and telephoning. These committees are volunteer efforts, and new participants are always welcome. Th~ are no dues. A small voluntary donation per meeting helps to cover expenses. The cooperative's meetings offer an array of interesting activities such as songs and music about gardening and nature; an educational program with speakers, films, slide shows, etc; a short nutritional update; news on environmental issues; and a time for sharing among the group. The main topic of each program usually pertains to gardening ac1ivities appropriate for that month of the year, such as composting, soil preparation, seed starting, etc. A varied program is designed to meet the needs of beginning gardeners as well as the experienced ones in the group. There are presentations of resources like magazines, seed catalogs. extra seeds and produce, and group seed or narural fenilizer orders. Glass (clear and colored) and aluminum are collected for recycling at each meeting. We who are active in the cooperative feel it is an exciting opportunity to encourage each other and the public at large to learn how to live in harmony with the Earth and to produce quality food, which will make us all more healthy and happy. We invite newcomers to come and participate at the meetings. Together we can create rewarding adventures in learning and "growing!" - Ellen John For more information about the Organic Gartkning CooperaJjve, call Cheryl Stippich a1(704)687-1741. Herbology Clinic M. C. Majebe Licensed Acupuncturist 78 E.ast Chestnut St. Ashevllle, NC 28801 (704) 258-9016 KATUAH - page 26 • conlinucd Crom JlliC 9 Dr. Gray soon arrived in Statesville bringing several eminent botanists. Dr. Gray had been misled by Miclraux's description of the habitaJ of slwrtia. ltistead of the moun1ain tops where he Juul always looked, it Juul been found along a stream in the foothills. Michaux's directions had been fairly specific, bw his continual references to the "high mountains" misled Gray, the botany detective. Shorria, the mystery flower of the mountains, soon became so famous that pressed specimens of a single plaru were selling/or fifty dollars. SJwrtia makes a good grour1d-cover under rhododer1drons. It needs a shady sire with an acid soil rich in humus, plemy of water, and regular mulching with oflk leaves. It spreads mostly by runners, and grows in luxuriant, dense colonies where conditions are to its liking. Its delicate white flowers lost for several days. It is one ofthe most coveted plants of any wild flower garden. A collector has written, "No idea of the beauty of this planI can be formed unJil it hos been seen in its native Jwme. The mass of glossy green and white, once seer1, car1 never be forgotten." It was never Gray's privilege to see shortia at the height of its blooming period, which is the latter part of March into early April. Of the 25,000 botanical specimens that Gray classified before he died, Gray asked that shortia cover his grave at Cambridge, Massachusetts. In Gray's life, many honors had come to him, but they were os naughl compared to the discovery ofthe little mountain pla111 thal Dr. Asa Gray named shortia. The mystery plant, sJwrtia, lost/or a hundred years, because ofits limited narural distribution, is probably to be found growing more in culdvarion now than in the ~ild. This is especially significant today because of the destruction of much of shortia's native habiuu in North and Sowh Carolina due to artificial lake construction. Rtprinltd from the Noah Carolina Native p(o111 Proaagqljon Handbook prepared by the North Carolina Wild Flower Prtsuvalion Sociery (Tollen Chinese Acupuncture and sh.ot"tta Garlkn Centtr 3375; University ofNorth Cmolina; Chapel Hiil, NC 27599 - $5.00 ppd.) / Natural Food Store & Dell 160 Bro.ctway Ashevllle, NC 28801 Whlf-e llroadwmy n..ia MlrTlmon Ave I. ~240 OPEN 7 DAYS A WE. K E Mond•y·Salurday: 9am·8pm Sunday: 1pm-Spm (704) 253-7656 DE_51GNS by Rob Messick Illustration & Design In Pen & Ink and Colored Pencil P.O . 8o)( 260t . eoone. NC 28U07 • (704J7a4 tiOQ7' SPRING - 1988 �· continued from page 12 K: How d o you think people first determined how to use herbs? G: The first herbs that were used were the leaves of the Tree of Life in the Garden of Eden. And we'll never find the fountain of youth until we get the Garden of Eden back and get back to the Tree of Life. K: Until we get back in touch with nature? G: No, back to the Tree of Life. God took that to heaven before the flood. And when he makes this earth new again he's going to bring it back. And when we see the Garden of Eden we'll see herbs as they're s'posed to be. K : Do you think this will be a sudden occurence or will it be a gradual awakening of God, and now Satan's walking up and down, to and fro on the earth. You see, this battle isn't something done in a comer; this earth is the theatre of God's love. God had to let us tear things up and let things go because our natures won't accept the truth otherwise. Are you passing your knowledge on to them? Are they receptive? G: No young people are interested like I was when I was young. Some are interested and could learn, but they're all afraid of being tied down. They're interested when they feel like it, but when they don't feel like it they don't want to be bothered. K: Do you know when your book will be out or what you11 call it? G: When there are enough people that will G: No, I don't. I was held up all summer be true to God then Christ will come. Think how all this time the angels have tried to help people to think of these things and do what's right Still we go on in our lives and don't study, don't stop to read what God's given us. And just look what a mess we've made. Think of the Garden of Eden - the beautiful flowers and trees - and then loolc at that hillside over there (points to trailer park across road) ... all the death and dying. Of course there's still a lot of beauty here... Satan tried his best to get Christ to give up and not go through with his plan of salvation, but He stuck to it and proved that God's truth could be followed. Adam sold out because he chose to obey Satan instead with my eyes - couldn't see to read. And many days like today are holding me baclc...(laughs). [While talking to us, Granny gracefully received five patients and several phone calls. We arrived at 10 a.m. and by 5 p.m. she hadn't paused once.] K: Thanks so much for your time and energy! We both have personal questions but they can wait 'til another day. G: Oh, I can help you now - would you like that? K: Sure, but you must be tired... COMF TOlHf FOR Drcamwcaver l!Boomllcn: Books and Tapes by Mall and Special Order. Metaphysics, Comparative Religion, Psychology, Children and Women' s Studies. New Age Music. Call Barbara, (912) 233--5934 for Info. NEW AGE SEMI NARS \llHOLISTIC lf[ALTH RETRf;ATS &md fnr our Ire,.. bcuchurtr: L.1.F. E. • Bo• 144K Pullmon WV 26421 (.1041 t.5?·319:1 'Living In Full E nergy K : Everything! REMEDIES K: What about your great-grandchildren? among people? l.l.F.E. RETREAT CENTER G: What have I been doing? Cockleburr and Mullein cold remedy: A large handful each of cocldebuns and mullein leaves to 2 qts waJtt. Boil 20 minutes. Suain well and drink. Burrs and leaves can be used a 2nd time with 2 more quarts waier boiled 20 minutes again. Mar l&old tin cture for lice: Chop marigold blossoms fine. Cover with rubbing alcohol in glass jar. Sel in sun for 2 wect.s, stirring once each day. Strain and boWe. MislldOt tea For lal&b blood pressure: 1 Tbsp crushed mislleioe leaves 10 1 qt cold water. Shake and let Slalld ovcmighL Strain and drink 1(2 cup before breakfast; 1/2 cup after brealdasL Repeat wilh supper. Mlstlttc>t tea For epilepsy or Stizuns: Pour 1 pint boiling water over l Tbsp crushed leaves. Take 2 Tbsp. every 2 boors. Poktbtrry artbrlt.ls remedy: Take one berry at each meal the lst day, 2 at each meal the 2nd, 3 the 3rd and so on for 8 days. Then drop back to one berry again and begin climbing back up IO 8. Continue until joints feel free. Then drop back one berry per meat 8-7-6-5, until you're baclc to ooe, and quit mtl&n WEEKLY CRAFTS COURSES ~ Woodcarving,We aving, Blacksmithing,Basketry, Pottery,Spinning,etc. John C. Campbell Folk School Brasstown, NC 28902 (704) 837-2775 o r 837-7329 T-SHIRTS, SWEATSHIRTS For ADULTS and CHILDREN 15 ORIGINAL HAND·PRINTED NATURE DESIGNS ,_.'? ULTRAVIOLET l'UNFICATIOH AHO FILTENNG SYSTalS SOI.AR PflOOUCTS ·WATER ANALYSIS .HWY. 107 EACH COLORFUL DE.SIGN IS RT. 88 BOX 125 CULLOWHEE, NC 28723 PRIN'IED ON QUALITY T' s Alill SWEA'IS APPALACIDAN BUILDING & DESIGN Passive Solar, Eartlt-Shellered Homes Greenhouses, Spas, Decks SCOTI BIRD (704) 683·1414 GREG BLACK 683-4795 SPRING - 1988 KATUAH - page 27 �MARCH 20 evenrs SPRING EQUINOX 23-24 ASHEVILLE, NC Rhythm Alive! Classes in African drumming with Martha Overlock and Dean Buchan:ln. Ongoing. Wed and Thu evenings, 7: l S al Asheville Academy of BallcL Call (704) 645~ 16 canoes. New Moon CULLOWHEE, NC Tuckaseegee River Cleanup. Rllfts, kayaks. Mcct 11 am. 227-7206 for more info. 14-15 GREAT SMOKY MT'NS. Spring WildOower Pilgrimage. Auto, wal.lcing tours lO view plants and birds of the Smokies. SS. Call (615) 436-1257. 27-29 24 ASHEVILLE, NC Sierra Club meeting. Spcllkcr Bill Thomas, "TheJocasse WatcrShed" with slides. 7:30. Unitarian Univcrsalist Church, Edwin Pl. and Oiarloue. 25-27 WAYNESV ILLE, NC "Vibrational Healing" with Joyce Keane. "Flowers arc the highest vibratory expression in the vegetable kingdom." Lc:im to use Oower essences - gentle, yet powerful. $20. Stil-Light Center; Rt. I, Box 326: 28786. (704) 452-4569. 26 ASHEVILLE, NC The Paul Winter Consort, "Celebration of Creation." Central Methodist Church. Tickets $10.SO at Malaprop's. and meditation with Fr. John Groff. SSS.Southern Dharma Foundation; RL I, Box 34-H; Hot Springs, NC28743. 29-30 & T ANASJ RIDGE MAY I Come to X.~.'TU.~K SJ>1t1.N<l (l.~'JKE1t1.Nlll Worlcshops, waterfall, crystals, mountain meadows. Join the family circle! (Sec ad next page.) 30 BELTANE (MAY EVE) ROANOKE, VA Sixth Annual New Horizons Festival of alternative healing and lifestyles at Roanoke Civic Center. Pre-register. S26.00. TRENTON, GA Caving Expedition with Snow Be:ir. Learn safety, techniQue, geology.Camping at Cloudlaad Canyoo. f.quipmem provided. Sec sn.s. IS New Moon BLACK MOUNTAIN, NC The Black Mountain Music Festival. Taj Mahal, Rare Air, Robin and Linda Williams, Elise Win and the Small Family Band, Fred Armstrong-Park, and more will be there. Pre-register: $35 for the weekend. For more info, ctll Gray Eagle and Friends, (704) 669-2456. 20-22 20-22 WAYNESVILL E, NC "Therapeutic Touch" • using hands to direct human energies in healing with Maria Parisen. SLil-Light Sec 3(25-27. WILLIS, VA "Finding Our Place.• Developing a deeper relatiooship with the land and the spirilS who dwell there. Brian Ellis. Pre-rcgisler. $85. Indian Valley Holistic Center. Sec 4/8-10. 28-29 APRIL 31 2 Full Moon CELO, NC Full Moon Drumming Celebration al Mountain Gardens. Call (704) 675-5664 for more info. ONGOING. Full Moon ("Blue Moon") JUNE 1·30 3 CHEROKEE, NC "Cherokee Concepts of Birth and DcBlh" art exhibit on display al Cherolcee Hcriwge Museum and Gallery. EASTER SUNDAY 8-10 WILLIS, VA "lmaginccring Ourselves and the Crystal Planet." Exploring Earth energies with Mary and Joseph Jochmans. Pre-register: $95. Indian Valley Holistic Center; Rt. 2, Box 58; Willis, VA. (404) 789-4295. APPALACH IAN TRAIL Trail work. Bring gloves. Call Thelbett Dowdy, (704) 684-3053 for dcUlils. 4 MAY 9 9 BLACK MT'N., NC David Wilcox, singer and songwriter Bl McDibbs'. $4. Sec 3(l2. 9-10 ATLANTA, GA Shamanic Jowney, Power and Healing workshop. $100. Call Barbara Hmison, (9 12) 233-5934. HELEN, GA EARTHSKILLS WORKSHOP Lc:im old ways, a new awattllCSS of the woods with Snow Bear, Darry Wood, and EUSUllCe Conway. For more info, call (404) 878-2201. GREAT SMOKY MT'NS. "Forests and Trees or the Smokies." Pre-register: $25. Smoky Mountain Field School; Univ. of TN: 2016 Lake Ave; Knoxville, TN 37996. F ull Moon GREAT SMOKY MT'NS. •A Historical Perspective of the Great Smoky Mountains NP." Natural and human history of the Park with Wilma Dykeman. Pre-register: $25. See 6/4. !! 1-31 ASHEVILLE, NC Robert Johnson's paintings on exhibit t the Asheville An Museum. One of the main themes that runs through his work is the tionsbip between the inner world of dreams and visions and the world of Natwe. He has lived in the Cclo Community near o, NC for the past 16 years and the Katuah ioregion has had a strong innuencc on his worlc. % o Community. Burnsville, NC 28714. lS-16 14 15-19 HIGHLANDS, NC "Meianora• with Walter Chappell. Recording the ethcric image or local nora. $250 includes accommodations.Highlands Biological Center. P.O. Drawer 580; Higblllnds, NC 28741. WILLIS, VA "HEALING WISE • an Herbal Medicine Intensive.• Work with botanical medicines, spirit healing, body systems, and self-love with herbal healer Susun Weed. Pre-register: S9S. Indian Valley Holistic CenlCr. Sec -4/8-10. KATUAH - page 28 CHEROKEE, NC "The Eagle Dancer." exhibit or the worlc or carver John Julius Wilnoty on display at Cherokee Heritage Museum and Gallery. 17-19 7-8 IS-17 New Moon 1-31 17-19 FARNER, TN "Wild Foods and Medicines• taught by Sn.ow Bear. Peppcrland Farm Camp; Swr Rt; Farner, TN 37333. (704) 494-2353. 13-15 HOT SPRINGS, NC "The Mystic Journey Rc1tc~11· - talks BOT SJ>RINGS, NC "A Rinz.ai Zen Retreat" with Sandy Stewart. Pre-register: SSS. Sec 5/13-15. WAYNESVILLE, NC Workshop: "Fundamentals of the Ancient Wisdom.· Esoteric philosophy with Ed and Mary Abdill. Pre-register: S20. Stil-Light. Sec 3(}.S-27. 20 SUMMER SOLSTICE .. SPRING - 1988 �KATUAH JOURNAL is beginning compilation of a regional directory... a GREEN PAGES of political, food, environmental, clothing, arts and crafts, shelter, healing, and other basic resources in the Katuah bioregional province. Listings will be free. If you or your group would like to enter a listing ( including a brief description ) in these or any other categories, please send to: KatUah Journal P.O. Box638 Leicester, NC 28748 The International 4th World Assembly wilJ hold its seventh assembly this summer, July 31-August 4, 1988 at Meredith College in Raleigh, NC. The 4th World is an informal group of people from all over the world who affirm the right of urban neighborhoods and rural villages to make their own decisions about their own lives. The theme this year is "Community Economics As If the Earth Mattered". Registration is open to all. Full conference fee including meals, lodging and proceedings is $150. ($130 before June 1). For more info: School of Living, 7th assembly; 3030 Sleepy Hollow Rd, Falls Church, VA 22042. News Flash! Environmentalist in NC Governor's Race NABCID The third North American Bloregiolllll Congress will be held in the bioregion ofthe Ish River Confluenc-e, north or Vancouver, British Columbia. It will be held August 21·26, 1988. NABC I ('84) and NABC II ('86) brought together local and regional peoples from all over Turtle Island to celebrate and work towards preservln& the spiritual, environmental and cultural diversily or this precious continent. NABC Ill will continue lhis work and discover other ways to cooperale in this way. Katuah has been represented at these congressings. If you are Interested In participatin& in this upcoming coneress, please contact KaJilah, P.O. Box 638, uicttter, NC 28748 or write to: NABC m, Box 1012, Lillooet, BC, VOK lVO, Canada. ... Avram Friedman (Bruce A. Friedman) announces his candidacy for Governor of the state of North Carolina... As director of the NC Political Action Committee to Dump the Co~act. Avram had been looking lor candidates for all the NC state offices who oppose NC's membership In the Southeast Low Level Radioactive Waste Compact. Because there was no gubernatorial or lieutenant gubernatorial candidate who was In favor of withdrawing from the compact, he began a statewide search to enlist a candidate for governor. Because he found no one who would be willing, he registered himself as a democratic candidate right ahead of the deadline. He Is basing his gubernatorial campaign specifically on getting NC out of the Compact although he stresses there are many more related Issues including NC's economy and its future. For more information, w rite: CCNW, P.O. Box 653, Dillsboro, NC 28725 on the Tanasl Ridge, near Blue Ridge Parkway '.F'rtday - Sunday, A.priL 29-'.M.a.y 1 Wor~nops: Nati.ve Crysta.Cs Kerb f"ora.91..n<J Women 's Ci.rcCe The ftiorecJional Poet Commu.ni.ty nowsi.n<_J ... and: others ..USo: M.eadows, Waterf~ . M.usic, Dancl.tuJ, & Drummi.tuJ and Cdebratl.on of the first of ttay wUh MoypoCe, Dc:mc1.!19 !o S""e4 Ckc;C.e ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------Tent or RV Camping Bring your shelter, bedding and utensils. Bring clothing for all weather conditions. Friday night potluck Other meals community cooking, with food provided Name:_______________________________ Address:_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ __ Phone: L_)_ _ _ _ __ Number of Adults_ _ _ _ __ Number of Children_________ SPRING· 1988 $15/adult before April15 $1 O/child before April 15 $17/ adult at camp $121 child at camp Mail to: Karen Rodriguez U.S. 19W, Box481 Bryson City, NC Katuah Province 28713 KAnJAH · page 29 �PEPPERl.AND FARM CAMP - a unique summer camp experience for child!Cn 6-16 years. Adventure trips, riding, Indian lore, swimming, more. Delicious vegetarian meals - special diets accomodatcd. Also seeking counsellors and staff. For info: Pepperland Farm Camp; Star Route: Farner, TN 37333 (704) 494-2353 STIL-LIGHT THEOSOPHICAL RETREAT CENTER - a quiet space for petSOnal meditation, group interacti. n through study and community o work. and spiritual seminars. Contact Leon Frankel; RL l, Box 326; Waynesville, NC 28786 RM DESIGNS - I use the media of pencils, colored pencils, gouache, pen and ink, and pholOgraphy in creating unique fine and grafick an. l can make diagrams, logos, finished prints, and designs for brochwes, calenders, cards, books, ete. Mandalas and symbols are my tendancy among other styles. Coo tact Rob Messick (704) 754-6097. ALTERNATIVE JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL - Al Arthur Morgan School students and staff learn t0gether by living in community. Curriculum includes creative academics, group decision-making, a worlc program, service projects, extensive field trips, cballcnging outdoor experiences. Write: 1901 Hannah Branch Rd.; Burnsville, NC 28714 (704) 675-4262 SEEDS FOR SALE - organically grown lurfa sponge, purple globe amaranth, Mexican sunflower, bushel basket gourd, garlic chives, holy basil SJ/pkt. w/SASE. Velvet beans, jack bean - S2/pkL w/SASE lO Janeice Ray; RL. I Box 188-H; Quincy, FL 32351 SIX RURAL COMMUNITIES - established over lhe last 20 years, invite visitors/members. Nonsexist, Nonracist, genlie cullUres based on equality and cooperation. Write (SI appreciated): Federation ofEgalitarian Communities; Twin Oaks, KH8; Louisa, VA 23093 FREE CATALOG - Our books cover solar energy, natural foods, metaphysics, fiction and poetry. The latest project is Black Mountain Review, with themes on the individual vs. society. Write: Lorien House; P.O. Box 1112; Black Mountain, NC 28711 (704) 669-621 l. KA1UAH- page 30 HAND CARVED WOODSPIRITS. mystical hilting staffs and wall hangings by Steve Duncan. For brochure, please write Wippoorwill Studio; RL 4, Box 981; Marion, NC 28752. SOCIAL ECOLOGY SUMMER SEMESTER June 10 lO July 24. For more information call (802) 454-8493, or write: Institute For Social Ecology; P.O. Box 89, DepL K; Plainfield. VT 05667 CENTER FOR ROBERT BLY STUDIES - Ally Press is now maintaining a mailing list for people who would like lO be informed of Robert Bly's workshop and reading sciledules. An updated listing is sent out twice a year along with a catalog of all available books and tapes. Please write Ally Press; Box K; 524 Orleans SL; SL Paul, MN 55107 1988 SUMMER WORKSHOPS at the Penny Royal Center (Winged Heart Homestead) by Sufi teacher Muzawir. How to prepare spiritually for Earth Changes, How to build a no mortgage shelter and much more. Send SASE lO P.O. Box 552; Floyd. VA 24091 TEACHER NEEDED: Alternative, parent-governed elementary (K-6), set in Monongahela National ForesL Send resume lO Valley School; P.O. Box 83; Elkins, WV 26241. DRUMS • Custom handcrafted ceramic dumbecks & wooden medicine drums. CaU Joe Roberts at (704} 258-1038 or write to: 738 Town Mountain Rd.; Asheville, NC 28804. REVERSE OSMOSIS WATER PURIFICATION better than dislillers. To find out why write New Energy Products; 660 K SL; Pullman, WV 26421 BLIGHT RESISTANT CHESTNUT - hybrid American/Chinese Dunstan Chestnut trees - bliglht resistant, timber growth form, productive orchard crop with large, sweet, easily peeled nuts. Chestnut Hill Nursery; RL 1 Box 341K; Alachua, FL 32615 (904) 462-2820. NA1lVE AMERICAN MEDICINAL PRODUCfS: white sage, cedar, sweet grass, k:innikinnick and more. Please specify your needs and send SASE lO: Good Medicine; 77 Parle Terrace East, D38; New York, NY 10034 (212) 304-9605. M. TREE DESIGNS: Illustrations and design Beyond the pages of this journal, I work in pencil, colored pencil, ink, cut paper, and batik. Fine and graphic art to express and enhance our lives. Logos, brochures, books, portraiture, window and wall hangings. Cont.act Martha Tree (704) 754-6097. HANDWOVEN WOOL BLANKETS - inexpensive, from Mexico. Federation of Christian Cooperatives; P.O. Box 120154; San AnlOnio, TX 78212 LETT'ERS OF FRlENDSHIP AND SUPPORT would be appreciated by incarcerated brother. Write t0: Rick Whilalcer #85670; Box 2000; Wartburg, TN37887 WANTED: IDEAL SPACE FOR RURAL COMMUNITY/HEALING CENTER. 50 - 150 acres, at least 30 arable, with southern exposure, privacy, within 45 min. of Asheville or equivalent urban center. One large house and several cabins preferred. StteamS, springs, river, lalcc? Finder's fee. Write Hibiscus; 521 Northeast Blvd.; Gainesville, FL 32601 or call collect (904) 376-2146. GARDENERS are encouraged lO visit our Paradise garden for instruction and inspiration (free) and/or pereMial plant sale (cheap). Artists are invited 10 come and create in the garden - painting, drawing and photography are encouraged. We also bnvc a cabin available in exchange for working in lhe garden. Mountain Gardens; 3020 While Oak Creek; Celo, NC 28714 (704) 675-5664 "TREASURES IN THE STREAM" - a cassette tape of songs by Bob Avery-Grubel. $10 postpaid to Bob at RL 1 Box 735; Floyd, VA 24091 ALTERNATIVE COMMUNITY NOW FORMING in the mountains of north Georgia. Join others seeking greater cooperation and self-sufficiency. Based on spiritual and ecological values. Propeny is now available. (404) 778-8754 'ESSENCE' - the all-one skin - dress - jumper pantaloons with nursing pockets. Earthwear; RD 1, Box 75-Cl; CarllOn, PA 16311 WOMANSONG - ongoing choral group forming. Songs of beauty, meaning, spirit, fun, peace, cooperation, sisterhood. Come and sing! Monday evenings 7:30 - 9. Also Orff Schulwerk: music-making for beginners of aU ages. Come and sec the studio! CaU (704) 254-7()68 WANTED - LAND in western NC. Family seeks 5 or more acres, preferably near Cullowhee, 10 preserve and eventually inhabiL If you have or know of affordable land, contacl Bob & Mary Davis; 213 Westmoreland Cowt: Georgetown, KY 40324 (502} 863-4267. WISCONSIN RENAISSANCE FAIRE - 2-story shop for sale or renL Weekends July 9 - Aug. 21. Excellent location with sales and living space. Write or call Becky Farnam; RL 1: Check, VA 24072 (703) 651-6170 WEBWORKING is.free. Send submissions to: K.a.IW. P.O. Box 638 Leicester, NC Kaulah Province 28748 SPRING - 1988 �I Comt.n«J Up . . . Mtdfrfn,.. Allfts The Katuall Journal wants to communicare your thoughts and feelings to the other people in the bioregional province. Send them to LIS as letters, poems, stories, arricles, drawings, or photographs, etc. Please send your co111ribwions to u.s at: Katuah Jo11r11al, P. 0. Box 638, Leicester, NC, Katuah Province 28748. The summer issue of Katiiah will concern itself with "Our Relations with the Land" ...our effect on the land, new forms of relating, visions of our fumre habitat, and other perspectives. In the fall, Katuah will look at Castanea dentata, tile American cliestnut tree. Any information abo1a this great tree's past andfmure will be welcome. BACK ISSUES OF KATUAH AVAILABLE ISSUE ELEVEN · SPRING 1986 Community Planning Cities and the Bioregional Vision • Recycling • Community Gardening· Floyd Couruy. VA • Guohol • Two BIORgional Views • Nuel- Supplemau Foxfire GllllCS ·Good Medicine: Visions ISSUE THREE · SPRING 1984 Sustainable Aj!ricuhure · Sunflowers - Human Impact on the Forest • Cllildrens' Education Veronica Nicholas:Woman in Politics· Ullle Ptopl.e . Medicine Albea ISSUE FOUR - SUMMER 1984 Water Drwn • Waiu Quality • Kudzu • Solu Eclipse· C~tling ·Trout ·Going IO W1.1U Ram Pumps. Microhydro · Poems: Bennie Lee Sinclair, Jim Wayne Miller full rolor T-s61rts In the traditional Cherokee Indian belief, the creatures in the world today are only diminuitive forms of the mythic beings who once inhabited the world. but who now reside in Galuna'ti, the spirit world, the highest heaven. But a few of the original powers broke through the splritual barrier and exist yet In the world as we know fl. These beings are called with reverence •grandfathers·. And of them, the strongest are Kanai/, the lightning, the power of the sky; Utsa'nati, the rattlesnake. who personifies the power of the earth plane; and Yunwi Usdi. ihe little man", as ginseng is called in the sacred ceremonies. who draws up power from the underworld. Each Is the strongest power in Its o wn domain. Together they are allies: their energies complement each other to form an even greater power. As medicine allies. they represent the healing powers of t he Appalachian Mountains. The medicine powers of Kawah have been depicted in a striking T-shirt design by Ibby Kenna. Printed In 5-color silkscreen by Ridgerunner Naturals on top quality, a/I-cotton shirts, they are available now in ail adult sizes from the Katiiah Joumsl. "To show respect for this supernatural trinity of the natural world is to in tum become an ally in the continuing process of maintaining harmony and balance here in the mountains of KatUah." To order. use the form be/Ow. ISSUE TIURTEEN - Fall 1986 Ccnicr For Awakening • Elizabeth Callari ·A Gentle Death • Hospice • Ernest Morgan • Dealing Creatively with Death • Home Burial Box • The Wake • The Raven Mocker • Woodslore and Wildwoods Wisdom • Good Medicine: The SWeat Lodp ISSUE FIVE • FALL 1984 Hatvest ·Old Ways in Cherokee - Ginseng Nucleu Waste • Our Celtic Heritage • Bioregionalism: Put. Present. and Future • John Wilnoty • Healing Dukness • Politics or Plttiaipation ISSUE SIX-WINTER 1984·85 Winia Solstice Earth Cuemony • Horsepas1ur• River - Coming or the Uaht • Log ~in Root• • Mounl&in AgricullW'C: The Right Crop • W"tll.i.IJn Taylor· The Furore or the foiat ISSUE SEVEN • SPRING 1985 Sustainable Eco~ics . Hot Springs ·Worker Ownership • The Great Economy • Self Help Credit Union • Wild Turkey • Responsible Investing • Woriting in Iha Wab of Ll!e ISSUE EIGIIT ·SUMMER 198S Celebration: A Way or Ufe • Katuah 18,000 Ycan Ago • Sacred Sites • Folk Aru in the Schools • Sun Cycle/Moon Cycle • Poems: Hilda Downer • Chciokee Hcri• Cenu:r • Who Owns Appalachia? ISSUE NINE- FALL 198S The Waldee Forest • The Trees Speak • Migating Foresll • Horse Logaing • SW1lng a Tree Crop - Urban Trees • Acom Bread - Mylh lllllC ' ISSUE FOURTEEN· Winlef 1986-87 Uoyd Cul Owle • Boogcrs and Mummen • All Species Day • Cabin Fever University • Homeless in Katuah • Homemade Hot Waicr Siovemakcr·s Narrative • Good Medicine: lnLcrspCcics Communication ISSUE FIFTEEN· Spring 1987 Coverlets • Wo~ Forester • Susia McMllwi Midwife • Alternative Contraception • Biosexuallty • Bioregionalism and Women • Good Medicine: Matriacharial Culwre • &ad ISSUE SIXTEEN· Summer 1987 Helen Waite • Poem: Visions in 1 Garden • Vision Quest • First Flow • Initiation • Leaming in the Wildcmeas • Cherokeea OWlcnJ!C ·"Valuing Trees" ISSUE EIGH1E£N ·WU- 1987-88 Vemaculu Atehi1eeiure ·Dreams in Wood and Stone • Mowllain Home • Earth Energiea • Earth.Sheltered Living • Membtanc Houses • Brush Shelter • Poems: Oc1ol!cr Dusk • Good Mcdk:inc: "Shelia" • ISSUE TEN. WINl'ER 1985-86 Kate Rogers • Circles of Sione • Internal Mylhmaking • Holistic Healing on Trial • Poems: SleVe Knaulb • Mythic Places • The Uk:ten a's Ta.la • Crystal Magic • "Dmmspeakin&. /'"r" ~UA~URNAL P.O. Box 638 Leicester, NC Katuah Province 28748 For more information: (704) 683-1414 Name RegularMembcrship........ $10/yr. Sponsor- .......................$20/yr. Contributor.....................$50/yr. Address Enclosed is $ to give this ejfon an extra bOOst City Area Code State Phone Number Zip I can be a local contact person for my area Back Issues Issue# _@ $2.50 = $_ _ Issue# _@ $2.50 = $_ _ Issue # _@ $2.50 = $ _ _ Issue# __@ $2.50 = $_ _ Issue# _ @ $2.50 = $_ _ Complete Set (3-11, 13-16, 18) @ $25.00 =$_ _ T-Shins: specify quantity color: tan S_ _ M_ _ L_ _ XL_ _ @ $9.50 each............$_ TOTAL PRICE = _ $_ _ postage paid SPRING - 1988 KATUAH - page3 1 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians Records Description An account of the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, later simplified to Katúah Journal, was published from 1983 to 1993. A quarterly publication, it was focused on the bioregion of former Cherokee land in Appalachia. The early issues of the journal explain the meaning of the Cherokee name, Katúah, and why the editors wanted to view the world through a bioregional lens, rather than political boundaries. A volunteer production, the editors took a holistic view in tackling social, environmental, mental, spiritual, and emotional topics of the day, many of which are still relevant.  The Katúah Journal was co-founded by Marnie Muller, David Wheeler, Thomas Rain Crowe, Martha Tree and others who served as co-publishers and co-editors. Other key team members included Chip Smith, David Reed, Jay Mackey, Rob Messick and many others. This digital collection is only a portion of the Katúah-related materials in the W.L. Eury Appalachian Collection in Special Collections at Appalachian State University. The items in AC.870 Katúah Journal records cover the production history of the Katúah Journal. Contained within the records are correspondence, publication information, article submissions, and financial information. The editorial layouts for issues 12 through 39 are included as are a full run of the Journal spanning nearly a decade. Also included are photographs of events related to the Journal and a film on the publication. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived This resource is part of the Katúah Journal Records collection. For a description of the entire collection, see <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/937" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Katúah Journal Records (AC. 870)</a>. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The images and information in this collection are protected by the Copyright Law of the United States (Title 17, U. S. C.) and are intended only for personal, non-commercial, and educational purposes, provided proper citation is used – i.e., Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians Records, 1980-2013 (AC.870), W. L. Eury Appalachian Collection, Special Collections, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC. Researchers are responsible for securing permissions from the copyright holder for any reproduction, publication, or commercial use of these materials. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1983-1993 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource journals (periodicals) Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Katúah Journal, Issue 19, Spring 1988 Description An account of the resource The nineteenth issue of the Katúah Journal focuses on springtime, plants, and the New Age movement: gardening with "nature intelligences", rooting blueberries, native plants, and herbal medicine. Authors and artists in this issue include: Michael Hockaday, Clyde Hollifield, Janeice Ray, Lucinda Flodin, Will Ashe Bason, Karen Watkins-Decker, Christina Morrison, Elaine Geouge, Sheli Lodge, Martha Tree, Brian Ellis, Stephen Wing, Diane Yeager, Colleen Redman, Rose Morningstar, and Ellen John. Beginning this issue, the title of the journal was simplified to Katúah Journal. A quarterly publication, it was published from 1983 to 1993 and was focused on the bioregion of former Cherokee land in Appalachia. The early issues of the journal explain the meaning of the Cherokee name, Katúah, and why the editors wanted to view the world through a bioregional lens, rather than political boundaries. A volunteer production, the editors took a holistic view in tackling social, environmental, mental, spiritual, and emotional topics of the day, many of which are still relevant. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1988 Table Of Contents A list of subunits of the resource. The Perelandra Garden.......3 Spring Tonics.......6 Rooting Blueberries.......7 "First Dogwoods" a poem by Michael Hockaday.......7 Gardens of the Blue Ridge.......8 A Visit with Granny: An Interview with Carolyn Port......10 Flower Essence.......13 The Origin of the Animals: a story by Clyde Hollifield.......14 "Sacrament" "Rain Has Come Again:" poems by Janeice Ray.......15 Good Medicine: "Power".......16 Be A Tree.......17 Natural World News........18 Drumming: Letters to Katúah.......22 A Children' [sic] Page........25 Events.......28 Spring Gathering.......29 Webworking........30 Note: This table of contents corresponds to the original document, not the Document Viewer. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Sylva Herald Publishing Company, Sylva, North Carolina Subject The topic of the resource Bioregionalism--Appalachian Region, Southern Sustainable living--Appalachian Region, Southern Herbs--Therapeutic use--North Carolina, Western Plants, Edible--Appalachian Region, Southern New Age movement--Appalachian Region, Southern Wild flowers--Blue Ridge Mountains Heirloom varieties (Plants) North Carolina, Western Blue Ridge Mountains Appalachian Region, Southern North Carolina--Periodicals Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/937"> AC.870 Katúah Journal records</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a title="In Copyright – Educational Use Permitted" href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-EDU/1.0/?language=en 8" target="_blank"> In Copyright – Educational Use Permitted </a> Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Appalachian Region, Southern Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. <a title="Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians" href="https://omeka.library.appstate.edu/collections/show/79" target="_blank"> Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians </a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Journals (Periodicals) Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1980s Agriculture Appalachian Mountains Appalachian Studies Bioregional Congress Children's Page Earth Energies Electric Power Companies Geography Good Medicine Habitat Hazardous Chemicals Health Katúah Katúah Organization Pigeon River Plants and Herbs Poems Radioactive Waste Stories Turtle Island Water Quality Western North Carolina Alliance https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/d265838cdaadc8b321dba6f48590eaf8.pdf 1c5248620a6e795d64134a0d67addc57 PDF Text Text RESTORING THE CHESTNUT �"No other tree grows so rapidly or to such a great size 011 tile dry gravelly hills of the nonheastern states. Always beautiful with its massive trunk. its compact round-topped lzead, and slender dark green leaves, in early summer, long after the flowers of its companions have disappeared, the Chestnut covers itself with great masses of spikes of yellmi flowers. and is then the mos1 magnificent ohject in the sylvan landscape." 1 - Charles Sprague Sargent, Silva of North America ( 1896) ~LlAH JOURNAL Postage Paid Bulk Mail Permit #1 8 Leicester, NC 28748 P.O. Box 638 Leicester, NC Katuah Province 28748 ADDRESS CORRECTION REQUESTED �"Where There Be Mountains, There Be Chesmuts"................. 1 A Natural History Returning the Chesmut.. ................6 to the Eastern Forest by Scott E. Schlarbaum "Poem of Preservation and Praise" .......................................7 by Stephen Lewandowski Continuing the Quest.....................8 to Restore the Cliestruu by uicille Griffin Forests and Wildlifc ...................... 10 Eighty Years in tile Mountains by Taylor Crockett Gift of the Chestnut.. .................... 12 Chestnuts in the Regional Dier by Kim Sandland From the Roots ............................ .1 4 Chestnut Restoration Work An Herb Note from Lucinda ......... 17 Good Medicine:............................ 18 "The Cli.anges to Corne" Natural World News ..................... 20 Drumming: Leners to Karuah.......24 Review: Where Legends livc .......27 Young People's Page.....................29 Evcnts ........................................... 32 Webworking.................................34 "Where There Be Mountains, There Be Chestnuts" by David Wheeler I. The Forest of Old B orn as we are into the world of the twentieth century. we do not truly know the Appalachian forest. What we know as "the forest" now is a diminutive second growth sprouting from the seed and stumps of the devastation of the original trees. What we are witnessing now is the foresi's incredible powers of growth and rejuvenation and its determined endurance in the face of conditions that are becoming increasingly hostile 10 life. The forest we see is not the forest as it once was nor the forest as it could be. We have never seen the full majesty and power of the climax forest. the great specimens of "virgin" timber: massive beings - calm, beautiful, and so very alive. We never have experienced the abundance those trees provided. It is hard in the present day for our imaginations to even conceive of the numbers of living cre:uures, great and small, that the~c m:c:s supported and sheltered. "Climax" means 1he fullest expression of growth for any given environment • h is a state of dynamic equilibrium in the variety of species and distribution of populations that can sustain and continue itself un til a major climatic shift sets new conditions for climax. The deciduous forest in eastern Turtle Island (Nonh American continent) remained stable for thousands of years after the retreat of the last glacier. But within a mere 400 years after it was discovered by European culture, the forest was completely changed. ln the lowland areas, the climax forest fell back before the rush of European settlers as they immigrated in unprecedenied numbers in the 200 years following the discovery of the New World. In the last years of the nineteenth century and into the beginning of the twentieth centu~y. the remaining forest areas high an the Appalachian mounrnins were subjected 1~ timber ex.traction marked by a degree ol destructiveness unparallelled in history. . The deadliest blow, however, fell m the first half of the twentieth century when an introduced fungus disease from the Orient completely decimated the American chestnut rree (Ca.uanea dentaia (Marsh.) Borkh.), the largest and most prolific tree ~n the fore ..1. The sudden and ca1astroph1c disappearance of the chestnut sent sh~k waves through the whole forest communuy. The eastern climax forest was permanently altered, and every plant and animal species felt the impact of the chestnut's demise. (continued on p3gc 3) �," ~LJAHjOURNAL EDITORIAL STAFF THlS ISSUE: Scou Bird Jack Chaney Rob Messick Michael Red rox ChipSmilh David Wheeler Mamie Muller EDITORIAL ASSISTANCE: Sariuh LowuJay Martha Tree Sam Gray \Viii Ashe Bason Christina Mo"ison John Moffis Kim Sandland Judith llallock Tom lltndrick.s Michael Jlockaday John Lang Jeff SmJ1h John Creech Brad Stanback Brad Co111d Thanks 10 the following ror their help in preparing this issue or the Katuah Journal· Dr. Scou Schlarbaum, George Friacll. R.D. Wallilce. Dr. John Rush Elkins, Edwin M:inchester, Philip Rutter. COVER by Rob Messick PUBLISHED BY: Ka!Uah Journal PRINIED BY: The Waynesville Mountaineer Press WRITE TO US: K01U/Jh Journal TELEPllONE: (704) 683-1414 P. 0. Box 638 Leicester, NC KalUah Province 28748 Diversity 1s an impon.3nt element of b1oreg1onal ecology, both na1ural and social. In line with !hi..~ principle. the KatU/Jh Journal tries to serve as a forum for the di~ussion of regional i~'UCS. Signed 1111iclcs express only the opinion of the authors and are nol ncccssanly the opinions or Ole K<Ullah Journal editors or sUIJT. The lntemal Revenue Service has decbrcd Kati<ah u non-profit org;inization under section 501(cX3) of lhc Internal Revenue Code. All conlributions IO K01Uah are deductible from pcssooal income ux. TiiE SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN BIOREOION AND MAJOR EASTERN RIVER SYSTEMS STATEM£Nf OF PURPOSE Here in the southern-most heartland of the Appalachian mountains, the oldest mountain range 011 our continent, Turtle Island; a small but growing group has begun to take on a sense of responsibility for the implications of that geographical and cultural heritage. This sense of responsibility centers on the concept of living within the natural scale and balance of universal systems and principles. Within this circle we begin by invoking the Cherokee name" Katf.lah" as the old/new name/or this area of the mountains and for ics journal as well. The province is indicated by its natural boundaries: the Roa11oke River Valley to the north; the foothills of the piedmont area to the east: Yona Mountain and the Georgia hills to the soU/h,· and the Tennessee River Valle) to the west. The edi1orial priorities for us are to collect and disseminate information and energy which pertains specifically to this region, and to foster tile aware11ess that the land is a living being deserving of our love and respect. Livi11g in this manner is a way to insure the sustainability of the biosphere and a laslillg place for ourselves in its continuing evolwionmy process. We seem to have reached the fulcrum point of a "do or die "situation in terms of a quality sta11dard of life for all living beings on this planet. As a voice for the caretakers of this sacred land, Katiwh. we advocate a centered approach to the concept ofdece11tralizatio11. It is our hope to become a support system for those accepting 1he challenge of sustainability and the creation of harmony and balance in a total sense, here in this place. We welcome all correspondence, criticism. pertinent information. articles, artwork. etc. with hopes that Katuah will grow to sen·e the best interests of this region and all its living. breathing members. - The Editors KATUAH - page 2 AUTUMN- 1988 �• "Chestnutt, of this sorte there is very greate plenty; the tymber whereof is excellent for building, and is a very good commodity, especially ill respect of the fruit, both for man and beast.'' ·Monon, New £11glish Canaan (quoted by Charles Sprague Sargent in Silva o/Norr/i America, 1896) (conltn~ fn>m page I) fl.The Life of the Chestnut The American chestnut tree was a life-form unequalled in the eastern forests of the Tunle Tsltmd continent. The chestnur was a member of the family Fagaceae, and the leaves resembled the leaves of the beech in appearance, although they were larger and longer. being six to eight inches in length, "oblong-lanceolate" (like a long ellipse, sharply pointed at both ends), heavily toothed along the edges, with prominent veins on the underside. The dark, gray-brown bark was fissured and divided into ridges interwoven into a distinctive criss-cross pauern. The leaves were late to unfold and were followed in late June or early July by the long, pendant catkins of drooping white flowers that made a striking show on the Appalachian hillsides. Chestnut flowers gave off a sttong odor that was fragrant to some and disagreeable to others. Because they bloomed well after the last spring frost, they set a reliable crop of nuts for wildlife LO feed on each year. After the first frost in October, the prickly burs began to open and drop their sweet chestnuts into the leaves on the forest floor. The nuts were smaller than the imponed chestnuts we are familiar with today. being one-hair 10 one inch in width, two or three to each bur. Declared "one of the most useful and beautiful trees of the forests of eastern North America" by Harvard Arboretum botanist Charles Sprague Sargent, the American chestnut was surely the hallmark of the eastern woodlands. The tree was adaptable to a variely of habitat situations and grew faster than any other hardwood tree in the forest: two reasons for its widespread success. The chestnul had a spreading crown, and cast a deep shade around its base as wide as the upper branches could extend. In the open it could produce a crown up to 100 feet in width. It grew rapidly on soils that were poor and shallow as well as on deep, fenile soils, and only avoided limestone-based soils. fl was moderately tolerant of the shade of other trees, and so could grow up through their shade until it in tum overshadowed them and suppressed lheir growth. The chestnut tree is thought to have originated in China. The first seeds could have been carried into Nonh America in the food pouches of migrating humans. The oldest evidence of the chestnut tree on this continent was found in Yellowstone National Park and dates back 50 million years ago to the Eocene Era. Once established on Tunle Island. the chestnut tree migrated widely. Signs of its presence have been found in Alaska and Greenland. But climatic changes gradually pushed the species into the eastern half of AUTUMN· 198 the continent. There were 18 or 20 glaciations during the last two million years. Each time the ice sheets pushed au before them. After each glacier retreated, the chestnut followed. The chestnut was a slow mover, probably because it was a self-sterile tree, and at the time of its demise it was still a relative newcomer to the northern pans of its habitat. Evidence shows that Cas1a11ea arrived in the Connecticut River Valley a scant 2,000 years ago. Jn 1914 Professor Anhur Graves of Yale University gave the range of Casr.af!4a as extending "from southern Maine to the valley of the Winooski River in northern Vennom, to southern Ontario, and along 1he American chestnut tree in size, but because of its rapid growth habit and greater tolernnce to shade, the chestnut prevailed as a dominant tree throughout its range, while the poplars were limited in number, usually being restricted to choice cove habitats. Today the yellow poplar inhabits m1my of the sites formerly dominated by chestnut. In its time. however, the chestnut tree often comprised 25% of the forest, reaching densities of 70-85% on the mountain slopes of Katuah. So plentiful was the species that a member of DeSoto's expedition through the Appalachians in 1520, who styled himself "The Gentleman of Elvas," declared as simple fact, "Where there be mountains; there be chestnuts: they are somewhat smaller than the chestnuts of Spaine," thus providing the first recorded reference to the species by a white person in the New World. m. Chestnut Ecology Natural r011ge of till! Am<ricon chL.ttnut tru. shores of Lake Ontario to southeastern Michigan, southward in the ~tern pan of its range to Delaware, and in the west to southeastern Indiana and extreme southern Illinois, while it extends along the wuthem Appalachians to north central Georgia. central Alabama and Mississippi, and central Tennessee (sec map)." In the southern mountains the tree was common on slopes between 2,000 and 4,000 feet in elevation, but it was seen in the low bo11oms and up LO 6.000 feet on the highest peaks. lt was in the Southern Appalachians that the chestnut attained its greatest dominance and its grandest size. Gifford Pinchot in a 1897 report told of tre~s reaching 120 feet in height and 13 feet in diameter. Although the chestnut usually grew to only 50-70 feet in height in t~e nonhem part of its range, a standard tree in the Southern Appalachians would be 90 feet tall and 4-6 feet in diameter, often living beyond 500 years of age. Only the yellow poplar tree ( Liriodefldron mlipfera) rivaled the The American chestnut tree was not only a grand and unique species in the 11egral eastern climax forest, it was also an i1 species. Oak trees. red maple, and sometimes hemlock and gray birch. were other t:ree species that, along with the yellow poplar, could make a place for themselves alongside the chestnut. In the shadow of their high crowns grew hazel, holly, and dogwood trees; huckleberries and other Vaccirrnium species: and spicebush, flame azalea, dog hobble, mountain laurel, and rhododendron: the familiar understory plants of the mountain forest. These species interacted with the chestnut trees in a multitude of ways to provide the conditions for their mutual growth. Even the soil chemistry and water patterns of the forest were 1nnuenced through their many generations of continuous habitation. This association provided optimal conditions for a wide variety of wildlife. Many animals ate the chestnuts: they were a nutritious. abundant, and dependable food source. Game nourished at a rate inconceivable today. Families of deer and flocks of turkeys moved among the thick trunks of the giant trees in the shady twilight. Foxes denned in fallen, hollowed trunks. Raccoons stored chestnuts in their holes high off the ground, while chipmunks carried nuts 10 their small holes among the boulders. Squirrels and jays quarrelled over possession of trees-full of the succulent feast. Immense flocks of passenger pigeons paused in their migrations to gorge on the small, sweet nuts. In winter. elk pawed the ground to tum up chestnuts hidden in the leaves beneath the snow. These animals in tum fed the great predators that stalked the woods and s:iiled the skies: the grny wolf, the mountam hon. the red-tailed ha wk. the peregrine fal<X>n. and the golden eagle. (continued on page S) KATUAH · page �Mrs. ~Jimh Shelto11 of Sevier Col/Jl/y. Tc1111cs.set with her um Olld thru daughters s1afllling in front of a giant chest11UJ tree MJJr Trtmofl/, presently in IM Great Smoky Mountains National Park.. /"his photo was taken 111 1920. KATUAH - page~. AUTUMN- 1988 �"They also grew behind my house, and 011e large tree, which almost overshadowed it, was. when in flower, a bouquet which scented the whole neighborhood, but tile squirrels and the jays got the most of its fruit; the last coming in flocks early in the morning and picking tile nuts out of the burs before they fell. I relinquished these trees to them and visited the more distant woods composed wholly of chestnut. These nuts, as far as they went, were a good substitute for bread." - Henry David Thoreau, Walden (1854) (continued from p:1ge 3) And high in the trees the black bears would bend or break the branches in 1he foll of the year to pull the sweet nuts from their spiny husks to provide the all-imponant calories necesary for them to survive their winter sleep. Dead chestnu1 trees also provided large, hollow trunks that were the bears' preferred denning sites for a warm winter home and a secure place for the females to binh their cubs. Humans came to live in the forest. The Indians hunted Lhe animals that fed on the chestnuts and also foraged for the nuts themselves to store for the winter. As their agriculture developed, chestnut bread made of chestnuts ground into com flour and tied in com husks to boil became a staple dish. They also used an infusion of the chestnut leaves medicinally 10 cure the whooping cough. When the white settlers came, they valued the chestnut tree for the use they could make of it. Most of the newcomers were farmers, so they cleared the chestnut ttees from their farming fields and used the logs to build their cabins. They roofed their small dwellings with shakes split from bolts of chestnu1 wood. Chestnut rails and fence posts kept their animals in the pasture. And when the farmer died, he was buried in a chestnut box. Because of its high tannin content, chestnut was highly resistant to moisture and rot when in contact with the soil, and was known as the best coffin wood. 1n 1914 Professor Graves spoke of chestnut wood somewhat scornfully, saying, "...as far as the finer, technical uses are concerned, such as interior finish of houses, furniture, etc., it is decidedly second-class material because of its warping and checking tendencies; yet it is often used for these purposes, where 1he element of cheapness is the chief consideration. By the uninitia1ed, chestnut used in interior house finish may easily be mis1aken for the more expensive ash." But the wood was highly valued for its durability and was used for bridge and mining timbers, ships' masts. railroad ties, telegraph and, later, telephone poles. By the cum of the century, one-quarter to one-third of the saw timber crop in the Southern Appalachians was chestnut wood. It seemed that chestnut lumber was an inexhaustible resource. After 1900, tanneries bought 1he wood for $2.00 per cord to extrac1 the tannic acid from the bark and wood for leather processing. Chestnut was also a major source of pulpwood for the paperrnaking industry. With the chestnut so prevalent, it did not seem was1eful 10 sacrifice millions of board feet of 1he wood to the industrial mills. Mountain families also counted on the fall chestnu1 drop. It was an imponant pan of 1heir livelihood. Hogs were allowed to AUTUMN-19 free-range in the forest, and the family fed on fall chestnuts in the fonn of pork roasts and hog jowls during the wintenime. In an interview with journalist Vic Weals of the Knoxville Journal, John McCaulley, a former inhabilant of Cades Cove (now pan of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park), spoke about this way of stock-raising: "In the fall we'd separate into families and go into the mountains to 1end to our hogs - move them along from place to place where the chestnuts were plentiful. "Our hogs ran wild in 1he woods. We'd put a bell on the old sow and tum her out, with the liller, and go see about her, along. "And then in the fall of the ye.ar we'd drive !hem home just as fat as if they'd been in the cornfield. "The acorns hi1 in the fall, and the chestnuts hit, and, law, it wasn't no trouble to drive in a big herd of fa1 hogs." Foraging for chestnuts was also an important activity for many mountain families. John Mccaulley said, "I saw one time in the cabin at the bald mountain, 100 bushel of chestnuts, piled up there, and abou1 four men packing them off, every day. There was quite a lot of people there gathering chestnuts then. "There was worlds of chestnuts. I'm a-telling you, the whole eanh'd just be black with them .... "The last time 1 was ever on the mountain a-chestnut hunting, me and one of the girls rode up there one day. We got up there about one o'clock and we picked up seven bushel. ''We propped them up against a ltCC there and went back nex1 day with the mules and carried them home. We took them 10 Knoxville and got four dollars a bushel for them." FaJI was the time for game hunting, too. Every hunter knew that bear meat never did 1as1e right until the bear had filled up on chestnuts in the fall. Mountain families used the chestnuts in many different ways. For everyone and everything living in the Appalachian forest, the chestnut tree was an important fact of life. It was often taken for granted simply because it was so common, until, one day in the early I 890's, a boat returning from a successful trading nip 10 1he Orient docked in New York harbor. IV. The Destroyer Unbeknownst to anyone, a silent, invisible stowaway rode aboard that ship. Nursery stock of Oriental chestnut trees that were being imponed into the country carried in their tissues a fungus disease later 10 be known as Endorllia parasirica, the chestnut blight. Oriental trees had lived with the blight for thousands of years and had developed an inbred resistance to the fungus, but lhe native American trees were highly vulnerable to the invading organism. Observers on Long Island firs1 saw the effects of the blight in 1893, but it was not iden1ified until Hennan W. Merckcl, forester at the New York ZoologicaJ Gardens, recognized in 1904 that it was a fungus disease which was killing the tops of chestnut 1rees under his care. Merckel took bark samples to Dr. A.W. Murrill of the New York Botanical Garden, who named the new disease and published his findings. But Endotllia already had a headstan on the scientists. The blight spread by 1wo kinds of spores. 1n Lhe summer infected cankers on the trees oozed a sticky mass of spore material tha1 stuck to the feet of birds and insects and was thus carried long distances to other trees. In the winu:r clouds of microscopic spores, like puffs of dus4 were carried by lhe winds. On landing in a crack in the bark of a chestnut tree, the spores grew into the wood, causing large cankers (or swellings) on the irunk. The cankers were visible as orange-tinted (continued on p:ige 28) Summary of measurements of a group of nine chestnuts in a sheltered hollow on Noland Creek, Swain County, North Carolina (Soll. 9ooa: upecl., 1:outhe>rly1 • levadon, 2,500 ''"'I.I Age ...•.•.........••................•.......••..•.... years .. 202 Diameter of stump, inside bark ...............•..••... inches .. 41 Average increase in diameter of stump for each decade ••... do .. 2 Increase in diameter for last ten years ................. do .. 1.1 Height ..•.•...•...•...•.............•.•........•...... feet .. 108 Length of merchantable timber ...••.•........•...........• do •. 62 Diameter, at top of merchantable timber, inside bark .........•...........•. inches •. 21 Merchantable timber ..• - •.•..•............•....• feet B.M .•. 2,200 SOlVtt A'j(!rs.11.B. and WW. hM; The Soulhcm Appalachian Forest; US GttJlogical Sun;ey. Pro{u1Wmal Paper No. J7 ,p 49 (1905) KATIJAH- page 5 �RETURNING THE AMERICAN CHESTNUT TO THE FORESTS OF EASTERN NORTH AMERICA by Scott E. Schlarbaum In the years following the infes1ation of the blight fungus that destroyed the American chesmut tree (Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Borkh.) throughout i1s range. developing blight resistance in the na1ive ches1nut became a goal for various scientific research programs in this counrry. Literally thousands of cross-pollina1ions were made in an effon to incorpor:ue blight resistance into the genetic background of 1he American chestnut. Native chestnut trees tha1 were believed to be blight-resistant were crossed with each 01her Other chestnut trees were crossed with Castanea species from Europe, Japan, and China, as well as with the closely related chinkapin species. Resistance to 1he blight was greatest in hybrids involving Asiatic chestnuts. However, 1hc poor form of 1hc Asia1ic species was also inherited. Differences in bligh1 resisiance were detected in the American x American crosse~. but 1he levels were so low that mos1 scientists gave up the project as unfeasible. Because of the largely negative results produced by these two lines of research, most of the breeding programs to restore the American chesmut to the eas1em forest had been discontinued by the mid- I970's. llowever, research on the Castanea species and on the chestnut blight fungus (Endothia parasitica) did not stop. A small number of plant pathologists and breeders fom1ed a regional research project, "NE-140 Biological Improvement of Chestnut," to continue studying the species and the disease. This project still exists and has grown to include representatives from seven state agricultural experiment stations and various federal agencie~. Private organizations. such as the American Chcstnu1 Foundation and the Roche Institute for Molecular Biology. also arc involved in various aspects of chestnu1 research and anend annual NE 140 1cchnical meetings. Research projects range from tr.insi1ional breeding and plant pathology investigations to molecular generics studies of the tree and the pathogen. A renaissance in chestnut experimeniation came as a result of developments in two different areas of research. One was the discovery of trees that had been infected with less virulent strains of 1hc chestnut blight fungus (hypovirulcnt strains): the other was the discovery of an unexplored breeding approach tha1 may provide the solution for returning the American cheMnut 1rcc to its place in the eas1em forest The discovery of hypovirulent strains of the chestnut bligh1 fungus has excited both 1hc scientific communi1y and the general public (sec page this issue), A tree infected with a hypovirulcn1 strain of the Endotllia fungus can heal and eventually recover completely. Moreover, if spores of the hypovirulent fungus land on or near the infection site, 1hey can transform the virulent strain to a hypovirulcnt condi1ion, Figure t. BRF.EDISG SCllF..\fE TO PROVL'Cf: BLIGJl1" RESISTAXT .~ .\fERICA.\' CHESfNLfTS Chinese ---- I11 YBRlDIZt\'flO:'ll t IF cF.:-;ERAno:-;I I ---- Badcross (BC) Bh11ht Resistant American Bhght Suscephblc to Amcm:nn Chestnut t !Uc:, GENERATION! I Snc1!n for Perltal Rcs1slancc Badcross Parhall\' Rrsastant Trees IBt + Gl::;>.;ERATIO:\I I Scrncn und Baclccros~ t lBC CF.NERATIQNI I Snecn 11ncl Cross within BC, Crnarahon Ir Resistant + GE.'\ERATID~I ''' Pnrli«lh Resistan1 Susrcptible I Screen & Select Resistant Trees + Breeding Population of Resistant Tr~' Prepared by ProfCSD" Sclllarbaum a!icr Burnham Gl.OSSARY: Baduoss. C'o" betwun a hybridJ:td o/!Jf"llll o!ld MLm«r of its f'<J'tlll s~ctts Blight rtslstane1. l11lr.trittd abif1ry to l41tlutalld blight. Cambium .l'trtical ll1}tr 111 sttms ofplanu 011d trus 111 which trat1Sport of nu1ria1ts occws: includes tlr.t ph/O(m alld xy/tm ltJytr!, Canlctr. Wowul caused by dJSeaSt; infection .nit Fplcormlt sprouts. Smalt brancht'J that cofrU' off the sidts of tht' main sum. KATUA I · page<> Hybrid. Cross betwu11 rwo sptc1e.s, tht olfspr111g of 14·hidi dots not necusunlJ ahibit purt111 chvactL.nsacs. llJpo•irultnt uss vrTult11t, l4'tilkt11td str0111 of blight Phlotm. Stem laytr which carries org.1nic mattrial i11 plants. S1ratificatian.C0<1/ing of ued.s to trUmic na1ival 1Hntu111g prou.u. Xyltm. Sttm layer which carrits ..atu i11 plants. AlHUMN- 1988 �• .• thereby allowing the tree to recover. Early observation of the hypovirulent strains gave rise to optimism that a biological control for chestnut blight had been discovered. Unfortunately, this optimism was premature, as infection by hypovirulent strains does not immunize a cree, as vaccinarions do for humans. For a tree to recover from the blight, spores of the hypovirulent strain of Endotlzia must come into contact with each virulent canker. There is also a question of compatibility, as there are many varieties of the blight, and a hypovirulent strain may not necessarily combine with a panicular virulent fonn of the fungus. Despite the fact that hypovirulence is not the whole answer to the chestnut blight, extensive research is being conducted on these variant strains. This research is providing much-needed information on lhe biology of the chestnut blight fungus and contributes greatly to the overall scientific effon. ' I I ' ':' I \ : I 11 ,' The gTeatest promise for a return of the American chestnut, however, lies with a breeding scheme commonly used with agronomic crops. The technique was devised by Dr. Charles Burnham, professor emerims at the University of Minnesota and a member or the National Academy of Science. In a survey of the scientific literature undenaken some years ago, Dr. Burnham uncovered some clues that led him to believe that restoration of the American chestnut might still be possible. Results of the early experiments had caused scientists to believe that resistance to the blight was contr0lled by many genes and that it was genetically linked to the low, spreading growth form characteristic of the Oriental chestnut varieties. In reviewing the data, Dr. Burnham came to the conclusion that blight resistance was controlled by only one or two genes, and he found no evidence that blight resistance and tree form were linked together. These realizations led him to investigate one breeding approach that had not been fully explored: backcrossing of hybrids to pure American chestnut stock. Professor Burnham escima1cd chat af1er initial hybridiza1ion between American and Chinese chestnuts, t4fee generations of backcrossing of blight-resistant selections to American chestnut would yield trees that were predominately American chestnut, possessing the moderate blight resistance of the first generation Chinese x American hybrids (see diagTam). Intercrossing of third generation backcross trees would produce a percentage of trees with the form of the American chestnut and the blight resistance of lhe Chinese strain. Currently there are a number of regional breeding projecis following Professor Burnham's stra1egy. Even within the same species, trees exhibit different charac1eristics in response to different environmen1al conditions, and trees must be bred to meet the demands of the area they are to inhabit. Therefore, each region is developing its own chestnut population, specifically adapted for conditions in that region. In the Southern Appalachian Mountains, chestnut restoration work following Dr. Bumham's approach is being carried out through a cooperative project formed by the University of Tennessee with the National Park Service, the US Forest Service Southern Region, the Tennessee Valley Authority, the Tennessee Division of Forestry, and the American Chestnut Foundation. The American chestnut t.ree sprouts vigorously from the roots and so, although the cops of the giant chestnut tree have been destroyed, recurring root sprouts preserve the species' genetic architecture. These sprouts can reach reproductive maturity in the fores! Scion wood cuttings from flowering sprouts bave been gathered by National Park Service staff in 1he Great Smoky Mountains National Park for grafting at the University of Tennessee. A substantial breeding population is being accumulated. If enough grafts flower next year. actual breeding will begin. Unfonunately, most chestnut research programs arc hampered by a lack of funding. It may be d1fficuh for a (continued on page 23) AUTUMN- 191SIS • • • . . . . . ... .. . . . . ~ . • . . .. • •. •. • • .• .· .. .. • Poem of Preser\'ation and Praise • • • • for the /-lemlock!Canadice Watershed • • • . • • • • • • by Stephen Lewandowski . • • • • • ... .••. .. ..•. . .. ... ·: • • •. HERE JS THE LAND WHERE TREES HAVE A VOTE. WATCH HOW THEY ARE CAST. WHITE PINE VOTES FOR CLEAN AJR. BLACK WIUOW VOTES FOR WATER. YOUNG POPLARS LOITERING JN A CROWD VOTE FOR A FLOWING SPRING. TRIBES OF CHESTNUT AND ELM ARE SADLY DIMINISHED: THEIR ONCE GREAT PLURAUTIES SILENT. SHAGBARK HICKORY VOTES IN A HAJL OF NUTS. SUGAR MAPLE AND BLACK CHERRY CAST A SWEET BALLOT. AT THE MARSH EDGE BEECH, BIRCH. MAPLE AND ASH GATHER TO DISCUSS ISSUES. SCOTCH PINE PLANTATIONS VOTE IN A BLOCK UKE A UNION. HERE AND THERE LONELY IDEALISTIC HEMLOCKS HANG AGAJNST A SHADY BANK STILL VOTING AGAINST GRA Vl7Y. AGAJN THIS SPRING WITH FLOWER. LEAF, ROOT, BRANCH AND BOLE. TREES VOTE UNANIMOUSLY TO BASK IN SUNSHINE, TO HOW SOIL AND DRINK WATER, AND TO RETURN US BREATH. . • ."' . :• · .• • · • • • • • • • • • • • .• . . . .. • • • . . · . • • • • :· • . . • • • . . • • • . • • • .. .. ... • ... ..... ... • .. •. •. .. . .. .. .. .. ... . .. • • .... • .. ... • ·: •. • • • ·: •. • ... • • •. •. •. •.. • • •. •. • • .. .. ·: ·: • • • • • • ·: • .• • . • • • • . ·•. . ·• . .. .. •. • •.. • • Sttphtn Uw<Jndowsk.i is a biortgionol ~I and native of tlu! Fingtr LaUs arta of Ntw York Sta~. lit i.f currtntly d1smct educator with tht Ontario Counry Soil and Water Conservation Dwrir.t. lli.f works inc/ULlt . Daohe'ko, The • .. .. Three Sisters an Seneca Life: lmphcauons for a Z-:auvc Agric:uhurc an the Finger Lakes and Ten Tilousand Y~ m Ten Mmu1c:1. a shon na1ur:il history of the Wc~tcm Finger • • ... .. • ·: •. Lair.cs. . . . . . . . ..... . . . KATUAH - page 7 -- • ... .. . • �This idea is not new. It has been tried previously, but worldwide scientific investigations of the past 30 years have supplied Griffin and Elkins with crucial information their predecessors lacked. The earliest crosses to encourage blight resistance in ches1nuts were made by R. B. Clapper and A. H. Graves in Connecticut. Their approach was to develop a hybrid between the American and the Oriental chesmut strains that would display the physical characteristics and vigor of the American, while retaining 1he bligh1 resistance of the Oricn1al. Hybrids from their first generation of crosses were more blight resistant than 1he American chesmut and still had reasonably straight forest form. To further increase resis1ance. these first genera1ion trees were backcrossed to Japanese and Chine~e chestnuts. Most of these seedlings grew to favor the short, spreading "apple tree" of the Oriental parents. From this group the best trees were selected on the basis of their resemblance to the American chestnut. These hybrids were planted in a sepnr.lte orchard to produce nuts by open pollination. Seedlings from these experimenis and other hybrids from later, more complicated. crosses were planted in eastern forestlands. The largest of these hybrid plantings was established in the Lc:sesene State Forest in Virginia by Richard A. Jaynes of the Connecticut Agricultunil Experiment Station in cooperation with the Virginia Division of Forestry. Eyvind Thor at the University of Tennessee at Knoxville was the first to graft shoots derived from mature trees surviving in the wild. Many of the resulting t.rees were likely to have carried some degree of blight resistance, but Thor was hindered by the lack of a definitive test for resisrance co the blighc. The university deemed his work unproductive and destroyed the nursery after his retiremenL The fate of Thor's trees convinced Griffin and Elkins 10 begin the American Chestnut Cooperators' Foundation. They joined with Al Dietz., who had for 30 years been working to induce mutations for blight resistance by exposing American chestnuts 10 ionizing radiation. With the help of Bruce Given, they were able to propagate their large surviving trees by grafting. The ftrst crosses were made between the most resistant trees from lhis graf1ed stock. The trees from these crosses are growing and Spain, and Yugoslavia, and for centuries were of great economic imponancc. Thus it was wi1h dismay that growers in Europe learned of an outbreak of the chesrnut blight fungus (£11dothia parasitica) in Italy in 1938. By 1950 the blight had spread widely in ltaly and was reported in France and other countries as well. While the European chestnut was somewhat more resistant to blight than itS American cousin, it could not defend itself against the lethal disease, and the European chestnut industry appeared doomed. However. in 1953 an Italian plant pathologist named Antonio Biraghi reported seeing groves of chesmut trees which appeared to be healing from the blight. He found that cankers were successfully fonning scab tissue, and that new cankers were restricted to the bark layer of the trees. Jean Grente, a French mycologisl, visited the Italian trees in 1964 and gathered sample materials for research. He found that there were two different stmins of the blight fungus: one was a less virulent, "hypovirulent," form of the original Endorlzia strain. Grente's most astonishing find, however, was lhat the hypovirulencc factor was transmissible: hypovirulent mains could infect the virulent E11dothia and confer the hypovirulent charJcteristics upon the killing fungus. When he inoculated blight-ridden trees wilh the hypovirulent fungus, he observed tha1 the infected cankers began to heal over, and that the trees eventually recovered. Gren1e began inoculatin~ infected trees on French chestnut plantations. After several years of continued inoculation wherever blight cankers appeared, he found that the hypovirulent blight had begun to spread naturally throughout the groves where it had been applied. The European chestnut industry was thus saved from extinction. Reports of a possible biological control of the chestnut blight in Europe caused great excitement in Nonh America. Research was begun and still continues at Michigan State University. West Virilinia University, the Connecticut Agricullural Experiment Station, and the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in Blacksburg, Virginia. The excitement increased when in ronn Woodcut by Rollo CONTINUING THE QUEST by Lucille Griffin "It is Ml beyond the grasp of science to restore the American chestnra to economic importance. It corild be accomplished within the next 50 years." • Prof. Cary Griffin A new breeding program is a11empting to develop a bligh1-resistan1 American chesmut by combining 1he genes from several large survivors of the devastation of the chesmut bligh1 fungus which swept through the eastern United Suues during the firs1 hnlf of 1his century and killed 99.9% of the species. Surviving American chestnut trees have been found in Ohio, West Virginia. and Virginia in spite of 50 years' assault by the blight. Gary Griffin a1 Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and John Elkins of Concord College, West Virginia. have saved genetic material from HYPOVIRULENCE European chesmut 1rees (Castanea sativa Mill.) were found growing near the Black Sea and were introduced into Europe by the Romans. They were planted widely in Europe, paniculnrly in Italy, France, • KA TV.~~-l - page 8 these large survivors as scion wood to be grafted onto other rootstocks. When they flower, the grafted trees are tested for possible resistance to the chestnut blight. They are then handpollinated to combine and possibly increase in their offspring any blight resistance that their parent trees may possess. By developing blight resistance in this way through several generations of genetic crosses, the scientists hope to develop a fully blight resistant American chestnut tree. ~U"ft.JMN • !988 �awaiting tests for blight resistance. Besides lacking a reliable screen for blight resistance, Clapper, Thor, and the other early researchers knew nothing of a weakened strain of the blight fungus (called hypoviruient), which was not identified in this country until 1977. They also did not know co assess the role of the environment, which sometimes enhanced tree survival. Thus, the effects of nature intervening on behalf of certain American chestnut trees were often wrongly identified as indications of natural, and therefore heritable, blight resistance. Accordingly, selections made in earlier breeding trials were often mistaken, and doomed the success of those early programs. The development of an observational index 10 blight resistance by Griffin was a significant contriburion to chestnut research. The test is simple. One year after inoculating a tree with virulent Endothia parasi1ica, the vertical length of the cankers is measured and factored by the percent of cankers reaching the tree's vascular cambium layer underneath the bark. This gives a shorthand "canker severity index" thac has proven to be a valuable shortcut 10 determining the mosi likely breeding stock. This test has helped to determine why a few large American chestnuts still survive in the Southern Appalachians: some arc living mainly because of the effects of the hypovirulent fungus; a few because of some degree of herirnble blight resistance; and many because of a combination of these factors. in addition to environmental advantages. At Concord, Elkins developed a chemical test for blight resistance in Chinese chestnuts through analysis of the tannins. He is now working on a similar screen for the American chestnut. based on enzymatic analysis. Such a test would greatly improve breeding efficiency by further shortening the interval between planting and selecting from each generation. Offspring trees from lhe American Chestnut Cooperators' Foundation breeding program are growing in the Manin American Chestnut Planting on Salt Pond Mountain, Virginia, and at Beckley, West Virginia. Planted in 1982, they represent the first generation produced by combining the genes of resistant American parents. Some may already have resistance levels adequate for planting in orch:ird or y:ird. By testing and selecting among them through several more generations of controlled crosses, as much blight resistance as possible will be loaded into the American chestnut. If all goes as predicted, 1rees resulting from this carefully directed breeding program will be fit to compete once again for a niche in our eas1em hardwood foresLS. calculate it with certainty, scientists decline to set a definite deadline, but they do offer a few hints. From germination, it takes the American chestnut an avCr:lge of ten years to bear nuts, though grafting may reduce that time period by three to live years. Chestnut 1rees usually reach large sawlog size in 50 to 55 years. but very favorable growmg conditions can shorten this estilllllte by as much as JO yeats. Gary and John, both about 50, expect to see blight-resistant American chestnut trees growing in Appalachia. They believe our grandchildren will see JOO-foot chestnut trees once again dominating the eastern forest. 1976 Mrs. Priscilla Johnson of Rockford. Michigan. found what she thought 10 be hypovirulent blight on trees in her town. Scientists in Connecticut confirmed that she had indeed found a naturally-occurring hypovirulent Endothia strain on the Nonh American continent. Jn the ~ame year hypovirulent strains were discovered on wild chestnut trees in Virginia. A research team at Michigan State University led by Dennis W. Fulbright also reported the encouraging news that hypovirulent strains of the blight were spreading among infected groves of old chestnut trees in Michigan. But the hopeful ~igns in :Vlichig:in occurred in an ecological vacuum: outside the irec's natural range. Experiments to test the hypovirulent £mlothia as a biological control for lhe blight within the chestnui's natural range proved discouraging. First. researchers found Lhat the varieties or the native strain of the parasite were many and diverse. Thcv found that in order for a hypovirulent" fungus to modify a leth.11 strain, the two must be compatible, or the hypovirulcnt fungus will have no effect. They were also disappointed to learn that applied hypovirulcnt E11do1Jria also offered no lasting cure. llypovirulence is caused by a virus-like factor in the cytoplasm of the weakened strain. a "disease of the disease," in a sense. Because lhe hypovirulent facto~ are transferred from one form of the blight 10 the other, the hypovirulent strain must come in contact with each infected canker. Trees do not acquire immunity from contact with the hypovirulent blight. New evidence also andic:ucs that the hypoviruleot blight is not always :;table and may rcven back to the v1rulen1 fom1. II appears th:u biological control of the chcsmut blight in Appalachia, "'here Endothia has been running rampant for 50 years. 1s much more complicated a proposition than it was in Europe. Scientist!> pursuing this line of research are now grappling with the questions of how much of a reservoir of hypovirulcm £11dmh1a and how many different forms of the ~train would be necessary to actually hope for any control in lhe field. Environmental factors must also be considered. Young chestnut sprouts or seedlings in a forest seuing must compeLe with other tree spt'Cics as well as fend off the blighL Just like the sprouting chestnut t.ree itself, however, hope for finding an effective strain of hypovirulcnt E11dothia is <>till alive. Besides being seen on \\ild chestnut sprouts in Appalachia. naturally-occurring hypovirulence has also been found on a plantation of trees planted for rcse:m:h purposes in Maryland. The trees with the weakened blight arc apparently recovering. More reason for hope comes from 11 planting of chestnut trees in Connecticut. Treated with a mixture of hypovirulent fungus strains ten years ago, the experiment w.is later declared n failure, and the trees were left for dead Recently. however, the disease has appeared to have gone "into rcmii.~ion." Old cankers arc healing over. and new ones arc le;;s severe. Dr. Jack Elliston and hls team arc working to find out .... hy. Biological control of the chestnut blight in Appalachia is ndmittcdly :i long shot, but some fair day it might be a p:in ot the program that restores the American chestnut tree to the eastern foresL ~ AUTIJMN · 1988 Living Chestnut Tree in Flc>yd Co.. VA How long will it take? Will we get to see lhe really big trees? Because they cannOI KATUAH • page 9 �FORESTS AND WILDLIFE EIGHTY YEARS IN THE APPALACHIAN WOODLANDS by Taylor Crockett Taylor Crockett was brought up in Black Mountain, North Carolina, the son of a Presbyterian minister. His father was ofren gone, raising money for the church, and young Taylor fell in with an old-timer who trapped, and hunted herbs and semi- precious stones. Taylor <kdares that hunting was "in his nature." During the 1930's, after his family moved 10 Macon County, North Carolina, the young man would go ow hunting and fishing for several days at a rime in between logging jobs. Sometimes he would carry a blanker with him; other times he would simply crawl into a "dry holler" with his dogs and pile old leaves high over the whole group of them to keep warm for the nighJ. In those days, when he was ''young and i"esponsible," he traveled the whole te"itory from Wayah Bald to the head of the Na111ahola River. The general belief was that the bears had been exterminated in that area, but Taylor explored places where other people never went, and he occasionally saw bear sign. "For years," he says, "I had the only pack of bear dogs in Macon County." He has always favored the Pion lwwul. In 1971 afrie11d gave Taylor a .44 Magnum pistol, and he used it for tlie rest of his Juuuing career, because it was easier 10 carry through the laurel thickets than his old .44 Winchester CtJTbine. Taylor and his wife live in a log cabin half-buried in additioru in the Carroogechaye Commw1ity south of Franklin, North Carolina. He was 81 years old on August 4, 1988. Perhaps that is why he noticed when he went om bear hunting last year that lie "could11'1 keep up with the dogs the way I used lO." -The Editors This pholograpli ap~ar~d in The American Lumberm111 shortly afltr IM turn ofIM u111ury. When the white settlers first came into this country, the mountains were covered by great, open forests. 1 moved 10 Macon County in 1928 and, when I arrived here, there was still a lot of virgin forest left. Half of the Nantahala River watershed was still virgin forest at that time. The carrying capacity of the forest was much greater at that lime than it is now. Under the conditions of the climax forest then: was a lot more sunlighr., and the woods were opened up so that certain grasses and weeds could grow under 1he 1rees. There was oak grass and wild legumes, like pcavine and beggar Lice, that kepi 1he animals fat. IJigh-bush blueberries and blackberries would grow in the openings where one of the big trees had died :ind fallen out of the crown. Mast was plentiful al that lime as chesmut. Some high coves I have seen were half chesmu1 and the rest would be a mixed stand of oak, (yellow) poplar, and cherry. These were big, rich coves with a good s1and of timber. ln the old days when the wl'llte people first came here, there were a 101 of bear, and the settlers had to thin 1hem down, if they wanted to plan1 any com or raise any livestock. In those times the way they raised lives1ock was to mark them and let them free-range in the open woods. They hunted bear partly for meat, partly for spon, and panly for self-preservation. because one bear could kilJ several sheep or a calf or a hog in one nigh1. Not every bear did that, but stock would be missing every now and then. I was talking with an old couple by well. Probably 20 perceni of the forest was the name of Phillips, inquiring about the KATUAH .- page 10 .. • history of the Plou dog breed. They told me that their father had come over from Haywood County and had brought his Plou hounds with him. They said that in the summer their father would trap bear, and then in the fall, when the weather got colder and the bears got fat and fit to eat, their father would take up the traps and hunt the bears with dogs. Hunting the bears so much exterminated them everywhere except for the roughest, most isloatcd pockets of land. In those days people virtually replaced the native wildlife with caule, hogs, and sheep. As the Forest Service began taking over in the l 920's, they instituted a "stock law," which said that a farmer had 10 fence in his fields and that livestock could run loose in the woods. But fewer and fewer people were depending on the open range, and finally a law was pru;scd that said that the livestock AUTUMN- I �The most critical changes affecting wildlife today are the result of clearcutting. In the next 25 years clearcutting is going to have a devastating effect on our wildlife. had to be fenced in. By that time most people thought that the bears had been completely exterminated, but I spent a 101 of time out there, and I knew better. I used to like to stan up Mill Creek, go out Old Bald, down to Wine Spring, over to White Oak, and come back out by Silcr's Bald and down. I would take off two, three, maybe four days, whatever I felt like. 10 fish and hunt. J spent a 101 of time in the upper reaches of the Nantahala River. Those thickets are rough up there, and once in a while I would see some bear sign. Nobody else knew about il, because nobody else went out there. Even the game warden said, "No, there's not a bear in these mountains." But in the '30's when the Great Smoky Mountains National Park was created, the bear started coming back. The population was back up to a pretty good level a decade ago, but it has been overhunted in the last five years-"ovcrkilling the increase," as they say. h's getting hard to find country to hunt over here. There are too many hunters for the mountain territory. Hunting appeals to 3I1 inherited streak that has been passed down from when we were nearly wild animals ourselves. Hunting b an outlet for that thing that's in our nature. Of course in earlier days there was a reasonable excuse for wanting to kill bears, because they threatened the people's way of living. That's not the case anymore. But any time a specie:; of wildlife has only a limited area in which the population can expand, they have 10 be kept under control, or their numbers will get out of hand, and they will starve or do the environment harm. Hunting is the best method, unless it is overdone. Hunting bears the old-time way made for a good contest. An ordinary man wouldn't get a bear every time. A man had , to be physically fit and willing to hang with it. h was a good contest. With these roads and thc:-.c walkie-talkies, it':-. not such a good contest anymore. I remember a bear they killed last year across the Glade Gap. That bear had run from way over on Tusquitec, across the mountain, and he was home free, except that a man in a truck saw him crossing the road. He got on that walkie-talkie, reached those men on the hunt, and told them where the bear was. They drove all the wav around, about 15 miles, put some more dogs on the track and eventually killed th:u bear. That':. ju't not giving the bear a chance. What appeab to me now is the dogs' pcrfom1am:e. A good bear dog puts his life at risk all the time. If he is going 10 slop that bear for you, he has 10 be constantly in and out. He pinches the bear, and he dodges. h's a satisfaction 10 see a dog 1ha1 really does 1he work. The contest of finding a bear. of hunting him, and watching the dogs perform is what appeals to me. I don't care about killing a bear anymore. 1 wan1 most of mine to get away. But once in awhile you have to get some blood for your dogs, or they'll wonder what i1's all about. I've noticed that when I was younger and able to follow my dogs close enough that they could sense my presence, they worked a 101 harder. They knew somebody was behind them backing them up. Even today, the more successful hunters will be the young fellows who follow their dogs up close. The most critical changes affecting wildlife today are the result of clearcuuing. In the next 25 years clearcutting is going to have a devastating effect on our wildlife. h's a cumulative effect. For the first few years clcarcuts provide more deer browse, and insects will be there for the turkey and grouse. But when those saplings get up 10-15 feet high, and they arc as thick as they can grow, lhey shade out all the early succession plants, and thereafter that area is of very little wonh for wildlife. It remains that way for years and years. until the uccs get large and old age thins the forest out naturally. But the Forest Service docs not let that happen. Under the even-aged management system, af1er 60-80 years they come back and clearcut it again. Clcarcuuing is also creating an imbalance in the timber species. When the chestnut died out, it opened up large spaces for sunlight to hil the forest noor, and, if it was a good, rich cove, this was an ideal situation for poplar 10 grow. The result was a 101 of young poplar thickets. Poplar is a fas1-growing tree and a good umber species, but it is not the same as oak or chestnut. Poplar will not suppon much wildlife. A boomer (red squirrel) or a gray squirrel might eat some poplar seed. but the main value of poplar for wildlife is that wherever poplar comes up. grapevines come up with it. Wild grapes arc a wry fine fall wildlife food; everything likes them. But they will not suppon the amount of wildlife th:ll a good mast crop will. Poplar is replacing oak, because it grows faster. Clearcuts arc creating conditions that favor the poplar. The Forest Service admi1s we are losing our oak trees, but they are continuing the policy that i~ responsible for the loss. In fact. if they had tried 10 think up the best way 10 replace stands of large oak timber with birch. red m.1ple, and poplar, they could not ha"c done better than what they nrc doing right now. None of those types of wood serve the same purposes as oak timber. The oak tree has some uses the other woods cannot fill. Poplar doesn't grow as fast on the poorer ridges. and these would stay in oak after clearcuuing. but the Forest Service is replanting these ridges in \\-hite pine. That is a poor policy. One hundred board feet of oak is wonh twice as much as 100 board feet of white pine. Of course, white pine grows a 101 foster, but while the white pine is making fiber, the oak tree will be furnishing wildlife food and a valuable timber. The F0Tcs1 Service is also putting roads through the last territory in which the bears can find a little isolation and pro1cc11on. Because of the roughness of the terrain, those areas were natural sanctuaries, but now those areas arc being laced with gravel roads. With tha1 kind of access and radios and radio-tracking collars on the dogs, it is going to be more than the bears can stand. Some hunters want the roads open, but a 101 of hunters have learned. When the Forest Service first put the gates up with locks on them, the hunters would shoot off the locks and go in anyhow. They could ride the roads in their jeeps and lei lhe dogs trot along, and 11 was easy hunting. But they found Out lhat after tWO Or three years Of that, they could ride around there all night and never sec a bear. That was when they decided that they would rather have it a little harder and have some game ro hunt for. So now, while not aJI hunters are reconciled to closing the roads, a 101 of them are. Even when it is gated, a graveled road gives more a'-ccss. Two years ago I got a bear over here 1n Macon County on a new gravel road. Before, ii was all I could do to get through that area with just two dogs; I couldn't go one·third as far in a day, so that gave the bear some protection. That extra access, even if it i:. on foot. is huning the bear, and there nrc rm.ny miles or :idditional acces). The Forest Service is essentially nuking a tree farm out of our wood.\. Small clcarcuts here and there would be alnght. But clcarcutting at the rate of 10.000 acres per year, the way we arc now, is going to result in a young forest that will not suppon the numbers of wildlife that 1he forest should. Because of both the densi1y and the species make-up, the forest is not going to support the game that it has in the past. KA TIJMI, page 11 �Gift of the Chestnut by Kim Sandland On a sultty July evening, my back weary from hoeing and weeding, strands of hair sticky-plastered down my neck, I dreamily anticipate snowboot puddles on lhe kitchen floor, a robe of snuggledown, and the simmering sweet smell of summer's preserved fruits wafting in from the kitchen. Cooking! Cooking is the last thing on my mind in summer .... or is it? Rummaging through the freezer I find it at la.st: one of winter's favorite memories- that la.st bag of chestnuts gleaned from a friend's Cherryville farm. I'm not lucky enough yet to gather my own, but as I chop a cupful of the fragram nuts, steamed tender and ready for sau!Cing in butter and brown sugar (or my favorite, maple sugar... and, yes, I add a liule rum to mine). and savor the anticipation of winier and winter foods, I know I will gather chestnuts from my own tree someday. Someday soon, it looks like. Parts of the nation are nunuring a growing chestnut agriculture with natives or with blighc-resistant hybrids of the once magnificent American chestnut tree. That chestnuts were once a staple in the diets of wildlife and humans in the Southern Appalachians is undisputed. The notes of early scientists and settlers, some as early as the 16th century, include chestnuts among the foods of native Americans. Among nut crops, gathered in the fall by Indians throughout the Southeast and dried for storage, the chestnut was the most important, followed by chinquapins (a small variety of the chestnut), pecans, hickory nuts, and walnuts. Mooney's collected field notes of the late l800's related how the Cherokee burned the forcSlS in the fall to clear the leaves and expose the chestnuts when they dropped to the ground as the burs split apart. Chestnut bread, made by adding chopped chesrnuts to a com batter, wrapping pauies of dough in com shucks and boiling them in water, and eaten fresh or sun-dryed for storage, was a delicacy for the Indians of the Southeast. This recipe and the value of gathering from the seemingly limitless bounty of plant and animal foods were passed along by natives to early settlers. Gathered chestnuts were used as a form of exchange by early Americans. The people of the Southern Appalachians. for whom chestnuts had been a plentiful staple, were especially hard-hit by the chestnut blight. Some of our elders living today may yet remember buying hot roasted chestnuts from streetcomer vendors, gathering chestnuts for the campfire roast, or enjoying grandmother's Thanksgiving stuffing. KA UAll - page 12 Chestnuts can return to Appalachia as an agricultural crop. Chestnut agriculture flourishes in Europe and in the Orient, where blight resistance has evolved or has been successfully introduced. Chestnuts have been cultivated in the Orient for thousands of years, and chestnut orchards on the Mediterranean island of Corsica, for example, produce an average of more than 3,000 lbs. per acre. J.R. Smith, in his book Tree Crops, compared this yield to that of com in the Southern Appalachians: "Yields of corn in Appalachia and of chestnuts on European mountainsides are about the same in quantity, but the corn yield can be made only occasionally and for a short period of time before erosion destroys the field. Chestnut yields on and on and holds in place the ground it feeds on." Corsicans, Smith noted, consume chestnut bread instead of com bread, and feed farm animals with dried chestnuts. A rich chestnut stew , he said, has been a basic dish for the common people throughout Europe for centuries, while the wealthy have served it in pates and sugary dessens. In Corsica "one-third of a farm is in grafted chesrnut with a byproduct of wood; one-third of the farm is in tilled fields; one-third is in pasture and hay meadows." The chestnut ttee, a proven high producer, is also fast-growing, maturing to bear fruit in only three to five years. It could be an imponant family food resource on any Appalachian homestead and replace annual crops on at least a ponion of the acreage of every mountain farm. Retail prices of chestnuts run up to $6.00/lb., while wholesale prices run $1.00-3.00/lb.. Averaging 3,000 lbs. an acre, the income potential for farmers is evidem. Twenty million dollars wonh of chestnuts are imported from orchards in Italy, France, and Korea by the United States ever year . Chestnut orchards are established in the Pacific Northwest, where the climate and growing conditions suit the species, and where the blight has not spread from the east. With the introduction of blight-resistant hybrids, the same could happen in Katuah, an area where the chestnut once reigned over all flora. The chestnut is an ideally balanced source of nutrition: high in carbohydrates, moderate in protein, and low in fat. Nutritionally, chestnuts resemble a staple grain and occupy that place in traditional diets. Michael S. Burnell, in an article in the journal Chestn11rworks, entitled "The Grain that Grows on a Tree," reveals that an almond contains three times as much fat as protein, while a chestnut has three times as much protein as fat. Chestnuts compare favorably to brown rice in nutritional components in government studies, yet brown rice has over 100 times as much sodium as chestnuts. Chestnuts contain an optimal amount of three of the essential amino acids (the components of protein) needed for adequate daily nutrition, and, gram for gram, provide more protein value than eggs. Chestnuts have the added advantage of containing no cholesterol. Chestnuts must be cooked to be palatable (raw, they produce intestinal gas). They can be boiled or steamed until tender, then sauteed in buner and served by themselves or in a variety of combinations. They can be roasted in their shells in the oven or fireplace (the flat side is slit, traditionally in an "x," so they won't explode). They can be boiled in a syrup and baked in a sugar coating for an unsurpassed confection. Yesterday at my house we had a sliced chestnut-and-squash casserole, and today we had fresh blackberry and chestnut cobbler--the last of my winter stock. l happily visualize that glorious spreading tree in my pasture, only a few years from now, and already taste the fruits of my own gathering. AUTUMN - 1988 �Essential Alnico Acid Content <1119 ot amino acid per 9~ ot proteinl l\!Di no Acid Che;stnut .I.deA.l. Trypt.ophao Lysine Sulphurcontaining amino acids Isoleucine 11.67 54.29 51 11 50.24 37.38 26 42 106 106 193 89 Chestnut Stuffing 2 lbs chestnUIS, cooktd and sieved J cup dicttl apples 1cup grruttl carrot J12 cup m.elttd bu11er smsoning do.sh paprika I cup dictd cekry 2 cups fresh breadcrumbs Native American Chestnut Bread 112 cup chopped onion 2 rblsp. chopped parsley thyme, marjoram. and rosemary, if tksired Mix all together. Stuff turkey or pumpkin or MAJOR NUTRITIONAL COMPONENTS squash. eu:. Sh.elf and put one lb. of chestnuts Chop finely or mash. Add e110ugh cornmeal to hold chtstnws togtthu, mixing ch.estnJAJS and cornmeal with boiling water Wrap in gru11 corn shucks, tying each one with white twine. Pfau in pot ofboilillg water and cook IWO /tours. Saft when ea11ng, if dWed. CHESTNUT CAKES CHESTNUT ALMOND 50\ Carbohydrate 5-10\ Protein 1-5\ Fats and Oils 20\ Carbohydrate 18\ Protein 50\ Fat. Thue may be se~d in ploct ofpow.tots: To one lb. of mashed, cooUd cht.rtnws, odd OM tbsp. cooud, chopptd onion; one oz. bw1u. and o beOlen egg. Mix thoroughly and shape into colts. COOi with egg and brtodcrumbs and fry until goldtn brown. Drarn and ~rve with parsley. 114 cup bUlttr 314 cup dark corn syrup 2 cups coolced rice 2 cups peeled chestnuJs I cup toastttl bread c~ I cup celery, chop(J(d J cup onion, chopped 2 tbsp. Uimari soy souce 1 112 tsp. poultry seOSQning or sage I 112 cup mil/cor cream (can be nut or soy} Sauti onion, celery, bread cubes, and chestnuts Ughlly. Combine with rest of ingrttlitlllS and boke at 3500 for JO min Northpon, WA 99157 <Doug/cw h)brids and other varieties) qntJ SttdliJigs} 1 tsp. vaniffa 2 cups boikd and grated or ground chest/IUts 213 cup sugar :J eggs btoten 1 singte·laycr pie shell Chestnut-Brown Rice Loaf Bear Creek Nuisery P.O. Box 411 Chcs1nu1 Hill Nursery, Inc, Rt. 3, Box U,7 Alochua, Fl. 32615 (Dunston hybrids and othLr blighz.resisJont grafts CHESTNUT PIE Recipes Chestnut Trees for the Orchs rd: Enrl Douglass Red Creek. NY 13143 (ChintSe·Amtritxur hybrid sud and settllings} Reading Resources: PreheOI oven to 45<fJ. Cream butlu and sugar togtthLr until flllffy; odd corn syrup, eggs. and vanilla. Lint pit plate with pastry and sprinkle with chestnuts. Top with beaten ingredit!llts. Salce/or JO mm.; reduct MOl lO 3500 and baJce 35 min. fongtr, or until a knife inserted in th.ti ctntu COlnl!S oui clean. Mok.es orre 8" pie. Nw Tru Culture in North America, edited by Richard A. Joynes and published by lhe Nonhem Nut Growcis' Associauon. They say it is "the most complete boolc on Nonh American nut ttetS ever wriuen; and lhis is true. ($17.SO from NNGA; Brolceo Anow Road: Hamden. CT 06518) The thru recipu above au from the Victorian Nui Growers Associa1ion Recipe Book; Mtfbourrre. Australia. Alf the above recipes were reprinted in Ch~mutworks and gleaned with pemussion. Trtt Crops: A Permanent Agriculture, by J. Russell Sm11h. Even though some of bis tnformalion is outdated. Smith's book is worth reading for his thoushtS on lrCt$ as food.producing crops. ·Lynn Fain:hild Chestnut Muffins 2 cups shelled, coolced chtstnJAJS 112 cup flour 1 tsp. hoking powder l tsp. so.It 112 cupmil/c 2 egg )'01/c.s, beaten 2 egg whites, beoten Purie the chtstnurs 111 blender; odd remoinillg ingredients. carefully folding in the well-baJtn egg whites lost Dalee ill muffin po11 in 3500 o~n for 15·20min. • {romS1 . F1ancU\>ilk WommrClub CooAbool<; SI Froncisvilk, 11/mois DraW1ngs by Kim Sandland AUTUMN· 1988 KATUAH • p;1ge I �FROM THE ROOTS: GETIING INVOLVED IN CHESTNUT RESTORATION WORK START......... . SAVE .......... A CHESTNUT TREE! ll will require a widespread grassroots ("treeroots") effort by the people of Appalachia if the magnificent American chesl.llut tree is to once again become a viable species in the orchards and forests of our mountain land. The time to st.an is now! People who intend to be serious caretakers may request chestnut seeds from the American Chestnut Cooperators Foundation (see address under "Organi7.ations," p 16. Other sources for American chestnut seed and seedlings are listed at the end of this an:icle. Hybrid trees and foreign strains for orchard plantings are available from the nurseries listed on page 13. The several chestnut restoration organizatio11s listed need your help. Some suggestions on how to support them are given. Or, find several chestnut sprouts growing near each other in the woods, release them (clear around them), and care for them. These trees still carry the original chestnut gene pattern, and, if they can be brought to bear, will make a valuable contribution to the species' gene pool. paper towels will do. Be sure 10 leave lhe bag open or lO punch plenty of air holes in ii Pu1 the nuLS 1mmediatcly in a cooler or refrigerator (32-400 is best). Do no1 freeu. The vegetable crisper is an idc:ll spoL Keep the seeds in this environmen1 for abou1 two monlhs in order 10 siroufy them. Check lhem often, and do not let them dry out. • Source. American Chestnut Revival Planting and Protection IC possible, plant your nulS directly in their permanent site and avoid transplanting, which is very fussy work and always sclS back seedling growth. ChestnulS prefer moderately acid, sandy loam soil and sunshine and require a well-dr:uned location. For maximum protection from frost, plnn1 on high ground on sloping land. Avoid known frost pockets and wet spots. At least two trees arc necessary to pollinate nuts, and they should be no more than 200 feet opan for efficient pollination. The nuts, sprouts, and young uees must be protcctcd from animals. Squirrels, chipmunks, and mice cat the seeds and young sprouLS. Mice and Care and Maintenance of Chestnut Trees Handling and Storing Nuts The time lO collect nuts is after frosl in late September and early October. Remember. chestnut l1US are self-sterile, so lhey w1U DOl produce viable nut~. unless there is another tree nearby 10 pollil13lc them. The best straregy is 10 plan1 the nuts in the fall, when they would drop nmurally. This avoids the need for str.Uilication. (StratJlication meat\S to pass the seeds through a cold, donnnnt period of two months or more to s1imula1e the seeds 10 gcnninatc.) If you purchase seeds or need to Store them, ii is imporuint never to le1 lhe nuts dry ouL Drying kills the germ. Newly obl:llncd nutS should always be kept in a mois1 (no1 wet) contamer tha1 can breathe. A iiplock bag with moist peal moss or chipmunks gnaw the roots, and rabbits enjoy the young stalks. Deer nibble the new growth and rub agGinst the trunks or saplings. The "tin can plnnling method" de1ers early underground rodent damage. Remove the top from a soup, beer, oil or similar-si7.cd can. Cut a hole one mch m diame1cr in the other end; cover with one inch of soi I: ploce the chestnut on us side, then fill lhe res1 of the can with soil. Plant the can upside down, with the one·mch hole ru ground level. To preven1 the can from girdling the esublished seedling, check to be sure iron cans have rusted through: aluminum cans must be cut and removed once the seedhng is well-established. Young t.rces should be proieclt.d with plastic lJ'Ce guards availnble at nurseries. Rat trops baited with dry prunes or nulS IJed to the !rigger will caich squirrels and chipmunks. r'CllCing is always a good idea. If a nursery bed is to be used, fence around the prepared soil wilh 1/4-inch mesh screen that cxiends 6" to 12" below the surface lO prevent 1unnclling by mice and chipmunks. Individual seedlings can be protecled from deer rubs with wire fencing auached lO stakes abou1 a fool from the 1rce. An eight foot fcnc~ aroWld the yard or orclwd will keep ou1 deer. Less cxpcnsi ve than the big fence are the many deer repellants on the llllll'ket, which de1er by tasie, smell. to0ch, or all three. Consult your local nursery people. However, repellants must be re-applied aftcr each rainfall. For older seedlings. ooe of our coopcr310rs in Georgia reports tha1 hanging mesh b:lgs (like those in which citrus and onions me sold) full of human hair (barbershop sweepings) every three or four trees is an efTcctJve detcrrenL VA Tech Exlension recommends using a cake of Lifebuoy soap in the same way. Mulching protccts the young plants from extremes of heat, cold, and droughl and from weed competition. Mulch should be pushed b.1ck from the trunk during winter, so tha1 rodents will not hve there and nibble lhc IJ'CC. If one wi~cs 10 stnn the seeds in a protcetcd si1uation, Dr. Collin McKeen of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada has reported good germination results from American ches1nu1s planted about two lO three weeks aftcr hn.rvcs1 in a topless cold frame bu1l1 against the brick foundntion on the south side of his house. The box was aboul four feet by four feet and stood 1wo feet above the soil level. 'The soil was a sandy loam mix. Seed nuts were laid on their sides on the soil and covered with a mulch or rolled leaves. A wire screen was fitted over the top to keep out animals. uanting from Our MistakLs Th4 photo shows an U.co"ectly applied soil comprtss. The tree is an American chestnw trtt that was about ltn years old in 1987 w~ the pMlO was talcen. The tret belongs to Mrs. Barbara Suman ofCt:nJre Island, Oyster Bay, NY WM is pading UJro soil aroWld the base of the largtsl of three soil compresstS, which wert! securt:d over the silts of blight outbrtak. This /Tu is now dying from the bligh1. The first error is that this particular soil compress was applied Ont! year 100 late. The trtt was already ~d......in applyillg the compress. hawtvu, tlie two lowest limbs should havt bun cut away tnlirely and burned. The uwnk sMuld thln have /Ken covered with one large compress from ground ltvel "' ont foot above the highest infection silt. Although this porticuku ca# was a failure, it was a valuoblt tdut:ation in MW to apply the soil compress correctly that has sub~quently hllped w greatly. • from Lucille Griffin . . . KATIJAH - page I AUTUMN· 1988 �Drawing by M. Tree Transplantin2 Unless con~lanl ~urvcillance is possible. or lhe seedling is a precocious grower (20" or more m !he first year), it is best IO wall until seedlings arc two y~ old before moving lhcm Crom I.he nursery to the permnnen1 site. Transplant them when I.he seedling is donnant (no leaves) • in the fall or the spring in the soulh, but only in lhe ~ring in the north. The chestnut has a large tap root • e:inra care must be taken not to injure it becau.~ this inJury is life· th~tcning to the b'Ce. Proper handling is important. Seedlings should be planted as soon as possible. Purchased seedlings should be SIOrcd in a cool pbce out or sunlight The rootS .J\ould be wroppcd in sphagnum moss and always kCPI moist. but not soaking wet. If lhc objective is rcfon:station or growing trees for wOO<I production, tr.1nspllln1 seedlings at 10 Coot intervals (435/acre). IC lhe object of plllnting is nut prodllCtion for humans or animals, plant the U'CCS at 2S foot inlCJ'Vl1ls (70/acn:) with the inicntion or removing every other tree (for sale as a specialty wood) when the crowns begin to touch. Do not plant the uus f urtller than 200 feel apatl, as this will limit pollination. Review irisb'UCtions for pro1CCtion. Cart ofTransplanttd Chestnut Setdlin~ ChestnutS do not requite a rich soil, but lhe R111jor nutricntS should be balanced. However, the nut crop w1U be beucr and the nut size lnrger lf the tree is growing on deep, fcnile soil. Fertilizing should no1 begin unul lhc second yw after a tree is planted. On poor soil apply an organic fcrtihzmg rru:ictun: or one pound of S· IO·S per year of tree age or per inch of tree trunk. diamc1tt. Water the same as you would garden crops. Keep grasses and weeds outside a two foot radius around !he ~ling~ by cultivaung or mulching for at lea.'11 five years. Cbesfnul Blight 'The fungus Endothia parasirica is present throughout most of !he eastern US. Jn some orchards. however. a virus disease or the blight fungus causes hypovirultnu, which wCllkcn~ its attack on lhc chestnut. American chestnuts infected by the hypovirulcnt fungus usually survive. To idcn11ry blight. look for oval·~hapcd. reddish-brown local discolorations of the bark followed by premalUJ'e yellowmg of the foliage above. SomclimC$ protruding orange stubs of lbc fungi may be visible. Epicormic sproutS growing from the trunk of lhc tree arc a good mdic.ation of lhc blight. Look JUSt above the sprouts to sec !be canlccr. If a canker is on a minor limb, trim off lhc limb and bum it If n occurs on lhc ma.in trunk any place wilhin reach. apply a soil compress. Chestnut trees need careful watching, because 11 lakes only one year for lhc blight io ltiU a young tree. FIRST AJD FOR CllESTNUTTREES: THE SOIL CO:\fPRESS METHOD This technique m:iy be used to protect a planted tree, or to kocp alive selected sprouts in the woods. It will work as high on the ucc a.~ you can manage to hfl lhc soil! To m:ikc the Soil Compress: Cut away any branches, even healthy one~. which occur 10 lhc area that must be covered by the soil comprc.-.s. Fit a sleeve: or polyethylene or similar sheet pl:istic 0( Lal' J>3pcr around lhc cm:umfcrcnce of lhe trunk from ground level upward IO a point that 1s as far above the infection as IWO times the length of the infection (because there is probably more Endothia just under lhe bark lh:ll has not yet broken out). Secure and seal the lower edge of the sleeve by mounding soil up around 11and1>3ckmg iL firmly. Fill the sleeve with wet gllrdcn soil 1• to I If]." inches thick all the way around. There is an antagon1st1c orgwusm which occurs naturally in moist soil; wherever it is kept in conta.cl with the disease, 11 ..,,u lull the fungus. For the Soil Compress to succeed, 11 must be appbed at lhc earliest Stages of the dLSCa.IC, when the infection is pcrllaps under the bark but has noi yel pcncumcd the wood. • So11.rct: Tht Amtrican Chts111u1 Cooptra(()r-s' Foundmion (drawn largtly from tM Handbook of North American Nut Trees tdittd by Dr Richard A. Jaynts) (COl'dJIUIDd on rwu pea") AUTUMN· 19 8 TUAH ·page 15 �FROM THE ROOTS: ORGANIZATIONS (continued from page IS) BRINGING BACK THE CHESTNUT TREE Nonh Carolina (where American chestnuts grew best) as a last bastion of polentially good trees. The blight came later 10 Nonh Carolina; hence the trees have not been subject to StreSS from the blight for as long as those we have worked with, and more may be living." - John R. Elkins, secretary. Cooperators are also needed to Taise and care for chestnut trees from seed. Volunteers must be ready to be responsible for a long-tenn project and prepared to make regular repons of successes and failures. The American Chestnut Cooperators Foundation is a publicly-supported, tax-exempt foundation under section 501 (c)(3) of the IRS code. All donations arc tax deductible. "Wt art h4ppy to be involved in IM process of restocking lhtse hills with this beautiful Olld prodtutnot tree." CHESTNUT COOPERATORS THE AMERICAN CHESTNUT REVIVAL do Carol Klinger Rt. I Dowelltown, TN 37059 The Mountain Garden Club, Highlands, NC THE AMERICAN CHESTNUT FOUNDATION do Dr. David W. French Depa rtment of P lant Pathology University of M innesota St. Paul, M N 55108 The American Chestnut Foundation was formed by a group of prominent scientists in 1983 as a non-profit foundation to suppon biological research and genetics projects to restore the American chestnut tree to its natural range. The American Chestnut Foundation provides the suppon for the breeding progTam developed by Dr. Charles R. Burnham that is being carried out in Minnesota and several regional centers, including the University of Tennessee at Knoxville. This program is the most promising for a speedy return of the American chestnut tree. Mr. Phillip Rutter, president of the foundation, says, "As a scientist, I have to say that there is an 80% chance that I will live to see a blight-resistant American chestnut. As a human being, I'd say it's 100%." Regular membership in the American Chestnut Foundation is $15.00. Members receive the Journal of the American Chestnut Fou11dation and may attend the annual meeting to hear progress reports on foundation projects. Donations arc tax deductible. The foundation needs help with fundraising, public education, and finding wild chestnut tree locations. KATUAH - page 16 The American ChestnUJ Foundation requesrs rhe help ofall concerned abou1 the fate of Ult! American chesrnut rree. The State of New York is now considerating legislation to establish a national chestnut research cemer ro be affiliated with the state university system and ihe American Chestnut foundation. The legislators sponsoring this effort need to know that there is widespread StlJJf)()rt for this idea. let them hear from you. Write to Assemblyman Francis J. Pordum; Legislative Office Building (Rm. 252); Albany, NY 12248. A~1ERICAN CH ESTNUT COOPERAT ORS FOUNDATION 2100 J efferson St. Bluefield, WV 24701 "Our top priority is for long-term funding of the regional effon already underway: first, 10 develop a blight-resistant :4Jnerican chestnut tree capable of competing m our eastern hardwood forests, and second, to develop economical biological control measures against chestnut blight in the forest environmenL....Foundation work will be focused in the Appalachian Mountain area." Besides funding, cooperators arc also needed to help locate surviving American chestnut trees which could be valuable sources of genes carrying resistance to the blight. "We are especially interested in the environs of the Blue Ridge Parkway in The American Chestnut Revival is a people's organization supponing the return of the American chestnut. The group is the creation of the Cumberland-Green Council, our bioregional neighbor serving the watersheds immediately west of the Kawah Province. The Revival sponsors want to link up with Katuah people 10 make the American Chestnut Revival a cooperative, inter-regional effon. The stated goals of the group are to: 1) replenish our woods with the American chestnut - a beautiful, useful species 2) promote diversity and ecological health in our forests 3) move toward a healthy, self-sustaining agriculture 4) educate the public and our public servants to the realities of deforestation, ecological monocuhurization, and general environment.al degradation. The first priority for the group is to locate and correctly identify existing wild chestnut trees. Identification is tricky; even expens are sometimes fooled, but the group hopes to c:ualog large native chestnuts, keep track of them, and protect them for the future. The group is also seeking chestnut sdon wood for research purposes and for their own grafting projects. American cheslllut genes current.ly exist in a pure fonn in surviving mature trees and in root sprouts from trees whose tops were killed by blight. They are also assisting in technical research projects as needed. They presently are maintaining a close connection with Dr. Scott Schlarbaum and his project at the University of Tennessee. If you want to help bring back the chestnut, take part in the American Chestnut Revival! ~ AUTUMN- 1988 �RESOURCES Seeds and Seedlings: Sources Bear Creek Nursery P.O. Drawer 411 Nonhpon, WA 99157 (American, ChiMSe, and hybrid CMStnllt seedlings, grafted rrees - 5% of the value of any sale of ches11uas benefits ti~ American CMstruu FoW1daritJn) Wexford Soil and Water Conservation Disnict 200 West Thirteenth St Cadillac, Ml 49()()1 (American chestnut seedlings - $41.40 for JO, $25.80for 5. Writefororderi11g i11fom111tion.) Louis Lipovsky RFD Brunswick, ME 04011 (American chestllUl seedlings) Benhan Rajala 3030 lsleview Road Grand Rapids, MN 55744 (American cl~stnUJ seed) Donald Rudisuhle Rt. 3, Box 216 Caladonia, MN 55921 (America11 cl1es11111t seed) Periodicals CMstnurwork.s is edited by R. D. Wallace and published by the Chestnut Growers' Exchange. lls purpose is to promote chestnuts as an agricultural crop, and to research the natural history and culture of the chestnut. Valuable updates on scientific research on the species. Two issues per year for $10.00. Write to: Rt. 3, Box 267; Alachua, FL 32615 The Journal of the American Chestnrlt Foundation focuses on the work of that organization, but also carries articles by other top scientists working to restore the American chestnut to the wild. Membership: $15.00 minimum donation. See ACF address p. 16. ...tn J!er& Note from Luci.mla. . .. 'The clear, crisp days and nights of autumn arc, to me, the best times for gathering roolS for food and medicine. Roots can actually be gathered anytime from lhe first frosts of fall until the early spring because that is when the energy of the plant is in the rooc but to me the best time is autumn. I like fall gathering for two reasons: fi.rst, my memory of exactly where the plant is is the freshest (often dying rock and dead tops remind me of the way) and secondly, ~use after the heat of summer passes my personal energy is rising, and that feels like a good time to make medicine. My personal ritual is to gather from the third quancr to the new moon, following the first froi.ts. Now is the lime for the hardier roots - burdock, yellow dock. cchinacea, dandelion and comfrey. My lools vary from a digging stick for the comfrcy to a pick axe for the AUTUMN· 1988 Diagram 1: Genetic Hybridization of Chestnut Tree Species Castanea dentata with Castanea mollisima Drawing by Rob M&asick burdock. While I dig the root I tell the roots why 1 am gathering them and ask for their healing power. Then I listen. After I have dug the roots I need, I leave a gift of tobacco or a prcuy rock or ~hell, and smooth rock the earth over my diggin\. One of my favorite fall tonics is an iron rich mix of dandelion root, yellow dock root. and burdock root. 1 cut up the root~ and put them in a jar and then cover them with apple cider vinegar. I use vinegar for the tincture because alcohol inhibilS lhe absorption of the minerals. ln vinegar, ilS shelf-life is shoncr, bul it will last unlil next fall. I also dry some of each root for infusions. Considering how hard il is lo gather burdock root, I have io admit I try to use mostly tincture so I don't have to dig so much! Comfrey root I use in a number of ways, I've already dried the leaf for lea, now I dry some of the root in a darlt, dry place. I also malce tincturci; in alcohol and Ill vinegar and, lastly, make an oil extraction in olive oil. Comfrey is one of the most used herbs in my medicine cabinet. so I try to keep it in all the varied ways I might use it. Echinacea is the herbal antibiotic and I cannot imagine a medicine chest without it The kind of echinacca which grows here is Echin1Jcea purpurea, and it only has medicinal properties if it is freshly tinctured (i.e., dig fresh root, uncture immcdiaiely). When it dries it has no medicinal value. To make an infusion, it is necessary IO order ec/unacea angustifolia. which grows profusely in the West There are numerous other fall root plants, but these are the ones which are the mainstay:; in my medicine chest I value lhc rime I spend in the autumn gathering root medicine and feel the time spent, in itSClf, is a tonic and nourisher of my spirit It prepares me for the winler to come. KATIJAH · page 17 �THE CHANGES TO COME (TM>e are the words ofa uaditionol Cherl>Ut: medit1M person.) I can agree with some of the things the Judeao-Christian philosophy considers evil. but not the majority of things. To me what is evil is that a small percentage of the world's population can justify destroying the Earth in the name of profit. I think that it is the ultimate form of separ:nion--for the ego of the human to think that the Eanh begins when one is born and ends when one dies--to think that one can flush one's waste in the river and not care about it going to one's neighbors. We arc destroying the Great Life. When I was about founcen years old l went with my grandfather to listen to an old man talk. We went over to these people's house and they had a fire outside and they greeted everybody and passed coffee around and I was proud that I could sit in the circle and listen. The old man talked about lots of things, but one thing he talked about strongly impressed me-in fact it scared me so bad I thought it was going 10 happen in the next few days. He said that the Earth's existence was m four quaners, and each quaner was a very Jong time-thousands, maybe a million years, I don't know. But he said that the bear was on three legs now and is about to siep down on the founh. And he said every time that the Ear1h goes through shifts from one quaner to another one. there is a cleansing process. The cleansing takes the form of droughts, floods. earthquakes and all these things. The old man kept repcaung that the Earth is living, ll's not dead. Volcanoes nren't things of the past, they're things of now, Floods nrc things of now, nnd droughts are things of now. 111e Earth is alive. My body is a miniature Earth, as all kinds of organism~ are miniature Eanhs, but \\e are all connec1ed to this greater organism. We are like a cell in this Great Life. When I take an alien substance inio my body, like cigarette smoke or some other kind of pollution, ir's destructive to me and I can feel the evidence of it. I become ,,hortwinded and feel all the symptoms. I may not feel the effects as strongly at first as I do later. The Earth is now strongly feeling the effects of all the cmp thnt we have been puuing in her atmosphere and in her streams. The point I want 10 make is that the evidence of the effects of our abuse of the Eanh is here for everyone 10 sec. The Earth is heating up--the greenhouse effect. I ha1e to bow to the ~icntists, but even the scientists are saying that we an: in danger because of our own ncuons. There are 1wo things we need to do. We have no choice. l think we should do everything that we possibly can to reverse this process because of the unborn-yet-to-be. The unborn-yet-to-be have the right to KATIJAH- page 18 be included in all the decisions we make today. Part of that decision-making is 1ha1 they should have the same choices about the environment as we do. I can breathe fresh air, I can swim in the streams, although it's getting harder even now in our generation. A friend who just got back from New Jersey said she couldn't swim, because the beaches were closed because of hospital wastes. A place where she had swum all of her life had been taken away from her. Before the non-Indian came 10 this country I could go to any stream or river and drink from it, but I no longer can do that. I don't know of a river anywhere that I can drink out of. I don't know of a srream anywhere I can drink out of. And where I am right now I don't know of a spring I can go to and drink out of that I wouldn't be afraid because of agricultural run-off or any of those sorts of things. There is the evidence. And the evidence is multiplying by millions of tons just in my own lifetime. It is not fair that a few people based on materialistic and shiny, glittery things can make the decisions for the majority in the name of profit. It isn't even in the name of national security . It is in the name of individual, personal profit. because the only philosophy we have as a society b to manufacture and to consume, manufacture and consume--that's our only philosophy. So in terms of this reality the most important thing is that these people be perpetuated, no matter what happens with the waste. I intend to do everything within my po"'er--and I encourage everyone I meet-to deal with this crisis. I don't use scare tactics, but I do say whats going on. and I tell people that they have a responsibility and an obligation. Some people say, "Yeah. \I.ell, people have always said the Earth is going 10 be destroyed. anJ there have alv.ny~ been bad times ...and my father said it wa.-; bleak and it was gorng to end," and so on and so on. At first that statement bothc:red me. But there are 1wo forces on the planet: there's good and there's evil. and we have to have both forces, or there's no existence. And I think that the force that de~trovs the Great L.ifc is evil--be,-ause 3 few can't make these choices for so many and so many yet-to·bc. The force that destroys the Earth-that destroys the streams, that kills all the animab off, and that cuts all the trees down- is an evil force. Now, I am a pacifist in the sense that I believe in nonviolence. I think the Quaker attitude would help us deal with this situation. We can do somcthmg about it in our own regions: we can quit buying products that destroy. We can examine how we can gear down our own lives - not in the sense that we are bleakly going to do away with everything. but we can do without things like styrofoam, electric toothbrushes and all these unnecessary kinds of things. We can try to make everyone in our little area conscious of what's going on. Stan from there, and encourage people from other areas 10 do the same thing. AUTUMN - 1988 �The second step we need to take-and I think this is just out of real procticality--is to make certain preparations for ourselves and our families, and maybe in some instances for our community as well. The number one thing is 10 think of ways ro feed ourselves when we unplug from that consumer/manufacturer society. One of those things that we have to consider is gardens--ways to raise a 101 of food in small an:as-and also alternative forms of fanning, such as dryland fanning like the Hopi Indians do. They raise food down there in a place that gets very little rainfall. We need to learn how to catch waternnd conserve it. Even if you have only one moist spot, plant some kind of food there, even if there's room for only one plant. We need to look al the indigenous plants around us as food sources. Lamb's-quarters is a wonderful food. but we pull it up and throw it away. Yet i1 keeps returning, because it's adapted 10 the area. Look at plants, like the different species of com: from the hard flim com that grows in the southwest to the softer meal com that grows here. Think about both of those plants and start growing them and adapting them to this clim:nc. Do the same thing with pumpkins. squash. and maybe even the more arid-land food plams and trees. like some of the nut trees. When you think of growing planes. consider them as protein and carbohydrate sources. Grow plants that fill those needs. And get several varieties of each one of several species. Be very selective about your seed. If you have a dry year, pick '1he best plants for seed. Don't do anything else with them, but encourage them 10 make seeds. even if it means stripping them of leaves in order to encourage the seeds to grow instead of the fruit, if it's that way. And then pick the seed from there and be merciless about picking the right seed. We ought to be concerned about that People ought to get into different kinds of food preserving--canning, drying, and all fonns of food processing. We need to sort 0111 our refuse and look a1 what's there. I take all of our kitchen garbage :ind throw it tn our compost pile to make soil out of it. Even when I pull a weed out of the garden, l put 11 m there. I think it's important to build up the soil to be :is stron~ as it can. Don't depenct so much on :mimal protein, because the animals will be falling under the same environmental stresses that we Y.111, and plants are much more odnptable to drastic environmental changes than the animals. Don't dismiss that when you consider your sources of protein. I think for agriculture we should consider draft animals as a back-up. Mules eat les~ food and ure stronger than horses. We ought to think about alternative energy sources. An energy source that does pollute 10 a cenpin extent, but is cenninly not a~ polluting as automobile~ and coal-powered plants, is the small steam engine. It can run lots of tools: it can even generate electrici1r. if people are still wanting electricity. Or consider alcohol-based machines that use alcohol fuel from plants. I think people ought to consider those sorts of things. Another thing that has much to do \\ ith biological survival is psychological and spiritual survival. Going from a society in which almost c:very desire and whim is met--or able to be met, if one has the money-and leaving all that will create certain psychological stress. The outside information that we get from TV's and radios may not be there eventually. That's going to be a psychological trauma for ~ople. People \\ill have 10 learn to deal with the psychological and emotional upheavals which will come up when their so-called reality is fractured in some way or another. That needs to be addressed. I also think that groups of maybe 25 people-or 30 at the very most--who live reasonably close together and are of like heart and like mind should make some kind of pact together. A group that size is a very compatible group for surviving. I think we ought 10 include our children in what's going on and what's happening. for the simple reason that they're the ones who are going to inherit whatever is left here. Political action should be the emphasis for every group of people. I think that nuclear war is an incredible threat. and I'm no1 putting that down, but I think the number one issue for this planet right now---0ne that will be more devastating than even nuclear war. unless it's total nuclear war--is the environment. If anyone doubts that, all they have to do is look around. It's a new age for us all--a new age in which the survival of our species is going to be a number one concern. Our philosophy is that the EJnh is one gn:at living organism, and it operates like my own body. When something a11:icks me--viruses or whatever--my immune system goes 10 work. I think we have bc:come a cancerous cell in this environment, and the droughts, the eanhquakes. and all these kinds of events mean that the Eanh is alive. Its ex1Stence is threatened by one of its pans. and l think it's kickmg in its immune systc:m. I think we're probably overpopulated on the planet. I know we arc overpopulated as a species. Even if we all work on it right now, y.e're s11ll going to led terrible effects from 11. 11 we all had it in our minds that "We are going to clean up 1he Eanh." and started doing everything right now. we would still feel negouve effects from what we've done in the past. People are afraid of havin!! to do with less. We could have a much higher quality 01 lifc--not only for ourselves. but also for the whole planet. We may have 10 give up some of our so-called independence. but this is an illusion anyhow. We're going to have 10 change our way of thinking. There are lots of ways we can go, but the whole thing concerning the planet tod:iy i~ that first Y.C ought 10 identify the problem. It's like slcoholism. Until one admits there is a problem. there is no solution. But the minute one admits there is a problem, then you're one step towanl a solution. The big step. Drawing by Rob Messick AUTUM,\1- 1988 KATUAH - page 19 �. ... . .. Natural . . . Wor l d .. . News ........ . • • • • • • • • Natura l • • • Wor l d . .. News .. . . . .. ... . . NP&L SALE APPROVED; DUKE POWER INVADES Narural Wodd News Savicc The controversy over Ille erection of a high p0wer tnlnsmission line in Transylvania and Jaclcson Counties is mounting. Dulce Power Co. of Charloue, NC has gained the approval of lhe NC Public Uti Iities Commission (PUC) for ilS purchase of the Nantahala Power and Light Company (NP&L) in wesletn North Carolina. The company now has righl-of-way access 10 scU ilS nuclear-generated p0wer 10 Alcoa and TVA customers in Tennessee. The PUC ignored a las1-dilCh effort by local mounlain people lO form an energy co-op as an alternative lO Duke's purchase of NP&L. To lrnllspon this p0wer, Duke has proposed clcarculting a huge swath of forest about 1,300 feet wide by 30 miles long. The line would slfelCh from Lake Jocassee in South Carolina to a substation in the rown ofTucicasegee in Jackson County, NC. Residents of the Lake Toxaway area are greatly upset that lheir view of Touway Moun&ain WlU be SpOiled - IO lhe extent th3l they hued 10p lawyers and enjoined Duke from any further conslrUction until they revealed plans for an alternative route. Tom Sweatt of the Lake Toxnway Property Owners Association paints out that "there are a IOL or people who have spent a lot of money lO build homes where they can have a good view of Toxaway Mounuun. • ln addition, Swe:m argues that Duke's proposed route would endanger rare and Propoud Transmission Corridor from JocasM!e to TudJ:!Mgu-DukL Power line KATUAH - p:ige M threatened plant communities and encroach on pristine trout wruers in fackson County. Unfonuna1ely on alternative route for the powerline propOsed by the homeowners nnd Other concert1cd groups trespasses through more of Nantahala Nationlli Forest than Duke's proposed route and will pass close 10 the homes of the residents of the Owens Gap area Cena.inly the allemlllivc would reduce the visual impact of the line on the Lalcc To,.;away homeowners. but l11e line would impact other residents and fragment an eminently important habil.al area in the Nantahaln Nlllional Forest. USFS PROPOSES NEW REGS Natural World News Service The US Forest Service (USFS) has received nearly 1,000 wriucn responses to sweeping regulation changes proposed this spring. On May 16 the USFS published revisions to its appeal regulations. A year in the milking, these fat-reaching revisions would fundamentally all.Cr the USFS appeals process, and undercut the meaningful right of appeal fOf all outside panics cooccmed with USFS decisions. The agency is heralding the revisions as an au.empt to increase efficiency, reduce delay, and benefit the public. Yet all evidence points lO inl.emal mismMagCmCl1t and agency inaction as Ille causes of most delays in the current appeals process. ll is clear that the proposed revisions will nol benelit Ille public. Two setS or appeal ·processes• are proposed. Forest planning, timber management. and Other so-called "policy decisions" will be relcgalcd to a sccond·class status of appeal under 36 CFR 217. Democratic "due process" fealurcs would no longer be avail3ble in p0licy appeals. A second set of rules (36 CFR 251) would govern appeals dealing with agency administration of written ins1tuments, such as special use permits. The USFS prop0scs to m:tintai"I full due process procedures for apppcals of this ruuure. Notices of appeal (now clllled "requests for review') would be combined llllO a single document with a suitc.ment of reasons. This document. along with any siay requests, would have to be filed within 45 days from the dale or publication of the decision in a local newspaper. No time extenS1ons are pcnnittedl This means that Forest Service planners h11ve years 10 strategize clearcuts, roadbuilding, recreation development, and other assaults on "natural resources." Deep ecologists, ci11ZCOS' groups, and their allies are allowed only a moolh and one half ro prcp:irc a defense. Other "efficiencies· the Forest Service proposes would limil project appeals (umber sales. etc.) to the level of the regional forestc.r. Appellant replies to agency submissions ("responsive suuemcnts") and oral pre~cnU1tions would be cl1min3led. While the USFS is nOI proposing a liling fee for entering appeals, the agency IS specifically rcquesung public comment on this controversial issue. The proposed changes in regulations would further insulate the Fore~t Service from c11izcn review of improper decisions. If changes in regulations are ro be made, they must be balanced._ fair, and aimed at increasing efficiency and better decision-making. The proposed revisions fall far Mon of these basic goals. By denying the public o right lO a meaningful nppeal, the propOsed rules changes fora: parties seeking ro influence the USFS to t:lke lheir coocems to court. Private citizens and conservlllion organizations do not have the financial resources IO suppon numerous lawsuits. Although the shon comment period alloled foe the proposed regulation changes expired on July 12. 1988, the Forest Service needs IO hear how people feel about being cu t out or the decision-making process for the National Forests. Theie is a tremendous amount of momentum within the USFS 10 adopt lhesc revisions. The timber indusuy is exerting pressure lO limit the scope of Ille appeals process. Send your ktters to: F. Dale Robtrnon, Chief US Fortst Suvice P.O. Box 96()9() Washington, DC 2()()90. Send copies 10 your congressional rtprtsoltati\leS. FOREST WATCH! HELP WANTED! Nawral World News Service A "Forest WalCh" program is being started in K:uuah. Members of the Wilderness Society, Western North Carolina Alliance, Carolina Mounlain Club, Audubon Society, and four local Sierra Club groups are creating a coalition that will interact with rangers in each US Forest Service (USFS) district. Forest Watch members will sit down with rangers to discuss and review environmental asscssmenL~ for proposed timber cuts, roads. and other Forest Service ac11v1ties before they are begun. Successful Forest WalCh operations arc already in action in other National Forests (e.g., the Chauahoochce NF in Georgia). At the least, such oversight activity will hold the USFS lO 1lS own forcsl managemcnl plans. At best.. both volunteers and rangers will move closer to cooperation and muwal understanding, to lhe bcnelil of all. Workshops will be offered on forest management and on the Fores t Service decision-making process. Those who would like to ltnow more about forestry and multiple use demands, and who would like to have some mOuencc on the future of the forests Ill Kauiah, $hould conlllCI Ginny Lind!>ay: P.O. Box 1275: West Jefferson, NC 28694 (919) 982-3633 or Speed Rogers: 251 Purple Finch Lane; Brcvnrd NC (704) gg3.304g_ AU1ID1N - 1988 �....... Natural ... World ... News ........ . RESISTERS RISK ARREST AT Y-12 WEAPONS PLANT by Pat Montee In an historic moment on August 6. 1988 at lhe gnies of the Y -12 Nuclear Weapons Components Plant in Oak Ridge, TN, five people linked anns and in a simple trespass action crossed over a symbolic line onto lhe plant grounds to be arrested by local police. The action was the first act of civil disobedience at Y-12 and was lhe culmill31lon of a day of concern for lhe plant's role in nuclear weaponry and nuclear cootamination. Preceding lhe arrests 200 demonstrators rallied at a municipal park and then paraded lo Y 12. Speakers at the rally urged support for a comprehensive nuclear test ban treaty. The demonstration was held on lhe anniversary of lhe dropping or lhe first atomic bomb on Hiroshima. The protest was organized by the recently-formed Oak Ridge Environmental Peace Alliance (OREPA). Co-sponoors included Tennessee Peace and Disarmament Campaign, Jackson County (NC) Peace Network, Western North Carolina Alliance, Madison County (NC) PlowsharcS, and lhe American Peace TCSL Those living near weapons facilities across the country are beginning to speak ouL The August 6 protest at Oak Ridge was minored by other grassroots demonstrations at DOE facilities in Aiken, SC, Amarillo, TX. and the Nevada test site. The formation of OREPA is a call for public auention to the DOE's Oak Ridge facility. In February of last year the Radioactive Waste Campaign, a public interest organization, pinpointed the Oak Ridge Reservation as one of the most scvesely contaminated government facil1ucs m lhe US. Millions of pounds of uranium-derived wastes have been dumped in landfills at Y-12. Between World War II and 1981, over 12 million cubic feet of low-level rad.ioactive WllSUl we.re buried at lhe Oak Ridge Reservation. Radioactivity has seeped out and contaminated streams and groundwater bolh on and off the site. The TV A has identified more than 140 dangerous chemicals and radioactive materials present in Oak Ridge creek bouoms. The Y-12 plant manufactures uranium components for lhe primary sUJge and the principal nuclear components for secondary stages of thennonuclC31 weapons. Covering an area or 3,400 acres and employing over 7,000 people, the Y-12 plant plays a pan in the production of every major nuclC31' weapon in lhe US arsenal. 1l was Y -12 which produced I.he firsi gram quantities of highly enriched uranium used in the "Litlle Boy" bomb which dcsuoycd Hiroshima. One or I.hose arrested Ill y -12, Chris Irwin, a University or Tennessee student and a native of Knoxville, said, "IL seems lhal at Y-12 I.hey just ignore us. I've written my congressman ·everyone has .....SomcbOdy luld 10 do ~mething. If I don't, who will?" Sharing this concern for the future, Judnh Hallock, a resident of Jackson County, NC and a mother or three, was quo~d by the Associlucd Pres.-. as saying before her arrest. "My children arc m dotnger. The plnncl is in danger. and I feel I h;ive no choice.• Others arre.~led were: Jeff Warner, 24, of Bowling Green, KY; M)'T'B Zeller. 40, or Madison A County, NC; and Doug Mason, 38, the father of two children, who is from Memphis, TN. The five anest.ed were booked at the site and released on lhett own recognizance. At n hearing the following Monday at the Anderson County Court.house, they received a eiUJtion for simple trespass. OREPA is forming an active regional community lO non-violenlly overcome the violence at Oak Ridge. A "Nuke Watch" action as planned for Octobcr24-29at y.12. To conwcl the Oak Ridge Environmental and Peace Alhancc, write Box 1101: Knoxville, TN 37901 or call evenings at (61S) 588-9370. "the most massive crackdown of its kind in lhe country". During lhe investigation. undercover agents bought 266 gall bladders. SS claws, 77 feet, four heads, nine hides and one black bear cub. Agents also round dead bears in the woods from which only the gall bladder and claws had bcc:n removed, with the rest left to rot Black bear pans are commonly sold illegally both on the intcm.llional and domestJC rruirkets. During lhe three year operation, wildlifo officers were receiving criticism about not acting against poaching. However, to have made a premature move would have blown lhe cover on lhc entire operation. Wildlife orrocers and olher state and federal agencies formed 28 raid teams that served the . -~ ,~ ~ anc~t and search warrantS in a 20-county area in ~.,.. .;,. / ,.t' ,,frl __ ~ K.atliah. .: '.. /~}'- -~ '//• "'.r r ..- -·~ All or lhis in. tense activity, however. -~ 1 ~ culminates in the cowuoom. h i~ up to the federal .;.fJ/r~~, . ~udge to enforce the ex1s_ting law.s ~ regulations. as .;.,,,J.11"'' ~.._.,...., ·~/ 1t relalCS to bear poaching. If I.he Judge treais lhe ,,,,~,,,,,.....____, ~ "~ mauer lighlly and elects to impose very lenient ..._'<.~ sentences, ii would.be a signal to poachers that they ~-" ~ . ''"·"'"' ~~" could continue w1lhout severe c.onsequences. It fl///" , \ would also be a blow to the wildlife officers who at • · ...,..., ' times risked their lives uncovenng the poaching network. Lcuec; to the US District Attorney would let the court know that citi7.ens are watching and care PERE GRINES RETURN about lhe outcome of I.his case. Send a leuer Nanni World News Setvicc expressing your feelings and concerns to lhe D.A. who is prosecuting lhe federal government's case Five pairs of the peregrine falco11s •haclced against the poachers. out" Last summer by human volunteers have Max Cogburn returned to nesting places established in National US District Au.omey Forest areas in the Kauiah Province. US Courthouse, Rm. 306 The small, but eictrcmcly swifi, raptors were I00 Otis SllCCl obSCIVed at nesting sites at Linville Gorge, lhe AsheviUe. NC 28801 Shelton Laurel area of Madison County, Looking (704) 259-0061 Glass Rock, Whiteside Mountain, and Pickens .r - -" · ' ,r...._, ;. ,. j:-,,.. ..,,,.,?';,::,: ' Nose. One young falcon was nedged from lhe DCSl on Whiteside Mountain, and a heallhy chick is livmg in the nest ID I.he Shelton Laurel area. To avoid disturbance to the nesting falcons, hang gliding and rock climbing were lmhed at Whiteside Mountain and Looking Glass Rock unul August 31 of this year. Climbers and gliders were very cooperative wilh the closings. The peregrine restoration project is a JOinl effort of the US Forest Service, the NC Wildlife Resources Commission, the US Fish and Wildlife Service, and a private organiation called The Peregrine Fund. The NC state income LaJt refund "Check-off for Nong:imc and End:ingcred Wildlife" contributed substantially to funding for the projecL BEAR POACHERS ARRESTED Natural World Ncw1 Scivice aa A three-year investigauon into bear poaching in western Norlh Carolina and ca~tern Tennessee led to charges again.~t 43 people who were uccused of illegally profiting from the marketing of gall bl!lddus and olher b13ck bear paru. Both federal and state wildlife officers panic ipated in "Operation Smoley." de.<.eribcd as PUBLIC INTEREST LOST IN THE OZONE Nuural World News Savicle On July 2. 1988, ozone levels recorded at the oz.one monitoring Slation in Fairview, NC, outside of Asheville, reached 118 parlS per billion (ppb), within 2 ppb. of the 120 ppb. maximum Standard allowed by the Environmental Protccuon Agency (EPA) under the Oean Air AcL Ozone in the lower aunosphere is a proven ha.z:lfd llult contcibut.eS io smog, rcspinuory disease in humans, and damage lo trees and crops. At excessive levels. o:r.one does acute damage to the lungs or children, old people, asthmatics, and I.hose who arc doing SLrCnuous outdoor exercise. Ozone has been shown to be pan of the deadly combination of factors that is killing the spruce/fir forest on Mt. Mitchell. Paradox 1cally, 07.0ne in 1he upper atmosphere is necessary 10 slueld lhe Earth from harmful ultraviolet radiauon in the run's rays, but m the lower atmo:;phcre it ~ a dangerous pollutant, and Asheville re:;1dcn1S rue now aware thal their cuy. too. ha:. an air qualuy problem. Yet, one month after lhe high reading was recorded, the 01.ooe monitoring station was closed. According 10 Ronald Boone, lhe director of the (conllnucd on nut Ne) - p:igc 21 �...more...Natural World News LOST IN THE OZONE (canlin\IOd from IJa&C 21) Western North Carolina Air Pollution Control Agency, construction had displaced the Station from its original location at Fairview school. and lhere was no ochet space available in Buncombe County r0t the 8 root by 8 foot IJ'ailer which houses the monitoring instruments. The EPA granted permission for the closure. This action was iaken shortly before the summer heat wave, which undoubtedly booSted ozone levels considerably in Asheville and surrounding areas in tho French Broad River basin. ff«, sugnant air masses provide ideal conditions ror lhe creation cl owne and keep the gaseow subslance trapped in valley areas, inslead of allowing it to dispetse. Had the sys1em been in operation, it almost cettainly would have recorded orone levels higher lhat the 118 ppb. reading or July 9. Readings during August would in all probability have shown Iha! Asheville was exceeding the re.detal Slandattls for ozone. The EPA has declared th:u if a city exceeds the maximum allowable ozone SUUldard of 120 ppb. two times in a single year, vehiculnr emissions ICStS must be undenaken immediately. Hydrocarbons from vehicle exhaust combine with nitrous oxides Crom industrial and utility company fumes to create Orone. The EPA also says Iha! if the ozone problem persists in a city, tha1 ci ty will be designated a "non-attainment area• and be rcsuicted from starting any new industries that require smokcsUICks to exhaust industrial vapors. If Asheville were restricted as a "non-a1 tainmen1 area." it would obviously slow the city's industrial grow1h, and might adVCtSC!y affect tOUnSt tr.iffic as well. The ozone monitoring station is still closed, and Boone says that. as ozone levels decline during the cooler months, it will probably be April of 1989 before another locauon for the focility will bc found. Having no accurate de1ermm:1uons or how severe the ozone problem actually is m the French Brood River ba.sin will do liule to relieve public uncasinesi. about the situnuon. And pulling orr finding a locntion for the small testing sUllion for nine months does little lo bol.'ilU public confidence thnt the problem IS being adequately dc:ll t with or even considered. Having unknown levels or 01.one in Asheville's air supply iL1so r:uses other quesuons. bolh environmental and political New datn have been made public that show that long-term exposure to lower conccn11111Jons of ozone impairs the foncuonmg of the lung.~. causes adverse biochemical renctions in the lung$, and acceler.ites lung delerioration due to aging. These data have led scientists to urge the EPA lO immediately ndopt more stnngcnt oz.one standards. If the standnrds were changed, the EPA predicis lhat nine urbnn areas in the US would be ou1 of compliance. Prominent on that list is Asheville, NC. Is the municipal public hc:llth admmistrauon trying to sidestep the consequences of exceeding federal regulations by subjecting city ~dcnLS IO the consequences of exc:essi ve air poll uuon levels? Buncombe County's Metropolitan Sewage Administmtion is presently considering construcuon of an incineration plant to dispose of the area's sewage sludge. The pt;in has already come under severe criucism, as it would add several types of KA TUAH • page 22 dangerous gaseous pollutants into the area's air flow. With Asheville already suffering a critical air pollution problem, it seems obvious that an insUllation which would make major contributions IO the ambient air toxicity should be avoided. Yet, at recent hearings on the incinerator proposal, of all !hose who made presentations, only two individuals spolce in favor or the plan. Those were Jim Tenney. Di.rector of Public Health for Buncombe County, and Air Pollution Control Direct.or Boone. Actions such as this call into question the competancc or public health adminis1n1tion in Buncombe County, or r.iise the ugly possibility that the public health is being made subservient to the intcrest.s or economic and industrial growth. CP&L RA TE INCREASE (or " LET THEM EAT CAKE") residents posted their own black-and-white metal signs aloog a 30-mile stretch of the river. The s igns warn that fish from the river ate contaminated with dangerous levels of dioxin, a toxin that "causes cancer, miscarriages. and birth defeas." Recent EPA tesl.S have found dioxin in most or the 120 flSh taken from lakes fed by the contaminau:d river. One brown U'OUt was round to contain 80 pans per trillion or dioxin, more than three times the allowable dose. Shelley Stcwart. a Greenpeace official from Seaule who studies the pulp and paper industry. says thal "lhere is no levd al which this stuff can be considered safe.• Stewan also pointcd out that dioxin levels in the Pigeon are the second-highest found yet in the EPA's current analysis of 100 rivers below pulp and paper mills. Dioxin residues result Crom tile chlorine bleaching process used by Champion and other mills. Grttnptace may be contacted 01 (404) 874-8581. Nanual World News Service On August 8, 1988 the NC Public Utilities Commisssion (PUC) granted Carolina Power and Light (CP&L) a 9.1% increase. Profits from the rate hike will benefit the shareholders of the privately·held monopoly and will pay for the extr&Ordinarily high cost of building the Shearon Harris Nuclear PlanL According 1 F3lr Share of North Carolina, a 0 consumer advocate group. CPclL has spen t S4.S million on outside consultants to teSury in the rate case. A key issue was the cost overruns incurred in the conSU11Ction of the Shearon Harris planL Design changes and reworking during construction added at least $200 million LO the cost or the nuclear power pl:inL In testimony before the PUC, Chip Smith of Fair Share presented an anmysis of over l,000 changes 1n design during a nine-mont.h period. CP&L's own records showed most were errors and only one was cau!S(XJ by changes m rcgufauons. Fair Share maintained that the cost of misl.'lke~ made during cons11UCtion was excessive. CP&L mainl.3ined it "should 001 have to be pctfecL" In the linal weeks before the PUC decision, a S300.pcr-hour CP&L consullllnt stated that 1f widows and orphans could nOl pay lhetr electric bills, they could tum their lights off. Does this reveal CP&L's true pcrspecuve? Writt th<! NC Public U11li1its Commission or P.0 Bo.IC 29510: Raleigh, NC 27626 10 t.ICpl'US your opinion of 11rL1r dtcision. and ID Fov Shart of North COTolino: P.O. BO.IC 12543; Raleigh. NC 27605 111 support of thtir worlc. POISON PIGEON FISH NllUnl World News Service Representauves from the Greenpeace organization and 01hcr concerned people recently accused Nonh Carolina's Health Dcpanmcnt or dragging its feet in posung warnings along the Pigeon River, which the Env1 ronrnenUll Protccuoo Agency (EPA) has round is contaminated with the chemical dioxin below the Champion International paper mill m Canton, NC. Dr. Ted Taylor. a State tolliCOIOglSI, could not say when the sign would be posted, even though the flSh have been known 1 be toXJc since last 0 spring. "MOURNING THE VICTIMS" NlllWIJ World News Service East Tennessee residents seeking to short-circuit Champion International's bid for a wastewater permit a1 a public ~earing August 18, mourned for 1 Cocke Cow!ty cancer victims 67 whom they believe died as a result of accumulations of dioxin from wastcwater dumped into the Pigeon Rtvcr by the Champion plant in Canton, NC. Organizers of the variance hearing labeled 167 cent.er-section seats with the names of the dead and marlced the rows with block bows. Flags in Newport, TN bung at half-mast as a memorial rite was held. which fcatwcd the unveiling of a cenoiaph listing the names of the cancer vicums. Champion has produced blc:iched paper in the Canton plant since 1908. and scientisL' say dioicin is a byproduct of the bleaching process. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and Tenne..~see omcials inili.ally proposed a wastew;iter pennn for the company that would have set a SO-unit color limit on the river at the statc line. Although dioxin levels nre not adclres.o;ed m the proposed wastewacer pcrmu. envrronmentahsts say that chemical and color levels ace closely associaced Tennessee Governor Ned McWhcrter 1s likely to make the linnl dec1s1on. Speakers at the hearing directed therr 1111ger at the governor almost as often a.~ at Champion. McWhcrtcr campaigned in Newpott during the last elecuon, promising to help clean the darkened and foamy Pigeon River. which nows through the ci ty's downtown distncL Two Asheville researchers demonstr:ued a new process they have developed, which they say can clean up the waters or the Pigeon. University of North Carolina Asheville professor Richard Maas and scienust Philip Neal hope to sell Champion on their method, tha1 they say could remove 90 percent of the color in the water. Wilma Dykeman, Tennessee state hisiorian, called a11en1ion to Champion's history of environmental abuse. and went on LO say that human actions should not be allowed to destroy any natural re.source. One speaker suggested that to establisb a vanance would open a Pandora's box to industry. Another Cocke County resident said that he felt that SU\lc leaders, by holding the hearing, were requesting the public "to make my murder legal.• So Greenpeace voluntocrs and ea.st Tcmesscc UTUMN • 1988 �(continued from page 7) Natural World News SPECIAL REPORT THE DOGWOOD BLIGHT by John Creech For as long as people have lived in Appalachia. they have delighted in the white dogwood flowers which splash the hillsides in spring. The bright red berries of the dogwood arc an important food source for many bud Gild ammal species when lhey appear in the fall. And the dogwood tree plays an imponan1 part in the ecology of the forcsL II is a prevalent understory tree that helps to develop the dark, loamy forest soil that is the basis of life. Soon, however, the great contributions of this small ltCC may be a thing of the past For, even as we lament the blight that killed the chestnut tree back to the ground, another blight lhreatcns the existence of the dogwood r.n:e I.Oday. The dogwood blight has been liule-publiciu.d, yet it has been killing Cornus Jlorida uces throughout a three million acre area in Georgia, Tcnn~ee. and Nonh Carolina. according to Professor of Foresuy Roben Zahner of Clemson University. Unlike the chestnut blight, which was introduced from Asia and swept through lhe Appalachian range 10 a period of 40 years, the anthmcnose fungus which causes the dogwood blight has coexisted with other plant life throughout the region for thousands of years. Scienlists first identified the fungus on dogwoods in Now York and Pennsylvania about 10 years ago. Reseachers at Cornell University inilially believed that some species of the fungus had mutated and attaekcd dogwoods only in the nonheasL However, an identical fungus was discovered on dogwoods in the Cashiers, North Carolina nrea about five years ago and has since been identified on Cornus f/orida trees throughout the Appalachians. The alternate-leaf dogwood (Cornus alttrnifolia), which is not as prevalent nor as beautiful as the flowering dogwood does not seem to be affected by this fonn of the blighL The blight thrives most successfully in moist, shaded areas such as mature forest areas, where it appears first as colonies of spots on lower tree branches. Sunlight inhibits the fungus, so it climbs upward from the shaded interior leaves, blackening and curling all of a tree's healthy foliage in a shon time. The youngest trees are the first 10 succomb to the infection. One scientific hypolhesis is that environmental StrCSSCS may have weakened lhe dogwood tree species 10 such an extent that 11 has become susceptible to the blight fungus. If this is true. as well as boding ill for Lhc dogwood species, it may mean that other trCCS as well arc on the threshold of their tolerance of hUITlllll pollution. Currently rcscarchcrs arc cultivating dogwood trees in controlled environment chambers under various kinds of simulated streSS s1IU31ions. Folinge on young trees has been leached with anlficial acid rain at levels similar 10 those present in the Ka1Uah region today. Investigators have found that these dogwoods take inoculation of the fungus quickly and easily, whereas trees grown free of acidic precipitalion have taken inoculation poorly or not at all. Acidic moisture qwtc possibly destroys the waxy layer of cutin on the leaf surface. leaving interior cells vulnerable to infection. Thi~ damage. perhaps coupled with stress from ozone or other pollutants, allows the fungus to destroy lhc affected leaves in a single year. The metabolism of lhe dogwood U'CC requires tremendous amounts or calcium for sustained and heallhy growth, all of which must be cycled up from the soil. Zahner and others in the scientific community believe that the chemical relationship is such that sulphur and nitrogen deposited in the soil from precipitation are releasing large amounts of aluminum normally bound in chemical comb1ruuions and unavailable. The roots of the dogwood tree draw dissolved aluminum into the tree, where, as Zahner says, the aluminum"competes with the sites on the cell membranes that would normally be occupied by calcium." Th.is creates a calcium deficiency which wealcens and evenlU3lly kills the trees. The dogwood is "not just another pretty tree." The pH of its foliage is basic, and, as the uccs shed their leaves in the fall. Ibis addition to the soil helps balance the soil pH throughout the yenr. Dogwood berries arc a dependable fall and winter food source for quail, IUrkcy, grouse, and a host of songbirds. They arc a wintertime staple for these birds, when v1nually no other foods arc available. Squirrels and deer also rely on this fruit for winter nutrition, and it is an allcmntive fall food for black bc8IS during a poor mast year. . . Zahner believes that this valuable member of the forest community 1s diminishing more rapidly than we rcali7..C. Indeed, the dogwood may soon be facing citlinclion in lhe Appalachian Mounuuns. ~owy display of the KATUAll - page 23 ;i' Photograph taken tarly in this century of miud timber growth on Moust Knob Branch of S110wbird Creek. chestnut enthusiast to understand why state and federal agencies are not providing strong support for chestnut research. The hard fact is that the chestnut is essentially gone from today's forests. Government research monies are already so severely limited that important areas of research for existing commercial species are often not addressed. Diversion of these dollars for chestnut breeding research, which can offer no absolute guarantees of success, would not be in the best interests of our forests from either an ecological or a commercial standpoint. Therefore, it falls upon the private sector, both individual people and organized foundations, to suppon chestnut research. Private support can come in a variety of forms: monetary donations, sharing knowledge of flowering chestnut sprouts with researchers. or volunteer labor. Private chestnut interest groups are forming in a number of states. The American Chestnut Foundation is an ideal organization 10 coordinate the activities of private groups and individuals. The Foundation's scientific steering committee is comprised of leading chestnut researchers and other scientific authorities. It advises and guides research conducted by the Foundation and associated cooperators. Private groups may become state chapters of the Foundation and thereby become linked with the scientific community. In summary, there is still hope for returning the American chestnut to the forests of eastern Nonh America. An increasing number of scientists, private individuals, and organizations are working toward developing a blight-resistant native chestnut. Reforestation of our woodlands with American chestnut trees is a massive undertaking and will only be possible through the cooperation and coordination of all interested parties. Hopefully, the results will be positive, and some day in the future some of us will be able to sil under the "spreading chestnut tree." Dr. Scott £. Schlarbaum is Associate Professor of Forest Genetics in the Department of Forestry, Wildlife, and Fisheries of the Institute of Agriculture at the University o/Tennessee in Knoxville. He direc1s the UT Tree lmprovemem Program and is coordinating a project to develop blight-resistant American chestnuts suitable for resroration ill the Appalachian Mowuain bioregion. , AUTUMN-1988 �Dear friends, We have heard about you lhrough friends and want to supparc your effortS at b1oregional enlightmcnt. We have a small family dairy with 25 cows, hogs, sheep, poultry, etc. on a 200 acre hill farm 20 miles north or Roanoke. We can spare you about 200 lbs of milk (translated mto monetary donation). Send us a few back issues if you have them. Lei us know when you need more. Many thanks for your effons. DRUMMING LETTE RS TO K ATUAH John & Linda Thornton Fincastle. Virginia Dear Friends, Dear KOJUah, A friend gave me a copy of Summer '&8 issue a few days ago. I read through ii with delight I've lived here 12 years loving these mountains while watching lhe desolation, which is gelling out or hand and going really rast It is good 10 see a journal which represents other, of a concern similar 10 my own. I feel less alone in my panicular facets or appreciation for this mOSt beautiful area of USNearlh ..•The change going on here is best expressed by announcers a1 monster IJUCk rallies when a big-wheel pick-up is crushing a line of cars, "The dcs11Uc1ion is awesome.• 1 enclose a donation 1ow3tds encouraging your efforts, and would love 10 panicipaie along the way in whatever capacity possible. I can write readably. and my heart is with you. T. J. Northington Spana, North Carolina Dear Friends, David Wheelers article, '"The Tracks or lhe Panther" is so incredibly beautifulIt was also very informative and inspiring. There is enough motivation and human power tO bring this wilderness corridor into reality' With just a handful or advocates locrucd lhrooghou1 lhe ll1C8 or the proposed corridor, interest can be drawn from local Audubon chapterS. Sierra Clubs. etc. I remember my first trip along the parkway and thoughts of what it could be like if moose, cllc, bear and wolves still remained. I remember the sadness of knowing they were gone. I beheved they could never return. What a gin Jamie Saycn has given us by focusing his energy and developing the PAW plan! And how fonunate we are to have KOJUllh to bring us the news! The PAW plan is so WORTllY of our aucnuonl WE can mnke a positive 1mpac1 on the ecology unlike anything that h:is been done to dale in lhe United StateS. Dear Friends at Ka11'ah, Blessings! Thanks so much for your wisdom and time on the phone (in helping to form a bioregiofllll journaJ for the Adirondack area). We are making some solid contaCtS with wrilCrS, graphic artists. and others who are encouraging us on to do this thing and are iniercslCd 1n participating. The crv.ies1 "chance• meetings cum out to be the most fruitful of all. We had spoken about lhe boundaries of this region - n's huge! The Adirondack Biorcgional Province (according 10 a map in the old RAJNBOOK) prcuy much follows the boundaries of the Adirondack Parle - 6 million acres! Needless to say, we llunlc that we can best get a clear image of the many ecosystems here if we divide this massive area into 4 to 6 (or more) sections, and in the first issue ask in1crcs1ed persons in each section tO connect with us - they can 1C3d us on an exploration of their particular sections - one fca1ured in each successive issue. How does 1ha1 look to you? Comments and advice are apprcciar.cdl I'll just enclose what we have so far. We'd love lO be able IO share Our copy of Ka1Uah with folks. but i1 is bccom ing dog-eared, ecc. Tt's in our collection or newsleu.ers that we are using as "texcbooks". If you could find some exlt3S, we would be happy IO help with a dona1ion 10 cover eos1 or postage and retail value of copies! (And, of course, to suppan your efforts there, a bil more green). A friend se1 up a barter for us: If I do a particular Indy's gardening, she will do our initial layout design! Tnlce care, Mamie and all! We respect you, KOJtlah! With Warmth! Joyce Vanselow Box 12 Riparius, New Yort 12862 With love, cxci1emcn1 and e1emal gratitude, Frank Trombeua HendCtSOnv1llc, North Carolina Dear KOJuah, ...Thanks. Your journal moved me, as a native or Kaniah now displxed to ScauJc. Clair Englander KATUAH - page 24 ...Found a copy of Kotuah Journal at the Appalachian Trail shelter on Wild Cat Mountain· near the Fish Hatchery - and near Camp Cherokee ...enjoying iL Beuy M Gore Dec!l1ur, Georgia Today I received your complimentary issue and I'd like to thank you very much for it When I saw 11 a1 the Black Mountain Festival, I knew it was for me. At present, I'm unable to send the SIO, but once I'm employed again 1 plan 10 subscribe. A li1Lle while ago a friend called to say he h:id mailed in a subscription in my name. Now, once I can afford it, I'll order one or your great tee shins. The day after returning from the festival, and after having !'CM your Spring issue. I h:id an asunl experience which I'd like to share with you and perhaps you could shed ligh1'as to lhe meaning for me. I was above the festival s11e and saw ii all - sky, mounUlins, meadow, ring of tents and pand; with 4 hawk feathers in the sky a1 cardinal poincs. Superimposed on it all were the words "Wolf Medic me". I am carving all or this in what I call a medicine shield format. and once it's completed and painted, I'll send you a picture. l wonder whaL the signific~nce of Wolf medicine is. Any ideas from you or your re:idecs? Thanks, Kicran Crunficld 412 ML View Valdese, North Carolina 28690 .. .I enjoy taking my newborn (well. actually he's 3 months old already) with me m the woods, and he looks around a1 the ll'CCS so w ide-eycd. He really loves the outdoors, and sometimes I will wonder, wow, if only you could see the Smokies, the wild rivers, the huge boulders, the trees, feel God's presence around you, way up on a mountain ...bul then I remember, my wife and I lived m Tennessee (Pigeon Forge) for four momh~ and we Jost everything we owned trying to survive up !here. I don'1 think I wilJ ever be able to live amongst the earth cathedrals of Kauiah, but I've kepi Philippians 4: 11 m my mind. I'm not t0ta.lly satisfied here in Texas, but I am doing wha1 I can. I've already planted 3 low chill apple trees on my 1/3 acre "farm", and I plan on using pcrmaculturc design principles throughout The beginnings of a Big Thickel/Texas pcrmacul1urc center, maybe? ... Peace and light, Jorge Vcl4zqu.e1 Rt 5, Box 86-D Cleveland, Teus 77327 AUTUMN - 1988 �Drawing by Rob Messick Dear Friends, I am a member or the Prison Opposi1ion Commiucc. We arc b:mling a prison the Arkansas S1:1te Boord of Corrections says lhcy wall build in our unique comer or the Ozarks. And we say they will not. We have over 3,000 sign31WCS on petiuons. At our last meeting, a mM named Ray Waus stood up and told how his grc:it. great-grandfather was born on the Trail of Tt3rs. He s:tid th:lt 300 Indians had died at a place called Lukcy Springs (obou1 three miles rrom my home). The TraiJ or Tears runs very, very near the proposed prison Sile. That night I was reading. I heard a rhythm--rain1ly at first, becoming louder--and then I "hc:ud" the words or the enclo.~ poem. As I Slit up lO get pen and pencil, a presence "sat down" to my len. It wns very, very UUlgible. (I am part Cherokee.) I wrote down the poem. Later, as I do1.cd off, I felt my right arm being rruscd an the darkncss--qu1tc eerie. Then a voice spolcc through me--a hu.~ky voice, like a man's. It s«med to me that a lot or time posscd-but my husband ~id u was only a liuJe while. •r had spoken of being "lost..los1..I had II()( died a Warnor's death. I had come to join in this new battle"." Yesterday we traveled over a portion or the Military Road--a part or the Trail or Tears. I saw Lukcy Sprin~. A little further along the road, I was led" into the woods. There I saw a faint impression in the earth - lhc old trail. Then I "heard" them again. I s:it on the ground. They said again, ·we did 1101 die a Warrior's death. When these leaves fall ... we will return .•." This autumn will mark the 150th "birthday" of the Trail or Tears. I sec this as a Vasioo Quc.~1! I intend to record mote or Ray W:m's stories and legends handed down in ha~ family • and I m1end to record the Voices of my people ti they ~to/through me. Arc you interested an my journal as I ltllvel along? Sincerely. Barbara Ellet Dail AUTUMN- I TRAIL OF TEARS A NEW PROTEST Our only mark a wind thaJ blows Upon our heads a thousand snows..... Ow only tears rain on the hills And the sobbing song ofthe wluppoonvil/s. YOU asked for the stOry of \lo hy I spc:ik about pcsticulcs. II is a question I have :l'kcd m>-sclf, because I would rather enjoy the farm quaclly or speak of the oneness or hfc. Several years ago I be&311 to conuic1 App31achian Power Comp:111y and slalC agencies 10 protect myself from p.!Sl!Cide exposure. I had had severe allergic reacuons to chcmicols and several years or health proi.tems• .,,,hich have healed 'The scns1tiv11y I ha'e now IO chemicals simply alcns me to theu presence tn the air. Often .,,, hen there LS pc.~ticulc an the air. 311d v3por from it docs get in the air, I hc.y others speak or symptoms which I know can be tnggcrcd by indirect pesticide exposure. I ~'peel that many people without recognizing at are nffcclCd to some degree by chemicals. Sance Uiey are a stress to the immune system, I wond.:r what wall be the long term consequences to children growing up in the midst of chemical use. And how much wall our environment absorb? I speak of my concern while knowing that symptoms reflect something deeper. Three umes I was accidenlly SPtayed in public places with herbicide or insecticide.and I think about the weeds and insects that arc labelled pc~ts ond lulled. And about lhc animals on which these chemicals arc tested. The language of public agencies IS facts and figures. a different language from that which Earth and its fauna and flora speak, but one which I have learned out of my experience. So I speak of facts and figures, though they arc but one level of a multi-leveled truth . Thanks to Ka1Uah for speaking so beautifully ol the mtcr-coonectedocss oC all life. Sincerely, Nancy Barnhardt ML Airy, Virginia Now peacefully we lie at resr Here in the Ozarks' Stoney brea.rt. In life we could not wulerstand Why we were driven across the land And now we hear, not even death Can save us from the white man's breath, For still he gives the loud commands Thal drove us once across srrange lands. He comes now ro disturb our sleep Where cedar glades a vigil keep. Hear us now. We will not go For on our heads a thousand snows. Hear us now. \Ve will not bend To the white mllll's ways again. Three Juuulred strong, a mighty ba11d To keep the wltire man from the land. They cannot build a prison here; Where live men like the the dead appear. Hear us now. We will not go. Hear us now. We rel/ you so. We waJJc these hills on ~ery wind. Great Spirit is a mighty friend. -Barbara Eller Dail Noncy has now moved to the Chapel Ifill, North Corolino area (Uwharria bioregional pro11inet} where she will be working as on tnvironmtntal lobbyist. Dc:it Kailiah friends, The issues you are dealing with are criucal for our continued CJtistcncc. Being a member of the Baha'i Faith and having Cherokee heritage makes me even more concerned about ha.rmony with nature and my fellow humans. Some Baha'i friends arid I arc in the planning stages of cstabli.~hing a Lcaming/Hcalmg center which v.oold work 10ward the uni[)' ol the healing .u and education methods. Therefore I would be very intcrcSIC.d m any Ulfornutioo or contacts )'OU may ha\'C in this area. I am especially inLCreSICd in knowing more about herbal n:mcdics such as those prescnlt.d by Carolyn Pon. I would v.-clcome the opportUn11y 10 meet with you to discuss some of our mulllal concerns and goals. I li\'C near the headwaters of the Clillch Raver. What do you know about this area (the Clinch Valley) being sacred tem1ory 10 the OlcroL.ccs? I am looking forward to heanng from you. Warmest Greetings, Oint Dye P.O. Box 55 Swords Creek, Virginia 24CH9 KATU AH - page 25 �(nruural) - no electne, no plumbing, and the liule DRUMMING continued from p. 25 wildlife people feel OK hete. Ka11lah editor: I really connected IO the concepis of your journal and your goals. as expressed in Earth First! (February issue, •Reviews"). all.ho' I myself see us as passed beyond the point of choosing qwtlity life stand:uds or not, for living beings. I feel humans have destroyed (and are destroying) so much of our basic life-support needs - air, watctS, soils- that we may only have a choice of octivating NOW IO save what's left., or simply become extinct in I.he very near fuuue. I've been trying IO "live on I.he land"hcre since 1978, doing a "half-passed" Job of it-still connected much IOO much IO machine age things. I'm trying now IO deepen my own dctcm1inalion, woit MUCH harder, sleep less. quit wasting time on any unnecessary things, and become much more self-suflicicnL Cutting off from machine age life 100% is my goo.I. I want IO produce all my own food and drinking water. finish the rock walls for this old home, can all the summer fruit here, and so on. I've kept my place very primitive Anyhow. I wnnt to offer you info of I.he suppon system that has enabled me to deal wilh never-ending stvere problems as natural world meets machine age. I refer to Nichircn Shoshu, Buddhist World Peace MovcmcnL Here's our chant: "NAM-MYOHO-RENGE-KYO" and we chJnt LO a small scroll called "Gohonzon" on which is inscribed concepts of universal enlightenmenL Due to I.he miserable schedule of my city job, I feared I'd not get my nightly chanting done last nighL I figured I'd fall asleep, after nighis of home-coming al midnight and 1:20 am, so I've been chanting how I'd stay awake. Sure enough, after some chanting. I dozed off last night. I woke up. but I jus1 would not get up, laying there, thinking of all the urgent things, but NOT MOVING. Then I heard "Thump. Thump." an odd noise ..?? I guessed what it was and jumped up. It was BAD KiUy, go1 in I.he cupboard, got my Swiss cheese, and was banging it on the floor to break off bites. It was chanting that brought Kiuy into the cabinet of food: the only lhing lh31 would get me up, without being dreadful, like a fire or such. I've chanted for Glady, murdered bear, that she returns to happier new life. Here's a grc:it phJ'Mc Crom our teacher, wriucn by Miao-lo, great Buddhist teacher of India: •A plant., a uee, a pebble, a speck of dust, each has innate Buddha D3turc, along with the other causes and conditions needed t0 auain Buddhahood." I hope you people there may only try this chanting 10 bring many bencliis to your own fine work. To locate members in your area, contact: Nichercn Shisher Community, 4603 Eastern Avenue. Mt. Ranier. Maryland 20712. (301) 779-3255. Sincerely, Janice Blise A Katuah reader in Knoxville, TN sends this flier that was being distributed there by you11g people in punk auire. ROOFING FOR AUNT PEARL "They want met' move I' town," bent over her cane and squinting up at me covered with stop-leak and tar, holding hot rolled roof, "but a told 'em: her palsied hand's finger pointing to the soil, "that I'm Cold Knob born. Cold Knob bred, 'n' when I die, by God, I'm gonna be Cold Knob dead.· KNOXVILLE PUNKS GO ECO ... - Bob Henry Baber Dear Kataah, Just wan1ed to write in and say how much I appreciate the efforts of those wildlife officers who for three years have !>een looking into the bear pooching here tn these mountains. h was very courageous of those folks to do that. . .You know t~ey were really laying their hvcs on the hne in some cases. So I think they deserve a special thanks from all of us who want to see the bears survive here. I hope the coun has the sense to follow through in adequate punishment of the people who were poaching. It doesn't do much good to do all that work and then have them not be strongly punished. The bears are having a hard enough time dealing with this drought. They don't need co be having to deal with all the threat of poaching as well. MAKE TH M PAY PLUG UP A MAGH1NE TODAY ! Sincerely, M. L. Lewis Let Ille Military-Industrial Complex Beware! �Medicine- .Allies ful I color T- sfJirts REVIEW Where Legends Live: A Pictorial Guide to Cherokee Mythic Places by Douglas A. Rossman (Cherokee Publications; Cherokee, NC), 1988 If you are enchanted by the colorful, moving myths ana legends of the Cherokee .... .if the skin along your neck crawls at the thought of Utluhtu, the Spearfinger, snaring the livers of unsuspecting victims.....if you have feared the giant serpent Uktena, bearing the blinding crystal Uluhsati on its head, luring even the greatest warriors to their death .. ... then you have also wondered about the dwelling- and haunting-places of these great creatures of myth. Where Legends Live, by frequent Kati1ah comributor Douglas A. Rossman, will provide you with a glimpse of those places. Black-and-while photographs depict the actual geographic locations of sites: from Gahudi ("the finding place"). where the great Uktena met its demise; to the various dwelling-places and council houses of the Nuhnehi ("those who have always been here"); to Uguh-yi, "the place behind the water," where Thunder Beings lived. Lovely stippled illustrations by Nancy-Lou Patterson bring alive the text. Where Legends Uve is the perfect companion 10 Cherokee myths and legends recorded by historians, ethnologists, and other writers. If you dare to view the land of the g.reat Uktena, Rossman's book is for you. In ths traditional Cherokee Indian belief. the .cr~~turss in the world today ars only dlmmultlve forms of the mythic beings who once inhabited ths world, but who now reside in Galuna'ti, ths spirit world, the highest heaven. But a tsw of ths original powers broke through ths spiritual barrier and exist yet in the world as ws know it. These beings are called with reverence •grandfathers•. And of thsm, the strongest ars Kanatt, the lightning, the power of the sky; Utsa'natl, ths rattlesnake. who personifies the power of the earth plane; and Yunwi USdi, "the little man·. as ginseng ls called m the sacred ceremonies, who draws up power from the underworld. Each is the strongest power in its own domain. Together they ars allies: their energies complement each other to form an even greater power. As medicine a/Iles, they represent the healing powers of the Appalachian Mountains. The medicine powers of Katuah have been depicted in a striking T-shirt design by lb~y Kenna. Printed in 5-color silkscreen by Ridgerunner Naturals on top quality, all-cotton shirts, they are available now in all aduh sizes through the Kalanu bioreglonal mail-order suppUsr. Order shirts from: KAl.ANU Box 282; Sylva, NC Katuah Province 28779 Please specify size: Sm., Med., Lg., X·Lg. KRLRNU BI OREG I ONRL BOOKS ANO TOOLS FOR LIU I NG IN RPPRLRCHIR •The Education or LitUe Tree • by Forrest Olster A boy ltarllS oboUI lift from his Chtrok.te gra11dpam11s ON! 1ht surrounding hills. A story full of wisdom and love tlwt will one day be recognized as a lilerary classic. • S11.00 • Myths and Sacred Fonnulas or the Cherokee • collected by J31ncs Mooney A jollnlty through time and the Appalachian mythic lond.scap<!. - S15.00 • The French Brood • by Wilma Dykem311 A rousing history of the French Broad River wotershtd.full offaCJs and tht spirit of the mountainS. • SI0.00 • Strangers in High Places - by Michael Frome Tht story of 1/te Great Smoky Mountains and tht creation of a national park. • $9.50 • Landscaping with Native Plants - by Cordelia Penn Creating nmural londscQ/XS iJr ti~ eascernfores1 lands. • S7.00 • Where Legends Live - by Douglas Rossman A geography of Cherokee myth. · S5.00 All prices include posmge. - Kim Sandland P~ add 5% sales w IO iolal. Order from: KRLRNU P. 0. Box 282; Sylva, NC Kamah Province 28789 WATER PURIFICATION EQUIPMENT SO LAR PROOUCTS Member NC Wa1 Ouahly Assoc1auo11 er HWY 107 RANDA LL C LANIER RT. 68 BOX 125 704-293-59 12 CULLOWHEE, NC 28723 .~·~ !> ~if."'~: Natural Food Store & Deli All 1101urol 160 8I080W1ly Ash9Yllle, NC 28801 · '.ll·1fiune- Cmm1..._ 1 Ht,,.x l.J.Jc., L .· ~n.;.au. Clary S.1gc. and more .lir.lf,,;.,.. /re~ cota109ue ,.,. ~ Bluebird Botanlcalt ~ ·oJ~ao.G.r> p 0 Bo• 1271 ~. . .;"'. 'J.~~·, fr~nkkn NC 211734 ~/ ~ ~ &rbdra R,;m,•n,nyder PhD ~, ~~-- t.... AUTUMN - 1988 ' Where l!lroadwly ~ Mlrrtmon Aw &1-240 OPEN 7 DAYS A WEEK SCOTT BIRD GREGBLAO( (704) 683-1414 fl8M795 Monday.S.urct.y: 9am·8pm Sunday: 1pm-5pn (704) 253-7656 KATUAH - page 27 �"A Cosby farmer used a hollow chestmn tree as a barn for a pig and a cow." JOURNEY • Dr. Frank W. Woods (University of Tennessee) 1. Gm wl.ncrel! IJear my &~ c:rown Slt h1.9h on my throne X.now the trees CGU ••• CaU ••• TauntLnlj ~out of my sf«p ... wa!.A. There·s sGfety ln the Jtock. B1.1t you Gre Q Coner too _.tnd, Q WQtc:fiu 1.mpotlult to tclL IJhere hGve you &ecn, c:row? you C:Qn trovd ln GU wortds Swoop down Qnd. r~ See lhroUCJh my CtJCS !he c:unnlruJ X.now my cfarrt.ness What CQn you. open wlth my beart.? l.lhat c:Gn you CJrGsp wlth my tciC.ons? Caw ••• C11W ••• n~ c:row splrlt f i.qflts the Ctil.Je Ctever down. you survwe t see throucfo your eyes the c:unnln9 1. &eco~ one wllh the c:row Thro"'Jh the c:rGclt. Ln the stone S!lp down journey deep l.n f t!Ajht n~ c:row Ln the nxu! p Lcrt.s at my m l.nd. 1.t dears the splrLt. wGy kle l.f"Gvet far ln c:a!t Wortds Author Lorna Thornborough stOJlding by a c~.ftnut giant in the I920's (continued from page S) The Last Rites We neec! to rleClt our hurts now Put our [lves ln order I? now We neel! to say what we m&Gn to stly and. pray for9we anci CJlve get Cuctd now Our [lves fttl5h &efore our eyes The o[c( ways Ifie I.le Gre rec1m1~"'9 the Ca~t nuis from Crow Woman Dreaming -poems by Colleen (Self-published), 1988 Redman Eight pages, available for $5.00--or trnde--plus postage from Colleen Redman; P.O. Box 634; Floyd, VA 24091. , KA TUAH • page 28 depressions in the bark with small orange bumps protruding from them. The can.kers grew through lhe phloem, to the cambium, and into the rree's xylem layer, eventually girdling the tree. By 1910 the blight had spread acf?SS New York and New Jersey and was moving nonh into Massachusetts. It had previously been spotted in locations in Pennsylvania. Already the blight had damaged millions of magnificent trees, and scientists knew that they were faced with an epidemic. Pennsylvania made the only attempt to stop the spread of the blig.ht. In 11 _1he state gathered a team of enunent sc1en11sts and spent $500,000 on their effons. bu~ to no avail. The blight continued on, mov.mg inexorably southward • almost 25 miles each year - through the valuable chestnut stands. By 1938 F.H. Milh:r, park forester in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, announced that 'Tully 85% of the chestnul in the Park has been killed or affecied by the blight." Undamage~ tree~ we.re found, p:micularly at 1he higher clevauons, even laie into the I 940's. but eventually v1nually all of them succumbed to the invader. An estim:ued 3.5 billion Castanea trees wllhered to the ground. The mighiy chestnut was vanquished. A mainstay of Appalachi:m economic life was lost v. ith the demise of the American chestnut, as well as an important source of sustenance for mountain families. But unquestionably it was the fore:.t wildlife that was hardest hit by the loss of this gre~t tree. No one was mrudng wildlife surveys m the early J900's, but it was apparent to any hunter lhat the loss of the chestnut severely curtailed the populations of several species of Appalachian wildlife. Black bears and wild turkeys were particularly threatened. Between the loss of the dependable fall chestnut mast crop and the inroads of over-hunting, both those species were almost eliminated from the Southern Appalachians. The chestnut tree is not entirely extinct but ll has been banished into a strang~ limbo. Root systems still live underground, and they still send up sprouts that in some places have become an imponam understory shrub. But ~fore ~e young saplings can reach matunty, their bark cracks, the typical cankers appea;. and the small trees are soon dead. W11hout leaves to suppon them, the chestnut roots arc slowly losing their vigor under~round. Few of the saplings reach nut-beanng age. and large chestnut trees surviving above ground are very, very few. . But isolated trees do survive. and through the work o~ sc~cnce pas_!onately s applied and sheer f:ulh in the resiliency ot the chestnut, hope for the former forest giant i~ grov. ing. A concerted effort on the pa.rt of a large number of aware volunteers could undo the damage we have done a~d restore the American chestnut tree to us naturnl habitat in Appalachia. "Where there be mountains, be there clte.wiuus once again!" AlJTUMN • 1988 �Young People's Page !\ature is a book with a lesson for each day. Before man This is where the animals roamed looking for prey. This is where the flowers grew making the valley be:iutiful. Then came man • I le destroyed the animal ' homes. I le killed 1he aninlats. I le polluted the air: and water. Man has done wrong. It is up to u. to correct htm. - M:itt Ghonnley Clnldrcn, running through the fields, Leaves. rustling through the winds. The sight of n:itun: make-. me h:ippy. But the iliought of nature m3kes me radiant. - Steve Yazdik - Kamari Venable As the cricket checpi; And the jays say goO<lnight To one another, I wonder "hy we must Destroy this world Which we do not own, But nrc pennincd to borrow. 'I'ake your problems to lhe mountains Ami ask for help. Your problems may be solveu. If you le:lrn how to listen. - Brittany Hop~ns . Wan.song lfarley Nature is talking to us. Some people have coough patience To listen to what it.says. The future can be changed If only we i.top to listen. - Suzanne Schenley - B:irbara Miller If every man had the chance to sit alone by a river. he may think twice what he does. - Amy Jones Thanks ro Amy Cogan ar Grear Smoky Wo11111ain Envimnmenral Education ln.srimre ar TrefTll)nt, locared in rile Grear Smnky Mo1111rui11 Nminnal Park. Drawing by Rob Messick AUTUMN- 1988 KATUAH ·page 29 �Helping Injured W ildlife Each year many injured or orphaned wild animals and birds of prey are brought in from the woods. The Western North Carolina Nature Center received over 600 creatures, mostly raptors, requiring assistance last year. Yet there arc few wildlife rchabilitators who have the necessary permits from the US Depanment of the Interior and the North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission to care for the distressed individuals. Wildlife rchabilitators house, feed, and exercise the disabled birds and animals, and then introduce them to prey so that they can again fend for themselves. Presently, the few wildJife rehabilitators in the region are overburdened and cannot possibly keep up with the number of creatures in trouble that are constantly brought in. Clyde Hollifield, a wildlife rchabilitator from Old Fon, NC has conceived of a program to help bird and animal fanciers to become licensed rehabilitators. Working with the Western Nonh Carolina Nature Center, Clyde is organizing a series of night courses on rehabilitation skills: feeding, handling, observing and diagnosing bird and animal ailments, and emergency first aid. No experience or technical skills are required, just a desire and a commitment to help wildlife. Rehabilitators are volunteers who, though they receive no pay, gain deep satisfaction from their work. Being a wildJife rehabilitator requires dedication, but it can rake up as little rime as the practitioner desires. "Even keeping and releasing one bird per yeru- is a great help, .. says Clyde. "Every creature is important. Each bird that flies away is a valuable addition to the gene pool, and means many generations of offspring later on down the line. "Even if there were just 10 or 20 more rehabilitators in the area, that would be a great help." Those who would like to register for wildlife rehabilitator training classes or would like more information about the program, write or call Clyde Hollifield, 355 Cedar Creek Rd.; Black Mounrnin, NC 28711; (704) 669-6821. Call for Presentations lmernational Conference on Parkways, Greenways, Riverways The Steering Committee of the l111ulllJ(ional Con[erenu on Parkways. Greenways. Riverways;: The Way More Beouiifu/, to be held Sept.ember 19-22, 1989 in Asheville, North Carolina. invites your proposals flll' prcsenutions. An intemntional gathering of presenters is being sought to represem diverse areas as they relate to parkways, greenways and riverways--their conceptual foundations, their design and construction, and the roles they may piny in our future. Suggested topic areas include multi-governmental cooperation in the jurisdiction of, psychologic:il importance or. and habit.at preservation and the development of parkways, grecnways. and rivcrwnys. The Conference is intended to provide a forum for di31ogue and discussion. Presentations can be in the form or papers, panel discussions, films, videotapes, workshops, case studies. artistic interpretations. etc. Abstracts of presentations should be submitted in narrative form, no longer than two pages, and include presenter's name, institutional/organizational affiJiation, address, and ielephone number, and the title and description of the proposed presentation. DEADLINE FOR RECEIVlNG ABSTRACTS IS DECEMBER 1, 1988. AbstmclS or inquiries should be din!clCd to: Dr. Barry Buxton Appalachilln Consortium University Hall Boone. North Carolina 28608 (704) 262-2064 The Confetenee is sponsored by The Appalachian Consortium, The Blue Ridge Parkway, The River Foundation, The Lyndhurst Foundation, and the National Parlt Service. For additional ideas and inforl'll(llion, co111ae1 Kallinh co-editor Marnie Mu.lier who is a member of the Steering Committu. New River Symposium The New River Gorge National River, a unit of the National Park System in West Virginia., and lhe New River Slllte Parle in North Carolina arc again co-sponsoring the New River Symposium. The eighth annual throe-day symposium, scheduled for April 20-22, 1989. will be held in Radford, Virginia. The multi-disciplinary symposium is open to all those with a professional or avocational interest in the New River, which courses from itS headwaters in North Carolina through Virginia. to itS terminus in West Virginia. a disUlllce of approximately 250 miles. Papers for the symposium are being requested in natural and/or cultural history, folklore, :uchocology, geography, other na.1ur:il. physical. and social sciences, and the humaniLies. All papers should share Lhese common 1hcmes or the interrelationships of the natural, physical, and/or human environmenlS. In order for proposals to be considerod they must be received NO LATER THAN DECEMBER I, 198g and include a 250-400 word nbstrnct which will be reviewed by a panel of professionals. All proposals should be sent Lo the Chief of lnterpret.ation, Nationnl Park Service, New River Gorge National River, P.O. Box I 189. 03k Rill, West Virginia 2590 I. Questions C11D be answered by calling Parlt Headquarters at (3~) 465-0508. ~ T·SHIRTS, SWEATSHIRTS For ADULTS and CHILDREN 15 ORIGINAL HAND·PRINTED NATURE DESIGNS EACH COLORFUL IIDHGN It; PRIN'lED ON Q.UALI'IY T' s Ai<D SWEA'fS �PLA NT A L ITTLE MAGIC Cullivating Communities In the Garden Amuica11 Community Garde11111g Association Conftwire · October 17-20. 1988 • Ask•·tllt,NC All o•cr lhc: country people arc working LOgcther io 1t:1nsrorm open, unu~ space mio viable community gardens. A communtty garden is made up or people, young and old. who appreciate the beauty of growing vegclllblcs and nowers and cultivating communities. Mountain ~ Gardeners in Communtty (MAGIC) (sec Katuah Journal, Spnng '86) has been developing twelve community gardens in Asheville, Nonh Carolina for the past six years. This fall, on October 17·20. 19118, MAGIC will host the American Community Gardening A-~soci:uion's (ACGA) annual conference.This will be a special opponunity for area residents to learn how alive community gnrdening really 1s--around the country. Formed in 1979. ACGA now has 600 members nationwide who suppon the greening or cilies and the building or communities through community gardcrung. Community garden supporters from all over lhc: country and parts or Canada will be imending and MAGIC would like to cxitnd a direct invitation to area residents 10 JOin m the events. The conference will provide a full schedule of acuvities including round ublc discussions. workshops, a trade fair, a BBQ/square dance and a umc for networking. The conference. to be held at the Quality Inn on the Plaza m downtown Asheville, will begin at 9:00 am Mond3y with the kcynot.c address by Jeff Bcn:uvit.Z, direct()( of the RcgcncrJuon PtOJeCt, Rodale Press. The Rcgcncrauon Project is pioneering an innovative rippro~h to community revilllli:r.ation by focussing on the living cn'·ironmcnt and sll'Cngthening local economic.~. Jeff Bcrcuv1l7 will provide pmctiail mformauon or value to groups working on de•cloping and strengthening communities. Workshops will be oHcrcd lrom 9 am 10 4 pm on Monday and Tuc.o;diy and 9 am to noon on Thursday. A lot:JI of 26 workshops will cover a wide range or topics, mcludmg sclf·help gardening programs, gardening with children, new village gardening in Mexico, recycling, and a homculturc therapy panel. The trade fair will run all d3y Tuesday nnd w11J feature ci1h1bits showing n:iuonal, rcgionnl and locul products that provide sarcr, more effccuvc gardening. Wednesday IS traveling d3y ror conferees. featuring vi,1ts to MAGICs garden .sites, a trip up to Cr:iggy G31d.:ns. and a BBQ/square dJncc at the Warren Wilson campus. The conference fees are SIOO for ACGA members and Sl50 for non· mcmbel'!. A·la·carte sclccuons of S35 for a full d3y or work.shops. S20 for the BBQ/sqlWC cbncc and SIO for the g:udcn tour arc offered. If you arc int.c~•tcd in attending or helping with the conrercncc, contact Tom Youngblood·~tctliCll at (704) 251-5666. • Kartn Morgan Herbal Wisdom WorlL<Jiops and I k1b:tl Products Send for Brochure Cyndi llcath Route 2 Box 251 Vala.~. NC 28692 The Second Annua l NEW PRIORITIES CONFERENCE The Ka11iah Journal again joins with a number of other organizations in the area to co-sponsor the annual New Priorities Conference o n Peace, Social Justice and the Environment. The theme for this second annual event is "Wake Up and Dream!" The conference will begin at 8 pm Fnday eve, September 23, with musical entertainment and will then continue all day Saturday, September 24. All activities will be held at Asheville lligh School in Asheville, Nonh Carolina. Registration begins at 8:00 am on Saturday with the opening plenary at 8:45 Keynote speaker will be Alan Gussow, national president of Friends of the Earth, who was enthusiastically received last year as one of the main speakers. Afterwards the morning workshops will offer ideas, skills, and tools needed for turning community "dreams" into reality. There will be two concurrent sessions in each of these subject areas: 1) Mediation/active listening/conflict resolution; 2) Community building; 3) Hope and empowennent/ dealing with change; 4) Earth awareness; and 5) Creative parenting/ non-violent lifestyles. For the session on Earth awareness. K acuali co-editor Marnie Muller, Kay Littlejohn, nauve Cherokee, and Paul Gallimore of Long Branch Environmental Education Center will jointly present a workshop entitled "The Earth is Alive: Living Withi n the Community of Life Systems." Drawing from the bioregional work of Thomas Berry, from contemporary biological and ecological findings, and from native traditions. they will lead a discussion on how to perceive, work with, and celebrate the ecological life processes in which we are immersed. rn the afternoon workshops trained facilitators will assist a dynamic coalescing of "dreaming" and strategizing by conference participants. Using the skills and ideas fro m the morning session. participants will have the opportunity to envision together and share their personal "community dreams," and then to develop positive "next steps" for individual and group actions. The closing plenary, which will conclude at 4:30 pm, will be a time for the afternoon groups to summarize and share the outcome of their workshops and to acknowledge their ongoing capacity to wake up and dream together during the coming year. Conference costs will be held at a minimum to encour:!ge as broad a participation as possible. Fee for Saturday will be $8 to $12. depending on preregistration and lunch options. Scholarships and group rates are also available. Childcare will be available for children ages 3-10. The fee will be $2 per child for the day. The Friday evening musical event will be offered on a donation basis. Volunteers to help with conference prepnration and publicity are needed. For more details regarding this imponanl event, call (704) 252-3036. Now available... A B ioregional Bibliography lis1ing major bon/c.s, periodicals a~ articles associa.1ed w!th 1/ze bioregio11al effort. An e.xcel/em wot f~r a: 11111s1s, scli'!ta;s. /1~rari~s, a~d 1e.acl1ers. Compiled by 1/ze Hudson 81oreg1onal Counc1/, in con1unc11on wuh 1he North American Bwregional Congress. /11c/U/k$ co1111tnit11J Jub/1J1J11g1, 46 pages. S4 00 111clu.ks po11agt. Carh or chr:ck (payabk 10 K. Salt). llwdw11 81oreg111nal CoW1C1/ clo 1\1,kSalt, I 13 W. //th S1 .. New. Yor.l. NY 10011. DESIGNS by Hob :-. tcssick lllustrnt1on & Dcs1~n In Pen & Ink and Colored Pcncll t!lti11ese ,At11p1111ct11re ut .Her/J11'41v e!iHk 11U.STCKSNJTSllCliT ASKVUl'....CZllOI IOU~toll AUTUMN· 1988 KATUAH ·page 31 �eveors ON-GOI NG • CULLOWllEE, NC "Mountain Troul" • exltibi1 wi1h prints, painungs, pholOS, sculplure, rceM!ings of old fishermen, and aquarium wilh live rrouL 8-5 Mon.·Fri., 12-4 Sal. al The MounUlin Het1U1ge Center. WesLCrn Carolina Universily, Cullowhee, NC 28723. SEPTEMBER 17-18 HARRISONBURG, VA "Restoring Wilderness in the East: A Deep Ecology Perspective" conference featuring Dave Foreman (Earth First!), Gary Lawless (Gulf of Maine Bioregion), Jamie Sayen (PAW), Barbara Dugelby (Earth First!), David Wheeler (Katuah). Sponsored by Virginia Earth First! and Virginians for Wilderness; co-sponsored by Kau1ah. At James Madison University in Harrisonburg. Registration: $10 advance, SIS at door. For more info: write VA EFI; Route 1, Box 250; Staunton, VA 24401 or call (703) 885 6983. OCTOBER 8·9 CHEROKIEE, NC 'The An of Troy Anderson (wescem Cherokee) and Shan Goshorn (eastern Cherokee)." Cherokee Hericage Museum and Gnllcry; Cherokee, NC 28719. LO 1-31 MARS HfLL, NC The Bascom Lamar Lundsford Mountain Music and Dance Festival. Mounuun crafts and mounUlin living CllhibiLions. music, stories, dancing. Evening concert. 7 pm. For more info .. call (704)689-1228. 1-2 BRASSTOWN, NC Fall Music Fes1ival, John C. Campbell Folk School; Brosscown, NC 28902 2-14 VALLE CRUCIS, NC "The Great Mad Mother Earlh Pa.intings• • exhibiting lhe work of Marlene Mountain. Pan of "AesthcLic Access '88," privncc, non-<:ommcrcial ellh1b1tions at the Lowell Hayes Studio. Call for inviUltion: (704) 963·5835. CHEROKEE, NC Cherokee Fall Festival. Stickball, Indian dancing, cheslnut bread. exhibits. Ceremonial Grounds, Cherokee. 4-8 17-18 GREAT SMOKY MOUNTAINS "Wild Mammnls of !he Great Smokies" field instruction with Dr. Michael Pelton. $45. Smoley Mountain Field School: 20\6 Lake Ave.: Knoxville, 1N 37996. 17·18 RALEIGH, NC Eart.h Skills Workshop with Eustoce Conway. ConL3Cl Bern Grey Owl: 4 Winds Indian Score: W. Johnson SL (919) gs6-0144. 6-7 CHEROKEE, NC Shan Goshorn speaks about her anwork. Cherokee Heritage Museum and Gallery: Cherokee, NC 28719 CROSSNORE, NC Forest Watch Training Program. Forest management. wildlife, water qunh1y, CIC. $3 registrauon. Dorm space available: S!3/nigh1. Meals extra. Sponsored by Blue Ridge Group, Sierra Club. NEW MOON 13-30 ASHEVILLE, NC "Moumain Sweet Tallc." 2-act play by The Follccellers (Barbara Freeman, Connie Regan-Blake). The Follc Art Center, Blue Ridge Parkway. S8 advance at Malaprop's, SIO al door. For more info., write: The Folktcllcrs; Box 2898; Asheville, NC 28802. 14-16 BLACK MOUNTAINt NC "The Black Mountain Festival" - traditional music and dance, children's activities. The Merropolitnn Blues All-Stars, 0.K. Bayou Dance Band, The Heartbeats, Johnny Gimble, Claudia Schmidc, Lorraine Duiset (of Trapezoid), callers Fred Park and Sue DuPre. For the kids: Goldenrod Puppets, songs and stories with Susie Crace. Camping or bunks. $35/person. Pre-regiscer: Grey Eagle and Friends; P.O. Box 216; Black Mouncain, NC2871 I 14-16 HOT SPRINGS, NC "S1umbling Toward lhe Light" retreat wilh Bo and Siia Lozoff. $50. Southern Dharma Retreat Center; RL I, Box 34-H: Hot Springs. NC 28743. 15-16 ASHEVILLE, NC The Second Annual New Priorities Conference on Peace, Social Justice, and the Environment - beginning locally and reaching out. Keynote by Alan Gussow (president, Friends of the Eanh). Workshops, including "The Eanh Is Alive" with Marnie Muller, Kay Littlejohn, and Paul Gallimore. Pre-register by 9/16 to 725 Chunns Cove Rd.; Asheville, NC 28805. For more info, see p. 31 or call: (704) 252-3036 23·24 24-25 RALEIGH, NC Ear1h Skills Workshop, see CARTERSVILL E, GA Southeastern Indian Cullural Festival al Etowah Indian Mound. Largest gathering or SE Indian artisans ever assembled. Contacc Valerie Spratldn (404) 942-8917. ASHEVILLE, NC American Community Garden Association National Conference at Quality Inn. Speaker Jeff Bercuvitz (director, Regeneration Project), 9 am 10/17. Trade show, 10/18. Workshops. Registration: S!OO/members, $150/non-members. For more info., see p. 3 1 or call MAGIC (704)251-5666. 17-20 9/17-18. 2S FULL MOON 20.23 J0..10/2 HIGHLANDS, NC Men's ReucaL A special weekend for and about men. A lime or exploration and shnring led by Dr. Bill Sutton, psychologist. SIOO. Highlands Camp and Conference Centcr: 841 Highway 106: Hlghlllnds, NC 28741. KATUAH • page 32 HI GHLANDS, NC "Fall Landscape Workshop." pho1ography instruction by Sam Wang. App3lachian Environmenial Ans Center: Box 580: 28741 AlITUMN - 1988 �24-29 OAK Rll)GE, TN "Nuke Wa1eh opera1ion ai Y-12 Nuclear Weapons Components Plant. Con1ac1 Oak Ridge: Environmcnllll and Peace Alliance: Box I IOI: Knoxville, TN 37901 or call evenings al (615 l 588-9370. WA YNESVlLLE, NC Seminar. •A Theosophical Pcrspecu ve on Dath and Dying· with Belly Bland. Towald removing fear and anxiety lhrough under..1:111d1ng of Ille process S20 donation. Std-Llgh1. Sec 10/21-23. 19-20 BOONE. NC Earth Skills Workshop w11h Eusll!cc Conway. Conltlct Allem Smnlcy (704) 872-7972. ATHENS, GA Sandy Creek American Indian Pow-wow and Rendezvous. sponsored by Ille Native American Cul1ural Prc.scrva1ion Socie1y Adults: S4.00. Children, seniors: S2.00. For more info.• call An:hie Russ (615) 525--6769. 28-30 HELEN, CA "EARTHSKILLS WORKSHOP• with Snow Benr and Darry Wood. Learn pnm1uve skills 1ha1 1each mindfulness as well as dex1erity. Prc-rcgis1cr S65 10 Bob Slack; Unicoi Smte P..uk: Box 1029: Helen. GA 30545. Call (404) 1178-2201 30-11/11 VALLF. CRUCIS, NC "Thero: is a River·. Ille paintings of Lowell Hayes on exhibll as pan or "Aes1he1ic Accc.~s '88." See 10/2-14. 23-27 21-23 29 21-23 HOT SPRINGS, NC "In1roduction to Zen Meditation, lkebana. and the Tea Ccre:mony" with Dnimn K:ungiri-Roshi and Tomoe Kniagiri. Sou1hern Dhnrma, see 10/14-16. 21·23 YELLOW SPRINGS, 011 "Building Community as if 1he Earth Mauers• conference. Susan Meeker-Lowry. Bob Swann, Chris Weiss, speakers. Community Service, Inc.; P.O. Box 2423; Yellow Springs, OH 45387 (513) 767-2161. ASHEV ILLE, NC Candidates' Forum - Morie Colton and other candidlllcs for SUllC lcgislal.ive posillons will discuss the issues at a public meeung. Sponsored by WNC Alliance, WNC Environmental Summi1, \VENOCA SicJTa Club. Asheville High School, 7 pm. Call 258-8737 for more info. 21-24 31 SAMHAIN (ALL llALLO\\'S EVE) - Hnllowe'cn celebration. Gel out and howl! PISGAH FOREST, NC Rock Climbing Clinic for novu:es at Looking Glass Rock. Gilbert's Rock. ConUICt Eagle's Nest Camp: Rt. 2, Hart Rd.: Pisgah Forest. NC 28768 (704) 877-4213. 23 FULL MOON WAYNESVILLE, NC A Thanksg1V1ng Weekend Spiritual Retreat at Sul-Light with Ille Stil-Lighl staff. Contemplation, discus.~ion of diet and a non-violcni lifestyle. excellen1 vegetarian food. S20. Stil-Light Sec 10/21·23. DECEMBER 2-4 llOT SPRINGS, NC "Tibetan Buddhism. Traditional Melhods for Spirilual Growth" wllh lhc Ven. Tub1cn Pcndey (James Dougherty). "Each moment of our li~·es provides us with the potential for inner growth." Southern Dharma, sec 10/14-16. NOVEMBER :!2 MADISON COUNTY, NC County-wide recycling day. Cash for trash. Raise money for your group! Call Lou Z.cllcr (704) 656-2773 for de Lail.~. 9 HOT SPRINGS, NC "A Mystical Sabbath" - exploring the inner ways and practices of Ille Jewish lrodition wi1h ordained woman rabbi Lynn Oouheb. Soulhcm Dharma, see 10/14-16. 4-6 22-23 ATLANTA, GA Earth Skills Workshop with EusUlce Conway. Contac1 Jill Korn (404) 736-9573. 2.1 11-13 9 J.ULL MOON NEW MOON NEW MOON 18 FRANKLIN, NC "KJllU3h: The Spiritual Landscape• prcscnmtion by David Wheeler and Mamie Muller of Ille Katdah Journal. Meeting of the Mountrun Ligh1 Network. Macon County Community Center. 2 pm. For more mfo, call Marion McCracken (404) 746-2454. However... We hope you'll make plans Lo come to the '.K.atU.ah '.Fall PtcnLc Fall Weekend scheduled for Sept 30 - Oct 2 in Floyd County, Virginia WILL NOTTAKE PLACE due to unforeseen community-wide health problems there. We apologize for any disappointment or inconvenience but will look forward to the possibility of planning it for 1989. ·~ . AU'fUMN - 1988 .. 'if .(~•·:- which we have now scheduled for SATURDAY, OCT. 1st Full Directions: (They're simple, but lhey work.) Go to Bryson City, Norlh Carolina. Follow the signs to "Deep Creek Campground". Optional: Camping is available on a first come basis. The Campground ls pan of lhe National Park system. from 11 :00 am ti! 4:00 pm at Deep Creek Campground in I.he Great Smoky Mountains National Park (as usual). Potluck Lunch games. music, fun. bioregional sharing! Everyone Welcome! Pu::nic info: (704) 622-3430 or (704) 683-1414 Picnic info: (704)622-3430or (704) 683-1414 .. KATUAH ·page 33 ~ �DRUMS • Cus1am hnndcraft.ed ccr:unic dumbecks &: wooden mediclllC drums. Call Joe Roberts al (704) 258-1038 or write to: 73g Town Mount.:iin Rd. ; A.'hcvillc, !l/C 28804. "I'm now 111 a minimum security prison in Knoxville {my home town). r can get out Nov. I, if I find a job before that date. Docs anybody Jeno"' of any job opponunities in the Knoxville area?" Rick Whiu.aker 185670; 5225 Ballard Dr.; Knox\•ille, TN 37918. SMALL HOUSE on land trust in rural NC mountains in exchange for pan-time farm chores and occasional companionship to creative, joyful, menially handicapped adult (or other lllbor, such as tallJCOtry). Quaker family. Meeting nearby. Write: Bob and Dot Barrus: Camp Celo: 1349 H3nnah Branch Rd.; Burnsville, NC 28714 TR.EE PLANTERS WANTED • small, friendly company. Hard worlc, eitccllcnt pay for n:sponSible people with own transport and camping set-up. Dc:c. thru Apr. Eckman Forestry Service; RL l, Box 290-D; Warrensville, NC 28693 (919} 385-6838. FUTONS by Simple Plea<urcs - affordably priced. Send SASE for info to: Simple Plcasurcs; RL I, Box 1426; ClaytOn, GA 30525 (404) 782-3920 SIMPLE LIFESTYLE CALENDAR, notceards, and publications on central Appalachian envuonmcntal issues and home ccologicAI projects avwlablc from ASPJ. AppaLlchia • Science in the Public Interest Publications: Route 5 Boit 423: Livingston. KY 40445 M. TREE DESIGNS: Olustrations and Design • Beyond the pages of lfiis journal, I work in pencil, colored pencil, ink, cut paper, and batik. Fine and graphic an to cxpn:ss and enhance our lives. Logos, brochures, books, portraiture, window and wall hnngings.. Contact Manha Tree (704) 754-«IJ7. EUSTACE CONWAY Guide and teacher of pnmiuve Earth Skills with cmphasi< on fire b1ulding, hide tanning, shelter. and foraging. He tc;Jch~ at public schools, parks, environmenwl centers. and classes of all kinds. For more infonnation conl:lCt him ac 602 Dc.irwood Drive, Gastonia, NC 28084 or call Allcm Sl3111cy at {704) 872-7972 RM DESIGNS • l u.<;e the mcdiu or pencils. colored pencil<, gouxhc, pen and ink, and photography m cre<1ung unique line and graphic an. I can make diagrams, logo<, linishcd prints. and design~ for brochures, cal.:ndars, cards, books. etc. Mandalas and symbols arc my tendency among other styles. Contact Rob M~<~ick (704) 7S4.fl097. KATUAH ·page 34 BLIGHT RESISTANT CHESTNUT · hybrid Amcricarl/Chine.~ Dunstlln chestnut trees - blight resistant, limber growth fonn, productive orchard crop with lnrgc. swceL easily-peeled nuts. Chestnut Hill Nursery: RL l, Boit 341-K; Alachua, FL 32615 (904) 462-2820 "TREASURES IN THE STREAM" • a cassette tape of songs by Bob Avery-Grubel. S 10 to Rt. I. Box 735; Aoyd, VA 24091. PEPPERLAND olTcrs a variety of outdoor education programs for church, school, or civic groups year-round. We will help you design a program for your group. Send for information packet to: Pcppcrland Farm camp; Star Route; Farner. TN 37333. WANTED: LAND m western NC. Family seeks 5 or more acres, preferably near Cullowhec, to preserve and eventually inhabit. tr you have or know of affordable land, contact Bob and Mary Davi~; 213 Westmon:land Ct., Georgewwn, KY 40324 (502) 863-4267. CROIV WOMAN DREAMING • selC-publishcd poetry journal, Celebrating, JOUmeymg, love's alchemy, p!J.netary last rites, renew-JI. SS (or trade) + po.uige: Colleen Redman: P.O. Box 634; Floyd, VA 24091 . CRAFTSPEOPLE - seeking American Indian and contemporary a.rt and craft for purchase or consignment. ConUICt Bero Grey Owl: Four Winds Indian Store: 616 W. Johnson St.: Raleigh, NC 27603 (919) 856-0144. WINGED HEART HOMESTEAD • 283 acres in Indian Valley district, SW Virginia. On tl1is farm we want to start a self-reliant community of families emphasi1.mg orgWlic farming methods and creative pcrsonnl and spiritual growth. Contact: Muzawir; RL HC-67, Box 171; Alum Ridge, VA 24051. HANDMADE HOME in secluded woods, beautiful Wears Valley, Sevier Co .• TN. 7+ acres on priVllte rd. w/ separate anist studio/guest room. House h3s l bedr'm .• bath, wildOowcr patio garden. Asking $52,700. Also•.... COMPLETE WOODCRAFT SHOP. tools and mvcntory for S31e. Located one mile from house on major highway. Reasonable lease on facility. Asking S8700. For more info on the above, call (615) 453-1206. MOON DANCE FARM HERBALS • herbal ~Ives, tinctures, & oils for birthing & family health. For brochure, plca...c wnte: Moon Dance Farm; Rt. I, Box 726: Hampton, TN 37658 ALTERNATIVE COMMUNITY now forming in the mountnins of north GA. Joan others ~ccking gn:atcr cooperation and sclf-suflicicncy. Bnscd oo spiritulll and ecological values. Property IS now available. (404) n8·87S4. Wingtd lwm111 llgutt from Eiowah Mound, KJl!li.ah MEDITATION CUSHIONS • High qWllity traditional cusbaons as well as something new • an "inllatable 1.afu." For fn:c brochure, write: Carolina Morning Designs, Rt. l Box 31 -8, DepL K, Hot Springs, NC 28743 or call (704) 622 7329. STIL-LIGHT THEOSOPHICAL RETREAT CENTE.R a quiet space for personal mcdiuation, group mtcracuon through study, community won.. and spiritual ~minar; . Contaet Leon Frunkel; Rt. I, Box 326: Waynesville, NC 28786 FLOWER ESSENCES · H3rmony with Nawrc and SpariL Ocntle cmouon3l support during transitions. specific issues. rclat1onsh1ps. Open commun1c11tions. Self -adJUSting. non-toxic, awan:ncss "tool\" f0< improving the inner quality. Write; Elaine Geougc; c/o Patchwork Castle: 3931 Hwy. 80 S.; Burnsville, NC 28714 HAND-CARVED WOODSPlRITS, mystical hiking stnffs. and wall hangings by Steve Duncan. For brochure, please write Whippoorwill Studio: Rt. 4, Box 981: Marion, NC 28752. WILDERNESS SURVIVAL TRAINING • one week basic to live week instructor certilicalion COU!SCS. Best training m shelters, fircbuilding. food procurement. plants, land navigation wi1hout JOIRing the army • maybe better! Professional training in beautiful wilderness setting. Green Mountain Wildc:rness Survival School: P.O. Box 125; Waitslield, VT 05673 (802)496-5300. APPLE TREES • old·timcy and popular rontcmpornry varicues on swndard. semi-. or dwarf stoek. Send SASE ror prices Jeff Poppen, Long Hungry Creek Nursery: Red Boiling Springs, TN 37150. APPLE TREES • grafted old -fashioned and contemporary. Send 50¢ for catalog: Henry Mon on; Rt. I, Box 203; G:lllinburg. TN 3773R APPALACHIAN O!NSENG CO. · stratified seed. . < !>Ccdhngs, roots. Send for price list to: P.O. Box 547; Dillsboro. NC 28725. CHEROKEE INDIAN LANGUAGE classes For info, write Robert Bushyhcad; P.O Box 705; Chcroktt, NC 28719. WEBWORKING is free. Send submissions w: Kauiah Journal P.O. Boit 638 Lc1CCSLer, NC Kaulah Province 28748 AUTUMN· 1988 �In the winter issue of Kattloh Jo11r11al the focus will be on views of the economic and natural "changes to come" and lifestyles that will carry us through. The Katuah Journal wanes to commw1icate wmr tlumglus and feelings to the other people the in bioregional province. Send them tom as le11ers, poems, stories, articles, drawings, or photographs, etc. Please send your comribwions to us at: Katliah Journal, P 0. Box 638, Leicester, NC. Kattiah Prt1vi11ce 28748. "Water" and "P~ce and Social Justice Issues in the Mountains" are possible topics for future issues of the Kati1ah Journal. What do you think? We would like 10 hear your perspectives on these imporunt questions. · BACK ISSUES OF KATUAH AVAILABLE ISSUE TIIREE - Spring 1984 Sustainable Agriculture • Sunflowers - Humnn Impact on the Fores1 - Childrens' Educnuon · Veronica Nicholru;: Woman in Politics - Liule People • Medicine Allies ISSUE FOURTEEN· Winier 1986·87 Lloyd Carl Owle · Boogcrs and Mummers • All Species Day - Cabin Fever Unjvcrs1ty • Homeless in Kaul:lh • Homemndc Hot Wal.CI • Stovcmakcr's Narrative - Good Medicine: In terspecies Communication ISSUE FOUR - Summer 1984 Wiiler Drum - Water Quality • Kudzu· Solar Eclipse • ClellJ'Cuuing - Troul - Going to Water - Ram Pumps - MicrOhydro - Poems: Bennie Lee Sinclair, Jim Wnyne Miller ISSUE FIFTEEN ·Spring 1987 Coverlcis - Woman Forester - Susie McMah.1n: Midwife - AJLCmative Contr3Ccption - Bi~llll3li1y • Bioregionalism and Women • Good Medicine: Mauiacharial Culture - Pearl ISSUE FIVE· Fall 1984 Harvesc - Old Ways in Cherokee - Ginseng • Nuclenr Waste - Our Celtic Hcrit:1ge • Bioregionalism: Past. Present, and Future • John Wilnoty • Healing Darkness - Politics of Participation ISSUE SlX - Winter 1984-85 Winter Solstice Earth Ceremony • Horsepns1ure Raver - Coming of the Light - Log Cabin Roo1s Mountain Agriculture: The Righi Crop • Willi:un Taylor . The Fu1ure of the Forest ISSUE SEVEN· Spring 1985 Sustainable Economics - Hot Springs - Worker Ownership ·The Great Economy • Self Help Credit Union • Wald Turkey - Responsible Investing • Working in the Web of Life ISSUE EIGHT· Summer 1985 Celebration: A Way of Life· l<Duiah 18,000 Years Ago • Sncrcd Sites - Folk ArL~ in the Sche>ols - Sun Cycle/Moon Cycle • Poems: Hilda Downer Cherokee Heniage Ccmcr ·Who Owns Appala,h1a? ISSUE NINE - Fall 1985 The Wnldee Forest - The Trees Spc~k • Migrating Forests · Horse Logging • Starting a Tree Crop Urron Trees - Acom Bread - Myth Time ---- -- ------ ISSUE SIXTEEN • Summer 1987 Helen Waite - Poem; Visions in a Garden - Vision Quest • Firs1 Flow - lnitilltion • Leaming in lhc Wilderness - Cherokee Challenge - "Vuluing T~· ISSUE TEN· Wlinccr 1985-86 Kate Rogers - Circles of Stone - ln1emal Mythmnking - Holistic Healing on Trial - Poems: Steve Knauth - Mythic Places • The Uktena's Tale· Crystll Magic - "Drcamspcaking" ISSUE EIGHTEEN· Winter 1987·88 Vernacular Architecture - Dreams in Wood and Stone • Mountain Home • Ear1h Energies • Eanh-Sbcltcrcd LlVlng • Membr:ane Houses - Brush Shelter • Poems; October Dusk • Good Medicine: "Shelter• lSSUE ELEVEN· Spring 1986 Community Planning - Cities and the Biorcgional Vision - Recycling • Community Gardening- Floyd County, VA - Gtl.SOhol - Two Biorcgional Views· Nuclear Supplement - Foxfire Games • Good Medicine: Visions ISSUE NINETEEN· Spring 1988 Perclandrn Garden • Spring Tonics - Blueberries • Wildflower Gardens . Gr:anny Herbalist Flower Essences - 'The Origin of the Animals:· Story Good Medicine: "Power" - Be A Troe ISSUE THIRTEEN· Fall 1986 Center For Awakening - Eliz:ibcth Callari • A Gentle Death · Hospice · Erne.'' Morgan • Dc;iling Creatively with Death - Home Bunal Box - The W;ike - The Raven Mocker • Woodslore and Wildwood.\ Wisc.lorn • Good Medicine: The Sweat Lodge ISSUE nVENTY ·Summer 1988 Preserve Appalachmn W1ldcmess - Highlands of Roan • Cclo Communily - L:md Trust - Arthur Morgan School - Zoning Issue - "The Ridge• • Farmers and the Farm Bill - Good Medicine: "Lind" • Acid Rain • Duke's Power Play - Cherokee M1c:rohydro Project - ~UAH JOU RNAL For more infom1atio11: (70-l) 683-1414 P.O. Box 638 Leicester, NC Katuah Province 28748 Name Regular Membership........ $10/yr. Sponsor.........................$20/yr. Contributor.....................$50/y r. Address F.nclosed 1s $ City Area Code AUTUMN· 1988 to gfre this effort a11 e.ttra boost State Phone Number Zip Back Issues Issue # __@ $2.50 "' $ _ _ Issue # _ _@ $2.50 = $ _ _ Issue # _@ $2.50 = .S_ _ Issue # _ @ $2.50 = $_ _ Issue# __@ $2.50 = $~ Complc.te set of available issues (see above) @ $30.00 =$_ _ l can be a local contact person for my area KATUAH ·page 35 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians Records Description An account of the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, later simplified to Katúah Journal, was published from 1983 to 1993. A quarterly publication, it was focused on the bioregion of former Cherokee land in Appalachia. The early issues of the journal explain the meaning of the Cherokee name, Katúah, and why the editors wanted to view the world through a bioregional lens, rather than political boundaries. A volunteer production, the editors took a holistic view in tackling social, environmental, mental, spiritual, and emotional topics of the day, many of which are still relevant.  The Katúah Journal was co-founded by Marnie Muller, David Wheeler, Thomas Rain Crowe, Martha Tree and others who served as co-publishers and co-editors. Other key team members included Chip Smith, David Reed, Jay Mackey, Rob Messick and many others. This digital collection is only a portion of the Katúah-related materials in the W.L. Eury Appalachian Collection in Special Collections at Appalachian State University. The items in AC.870 Katúah Journal records cover the production history of the Katúah Journal. Contained within the records are correspondence, publication information, article submissions, and financial information. The editorial layouts for issues 12 through 39 are included as are a full run of the Journal spanning nearly a decade. Also included are photographs of events related to the Journal and a film on the publication. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived This resource is part of the Katúah Journal Records collection. For a description of the entire collection, see <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/937" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Katúah Journal Records (AC. 870)</a>. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The images and information in this collection are protected by the Copyright Law of the United States (Title 17, U. S. C.) and are intended only for personal, non-commercial, and educational purposes, provided proper citation is used – i.e., Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians Records, 1980-2013 (AC.870), W. L. Eury Appalachian Collection, Special Collections, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC. Researchers are responsible for securing permissions from the copyright holder for any reproduction, publication, or commercial use of these materials. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1983-1993 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource journals (periodicals) Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Katúah Journal, Issue 21, Fall 1988 Description An account of the resource The twenty-first issue of the Katúah Journal focuses on the history of the American chestnut trees in the Appalachian mountains and a call for their restoration. Authors and artists in this issue include: Scott E. Schlarbaum, Stephen Lewandowski, Lucille Griffin, Taylor Crockett, Kim Sandland, David Wheeler, "Rollo," Martha Tree, Rob Messick, Lucinda Flodin, Pat Montee, John Creech, Barbara Ellet Dail, Bob Henry Baber, and Collen Redman. Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, later simplified to Katúah Journal, was published from 1983 to 1993. A quarterly publication, it was focused on the bioregion of former Cherokee land in Appalachia. The early issues of the journal explain the meaning of the Cherokee name, Katúah, and why the editors wanted to view the world through a bioregional lens, rather than political boundaries. A volunteer production, the editors took a holistic view in tackling social, environmental, mental, spiritual, and emotional topics of the day, many of which are still relevant. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1988 Table Of Contents A list of subunits of the resource. "Where There Be Mountains, There Be Chestnuts".......1 A Natural History Returning the Chestnut.......6 to the Eastern Forest by Scott E. Schlarbaum "Poem of Preservation and Praise".......7 by Stephen Lewandowski Continuing the Quest.......8 to Restore the Chestnut by Lucille Griffin Forests and Wildlife.......10 Eighty Years in the Mountains by Taylor Crockett Gift of the Chestnut......12 Chestnuts in the Regional Diet by Kim Sandland From the Roots........14 Chestnut Restoration Work An Herb Note from Lucinda........17 Good Medicine.......18 "The Changes to Come" Natural World News........20 Drumming: Letters to Katúah.......24 Review: Where Legends Live.......27 Young People's Page.......29 Events........32 Webworking.......34 Note: This table of contents corresponds to the original document, not the Document Viewer. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Katúah Journal, printed by The Waynesville Mountaineer Press Subject The topic of the resource Bioregionalism--Appalachian Region, Southern Sustainable living--Appalachian Region, Southern Chestnut--Appalachian Region, Southern Chestnut blight Cooking (Chestnuts) Forest health--North Carolina, Western--history North Carolina, Western Blue Ridge Mountains Appalachian Region, Southern North Carolina--Periodicals Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/937"> AC.870 Katúah Journal records</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a title="In Copyright – Educational Use Permitted" href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-EDU/1.0/?language=en 8" target="_blank"> In Copyright – Educational Use Permitted </a> Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Appalachian Region, Southern Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. <a title="Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians" href="https://omeka.library.appstate.edu/collections/show/79" target="_blank"> Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians </a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Journals (Periodicals) Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1980s Agriculture Appalachian Mountains Appalachian Studies Bioregional Congress Children's Page Electric Power Companies Forest History Forest Issues Good Medicine Habitat Hunting Katúah Plants and Herbs Poems Radioactive Waste Reading Resources Turtle Island Water Quality https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/0d9900eecbaa84dc53b477e07072e743.pdf fa0c060dc360f4bcedc42ca0ae593baf PDF Text Text Postage Paid Bu._M~ Permil 118 LeiceS1er, NC 28748 ISSUE 24 SUMMER 1989 �• • • • (' • :..~ • • . . . . .. . . . ;_~ f ('!; • : : . - • ' • <....~,,,... ._:.!.-:. • ' .. . . • . . . ~ lONTENTJ = d~ ' ~ ·~ ' ,,..... .. .... ~~'" - - <:==:l: . .. . • 'lo. ~(;' I . Dee~LD~~~~r~i~~................................ 3 7...............................s Life ~~I::rr~~~~ Hiroshima Day 1989 .............................7 Direct Actioo! ....................................... 8 T'AI: PEACE by Patrick Clark Planting a Tree of Peace.......................9 Community Building and Peace......... IO by Richard Lowen1Tial Peacemakers: A Resource Listing....... 11 Ethnic SurvivaJ. ................................... 14 Black Mountain Pairing Project.. ........ 15 "Battlesong" ........................................ I6 A Poem by Heather Pirrillo Growing Peace in Cultures................. 18 by Mamie MuJ/er Review: The Chalice and the Blade..................20 Natural World News...........................22 P eace. As we cxplon: the meaning of this word in the Kanlah pro,·ince. we find as many subjective definition5 as there are people working to manifest lhem. Yet, is there an underlying sense that ties together the different perspectives and the work all these people are carrying on? The answer for us came very lute one night while we wen: gathered to prep3te the spring issue of the KatUa.h Journal. Someone by chance called up from the I Ching the hexagram T'ai, entitled "Peace." The sign was composed of three yin lines over three yang lines--illusuating n smte of vibrnnr balancing. The yin energy, which represent<> the receptive or yielding quality of nature, is above the yang, moving downwnrc.1; and the yang energy, which represents the active or creative principle. is below the yin, moving upward. Abovt IMow The Receptive Eanh ( K'un) The Creative. Heaven (Ch'lcn} A Children's Page...............................25 The ~I reads• Drumming........................................... 26 "111is hel<agram dcnotc.s ;i urne m nature when Heaven seems to be on E:lrl.h. Hc:ivc:n has pixed 11sclf bcnCJlh Ille Eanh. and so lhcll' powers unite Events Calendar..................................28 \Vebworking....................................... 30 in deep h:lrmony. Then ~and blc..~'illlJ;S dc.lecnd upon :Ill living lhmg&." In this hexagram. the I Ching emphasius that peace is not a sunk .st.:ite but r.uher one of dynnmic balane"C, alway:. changing as conditions change. Jn the world of nuture and m the world of the human, everything is in motion. It is in the midst of this swirling interplay of forces which create this Life. rhat we begin to feel n sense of hamiony, of communion, of rightness...that could be: identified as peace. When "'e do not cultiv:ue this hannony, then Life becomes •·our of b:ilancc." Finding balance and maintaining b.·llancc-, both personally and culturally, is a process of continuous exchange. When the exchange is balanced. simple 1hough it sounds... peace brings peace. In this world of diversity :ind disparate value systems. peace does not depend on "an absence of con0ic1", but rather on the way we get through the e-0nnic1. II is 1he embracing of all the life forces. even those in apparent opposition. As we strive to preserve the habitats tha1 maint..'lin life and ro bring about specific political and economic changes. we come to recognfae the connec1cdncss of all things. In 1his way, we produce changes rhat are Sll'Ong and enduring. People like those listed in the pages of this issue of Kattwh Journal, nnd many others in the region, arc an lnspinuion to all of us In tl1eir ded1ca11on. The way they go about workin~ for change ii. itself crearing new ways of relating. And the new rcJ31ionships 1h3t are now incubating llJ'C the Ir.Isis of a new culture. Eventually chc insti1u1ions of society, which are simply renccuons of the basic relationships escablishcd :1mong ourselves and other living 1hmgs, will be transfonncd. "May the Spirit so stro11g in the ~hadow and stmm Hold fast 10 what is righ1, A11d S!irt!ly as JOU breaJlre the gentle air of Peace This ia11d shall shefur in the light of love Tlzis land sl:all shelter in the light " Blessed beThe Ednors (l'w fn>m I CIU11g "'T~ BooJ;. o{CiuJntu.1ranslllle<l sn1et ClcmwJ by Richard Wilhdm Uld ill1o Engluh bt Cory F. Ba)'llCJ. Sons l1ria from "l.a:id ol l.i&Jil" ias ro:orded 11) 1~ Ta-vtdtil/Weawrs) �STAFFTHlS ISSUE: Scott Bi.rd Patrick Clark Andy Half-Baker Rob Messick Marnie Muller Mart.ha Tree Richard Lowenthnl David Wheeler EDITORIAL ASSISTANCE: Susan Adam Abby Bird John Creech WiJI Ashe Bason Jack Chaney Jim Houser Christina Monison PiCllllte Rodney Webb Chip Smilll Morgan Swann ...and !honks IO Jake ror lnte-nighl brownies COVER by Martha Tree INVOCATION from "Meditations with Animals" by Gerald Hausm:m PUBLISHED BY: Ka1U1Jlr Joumal THE SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN BIOREOION AND MAJOR EASTERN RIVER SYSTEMS STATEMENT OF PURPOSE PRINTED BY: The Waynesville Mou11raineer Press EDITORIAL OFFICE THIS ISSUE: Globe Valley WRITEUS AT: TELEPHO.'IE: (704) 683-1414 KarUtiii Jour11al Box 638 Leicesier, NC Kaufah Province 28748 Divemty is an imponant clcmcru of biorog101Ul ecology, bolh lllllUral ond social. In hne w11h I.his principle, lhe Kotuah Journol lrics io serve a,~ o forum ror lhe discussion or regional issues. Signed anicles cJtpn:ss only lhe opm1on of the 3uthors and are 001 ncccss:irily lhe opimoos of lite KotUah Journal editors or sulff. The lnierrutl Revenue Service h3S declared Ka1uah a non-profil SOl(c)(3) of lhc lntem:il Revcnu.: Code. AU contributions 10 Ka1U1Jh ore dcdLICllblc from pcrsont1I income twt. orgnnl~tion under section _, SPIRIT FEATHERS Death feather of the crow puts my enemy to sleep Crow feather Crow feather Life feather of the Jay makes my mind awake Jay feather Jay feather Peace feather of the crane turns my enemy into me White crane White crane (Creek Indian) Here in the southern-most heartland of the Appalachian mountains, the oldest mouni.ain range on our continent, Turtle Island, a smaU but growing group has begun to take on a sense of responsibility for the implications of that geographical and cultural heritage. This sense of responsibility centers on the concept of living within the natural scale and balance of universal systems and principles. Within this circle we begin by invoking the Cherokee name" Katuah" as the old/new name for this area of the mountains and for its journal as well. The province is indicated by its natural boundaries: the Roanoke River Valley to the north; the foothills of the piedmont area to the east; Yona Mountain and the Georgia hllls to the south; and the Tennessee River Valley to the west. The editorial priorities for us are to collect and disseminate information and energy which pertain specifically 10 this region, and to foster the awareness that the land is a living being deserving of our love and respecL Living in this manner is a way to insure the sustainability of the biosphere and a lasting place for ourselves in its continuing evolutionary process. We seem to have reached the fulcrum point of a " do or die " situation in terms of a qualicy standard of life for all living beings on this planet. As a voice for the caretakers of this sacred land, Katuah, we advocate a centered approach to the concept of decentralization. IL is our hope to become a support system for those accepting the challenge of sustainability and the creation of harmony and balance in a total sense. here in this place. We welcome aU correspondence, criticism, pertinent information. anicles. artwork, etc. with hopes that Katliah will grow to serve the best interests of this region and all its living, breathing members. -The Editors Su mmer. J989 �DEEP LISTENING by David Wheeler "We cannot make a change. We musr be rhe change we wish I() create." - Mohandas K. Gandhi There occurs occasionally a unification of spiritual belief and political activism in which the literal applica1ion of a spiritual principle becomes a potent lever for social change. The resulting techniques are so powerful that they arc a1 once a tactic for solving a problem a11d also lhe solution 10 the problem. It might be said tha1 in that situation the means and 1he end are one and the same. But m ac1uality, when those si1uations occur, there no longer arc diffcre.ntiated "means" or "ends." There is simply a continually unfolding process of change. The mos1 prominent case in modem times is non-violent direct action as pr.tcticed fim by Mohandas Gandhi in South Africa and India and then later by Martin Luther King, Jr. on th is continent. The principles of non-violent direct action have revolu1ionized the role of social protest in the world 1oday. F.ven as people pro1est specific instances of injustice, they also set a positive example of how to resolve social conflicts and raise a posi1ive spiri1ual consciousness a1 1he same time. Today ano1her method known as "deep listening," is curren1ly being developed even as it is being applied. It, 100, will also be noted as one of those powerful unities of spiritual and social practice. Herb Walters is a founder and presently a s1aff worker with Rural Southern Voice for Peace (RSVP), a small group of dedicated activists promo1ing peace issues throughout the southeast from a base in the Celo Community on the Soulh Toe River near Burnsville, Nonh Carolina. From his experience as a counselor of disturbed and delinquent adolescents, as a member of the Society of Friends (Quakers), and as an insrructor in the principles of connict resolution and non-violent direct action, Herb has come 10 realize the power of the Quaker tenet of "listening." The basic principle of deep listening, as practiced an "Listening Project!>'' organized by the RSVP staff, is simple in the extreme: it is listening - without opposition or judgement - to the emotions, wishes, and fears of ordinary people living in ordinary communities. Ye1 the simple act of listening holds great potential for organizing political movements for social change, Listening Projects are often held in communities which a.re facing a crisis situation or divided by a controversial issue. ''Listening Projects are basically a process for geuing activists 01Jt into a community," says l lcrb. On a political level there arc two reasons for getting organizers into neighborhood~. One is tha1 an order for a movemcn1 to expand its base, i1 must reach out to ney. segments of the population - people who mtty fed hopeless or powerless 10 bring about change or people \\hO may be ovenly hostile 10 ch:inge. Listening Project volunteers go to the homes. of people in a target community and approach them dircclly about ll1cir concerns on issues as 1hey are felt wilhin that community. The volumeers often find that If they are successful in drawing people out, they are breaking new ground in exploring feelings about issues thnt the people themselves may never have examined before. Responses vary from door lo door. Sometimes people fall into the standarJ modes of thinking. But in many cases. by examining their true feelings about maucrs they had never considered deeply before. people find themselves identifying or accepting entirely new uppro:iches to old problems. The second reason for getting organizers into neighborhood~ 1s the basic organizing principle, "start where people are at." Pa!it experience has shown that if organizers go into neighborhoods with the mtenl lo conven residents to preconceived ideas on issues. however log1c:tll)' devastanng these arguments might be, they meet with limited success. The Listening Projc:GIS are based on the wisdom that if activi~ts are willing to listen to the people, the people themselves will tell about how the larger issues directly affect their lives. Often people respond to the issues in a more immediate manner than acuvists' in1ellee1ual formulations. A Lis1ening Project in St. Mary's, Georgia found that local rc-~idents fell the presence of an atomic submarine base as an abridgement of their fishing rights. Another Project with the Shenandoah Peace Co:iJuion in Virginia found that people's pnmary C-Oncem was the lack or yoULh activities or programs, which related to problems with drug./alcohol abuse and vandalism. By responding to this concern. the Coalition is ov~oming the isol:ition that many peace groups feel from their communities as well as pointing out the social effects of excessive military spending. But tnere 1s aJw a third and more profound rctlSOn for going into 11 community and becoming involved with local people's concerns· deep lis1ening is a powerful tool 10 bre:ik down stereotypes - on both sides of 11 conversation - and to thereby overcome polarization. Herb states that, 'The fact 1s that a 101 of people out there in mainstream America don't join the pe:tcc movement because they don't trust us. They sec the peace movement in terms of stereotypes. A part of the listening process is to overcome that barrier by letting people's common humanity come through and finding a common understanding. Oftcn a real truth does arise, and we lind that people do care. They re-.iJly care; they ju~t don't know what rodo." But people in the cuhural mainstream arc not the only ones who arc limited by n:mow thinking. "Acrivbt~ in the peace mO\'emcm have a 101 or fears and sterco1ype:; of the \'cry people the>: arc trying to rench," says Herb. "At 1he same time a.~ they are talking about 'outreach,' movemcnt people distance themselves from the majority of the population by working in the safety of their own liule groups and using the media to convey their rn¢ssage. "I see listening as direct action, because through 1he Listening Projects we go right 10 1he people. they don'! like )'OU and what you are doing. that's all the more reason to go right to them. That's non-violence: go right IO the people who are against you and find out why. Find wh:u you can do to change the pol:uiz:llion thac's happening, instead of always keeping your disl:Illce from !hose people." rr In a Listening Project. organiz.ers :ire first trnined in a specittl session with a RSVP staff person in "111.:h they draw up a survey questionnaire. learn communication skills with which 10 approach {con1mued on peg~ 4) Su.mnu:r, 1989 Drawmg by Rob Mc.ssicl; >C.'1tiwf1 Journal p119e lS �peop e, and le.am Lhe crucfal djffercnce bet ween ordin:iry and ''deer u listening. "Normally," says Herb, "when another person 1s speaking, we .ire thinking of ways to put our own point across. Deep listenmg calls on us to let go of our own egos for awhile. We suspehd judgement. We try to become that other person so that we can really understand their fears and hopes. We listen, and we accept the fact thut they are different, that they have different ideas. and we concentrate our attention on their esscmial humanirv, that p:in of us that we all share." · This is called "seeing the light in the other person" in the Friends' way of speaking. II creates its own kind of magic. Opposition dissolves without opposition to foed on, and people at first hostile or indifferent often feel encouraged to open to deep feelings and emotion~. A relationship of l111St is begun that can cross the b:irriers of stereotype and polarization. Differences are "starting points" and come to be seen as interesting pcrspecuves on shared problems and common simations. "lnilinlly there 1s mistrust or some retuctance," says Herb. "but when the person realizes that the volunteer isn't there to conven them or to judge them, they begin to say what they acrunlly think. Wha1 often develops is a relationship of openness and trust, :ind the person speaking often opens to change in a way that they never have before. "They feel safe. They might talk about their fears. They might say, 'We need mon: nucle:ir weapons.' But instead of giving a reaction. the volunteer ju.st says, 'Why do you feel that'?' and really listens to them and draws them into talking about their deeper feelings. "Listeners often find themselves in the position of being facilitators for an internally motivated conversion, as the person they are talking with begins to think about questions like the nuclear arms race or the local bomb plant on an emotional level. In the course of one conversation real change can happen in people \.\ho would never have gone to a peace group meeting. it's a fascinating process." Groups contemplating undenaking a Listening Project art warned that they must be willing t0 make a long-term commitment to the community they are about to enter. Experience has taught the RSVP staff that a Listening Project evokes a mong and often unexpected response. People are "hungry to be listened to," as Herb says. and, although volunteers may start out expecting rejection, interviews more often than not end up with the resident saying, "Do you reaUy have 10 go? Can't you stay just a little longer?" Many people feel hopeless and powerless. They have a sense that they are being manipulated a.nd swept along by forces far beyond their ability to controL They often feel that wishing for change is only causing themselves needless pain. Having someone actually want to hear what they have to say is an empowering experience. h is an offer of hope. It makes them feel that perhaps it is wonhwhile to do away with the psychic numbing in which they taken refuge. But if visitors offer that hope during a visit and then never return again, lhe result is detrimental, and people could be left in a position worse than their original condition. A group muSt be prepared to offer avenues for action that fit the concerns and abilities of the people of lhe community. It may be ~legislative network thnt contacts elected reprcsenl!ltives on specific lSS~es. It migh~ be a church meeting or a fund-raising project. The ob;ect of entenng a community and taking the time to listen is to rea~h_people so they might find 1heir power and take leadership. This 1~ a long process and requires a corresponding degree of commument, but it offers its own rewards for activists willing to muster the patience to see it through. Drawing by C"'la YllOlll'll' f,f1llsaps. I /111 1rtu1~. Smi,Ley .\11.11V11a1n llltlt School Ollr) In thL lad.son COMnI) P~~ /llttwork's /(}/Jr! · ~·1swn of Pcau" conu.rt /J/I In our society, contr0ver:.ies arc customarily settled by deb:ue. One side is suppo~d to overcome the other with the weight of logic. The format is argument, and the focu:. is on differences how "we'~" right and "they're" wrong. In deep listening the interviewers focus tirst on the common ground. the opinions upon which they R$fee wnh the person with whom the)' are talking. In Lisfening Pro;cct training se_,sions it is said: "You may disngree with ninety percent of" hat a person h telling )OU . If so, focus on the :ucas of agreement first. Build a relationship of rrust: then you can look a1 the differences." . In deep listening. disagreements have a place, but tha1 p13ce 1s way do""n the scale from the primary position they custom:uily hold in political discourse, and lhey are never allowed to dim the vision of "the light within." What could be gender than the companionable acr of listening? Yet practittoners have found it to be a technique of grear power with far-reaching social effects. The source of that power lies in going beyond the ego and getting down to lh:u place where lhings change. . O~e experience invol~ed lhe Piedmont Peace Project (PPP). a. b1-r~c1al g_rou~ of lo~-rncome people, which undenook a L1stemng Project Ill the mill town of Kannapolis. Nonh Carolina to broaden community participation in their program. lmerviewers !'Cwmed with a.wealth of infonnauon about the concerns of people !n the communny and how to express these concerns as organizing issues. Members of the PPP, including a couple int.rocluc:cd to the group thr~ugh 1hc Listening Project, attended the 1988 convcnuon of the nauonal SANE/FREEZE organization. SANE/FREEZE was ~.ungry f~r commun~ty ~ontact and welcomed the PPP delegates. I he low·rnco~e. mrnonty people from Kannapolis brought the conce~s oftheirc~~unity bi.:fore the policy-making committee of the na11onal organ_1zauon and helped influence SANE/FREEZE to stre_ss the conn~cuon between military spending and human needs dunng the conung year. .. Bui _for this group the rewards were not all in the realm oi poh11cal mnuence. The PPP hai; found that deep listening empowers member:; of< 1hc g~oup as well a:; the people of the ~ommumty. ~e L1liten10g Pro;eet offered a ~cn~c of involvement m the ~~1unHy. that PPP member:; felt h:id been lacking. . .. It exc111?.g and P.<>wcrrut to ~ircc1ly experience ~eople's lives, says Herb. ~s a Lllitemng Project volunteer. you will meet people for the ~JI'St umc who will open their lives to you in a way some of your fryends never have. Tiu:se community people will calk ro you about things that will move you and touch you deeply." :s (C()lltinued on p:ige 24) Summer, 1989 �LIFE IR I TOIIC CITY wrirten and compiled b!J Juclith I la/le >Ck The city of Oak Ridge is located in eastern Tennessee. near 1he regional hub of Knox\'ille. Its two primary industries are nuclear technologies research and m(lnufacturing components for nuclear warheads, which are carried out on the government-owned Oak Ridge Reservation. Over 15,000 people work on the 37,000-acre site, which is man1gcd for the Depanmen1 of Energy (DOE) by Martin Manetta Energy Systems, lnc. The ciry's location in the heart of TV A's electrical power empire and its proximiry Lo 1-40, a major east-west expressway, make Oak Ridge well-suited for its role in the nationwide US nuclear weapon!> complex. An estimated 680,000 people live within a 50-mile radius of the nuclear producuon facilities at Oak Ridge. The Oak Ridge Reservation is located in an area of rolling hills in the Clinch River drainage system of !he Tennessee River basin. All the sireams in the reservation flow into the Clinch River, which joins the Tennessee 23 miles downsiream. Oak Ridge is an integral pan of the national nuclear weapons complex which is controlled by the Depatunent of Energy. The Oak Ridge Operations (ORO) office of the DOE oversees a uranium production empire that includes the Oak Ridge Reservation and oi.her nuclear facilities in the midwest. There ore three primary weapons production facilities at Oak Ridge: The Y-12 Nuclear Weapons Component Plant fashions the internal componems of H-bombs and plays a pan in the production of every major nuclear weapon in the US arsenal. The sprawling Oak Ridge N:uional Laboratory specializes in energy research, pnnicularly with nuclear technologies, and in the production of radioisotopes for commercial sule. The Oak Ridge Gaseous Diffusion Plunt hjs been on standby since 1985 because of a decreased demand for enriched uranium. The plnm currently serves as a waste dump for Y-12 and ORNL. Approximately half of Y-12's 7,000 employees do production work, processing, fabricating, and assembling uranuium and lithium compo111mrs for t/le nation's nuclear warheads. For example. Y-12 receives deuterium (heavy waJer) separatedfrom river warer at DOE's Savannah River plam in South Caroli11a, combines It with lithium and shapes the compound into tablets thllt are sent co warhead a.{sembly facilitit!$ near Amarillo. Texas. Y-12 also recycles e11riched uranium cnmponents from mothballed warheads that have been 10ken apart i11 Texas And it makes precision equipme111 and weapons-testing components for DOE weapons labs in California aJUJ New Me:dco. --Our Own \Vorsi EMmy • p. 111 Secrecy and Control From us inception nnd in large pan 10 the present, 0.1k Ridge, the firs1 atomic city, has been a "secret city.'' In the name of n111ional security, its deadly l~l!'4~f;~JA;J-'tll~~:!~ workings have been kept hushed. This is wha1 drives the "see nothing. hear nothing, say nothing" attitude that has allowed the present· day problems of nuclear we.ipons proliferation. cnvironm1:ntal destruction, and dcterior:iting public health 10 evolv.:. In early 1943 the residents of \\'hen l, a small turnu ng communny 1n enstcm Tenne~scc.. were ~mddenl\ 11prl)otcd, /Jarl)el! 1111.:.fc11ce and a serle.1 of scc1mry gates .mung up around Summc• , 1989 their land. and crude houSinl tlvown wgetlu:r for a di/ferettt ldnd of conununity. Thllusands of construction workers - their 11umber 1Nenmalty reached 47 .500 - heaved up enormous experimemal srructures in which tlwusan.ds of scie111i.Hs arul production workers would make maJerialsfor the first aJomic weapon.s." -·Old 01rn Wom Ent1rry. p.112 111e nev. community, Oak Ridge, was k.epl under strict government control. Its citi.rens, under the jurisdiclion of the Ma.nhauan Projec11 set into motion production of the nation'~ first atomic bomb. On August 6, 1945, the secrecy was broken when the "Linle Boy" bomb devastated Hiroshima nnd led to 1he end of World War ll. The enriched ur-.inium-235 that fueled that honible explosion was produced at Oak Ridge. 11uec days later, Nagasaki was dei;troyed by a plutonium-produced bomb, another kind of nuclear weapon that had been re.~carched at !he O.tk Ridge Lab. Nearly 200,000 city 1'C$idems died in the two blasts. These bombs changed the nature of war by changing the technology of weapons. Humankind now had the capability to destroy the world. "In 1948 the AEC'sfirst chairman, David Utienrhal, urged that the atomic (ndustr)' 'enlist a widening area of our economy,• by sending its roots deep and wide into the same soil that /uls nourished the auionwti11e and other industrial gianlS, the soil of competitive private ittdustry." -OurOwn Worst Enemy. p.116 T he commercialization of the ruom in Oak Ridge came when Union Carbide was installed as lhe sole contractor. At about the same time, 1he AEC cook steps that seemingly decreased governmental control or Ouk Ridge. In 1949, after seven years of total control, the city was opened 10 the public and passes were no longer needed to enter. In 1959, residents voled 10 incorporate and established their own municipal government. This communi1y autonomy was a farce, however. In reality, "the institutional changes made Oak Ridge a town run by two companies--Carbide and tire governme11t- eaclt bufferi11g the other from various forms of acco1111tabiliry and e.wctirig a deep measure of comrol " ·--Old Ow11 Wor.rt £ntmy. p.116 Worker safety and health at the Oak Ridge Reservation nlso fell prey to the policies of secrecy and control. 'T11ey wen: almost c-0mpletcly neglected in the interest of greater bomb production. lnjured and exposed workers were examined and treated exclusively by a special team of radiologists, who kept comple~ control over the employees· medicOLI record!i. Losing coun cases were prevemed. sometimes with hush money, and only winnable ones were brought to trial. The AEC both set nnd enforced the rudiation standards, and kept sccrct unpublicized medical research on the effects of radiation. In 1956, Carbide and the AEC raised the plant's allowable limit for radiation levels on clothing and h:inds to eight times the previously existing lmut. This wus part of an aggressive 111!.:e-back \:ampaign launched after the Oil. Ch1:micll and Atomic \Vorkers union local had advanced numerous n.:commcnd.111ons tor safety improvements. The fu:.t aucmpt 111 outside regulation of the cnvironrncnl tit Oak Ridge was m 1975 when the l!nv1ronmcnU11 Prorection Agency (EPA) first gr.mtcd :\ational Pollution D1sch:ugc Ehmin3tlon SysL pem11ts to Oak Rtdl:e cm facilni es The permits \\t:re (rommllell on ~gc 6) 00 l'hoco 'Kiltunr, J ournnt pu 5 �Burial Grounds: A Legacy of Hazard (continued rrom page 5) diluted by exemptions, however. For example, the pcnnils did 001 monitor mercury, PCBs, and other toxics, or waterborne radioactive wastes. Still. between 1975 and 1983, Union Carbide monitors reported 740 violations. The EPA "canied" DOE in spite of itS non-compliance, and in 1980 renewal pennits were drafted. Poisoned or Protected? After World War 11, there was a surge of activity 10 build H-bombs. From that time to this, the US and USSR have each produced arsenals of nuclear weapons numbering in the tens of thousands to "murually deter" each other. Now large areas of both the Soviet Union and the US are unlivable due to excessive radioactive contnmination. Cancer monalities are increasing. Money has been squandered, and local economies have become bomb-dependent. "National security" has lost its original meaning. And lhe bomb-1n1cks keep rolling. The H-bomb project involved the handling and disposal of huge q11anti1ies of toxic and radioactive materials. When lilh1um was detected in lhe annosphere after the test explosion of an early Soviet ;i , imic bomb, research centered around separating the lithium isotopes. The process finally adopted used massive amounts of mercury to make electrochemical cells. Oak Ridge's Y-12 Plant was the site chosen for this activity. In this second surge of activity :u Oak Ridge, most of the US markelS for mercury were bought out. Burial grounds at the Oak Ridge Reservation are shallow unlined t.renches in 1he eanh holding toxic and radioactive wastes. They contain everything from "low-level" radioactive waste (meutls, gloves, clothes, rags, e1c,) to chemicals in drums, solvents and depleted uranium. Incoming, off-site waste shipments have been buried with records of their contents inaccurately kept or lost. Most are covered with earth now, but during waste dumping, they were left open. Of1en the crenches filled with water during periods of heavy rainfall. The contents of some of the burial grounds are classified as Steret because of the kinds of radioactivity they contain, which places chem outside of state and federal jurisdiction. All the dumping are;is were originally sited for accessibility, and scam attention wos paid 10 I.he geological and hydrological characteristics of the area. Since the rainfall is 60 inches annually, there is a shallow water table and an extensive surface water system. Contamination, i.e. sirontium-90 and uranium, leaks into the water table in all directions, and is carried by water runoff into streams during times of henvy precipitation. '7he leakage from the burial grounds has contaminated not only nearby rocks and soils, comprising a large surface area, but has carried a tremendous amo11111 of radionuclides, thereby conian11naring stream beds a long distance from the si1e. Considering the length of 1he radioactive half-lives contained in the waste, it is doubtful 1/Jat the reserva1ion itself or its surrounding areas can ei·er be returned to a natural s1a1e." -Deadly Dc/t nse. p. 112 "/rt low doses. radiation causes lung, bone and other kinds of cancer, leukemia. premature aging, birth defects, sterili.Jy, blood composition challges and caiaracts ofthe eye. Because radiation ltas the highest impact on growing cells, yowzg children,fe111ses and embryos are the most readily affected. Radiation can also cause genetic mura1io11, the complete effect of which will 1101 be known for gener.a1fons. The likelihood of developing cancer. disease or generic effecis is related tO the OJ11ow11 received by 1he tndivid11,a/, lhe rart ofexposure and the rype of rudiarwn. " Oak Ridge Reservation Wltn Nearby Towns and Strums --Deadly 011/tnst. p. L25 Dams and SetUing Ponds: Last Line of Defense? N t 1 J • ' "' .... "/Ji the excitement, Y-12 misplaced a huge portion of mercury. A J9n Union Carbide audit. compiled largely from the memories ofoperaiing perso1111el, estimated char 2 .4 million pounds were losr between 1950 and 1972. Of 1hi.f anwunr,Jederal officials could not accou111 for I .9 million pounds (they speculated that much of ii lies w1dernea11t rite Y-12 buildings used for lilhiwn separation): 475,000 pounds wound up i11 one Oak Ridge creek; and 30,000 pounds were lost through airborne vapors." --Our Own Worst Enemy, pp.129 Mercury contamination has been just one environmental problem 1n Oak Ridge. After 46 years of "haste and waste" production schemes, the extent of environmental destruction has been shocking. "With a col/ec1ion of unlined pits, unfiltered stacks, lifeless streams and a willingness to use the Great Ouuioors as their filtration system, ORO's waste managers have wagered that dilution is the pollurum solwio11·-tluu a Jwrde of migrating wastes will grad11a1/y dissipote their toxic quali1ies as they meatUier around a11d ojf1he reservaJion." However, "Former Oak Ridge health physicis1 Karl Z. Morgan says tlwr ORNL 1estsfow1d radioactive con10mi11an1sfrom Oak Ridge Reservation 111 river sediment as far away as the Mississippi River." -·Ow Own Worst £Mmy, pp. J32, 136 Xau'.ulfi Journat pa9e 6 "The restrvaiion's three major facilities were built virtually top offour lfibutaries of the Clinch River in order 10 exploit 1hem as sewers. White Oalt. Creek carries ORNL's wasces, Poplar Creek receives ORGDP's and £as1 Fork Poplar Creek and Bear Cr1rek carry Y-12 's." --Ow Own Worst Enemy. p. 133 Ofl Two of the creeks, White Oak and East Fork Poplar Creeks, were dammed, according 10 the DOE, 10 create a "last line of defense to keep ORNL and Y-12 pollumnis from exiting the sites." These and other small dams "...have a rwo-fold function fim, the highly contaminated water in streams becomes di/wed in the large impowzdme11ts created by the dams; second, impounding the water allows time for radionuclid& UJ bind U) particles and seu/e otu, thus creating settling ponds. Both functions are supposed 10 serve to lower the total radia1ion co11111 in wasu! streams eman01i11g from 1he facilities In tliis way 1hefacili1ies try 10 use tire primitive and inexpensive method of dilulion to reduce the concemrations of radioactive co11tami111Jtio11 to 1/te level required by lax federal Standards. Those sra11durds do not limit the total 01n<1111Jt of polluwnt.f tlw1 could be disposed of each day. HSe\·eral problems have resu/!edfrom rhis practice ofdil111i11g waste. First, during heavy rainfall the system fails: the lakes behind 1he tlams can IW longer act as set1lin11 ponds. their waters rise a11d become turbulent, and largt amounts of radionuclides t1W\'e over rite dam and into the Clinch Rfrer. Second. rite beds of these se11ling ponds, over time, lrave become so filled with radioacti-.:e sedill'.en1 1ha1 1/ie process of binditig a1ui sc11li11g om ll'hicli is supposed to occur becomel less possible." --DeadlyD~feJUe. p. 107·108 SumttWT, l 989 �Air Releases For fear of their enemies, humans have unleashed powers have already caused great destruction and threaten co destroy all life unless they are curbed. Governments seem blind to the fa't lhat our greatest enemies are the weapons used to Lhrcaten our human "enemies." . Our paranoid fc:ar of o~er ~umans has doomed us to a path that, 1f we connnue to follow H, will lead to the certain desuucrion of all life - not in a grand holocaust, but as vicrim to a slow toxic wasting disease. ' t~at A study done by rhe Office of Environmental Audit of the DOE in 1986 found 1hat, at 1he Y-12 Plant alone, I.here were 233 b!-lildings with 350 s1acks thn1 rekased one or more pollu1ants to thi: au. Only a few had filtration controls. Eighty-six of the s1acks e!llined U-23.4, 235 or 238. "Normal operational releases'' of airborne uranium had come to 12,870 pounds during Lhe plant's history. Accidents and spills at the Y-12 plant have released unknown quantities of uranium. "EPA Sraiistics show tlUll the Oak. Ridgt Reservation and the Fernald Peed Marerials Producrio11 Ce111er lead all DOE facilities in rel~asiflg radioactive particles 10 the atmosphere Oak. Ridge area resulenrs are exposed ro airborne radio11uclides measuring 50 mremfyear 10 the lungs and 8 mremslyear to the bone--jive times gremer than a proposed EPA limit.'' -OivOwn 1Vors1E~emy,p.137-138 A new i.tlcinerator, slated to go on-line in the summer of 1_989, will increase the risk of air pollution. This incinerator, ltcensed by the EPA. will bum radioactively contaminated PCB's. Another incinerator in the Oak Ridge area has also been licensed to bum low-level radioactive waste. (sec KattJalt Joivnal, Issue 23) "Incineration releases radionuclides such as tritium, carbon-14, and iodine inro tlte air, and can also create the potent car~inoge11 dioxin.This radioactivity is carried by prevailing winds wl11ch blow northeast and southwest along 1he valley without crossing the ridges." -Deadly Defense.pp. 115.74 For 1he r.akc of evcry1hing I.hat lives we must resist this destructive impulse in ourselves and stop our slow slide into oblivion by stopping the production of all nuclear weapons now. References: Our 01t111 Worst Enemy. The lmp()CI of Military Production 011 the Up~r Sow/I • wriucn by Tom Schlesinger with John Gnventa and Jullet Merrifield and published in 1983 by The Highlllnder Research and Educnuon Center (RL 3, Box 370: New Market, TN 37820). D11adly Defense: Military Radioactive la!ld/llls - wnuen by Marvin Resnikoff. Lisa FiM.ldl, 11t al.• and published by I.he Radioncuve Waste Crunp:iign (625 Bro:idway, Scc:ond Floor: New York City, NY 10012) IF '\'1~ J)()N''I1 S'l'() 1>, '1111l~lll~ '\'II.1I.1 JJJ~ N<> ONJ~ 1 1~:.~r<ltllJ~\Jlhis 6 By BriJNJINs FirUtin., Grade Jt,S"'°""JMOW!lmn JllgliSdwol An En1ry 11t w 1989 "\/LnonofPeace" <:onJl!SI spcnwr~dby 1neJOl:UoltCowd1ptauNtrwort The Oak Ridge Environmental Peace Alliance (0REPA) and other co-sponsoring groups are orga.ni~ing the "NEVER AGAIN: March for Peace and the Environment" action on Hiroshima Day, August 6. 1989 in Oak Ridge, TN. You and other individuals and groups rrom the region and the nation arc invired to aucnd. This action is seen as a major event in this "Year of Resistance." People from diverse backgrounds and understandings will come together to create a large, compelling turnout, which will non-violently demonstrate that the issues surrounding peace and the environment can no longer be ignored. The focus of this action is lhc Y-12 Nuclear Weapons Pinnt managed by the United Stares Department of Energy in Oak Ridge. The goals of the march and weekend activities arc to make a statement for: · the cessation of production and deployment of nuclear weapons. - the environmental restoration or the weapons production facilities, and • the use of the talents and money now being wasted in weapons production to be used for goods and servic.~s which meet human needs. March for Peace and the Environment Hiroshima Day August 6, 1989, Oak Ridge, Tennessee Oalc RUJgt E11~/ronmental Ptau Alliantt P.0, Otn llOJ. Kno1CVill6. TN 37901 (615) S7l-2322 Si.unmu, 1989 During the days between Jliroshima Day 3nd Nagasaki Day, a Peace Caravan will proceed from Oak Ridge to the Sav:inn:ih River Bomb Plant near Aiken, SC. to Warner Robins, GA, ending up at the Kings Bay Submarine Base in Sl. Marys, GA on Augusi 9. Free camping 1s available Saturday and Sunday at the peace camp. It is a primitive camping situation and campers should come prepared. The camp is 30 minutes east of Knoxville JUSt minutes off Interstate 40. Please pre-register for maps and information. ./~ P' Schedule or Events Saturday, August 5: 12:()()..6:00 pm· Check-in at Peace Camp 5:00-7:00- Check-in and Potluck Snacks, Laurel Theater, Knox.ville 7:()().8:00 • Premiere of the ftlm 811.iltling Bombs. Laurel Theater 8:()().12:00 - Social, music, Laurel Theater 8:30-9:30- Ecumenical cnndlelight vigil at Y-12, Oak Ridge 10:00-12:00- ''Dan~ Against Destruction• Sunday, August 6 12:00-3:00 pm · Regisuarion, Alvin K. Bissell Parle Oak Rid;;e I:00-4:00 - Non-violence trrumn~ 4:00-5:00 - Aflinity groups meeung 3:00-6:00 - Music, speakers, "Uranium: Tm.ii of Tears" 6:00-6:30 - "NEVER AOAIN: M:irch for Peace and the Environment• 10 the Y·I 2 gates 6:30-7:00 - Rally nnd non-violent civil diso~dience 7:00·8:00 - Jail vigil 8:00-9:00 · Community 5h:iring Monday, August 7 Morning - Peace Caravan depans Oak Ridge �''Do by Patrick Clark The Oak Ridge EnvironmenUl.l and Peace Alliance (OREPA) began in June, 1988 for the purpose of organizing a rally at the Y-12 Nuclear Weapons Components Plant in Oak Ridge, Tennessee. This very successful non-violent demonstration on Hiroshima Day, August 6, 1988 saw 170 people march on the plant to oppose the processes of nuclear weapons-making. Five people were arrested in 1he first cases of civil disobedience 10 occur in Oak Ridge, a major clement of the national weapons production complex. Since the 1988 Hiroshima Day event OREPA has continued to be active as well as producuve in its research. uncovering and presenting before the public spotlight the realities of the Y-12 operations and the nuclear industry t1t Oak Ridge. OREPA participated in emerging "Green" world vision looks at issues not as isofaled and separnte, but as co-dependent nnd interrel:i.1ed. The Bomb, a deadly monster in itself. produces a trail of devastation from the mines where the raw uranium is taken from the ground, along the route by which it is shipped to the plant, 10 where its by-products are buried or released into the environmcnL This process, supposedly vital to national security, involves mine tailings, highway spills. accidental releases, and radioactive waste. Is it in 1he imeres1 of "na1ioual securily" for our governmem to poison the environment and hllrnl the local people? Bomb production is causing this environmental destruction constantly, whether the final products are detonated or noi. Oak Ridge is a cenier of highly concenttated nuclear activity. It is "a disgrace to Katuah" and "a blight on the countryside," says Smith. ''What they do at Y-12 is repugnant. The bombs are produced to kill men, women, and children. The whole operation is laced with secrecy, illegitimacy, and intimidation. Employees are threatened with loss of their jobs if they discuss what they do. There is noihing resembling a free exchange of ideas. This runs counter to the values our country was founded on and how humans should treat each other. Thepublicdoesn'thave access to what's going on there. The DOE produces a noxious brew of chemicals that is released into the surrounding airand water. Hidden in their ~ fog of secrecy, they use 'national ~ security' as justification for all this." engages in periodic31 tracking of nuclear weapons shipmen is) in the ~ foll of 1988 and has testified at scoping hearings at Oak Ridge. The group was the guest of lhe US Dep:mment of Energy on a tour of the various Oak Ridge facilities. ft hns also developed a slideshow uboul the situation at Oak Ridge and actions taken to correct itThe presentation has been shown to over 50 church, school, and environmental ln the arena of nuclear warfare, human rights, groups. peace, and environmental issues go hand in The group has also joined the Miliwy hand. Production Network. This is a coalition of national and local groups concerned with nuclear OREPA was founded on direct acuon. weapons production facilities thro1.1ghout the "Direct action is people raking responsibility for country. Delegates from the member groups protection of their offspring and the planet. meet periodically 10 generate strategies for Direct action is not letting those in power decide developing public opposition to the production wbat is best for us. This involves sincerity, of miliu'lry weapon.~ dedication, t\lld, at times, risk. Direct action is a Because of its involvement with the very powerful personnl sutement of one's nuclear weapons industry at Oak Ridge, OREPA values." has become a fairly credible counterweight to the Smllh says that bis experience in 1he government operations there. The group has Y-12 demonstration was a moving and become known as a voice: for alternative views empowering one. It made him realize thnt one of Oak Ridge. person can make a difference. "There 1:> no reason to feel helpless and like you're not being hurd. Direct action shows you this." Whal is lhe conne~tion that prompted Oak Ridge is 45 years of environmental OREPA to adopt both environmental and peace debL Heavy me1als, PCB's, and toxic organic issues in LO its title? According to Steve Smith, a chcmlcnls have constantly been release-0 into the founding member of the group. the peace and surrounding creeks. and rndioactivity is environmental is:;ues are inseparably linked. The ~tUafi 1ounml Ptl941 8 dispersed into the air. Deadly wastes which even the government has no1 tabulated have been buried around the city. P-01luted radioactive groundwater is carried in10 the creeks during periods of heavy rainfall . "Many questions remain,'' says Smith. "What is the migration of the deep-well injections. for instance? We're not getting answers. There are obviously lots of serious problems there." OREPA's immediate goal is to curb weapons production ac Oak Ridge. Uhima1ely the group is seeking a complete halt to the production of nuclear weapons and a timely clean-up of the military mess. This requites exposing the rationale behind nuclear armament to the general public. "Let's stan a debate on what's fueling the arms race," says Smith. "What are the economic realities hidden behind the facade of national security? The money tied up in the rums race is phenomenal. Part of OREPA's goal involves funding other work for the people employed there. Suggestions include research in solar and other renewable energy alternatives. as well as clean-up of the exisung damage. They are not presently fulfilling any useful function, anyway. "The Sovieis are ""illing 10 negotiau:: the people in Europe don't want nuclear weapons. The US cannot continue to Justify its arms production within this current world situation." The next eight months are important ones for world peace. Vital decisions arc being made in Washington which will set the nuclear policy agenda for the next 50 years. The government can go 1wo ways according to OREPA: it can continue 10 build more nuclear weapons for the fu1ure, or it C3II clean up what it hns done so far. Whal will decide !his is people getting involved. How can people get involved? There nre three main ways: I) by becoming informed and informing others; 2) by taking pan in the political process. Write letters. attend public forums, call your representatives, demand 1hat our opinions be hew-d and our money shifted away from nuclear weapons bujld-up; and 3) be in Oak Ridge on August 5 and 6 for the 1989 Hiroshima Day March for Peace and the En\'ironment. Dr""'"'I "1 F.dJiL l/aJJ, 9111 ~rodL Jtlltk111 a18ht& Ri~ lllgh School, Gl#nvil~. ftltXtlt Caro/111(J, an ollry '"rite 1989 • Visfo>i tJf P~~· COflldl •poN<Jritd by w lad.son COIU'oly P~ocr ,,. # , NdWtlTt ~ Summo.;r, 1989 �PLANTING A TREE OF PEACE by David Wheeler In the spring of 1987, a group of parents and peace people in White County, Georgia went to the Superintendent of Schools to ask thnt some pan of the school curriculum to be devoted to peace education. They wanted to balance the unrestricted military recruitment activities that were being carried out on the high school campus. l11e superintendent sent lhe idea on to a committee, declaring that he was a veteran of the Kore::in War and ''a patriotic American." Needless to say, the idea was stifled in 1he bureaucratic framework. Months latl!r the parents returned with another proposal. This time they sugges1ed involvmg the students in a llaudenosaunee (Iroquois} Indian ceremony called "Planting lhe Tree of Peace." At the original Tree of Peace ceremony, the Six Nations {lroquo1s) Confedcrocy was formed; and pans of the US Constitution were actually modeled on 1hat confederacy. The proposed latter-day ceremony was planned to coincide with the observances of the bicentennial of the signing of the US Constitution... ~ well as remind studencs of the Indian heritage of this land. Within this historical context, the second suggestion was accepted, and the group contacted Jake Swamp, peace chief of the Iroquois Nacion, who has brought this ceremony to many places around che world. He Q£l'CCd tO conduc1 the event. Weeks or publicity and preparation preceded the ceremony. School children wrote invitations to 1heir local and national elected representatives asking them to auend. A local journalist helped the children write a press :innouncement to be released to community newspapers. When Jake Sw:1mp ;UTived. he fir:;t spoke to the eigh1h grade children at their school. He opened his Ullk by giving 1hanks 10 the spirits 01 all things 1kn live and the Grc;it Sp1ri1 over all, and told the children that 11 was imponani tel open C\ery gathering by recognizing the: spirits of the '' orld. He nlso spoke to high school soci:il studies cla~ses and gave a presentation at an assembly in the elementary school. At 1he assembly fifth grnde children presented him with gifis they had made.. When he ~poke to second-graders in their classroom. some of !he children were frightened of h.im at first, but Swamp calmed their fo:irs by telling them of lhe tradition of the peace chief among his people. He said he never fought, as that would bctr:iy his trust to his tribe. but r.uhcr worked to promote peace amoni; his people and in the world. The next day, Swamp wen1 wuh his ho~ts to the S:lutee-Nacoochee Presby1 erian Church and spoke to the younger children. His message in the children's sermon was that we should remember to give thanks for all things. and lhnt every gathering should open with a prayer of thanks. Summer, t 96C} prophecies that the day will come when the wild strawberries will rcrnm no more, and all that will remain for the people will be the leaves of the plant. It will be lhat way for everythmg. Swamp said. The day will come when most or lhe living beings of creation will be gone 10 a beuer place where none or this pollution and destruction is happening. Yet, even 1hen, we must sull give thanks for what remains to us. Afcer Swamp's presentation, lhe group ai Sautce placed a white pine tree donated by a local landscaper into :i large hole, nnd the children present covered the roots with dirt. Then four children. representing the four directions and the four races or the world, tied four ribbons· red. black, white. and yello\\ - to 1he tree to mingle together in the wind. Other children came forward and also deconued the tree with ribbons. Traditional lndian dancers from the Cherokee Indian Reservation, led by Richard Crowe, then performed craditional Cherokee social dances. A group of women from the local community presented Jake Swamp wnh ll beaded bell lhnt they had m.nde depicting the White Tree of Pence surrounded by a.II the peoples of the world. The ceremony was completed with a gigantic pot-luck feas1. Tree or Pence Socic1y That afternoon the Tree of Peace Ceremony was held at the Sautec·Nacoochee Community Center. Over 100 people attended the gathering. Elected official~ who Wt.'TC present were recognized and given a chance to speak. Girl Scouts paraded around the site carrying the fings of many nations. symbolic of international uniry. When Jake Swamp ~poke, he cold the story of The Peacenu1ker, who first brouglu peace. to the constlltltly warring tribes of the St. Lm~rcncc Rivcr-ca'1em Grc:u Lakes :irc.i nnd drew them together to form the lroqu<us Confederacy. In the \\'hite Tree of Peace ccrcmony, lcgc:nd s:iys that the Pcncc:makcr tore a t?reat white pine tree from the ground. Ile then bid Adodarhoh, originally the licrcest of the tribal W;lf chiefs, to be the fin;1 of the warriors to thro\\ his weapon!' into the hole which opened into an underground river and carried them away. The tree was replaced in the holt:, and The Peacemaker declared lh:u, "The Y.hi1e roots of this tree will go out in nil 1hc dirc!Ctions, and lhe children of filJ 1.hosc present will be able to gather together under the shade of this Tree of Pcl::icc for all time to come." fake Swamp again emphasized the imponance of giving thanks :ind :.aid that no matter hov. bad things might seem 10 be, it is imponant 10 give lh:mks for what we have. Ile gave as an example the wild strawberry plant, which is very sacred to th1: lribcs of the Huudenosaunce. It 1s said among the Haudenosaunce that thing~ migh1 indeed be bad now, buc !hey know th;u someday things will be worse. because it is given in the tribal The Tree of Peace is thriving in Soulhc:m Appalachian soil The white pine pl3nted in Sautee was surrounded with wildflowers, set around its base the following year. Oo New Year's Day, 1989. bulbs were planted around lhe rrce, which bloomed later in the spnng. The tree is kept mulched and tended by the children and aduhs of lhc community. It il> ;i focus of e:1ch year's New Year celebrauons and the annUjl community fo~1ivals which :in: held at the cen1er. Because it wns positi\'c nod nonconfronianonal in ns nature, 1hc Tree ol Peace.: ceremony softened 1he members of 1he school bo!l!d They cnme to ~c-e that to 1he loc:il group, "pence·• meant brillgb.g pc•ople :oge1/1a rnther than splimng the rommunny apart. l11crcfon:. in 191)9, community members w.:rc allowed to perform ti peace pl.1y at the sd1ool. T/ie Peace C/11/d tdls the story ot nn American girl and a Ru~siun boy who become tricnds and evcnrn:illy bnng 1hc:1r countric<>' leaders 10ge1ticr to discuss di~armament (sec: p. 15). The piny was also presen1cd in a pubhc p¢rfonn:ince. which was :mended by the whole school board, 1he county commissioners, and other eh:cted officials. The play was supponed in pan by local businesses. It was filmed for TV by the CNN Networl.;, and the t0\\11 enjoyed the "idesprcad nucntion it received. 11lc :.pirit of peace has brought changes 10 a small, rur.1.l 1own in Kaniah. (prepared v.11/i tlic 11.:tp ofJ(}{JJmt Steele) Rc:.aun:c; r/:( Grwl law of Pc.:JU and TN! Co11.1111ui1on 0/1/11: UrnudS1aus of./tr111:nca. Tr~ ol Pc!ICCSocicty, c/o Jake Swump. Box 188·C Cook Ro.1!1: Mohawk Nauon: YUi Hogamburt. NY 13655 �. Community Building and Peace: The Vital Connection A look oJ The Fou11datio11for Commu11ily E11courageme111 by Richard Lowenthal Most people, ii questioned, would say that they deeply desire peace and a sense of community in their lives. Yet, despite this longing, most people usually have very little idea of how to creartt pe3Ce and community, and thus end up fceHng stymied and hopeless about it - which le~ incvitabl y to resignation and apathy (two of the of1-dei;eribed hallmarks of the 80's). We need only to look at the course oflhe "peace movement" over the pasr two dCQndes, 10 sec this discouragement and disempowcrmcnt at work. Ccnainly, the peace mov.:ment has had an important impact on many lives and on our social consciousness, but in some crucial respects the movement has been remarkably ineffective. ls our -planet really nny more peaceful now thnn it wns ten or twenty or thiny years ago? ls meani11gful disarmament (as opposed to the token disnnn:uneot now being righteously touted by the superpowers) any closer to becoming a reality? Despite all the efforts of varied peace groups and peace-minded citizens, we are all still churning out more and more nucle:ir weapons. every day of every year - and movement toward la..~ting peace and improved intemationru relations has in most respects been negligible. Why is this? Why has lhe peace movement had such difficulty gaining headway and achieving tangible results? And why do many people srill dismiss the goal of peace as an impractical, visionnry dream? For that matter, why is the peace movement often exactly that· unrealistic and impractical? As we prepare to enter the last decade of the second millenium, it is vital thnt we understand these questions and seek to nnswer them - for the answers we seek may well be crucial to our survival. Ooc oflhe most positive and provocative approaches to these questions is that taken by The Foundation for Community Encouragement (FCE) in Knoxville TN, a non-profit organiiation based largely on the seminal work of Dr. M. Sc0tt Peck and his most recent book Tiie Different Drum: Comn11111iry Making and Peace. The book's introduction begins with a deceptively simple yet astonishing statemcni: "In and through community lies the salvation of the world." It is astonishing • and not at all simple - because the dist.resSing truth is that "most of us have never had an experience of true community." Thus saying that community will be our salvation is like crying "to describe the taste of artichokes to someone who has never eaten one." Until we can truly experience ond savor the taste. texture, and feeling of community, there is simply no way to comprehend Dr. ~1.-ck's opening stntemem. Then four paragraphs into th~ inu-oducuon to ·. . .· . this amnz.ing book. Dr. Peck very mildly expresses his views about peacemaking - in the procC£S answering the questions expressed earlier in this article. His words are wonh quoting 1n full: "... initially. r thought this book should be entitled 'Peace-Making and Community.' But that would put the can before the horse, for I fail to see how we Americans will be able to communicate effectively with the Russians (or any people of other culrures) when generally we don't even know how to communicate with the neighbors next door. much less our neighbor.; on the other side of the tracks. True communication. like the charity it requires, begins :1t home. Perhaps peacemaking should start small. I am not suggesting... that we should abandon global peacemaking cffortS. I am dubious, however. as to how far we can move toward global corrununity • which is the o111y way to achieve intemntional peace- until we learn the basic principles of community in our own individual lives and personal spheres of influence." The book goes oo to explore the essence of community, and the process of community-building through sharing, vulnerability, communication, and real relationship. Dr. Peck is careful 10 explain the difference between "pseudo-community" and the experience of true community, and an understanding of this differece is crucial to understanding FCE's mission and philosophy. While community is characterized by openness, inclusivity, risk-taking, and genuine appreciation of the differences of personalities and opinions, "pseud~community" is based on rigid expectations and beliefs, exclusivity, maintaining an appearance of community, and the squelching of confrontation and differences. As FCE puts it, ''Through the power of genuine community, we seek to offer opportunities for people to bridge differences and reconcile conflicts with authenticity and integrity.'' In practical tcnns. FCE's focus extends into several different areas - all, of course, related to the an (or science?) of community-building. Its primary focus is to share the experience of community through powerful weekend programs called Community Building Workshops. The effectiveness of these workshops is made evident by the fact that in 1988 over 50 were conducted throughout the United States, just three years after the first workshop was offered • which happened to be the 011Jy one presented in 19&5! In 1986. twelve were conducted. and in 1987 lhere were thirty. These weekend workshops are exll'Cmely cxpericmial in narure, as well as participatory - there is very Httle intellectunl material presemed, and no lecturing at nil. This does not mean. however, that intellectual awnrcne:;s is discounted ·quite the contrary! In fact, one of the strengths of the workshops is that awareness nnd community grows ouc of evc:ryone's total experience within the group scning, and not out of some framework or organiwrion imposed on the group (a.~idc from some basic ground rules for the weekend). Since there is very little to grab on LO in order to pigeon-hole or intellectualize what's happening, and the group leaders are not teaching. or lecturing, or giving directions (with a few exceptions), (c:ontinuol cm Ne Z.:J Drnwing by Rob Messick Su.mnu:r, 191t9 �Peacemakers for the Katuah Bioregional Province (a partial listing) American Friends Service Committee Asheville Aikikai Pc<JCe Program 92 Piedmont Ave. NE AtlllllUI, GA 30303 (404) 458-0460 939 Riverside Drive Woodfin. NC 28804 (704) 258-1330 Dan P:ilmcr, lnwuctor Amnesty Internntioruil The pltilos()phy of rukido 1s much different from that of rnt>il f/llJl'tial ans; rather than mttting an Oltachr head-on, studl:nts of aikido lrrarn first how 10 get ow of the way. Then we are 1augl11 l10w to capture an Ollachr's energy and redirect /J, so thr amounJ of tnugy pw fnto the a111Jck. is returned 10 the aiiacku. In a1kldo practice an attQ(.ktr is immobl/iud Ira such a way lhnl, t'Vtn if ht dou11'1 know how to fall, he is brouglll 10 the ground "'ithDUI bting hurL Tht idea is lo immobilize him. The purpose of aikido is 10 ruolv~ a violent conflict without harm 10 one's st.If ar to an auacktr. Practitioners of aikido do 1101 considtr an attacking person as an t11emy. An attacker is simply pr&rcflting us with on opporruniry 111 practice Instead of ignoring an attadc. we learn ID embrace iJ and use 11 as an opportunityfor personal spiritual ~w:lop~111. Tht! most Important thing a/Jou.I nikido i.f Ml self-defense. but self-control It is necessary IO learn to control one's own tnergy o.!ld one's own balance before one can control SOPU!ane. rlsc'J tnergy and balance. Once on4 lia.r mastend st/f-conlral. con1101/ing someone else is no1 so dlflicult. The physi.cal practice of nikido techniqUl!s enhances Jht: developmMt of the spirit. Bodily txptrltndng tlu! principles of nikido 111 training, one gets a btJlt!r feel/or 1he ~truual D$pt:CIS of ti~ practice than a reading of tlte p/tilosophy could give. Then agam. one canMtjust practice, <1ne OIJO has 101hinJ.. l1 worlcs both ways. · Da11 Palmer Soul.hem Region 730 Peaclurce (#982) Atlllll1.3, GA 30308 ConUICt Judi Hom Appalachian Peace Educalion Center 114 Coun Sll:'CCl ~~\.ACJf1. Abingdon, Virginia 24210 (703) 628-4366 ~~ . ~4- ..., /. 1g: ~ (') q: '." ~0Nc~,~~ The Appalachian Ptact Education Cl!llttr is a coalition of~Q(;e groups in the southwestern Vlrginin area as wall as a membership orgallizatio11. Tht! coa/i1io11 i11clu1Us Jhe Sou1liwes1 Peace 1'111e /11 \Vise a11d Lu counties. Pellplefor a Just Pt(l(;e in IVytltcvillt:, S1wkms fur Pt(l(;t and Environrrwt1al Concerns 01 Emory and lltnry College, and the Ctn1raJ America Group. Beyond War/Peace Tree RI. 3, Boit 30-E Clntksvillc, GA 30523 ConW:t: JllllCl Schaller The Center for Peace .Re. 11. Boit 369 Scvicrvillo, TN 37862 Central America Resource Group Box 7411 Asheville, NC 28802 Coalition for Justice in Central America Box299 Blacksburg, VA 24063 (703) 951-7953 ConlllCC N:111cy Qcnlhncr, Nik Jones Cumberland Center for Justice and Peace Scwancc, TN 37375 (615) 598-5748 ConUICc John M. Gcssell Ecumenical Project for Int ernational Cooperation 734 w Locus1 Sc. Johnson Ci1y. TN 37C)()J Ecumenical Peacem:ikers Bo~66 Swllllllllll03, NC 28778 Fellowship or Rt'cundli:iliun f'. 0 Bm 2-71 Nyad, NY IO'JC.O A Ieng t1~ peo.I' or ani:u11< n 11 fuel QJ11(Jn11 0tlv acu,1t1u has pr1Jll'ded sll(lport ond drc:ft CG.w IIille ID pc.ople conmkring (MS cr.llor::roly t1on. s .. nunar. 1989 Foundation for Communily EncouragemenL 7616 Gleason Rd. Knoxville, TN 37919 (see article page IOJ J ackson County Peace Network P.O. Box 1872 Sylva. NC 28779 (704) 293-9230 Conmtt Cynlh13. Gnlltngcr A VISION OF PEACE Tht Jackson Coumy Pear:c Nt1work fJCPNJ brings M.ar.e issues into tht Iota/ .1hcools through the Vi.tiofl of Peace Con111s1, a y~arfy e»cnt 1ha1 awards caslr prius for the moJt ~anmp/ul siattmenu on pcllet 1/it1~ by high ~chool 111iJcnu worJUnK in tire. wrmen or visual arts. Tht contest is hi!ld wrth the pu11UJs1on of the Board of Edurm1on ulUJ l 'mc-11 of Ptut"c projtCf.f art uqu1rM rla.u><-ork In some '" ' t:laJJ<'S. Thi! a>nlt.JJ tr a gerttle. rwn-a>n;ront•ulon:il wav 111 tnCO«T<l,Ef. mulaiJS to respQ/1d 10 t/w prewng ls1 .. c oj1hc nut;lcm tlvcut, ,,.hJch t.t a Jiron£ uifl:.u:1m! 011 J"Wll ptoplt"s 1lunJ.mg.ye1 u a sub;cct tluu lS f11r..:elJ taboo 111 tire /;nots or 1n an dulfo ut i.1/hadults In 1987 JC!'N i. f one of11> IDcol orgw: • tans w #"ft e.vt: 1he NC Go.cr11 1 " " rd for Ouuumding \ufunr.. Ser.rec Theuwardwusli-tllte1cd1abtdur1n large nwzsive II) ti.I! su us of w 1 uion of />ca t: Cc.r.11'..si • l'ar Mor.• t 11111! Cynllua G ,/11111;tr Hand$ In Outreach BoxOne Pen!Md, North Carolina. 28765 Hands In Outreach is a Yancey Counry-ba..rcd educational sponsorship progr(llll for "third world" child.rtn Now in iu sixth ~ar, it is "'"ently responsible for the tducatian of 68 indfrldJUJJ cllildren undtr sponsorship and has ht!lped 10 form a rural wo11~n.s· kniJ1i11g ctn/tr which today has frained !Mre than 50 formally illittra/e girls. \Villi a membership of only 140 sponsoi-s. this .rmall and very pusolllll ouirtach has substantially con1ribu1ed not only 10 r,ons1ruc11ng rwo uw schools, bw a/$0 rwo complete school llbraries. Hands In Outreach is l:ome-bostd and is directed by author Don Willcox andfiber artist Louise Todd Cope. The Highlander Cenler ~ RL 3, Box 370 New Markel. TN 37820 {615) 933-3443 Con1ac1: John Gavcnw. R~ Din:clllr Sinu 1932 Tht lllghlandcr Ct!ntcr has s.en'ell us an tducatialllJl umcrfor 1h11 30uiheas1 on issues such as civil rig/Its, labor ISS~S. tllt tnvironllft!ll/, 'll'Ol"Ur saftty and hlalth The Ctnter i.1 noi.•l:o$ling the STP Schools 10 encourage grassroots s1ra1egits 10 counter 1ndu.strial pollution ond programs 10 help communil)' ITU!m~rs understand tht local and global pokier srrw:tures that infl~ue their lives. EMange progranr.r art. being carried on with groups i11 Indio. NicaragUJJ, Sowh Afrit:a, an.d other countries around tht! globe. ·John Gavtnta Ellie Kincade, M.A. (Conffic1 Management) 21 Hillcnd31c Rd. Asheville, NC 2880S (704)1Sl-6St5 "We have so often liMed htroiJm wi1h warfare, bottling, conq~st, and victl)ry. t/taJ a difftrurt notion of huoism, OM that allows us 111 su nurturing and sustaillin1 as ltvoic activiries, is difficult 10 develop. Yet 1his rs whal must ht! doM Wt nud ta vol~ actions Ira "1hu:h one i~nll/its with, raihtr than opposq, another bt!1ng or way ofbl!111g The idea of bottling or fiahlU.g is only one of 1ht: ways of dealing with /tar. Ci!r/llct, alld difftrtncc. Of1en that which we rtjtct and oppose is tht w:ry ~rson or position 1l:a1 w.- 11ted lo 111c/ude in our tn:brau. Acctptance 1s tl:t:' art of making the obstacle tht! pa1h: thtrefore tmbrace tJ~ tncMy. Thi~ 1s lht ltrson of thi! rivu guldt, Fact the dangtr, mow toward 11 ThaJ's where t/r.t: currtn1 u tl:t stro11ges1, and 111<·i// CJJrry ,vou around tht obstaclr. Uu II. Ir: 31k1do, a Jup1mcu numt.il urr , tht tea. hu turn from your auacJ.trs. Move rrght in ~r.u 10 rlielfl, See tliz "'vrfdfro"' their po1111 of M.'Ou/d sm;, '"Blend Ntlltt ltkntih w1tli 11'.e U.l"IJ and llrqnu:lrlJll;for~d. Oppcfl(IUS arcl1i:d), ti"nt :tar; u-.crgy A Upl W lift Tr.at'~ are Mil p:issne. 1ilkcr. fr m ai1:1do./r m l.t11 11 m 11'.e 11wr 1kty Ja~:nd i:n alcnnts.s an on abuuy 1 uspond tlllJ1 u co1 :plrtt Our fir I 11ul Is lo ht Ill' 1 lr:adu OU( (fi.n lives the /st' t r;j ""' "'" sto·icJ Ir. /ac.t w au )' art "'" hi:> on! 10 dJsaJ~tT wla.J: tfJPl tr.;'®1 Women m 11"' W1I~ b CJ.w; Ga!l:md {[rem EJ1k Kinca:dtJ Xotunh Jo .. uw[ pmii: t1 �Peacemakers Peacemakers Peacemakers Peace Room 'V Madison County The World Grune lnstituie Uruvcrsity City Science Cemcr 3508 Market SlrCct Phihdclphia. PA 19104 (215) 387-0220 The Peace Room is structured sa tlllll row dmo and "inretligcnce reports" from all ovu the p/Olltt CD!l bl! collected. proccssl!d and applkd by its rl!starch staff 10 dl!\list crtoti~ stratl!giesfor solving basic human riud problems. The rcstarch is 1htn madt a1'Uilablt 10 world leatkrs and tht general public through rl!SCOfch rqx>rts and cxpu1tntiJJ/ World Game Workslwps. 90 Mill Ctt.ek Rd. M:trshall, NC 28753 (704) 656-2280 Contact: Drew Langsncr Mnrtin Luther King, Jr. Center for Non-violent Social Change 449 Auburn Ave. Atlanta, GA 30312 Plowshare Peace Center Box 1623 Roanoke, VA '24008 (703) 985·0&08 ConlllCl: Pul Prat;ilJ Plowsharl! Peace Center is on education and rts0u.rct cemu on issu.ts relating to social ju.slice, peace, and non·violtnce. Plowshare wa.r ts1ablished by pcoplt of various rtligiDu.s D!ld philosophical persptctivts who sh,art a commi1rmi111 10 nonvioltncc as a way of life. This commitmtnl flows jrom the spiritual Olld ptrU>rral conviction tho/ active lovt is rht only power by which evil is overcome O!ld tlu! only suflicic111 /xJs1s for human society. Blacksburg Adopts a Sister Mountain Light Nelwork RL 1Bo~229 Dillard, GA 30537 (404) 746-2454 COllUICl: M:srinn McCracken "The Mountain Light Netw0rk. is an intuuional/y unsuucwrtd asstmbfagt ofgroups D!ld indi>'iduals i111l:e IYNC and North Gtorgia ana who havt a dup ct>mmitmenJ to 1ndivuiuaJ and global peace ·· New Providence Peace Committee 70'3 W. BroodWQy Maryville, TN 37&01 Contacc Jean Myers North Carolina Educalion Peacemakers Center for Peace 214 Piusboro SL. Chapel HiU, NC 27514 (919} 929-9821 Offering work.shops and courses on education in w 1111Clear age ond confliCJ resaluiion. Northeast Georgia Peace Council Rt. I. Box 319 Baldwin, OA 30511 (404) 778-0579 Com11cc Patsy Gailey sec "Wt short a commitment to a peaceful world We we IJ.lliud in aclcnowltdgmg that Peop~ Evtrywhut Arc Crta1al Equal (PEACE)." Peace Links: Women Against Nuclear War ~~ !:e~~. Blacksburg, Virginia hos become the 78th US corntnJJ!lity to join the US.Nicaragua sistu city program. Tiit link became official on April 11, 1989 l<'licn 1ht Bladcsbu.rg J'own Council decided (in o 4~3 ''Ole) to odop1 San Jose de Bocuy, Nicau.ragu.a as 1rs s1Jttr Cit) Tlit srsru city program btrween the US and Nicaragu.a is an offshoot of Sisur Cities ln1ernatlonal, a program initiated b)' Prts1de111 Eist!llhower ur 1956 to es1ablish greater fricndJlup (Jlld u.ndcrst011durg 1Ntwtt11 the people of the US and other nationJ thl'ough ptrsonal conUJcl ... Mcmbl!Ts of the Si.tttr City Co1t1111111u (SCCJ told the Council 1ha1 they hove vizcd to avoid politici:ing rht issue. But, givim tht current mood of the country, thi.t 1s very difficult to accompltsh. According 10 Rev IVoody Lta1:h. Virginia Tech Pre.sb)'ttriOll minister, fom1er Council member, aJUJ chair of the SCC. "IVhat is intended 1s for one human contlTlu.nity, Blacksburg. 10 a11emp1 10 build bridges offri.:ndJhip and u.nderstonding with D!lOther humon cammu.ni1y, San Jose tk Bocay. It is the hope of 1he Co1M1f1tu thDl the Town Council will be able 10 htlp the town transcend po/11ical differtnccs through this project. It is one way 1ha1 we CDfl say 10 tht children of the town and to 01hu UJwns; We believe thal hurrta11 beings CIUI work 0111 differtnccs when thtir go11crT11M111S COllllOI .• '" Al leas/ two mambers have already visited San Jose tk 8ocoy, and childrtn from Margaret Becks Elementary School in Blacksburg are currently engaged 1n a ptn pal pro;cct with srudt!llJS in Bocay The Commillte haptS these exchanges wll/ ltod ro regular tducational and cultural exchanges bttwun the 1wo conurnuuties~. • by Mariann Caine (tu.trpttdfrom the New River Free Press) ~f~·'~ I• Wf •I NC 28802 (704)684-mo .~ Contacc Jennie Eblen Peace Links is a non·projit, non-partisan orgoniumon commllltd 10 increasing awartncss of and Cl)nctrn aboUJ the issues of world peace and IN 1hrt!a1 of llJIClt!llrwor. Irr Asheville, Peace Links hos1t!d three Soviet In 1985. promottd o "Kids S~alc Thtir Pt!DCt" program in 1he public Schools. and sponsored "Rock 'n Rtgister, • a musical concl!r/ for voltr rl!gistrotion Far "Peace Day 1989." tht group will sponsor 1he childrtn's play "PtfJU Child.· (sup. 15) • )CMit £b{e11 wa~n visitors Peace Links • 3509 Kcstetwood Rd.. Knoxville, TN 37918 - Box 566, Mountain Home. TN 37684 • 235 Hamburg Rd., Bake~ville, NC 28730 • 734 W. Locust St., Johnson Ci1y. TN 37604 Credo of /lie Peaceful Traveler Gr01cfu.1 for the opportu.nily ro travel and to uptritllct the "l>'Orld and be~ ptau begins w11h the indlvr'dual, I a/flmt my personal rtspollSlbiliry and conunitmtlll IO: • journey wilh Oil opui mind and gelllk heart .at:ctpt wilh grace and gr01ilud41he diversity I Coniacc Judy Sheclccl, Hetb W3ltcts Rural Southern Voice for Peace (RSVP) was fou.ndi:d 111 198/ in response 10 a m:ed on /ht part of people w/lo /tit o call 10 worlc for peace and 1us1ict and against raci.rm. bu.J were i.toloted in snwll. and often coflSl!rvarive, rural comm11.1U11u scattartd 1hrougl11Jul IN sowheast. The group ~gan in a cold ba.s11111tnl room with a $4f)/) donation and o oorrowtd zypewmu. It has grown 1n10 a well·known and respected regional peace orga11ila1ion with thru paid staff people, filling an important niJ:h4 in the spct1rum of social change work. in the South and providing hope and insp/raJion to volu.nttcr aciivisrs Md local citizens. RSVP provides o monthly newsleucr 1ha1 amplifies tlit of1err small, and ~t significant, activities that local people are organizing in their own commu.nitics and connects these events within 1/tt context of change that is beginning at the grassroots in the rural Sowlt. In 1984 RSVP began lls Rural Ntrworking a.nd Training Program in which RSVP staff people visittd small 1owns and solllhern cilic;r providing training O/ld suppon for organi:crs. As a result of this program, 12 new group$ have bttn formed and 20 l!Jds1ing groups h11Vt bun rtvitaliud and Strtnl{thtncd. This wori. eumplifits 1ht commi1me111 ro commu.n11y organizing and citizui empowerment tht.u has cl1aracttriud RSVP tinl:e its inception. A recent brtak1hrouglt in neighborhood COmmJJnications is the Ustcning Project idea, which is bwtg dtvl!foped in procriu by I ltrb Walters ofthe RSVP staff. (Sec report on page J) RSVP offers training and conStd101ion for groups who wan/ to initiate Luttning Projects in their area. Peace Advocacy Network 8945 Sh:illowford Drive Knoxville, TN 37923 t/ICOll.ll/Cf • revere and protect the flQ/uroJ tnvironnt(n/ which sustains al/ life • opprcclOl.e all cultures I discover - respect and tllallk nry hosufor their welcome • offer my hand ln/rlendslrip (() tvtryon.e I meet - support rrovtl services 1h.o1 short these views aJUJ act upon 1ht1r1. by my spirit, words and actions • encourage 01htrs to travel tht world ln pttl«. • from The First Global Confcrcnoc on Tourism: A Vi1al Force for Peace (October 27, 1988) x.atl.iah Journat page 12 ~ura.f Sou//, cm Uice fo,. Pea.ct 1901 Hannnh Bmnch Rd. Burnsville, NC 28714 (704) 675-5933 Peace and J ustice Committee 3219 Kingston Pike Knoxville, TN 37919 Peace TreeJCovenant Box82 Snu1ec, GA 30571 Peacemaking Committee Nacoochee PresbylCrian Church Box 87 Sa111ee, GA 30571 S'4mm4lr, 1989 �, Peacemakers ~t:'3s Peacemakers in the Nuclear A . , g e Warren Wilson College Swannanoa, NC 28778 (704) 298-3325 Coniact: Doug Banleu · options in the Nuclear Age l!XistJ 10 ma/cc wt:ll·informed uniw!rsity faculty members available OJ spcakers (free of charge) for well·establisht!d conununlty groups on topics pertaining to national security • the arms race, 11urorism.1111ervenJion, t/te economy. etc. 1'he aim of Options is ({) hrlp p~ople learn the issues and develop .rophistica11'on in analysis of the complu questions uwolved. It is our belief 1ho1 people ore ~st ab/t to ll!orn and arrive at their own conclusion afttr hto.ring a range of opinions on policy choi<:es. The Options program does not take an advocacy role. The program strives 10 provide the comprehLnsrvenns. openMss. and integrity on which any substantive cducatio!IJJ/ exanunation of the iss11ts depends." Pax Christi - Virginia Tech Peacemakers Soviet-American Video Exchange for Children Vagabond Globetrotling: State of lite Ari (S.A. V.E. fotCh.ildtcn) Boll 1838 Cullowbee. NC 28723 (704) 293-9534 Conmcc Howw-d lUll by Mru'Cus Endicou. A book on conscious iouring, tMlilnblc from lhc publisher. S.A.V E wrll coordinate the exchange of student-produced vidto tapes hl'twecn Russian and American schools at tl:t! ;unror high fevel Tilt' principal objective is. of course. 10 foster awareness • awcvencss that Strips awoy tire fear of the unblown. A11 added bonus wjff be the St/f·owarene.ss that comu from ezpfaining one's own situation w others The undulying intMt of tht pro;rer goes beyond fX!OCl!. Peace is o gfrcnfor surviwd's sa/ce, but there ts a more subtle and/ar·rtat:li111g aware11<1ss that may also be engendered: the consc10u.rntss ofs/:ared space, ofshored r(J:.fponsibility for the globof tnvironment, When friendship replaces r1ustrust, 11 is much easier to see that tire health of the planet a/fem us all. • /foward /fi/f Transylvsnians for Peace Box 451 Brevard. NC28712 (704) 884-1633 Con1$t Connie Nash Coniacc Cale O'Hare 20/20 Vision "Encmyof1/1e Week'' "My command!Mnt 10 you is this· love your enemies. Pray for those who persecme )'OU.• Paz Christi has a custom of praying for an "Enemy of the Wetk" at l!acl1 meeting. The custom arises from our desire 10 follow Christ's command to love tvuyoM, evt'n those who oppose us or hate us. A prayer lealkr chooses a person. gtoup. or organization that is in some sense an entnry. The praytr leader explains in what sense that person. or group ls an entmy. and then leads a Sincere prayer for tht wt/I-being of that entmy. • RL I, Box 1037, Sau.tee, GA 30571 (404) 878-3459 Conuicc Joan King • 20/20 NC I I th Congressional Dis1I1c;t P.O. Box 5855, Ashevrllc, NC 28813 The 20f20 Project is a national, grassroots lobbying organ11ation 1ha1 works thro14JJr Ct>ngrtssional districts. Any cilutn can becor1ll! pclitica/fy involved at trucial points i1t rk political syntm by paying S20 per year and taking only 20 minutes per month to wrrre a letter to a Congression11/ reprtst!nralive about a cho~n pofitical issue. Through the 20/ZO Projea people's effortS can be maximiud. and they can become poliucalfy involved with very li11/e t!J!ort · Krtty BoniSkl! 71 Woodbury Rd. Asheville, NC28804 Contact: John Sicvens Enchiridion lntcmation:il Box2589 Cullowhce, NC 28T.l3 Vietnam Vets for Peace 840 Marion Ave. SE Atlanw. GA 30312 War Resisters' League • Southenst ©l W Chapel IUll SL Durham, NC 27701 Wnr Tax Counseling .t15 Kmharine lane Wood:llOCk, GA 30188 (40-l) 928-8"..52 Conl:ICc Robert R:mdall Women's International League ror Pence and Freedom • 28 Queen Rd.; Cruidlcr, NC 287 I5 203 01cy SL Blaclc.sburg, VA (703) 95 I-0032 Peacemaking Task Force of I be Asheville Presbytery Peacemakers Conlllct: Mllry K!ly uutd • RL 5, Box 694; Franklin. NC 28734 ·Rt. I. Box 486; MotglllltOn, GA 30560 Conwc Barbara Newell Earth Quilts/ Regional Project Norma Bradley 296 Monlford Avenue Asheville, NC 28801 (704) 25J· 079 I "Designed from the elements of the Earth and crt.ated within the Earth"."Combinlng the traditional an of quiltmakmg with lqvt of the mountain environment, Norma Brod/ey, arusrlsculptor, assists school groups and others in crealing their own CtJmmw11ty 11ar11t S(u/ptJVt using nntivt materials. Physicians for Social Responsibility • 5 Alpine W:iy, Swnnnnnoa, NC 28778 - Box I 15, Moun.run Home, TN 37684 SANE - Box 11274, Asheville. NC 28804 • 108 N. Blue Ridge Rd .. Black MounlaUI, NC 28711 - 108 Morchc.'ld SL, Morganton. NC 28655 Southern Dharma Retrea t Center RL I, Box 34-H Hot Springs, NC 28743 In Sanskrit, the c/aJsical language of l11dia. dh31'ma is the word for wisdom. /or mtnd tSstnte or 11atural low, It is bl!lit•ed 1/mt greed. hatred, and ignoranc:e (or our 1nab1/ity to su ourst/1-rs a.~ we really are) art states of11Und that hinder the growth of wisdom and undtrstanding, rJnd art the fundamt11tal caures of hultlilfl sulfcrlnlJ It is also believtd thar through 1h.practret of llU!diwtio11, a focu.rtd a11en11011 , tltest states may be dmoNtd und replaced with more politr~'I staks, such as con".passton and /cJndness. Tiit goal ojthe Southern Dlwnr.a Retu Ctn/tr .<11 is 10 pro•ide a ,·01nfortub/t 11<11hmng pluct, rtmo•ed from tht t\·cryd/JJ dwractions of lift, and to crtatt' <Vt atmospliue of quut r(flect1on where one can nurture a stnse of~Iler and wu:o1-er till' 1tmhs w11Jiin 11'.e heart. x.ntuurl Jo ... rnat pa9c 13 1i~ JeconJ anncw/ Peactfest, ~ponsurcd b) PO;( Christi · \'irgiflla 1'ech 011 Su.n.;fuy April 16, 1989, il!lr.ia,,d hwulrtds OJ srwknt.t and /o<al r~.1idr111110 a brr.rfit conurt cdtbraJrnf /J('a <'. • photn by MariJnn Ca111<'. COW1C$)' of the .Vt" Rrvtr fru Press �'.PEACE CWLLD 0 ne of the most familiar peace quotes IS Gandhi's "If we wish to create a lasting peace.~. we w1U have t0 begin with the children." This autumn, the children of the Asheville, NC community will share !heir own vi~ions for aunining world peace in the mus1caJ fanwy.Peact Cliild. The Ptacr Clrild play taltes place m the ycur 2025, when the world is already at peace. I! uses the device of a s1ory1cllcr to cxpl:un how children helped bring peace 10 the world. The script and music ha"e incredible power as the children unfold their wisdom on life, wur, and peace. This play which has been produced iniemmion.11ly since 1981 and is unique in that the author invites t.ach producer 10 rewrite the ~ript to lit the community. the ume, and especially the cast of children of their particular selling. The members of the cast arc involved m dlscu.~sions on peacemaking throughout all rehearsals and ate given the chance to have their own ideas put into the script. The priority is 10 involve community children in the Peace C/rild process, so that •the central experience or Peace Cliild comes when the children performing 11 feel that they themselves are the pc3CC children of the story." The Peace Child Foundation administers all the Ptact Child activities. They supply communities with a Study Gujdc and necessary production support as well as coordinate national and intern:11ional tours. Peace Child was the first production to use the •space Bridge" program, a satelliic link between the US and USSR. Jn 1985 Peace Child toured the world with a special Soviet-American Ptact Child tour in 1986. For mo.re information,conuicc Peace Child Foundation 39n Chain Bridge Road Fairfax, Virginia 22030 (704) 3854494 The Peace Links' producL is scheduled for ion September 30, October 1 (Pence Links' "Pence Dny. 1989") as well as performances for schools. If anyone is interested in volunteering, in buying advertising in the production's program, or in general information, please call Jennie Eblen at (704) 684·5530. Ethnic Survival The Frie11dsllip Quill ~rh.: frimdship qwlt is n tradition in this COU/llry that camt witll 1/u: peopl~ wlio Stllll!d l11ut/rom 01hu plaC Wt wonted 1 find d luimef or our friendship qui.ft t!S. 0 in the Sovw Uman in a place somewhat 11/te our own lrome It 1/V.lkl!s Tnl! glad 10 1hinfc af 1/rL long journey that our quilt offriendship has had and thaJ 11 hasfound you The quilt has marry/11n11y and sad and 1111eru1ing stories. The pa11trn aroUlld 1J:e edges is a traditional oM ca/ltd 'Flying Gttse'. 1'hey artflying around /ht world ro brillg us 1oge1htr 111 growing UJ;l}erstanding so that we con becomt/ri11nds/rom our distant places In this way we can bring peace to our lands, our children, ourfriends, and ourselvt:s... In tht corntrs ofIlle bordl!rs where tht gttst ort flying art tht phases of the moo11. May sht help us to renwmber 1 change wil/mgly and gracefully, to become 0 wll/ll is ntctssary to bring our /ropes and visiollSfor ptoCt to lift.We /rope 1his quilt of/ritmdship has brought f rom us to you the living thoughts and patltml /ropes with which it was made. Thalllc you/or receiv111g it and giving it a lromt 1n your llvt:s. ·from The Book of Quiltmnkers H Thmy women and mui wlro are members and friends o/ tht Ctlo Commu11i1y in 1he South Tot River Valley crtartd 1ht quilt. ft now li\•es in a school in Klrosta by the Black Sta. For mort lnforma1ion. con1ac1 Kori Loy Wildrclcindt; Box 340. Rt. 5: Bur/IS\lille. NC 28714. Ribbon Around the Earth crc:ue, on pieces or fabric, images or personal meaning In 1985, thous:inds of people gathered in Wash1ng1on, D.C. to lie a RIBBON AROUND THE PENTAGON on the 40th anniversary of the bombings of Hiroshima tllld Nagasaki. The Ribbon was compost<! of 27,000 pJCCC:> of fabric on which people from every iiate and many nauons had placed symbols of "what 1hey could not think of to be lost forevct" in 1he event of a nuclear Wllt. S1te1Ching 15 milcs-3/ound the Pentagon. on to the Whiie House and around the Capitol, the Ribbon bcc:unc a gentfo remmdet th:u the earth and all 11.s peoples are vulnerable in this nuclear age. Since lhc 1985 event. the Ribbon panels have become pan of local events and have traveled worldwi~ 10 be in major displays. "Making ribbons" has Dc:en adapted as a peacemaking acuviLy in such places ;u Sri Lanka, Israel. and South Africa to addresS conOict.s m lhcsc regions. Today there is a new mission--10 tie a Ribbon Around The .Earth in 1992. Conunuing in our cffon.' of ~lf.Cll{lrc~sion , we "ill expand our original vision to representing our concern not ju~t for nuclcar war but other pressing global issues mcluding hunger, poveny, human righlS, and the environment. lmagme an abuncL1nce of colorful ribbons in simultaneous displays around the world m nauons' cap1Ulls. across borders, 1n political hotspots, and m ~crt.d pl;ice~ You can begin your own scgmenl showing what you cannot think of as lost forever. A p;inel of sturdy cloth, of any color, finished size l8"x36". including a 2· top:.11tchcd bordct. Embro1Jery, appliquc. bauL., quilting. knitung, needlepoin t. weaving. paanung. c1c. ~y be u'itd. Finished scgmcn~ should h:ivc 9" ues or bias wpc sewn mto each comer so they may be ucd together C3$ily. On the bad; a piece of "pcllon" mterfoc1ng coultl be used to write in pen, matkCI"S, or Lyping 11bou1 you and your Ribbon SC&Jllent JCcituah Jou1 nu( p«IJC 14 Ribbon Around the £:.anh iti 1992 8SS tv'. ltjfrrso11 St. M lingron. VA 22205 Elnh bas approxim:uely 5000 ethnolinguistic groups...and only 159 UN members. M oM of these nations' boundaries were cn:ated nnd are m:tlnt:i.ined at gunpoint Mo~t of the world's wars are civil ww-s being waged by ethnic groups fighting for their cultures' sur.ivitl against hostile nation states. The prOQ:sS of colonization has left Africa. Asia and pans of Latin America in nearly arbiir.uy political pieces. War is bOLh the cause and I.he result of this siluation. How can we revolve our Planet into a place tha1 honors and fosters diversity? Educating ourselves about the problem is a good pince to sl:lrt. We need 10 put pressure on our eleci<!d representatives to end our military nid to nations which use these weapons to abuse their ethnic minorities who rightfully desire their independence. We can bring our vision of One Planet peacefully shared by many peoples into a world m:1de more and more receptive to such ideas by the realization of the magnitude of our common problems and the absolute necessity of our cooperation for survival. We are in need of a second wave of decolonization. The first wave saw the breakup only of the European global empires. The second wave will see the breakup of the smaller empires which they left behind. There will be no real peace here until we see our planet as a whole and end our wasteful and violent defense of artificial boundruies. The Eanh's healing Chris1s is the ecological disaster we are fast waking up to. We will have to cooperate to survive. We are one pl:l.Det. and this simple fact is n million times more imponant than any demarcations we have theorized and armjed into being. The age of nations is ending and a new age beginning. What good is a Kalishnnkov against I.he pollution of the Oceans, what good are jet fighters against the greenhouse effect. We will cooperate or we will cease to operateentin:lyl It is stone cold obvious thm the way out of this mess is by learning 10 look at this world as a unity instead of as meaningless political frogmenLS and in pooling our resowces and intelligence instead of using them to confound each other. We will survive by becoming more reasonable, and become more reasonable ns we survive. The Earth is becoming one community. We are building a true planetary culture. This does not mean an end to our ethnic differences, rather we are building a community of communities, n culture of cultures in which we will provide each other wilh a safe pince to prosper. The EmplTCS have had a vested in1erest in etimimuing differences but the emerging Earth community will have an interest in protecting cultuml diversity as a valuable asset. ,, -Will Ashe Baso11 Suggcstbi Res<iurcc: Cultural Sur~iviJJ Ml.ig:11jnc. 11 D1vin11y Avenue Cambridge. Ma:. ~huscts 02138 �In 1984 rhe glasnosr ("openness") policy was as yet unheard of in the Sovic1 Union. But during that year people from !he small mountain town of Black Moun1ain on lhe Swannanoa River in Buncombe County, Nonh Carolina sent a lecter to another small town, the Sculemenr of Krasnaya Polyana in the Caucasus Moun tams of Black Mountain residems made the first Russia, suggesting the two townships open exchange visit to Russia. They were wannly relationships wilh each other to promote peace received and returned with gifts and good and goodwill between their two nations. wishes for the people of lllack Mountain from Miriam Willey of Black Mountain said, the people of Krasnaya Polyana. Two more "We stancd the Pairing Project because we saw Black Mountain residenLS journeyed to the that the nuclear arms race depended on our fear Soviet Union in June of 1987. They returned of the Sovie1 Union, which was inflamed in the with a large :,;Iver samovar and four originul e:irly Reagan years to support the military pain1ings as gifts for the town. build-up in 1his country. We thought 1hat the Then in December of 1987, while Reagan only way 10 end 1he anns race was 10 get to the and Gorbachev were holding meeungs in rooi of that fear, so we began to develop direct Washington, DC, Chairman Kulii and Elena coninct with the Russian people. And it has Filonova, a school-teacher, visired Black proved successful." Mountain for five days. The meetings were The letter from Black Moun1ain to warm and cordial nod the people of Black Krasnaya Polyana was one of 1,000 sem from Mountain had no doubts th:u Chamnan Kuli1 American cities to countcrpnn cities in the Soviet was most sincere in his "wi,;hes that the Union under the auspices of the Ground Zero American and Sovier people would collaboro1e organization. Black Mountain wac; fortunate in in friendship." being one of 65 towns which received a reply "His deep dedication 10 peace mruches our from the Soviet Union. The response was an own, and we see this relationship continuing to enthusiastic leuerfrom Valentin Kulii, Chauman flower in furure yeurs," in the word.~ of Miriam of the Executive Commiuee of the Soviet of Willey. Krnsn:iya Polyana, which is comparable 10 the During the visit Chairman Kulii was position of mayor. The relationship between the presented wilh a mou111ain dulcimer and a peace two towns was officially initiated in November quilt as gifts for the people of his town. Plt1ns of 1985 through a letter 10 Chaimmn Kulii that was signed by tJ1e Mayor, the Board of Aldemien, and 100 residents I of Black Mountain. "When Reagan :md Gorbachev were holding their fin.1 summit meeting in Geneva in 1985, we fell that we were recapitul:uing :tt the grassroots wha1 was happening there at the national level," said Miriwn Willey. More than 50 Black Mountain residents began the work of exchange by preparing a packet contajni_ng photographs and a 22-pagc descnpuon of their town, leuer.; from high school slUdents, and a copy of the local newspaper to send 10 their Russian sister city. Throughout 1985-86 the Black Mountain group held educational lectures on the life and culture of the Soviet Union, sponsored a film festival of Soviet films. and celebrated the 1,000th anniversary of the Russi.an l'ltcto, top: Am~ricuflJ (left It> flghl) l'otly Cod.v, D1t111t! and Claudell(! Orthodox Church with a community Iii/I :.hare u ml!JJJ witli R11.u1(1fl/nr.r.d.r 1n Kra.1na)'a fo/yana worship service. In 1986 a group of 16 Above W/llu Wt:olh(tford, prts1dtnt of thl' Blad:. /lfoun1a111 l'umng l'rojcct, (/ef/J muu Chairman \'altlllm Klllii of Kru.~naya 1'11/yana. were also made to co-sponsor a sisrer cities friendship calendar, featuring photographs of Black Mountain and Karasnay:i Polyana and notations of both Soviet and American holidays. A 1989 Sister Town Calendar was produced, and I, 150 copies were sold in this country. The $3, 150 raised will be used to sponsor future exchange delegations. A 1990 calendar is planned, to be produced by the people of Kmsnayu Polyana in the USSR. ln September of 1988 n delegauon of visitors from Black \fountain visited Kmsnaya Polyana for 1hree days. This was the first time foreigners had been allowed 10 siay overnight in the town, as there arc no lntourist hotels there. Instead they shan:d facilities used for vacationing military people and found thcm.o;elvcs around a night bonfire with members of I.he Soviet Defense Department and their families. There are plans for more el(ch:ingc delegations between Black Mouniain and Krusnayil Poly:ina. Yuri Filonov, a te.1cher of Englhh and German. will teach at Warren Wilson College in rhe neighboring town of Swannanoa this summ..:r. More lcctun:s and educational progr.ims have been held 111 the Black Mountain Libr:iry. High SC'hool and middle school :.tudc;n~ in Black Mountain are now <."Om:sponding "'ith their counterparu in Krasnay:i Polyana, building relationships that will extend into I.he nel(t generation. Ag:tin, Mmam Willc:y spe.1h for the J>t!Oplt: of Black Mounlllin: ~we feel we have overcome the enemy image. We no"' have a totally different conception of the Russian pe~1ple 1h:1n we did before we Marted the project. We didn't reali7.e "'c'd have so much fun, and we couldn't h3ve received a bener reception from I.hem "The Pairing Project 1s our statement th:11 we Jive in :in inu:rdependcnt world, :ind \\C can't have enemies in a nuclear age. There's 100 much at si.:1kc. "lt's slow, bur n's very exciting, because it's working." ~ Da>1dWIW'tla Summer, 1989 �• • ''lalua." "H1nm?" "Do you know why I brought ;yo1t lzere?" "Mm-ll!Ylm. Same reason as alwa. s: you have some big, bad y 1iews to 1ell me." "Yeah ... Well, db )'OU know what it is, then?" "I think so. You've been drq/1ed. haven't you?" "... How'd you know?" "Easy. Logic. We J1ave11't liad a fight, a11d you've not met any girls •.J dbri't tlti11k-·so it couldn'1 have been w say that you want to break up. Your family never figlus, so it couldn't be domestic problems. And you just got your job, so I didn't really t/1ink you could have lost it already Anyway, you're nineteen, and there's a war. \Vluu else could there be?" "I see. All riglr1. Madan/I! Fortune-Teller, so whm had I planned to say next, if you're so smart?" "Mmmm .. I don't know. What?" "Just this. Laura: I'm going. I'm really going. Arid, l.Altra ... I want you to know. . it's/or you that I'm going. J'd hare myself ifI didn't go, if I backed out, if I leJ (/()w11 my f<Jmily and my courury--..as I very easily could, you know. J'm scared of dying. Bur because ofyou, I ca11't risk hating myself. God! I.Aura, I'm going to war!'' • * sining ml)bile in rhe quiet night hush, rich leaves rustling ow beyo11d our embrace to caJch the wind-1his is love a liglu glows from 1/ie parlor. so/1 frosted glass with the vague shadow ofa pail11ed rose mu1ed 011 tlie lilce curtain no one sees kiss me quickly this is love the lwing chains have ceased squeaking. a faraway distant train swells ils terrible /Ul111U)ny--tlie sadness of le(IVing brings us yet closer w each other, an excuse, like 1he non-existent chill ofperfiuned sow/tern June 11igh1 to draw a tender breaJh as one··· a11d we'll do a.u:tthingfor each oilier? • f shl)u/d have see11 tlte missiles. the bombs. the um:rdesola1e co11/1tSion when i looked into those eyes ofyours. bw i only saw the stars. • • • (Jrruneas11rable) --Do you care? (Doi) --Can you see? (Wiry (/() I brood) ·-Anytlli11g wonhwlule? (About the world's injZLrtices) Child Why Q1'eslion Healthy Respect Fot: Metaphysics, Papa Bui Do You Love Me? Son Were/ In A BcUll)•sphere Wi1/i Bebe • Circu.Jaring In The Vomit Of Armageddon Yes /Do • * i was watching my feet, wa1clii11g the light pass over them an su11day: the leaves like cookie-cutters split a11d nfracted the light illlo animal images on the sidewalk aJid on my shoes. the day was calm, perfectly. to fall u1 love. i /liNer imended i should have seen tlie ripples in tire s1uuigli1- bur 110 alas (a lass!) i, afool, glancing up from 1n)•feet, tripped over yow sJw(/()w into the glorious pools of your eyes, wo swift to hear your liglu "helloH or t'Ven to liear my ow11 splash. i came gasping to the surf as soon as ace l could--dripping, rivuletS coursing dbwn my back-bw yow smile sunned me automatically dry. • • • • •• •.• yes. but are you cluvalroLtS? Do you not recognize your duty to your Lord God and ro llis ~oyal Jligh11£Ss your appointed Mas1err "Yes, yes. yes; pleose stop it, Chloe, I want to sleep. dear" A pause. "Gaah--wai11, do yo11 /01·e mt!? I don 'r think su. realfr. Gawain, tllere ts a war ou1side our "indow. A war. Ga\\YJin, t/,.) yo111Uldcrsta11d what I say? Ga11ai11. Please, Gawain, go fight Jn U! You're fW1 gelling too old, are you. dl:ar heanr "Chloe. Chloe. Chloe, Cltloe, do I lia~e to suffer to make you huppy? Jlave you no faith 111 me? Ridiculous woman-gojeed your peacocks!" • --How much? Wlsen 1 look irr your eyes, i seem)' own reflection. • • • * • • oops. the shell ofthe earth, it's a li11le cracked, spi1mi11g, flingi11g hurtling, off-bala11ce-.,get the/at kid off our ml!fT)"go ·ro1u1d A1id ill Chicago, at 2:00, the s1111 setS i11 six mimttes and ti~ buildillgs break aftto reveal a sub1trb neighborhood benvixt gre1mspring hills Time lriccough.s -my black-eyed susan, you are. my sun, my soul. m.y self-·· (tire plw1ie rings.) 111/ien i look into your eyes (the phone rings.) when i look--". . a singing telegram/mm a mr. martin 1111/ier kiflg,jr. will .\'Oil acceprtlte cluuges?" wiry- "we shall 01/er come, we shaDover come, we shall over come .•• ~ four niliety-five p/1~ tax. i love you. susan! romeo and juliet lli!Ver intended JhiI.. i had a dream once, too, in teclmicolor. The transient w1frerst• swells and re1·olves. Stars wing by, rlie Rock of 118tS and splrere 11msic •.• hear ii."~ sliall! overcome. • • • UNICEF is selling cl:ancc:s r/us Christmas 011 o clwi,i:: one peace or a milliM pieas. A wlwppcr ofan honor. Bl4t ir's lb(> bad. Thi") 're Mt making any mu11ey offit .• aml the W1t1e11burghers a1 I! making a mint peddlfng pardnns, �• • * they are fighting for love. * well, my first dJlly is as citize11 of the universe. but what I wanr to k11ow is, why i'm me and not you ... have i got a special mission or something? it's weird to think that i'm alt there is. what if i'm11tst imagi11iflg the whole thi11g? rw. i dbn't really believe lhaI.. bm, you know, i could think: "i'm the whole u11iverse.'' and chen, i'd be a citizen of myself. • • it's because he's a truck driver. momma. you know that. the only tiling i11 che world that could part /Um from that eighteen-wheeled swee'/iean of his is Iris draft card. if uncle sam yells for him. he's there, one mad rush to the from line where he .na11ds,for all the world like a devoted sclwolkid saying 1/ie pledge: perjealy composed/ace, heels together, hand to forehead in salute. i ca11 just see Jtim. but if i_calt him. 111>w, if it's ll.llt that's yelf/11g for him to come save one of his own babies from drowning in t/11! plastic swimming pool, he says, "you get him out casey, i'm working 011 the tra11smission." the transmission! my God! momma, iin tl()t really bitter oranythi11g; i'm 1w1 lotally jealous of1ha1 gas-guzzling baby ofhis; ; jus1 /01·e him, tnQnuna ••• • • • • They really love me. They 0011'1 wa11t me to die. U11cle Sam j11S1 don't carry no weight with me. I c011'11uulersrand why tltis di.s1an1 relatio11, unknow11 kin, who I never seen before, should all a s1"1de1t turn up, just when he needs me, and ask me to up and die for him. When I got family andfrle11ds who loves me more1n him, who cares about bein' gold-placed in God-thick glory? Thb Uncle Sam ofmine is askin' 100 nwch. Besides, I love my cou.mry. She don't need any more murder on her record than she's already got. • • • ~mommv!" "ah,j11si a minwe. gail.--wlzat jimmy?" "mommy • ·)-est' "mommy, wlw ls Godr "God is love, jimmy. don't pull on monuny's skirt-·! mommy's on the telepho11e: let's not talk to mommy now, okay, jinuny? we ca11 talk about this later.-excuse me gait go ahead." "mommy, where is God?" "i11 htave11,ji1runy. now go play ouwde 011 your big wheel for a while." "mommy; how come God does11't come to the world a11d give people hugs sometimes, mommy?" "oh, gall! your kidding me. no! i k11ow you can't just suy that in a resraura11t.---i don't k11ow,1inu11y. jimmy! look at mommy wizen she's talking ro you now, i asked )'OU to go nwside, didn't i, young man?" • • • God is Love, love is God, God is love •. . • • • the h11ge11ess of the earth smothers them they are caug/11 ben11ee11 the growul and the infini1e ozone-bl~ b1a their love is deep and great mul hean-crescenooing. they are fighting and loving blindly, passionately (ca11 you see it?) look imo their love-shot eyes. just look • * • wlllll js tlie worrh of this love? they dje like • • • mes • • romeo and ju/fez never imended JhiI, i should have k11ow11 when i went to ba11le for you, dear, i should ltave k11own, • • * standing 11p in too-shon sluule eyes sweatiflg salt--the sky U>O blazing clean w cry • Yet oo they k1ww how whar when where why they go? screaming, Jitavillg blood to rouge the barre11 dust, • • so. shall i die for you, the11? shall i die for you? and kill a thousand because i love and serve one? one God, one Belief, one Way, one Cou111ry, one Mother, 011e Child, one Man. one Woman, One anw11g miflio11s? given time. i could team ro love them all. • • • i should have known, swinuning up from 1Jwse pools that how easily I could h/1\le drowned there. had you are your eyes, asked me 10 pick up a sword. a dagger, a bayonet, a machine guri, a bomb a11d prove my love co you·-· well. i should liave k11own, as you knew. didn't you, a/Id wisely showed me that somebody's blood could prove nobody's devotion and thlll w lo\·e t)fll! is to love all. is11't that what you mea111? looking into your eyes. i see tlU! reflection of the universe, don't i? oon't i? * • • one more time/or the time, J;e steps inside the frame, Md out again. and looks back ar d~ impressio11 he has left-· see tire image ofa yowig soldier , young sol· , young my mother lived i11 hiroslrirM. • • )'Oil· • • rlu.• men, the lleros. the womcm. die cowards, thtt cowbays, tiil' soldiers, a11d the priesL\, the rabbis, a11d the martyrs, the be11ei;oh111 dictarors, till! politicians, and sumebody'l dog and the childro1! Photo by Rob Mc5Sltk �Reflections On Growing Peace in Cultures by Mamie Muller The universe irself can be turbulent, tumultuous...so whatever peace is, it needs 10 acknowledge that dimension of re:ility. Binh and death and dying...:md composting..and change exist in the universe...so that, too. needs t0 be included in an imaging of peace. Female and male exist in cite uaiverse...other spt'cics exisr...the eanh itSelf wanants our anention...so peace, if it is possible. needs co acknowledge and honor all those relations. And dreams ...cx.ist in this universe ...and memory...and our interior psychcs ....nnd love...aml absence of love....Can peace ace-0mmodate the ranges of all th:it? When I stretch r.he boundaries of my mind and hean and each time- say "that, 100"...somehow peace stnys with me, and so I wonder as to ir.s nature and origin. As l d.:lve into my concep1/h1ngu:ige reservoir, the closest thing tlr.n l can say peace is---is "to be intcgro.1 with". Being integral with someone, something, some element... means that in some way I participate in a .rlwred existence witl1 I.hem and appreciation of that shared existence contains in it, for me, I.he possibility of shared pence. For peace, though, to be more than just a personal experience or an event between two entities, ii is essential 10 look to 1hc scale of the sodoc11lmral. h is here that our human stories unfold. Culture, 1 r.hink, is best thought of in its most hteral. biological scn~--as a medium in winch to grow something. such :lS bacteria. It seems that th<: tendency towards culture is i11here111 in our very make-up. I !ere we are...a spccies...h:wing grown in communily-fonns for hundreds of thousands of year.. That occurencc: was preceded by an even more ancient fom1ing or single-celled organisms imo mulu-cellcd ones. We seem to be truly crcnturcs of culture. Thomas Berry talks nbout trc111sge11etic mlwral coding, The passing on of "deep mformation" is an essential aspect of the function of any culture. Divcr.>ity among cultures can Ix: ~tounding---language, foods, color.;, designs. sounds, songs. in~trumc:ms, dances. ceremony, ::m:hitecture--but the: fl'arufcrc11ci: of i11fomw1icm---is a comrm)n tr3it Does, as Thom;1s suggesl'i, our cultural coding pasi. on infonn:11ion ...i11 as clt:111c111al a 11ay a.r c/1ro11u15omes do? Doe~ our consciousness have no active part to play in the process of evolution?'! Cm we in fac1 nunun: or crarl imentional cultures that cnfumcc our panicip:nion in the planct:iry prt>Cess? Thomas speaks or the universe as having a psychic dimension...from ib very inception. Not an ntlditivc nor an extra ingredient, it is rather. he insi~ts. an elcmcmal facet of our phy:.i..:al universe. So lei us say th:u the universe, from the beginning, ha:. been psychic 10 itself--through itself. Then, the question becomes: can hununs pltticipatc in this elemental dimension? Can human culture:; consciously allow for the recognition, utilization, and celebration of this full rcnlity?'! It is at this level that we begin im1uiring about thC' possibil11ies of peace. The univer:;e constJnt!y infonns itself. Can we luunm~t be 1nfo1111Cd? h :.cem) that one of the roles of an organic functional culture is to enhance 1hc indi\ id11als' ability t~) he.-u· rhc "infonn.11ion" of the univc.rse. Our relations amongst ourselves nre intimately interwoven in U1c fabric of the universe. Unless we explore and 11ckno~ledgc !he univcri-e in a// the dimensions in which 11 is preseming itself to us, we remain isolated and enelol>ed.. .in~'ap~blc of the exuberance required for ongoing "re!Juonship"...of any son, whether human-co-human or human-to-earth. Western culture's dcufness and myopia tO\\,ird~ thi:. "inlorm;uion" scern 10 h.we occum:J b<!cause of it:. limited recognition of the depth of 1he naturul world*.dcscribing 11 as nll!re landscape and inanimate treasure uove. The pos:.ibilily for communicauon... much less for communion has thus become practically impos:.ible. Yet ironically 1t is here whc~ a great deal of cultural healing mus1 take placc....1n the re:i..lm of hum:1n-eunh relations. Our p:;yches need t0 reconnect in a one-to-one correspondence with these deep psychic inl1uences of the universe and renew a sense of bondedness with the n:uuml world. The infomu1tlon or the universe reveals ltself 111 many \\ ay~ ... but ont of the sirnple)t, closest ways 1s to listen to one's homcplac.e--to 1hc c:nurc ecological life community in whi~h onc·s human community b immersed. "Bcmg integrJl with .. suggests 1hc need to pcrcdve a sense of the natural scale 01 things so that we can more appr<1priatcly and fully be able "to be integrJI w11h" all the varied levels. In 1enns or ecological sc.1lc, it seems that human culture can bci.t relate to the natur.tl world ar. the lc\'el of the regional scale. Going beyond the neighborhood or covc.. beyon<l the li:>cal ...one comes to the n:gionnl. It is here: lhnt Summ1:r, 1989 �one can notice whole ecosystems at v.ork (or :11 play). Watershed, geolo~ic:il form:mon, similarity in plant nnd unirnal spccles...all these 11.rC best comprehended nt the rcglon:tl level...\\ hich h3s us distincl though "soft" n:itur:tl boundaries. A region is wulknble, know:ible -.nnd in crnfting hulll:l11S)Stems10 interface \\ith the ecological systems, this as the sc:ile nt \\ hich 11 ts ntikcs the most sense 10 ..be integr:ll v. ith". Encouraging nccurntc, full pcrccpuon of reality is cntical in developing cuhural model111g ~ystems that will funcuon ru.lcqu:ucly. 11lc m:irk of a :.tiflmg culture, 11 seems, is one in whicl1 the range of sh:ued perceptions of reality remains quite restricted; one in which, for exnmplc, the many ranges of red arc referred to only as "red", thus ignoring the myriad hues of thlll family of color. A restrictive culture relegates drcamtime to the realm of the subordinate and gmnts nonexistence to ull bUl n mengcr spectrum of sounds and senses. An nlivc. functioning organic culture. on the other hand, nurtures individuals' facuhies of perception and encourages their scn~c of rootedness in a shared realiry--both in terms of the human :ind natural \\Odd. EncoUt3ging the development of :iccurate feedback mcch:inisms within I.he infrastruclurc of a culture is also essential. lf a culture does not 3llow for appropriate fcedb3ck, then 11 W:k of internal vibrancy occurs...promoting fossilization of thought P,:tttcms. activi1y, and environs. Spedfie nurufestations of culture such as archuecture, roodbuilding, commerce, food producuon, communications, b:lnking. govern~ e1c. become highly rigid and unduly reinforce the status quo. How can a culture allow for a sense of fluidity as well as solidi1y? llow C3l1 we come iogether in community-forms without domesticating ourselvei; to death .•.ns \\ell ns the planet? How c;in we, not just individually but in a socio-cultural sense, a~·knowledge the whole, rich, diverse range of the dep1hs of the naturJI world as well :is the human psyche? It seems the more in 1ouch we arc with our sense of bondedness to 1he wider Lifo conununity. the more access we have to resolving thc:.e questions. Exchange between humans onJ the nalural world t.ak~ pince nt evcrv level whether we acknowledge it or not. Our fuc:uhing in 1111d our breathing out ••. our intake of food nnd our rele:isc of wnstcs as \\ell ~ mnny other fimctions clc:irly icll us 1h:l1 we live In the pl:mct not on it and we arc a part ofthe dynnrruc process nOl apan from it. I low c:in we nurture the growth of cultures \\hose infrasuucturc designs acknowledge this in1mute ongoing exchange? Cultures usu:illy reflect 11 com:munny's sense of its human hentnge but u is esscnu:d thni they rcllcc1 a sense ofthctr ecological hcniage :is well. 11115 mtim: ey of hum:in CXISlCllCC Wlth lhc n:itUr.J.I world needs 10 be recognized not JUSt on the biolog1cal, chemical level bu1 on the psychic/l>pirltunl level us well Our very sense of personal nnd cultural idemi1y needs to incorpom1e 1he ccolog1cal l111ncnsion. Only \\hen we begin to undcr&iand and l'ncour.igc these "conditions" fur pcncc...cun we come closer to growin~ pe11cl! 111 c11lturcs... Summer, 1969 Some concepts to consider for growing peace in cultures... res~ct for dhe~ty ~UllC:llOO of SJ!CCICS llS w..11 a:s e.uemun:uJOa of ethiue peoples has become :i StVCtC thrc:u throughout lhc pl;inct. ID add1uon to etbic:al constderau~. bomoccnuy and d1m1msh~nt ol m:uufcsuuaos o( hfe llIC 21so blologlc:ally un,.1se. 1be lolth lllld ~bihty of rmy sy m wh.:tha hum;in Of ccologd. rest m a gcnumc rcsp:c1 lllld cclclKatmn or bhluc as u.ell cultural diverS1ty beyond dominanrr Mmy culturtS lll\e become c:nucn:bcd m:i • domiruon °'er" JWod J:m 11.' u C'.'ld.."ll:cd m term, of gender, rllCC. ctlum: hcn1Jgc, species lllld/Of cge. This dom1n1on pi)Sturc c::iuscs ph)'MC:&I, psychologlc:ll, sp1.ntu~1. cc-011omic: lllld cnvaronmcntnl ~ufflX':lllOO, A mocc babncc:ll. cqu1ubli: dyn:umC' mo.tel a n:qu1n:J 1n which mu1uality is 1hc b:is1~ r~1hcr than fol\'e Of co.:rccmcnL tuvp,rntion No longer does rul\lieJ 111d1v1du:ihsm or Da.rw11w111 compc11t1on pro-.Jc tm ulllm:UC mo.let fOI' suN1val. Cooper:.11on 1111d symbio11~ nrc now being recognized as csttr4i:il nspccts or our biologknl hcntasc. Coopc:3lion. CQ-C1.1si.cncc. and conlUcMcsoluuon need w be 01 the bc3r1 or :a "'br.uu culture. Vclucs iUCh u cmp:ithy and imporuncc ol ie:im"ork !so need w be rccbimcd. 11ppropri:ue 'cale Dimensions or sale occur l!uougbout lbe Jl:l1.Ur.ll 11.-orld Crom die microscopic to die lllXtOSIX>pic. Sak ~ :also 1111pon;u11 in terms ol hummJ 11ttavity. In f:ict. ii is an csscnlbl dcmcnt tn dcsl,nmg for qu:il1l)' ol we-.11;hc1bc.r an tmns or technology. c:cooomks, archi1cc1urc Of 1111y odlct l1lU Emplmlzing appropri.ale sc::ilc CDCOU1'3btl the shlfl rrom D bi&flly c:crunhzcd and bicrnrcluail mode IO one lh3.t IUPJIOIU clivcrsificntioo mid dccenlr.l.liution It also nud,cs us to rc-cv:Wi:uc the b:lsic :ugumcms ol ccntr.1h1.:111on such o~ ns110113l sccuri1y, cconom1e &t:ibahty tluoush coloni:llism, homogcncny anJ eullur:il supcr10111y. We begin to recognize the l!eW to oplorc hum:in 'c:ilc, \•illage·JJ:llk 1llld rcgion·sc:ile modcls. ao••crnancc All mhnb11:rn1~ <>f M communny h:ive nghL~ 11m.J nrc cnu1lc<l 1<1 panlc1p:11c 1n appropriule dccision·making lh31 concerns their \HI! lleint Governance. in particular, is directly uffctlCJ by sct1lc. We arc n:llcctcd by nruJ reflect our $WTOumhntt. II lhc boundario:.s 11re defined 1n IOO large 11 l!Qlc, 1hcn It Is d1ffirult for 1nh:lbi1.'.lll1S to ~nsc: thr.mselvo n.s a p:ut of and p:uucip:uang an 11 self.governing process lktcrnlm~ ~ scale: the level 111 v. h1ch dce1S10nS shooW be rn:Uk (commumty-lmcd. rcgton:ll), and the type ol pnxcss to be ~ {m:ipuy rule. conSCISLIS. etc:..) 11rc all pan of a culture's re trcttunng towtirds sclf-go~ = opportunlly for rlgbr lhelaaood All uihab UlnU entitled to the oppanumty for i«Unng food, $hella. jCqXl1diung thclt owa 11;'Cll being. clothing. et:. "''llioul ol thl:ir fellow mhab1lllllH Or that or l~ en• arorunem. Ernplmis oa co:nmun11y ~ cconomu::s c:m c:tlCQ<lilll!C this kind ol rcspocmblc dcsJin and ~lsion-nul:u...- Dc\'CloplRgllll CCOllOm) \tr4 I gJIJUS 1u dependence on the "anh cc<momy" allows fur pcn:cptlOll or rc:al cOStS. 11Us llllJUSU llJC l<b of progrc.u and dc•clcprmnl to encompass •be 11;cll being nr lhc CIUICC Life rommunuy. lhlll 1uillllnability The ccologial life 5)5tcms vmhill a region lltC p31t of lh: 11.-t:ict sclf·susuitihlg pbncWy system It as auc1Jl th:u ow hum:m sysums begm to rcf1a:t and support tbiJ sitstmmb•luy principle. \\c need to develop "'11)'S to ev;iluatc our hum3tl ICliVIUCS (qnculturc, forestry. ~th eve. tr.111q>0rl:lt1on. banhng. u.'21Cf use.. Clelgy use. cu:) an lh3t ~ We. In la=t. need to k:lm how 10 "rcillh:lbil" the boal!>CCgiOn m wludl we h\C, to accumcly lllldusund JtS ccol0£ical c:irr) 111g apxuy. and to design l01ro"lltds rcgion:il suffi 11.!llCy. inlrrdcpt"ndrncc Acknowledgement ot 1ntcrdcpcndcnt'C entoulllges the bioccntnc dc5ign of hum:m sysians. nus 1ccoJ:nh1on nl~o allows for a creative :iwro:ich 10 n.:s1hcuc nnd £unc1101JJI uspccis a.> wcll. i;uch ns opumurn cap~c11y for rc.~ancc and cnh:lncc:mcn101 st1troundinv, mcorporauon oC 11. md, w.:itcr, .sunlight 1n de~tgn: CORS11.kn.H10R of gcogtaphfcal/Sp;IU:ll rtxcmcnt: Dlld llcs1gning with illtcr.spccics communion In mmd. lmpOrllnCf uf rccdbotklre~poos" circuits A 10 receive infonnauon lllld cullure needs 10 be :ible respond to 11_.through reflccuon, cvllluauoa. 11nd pou:ruill! lld;ipt3U00 or ch:mgc. CIC. Prcscnlly. u o~s lh:ll COlllempallt)' cultures do not 113\'C lldcqu:i:e response CtrCUllS bw1t m. Far ~. cuhur:ll dqlcndencc Oil the DUtomOblle JCSUllS in anordinalc consmnptJoo or bumm ll me and fossil Cuc.I. Yet. bccmlsc of 1111 cntrtllChtd u:insporution industry th:u is rcinforctd by p"Cl'lllncn1 m 11;'Cfl 11S pnvau: indastry. crcah-e options ror eulwnl rcconstclbuon arc not lldcqu:ucly supponed...sucb 11J cL'Slgnlng urban vilbges wt= u.ukpbce ll1ld bolncpbcc tile nc:ucr to cXh other, prodllciog cnvironmcnta:lly Slb12lll;lble \'Cllicles. etc. meaM ror transrcrcoc" or illfonaatlon All culwrts have ways for the passing oa ol infonn:uion and wisdom rrom gtOC1111J011 IO gcnc:rauon. The xcumulatcd opericncc or o eullUIC am be siurcd Uirough suirytelling. an, llC'lldemics, child-rearing, education, ~. It is impllfWll 11> OJ1Jll'C:Cl3LC and parUclp:iLC in the craf'ung of this orpnlc ronn Of "i.torl1l:C lilld rctncval". :!»lCrtdntY or ur~ The Dddrcss or 1he tbu De No Snu Nee N:111on 111 the UN Conference of Non-g1wcllllllCnul Orgunlrntions m Geneva 111 1977 voices ttus concept n~ eloquently: '"The origmal 1nstJUaaon1 dilCCt lh3l \\C .i.ho ,.1111: 11bou1 on the E:ulh arc IO apn:.ss a grC3t respect. rm nfk.cuon. ll!ld a grauiudc toward all lhc spmts v.1rich Crute 11114 support life-Our roocs 11n: d«p Ill I.he btidJ 11;'hae 'll'C hYC.-The soil 1s rich from Che bono of thousmJs ot our gcncn1lQnS. E:i::h or 11S 'll'CfC crated 111 1hoic l:uu1s and ii u our dU1y to u1.c grm c.c ol them We wtik nbou1 11.ilb a pCl1l respect. for the f.:rth Is 1 '":tY SXtCd plxe." Eadl cuhurc can help 1his srnsc ol the~ of W'c 11ourisb bolh Oii lhc ~ _, ,.'Cll as euliunl level. crlrbrali!ltl Dnd renectioD Culnuc Hau lijJCCttS' medium sh.lrcd ~ ~wen llS shmd actlcr:lncc. I tlOCll. n:ltural cckbr.1lioD as v.-cll as c:ultwal mod:s of rdlcaion cnh:m:c our cupxtl)' commU!UOll v.1111 the rcsa of the unhcrse-aot jtlS1 on lhc pcrsoo;il ~I bul on t.'ic mnmumty-widc level. Comcaous rct ruuon n::d llrprccllllion of llll1113t!/caltur:ll as \llCll lll coolotial hc11mgc."both "3SarW and h1Uor~I .JS II rorm Of ckmentnl nourishment Ulllt c:m only come m 1 Slwcd ror ror form. -Mamie Muller �The Chalice and the Blade Tht wor.t of Muri1a GimbUJas (The Gods and Goddtssts of Old Europt, 1000 to 3500 BC: Myths, Ltgtnds and Cult /mag1t), Mt:rlin Stone (AnciMI Mirrors of 1Yomanh11od) and others haw! pionurtd tk uplora1ion ofour species' trut: cultural origw. Now with tk publicalion of The Clullce anti lhe Blntlc ( 1988), t~ tvitk11ct of this research along with Eisfcr's f4peful inttrprttmions Is[Ultllly r'ttzeliing brQOder rtaduship such that Ashley Montagu calls it "the IMSt impottant book sinct Darwin's Origin of Specit.r". llrre are two rtsf)OllSts to its t:iJllltlll. Emoft.e B'r<lCZ: Tlte Chalice a11d rite Blade confirms my long-held belief that ''once-upon-a-time" there were peaceful societies (partnerships) in existence on this planet. This gives me hope that we can muddle our way into a personal and global peaceful coexistence. After two readings of the book, the following points su>0d out: •Tue scientific and 1eehnologicnl advanccmcn[S of this century have allowed us IO ~amine nnd re.evalU11te e.arlia a.rchcotogical findings. The initrdisciplin:uy upprooch or t.ntcrprctlng "finds". lhe bte:ikthlO\lgh in es.rbon-14 d:ltlng, and \he dendrochronological dating method yield a diffetCtJl body or work and data on out histOry. ••conqu~1· of noturc h:is no1 always been the prime mover of Out species. • PoJytheislic religious life does not equal anti-christinn ccvility. •Art is a form of symbolu; communkmlon, and much depend.~ on who is interpreting the symbols. •The "might mllkes right" philosaphy is 1111 abbenu.ion. ..not the nonn. • tntultivc knowledge ls a part or the sciences. • "That's hisiory..• 1nd lluu's a fac1· is nn unncccpiable answer to quesliOllS asked. "The domuwor (JX!triltehal) mode or socw order is 111opproprinle nnd dangerous tO our further e11olvcmcnL. edSICOcc and fulW'C, Riane Eisler believes that we are presently al a crossroads. We can continue as we are...and it is inevilable that we will destroy ourselves...or we can try to emulate and rebuild the peaceful societies which did exist. After reading Tile CIUJ/ice and the Blade. I was convinced that peace is possible. The number of role models for us to identify with has been widened immeasurably by this book, There can be a choice for pence and equality even within the confines of our civiliuition. History goes in cycles, und unlike what we've learned in school, it is never a fiJCcd point. It is forever changing, evolving. It is our responsibility and challenge to investigate, to question, and to look at presented ''facts" with an unquenchable thirst nnd unending enthusiasm. I would like to share with you some of the books. in addition to The Gita/ice and rite Blade that have made me yearn for and ponder the idea of peace: General Readers hi p: Think on These Things by J. Krlshnamurti: Too of Ltodarslup by J Header; Grt!ui Politics by C. Sprcm:ik; Grun Alternative by 8. Tab:: Going Out of Our M111ds by S. Johnson: IOOth Monhy by K. Keyes; Johnny Got lfis (iun by D. Trumbo: Da1:u of Angtr by H. Lance: Peace Pilgrim by A. Pilgrim: St:t!1fs of Pt:ou II)' J. L:irson; Gandhi on Ptaet by M. Gn111lh1; Jlov.· Can Ont Sell th( Air. Edit.:d: Chop Wood. Corry \\'attr by R. F'aclds. Chi ldren 's Books: W.tlwm Wants A Dolf by C. Zolo1011: Friend.r by H.Hcmc; Quarter-Note Cow Pou byJ. Poucr. Mrnou by H. Bmgham: Chu:ktn Stew by K. Kasla: Kuper.I oft~ Earth by M. Cuduto; Tru II Niu by J. Urdy; lJ-.< B.imb and tht General by U. Eco: BuJll!T Boule Dool. by Dr. Seuss. Emou B'rar:. an a'td reada t1nd sr.J10lar. 1s the ot<na of frf.Jfuprop'.J Boo*stor~ and Cofi ill AJMvillt. NC. Si:t 011gina1td tlu! suhutft "A11othtT STt111/I Bus111t.fS for Pcau# tmd uwitl!s otkr smafl b1131nes1: ow11as to 11•1n kr 1111tS111g iI on clttir logos and ad•·~rflSt'mtlllS. tt.Uo Clu thr i.e: The Chali ce and The Blade was given to me by a woman-friend juSt after this past Winter Solstice, and it has llad a profound effect on me. Scrangely enough, it had b<:cn shown to me several months before, but I was not aurncted to it. l think when I saw it the first time I thought it was another mytho-psychological analysis of "feminine" versus "masculine" values. I was in a spa.cc of trying to explore my own sense of a ne\li masculine ethos and I didn't want to read what I thought would be a book on women's archetypes or psychological explorations. I needed a more grounded sense of what 11 means to be human n.t this time in history. When I finally opened up the book, and actWllly began to rc~d it, I couldn't put it down. Instead of being t.he psychological or mystical volume I expected, I found a remarkable CJCploration or "our history, our future." as ii says on the cover. Riane Eisler has taken a look at the entire sweep of human cuhurnJ evolution from a new perspective. that of t.he pannersbip, or "gylanuc" viewpoinL Her central thesis is that all the bases of human culture, arts. and civilizntion were developed at a time in which women and men were both respected, in which sexuality was free, and where the technology was of nurturance, not destruction. This is, in shon, the lost "golden age" of myth and legend. It really happened! I Our dr~ms of 1he future have their firm b:isis in a past which has been denied to us because of :indrocratic m1sinterpre1ation of both human nature and the archaeologicfil record. For example, we carry with us the image of early "man" holding a club with which to hit something over the head and kill it; in actuality the fin;t technological invention was probably ll vessel of some kind, either for ga1henni vegel!lble foodstuffs or for cradling children. These were. of course, invented by early women. The implication!> of tJ1is viewpoint are ~taggcnng: this book is justly receiving gre:u acclaim from a wide range of ~ources. The concept of n lost · m:m1archal golden age" is central to 1he more spiritual trends in feminist thought, and i!> a heartfelt belief Summ..:r, 1989 �or wish of modem 01anic neo-p:igans. In fact, Feminist Spirituality is frequently criticized by more materUlist viewpoints for not being grounded in an historical rcal11y. Tltt! Chaliu ar.d tht! B~adt! J?UlS t~e lie to these doubt~ about the vnlidity or Feminist Spintu:ihty by scrupulously an:ilyzing the historic:ll and an:h:ieolog1cal record to suppon its premise A lot of emphasis is placed 1n the book on the imponance or Cretan or Minoan Civilization to the development or Western culture, This highly technologically advanced civilization, which ":is at its height about a thousand years before Class1c:ll Greece (ca. 1400 B.C.E.), honored both women and men equally. was nol3bly non-warlike. and "orsh1pped the Great Goddess. Who has not marvelled at pictures of the bull·leapers, the Snake·Goddess statues, or the dclic:ue painung or lilies and dolphins which adorned the walls of the grc:it J13lace at Knossos'? And let\ not forget the Labrys. or double-axe which is today a prominent iron of Lesbian/Amazon cuhure. 'fbe origin of this symbol b m the Goddess· religion of Crete, The Clzaltee and tlit! Blade ts an inell.pcnsive volume, published by Harper nnd Row. It h llVilllable in your local, regular bookstore (if it's not sold out), or m the library. Since it's inexpensive, it doesn't have glossy color photos of the Minoan art treasures mentioned in the text. I found it useful to have a couple of an or nn.:hacological books by my ~idc 10 be able: to :.1~e lhe wonderful scenes of young Mino:in men with flowers in 1heir h:mds, of priestesses performing the rites of the Gre~ll GodJess. My dreams have not been the sanu: since!! Another imporum1 fe:11urc of I he Chaliu and the Blade is its e:\plorntion of the ":.tuntcd morality" (>f b1bhcal law in reg:ird to \\'Omen. Quoung Eisler: ~we have been taught ttul the Judeo·Christian trndnion is the greatest mornl ndvnnce of our species. The Bible is indeo.I primarily concerned .,.. ith what is right and \\tong. But what is right and wrong in a dommator society is not the same as what 1s right and wrong in a pannership society. There nre...many teachings in both Judaism and Christinnity suitable for a panner!>hip sy:.tem of human relations. But to the extent that 11 reflec1s a dominator society. biblical morality is at best stunted. At worst, it is a pseudo-morality in which the will of God is a device for covering up cruelty and barb.1ri1y." When I learned ancient hhtory in gmde school. the assumption was that law and moraJ11y began with the code or Hammlll1lbi or the Mosaic Laws. ln reality, these dominator law codes were set up after the overthrow of legal and moral systems which valued all human life, female and male. and which governed peaceful, not warlile, wcieties. ln addition, the classical Greek ideas of libcny and democracy (for free men only) were but watered·down versions of the earlier tr.1ditions which had their origins in pre-androcrauc societies such as Minoan Crete. In fact, Pythngonis and Socrnte~ were pupils of women Thcmistoclcn and Diotema, respectively. Much of myth, classical, Biblical, and othcrwi~. rccounis how the Goddess was ovenhrown, r.ipcd and murdered. These myths developed as justifications for the continued dominator/;indrocratic rule following the dcsll\ICtion of the earlier pea~ful, agricultural societies by wnrhke. pastor.ii peoples from the more margmal area:; or Eurasia. Riane Easler also recounls how the partnership or gylanic mode of society has periodically resurfaced, only to be suppressed again. Some or the teachings of Jcsu~ reflect a loving vision of peace and hannony; the later church fathers supplanted this with 3 warlike and hierarchical "Christianity." 1·hc very word "hierarchy" W3S coined to describe the organiution or the c:irly church. The word "gylany" or "gylanic" has been formed by Riane Eisler to describe the type of society which flourished in ancient times and toward \\hich v.e must move today if our species is to survive; it is a combination of "gy." denvcd from the Greek root word gyne, meaning woman, and "an." from andros, or lll3II. The letter ·1· between the l\\O is for linkin&. and is derived from the Greek lytln or Iyo. This verb has a double meaning: to resolve (as in analysis) or to dissolve or set free (as in cul3.lysis). This word and its origin sum:. up the m:un thesis of the book: that how a society organizes the relation~ between the two hnlves of humaniry (men and women) hn~ a profound effect upon all its ins1i1utions and vnlues; and the direction of its cultural evolution, pllrticulnrly whether it will be peaceful or warlike. tmmer, 1989 Needless to say, in a technological era where the "bl:ide" is a thennonuclcar bomb or a nerve gas canister instead of a S\\iord or slingshot, this is a matter of the very survival of our species. While The Chalice and rite Blade focuses m:iinly on the w3ys rcl:uions between \\Omen and men are constructed a~ a gauge of how totalitarian or warhke a society is. there are abundant references to way:. in which men, particularly "sensiuve" or "effeminate" men arc oppressed by androcr:lcy. As we know. and as Eisler points out, these warlike and t0tali1arian wcietie~ (H111c:r's Germany, Khomeini's lran, etc.) arc the most opprc:.sive 10 women and to peaceful tendencies in men or 10 :>pintual m1nori1i~ (Jew , B:iha'is. etc.). • Iow a society organizes the relations bcl\\CCn the two halves of humanity (men and women) has a profound effect upon all its ins1i1u1ions and values, and the direction of its cultural evolution, particularly whether i1 will be peaceful or warlike. ln regard to the issue of maleness and warlike values, nerc 1s Easler· viewpoint: "For 1mllcnia men have fought wars and lhe 8l:1de has been a male symbol Bul this does not mc:in men arc inevnably violent Md w:irhkc. Throughout rcconlcd hif.tory then: have bcc:n peaceful and non-violent men. Moreover, obviously there were both men and women in !he prehisiorico.1 societies v.herc the po\\ er to give and nunurc, v.hich the Olnlicc symbolh:C! , was supreme. The underlying problem is not men o.s a sex. The root of the problem lies 1n a social system in v.hich the power of the Blade 1s idealized - in \\hich men nnd women D.1'C taught to equate true lll3sculinity with violence and dominance and to see men who do not confonn to this ideal as 'too soft' or 'effeminate'." It IS apparent thllt the vision or I gyJanic SOCU:ty is thal of crcauvc dynamic interpersonal relations \\rit large: the vision of gentle loving \\Omen and men living in harmony \l.ith nature 1s \\hat \\e offer for the reemergence of the future partnership society which must be the p:ith of humanuy's future. The basis of any society and culture h the way one person relates to another. This is true for woman to woman, man to man or mlln/~oman relationship:.. Now i~ the time for us co carry our vision forth mto the new world which is being crcrued by all the human vi:oionarie!> nnd poets who sense the turning of the cosmic wheel. The human species is obviously facing a crucial period in history: either we will full b:ick into a kind of androcratic tcchnofascism in which women will be slaves. free sexuality will be suppressed, and the organisms of the planet will choke on human filth or be incinerated/radiated in a nuclear holocaust; or v;e will somehow develop :a new culture which values nunurance, h:is respect for life and hum!lnlly in all its variety :md sc:icual flowenng, and rinds ways to meet its material needs without ciitinguishing other species and tenninaJly fouhng it nest. Khomeini and the Morul Majority understand how Feminism. civil rights. free SCltunlity. ecology. and peace nrc linkcJ, and they oppose them all with a vengc.ncc; we who reali7.C how these values are pan of our vbion and hold the key to our ~urvival must continue co become \\hat we want in the world and create the myths in our laves which will be the stories for our people to live by. The Cho.lice and rlie Blade has given me hope. In this time of rc-<lcdic1uion to the principles wh1ch l have cherished in my heart for years. this book has mengthcned my "·ision and nllowed me co feel pan of a past and a future or joyous. loving, harmonious women and men, liv1ng in deep commimion \\ith the Ennh and iis creatures. Wbo could ask for more'?'? M1hJ Gwlvu: u a co-/oWllkr of 11il ClllnNrl.JNi Grtt11 ColAl!Cil aJlJ a/rt~111 con111bMtor to its publicat1on g1«nhgh1 Prcst111ly. lw spuids hls 111r11 both in DMrham NC and NOJhv1//t, JN whtft /ormaliz1n1 his 1ra1111ng 111 bctanical stiul1es. This revi~ 1.f rtpr111ttdfrom grccnlighL �Lhcm: conscrva1.1on: improving and rtp:tirmg Lhe city/cowuy d4uibution system; and coop:nwng with the towns oi Woodfin and WcavcrvtlJc 111 developing the Big Ivy River v.'aler supply. ALAR • A • LA MODE' poUutanis. These regubtlons wtll be dlscusscd 8l public hearillgs on August 4 m Rllle1gh Md Augu.st 9 in Owlott.c. Chemical mduStrics were the l:lrgcst &OW'CC of polluwus. Olhcr lasge cooLObutors we.re furniture, tcllule. pbsucs and rubber, p1per. nnd prmlln& and N..unl World Ne•1 ~ace publishing industries. C:.,111wba and fors)th counties were the wont Even as Federal health officials tty to calm growing concerns about aJar sprayed :apples, Ilic En · lronmcmlll ProlCCl.ion Agency d«idcd to Ill lcw t.empomnly remove Abt from 1 h$t or acccpublc chcmk:al sprays.; During a sub<ommauce hearutg on the Al:ir-m. Scru!tor John Wamcr of Vqmia Wied Prwdens Bush, • to cxcrc:asc some cri~iJ control" to PfOLCcl lhc apple indusuy dependent on Abt spraying. while other sen310ts suu.ed thcu ()\\.Tl hes11.ancy IO fccJ their children Haywood C:OWU) wu next, and was the only westertn county to cxccod 2 million pounds, th3nks mostly to the Champion Paper mill ""hicb reported rclC4Sing 3.S million pounds of tolic air pollution, mcludmg 810,000 lbs of the carcinogen chloroform, 660.000 lbs or hydrochloric acid, ll!ld 66.000 lbs of sulfuric acid whach conttibut.cs 10 :.cid rain. D:iyco reponcd 1.7 million tons. Figures for other Western counties ase: Ru1bctfonl - I IO 2 milljoo lbs.. Primary so~ - Reeves Brothers, l.S million lbs. and Broylull Furniture lnd~Lties. Transylv111u.11 • 500,000 to I million lbs. Primary source - Ecusta divisiron of P.H. Gl3dfcltcr. Buncombe - S00.000 to I million lbs. Primary sources • Chnsc Packaging, 270.000 lbs; Chcnuronic~ (Jct Research Center), 263,000 lb$: Andre11 lndus111es. 110,000 lbs or tcLtacbloroethylcnc, a carcinogen. Mitchell " S00.000 t0 I million lbs. Primary sourccHcnredon Furniture lnduSl!ies, 600,000 lbs. Burke S00,000 IO I million. Hcndc™>n - 250.000 10 apple products. CHAINSAW BANDIT STILL AT LARGE Nat.uni Wockl Newt Servico As of lhLS rcporung, Beech Mounuin Town Police and the Avery County Sherirrs Oc:p:inmcnt still have no wspccis in tl1c ~11uct1on or lhrc:c b1llboan1s. TOO signs we.re allegedly toppled by a chain-saw on Wcdllcsday, r.tiy 17. Appal\:lltly, lllCIC was some public SUpporl ror thl~ 3Cltion.... l~e pa.id odvcrtise~nt, llunking Ille Wlkoown pcrpcuntor. appeared an a local pgpc:t soon a!W. ll tC1Cmr as if 111311)' n:sidenls were llJl1ICl wilh the "•sual pollution c:cale4 by the b1llboords. and I.bey wished to COQ>lil'QllC people to frequent only those rnctCh:inis who do noc use b1llbootd.s. IL is believed th.1t the absen.:e or 111mcit:m legal tcguWion concarung billhollnb drove lhlS 1nd1..idual IO tcek ~ oulSidc of thc law ro lddreiS a c:ammunuy concem. FORCES OF NATURE Naunl WOl'ld Ncwa Scnlu On April 6 we were all rcrn1nalcd or the inoltOtllblc atnCtion or gravity. This point was espcclllly brought home 10 three ttookcrs on l_.O near the Tcnnc.ssce SIALC line v.llo r«ea"ed l'lllhct lur11c bouldct applicauon~ 10 the side or their llllCtOMrnJIClli u huge rock slabs ri]!pCd o/T from the su:cp wall of rock Fonunrucly, no one was h1111. A retaining wall mode a vnln attcmpt to Slop lhc slide, but was~ crushed. The rock~idc clO!iCd lhe two westbound lallC$ roe su ~as an cstim111Cd IS,000 to 20,000 cubic yanls or d111 and rock had io be movod; dyn.wit.e c:hlllgC$ were 5Ct to dislodge uruubk! 11111LCriol; and steel mc..'h nets were wung on cables between rock bolts set m the chff r11ec.. Every lime U'\IC.k 11ec1dcn11 hliic 1'11~ h;.ippen. 11 ~minds us: 11 c:ouJJ ha•e been nukes! SEWAGE WITH YOuR SUPPER? Nall.nl Worll N Sa>ioc. In Alhcvalfe. No1tl1 Carohllll •octn dttc.iued by 1 1..m-to-onc m:irgm a bcm1' muc lh;it v.ould ll3•e h:ld them drinkma 11".c w:iiu of the French Broad Raver. Supporters of the bond ruuc Cb!llltd WI the French Bro:id 11o :ii.ct 11 .ufo, but opponcn11 ll01Cd ih:n the rc;tl l>S:la WllS that n:ssd.:nts "''CfC nol ready ID dnn\; poll~ hvtf"'1lla IO lh:u bus 11CD proplc !Ind dc'-elQpcri coul'1 CXINI\ I profi OP Wllllll cd llfOV. II U~m from A vii looau th pbn , II pos.s 5 fund hclp "'"'""--""•ill.~ Thea ... dlC othct ~able meet ~ 11tc;1 • w11 r n ~tu1~1 Journ"L pC•(I 22. rTll1I \ \1lltiblc IJ) Ill lbc fuwrc among School disuicu from New Yori.: lo Los Angeles LO Miami ha"e sioppcd serving AIAMaintcd apples in their cafeteri:ls. Alar h:is fOI' )'C4rS bcc:n linked to aincc.r in 11nillllll LCSLS, but recently when o report by the Nuturul Resources Defense Council recc1"cd n lot or :itll:mion, public opinion pushed tbc EPA mto nct1on. The company which mtlkes Alar cont111ues IO msbt the product is snfe and has plans to shin their market to owside the us. 500,000 lbs. CONSERVATION COUNCIL OF NORTH CAROLINA PROMOTES PESTICIDE LEGISLATION NaNRI World Ne"'• S..lYk:e Myo11c 1111ereswJ can ob1a111acopyof1hl' rtpc >rtfor $20 from t~ North Caro/ilia Envirollh:tlllal Dtftnst Fwul clo StepMn L(llitus: 128 llargtll St . Raleigh. NC 27(J()J. NEW RIVER SCENIC DESIGNATION IN JEOPARDY The Conservation Council or Noni! Carolin:a has joined forces with Lhe Agrac:ultur3J Ra:soun:es Cenier/PESTcd to publish I pcsttctdc -ic:nda for 19S9. Some of the bills they arc promoting in the NC Legislature are HB-389 ""hach would increase the atri:il application buffer which 1s cum:ntly only one hundred Uodu the state-federal pLln of 1976 which declared 26.S atilcs of the New River a Scenic: foci (1'11111111 OCC'41•ed bwk11ng, and S8·274 whk.h wuulJ require all pcs1icidc applicators to J>O$l notice of thcu Waa.crw11y, Nonh CAtolina wiu to 11cqui1c; i>C<lnn; e:tsemenis «land along Ille nvcr. Howcvct. since 1976 activities. For furlhcr information conL:lct Nonc:y Barnhardt, Legisbuve Agent, Pcsllc1dc Project of lhc COll3ervatJon Council or NC, Ch~pcl Ifill. (919) 942-8991. "STATE OF THE AIR" REPORT Natuml Wotld New' Sa-vice Last year. ror the first time. more than 800 North Carolina 1ndus111cs were required to file with tho s1111e rcpons on releases of the 328 cbcnucah mdiC41cd m the 1986 fcdcml "right-«>~know" SWtUIC:;. The NC Envi.ronmentlll Dclcn~ Fund ( NCEDF), compiled Lhcsc: reports and found th~t. <tatcwadc. indusUlcs emutcd nearly 100 ma Ilion pounds of lhclit air polluunts. 12.7 million or which arc Cllrt1nogcll$. According lo the NCEDF, these cm1WO<U arc cnurcly legal, and therein hes a probkm. "Touc au polluuon an l'onh Carolina is aJrncm tolollly unrc11ul.'l1Cd." according IO NCEOF dltl!ClOr S~vcn J. U..1ta,, 1andl unlcs§ we dose the skic.s io polJw.c:l'l, lilt cnu-;.siODJ wdl n:rnui the e:isiest way for Noctl1 Ouolma 1nduwic:s 10 get rad or ll:at.:irOOus w.wc." Nawn! World News Sez\.icc only 33 acres or scenic cascmenLS have been ~wrcd by lhc s:wc. In the s:imc umc period the number of priYDte lwldowncrs on the river h3.s jumped 300%. anJ iowns of Jcrterson and Wcs1 Jefferson, NC are currently considering opening a one million gallon per day v.ucr Lreattncnt plant which would utilize lhc river LO dispose of IJ'elUOd discharge. Nllkcd Creclc. a Lribur.:uy of the New River and a disch!lrge sllc for treated water, "wns named :is n •toxic: hot spot' an 1111 EPA repon just rele:i.~ by lhc Oivi~ion or Environmcn1.11I Manngc.mcnt,• according lo Jonct Hoyle or the Blue Ridge Envaronmcn111I Defense l..caauc (BREDL). Ms. Hoyle fears that, though the move unprecedented. Congl'CSS could revolcc lhc design;won ot S<:cnic Rivet. •sCC3U111 lhe \ollu.:s for which (Lhe nvcrl wa.~ protected arc not being prcserved,. .. wc fear WICOntrollcd dcvdopmcru tluc:liens the dcsilJl.ltion". In resJ!Qnsc to this threat. Rep. Judy Hunt (0-Walilugl) has mt.roduccd legisl:ation IO speed 11p Ilic aqumuon of c~scments ami began in ~nest lhc tmplcmcnwtJun of the scc11.1c nvcr pbn drawn up for die l, New )'l:O.ll'S a.go. The measure~ nx:c.-cd house approval, and a·.. 1uu 11e11on 1n the Senate Envuonmenul Comnuuce. In :a pMSibly re.bled m31tct, SCllOl.IC Bill 119!\ lhc N:nural Hm~ Wll!Ct bill 1nll0dllffil by Scn:uor MIUC Blilllghl 11ofll 1ncn::isc the e.\CISC Slllmll l:l\ from Sl.()()/1000.00 tO $2.00 pct $1000 00 Under lhe new bill, COU lleS would rceei•-c S0.50 of a:h doll:ir of Ul me.om- SO.ZS WO'Jld go tO 11.':llU nnd .rcwcr do\'dapmcnt wh ' 11noL'r.:r SO 25 would go io tic: Rec~uon lllld Nat I He c Tr Fund to buy !And for g.un.bnJ f and p.uks. 1111 b II tn rt Cl lCtl S2.S mubun doll.in per )C 10 l1C d lor land aqui uum Flori , S .:!h CarollnA Summer, 1989 �Tennessee :ind Maryland :uc altcody succcsi.fully using 1l11s 1cchn1quc for preserving 1hcir nalurJI an:a.~. IfNC rtsllitllJS urr 1nltrts1td in wntawng their Stnat(Jrl rtgarding this bill, the addresJ ts: Lrgtslu11~t Building, Raf~1gh 2761 I Phone; 733-11 JI Fot r1wri! tnforfniltiOll call Jim Stt•ens (9191782-2686 or Btll Jlof""m· (919)7.Sj.J)Zi} Tt: TRANSPORTATJON I MPROVEMENT PLAN? maHers PUBLIC SERVANTS IGNORE PUBLIC Nirural Wotld Newt Scrvic11 Residcnis or Buncombe County were ou11agcd 10 discover that a suue highwoy improvement., p;ickagc included a plan for a four lane loop to run through SwannanO.'.I, lhrough Recms Creek and Ox Creek Valleys, to lhe Enka-Candler aren. Trnnsporiauon Secre13ry James Harrington said in a leuer 1.ha1 a loop around Asheville would be needed IO lmndle the mcrenscd 1n1mc from nn upgraded US 19-23. John Hill.11 resident of Ox Creek Vlllley. voiced lhcdcepconccm or oVCT 100 people who attended a planning meeting about the issue: No one asked [u:;J, or 1he people in Mudison County, wbclhcr we wnnlCd lhcir lives changed forever, or hcuvy lrucking brough1 in from the Ohio Valley, or 1f we w.inlCd rapid dcvclQpment as in lhc urblln 31'.cas.• The public feeling is that sUJtc officials could ~vc trouble and cmbanassmenl if lhcy would consult wilh locnJ rcsidcnLS befotc uying 1 force 1hrough new 0 1~ for developmea1. Natunl World News Scrvacc On April 3rd lhc state Utilities Commissmn ruled thar Duke Power Co. cnn go ahead wu.h plans for a transmission line through lhc bc:lutiful Pru11hert0wn Vnllcy in Jackson County. lhus dissolving a Scpicmbcr 1988 reslr.lining order, and ending a hard-foughl balllc by lhe Jocasee Watershed Coalition. lhc WNC Allinnce, ond the Conscrvnuon Council of North Carollnn. Thc~c groups fonnnUy prolcsltd lhe roulC lilSt year, s:iymg thal Dulc hnd not eumincd altcmativcs LO their planned route lhrough die "Yosem11e of the E.c.1", und Lhnt a proposed offer from the Tenncsse Valley Au1homy might be the:ipcr nod elunina1e lhe need for lhc tin~ Hun1cr Lovin~. co·foundcr or Ilic Rocky Sununer. 1989 own llands BeflCll Mountain We co no• wea~ l:i< 1t11ery resioen1 uomeowrl!!• or 111s1tor 10 Beech Mouniaon. however a grOWtng numoer 01 ~ .vould l1•e to 111ank you tor aoklg ,•,hal we llavP .van1eo 10 co ro1 some time bul door t ha~ 1110 nel"e You have macie our moun1a1n a more 1Jeau111u1 r.1 .. ~" '£> u.. t. vL1•1 HQO<lh;lly oaver:•sers will nave lll(lre 1cmkc' I - u oeau!ilul mo..in1ain" 11 t" .. lulure & \\ II 001 POLI.DTE th~ " 1" btl'tlOlilOS DELP STOP BILLBOARD BLIGHT Frequent only merchants who DO NOT use billboards Mounuin Institute with her husbnnd Amory, ~'Uggestcd a conference held lllst fall al Warren Wilson College t.h:i1 lhere was no need for adJitional energy cnpacily lllld lhn1 all encrllY n«Wi could be met by practicing least-cost planning and cfhc1cncy improvements which would acwally increase the profiis of the power comp:uues without incurring lhC S36 m1lhon pnce Lag of lhc line, wltich will surely be passed on to consumers. The Commission disngrc.:d wilh this :1SSC5Slllcn1. saying ·11tc evidcoce clearly ~hows that Duke c:ucfully and diligenlly planned !his projccl by examining a wi\lc :irea of Western North Carolinn, n:irrowing the poi;s1blc route nli.cmati\'CS, lllld sclccung J rou1c which m1rum1ud 1hc impact on the en11ironmen1 and cus1ing dcvelopmcni". The Commilision decreed lha1 allcm:ile roulCS suggesltd by lhe cnvironmenw.I groups were too long and 100 c.itpcnsivc. They nlso d1smi!iscd the TV A proposal, elaammg lha1 lhc TV A did not prcscn1 a pe.rsua.'ilvc :irgumen1 that its proposed rotes for Naniahala customers would be lower fl13n Duke's. A bill has been introduced 1n10 lhc NC Ocnet:ll Assembly by Rep. ~1arie Colton (D-Buncombe) which would give lhc Commission authority to review power line siung plnns. 01 SAYING "NO! " TO THE DUMP Niawrat World Ne'Nj Sav"'~ 0 CUTIING A LINE you for t~~ ino arid e 1rnma:an9 tl".e I>• !boards on Natunl World News Scrvk< Thci SS.6 billion Transporboon Improvement Plan (TIP) being heavily pushed by Govenor Jim Manin iOIS II leystone of bis "good rQ.ad$ for progress• Slll!C 1m11gc, passed 1he House of Rcpresenuuvcs. and is upec1ed 10 p:iss lbrough lhe Scruue wi1hout effcclivc oppos1lllln. The Bill culls for a massive road-building progr.lm Wilh the CVl!lltlUll goal Of bringing 0 rruuor four l:ine road "within ten miles of llny North Carohn:i n:sidcnl.• nod paving many or ttic din roads. A fow represcnt111ivcs hnvc e.xpr~d concern bccuuSj: 1he bill IGClcs lln)' mention of mnss 1rw1Sil ns n means of ll'!illsportauon unprovemcm, and lhc lawmakers may :111cmp1 t.0 block p:issage unul su!:h wording can be included Proponcois of TIP sny 11 is 100 ln1c for an~ StK:h coosidcruuon :llld l'1osc concerned should have r.uscd their objcc:tilons long ago, allCmplJng IO change lhc bill now could posslbly kill iL The bill would Ix\ fonded by a five ccn1 gas lll!I. Millly rcsidcnis. especially m Ille Kaulah region. rear lhe bill is :i prune cxrunple of ovcr-dcvclopmcru.. The ncw 1ra~-port.alion scheme would strongly mcrcnse access 10 nnd lhrough lhc mouniains and have a profOtJnd environmcnw.I and soeiul impacL l• iu~ You! Trees 1,000 feet awny from a WllStc dump :u Oak Ridge, Tenncsscc were cut down and c:imed away. because I.hey were emiuing to~ic amounts of rad1odon. Under prc.~t rcgulntions, !heir hobiull would no1 be C:OO.\idcred ll.~ ~ A1 a pubhc hearing in Madison Count)', a woman loll! lhJS sw~ and lhcn posed some simple questions 10 lhe panel of four pale men in dark suiis and one dnrk-sktnned woman repre~ung lhe North Cwobnt1 Low Level Rodio;icti~e Wasic M411agc:men1 Aulhomy. "Would you drink wai.cr from a ~pnng 1000 feet from d1t Oak Ridge nuclC3t dwnp? Would you offer this water 10 your child?" Every head on Ille panel nodded affinmllively. TI1e woman gestured IO 1hc panel and faced lhe crowd, •1 give you the cxpens on low level rndiu.'ICtive wnu: dumps!" Over 600 people, many of them obviously cld\!rly fanning couples, showed up for the forum on u Wednesday evenang, ll'lldiuonnlly church naght in Ibis predomuuntly Baptist c:ounl)'. G1'11SS roolS politics mov~ like o pr.ime lire when 3 hot ~p.irlo; wikc.s. In this- caie lhe networl 1h111 fonned lhc Cbme of public 0111.n1gc wus lhc local min1stty, Voluni.ccrs from 1.lie Mud1.;on Em·ironmcn111l Allfonce contacted muusu:r.1 who cnllcd other preacher; nnd urged ll1c1r congregaLions to exercise I.heir duty of E3flh stewardship, one of lllC precepts of lhe soulh.un Baptist cn:cd. Earlier 1n April :ing.:r flared in Jl.lacoo and Polk Coun1.ics as The Aulhomy's 1rnvcling road show, designed IA.'I soothe fcars.lllld cool u:mpcr~. found i1SClf in an equally unplc:a.'l:lni hill S.:lll. The meeung in Polk Counly dlcw more than 1,000 ouendec.s.. Local residcnis no1cd Lhe impact of lhcse meeung.s - never before had lhcy seen so ITlilllY people of hke mind a1 one l~lion. Said Polk County $hCriffs deputy Chris Abul, "I guess everybody just WDnl'I to say 'no' to lhc dump." J11nc1 Hoyle, director of Blue Ridge EnvironlllC1ll.al Defense l..cque, calls North Carolina "I.he chump of lhc SE" for staying m lhe SE Comp:icl. lhc c1gh1 SL:ltt organWiuon lhal picked Nonh Carolinn to be the recipient or lhc rcgt0n's radioactive WllSIC for lhc next 20 yC81'$. Jonci reminds us 1h.:11 some or lhe w11S1C will remain toxic for 117 million years, EnvironmCllllll1sis lhink lha1 wch state $hould h3tldle us own waste. lnsu:<ld or conuunmrumg a new aren, lhe siate's low-level mdiooctive was1es should be stored nbovc ground al nuclear puwer plnrus. which produce ~ of lhcm. nu~ way they could be monil(Jl'Cd until a va:iblc long-u:nn waslc disposal technology is developed. To dll1e, all existing dumps in lhe rnin-ricll east have lc!lked, even lhe ones drat meet r;um:nt regullltions. The Aul.horily 1s 10 come up with at least two cundid:ue locauons in Nonh Cnrolinn lau:r lhis year and to have picked a "preferred siie" by Nov, 15, 1990. Hopefully tbe loud "No• from Katuah wlll no1 only JcOec1 the dump. bu1 will also prod the ·cxpcns· to rcthinlc their nuclear policy. SOUTH CAROLINA BANS NORT H CAROLINA WASTE Natural World Ne"'s SG\'lc:c By cucutiveorder of Gov. Carroll CampbeU. as or Morch I, 1989. the •U!IC of South Carolin" has prol1ibitcd 1hc di.~~1 or was1e from :my Sllltc &hat refused ID di!i:p()S(l of the WtilC 11.scl[ The b:in elfoc:ICd 32 ~Ulles and Puc:t10 Rico. Hans1ll Truesdale, heud of the SOUlh Carolina Dcpanmeo1 of Hcallh lllld E.nvi.ronmenml Controls H:uardoUJ Wasic Division say~. "WG hope our ac;IJoos will encoUl3gc other sutcs IO move toward developing their own h:u.ardous was1e managcmen1 pro~·. In 1987. Nonh CAroht13 gcnerultd 2.8 billion pounds of l=dous wute, most or which w11S sent to ou1-0f-Slal.C disposal Cac1litles. JCotu~\ Jo1.1rna( PIMJlll 23 �(~ fmlll P11C4l Wh:it is then: 10 keep someone from •1ctung go• nnd •becoming the olh11r person~ so successfully tl\31 !hey come away from a Lls1ening Projec1 full of rc:icrionary nnhudes? Again. m Herb's mind the answer goes back to thn1 shared essence of humrurity, which is deeper than any dogma or se1 of idc:is, but i~ expressed rnther in 1em1s of vnlues. '111c antidote 10 polariz;uion :ind separation," he say~, "i\ to recognize 1he oneness or all life and oi all hum:inity. We in soc111I chMge work need to recognize that all of us, even those people 1iliho are racist or militanst or $eem like they are ou1 to desuoy the l!ruth. are a pan of the great ltfe, and within us au is !he potcnual 10 ch:inge :ind 10 let go ot old iJcas that are destr0ying life. There h definitely that potential. The source of lhat power lies in going beyond the ego and getting down to that place where things change. 'The way I en\ 1sion 11, 1s to look 111 11 person :ind 1111.a.gine them just coming out as 11 new born inf.int, That h3by isn't a r.1ciM. th:11 baby 1sn 1 n milu:inst, that b:iby doesn't w11111 to destroy the \l.Orld. Tb:11 new baby is allvc. lbnt's the essence of hum:mny Thst's in every p;:rsoo in society, -nu11's what we: arc listening for, b:i~iC31Jy. We: ;ue probing through all the cr.iziness. all the accumul:11ed ideas. th:it may h:ivc made a person into a m1l11ans1, or a r<1cis1 or an environment· destroyer, 10 find 1he essence 01 who that person is. f'or 1hc essence is good." The idcolog1cal content 1s pare, but only a pan, of .1 convers:uion. In deep listening the: process of communication 1!> the major emphasis. If a listener 1111d a resident cnn reach a poin1 where they arc each staring right into I.he other's bare and unadorned "'1111, then together they arc atl3ckm& racism, mil11arism. and 1he other 1te1J,:1tive aspects or our i:oaety for the r11C1Gm, the: nulit11nsm, iuid the rest an: the mdv.clhng fear m people's bean~ raised to a pcrm311ent place m the mstituuons of society. Hezb ~ys that, "Underlying all the problems is fear. Our b:lsic fear IS one of rejection. We \I.ant 10 be loved and rc~pcctcd. If we don't gc1 llu11 in !lie wuy we need 11, \l.C use power to get it. That's why it gets back to spiriwa.I values. h gets back to people's need to experience love, communny. caring. nnd connection. Those :ire the fundmnental needs of :ill hum:inity, lllld if we can find w:iys to make that possible for 311 people, I think all the problem~ we: ~cc: would stan d1ssolving.w "Love, community. canng. and connecuon." Herb defines his peace work in tenns of the~ values... When be speaks of ·peace; he spc:ik. of the concept in the broadest po)siblc: \Cose. He decries the divisions tha1 sometimes arise bc1ween people involved in promoting non-violence:, doing soci:ll justice work, or helping IO prc::.crvc the c:nvirunmem He fet'ls that :ictiv1sts would help their cause by ~tressing the connec1cdness o[ 1hesc 1s~uc' lie considers the penod he wotl:cd ns a youth counselor as being part of his "peacework" an.I whhes :ill people involved In 1h:u kind of healing worl.: would realm: 1hc conncction lhc:y share v.1th the pence niovcmcn1. He .s.iy!( he 1~ ''~)rkmi: for peace v.h.n he is weeding hb garden. or Poliucs is usuully perceived 3\ II sc:nes c:intpaigns 10 be c:uncd on unul the foe is vanquished and ,;dory is ~chievcd l·or llcrb, polincs 1s process .und the process 1~ nevcr-endmi;, whelhcr 11 is tor empowerment or tor he:iling. In an mfomul moment he slid, "Yeah, you know, hstening ts an incredible procc)s. I'm still trying to 1ncorpora1e 11 rr.ore d~ly in my person:il lire. 11·~ easier IO v.ork it on the political level in some ways. "What was it someone said? 'Listening is the rim let or love.' "In a sense the Listening Project actually says. 'I love: you. No mauer who you nn:, no mauer what you're doin~, l love the essence of who you nrc.' You may hate wha1 a person 1s doing, but wha1 you !lfe basically ~11y111g is 'I love yo11.' That's where listening is non-violence, too." ~ {tontillued rrocn page 10) p:1rnc1panii; m1m n:ly on 1iicinsd• ~ • thc1t own mner n:sourccs nnd ability to share llnd 'Communicate. In a very~ ~. the ~etpant... create the "orklihop ·and isn"1 this \\h:!t community 1s about anyway? Lc:anung to t;1p IOlCI our iruhv1Ju:il and group r ·sources, and to be co-crc:uors rnthcr th:m ·koocrs" nnd followcn; "? As a group rntwcs out of "pseudo-c\'lmmunny and IO\l.ard real community. it tends to pas~ through scverul d1\1Jnct phases, which Dr. Peck and I·CI.! ro:fer 10 ns "i:haos" :ind "cmpuncss" After the supcrf1Ci:1h1y nnd f.:ilsern:ss of pscudo-communny begins to \H::U- thin, conflicts begin 10 emerge, nnd pe<.>ple usU11lly lil:ln irymg w fa, convert. or ch3.0gc each Other. The rc:sulltn!l rcscnnnent llild nngcr. nobody likes being "faro"· des1ro>s nny feeltngs of group harmony (illusory as 1hcy may h;i\ e bet'n). nnd the group descend~ into confusion nnd "cha()>'". Then llfter a period of turmoil and soul·sean:hmg. group members gradually lc:im ·"uh the tacditntors cxcnsion31 guidance • 10 let go or lhcir prcconcc1vcd 1de:i~. expccunons, IUld pcrsonal agendas. They begin 10 emp1y themselves of these b.'lrriers and blocks, which have kept them lt:cling ~p!lr.lte :ind un:lble 10 Just be tlrere with the others. Thh cmpcying process cnn be d1fl icult and painful . but on the other side of this "valley ot the: shadow of death" lies the cxpc;ncncc or Peace. ot JUSt Being. ,1nd listening, and sharing m co11unun11y ·an CKpenence that seems to eocomp3Ss all oppo~itcs and embraces joy and sorro''. nll kind) of religious ei1pn:ss1on anJ 11thtism. activity and rcccpu-.ity, love and feat. Although a panicubr group m3Y noc rellCh a sustained c~pericncc of genuine community (qwic ~!ten. groups tend to re' en b3clc 10 cha()) 11ntl/or pseudo-community ~incc these modes ol rc:bung 11re more familiar and, in a sense. ~fer· though not really), every group goe.1. throug~ an emptying process and at least touches on, or Wp!> into, the Bemgncss of commum1y. ( Having auended one of thei.c v.eckcnd worhbops, thi' "ritcr can auesl 10 the :iccur:icy of 1he abc)\'e dcscripuon I Xa1uiU1 Journn! pCUJC 2·1 "Through 1he power of gewune commzmity, "e 1ccl to offer opportumries for peopfo 10 brufgc tliffcrc11ces mid reco11cilc c·miflzcts u uh a11thr11ucit) anc/ 111tegrity " ln :idd111on to 1has pnnury fe>..--us, FCE 1s alw m the process of elp:uuimg its focus on comm11nily 11etworbng nnJ refcrra.I servu:c:s. The gwl 1s to pre.wide n~sht11Kc and d1ra "t1on for people v. ho an: seeking to lmk up wtth other; for a ~ctlic purpose, or arc 1C:UChing for community organiz.iuons or groups that c:in asSJSI 1hem m their hc:lling, le:1ming. grov.th, nnd/or sharing. The unllcrlymg recog11lt1on here IS thM rcr~ "1s not 311 1sol:11ed phenomenon, but nithcr a pan of what might be called the community movement" • 11 movement initiated by such group~ as Alchoholics Anonymous nnd ib t\\lelve siep program, the growth of social :tc1ion groups, and the women's movement. l'CE i~ thu~ engaged 1n su:ad1ly bu1ld1ng new links· and sm:nglhcnlng e)tl,Ung ones· in the hv1ng mterconncctcd chllin of community "·hic.h may prove to be.-, m truth, our s;ilvauon. For funhcr mform.1uon about FCE and its umnnunuy Building Wort..~hops, cont.1ct: The Fouo<hltion for Community Encuun1gemenl, Inc:. 7616 Glc:iwn Road KnO%\ille, T~ 379l9 -~ (615) 690-43~ p · Summtr. t 989 �We had some visitors from the Soviet Union. They wanted to make friends with us. We wanted to understand them... Crystal Peace means that I am loved ...Alyson from a drawing by Alyson and Crystal Peace is love peace is caring peace is sharing. If I didn't have any peace, it wouldn't be any peace in my heart .......... Beth 1 I Peace means to be a friend to me Peace means to be kind to others Peace means to be nice to others Peace means harmony to me ....Virg1 nia Peace is like Flying in The sky ........Justin Peace means not hurting animals.... Sefton Peace is loveing and harmony and careing for others and animals. I love cats........Star These are some respo11ses w the l.lhat. ls Pce1ce? Coruest held ar Aslievil/e Altemarive School, an experimental public school in Asheville, Nc>rtlr Carolina. Organized Olld compiled by Abby Bird. age 11 Kstuah's Cliildre11's Page Editor l<.At1.1uf1 )01.lT!'lUt p!UJ~ 25 from a drawing by Virginia Summc.r. 1Q89 j �TIP/ F.ROS Your womb wraps around me, encloses II.lid holds and keeps me, nnJ lets me come nnd co. in and out. DRUMMING Gomg out, away from your bcanh,.)our embrace I JOumcy 1n ecstasy, and I live in p;im. lETIE RS TO Kt\ TUi\H I am Earth walking on Earth, worlds I am or micro :ind rtl3CTO cosmos. wali.ing through. I glimpse the dn:3m - enthralled. in awe. 1n rapture • then lose 11.~aod wander about. .. lost in Isolauon - desolation - despair. Dear Katuah, L011JS OF Tiil! HEART: Coming soon to a mounuun valley near you - 8.6 billion dollars worth of road consuuc1ion. Thats right, Nonh Carolina Governor Jim M.utin wants all of his c11iunry co be within 10 mile$ of a four·hnc wpcrh1ghw:1y, and. 1f by chance you're hindered by a du!>ty ol' travel road - don't worry - he want) to pave those, 100. Access 1s but a n1ckel·a·gallon g:u-tu increase away, so h11 saving North Carolina's reputation as a ·good roads for progre~ sta1e• is a freebie. Say you're not sure about all th1\'>? Ughtcn up. Those who ~tanJ 10 profit the most politically and financs:illy (our mayors, our county comnuu1oncrs, and the independent Chambers of Commerce) have been lobbying your state legisl310~ to push h:ud for the passage of the new slllle •Transponauon Improvement Plan (TIP)." Why, shoot, 11's already p:issed the Uouse and with :ill the hand shakm' and back ~lappin' between this country club governor and the aforc·mcnuoncd 5pccial 1111en:,ts. the Senate will surely figure that the: whole \Hile i~ bclund TIP, Slow down? Come oft 1t. Secretary of Tran5portation Jim llumngton and h1' \hop arc alrc;idy two Mcp:. ahtlld. Not only dOC$ he kno~ the governor personally. but he's had m:ips pn:pmd that will prevent confusion 1 the lcx:il dcclston-m:lling level. :o;o need to worry about \\'ho's gomg where \\ith this TIP! So, \\Ith this much 1ns1ght into )Our future. don t lose another nlght s sleep Raleigh lus once again grasped the moment and fulffiled our needs: our need for a hl&h gas w; our need for greater DCCeSS for more and mon: outlandCIS; our need for mon: highway traft11c, Including hazMdous waste b~ed ea.~t. and our need for increased development prenurcs along sull unpubllcir.cd hii;hway comdors. Why, r.hoot, there's no need 10 fuss' r.;o need 10 look ror a bus' C1vthwion rn all ih urb:ln glory v.ill soon be as close as the nc:1:1 ex11. Your Valley, KAtlWI Province, Southcm Appalachb. USA. 01' Rl1Stus Kutw1h )ourn"t p119e 211 To go naked on thh ~. To m3kc a soft bed In the fragrance of pmc needles To open an eye To the d.uk cool of night And the brilliance of ~13.J"5 To "'-:ilk m the sun's cares:. On bare ~houldcr.t. To cat wild strawberries And golden com. To drink Of pure, cold mounun stre~. And bathe tn tumbling occ:ms. To wau:h and wonder. To be a pan of this hvmg E:i.nh. So v.hy Do I measure out my hfc Jn shOpPmg malls anJ ban~ Jn hosp11..tls and cars And air-conditioning, Jn the v1olcncc ol ciucs '! The wisdom or 1hc uboriginc, The Pcn:in, the Kuna, the llopr. • ,\fury d~ /,a \'ulet1t: Government lsnnold nun Onhts knee,:, With dry, shn~ cited bps Then I enter you again: I come in.•.seeking... nccding your c:mbrncc, renewal-rcdi:.covcry-rebinh. Your womb encloses me, holds me tight, indulges me in bliss. in sleep, in cirummg I awake still within you, lounge !>wec1 moments in between, then slip OUI of you i;emly, bravely then 10 face· perhaps cmbnce - the new light - ktnr Dear Ka11Wl. Ple:ise include my name on your m3iling hst for the • Biorcgional Journal of lite Southern Appalachians." I am a firm ?el1~ver 1n bioregionnli:.m and hope that by JOmrng your cnu~e that I can help deliver a message that so urgently needs to be heard. I um n graduate from Texas A&M Un1vem1y with a degree in Forc~try and I am currcntly a member of the Green Party. I would hkc 10 sum a correspondence with other concerned pcnons living in the Asheville area, and tf 1 can be of any assistance to your orgnm1.:111on please let me know. Sincerely, , W. Eric Becker 7408 LunilllS Lane (1132) Pcrry~rg. OH 43SS1 Rcce~scd To R:\'e.tl thc roots of h1~ teeth. He kneels At the hc:Jld 01 some SU!Jl'S Which lc:id up to a place or sancwary And sells wind up sold1cn To a young boy Bothcm:I by the old nun's Gummy smile. • 11111 llouser C/984 Dear Kaulah, Sure have missed getting the Kau'i:lh. Thank you so much ror your enlightened onJ rn1clhgcnt coverage of our region. Such a blessed rehcf lrom the nightly news, newspapers and such. Lo1.-e the idea of cictcndal wildemcs~ areas. and .,.ouldn"l 11 be neat and umcly 10 have bicycle and toot paths 10 crisscross all the mt~ ("'here po~blc ?) Love, Kalinda Wycoff Sumrtlct, 19811 �HELLO? HELLOl Poems offering seldom have I lhought about this by Charles Rampp begins with M e - everything seems gift for Me. enjoyment but it also ends here unless We make it rules. real I by touching ever so gently its opposites. harmless sparks matches fingers' air grip and l'rn dancing light , joyous. to see that we nre doing an issue on Peace what it means and w~t ii can mean. 1 would like to add a note of tl1anks to all the people who have resisted the contagious call to wnr most dirc4ldy by not becoming soldiers. Either by doing an Alternative Service to military "service". by deciding to dissociate from military "service" while in it, or.refusing 10 panicipate with it in any way 10 the first pince, Conscientious Objectors deserve a song of gratitude wbich springs from some of the deep, moving pools of integrity that can flow from the human psyche. If an individual hears from an inner voice that "militarism is wrong" or that it "denies the sacredness of life" or "the enemy is us" or "violence begets violence" and acts on this voice by doing nothing, or not participating in the further disruption of life, or by doing something to try, beyond violence, to change the medium of forces that createS the disruption - perhaps, we are permitting oun;elves to accept responsiblity for tlte horrors we have made for each other and allow conflict resolution to happen. Too often we have let the chaos of wnr, or suspected war, determine the rest of the pauem for human and non-human being. There is also a sea of great sorrow to be recognized for the many people who have died in the ebb of violent authority and its many manifestations. Those who hnve protested or objec1ed to brutality ll!'ld discrimination and come to futal blows with ils way, the innocem who have been killed, and the unconscionable wru.te of human life to attempt to prove group or individual power all have something to teach us: we are coming to a climax ns a species. from which we must find decisive ways of social order that acknowledge diversity. symbiosis, ond the human shadow as panners within the biosphe~ and ii:; 1en11city. - Rob Messick of Peace First! • Oy, cold ,whisking light's compassionate malh like a matador"s cloak across a turtle's nose It is a joy ... Summu, 1989 IN o. WC>l"k:I \~v.£.-lo QJT LAW u.>o.r,-t.o rv'\QM. pto..cd' peace lntely. suddenly My hand finds emptyness in pockets \ If +hut. 1$ Q.""i ONt. LE.ft A LIV£' ID LtKE tc u.ntu wt*.h ~ To Lhe &iitors: .In reac~ion to Exxon's role in the recent oil spill, I d~cadcd to return my credit cards and to. boycott JtS products. J run hoping that this might become a mass tactic if enough consumers ~ill ~~ow ,th.c~r rejection of corporate 111sens1uv11y by JOming. Enclosed is my letter 10 the president of Exxon. For ecological snn11y, rreside111. Daniel Gruham Ex.xnn Company Chapel Hill, NC M.Qma 's SoNiJ . P.O. 80:1: I 322 llou.sron. TX 77251 Cl!orl..es of Zacfu:.rlJ movi."'} f o nvard. lnto raln , stn9ln9 cta.morol.ls marches of oCcf. hu0\1S, a nc! thunder i;rl.es 0 1.lL n&r tra9tca£ name wni!~ lM drops p ta.IJ a j anci.f uC LUM , a nd fuird. they com e down to JaU. upon u s aCC w asps anc! mop~s . c!andcli.ons , d.ai.s i4:S, tetri.ers , t4b&i.es, &ws, co1vs, f;eans , otd. roof s, odd. st.ones, a ncl you! Get w e&., my son, I had bun looking forward 10 rtuiving my E:uon credit cord, l>ur ofter rhe slwmrfu/ way :f(>Uf company ucred in tltt u cenr oil spill. I co11 M longer acctpr ii . It lws becomr: r/cal' from \larlous m:wJ uport., 1/uu company was not rtady for o spill thr.f JIU, an.I /uu cut bad on vuaf emergency plans, This 1111111 disregard fur l>/J/' comuwn licrirwgt is poor c111rr:nship and 1/are111e1u rlre frog1lt lltl.tJSl<:m iLwlf. I am returning my cudir curds aJ11.l 1<ilt urge 1lll my ftithds and organua110MI t ontcurs to do till' same 1U11il your comp1111y realius that 1hr comnwn gtiod of tht planet i.s much more 1mponan1 1l:m1 the rlror1-1crm prr.'fits t{ your l.QtporUJwn )'<I'" f i.nd JOY i.n the downpo ur I tkaven s:ends iL, ca.rt.Si n:cc~ves U., so w a c!r Lnfl. LL, w ash uur &ocCLe$, quench our s plrHs, and. &y the 9L 9, tt.ve. vi.n GeL Lir~. m y d.or(lnCJ. a nd keep LL wLth you Ln l.M dri.u wtUU:rm:ss of C19e. a rcmcm&ue.c! surnm u·s 1£ci11 w hen you were Le•~ ancL w l th you r rtothu and she saM!, "Yi.sl" llo ouL and. pta.y W\ a.he r a\.n, ln a spouL of Ci£luld. 9Cor 1J thaL f or9Lv"5 our sl u&&ornesio. Say "Ycsl- . ~r Zac:fmr 11, us you S~"'J yo'4r warn.or 's SOnlJ• sa11 ··yes!" a nd "Yi:sl ~ C19uin. M1gh1y smuuly, (.flgn~) - 1'Lcf.anl• Bridl)~ Drawing on tins page by MIOILina Herring, drawmg on prcc;cdtn& poac by Chll<ld Hugey. Both for ·v,.,ons of Pc.ooio" con'"'- Jackson County p......, Nc1..,01k. Kutuah )ou.rna.t pa9.; 27 �eveors JUNE 18 FRANKLIN, NC Oury Bonnelle specking on •The Ascension Principle.• Mounuun l.igbl Network. 2 pm Dl M:icoo Community Ccnlet. Hwy. 441. For more info. call: (40l) 746-2454 llOT SPRJNGS, NC 'Wind Swirls lhc Low.~ l...cuvcs: 1':u Chi lnterptay• with J11y Dunbar and K3Lhlecn Cu!rick. Exercises for mdividuals nod partn¢rs m r11i Chi Ch'Ullll, a Chlne:ic mn11inl Ml end moving mcduallon. No experience, no pnnncr needed Prc-regisicr. SOO. Soullicm Dharmo Rcll'Clll Ccn1a, see 6(.30.7(1. 21·23 HIGHLANDS, NC Workshop, •Techniques for Nature Phoiograophcrs" with Gil Leebrick. Bm Len. wildlife photographer, and bomnist Sill Wylde. S250 includes accommodations. Appalachian Environmenl!ll Ans Center. Box S80: Highlands. NC 28741 (704) .526-4303. 26-30 GOODE, VA Chllnnnel Mel&Y at vortexes 1111d sacred sites in the northern Blue R1dic w11h Rev. Daniel Chesbro, Tom Williams. Pilot MounLllin, Peaks ol OllCr, New River, Fairy Stone Parl.. "lmportnnl work ioward cxp:inding lhc Light." Confon:n.::e, lodging S225. Pre-register. Rt. I, Box 310·A: Goode. VA 24556 '30-7n 26-30 21·25 HOT SPRINGS, NC ·seven Day Zen Soul Recharge• with Sandy Oentai Stewurt. abbot of Squifrel M1'n. Zcndo, Piusboro, NC. Prc·regrsu:r: S 160. S1;>u1hern Dbarma Retre111 Cenicr: RL 1. B()lt 34-H: HOt Springs, NC 28743. HI G ll l.AN DS, NC "Landscape Pho1ogrnphy m 1hc Blue Ridge." large f01tOa1 camera workshop with 0111.c.ebrick :md Sllln Tomi la. S2SO. See 6'21-25. 28-30 HOT SPRl NGS , NC Vipass:ano Mcditntion with Cirol Wilson Pre.register: S70. Southern Dhnrma Rc1rt:at CcnLCr, see 6/30..7fl. JULY ASli EVlLLE, NC "Mounlllin Sweet Talk; a 1wo-ac1 play fe:uuring The Folktellcrs, Barbara Freeman am.I Connie Rcg:lln·Bhuce. The play feriturcs stories and music of Appalachia presented by two very accomphshcd pcrfom1ers. 8 pm ThUl'Sll:iys through S:uurdays. 3 pm Sundays a1 lhc Folk An Center Theatre, caM of A!ihevillc. milepost 382 on lhe Blue Ridge Parkway. Ticket\ SlO, S8 in advance at MalJprop's. l-8/13 6-8 LINVILLE, NC J41h Annual Grundfother Mountain Highhmd Games. Piping and drumming, lhghland dancing. S~ottish alhlctic$. harp, fiddle. tr:lCk and field, ttilidh For more info, wrilC Grnndfa1hcr Mounw.in; Bo" 128; Linville. NC 28646 7-9 NEW MARKF.'r, 1 N STP (Slop the Poisoning) School uL the H1ghland.:t CcnlA:f. Tactics. strJlcgy, 1111d nc:twurkini; for lh05e wocking LO stop industrial polluoon. Prc-rcg1su:r. C:!ll Highlandu 01 C6JS) 933·3443. 12-16 lll Ci ll l.Al'\OS, 'llC "Edible V1s1ons· worksho11 un food pl101ogniphy. Wild foods lor:ig1ng. Mllrlha Strawn. Head of Phologr.1phy. UNC·ChJrluuc. S250 Sec 6/21-~5. 19.23 lllGHLANDS, !\C "l.lllld 3nd l'cuplo: A Dcs1g" AppnXll:h• pho1ogm11h> worl.slmp wi1h Jay Dus:ird S2!i0. See W.Zl-25. ~•Luuh )ounmt JHlfJC 28 AUGUST llOT SPR INGS. NC Vipassano McdiLJtion with John OrT. Prc·registcr: S60. Soulihlm Dhnrmn Rcttc:it Center, s.:c 6/30-?n. 4-6 LAUR INUURG, NC The Summer lnsu1u1c on ·Tc:iching ConOict Resolution. sponsored by Ptofcssional D<l"clopmcnl Team. "Conflict i.s fXl" of living /1 can /Nd IQ ~10/mu and ck11ruc11on Or, 1hrougl1 rraming and pracuu, -..·~can /tarn IQ wtluc conf/ir1 as an opportumty for clwngt and i:ro-..ith." S:J.10 1ncludcs room and tioard.Wrnc to: NCCPE/NC-ESR. 214 Piiuboro St.. Ch:lpcl Htll, NC 27516. Dr:iwing by Rob Messick WAYNESVI LLE, NC ·Techniques for P-crso"nl Sclf·Transfonnntion" with Bing Esaudoro. S1il-l.igh1 Rcucnt Ccn1cr; RL l. Box 32~: Waynesville, NC 28786 (704) 452-4569. 23·27 25-27 NEW MARKET, TN STP (Stop lbc Pois0ning) School 3t the Highlander Center. Tactics. str:11cgy. and nc1worklng for those wor¥ing lO stop mdusltial pollution. .Prc·cegistcr. Call Highlnndern1 (61S) 933-3443. HlGHLANDS, NC •women's Adventure Weekend" • bnck.·packing, visuati1.0tion. relPation wllh Nnncy Shaw Discussion; lier Mo1hu·~ Daughter For info, write The Mount.1in; 841 Hwy 106; H1~hla11ds, NC 28741. 25-27 f>.11 9-13 lllGUl.Al\OS, NC "Ahcmattvc Londscapc· • pho1egn1phy wo1kshop with M;anlyn Bridges. author/photogr.apbct of Morlm1gs: AeTlal t'ic11 $ oj Sar.red lAndscupa. Tran~cending the u~u:il w;iy of pcri:civing the environment IO :irrwe aJ new way$ UJ whicli 10 view the Earth. S250. See 6121-2S. 18·20 uo·r SPRl ... GS. NC Three I.ilks on "Zen and Western Philosophy" by l..ou f'ior.h1rom. PhD. ord;uncd Ztn monk formerly wi1h the Ztn C"111m11n1I) ol NY l'rc·rcgutcr: S.7.5. S ;u1hc:1n l>hQrll\ll Rc1rca1 Ccnttr. $<.'C fi/30-7(1. SEPTEMBER 1-4 ll OT SPRINGS, NC Mindfulnc~s Mcdiution and Everyday Life: Rclntionships and SeAualily wilh Sui;an AugcMtcin. "MinJ/Mfncs, m~diturion endbl~s u..• to src life IJJ II (ICllUJl/y is Ill ,,, IOtality • Ptc-rcgi~ti:r: 590. Southern OharmJ Rcirc.a1 Center, sec 6/30-7n. 1.5·17 WAYM-.SVI LLE. "C Thc Pr.ii;11cc of ·n1Ct:1pcutic Touch" with SuL1 Ccrmak1~. S11l-Ught Rc11ca1 Center: Rt. I. Box 326: Wa)111:svillc. NC 28786 (70-IJ .!52-4569. 0 1'1·'22 ,\Slll,VILl.1~, NC tn1crn11tu>n,1t C1111fu, nu en l'mlcways, Gr(tntH1J1. or.ii R1vcr..c1ys l lit 11'.-v \fort Btriu11jul llihon Inn f're·regmrauon r~q111rcJ fill more mfo, Cllll t\pp::il;1,h1an Con~nau1n ('7Qel) 2C.2·2CJ6.$. Su1111nc1, 191}9 �~Water Sys1em1 WATER PURIFICATION EQUIPMENT SOLAR PRODUCTS Mamber NC Waler Ouallly As50C1a11on HWY 107 RANDAL!. C LANIER RT 68 BOX 125 704·293-5912 CULLOWHEE, NC 28723 (704) 26+-7242 31 S E. King Street, Boone NC 28607 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-'-~~~~ Clti11ue "''11p1111ct11re DESIGNS b~ "' n t:D'LC'LN'.E A.LL'L'.ES Jlerllgiglll Cli11it Rob :'.. l~s~ic k lllustmlion & Dt>~1~n in Pen & Ink and color«< l Pc·n•il Mil llARY RADIOACI IVE LANDFILLS This c1l11<•n g111dt• I~ 1h1 htst compl"l'hcrwve wn cy ol tht rud1<>il(Cb\·c (ontaminallon •••used b> th' pn>du<l1<>n .,1 m1dl'1r ''"~P•ln' Vr1111/y Urfrnst nplJms h<Jw nu<l.:Jr weapoM 4t< madl' hl1W rddh»lrh\'<.' "'~''" '' gt·1wra11-d, Jnd whl'rc lhl' ronlJm1nJtl1111 I• >prc,1d1ng; the 16 pnnMn nudcar \\ ,)..trcm-.. JJi.,litic,. •re ,•x.01m1rh..J tn • d1•t.11I In dddlunn tu ttu murt· than bO mdP", di.,gr.im' phoh._, and 1o1bl1» In th1~ li't}.p.1gcbt1<.1lo., t>Mh 11r.:kr ".l«ompan11"ll "' a dr.1ma11c ~-«ulur II" 22 m.tp shl1wtni; lran•p.. r1,111t111 mu It's u<t.J in lh•• m.111Ufo(· tu r, u1 nucl"·.u \\ .:apon' To ordt•r, >•.'0•1 :>I~ lo L•lt•r.ilurt· Pepi , K.1d10.I• W,,_t, ( ollllj'.llJlll, N'"' Y<or~ , ='' IXll2 Ill,. !>~5 llJ'UJd\\'d\ , 2nd floor "''-=.... .=..,~ 'I I~ ~~ BARE.ESSENTIALS :J .... Natural Foods .... Organic Produce Biodegradable Diapers •: Bulk Herbs, Spices, & Grains :. Vitamins & Supplements Wheat, Salt, & Yeast-Free Foods Dairy Substitutes •: H air & Skin Care Products :. lu 200 West Kini! Street. Boone NC 28607 Ill ~ \.... ~~"=" 704-264-5220 ~· In 1bc 11adiuonal Cherokee Indian belief, the cremurcs in the world 1odny an: only diminuiuvc fonns of the mythic beings who once inhabilcd the world. but who now re$idc in Galuna'li, the spirit world, the hlghCSl hca~cn. Bui a few of the original powers broke lhrough lhe spirilU31 bamcr and .:itlSI yet ln lhe world as we know •L These beings 111e c:lllcd wilh revcn:nce "grundfathc.rs" And of 1hcm. the suongcst 111c KQl\Qti. the lighllling, the power of the sky; Uis:i'na1i, I.he raulesnake. who personifies the power or the earth plane; and Yunwi Usdi, "the liule mnn", as ginseng is culled in the sncnd ceremonies. whodr.iws up power from lhc underworld. Each LS the sllongest power m its own domwn. Togclhcr they arc :iUics: their cncrg.ies complement each other to ronn an even grca1tr power. As medicine allies, they repl'\!SCnt the healing pQwcrs or the Appalnehian Mount:iios. The medicine powers of K!!ltiilh have bctn depicted m 11 striking T-shirt design by Ibby Kenna. Printed in 4-color silkscreen by Ridgcrunner Naturals on top quality. all-couon shins, they~ &\·ailnble now in 311 odu.11 si1.cs through the Kalanu bio.regioWll mall-order supplier. Onler shirlS from: KRL RNU Box 282: Sylv;:i, NC Ka1Uah Province 28779 Plc:ise specify ~1.e: Sm., Med., lg., X-Lg. _J~ Cost: S9.50. 111Cludcs ~ge (NC raidcna plo:ae .xi S~ ulC$ LU.) -~~~ 'PJ~e,, 'JWJ\!WI 'Naty.r~ KRLANU T·SHIRTS. SWEATSHIRTS For ADULTS and CHILDREN BIOREGIONRL BOOKS ANO TOOLS FOR LI UING IN APPALACHIA ORIGINAL HAND·PRINTED NAT URE DESIGNS CALL or WAITE IOI' FREE COLOR CATALOG Natural Food Store & Dell TI11: bc$t ICJlt on 0.:Cp Ecolo y. Saacd Land Sncred Sex. Rapture 160 Bl'OIM1Wsy Ashevllle, NC 28801 Whef'9 ~ tNeta t.llrrlmon Ave & J..2«> or Lbe Deep by o,iton:s l:lOrnpcllc wt' ~lror:.Jd bf! glad 1/wrw<' l'.a•cJ uuchcrJ.Judi as Dolum iAG/iapellt • • Kli!Ual1 J0111ll3112J OPEN 7 DAYS A WEEK Monday-s.tulday: llam·Spnt Soodsy; lpm-Spm P. Q S\4rn rner, 1989 S23.00 (l'ricco lncludcsJIOlb£<!) r.:a OrJu[rom: KflLRNU Bo~ 182, s,l•a, NC, KDI~ Pr"'·'nt:" ~'C ,~,,/Lille ..,t,f j~ .~Ja 28189 �DRUMS· Custom handcrafted ctramic dumbccks &; wooden medicine drums. Call Joe Roberts al (704} 258-1038 or write to: n8 Town Mountain Rd.; Asheville, NC ~- ALTERNATIVE COMMUNITY on beautiful land nc:lf Cherokee, NC scclr.ing families dc.<;iring gr;:41cr cooperauon and sclf-wfficiency. Based on Spiriwal and ccolog1cal values. Propcny now av:iilablc. Call (404) 778-8754 ror info. Tht NatiqnQ/ Dlrtclor;y of Hollmc Practi1ion.tr1. llt!oltrs, Schools. Centers, and Rttrc.its is looking for listings. Make your skills nv:ulablc. Prices and more info on re11uc~t: MichJcl Rosenblum: The Notional Directory.... ; P.O. BoA I'.!733; GaincsviUe, FL 32604 FOREST BIOLOGIST • PhD. to teach corw:rv:ulon, pllllll i.:u<onomy, gcncrlll biology, wpcrvisc work crew (studenlS) m mo.nugemcn1 of 600 acres of college foco:i;L Rescarclt with undergrads encouraged Send resumt io: V. Collins: W11rren Wilson College: 701 W11min Wilson Rd.: Swannanoo. NC 28n8 THE VITAL CONNECTION WANTED. LANO in We$tem NC. Family seeks 5 or more acres. preferably ni:ar Cullowhcc, m preserve :uid eventually inhabit If you have or know of al!ord:iblc lmld, con1ac1 Bob wid Mary 0Jvis; 213 Wcsunoreland Ct.; Ccorgetown, KY 40324 (502) 863-4267 Long Bn1nch Center needs ~olurucctS{mtcrns 10 help w1111 orc:h:1rds. gllrdens, farmwock, rainbow trou1, cncrgy-cfficienl bwlding, cnvironmenuiVwiJdlifc/pcrmacuhure issues nnd orgamring. Room and board negoti3ble. Paul Gallimore: LBEEC; Rt. 2. Box 132; Lcic;c:;ter, NC 28748 rituals, roles, :ind relationships from I.he on:hctypul memory of the pnst., present, and future. S3 to Colleen Redman: One Song Scribe; l;loic 634; Floyd, VA 2A091. M. TREE DESIGNS: lllustrauo11~ and Dc~ign • Beyond the p:ige> of I.his JOU!nill, J worJ. m pencil, colored pencil. ink, cul p3pcr, uml batik. Fine and graphic :ut IO express and enhance nur lives. Logcx, brochures, book.,, portraiture, window :md wall h:ingings. Contact Manha Tree (70-1) 754-«>97. SUMMER CAMP· June 19·30, ages 6-10; Jul)' 1(}.22. ngus 11+ in th~ mounwms o{ MaJ1"°n Co.. NC. Raising the ccolog1Clll consc1ousncss or ruiurc gcncr:mons. For info, wnlC: John or Dory Brown; RL I, Boir. 84·B: HOI Springs, NC 28743. ALTERNATIVE COMMUNITY m lhe Smoky Mt'nt. of east TN. 10 acres wi1h creek. springs, views, good nc1ghbor$. Be 11 p-.irt for S8500. Dill Leslie (615) 4S3· IS38. STIL·LICHT THEOSOPHICAL RETREAT CENTER • a quic1 space for Jll!tSonnl mcdi1111ion, group inu:rocuon lhrough study, and communit)· work. and ~-pirituul semlll!ln>. Contacl l..eQn Fcankcl; RL I, Box 326: W11> oesvillc, NC 28786. ECO-HELP NEEDED Environmental Educa11on Tl/£ PEOPLE OF Tl/£ ONE SONG • booklet or SlOrieS and poems that tell or the people's dreams, EUSTACE CONWAY· Guide and teacher or primiuve E:uth Skills with emph:isis on fire building, ludo tanning. ~helter, nnd foraging. He lenchcs at 11ubhc schools, park~. c:nv1ronmcnwl centers. and classes or ntl kinds. For more 1nfom13ll0l'I contact him ill: 602 Deerwood Drive, G:i."lonia, NC 280114 or c:n1I Allcin St:llllcy :it (704) 872-7972 ADVENTURE FOODS • dehydrated foods for people who work or play 1n 1he groat ouldoors. Entree> and Jide dtsli~. Send for menu and prices. Jemi's O:irden Greats: tu. 2, Box 276; WhittiC!l", NC 28789 (7CV.) 497..4113. MOTHER'S BREATH HERBAL PRODUCTS high quali1y herbal cxll'tlcis. ointments, and oils, lovingly created. Send for free brochure 10 Rt. 2, Box 251: Vila.~. NC 28692 JOURNEY INTO THE SUCK.ROCK Wilderness Arca. Boy~. fo1.her-son, rau1cr-<bughiu ellpcditions. Learn obscJValJOll and woodcraft in the deep woods. Burt Kornegay, C><pcricnced guide. Slickrock Expeditions; Box 1214; Cullowhcc, NC 28723. MOON DANCE PARM HERBALS· herbal salve.~. tincture~ . .t oils for birthing &; family health. Rlr brochure, plea~ write: Moon Dance F31m; Rt I, Box 726: H.lmpt0n, TN 37658 FEEL EARTH beneath yoor feet - wear moccasins. Custom, r.mdilion:ll Plains lndlan style of ellcskin. S50 adull: S35 chlldtcn; SIS baby. Send foet tracing to: P<1tricl Clark.: 47 Panol:i: Asheville.. NC 28801 or co.II 2S t !!250. ADOPT-A· TREE. Trees are the gte:lt consc.rY!ltors of the pllntL The Adopt-A·Tree program will bc:lp mnkc the viUll connection ~wC(ll individual people and mdividwl ttccs. Don:itioru acccpied. For more mfo, wnte to Box 144. Sugar Grove, NC 28679 SKINFOODS • fresh. hund-mado herbal skin prcp;u-:uions a1 to:01$0nable prlc~ Send for price lbt: 106 E. Main St.: John~ City TN 37601 LEAD TESTS • h yuur plumbtng leaching IClld into )"Our dnnlingwal.C'r? Find out for sure • lcad·testing Int from the non-profit Clean W::ucr F~nd or NC. All you nc.;J for 512. Send a check w/ nJmc and address to CWF; 138 E. Chcstnul SL: Asheville, NC 28801 poisonou~ HAND-CARVED WOODSPIRITS, mystical hilung staffs, ;ind w:tll hangings by St.eve DullClln. For br«hurt, plca.-;c write Wb1ppoorw11l Studio; Rt 4, Box 981; Marion, NC 28752. FOUR WINOS VILLAGE • health and sp1t11ual rctre11t: home for chd.Jren m need. For VlSiting mfo.. write· Box 112; Tiger~ CA 30S76. ORGANIC FERTILIZERS. herbs, and organiClllly-gruwn. IDC:il produce 31 the WNC Farmc~· ~1.id:ct! Look for the Fairgkn Farms sun, uniL~ F and C 1n the wholc-<ak area ol lhc Farmrrs' M;irket: 570 Brevard Rd.~ A~hcvillc, NC (70.l) 252-4414 NEEDED: CHILO-LOVING PERSON who loves lO cook to be a nanny and housekeeper for my four children. Hows, wages neg01iable. Rm. t1nd bd. available. Asheville are<1. Cnll Morgan (704) 689-5382. RM DESIGNS · I use the media or pencils. colored gou::iche. pen and ink, and photography m cre:itmg unique line :md grnphic nn I cnn make di11gr:1111~. logo!<, fini~hcd prints, nnd dei;igns ror brochures, <:alcndcrs. cards, book.$. eic. Mandal!ll nnd symbuls nre my tendency among OLhcr s1ylcs. Contacl Rob Mess1rlc (704) 7>1-6097. pencil~. ARTS CAMP • nn intcgrutcd ;in c~p¢ricncc for cluldrcn 4-14 at Marshall Primary School monungs. Chiltlrcn's Ans tn lhc MounuuJl.'I. For schcdul~ mro. call BclSCy StllQChaJ ut {70-1) 689-4699 or El11..:ibcUI Roberts :u (70l) 2S!l-8647. EARTH REACH EDUCATION ASSOCIA TIOI' ltJching prin1111ve skills to c.bildNn and adulLS. Robert Marun, Jr. 11nd Jeanne Moore: Rt. I, Box 178-A: Fcrrum, VA 24088. GREENS BIBLIOGRAPHY over 800 entries on tho: intcmimonol Green pntt.ies 11nd movcmcru. SS {domcst", include! postage) w J;iy Michael Ochs: 443 Mnrkc1 SL: Williamspon. PA 17701. WE.BWORKING 1~ tree. Sent.I submissions Ul: Kotc<ah Journal P.O. Boll 638 Lc1cc.~1cr, NC Katuah Province 28748 Si.unmt:r. 1989 �The KatUtih Journal wants 10 communica1c your thoughts and feelings 10 the other people in the bioregional province. Send them 10 us as letters, poems, stories, anicles. drawings, or pho1ographs, etc. Please send your contributions to us at: KatUah Journal; P. 0. Box 638: Leicester, NC: Katuah Province 28748. ISSUE THREE- SPRING 1984 Siutainabl4 Agricul1111c. Sunnowcts • Human lmp•cl on th1t Forc!l'.I - Childrcns' Edue&1lon Veronica Nicholu:Wonum in Politics • Uulc People-Medicine Allies Wild habitat is disappearing. The wild creatures are disappearing and wilJ be gone unless brave humans Ulke note and act. The imponance of habitat to biodiversity and the effect of human beings on the natuml systems in Southern Appalachia will be the topic of the foll issue of the KatUah Journal. For aUthings wild! Topics for funher issues include Children; Wellness; and Crealing Nurturing Cultures. Please send ideas, suggestions, anwork, and possible anicles on these and other subjects. BACK ISSUES OF KATUAH AVAILABLE ISSUE SIXTEEN· Swnmcr 1987 Helen Wal10 • Poem: Vls1ons in a Oudcn • Virion Qucn • Fini Flow • lnilutlon Lctmina in !he Wilderness • Chciolcec Challcngi: - -Valuing Tn:ca" ~LJAH JOURNAL ISSUE FOUR SUMMER 1984 ISSUE El<lHTESN - Winier 1987-88 Water Dnlm Water Quality • Kudzu . Sow Ech!'S¢ . Cl411'CU1ting Trout - Ooing to Wallu Ram Pwnps • MictQhydro · Poems: Bcnrut lee Sinclair. Jim Wayne Millet Vc:mamJlu Aichiiecllll1' DrCfnU m Wood and Stone - Mouniam Home Earth Energies EanJt.Shcllered Llving • Membrane Houses Brush Sheller • Poems: Octoll£r Ou•k • Oood Mcdlcinc: "Shella" lSSUE FIVE FALL 1984 IUNefl . OW Ways in Chctolcec - Oinscng 'luclcill' Waste • Our Celtic Heritage • Biorcgionalism: Past, Prcunt, and Futuro • John Wilnoty • Hc31ing Dllllcncss - Politiei of ISSUE NINETEEN · Spring. 1988 Pcrlcaodra C.nlen • Spring Toma Blucbcrrics WiWOowcr Gardens - Cranny Hi:rbalin • Flower Es~ -rbc Origin of 11¥: Animols· Stary Oood Mcdlcme. "Po,,.ct" Be ATn:e ParucipnllOn ISSUE SIX· WINTER 19114-SS Winier Solstice Eanh C=rnony • Ho11Cp3S1111c R1vcT Coming ol the Ught - Lo11 c.hin Rooca - Mountain Agra.:ul1urc: The Righi Crop WiUiAm Taylor The Fuwr" of the F~ ISSUE TWENTY - Summer, 1988 l'racrvc Appa!Khian WI.~ • Hlghbnds of Roan • ~lo Communuy - Land Trust • Arthur Morpn School Zonma Luue - '1'bc Ridge• • Farmers and the Farm Bill . Ooocl Mi:dicmc: "Land" • Mid Rain Dukc'J Pov.er PIAy • ChclOk.ec Microhydro Projoct lSSVE SEVEN · SPRING 1985 Sus1Jlinabl4 Economic$ · Hot Spring$ • Worker Owncnhip - The Cn:al Eeunomy - S~lf Help Credit Union • Wild Turby · Responsible lnvcsung · WQtbng"' tho Web of l..ifo lSSUE EIGHT · SUMMER 1985 Cclcbnuion: A W~y of Ufc • Kiuuah 18.000 Ycan Ago . SIK"Rd Siles Folk Ans "' the Schools Sun Cycle/Moon Cycle PO<lllls: Hilda Downe: - Chcralccc Heri1J1gc Cenlto:f • Who Owns Appaladua? ISSUE NINE- FALL 1985 The Waldcc l'orC1t The Trus Spuk Migrating Porests • Horu Logging Swting a Tree Crop· Urban TYCCS - Acom Bread - .Mylh ISSUE TWENTY.ONE · FAil. 198ll Ch4Stnu1.1: A 1'111Ural Histmy • Rt11or1t1g the Chulnut ·Poem of Prcsctva&IQO and Prai""• Continuing !he QuCSI • Forests and Wildlife Cllcsmuu in Reaional Diet Chu1nut Re.sources Hotb Note. • Oood Medicine: •Changes 10 Cmnc" - Review: W/lu41 uimdl Li~ 8IOREGIONAl.J0oRNAl OF ™E SOUTMERll APPA~IAN$ ISSUE ELEVEN SPRINO 1986 Community Planning • Cities and Ille Bi.mgional Vision • Recycling . Community Oindenlna· Flo)'d Counly. VA. Oasohol Two Biorcaional Views Nuclear Supplement Foar11c 011111C$ - Oood Medicine: Visions ISSUE FOURTEEN- W1111er 1986-&7 Uoyd Carl Owlc Boogcrs and Mununas - AD Species Day - Cabin Fever Un1vcrsil)' Homclcu in Ka1uah • HumCl!Ulde Ho1 War.c Siovcmatcr"1 N11tTa11ve • Cood Mcd1cmc: lnicnpcc= Communicallon ISSUETWENTY-'IWO-Wintcr. '88.S9 OlobaJ Wamnng • Fire Thi. Tune Thomu Bcny on ·sioreaio#J" - Eu1h Ellmi.sc • Kon: Loy McWhinu An Abundlnceof£mp1incss L£TS • Chton1clas of Floyd • Dany Wood lSSUETIURTEEN. Fall 1986 Ccn1er For Awakening- E11Wicth c.Jlm - A Ocn11., Du.th • Hospice - Emc.11 \foraan • Dcalin1 Crc•tively with Death • Home Burial Bo~ • The Wake - The Raven Mocker Wooclslorc and WIWwoods Wi<dcm - Good Medicine: Thai Sweat Uxfl:" ISSUE FIFTEEN -Spring 1987 Covcrlets • Wonu.n l'or-CSlct -Susie McMalwl Midw1(c • Ahemalivc Contraccpuon Bioscxualil}' • Biorcgional1SJJ1 and Women Ooocl Modicme: MJllriachuial Cultuni • ~ ISSUE TWENTY-TIIR.E.E ·Spring. 1989 Pisgah VUlaac · Plmcl At! - Orccn City Poplar Appeal "Clcu Sky" • "A N"w E.vtl1" Bbc:lr. Swan - Wild Lovdy Ou-µ • Rov1c:w1: Soucd Land. Sacud Sa, Ir• "'" - Poem: truavtes . The a-Chin T111111 ISSUE TEN - WINTER 1985°86 Kate Roac:s - Circlet of S101111 • ln1cmal Mythmaltilt& • Hoh•lic Hco.ling on Trial Poems: Sieve Knaulh • MylhiQ PlacC$ • ~ Uk1ena·s Talc - Crysial Magic: • "On:.mspcaltina- ~U AH JOURNAL P.O. Box 638 Leicester, NC Katuah Province 28748 For more info: call Mamie MuJler (704) 683-1414 Regular Membership........ SlO/yr. Sponsor.........................$20/yr. Conmoucor.....................S50/yr. Name Address City Area Code Summer, 1989 Enclosed is S ro give this ejf an extra bOost on State Phone Number "Sudden Tmirils" Zip l can be a local contact person for my area Back Issues Tssue it __@ $2.50 = $_ _ Issue 4# _ @ $2.50 = $_ _ rssue # _@ $2.50 = s__ Issue#_@ $2.50 = $_ _ Issue#_@ $2.50 = $ _ _ Complete Se1 (3-1 J , 13-16, 18-23) @ S35.00 = $_ _ � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians Records Description An account of the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, later simplified to Katúah Journal, was published from 1983 to 1993. A quarterly publication, it was focused on the bioregion of former Cherokee land in Appalachia. The early issues of the journal explain the meaning of the Cherokee name, Katúah, and why the editors wanted to view the world through a bioregional lens, rather than political boundaries. A volunteer production, the editors took a holistic view in tackling social, environmental, mental, spiritual, and emotional topics of the day, many of which are still relevant.  The Katúah Journal was co-founded by Marnie Muller, David Wheeler, Thomas Rain Crowe, Martha Tree and others who served as co-publishers and co-editors. Other key team members included Chip Smith, David Reed, Jay Mackey, Rob Messick and many others. This digital collection is only a portion of the Katúah-related materials in the W.L. Eury Appalachian Collection in Special Collections at Appalachian State University. The items in AC.870 Katúah Journal records cover the production history of the Katúah Journal. Contained within the records are correspondence, publication information, article submissions, and financial information. The editorial layouts for issues 12 through 39 are included as are a full run of the Journal spanning nearly a decade. Also included are photographs of events related to the Journal and a film on the publication. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived This resource is part of the Katúah Journal Records collection. For a description of the entire collection, see <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/937" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Katúah Journal Records (AC. 870)</a>. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The images and information in this collection are protected by the Copyright Law of the United States (Title 17, U. S. C.) and are intended only for personal, non-commercial, and educational purposes, provided proper citation is used – i.e., Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians Records, 1980-2013 (AC.870), W. L. Eury Appalachian Collection, Special Collections, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC. Researchers are responsible for securing permissions from the copyright holder for any reproduction, publication, or commercial use of these materials. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1983-1993 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource journals (periodicals) Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Katúah Journal, Issue 24, Summer 1989 Description An account of the resource The twenty-fourth issue of the Katúah Journal focuses on peace in the mountains: settling controversies; a look at the Oak Ridge Reservation; and promoting peace through community building. Authors and artists in this issue include: David Wheeler, Judith Hallock, Patrick Clark, Richard Lowenthal, Heather Pittillo, Marnie Muller, Rob Messick, Will Ashe Bason, Marnie Muller, Milo Guthrie, Mary de La Valette, "kent," Jim Houser, Charles Rampp, and Melanie Bridges. Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, later simplified to Katúah Journal, was published from 1983 to 1993. A quarterly publication, it was focused on the bioregion of former Cherokee land in Appalachia. The early issues of the journal explain the meaning of the Cherokee name, Katúah, and why the editors wanted to view the world through a bioregional lens, rather than political boundaries. A volunteer production, the editors took a holistic view in tackling social, environmental, mental, spiritual, and emotional topics of the day, many of which are still relevant. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1989 Table Of Contents A list of subunits of the resource. Deep Listening by David Wheeler.......3 Life in Atomic City by Judith Hallock.......5 Hiroshima Day 1989.......7 Direct Action! by Patrick Clark.......8 Planting a Tree of Peace.......9 Community Building and Peace by Richard Lowenthal.......10 Peacemakers: A Resource Listing.......11 Ethnic Survival.......14 Black Mountain Pairing Project.......15 "Battlesong": A Poem by Heather Pittillo.......16 Growing Peace in Cultures by Marnie Muller.......18 Review: The Chalice and the Blade.......20 Natural World News.......22 A Children's Page.......25 Drumming.......26 Events Calendar.......28 Webworking.......30 Note: This table of contents corresponds to the original document, not the Document Viewer. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Katúah Journal, printed by The Waynesville Mountaineer Press Subject The topic of the resource Bioregionalism--Appalachian Region, Southern Sustainable living--Appalachian Region, Southern Peace movements--Appalachian Region, Southern Community life Oak Ridge (Tenn.) Sister Cities North Carolina, Western Blue Ridge Mountains Appalachian Region, Southern North Carolina--Periodicals Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/937"> AC.870 Katúah Journal records</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a title="In Copyright – Educational Use Permitted" href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-EDU/1.0/?language=en 8" target="_blank"> In Copyright – Educational Use Permitted </a> Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Appalachian Region, Southern Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. <a title="Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians" href="https://omeka.library.appstate.edu/collections/show/79" target="_blank"> Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians </a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Journals (Periodicals) Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1980s Appalachian Mountains Appalachian Studies Children's Page Community Ecological Peril Electric Power Companies Glossaries Habitat Hazardous Chemicals Katúah Poems Politics Radioactive Waste Reading Resources Recycling Transportation Issues Turtle Island Villages Water Quality Western North Carolina Alliance Women's Issues https://omeka-test.library.appstate.edu/files/original/6242ad52b617091c87c9539ed560f662.pdf ceae3b1dd3f95de061a292ba6f7dcc7d PDF Text Text ,.-.c---URNAL ISSUE 37 WINTER 1992-93 $2 00 �Green Man (a.Jc.a. Joe Hollis) Photo by Nancy Herman / ~UAHiJOURNAL "- PO Box 638 Leicester, NC Katuah Province 28748 c, ~ New Address Inside! Postage Paid Bulk Mail Permit #18 Leicester, NC 28748 .ac.\C 0,,l * () ~ Printed on recycled paper ADDRESS CORRECTION REQUESTED �eoNPENTr0 In The Morning.......................... by DcnnL~ Frederick Green Man and Green Woman........ 4 by Rob Messick Floyd 2020.... ............ ...... ......... 7 by Will Ashe Bason Ecology................................... 8 by Rob Messick Drawing of Sequoyah.................. 9 by James Rhea The Legend of James Whitehead..................... by 10 Bnrbaru Wickersham Raven1.................................... by Fran 11 Freudenbcrgcc Kid's Page............................... Rhea's Fairies.......................... . 13 Drawings by Lucile Morgan........... 14 Drawing by Bob Johnson.............. 15 Drawings by Pegi....................... 16 The Solitary Tree........................ 17 ... ,. ... 12 by Charlotte Homsher Wildwoods Wisdom.................... 18 by DougElliou Natural World News.................... 20 Mandalas................................. 22 hy Roh Messick Gourds................................. 23 by M1ch:icl Thompson Poem: A \lu~ Jmm Hawk'.r Nest. .. .. ... 24 by Gcr.tld George Economy................................. 25 by Rob MClisick Drummmg................................ 26 Rev11:ws: Beyond The Beaury Strip Reshapitrg Modern Culture.. ......... by Rob H Sleep well, my darling, Sleep we/1 my love. Srars in the heavens Are shining above. The labor has ended, The journey is done, So resc now, sleep now, My sweec one. 1 "Jack?" The old man rose and looked out the window at the lowering sun, the last rays of the day flowing golden over the ridges. It was so good to feel the spring again, to hear the bird.~ and taste the warm savor of the spring air. It had been a long winter, a hard biller-cold winter. Snow, storms. endless dark, and endless wind. It had been hard on him, harder on her. He looked over 10 where she lay, her profile softly outlined by the crossglow of the sun through the window and the candles around her head. He smiled. She looked peaceful, he thought Rested. "Jack, you 'bout ready?" That was Ethan. He was a good man • good friend and neighbor. I le had been for fony-three years, ever since he and Sarah had moved onto the f!Um next to Jack and Emma. "Yeah, Ethan, I reckon so." McssJCk Events.................................... 32 Webworking............ ... ,............. 33 W~1 1-tcr, 1992-93 © 1990 by Dennis K. Frederick She was so beautiful, so oddly beautiful when Jack first saw her. She was sitting on the other side of the room when the music started, and when he asked her to dance with him, it was all he could do to get the words out When she stood up and moved into his !UTTlS, he truly felt like he was holding an angel. She had dark brown hair and grey eyes and a smile that could outshine the moon. When she smiled up at him he felt like he was melting down and burning up inside all at the same time. And when they kissed for the first time • and every time after • it was ... complete. After they were married, Jack said the greatest joy in his life was waking up beside her every morning. He thanked God for that, every day. "Ethan, do you think that everyone who wants to come is here?" They never had children, Jack and Emma, not a one, not even a quickening. That made Jack some sad. knowing that after Emma died there would be no pan of her to carry on in the world, but then he'd look at her across the room or across the garden and he couldn't be sad for long, 'cause she was here now, and that was enough. And she said she didn't mind at all, 'cause she'd found a way to have all the children she wanted and not a one bother her in the middle of the night, for she became a school teacher. Now, Emma didn't run the usual son of classroom. Oh, she taught them their letters and numbers and all like that, and taught them well. But that was only on days when the rain or the cold kept them indoors. On other days she would have them outside walking in the fields or running through the woods or tromping up and down the creek beds. She said that God's world was the best classroom there was, and the only way to learn about it was to go out in it. And those kids? They loved it. And they loved her. You never saw a brighter, more sparlde-cyed bunch in your life. Drawing by Rob Mcuick (continued on page 3) lultimf~ Journot Jla<J"- �-, ' l<eLJAH JOURNAL -- , ,,-' " ..... .., -- ...,_,,, .... .. .....,,.... ~ · ~:/ I ,_, ,,,,,,.;"" - ~.r- ~·· . -~ ...... ~ . ____________ ,: --------- ..~-. ------/ -----.i'. I ._.,r·'!'· _ _ ,,,1"" ARTITORT ALSTAFFTIIIS ISSUE: Rob Messick (Coordinaror) David Wheeler Sherman Bamford Charlotte Homsher .,,,., ,)"\ .,...... ... ~ - ~~_,-.. , , ,r,~- . ~ .... ._/.. 'J _..c,~ .l· ....~ , - - o~~- ,,...: _.,jJ Pegi Heather Blair RheaOnnond Thanks to Marie Reilly for her inspiration... ................- - - - ~- _..;,._(l~ ~' _._,,..., • ;.·•· :l ~, I ~ ,~ .,... ....:." t -% -------- , ,. --.~,:-..· .- -~-------·-• 0-_,..•"' COVER: byRobMessick ©1992 '!•.b•-,•.t. PUBLISHED BY: KanUJh Journal EDITORIAL OFFICE THIS ISSUE: Backbone Spur Gardens< Globe Valley< Grandfather Ranger District< Pisgah National Forest < Katuah Province WRITE US AT: Karuah Journal Rt. 8, Box 323; Lenoir, NC; Katuah Province 28645 TELEPHONE: (704) 754-fm7 Diversity is an imponant element ofbion:gional ecology, both natural and social. In accord with this principle K(J[uah Journal uies to serve as a forum for the discussion of regional issues. Signed articles express only the opinion of lhe authors and are OOl necessarily lhc opinions of the Katuah Journal edi«n or slllff. The lntemal Revenue Service has declared Ka1uah Journal a non-profit organization under section 50J(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. All coou,1>utions 10 Katuah Journal are deductible from per.;onal income w. Asticlcs appearing in K(J[uah Journal may be reprinted in other publications with permission from lhe Katuah Journal stalT. Contact the journal in writing or call (704) 754-6097. 'L'.NVOCA.TW'.N '-, I ---- - --- L~·.•._•. ,......_•./._..:f. - - *ttt!.. PRJNTED BY: The Waynesville Mountaineer Press ..-·!·· '.....,_ '. STATEMENT OF PURPOSE Here, in the Katuah Province of these ancient Appalachian mountains where once the Cherokee Nation lived in freedom between the Tennessee River Valley and the Eastern Piedmont between the Valley of the Roanoke and the Southern Plain on this Turtle Island continent of Mother Ela, the Earth Here, In this place we dedicate ourselves to remembering our deep connection 10 the spirit of the land. We bring this connection into the being and the doing of our daily lives When the land speaks, we listen and we act We tune our lives 10 !the changes, to the seasons We respect the limits of the land We preseJVe, defend. and restore the land We give thanks for all that is good Hannony with the land is no longer an ideal; it is an imperative. The land is a living being. She is sacred. As 1he land lives, so do we. As the spirit of the land is diminished, our spirits are diminished as well. Katuah Journal sends a voice... with articles, stories, poems. and artwork we speak 10 the spirit of alJ the living, breathing inhabitants of these mountains in hopes that we, the human beings, may find our place in th.is Great Life. The Editors KATUAH JOURNAL wanis ro communicate your thoughts and feelings to the other people in the bioregional provillce. Send them to us as letters, poems, stories, articles, drawings, or photographs, etc. Please send your contrib1uions to us at: Katuah Journal; Rt. 8, Box 323; Lenoir, NC; Katuah Province 28645. TJIE SPRING ISSUE will be dedicated to sustainable tourism and transport. including green alternatives to travel. Be sure to include those wonderful drawings and photos on the subject! The deadline is February 1st, 1993. Send to Rob Messick; Rt. 8, Box 323; Lenoir, NC 28645. Jose Arguelles Xatuah Journot page 2 OUR LAST" ISSUE will! be filled with your closing comments and contributions, an index lO the 38 issues of KattUJh Journal, and a listing of biorcgionally oriented organizations in the Province (see page 34 for details). AJI Things Must Pass... Wtnter, 1992-93 �(conlinued from page I) "I think they are, Jack, and she said we weren't to wait 100 long." That last year when she couldn't get out of bed, Emma had cried about being useless. until one day she figured out something she could do. She would have Jack bring in an egg or cwo every few days from the henhouse, and she would lay those eggs alongside her body under the blankets where they would stay warm until they hatched ouL Then she would talcc the chicks and put them in a box beside the bed and tend them there until they were big enough to give away. and then they would go to whoever in the community was in need. That made her smile again. She was quite a woman. "I reckon it's time, then." Jack pulled on his coat and turned to nod at the men waiting in the doorway. He stepped out ont0 the porch and was amazed at the number of people standing outside. There must have been two or three hundred of them. Somehow he'd forgotten 10 keep track of the growth of the community. The new stores, the good roads, the churches, the increasing number of children in Emma's classroom - all this had somehow failed to register in his reality, for Emma was all his world. To live with her on their farm in these mountains - this was all he needed. Just to work ha.rd and love her. The six men brought Emma's coffin out of the cabin and raised it to their shoulders. Up the hill they went. followed by Jack, Ethan, Sarah, and all those others, up to the top of the hill where there stood an old oak tree. Its branches spread wide to shade a little fenced-in area enclosing a freshly-dug grave. They set the coffin down beside the hole, and, wlten all the people had gathered around, Jack spoke to them. "Friends, Emma and I want to thank you for being here. She would have felt honored to know that so many of you came to see her off. We want to thank those who sat up with us last night, we thank the women who got her ready and the men who dug her grave here. She asked me to be sure it was this particular time of the day when she was buried. She loved tile evening. Said it seemed co her a fitting time for a funeral, 'cause this way she got a good night's sleep before waking up to the good Lord's glorious morning - her very words. So, Emma, you sleep now, and these folks and 1, we'll see you on that morning. I love you. Rest well." Jack nodded to the preacher, the service proceeded, the people sang Emma to her rest, the coffin was lowered, the hole was filled in, and the stone was SCL Everybody went back down the hill to the house where there was food and drink and they all stayed awhile. Then they began 10 cirirt away home, the lanterns on their wagons shinning like fireflies disappearing into the woods, until there was only Jack and Ethan and Sarah lefl. "Will you be alright, Jack?" "Oh, I'll be right as rain by morning, Sarah. I'm just going to sit here on the porch for awhile like she and I used to do. She did love it so." ''I'll stop by in the morning." 'Thank you, Ethan. Good night." ,, "Rest well. I'll see you in the morning." Ethan and Sarah's wagon moved off down the road and the musical stillness of the night sectled over the old man on the porch. His eyes looked up to the hilltop, then far beyond for a long while, then they closed. When Ethan and Sarah came by in the morning, they found Jack still sitting in that chair, past all waking in this world. Ethan found a wide boartl and they laid Jack out on it. They put Jack in the back of the wagon, put in a few more boartls. hammer and nails and a shovel, and they drove the wagon back up to the top of the hill to that oak tree. They spent the rest of the day digging Jack's grave, nailing his coffin together around him, and lowering him down to rest beside Emma. They filled in the hole and moved the scone a bit so that it settled down over both.Jack and Emma. They stood in silence for a long time and at last they turned for home. "Ethan?" "Hmmm?" "l've been thinking about it. and I do believe that yesterday was the longest time that Jack and Emma had spent apart since they were married." "I guess he just could'c live with the thought of waking up alone. Well, he won't have to, now." Drawing by Lucile Morgan Wtt1ter , 1992-93 Sleep well, my darling, Sleep well, my love. Srars in the heavens Are shining above. The labor has ended, The journey is done, So rest now, sleep now, My sweer one. The journey is over, The morning has come, So rest now, sleep now, Mylovt. "This su,ry was inspired by somtthing D()(; McConnt'II told mt a couple of~ars ago. and by the spirit of the mountain people who IIOW siuround me." Denn,s Frtduick was born on the sowh s,de o/Clucago in /950, grew up in the li11kfarm town of MuJdldJury. IN. and autnlkd Indiana Univtrsiry mtermi11t111ly for several years. lie moved 10 7ennessee rn 1979 IQ work/or a rouring 1mpro~isa1ional thttUrt company where ht mt/ his wife. Lucinda Flodin, l'hey tool up life together in 1984, and 111 1986 discovatd S/Qrytelling osa tandem pe,formmu:t art. They liw with tlrtv scns. Forts/ and Cody. on 28 acres of mo1,1111llln glory in Carttr Co1,111ry, TN and make 1htir living as uave/i11g storytellers. DeMis and UJ.CiNJa havt produced rwo audio /ape~. Strawberries m the Snow and Mounlain Sptrirs, each SIO 00, ppd from R1.J. Box 726; ~ llampton. TN J7658. ~ X-atuoh Journot page 3 �~tuah Joumal, ..' I pcuw;1,4 lr Orawmga by Rob Musick f _. Wlntcr. 1992-!13 �t.nter , 1992-93 "'1titmi. Journot PCUJC S �----E _ __ -~ :K.nt(~h Journal pa9e 6 Drawing by Rob Muncl< l.>i.ntcr, 1992-93 �FLOYD 2020 by Will Ashe Bason There was little doubt by the mid-90's that the superstonns were the result of global cllinate changes produced by inefficient and thoughtless industrialization. The frequency and severily uf the Sturms increased during the '90's making tens of millions homeless and completely destroying lhe electricity distribution systems of huge towers and wires. The US Army was put to work building communities which could withstand the intense winds of lhe superstonns. Each of these villages had several large underground storerooms in which people could talce refuge in a storm. Some homes and structures were built to wilhstand the high winds, and some were made to be dismantled and stored when a stonn threatened. The US Army built over 5,000 eco-villages housing over three million people during the '90's. Many other settlements were built privately. Jimmy and Rosalyn Caner were leaders in a movement in which poor people came together to build protected villages. Still, millions of people who had lived in beautiful homes wilh many • luxuries were reduced to living in shack.s built of tarps and broken lumber near hastily dug storm cellars. During the mid- and late '90's, refugees from the West Coast went out in waves, each bigger lhan the last, just like the quakes and eruptions that set them in motion. Many of the people who were most tuned in to the narur:il world were among the first to leave. In most cases, people had 10 sell their homes and non-movables for nearly nothing. They loaded up lheir mini-vans and hitched up their trailers and headed east - much as previous pioneers had headed west. Many of the people who had been involved in building cuilural alternatives were drawn to areas in I.he Blue Ridge Mountains where these 1,>lnt.er, t992- 93 alternatives already had a foothold. Floyd County absorbed nearly 3,000 West Coast refugees between 1993 to 1998. After the huge back-to-back storms of 1995, the old power grid was gone for good in Floyd County and throughout most of the southeastern US. About half of the people in Floyd and several surrounding counties were homeless. That year there were so many emergencies that US and UN services were unavailable. The radical restructuring of the world economy 10 our reality-based exchange system was not yet complete, and localities everywhere were reduced to their own devices. A team of local engineers and architects developed several types of buildings which were made of local materials and could withstand extremely high winds. Over the spring and summer of 1995 more than 2,000 people worked on 14 villages which by winter were homes to 5,000 people. These communities consisted of a large central building surrounded by cottages. The sites were picked for favorable water power and they all generated enough electricity for lights in the cottages and refrigeration facilities in the central buildings. The couages seemed like castles 10 people who had been living cooped up with friends and relatives in sometimes amazingly cramped and cold conditions in the winter of '94. Over the next ten yean,, many more small, sheltered, and self-powered communities were buill in the county. Today, Floyd's 14,000 people have 42 communities of more than 100 inhabitants, while in 1990 12,000 people had only one such community. This restructuring into small communities had many unexpected benefits, and today there are few who would trade our present life for the world that the winds swept away. The villages of the Blue Ridge upland plateau differ considerably from each other, as some were fonned by fann families who had been in the area for many years, and some were fonned along alternative lines. Many communities have a Native American feel to lhem, several are African-American, and two are Spanish-speaking. A village near Buffalo Mountain is a Cherokee-speaking community, the northernmost of their confederacy. These various groups all mingle in the town of Floyd, which is still the largest settlement in the county. The Saturday market in Floyd is colorful and noisy. The village of Marin is somewhat typical of the communities that were built in Floyd County in the mid-'90's. Fourteen cottages were originally built and served as homes to over 50 people lhe first winter. The village maintains a sizable herd of cows and sheep and cultivates orchards on gentle slopes. The village has nearly 10 hectares of good river bonom land on which it raises grains and vegeiables. Marin has a water-powered grain mill, saw mill, and woodworking shop. The shop produces several types of wooden flutes which have a good reputation and earn the village most of i1s rrnde credits. This is in keeping with the musical motif of the villages of the area almost all of the local communities suppon themselves most by manufacturing various musical instruments. The Blue Ridge area was one of the most "backward" regions of the old US economy, but it came through the economic transition in much better shape than most other areas. Literacy rates rose sharply and infant monality rates fell, exactly counter to corresponding trends in the rest of the country and most areas of the world. The self-reliance of the old farm communities of the area combined wilh the ideas for alternative economic and energy systems that newer residcntS brought with them to create a ., better way of life. Drawing by Pcgi X-Gtooh )our-nm pQCJe 7 �Xatuml )ournm piiqe 8 Drawing by Rob Mcuick Wrntcr , 1992-93 �Drawing of Sequoyah by James Rhea �...: ·•~ ..... ... ·.~.- :. t;. . ... =~ ::•.= ... •• :.¥_: •• • ... ..... ... :;· :.;:• .. :! : ·.•.· :~ :- ·.~.: ·.~.: .·,; : ... .. ... ..-.: .... ... .... .. . ... THE LEGEND OF JAMES WHITEHEAD by Barbara Wickersham Once upon a time a man named James Whitehead lived up on the head of Tiger Creek way back up in the mountains of Caner County, Tennessee. He had a right nice farm and he loved 10 fish and hunt One day while young James was ou1 huntin' something happened that changed his life forever. It was gettin' kinda late, near dark, and he was 1hinkin' strongly abou1 h~din' home for supper. Suddenly he happened upon a tiny cri1ter lying frigh1encd and crying in the grass. He stared in amazement figurin' as how it must be a new-born baby tiger. h was, of coun;e, a baby mouniain lion, commonly called tigers or painiers by people thereabouts. He quickly looked all around but saw no sign of mama so he picked up the liule fella, gemly wrapped it in his hand.kerchief, and promptly carried ii home for his wife to care for. Now it just so happened that his wife had recently given birth herself, and, since Xotimn Journal page 10 _. ,, I ,I r ,1, --- I tfj .~ fl"'•'t f .J\\~ · l1;.,1~•J:.{ she couldn'1 figure any 01her way to save the little critter· not owning nny tiny baby bottles or eye-droppers - she simply nursed ii along wi1h her own baby. The baby tiger grew quickly, was s1rong and healthy, and soon was returned to the moun1ains where ii belonged. Folks around there got to calling James "Tiger," and forever af1er he was known as Tiger Whitehead, the man who saved the baby tiger. Tiger's real claim 10 fame, however, wa~ his hunting prowess. He managed to keep meai on 1he table for his burgeoning brood most of his 86 years and during tha1 time he actually killed 99 bears. When he was on his deathbed, one of his sons brought a bear cub to him, saying "Kill this bear so we can say you killed 100 bears," bu1 he refused, saying he had never killed except when he had to. His gravestone proudly proclaims "He killed 99 bears." ... Since 1984, Barbara Wickersham has collabaraJe.d will, Ron Vance in gathering stories of the Roan Mountain area. Tile two are both native Appalachian people with a long-rime fascination for the history. fitera111re, and language ofthe white mmmtain folk. In February of /985 they applied for and recieved a University ofTennessee Research Grant to help in the contitu4(Jtion of their oral history efforts. Their primary objective is to co/leer historical facts, tales, riddles, expressions, old plwtos - anything rl111t will capmre the life of the Roan Mountain people just before, during. and after the Great Depression. To clme they have interviewed 62 people and are .Hill working. ifyou have riddles, old games, ghost stories, or a good tale you would like 10 share with them, or ifyou hll\/e a lead on a particularly good interview prospect, they would appreciate your help. Contact Barbara Wickersham at 7314 John Norton Road; Knoxville, TN 37920 or call (615) ...::All' 577-1072. Drawing by Rob Messick p �:.•. ·.•.•;::·.·:~::·:: ,·,·.: • • • '; :•r •• • • • ,,.._.,, ·.•••••••'ho,,••••'\•'*•. .. ... .. ···...... ...... ······ •. ,.u .... .. : ..... ,:·:! .. ·.. .·.:: :::···. ·''"· ; ················· ....·..... . ~ ............ ·. ... .. ..::.::·;... .·. ..·:::_·:·:::::···· ·:··' ·... ·::~~~-~~·-:·-·-... ·.: .... . ...:.,:..:..,.·· . .. . ., .... ': :. . . ....~. .,.. \ ! ... -~--- •. ······· . ····,... ........._ . ... .... , .. - ......... ,\: .... ..... ·' . . ·•···· . ·····-···· ··········"'······ ~· .... • ..... ·- .... ..·· ......... .... Raven! ····..,:,. ;-._.::·.r:?,•,,•::::.,.•, ,..,;::···· . !".::.-:•.. :... :.. ·:., ,, .-·········· .... ···'y··".:-·····.:···. . ··-... .:.....:·:·· . .. -. ························ ······· Fran Freudenberger 1 a storygatherer currently residing in the Crab s Community o f Katuah rro,1nre. For infomiation contact her at TH E O PEN CIRCLE, 1112 W,llow Street; Hcnderson~ille, NC 28739 (70-I ) 696-3659. . .... ........ . .,,,: ..._..:.: ..-·· ... _ Gazed out O\'l'r the charred stillness and thought .. 'This was once the Earth?" I le listened to the smoldering silence and thought ... "This was once Her Breath?" Then Raven raised his wings In Anger and new away. by Fran Freudenberger Drawu,g by Rob Memc:lr. •.•• ···? �KID'S PAGE ___,---=- - ' ,. ., "'J ., ,I Daniel Olson - ngc 7 r .,._.;.. l.. :-::..£,=-- ----.... " ~..• - . . '. ,. • . ~· .. ·~ A i . .' ~,,., ' . . .. , . .... \. . . __ ~-r""·' _.....,,.::.. . ' ........---'\{.' ....~ . .• . ___.... ·---·~("'" • •. t. '·· ..~ • ..-, ..._ -':'-'\~,.,,.., ',•. !-,;_ ••~ ..... i ~~,... . ·,·.. '-.: . ' • -- - .- ..-- lJ .. . . . . ... (~ . ,, .._, ·.... _·:.>•.. ... ·... _., ,. . .,, . ' Jeffrey Hollis - age 4 .· •'f ' ... "Drngon at a Croquet Game" '"7:'-- • ----~. ... .. __ ;,,--- . .. . • .. .,. ···i.l. , - . ., .,, r .. . -.. .. :. . ~ .. . • , ..• ~·-- / / .''- . - - ... . - ~ J'- - -· Desiree Cafaro - age 11 Juniper Myers Walters - age 10 ,C:amal\ Jotmmf paqc 12 Lane Raskin - age 7 . -- ,-l,. 1 a,l., . . ..--,1· Jade Alysen Kornegay - age 8 !.>inter, I 992-' �I, l grew up in Missouri and experienced the Ozarks. Friends of my parents bought some land by a mountain creek and built a shelter. "'rhey called it Rocky Branch and I do believe that was where I first encountered fairies. In my adolescence our family moved lO cultural Cleveland where my father's dream was realii.ed - to play his viola in the Cleveland Orchestra in the great Severence Hall. When I sat in the hall, I would gnze up at the ceiling embellishment and watch the fairies' wings flutter to the beautiful music. I later learned that the ceiling was designed from the lace on Mrs. Severcnce's wedding veil. (l have also found fairies on recent trips 10 the an museum and felt like a fairy while studying ballet!) After years of an school, universities, a teaching profession, and a marriage I realized that I needed 10 get back to the land. The early memories of Rocky Branch were still in my head. lvmtcr, 1992-93 I found some land on a 30 mile reservoir nonh of Amherst, MassachusetlS and began to build my dream, and to connect back to the great Mother Earth. I lived on this secluded land by myself and felt the closeness of all the plant and animal spirilS that surrounded me. My only fear was of the hunters who evemually destr0yed my dream, burning my house down. rt was nine ye-ars ago when I came 10 Kaulah Province from New England. I followed the ridge of the Appalachian Mountains south and landed in a parndise garden. As I drove toward the South Toe River Valley, a rainbow crossed the road and 1 knew that this must be the place where fairies live. At that rime Joe Hollis was looking for someone 10 help in his garden, and 1 enthusiastically agreed. He offered me a yun (Mongolian teepee) to live in which became my home for three years. The gardens expanded and I found fairies flinering about everywhere. Joe took me to beautiful wildflower coves filled with thousands of trilliums, and 10 the ridgetops of the Black Mountains where I first saw galax and other wildflowers that did not grow in the Appalachian Mountains in New England or anywhere else I've ever lived. These mountains have a magic about them that I never felt in any oiher mountain range. Lost and homeless for years, I had followed the mountains south, guided by the faith and hope that I would find a home where fairies dance. Mountain Gardens in Celo. NC is that home where now our son Jeffrey runs through the garden looking~ ~ fairies. p • Rhea Ormond Drawing by Rhea Ormond �Drawings by Lucile Morgan - Coffey's General Sion: in Edgemont �Drawing b~ Bob Joluuon �Xatimh Journat• pnge 16 Drawings by Pcgi l,) i.n«ir, 1992-93 �The Solitary Tree by Charlotte Homsher Nature is not static, but an ever-changing process. Water moves so swiflly we can not focus on the lines of the current. Weather can change abruptly. Encounters with wild animals are fleeting and unusual. Only trees remain accessible to everyone, sturdily rooted in place long enough for us 10 study them. In issue #36 of Kan,ah Journal, I wrote about the relationship of trees to each other in a grove. In this anicle, I address the individualistic trees who stand alone and offer us insight into difficult questions. We live at the close of a century of momentous change, in an era of transition from one age to another, in a time of tremendous challenge. Now as never before we hold the fate of humanity and of the survival of the planet itself in our hands. It is easy to forget, so quickly are events moving in the epoch sense, that the process of decay (which is the grandest transition of all) happens slowly enough within a human lifetime for us to grasp the meaning of the cycle. For instance, the era of the great American chestnut tree came to an end in the thirties, yet the skeletal trunks of the chesmuts could still be seen scanding upright on the Blue Ridge Parkway into the sixties. I believe that even in death trees still teach us. There is a lightning-charred hollow trunk still standing at Catawba Falls. My son, who was silt at the time, told me very matter-of-factly that this hollow tree was where the lndian spirits live. He understood perfectly that the hollow places are homes, protection; not only den trees for bears and possums, but empty places where creation of all sorts can take place. A hollowed-out standing tree would be a good place for a vision quesL Nearly every power place has a tree of this kind. Inside the pregnant darkness of a hollow tree, one can hear a sound, a distonion similar to what one hears from placing a large sea shell neltt to the ear. These trees arc like drums for the Earth. I call the sound that they funnel the roar of the Earth. Jn the Reems Creek area, there is a massive trunk of a dead 1ree that is unusual not only for its size, but also because of 1he way in which the trunk twis1s up from the ground in a spiral pattern. The spiral twisting is indication that the tree grew on a power spot. The tree was able 10 bring up this powerful Eanh energy which came up the tree in a spiral vortex movement, and makes this energy available to the plam life, the animals, and the humans in the vicinitv. I am sure that this was a council.tree, a meeting place, when it was alive. Now that the tree is dead, the Earth energy that comes up through the root system of the trees in that area is now spread out among several mature trees. What is left for us 10 see are the remains of lessons of the past. I have heard of people finding crystals and unusual rocks under these spiral-trunked trees, but 1 personally prefer not to disturb these trees which are, of course, still den trees. 1.,lnter, 1992-93 Even more poignant, arc the trees which are still living, still sprouting even when 1he heartwood is gone, and sometimes when nothing is left but half a hollow trunk. 1 consider 1hese to be medicine 1rees, or healing trees. These arc easy trees to step into, to put one's belly against the sapwood and release fears and sorrows. l have fell no particular grief within these trees. They are very noble. They have a breadth of experience which embodies all of the transitions between life and death, fertility and decay. They have opened themselves up entirely 10 the erosion of the weather and 10 causal examinauon or their internal processes. They continue life even wuhin the process of decay. Healthy, live trees also teach us about times of transition. Double-trunked trees which have grown 1ogether embody many qualities of duali1y. separateness. and blending. The sweet birch is a good example of this. The bark of the young sweet birch is smooth but becomes scaly and rougher with age. A double-trunked swee1 birch, which has one smooth trunk and one rough trunk, may appear to be one tree but is actually two trees of the same species at different ages of growth. This phenomenon of the double- trunked tree 1s even more obvious when trees of different species sprou1 at the same time, seed next to seed. It is common to see trees which have one character, one predominwn shape, yet which are combinations of beech and hemlock, for instance, or ironwood and maple. These are wonderful teacher trees. By studying t'he qualities of the two worlds, the crossroads of separate species, we can recognize ourselves at a crossroads and gain insight into ways of growing gracefully as individuals into the oneness of the greater vision of Iife. Trees have their own cycles and reasons for being that have nothing 10 do with humanity, yet we have intruded into the natural processes 10 such an elttont that O"Ces may not survive without our intervention. I think it is very possible that a time v.ill come when we will garden trees to keep a species alive just os we now garden vegetables. Until that time tllere is still the chance 10 persuade the ,,ild trees to prolong their lives, 10 keep the forest vibrant, happy, and healthy so that our children and our children's children can learn from the trees. We can do this by entering into the realms of nature with /;;!I' humility and genuine gratitude. fr Dr•wing by Pegi �. ./4 "The Serpent and The 1 J f I ,, .,__ / / / \ ,,'.~ In thls joyful compendium of woodslore, ancient legends, humorous !ales, and perceptive insights, Doug Ellion opens our eyes to the world of planes and animals and !he many ways of rediscovering our natural heritage. Wi!h !he easy voice of a storyteller, he shows how nature provides all our needs • not only food, clothing and shelter, but also the spiritual truths that can enrich and transform our lives. In !he pages of Wildwood.s Wisdom you'll view nature through !he eyes of many people from different walks of life, some who embody ancient wisdom, others with sc1cnufic knowledge, and still others who have been touched deeply by an encounter with !he natural world. You'll hang out with • Native Americans, Appalachian mountain folk. and biologists. And you11 hear stories of Pentecostal snake handlers, hoodoo root doctors, possum breeders, and even a New York stockbrocker, to Doug Elliott also adventures - hitchhikir sketching along the Re capturing snakes, colic walking softly in the b expound on plants and small with enthusiasm "This book is abl exploring, and dwellin of an ecosystem 1eemi1 and change. It is about dwelling place within , we interact with the en world at large." The be illusmued with over 01 by the author. Wildwo journey of awakening, world we may not ofte are forever joined. Doug Elliott is a �Egg" and Other Tales ... >name a few. o draws on his own ing across the country, :ocky Mountains, leering folklore, and backcountry - to d creatures great and ri and witty reverence. JOUt being home, about ng oo the earth as pan ing with life and death 11 finding that sacred 1OUllClvcs, from where nvironmcnt and the >OOK i~ abo beautifully ,ne hundred drawings ood1 Wisdom is a :, of being at home in a en sec but to which we 1 naturalist, herbalist, storyteller, and wildlife anist who has been ranging woods and waters since childhood. For the past decade he has lectured, conducted workshops, and performed storytelling in concert with various organizations including the American Museum of Natural History and the Smithsonian rnstitution. Doug is also the author of Roots: An Underground Botany and Forager's Guide. He lives with his wife, Yanna, on a homei;tead in Kaulah Province, Rutherford County, North Carolina. To order Wildwoods Wisdom send $22.95 pl1Ls $2.00 shipping to: Paragon /louse; 90 Fifth Avenue; New York, NY 100/ l. To receive a listing of Doug's activities in your area you can contact /um 01: Rt. 1, Box 388; Union Mills, NC 28167 Drawings by Doug l!lliou �1• " ARSON! "I ,t",,t N.nnl World News Savic.: ArsoniSLs suuclc the Hennes.sec Hardwood Company of Franklin, NC early on the morning cl November 30, 1992. setting IWO foes that did more than SS0,000 damage and woonding owner Jack Hennes.~ee in an exch:inge of gunfire. The action was apparcnlly to discourage the logging comp:iny from carrying 0111 a contraCt on the Rich Mounuun umber sale m the Highl:inds Ranger Dl5Ulct of the Namahala National Forest. This was only the la~t in sabotage actions agrunst the Ilcnnessee Company during 1992: vandals dLo;ablcd equipment belonging 10 the company and nn indcpcndcnt su!KontraCtor while Hcnncssce was working the Rich Mountain sale last winter, and the Hennessee office was the target of vandaJig-n earlier in the month or November. In response 10 a threatening leticr, Jack Hennessee. the owner of the company, was keeping watch on the plant on the night or Sunday, November 29. He said lhat after dozing he awoke ai 4 a.m. the following morning to find that a large floodlight overlooking the mill was ouL He went oulSide IO check on the situation and saw that a 100tshed in !he debarlcing section of the plant was on fire. According to Hennessee, he saw what appeared to be a person runn111g around the comer of the shed. He fll'Cd on the person with a handgun. Al lhe same time he saw another fire flaring up ne:uby m the plant's chipping operation. At lhat moment he heard two shots and was knocked to the ground. When he roused himself later on, Hennes.sec called lhe county sherilrs department and lhe ambulance. At the hospital he ICM!ed he had been suuck by a bullet, which passed through lhe flesh of tus back, not wounding hun seriously. Hennessee is convinced that the attack was motivated by opposition 10 the company's logging the Rich Mountain Timber Sale, which 1s divided mto 15 units scauered arowid the town of Highlands in Macon County. Other actions against the company have been din,cu:d specifically against that timber operation. In a widely-publicil.cd incident during February of 1992, saboteurs tore the~ and cut hydraulic lines on skiddersand looders belonging 10 Hennessee that were parked m the Buck Creek area of the Rich Mountain umber sale. On lhe night of November 13, 1992 vandals cnlCl'Cd the Hennessee Company omces through an open back door, dumped drawers and files on the Door about the room. painted slogans Wee "Clcarcuuing Ba.~wds" and "You11 Never Cut Rieh Mountain" on the office walls. A drink machine was broken, and a smaJJ pis10I was also stolen from 11 desk drawer. One week lalllr, Hcnnc.=e emplnyu_~. on doing a routine check before morning sl3Jl-up, found th.11 someone had attempted 10 sabotage the chipper by putting a large p,pe wrench down the mouth of lhc machine where it would have done extcn\1ve damlgc to the blades. ll1en.on Fnday, November 27. 1992, Hcnnesscc h3d received an unsigned letter at the company offices staung that "the end is near." This was what prompr.cd him 10 set a watch on the plnnt and ll1e North Carohnn State Bwcau of fnvcstign1ion is assisting the Mncon County Sheriff's Department 111 the mvcsugation of the recent lll'SOn. OfflCCrS said that mal.Crials had been sent 10 Raleigh for annlysis, 001 that it was too C3rly in the mves1ig;ition 10 say anything about iL, progress. ~tuah Joumat· PmJ" 20 TRYING cmCUMSTANCES FOR CHAMPION Na1ural World News Sarvicc APPEALS UPHELD Nlllnl World News Sovicc In September, 1992, the US Congiess voccd 111 favor of a bill supponing the nghLof the public to appeal Forest Service timber sales. When it was signed by the prcsiden1 Im.ct in the fall. the legislation became law. Some were worried lhat pr0visioos added by Sen. Larry Craig (R-ID) would unduly tle the hands of citizens. According to Peter Kirby, Southeast Regional Director of the Wilderness Society, most, but not all, or the problems with the btU have been resolved. Congress has added a section from Sen. Wyche Fowler's (D-GA) earlier measure that requires the Fores1 Service 10 inform the public about proposed actions and provide specific opporwnilics for commenung. In addition, ciw.ens still have 45 days in which to appeal. llOl 30 days as had been proposed in the Craig bill. The bill does add some new restrictions to the right to appeal, however. The Forest Service will only allow persons 10 appeal ifwriucn or oral commentS arc submmcd on the proposed action, or if the Forest Service is notified about the per.;on's mrcrcst in the activlly. The FOi'est Service will only be given 45 days to review an appeal, 001 100 days, as currently allowed. tr the Forest Service does not make a decision with111 45 days, the original decision will stand. Dissatisfied panics will then have lO talce the Forest Service to court or take Lo the uces. REAL BARTERING Nanni World News Scrvia: The Alarka Laurel saga continue.~. The 2,000 acre trael, which cootains a rare spruce bog and a scenic wa1erfall, was 10 be pun:hased by the North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission a~ a game refuge, bU1 lhc shifting winds of stale policies changed lha1 arrangcmcnL • The latest proposal is a bnd swap between the TruM for Pubhc Land (TPt.) and the US Forest Service, F ~ Supemsor Bjorn Dahl hlls proposed thal Al:u-ka Laurel be tmdcd for a t .SOO acre uac1 on Fontaf13 Lake. which would then be made available for priv:ue lkvelopmcnL The TPL 8"0!JP 1s agJcc.ible, and the Swam Coun1y Colnmiss10ncn; seem lO favor the idea. Appro,'DI by Swam County re.~idcnts hlls been a major stumbling block in resolving the fate or the Alarlca Laurel tracL Ncgoumions may be ex1cnclcd, and 1he arrangement would requuc a public hearing, which may be held in Bl)·son City as early as December, 1992, although the date was not available when this issue went lO press. A lawsuit brought against Champion Intemauonal Corporation by seven frunilies ftling on behalf of2.600 homeowners on the Pigeon River and Douglas Lake in Tennessee ended in a mi51rial on October 16, 1992 oficr one month of testimony before the US District coun in Greeneville, TN. The plaintiffs soughl S3.9 million m compens:tlion and S365 million in punitive damages for a decline in the value of their wau:rside propcnies allributable 10 the presence of the highly toxic chemical dioxin, which is produced m the chlorine bleaching process used by Champion in the papcmuwng operations at its Can10n. NC mill. Although the jury was hung on conflicting claims of the virulence of dioxin presenlCd by witnesses called by the plaintiffs and by Champion Corporation, the trial made public unponant infonnation abou1 the company and the way it doe~ business. One willlCSS called lO the stand was retired US Navy Admiral Elmo Zumwalt, who ordclCd the release of Agent Orange, a dioxin-laden defoliant, dunng the war in Vietnam. Zumwal1 told how his son was killed by diseases conU'IICtcd from e,qiosure 10 the herbicide. Knowing whal we do aboul dioxin, said Zumwalt, "it is not only unethical. but reprehensible" for the paper indUSIJ'y to continue 10 produce the cancer-causing c:hemieal. Al Smith, a rcured deputy director of the Environmental Protection Agency who worked closely with the Champion permitting process in 1987-88, also testified for the plaintiffs. He contended against consiant objections by defense auomeys for 90 minu1CS on the stand as he tried 10 tell in detail how Champion staged an elaborate campaign 10 manipulate public opinion on the issue of the Canton mill's operating permiL He said that he was convinced that Champion's threal to lay off 2,000 workers from the Canton mill for environmental reasons was "a ploy." Attomeys for the plaintiffs also introduced 11 memo from an executive with the Price-McNabb Advertising Company of Asheville, whicll was hired as a consultant for Champion's media campaign. The memo directed that Champion spokespeople should debate the permit "in a manner that tires the puhlic and the media of the ISSue." Phillip NC31, a rewed eng1IIC(I', added creditability to the clnim put forth by environmentalists that Champion was holding the area "economic hostage· to win its way m the permit ballle. During the permit dispute, Oliver Blackwell. then manager of the Canton mill, Slllr.cd rcpe31Cdly that ll was "technologically unfeasible" for the company to meet stale water color rcqu11emcnts. Neal 1esufied tha1 during the same period the company had held a patent on a proces.~ he had designed 10 remove color from the waia. The proce.s~ wa.~ ne,·cr alluded 10 anJ never used, Neal said. In the closing days of the tn31 a real esmte appraiser stated that the threat of dioxin h.ld adv~y affected land price.~ around the lake. S11ll the jury could not reach a clear decision. The plaintiffs declared emphatically thnt the lawsu11 will be brought to trial again. 1Ji1i.t~r, ,1992>"93 �BOISE CASCADE: "THE PUBLIC BE DAMNED! Narural World New, Service Boise Cascade Corporation. one of lhe companies proposing to build chip mill opua1.1ons that would denude foresllands in soulhea.s1m1 Tenne.~. has declared lhat it will proceed with its consu-uction vlans without waiting for a ~hipping pennit required by the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA). If they do not receive a barge permit, the timber giant would send the chips to port overland by truck instead of on the river. Because or overwhelming opposition to the dcstrucuve chip mills eitpre.ssed at public bearings, TV A has been "leaning against" offering the permits to the chip mills (see KaJuah Journal 1136). Boise Cascade has put off construction uni.ii January, and environmentalists are wondering if their move is nOl a bluff designed lO force TV A's hand. Local activist Bob Mitchell of the Tennessee Valley Hardwood Alliance was quoc.ed in the Chananoogo Times as saying, "They think that if they go in and destroy the beauty along the river ahead or time, there won't be anything lO argue abouL The whole region is against these people, and it's going lO be a continuous media event if they try to come in hero. "Even 1f it is a bluff, they will have destroyed that section of the river." The local group Tennessans, Gcorgit111s, ond Alabamans for Environmental Responsibility (fAGER), which came together over the chip mill issue, has raised the possibility of calling a national boycou of Boise Cascade if the corporation proceeds with its construetion plans. That decision, too, is on hold until Boise Cascade makes its intentions clC3l'. ART ROWE v. FREE SPEECH NIIIUnl Wedd News Service It seems that the Forest Service has been gerung testy about its image lately. Earlier this year, the Daniel Boone National Forest wrote threatening letters to activists, falsely claiming that the display or Smokey the Bear caricatures was illegal. Recently, Paul Myer.;, a member of the environmental group SoothPAW, attempted lO distribute a mer to visiior.i at the offices of the Pisgah Ranger District and posted a copy on the public bulletin bo:ird. The flier simply asks readers to comment on the draft amendments to the Pisgah/Nantahala management pion before December 16. ltencoumges support for formulating a plan alternative that protcets the Pisgah/Nantahala National Fore.sis as naturally functioning ccosyStems. makes ecological restoration a primary go31, and ends ta~payer-subsidiu:d logging on these public rorests. When Myers discovered that Dislricl Ranger Arl Rowe had taken down the flier, he contacted the district ranger, asking whal he needed io do to post and/Or distribute the Dier. Rowe advised Myers against even distributing the flier, saying that he was "not sure if there is any appropriate authormu.ion" and that "there are rules a.~ to what can and can't be distributed.· Recent coun cases do not suppon Lhis position. Alier the Foresl Service tried to censor signs in the wc.~tcm US. the Department of AgriculbJJC baned the Forest Service from interfering with the right of free speech. The Forest Service could only specify where the distributors could go. and even then, only when there was a clear danger to public safety. Fortst Wateh, a publication or'Cascade Holistic Economic Consul1811ts, observes that the Forest Service typically discourages activities that cast it in a poor light II uses intimidolion when this ploy docs DOl work. Myers believes that Art Rowe is uying to delay distribution of the SoulhPAW fliers until after the deadline for public comment on the plan amendment Stnd fellers on the Forest Plan to: SowhPAW; 3 CI/JXlcm Pl.; Aihe vi/It, NC 28801. They will be prtunttd to the Forest Suvict by December 16. GEORGIA EXPANDS LIST Nanni World News Service Georgia has added 135 species to the 79 species currently proc.ectcd under its suue endangered species acL The upandcd list includes a large number of threatened and endangered planis, birds, and mussels native lO the Appalachians, including the monkey-face orchid (PlaJanthera inlegrilabia), a rare plnnt found near wetlands. The list was expanded in sp11c of objections by a lobbyist for Sea Island n:oort, Union Camp Corporauon, and Georgia-Pacific Corporauon who claimed that the additions would interfere with priv:uc property rights. The Georgia Department ofNawral Rcsoun:cs did not find this claim plau.~iblc: the Georgia endangered species act applies only lO statc~ed lands and federnl lands managed through coopcmuvc agreements with the Sllllc. In addition, national forests typically protect state listed species under a "protcetcd" or "sensitive" species de..~gnation. (c:onlinuod on page 29) For more informo.tion or 10 help fig hi 1/te chip mills, contact TAGER: Box 764: Sowh Pi11sburg, TN 37380 SHOW SOME IMPROVEMENT Nawnl World New, Service North Carolinians are hoping that recent Transportation Improvement Program (TIP) hearings will be a springboard for saner uanspon.ation policy. Members of the newly formed NC Allillnce for Transportation Reform spoke at the hearings for the fina time, advocating a switch to lJ'lUns, buses, van pools, bicycles, 1111d foot-power. At a hearing in Morganion. member.; or the group chided the NC Department of Transportation for focusing single-mindedly on new rood construction while ignoring alternative transpOl'1lltion, better planning, maintennnce of exisung roads, nnd other mOfC cost-effective systems. They cited othct serious costs associated with rood-building, such as declines in wildlife populations and air quality. WNC Alliance Transportation Task Force member Jim Barnes, who came to speak against four-lamng portions of U.S. 221, noted tha1 the NC DOT seemed lO be acting on its own narrow pohucal agenda more than on the public's behalf. Barnes, a com bot veieran, quoted a swement by Secretary of Transportatioo Thomas Harrelsoo that implied that people wocking for transponation rcfOITll were pan or the "CCCP" (Russian communists) and told DOT lO stop the auacks. ~- ....,i ,./r.t_,,.,._ ......... ·~·...· ~ CLEARCUTS in Crandfoth<:r Ranger Obtnct Pi~g;th N•lt0Ml Fol'\'!\t 1967-1992 • • ~IS _ ... Wa1t-r,htrd-,. - - -Watrrway, --r,,g.i.o.w.s...., - , COUJ1171.J,,oo «:. _ _ US....,_~..._.,,__,,.,,,..,,lltrp•u-'""&MM-111,.._,111,,-, . ,.....__,t._&,__..W'ftt._Mll ... lWa. Send wrillen comments on tM TIP 10: Thomas llarrefson, Secretary ofTransP«tmion; J/ighway Building: 1 S. Wilmington St.; Rakigh, NC 2761 l To become a 1ranspona1ion reformer, write: NC AtlitJ11Cefor Transpor101ion Reform: P.O. Box 1002: Chapel Iii/I, NC 27514 ,,.,inter-, 1992,..93 This map was produced for the Foothills Environmental Alliance (FEA) by Rob Messick to document the extent of clearcutting on the "Grnndfathcr Ranger Desert" in the Ptsgllh N11tional ForesL The Allmnce i.1 calling for an end io clearcutting on public lands in lhe diwict, saying thal. so many acres have already been logged that the cumulative effects of so much cutting have affected the area as a whole. Fore.st Service Ranger Mike Anderson has refused to meet with the FEA, so lhe group ha.~ taken their map and their appeal to the media and the public. �MANDALAS by Rob Messick �Michael Thompson was raised in Kentucky and Indiana. His formal education was at Eastern Kentucky University and the University of Tennessee. Michael started his artistic career as a porcelain artist; his porcelain pieces are in many states and several countries. His pen and ink works have been published in Kat11ah Journal and Appalachian Heritage. He has illustrated several booklets and one book. He now lives in Berea, Kentucky where he works in aniques and porcelain restoration. !Ji.nter ,' 1992-93 �POEMS The sun of my mind rises Nourishing and encouraging The growing branches of my heart's wisdom With an enlightened mind And a heart as strong As an old oak tree My body can face the wind And call to joy. The View from Hawk's Nest Pegl 'Tire world's longest steel, arch bridge with a single span of 1700 feet opened on Oct. 22, 1977, as an integral part of West Virginia's interstate system." - from a post card text When the aliens came, they couldn't seem to stand it; They looked at it, some of them even admired it; Had said: "Overthere shall be a sanctuary for Whomever"? The huge gorge, the swift-running river below, the long ages of slow carving; Instead, they ran roughshod right over the canyon; But then they had to get somewhere else; So they spun long strands of steel, and spanned the chasm; they straddled it. What if, standing here for the first time, seeing it, they had decided instead to stop? Had said: ''No, this is it, we go no farther, this edge will suffice"? Had said: "No, what is over there will be theirs who have it"? (Mostly deer, sun-motUed trees, and rhododendron;) Had said: "Let that be the Overthere where we celebrate our restraint"? Xatimh Journot pngc 24 In hardly more than an instant they bridged all that had taken the water forever to open up; And hurriedly went on their way scurrying evermore west to the Earth's end; Then, lo, one particular day, they came back; "Bridge Day," they called it; They dangled ropes down and climbed up it; they put parachutes on and jumped off it; they raced their motorcycles over u; they laughed and then picnicked upon it; 'Once each year we'll come again and mock this gorge," they said; "Once each year we'll have 'Bridge Day'." by Gerald George l,.lu1 trr. 1992- 93 �... . . •. ... ... ~. .......................•.. .. ··•..... l.Jtnu r , 1992-93 . . .. . .. .. . .;~ �DRUMMING Ocnr Kataali, Hey Rob • way 10 go. Looks like you got your anal complex in ncwsprinL Most folks just pu1 it on 1hc outhouse wall or I.ell bath.room jokes to their friends. 111 bel you've grossed ouI half of Kauiah Province. P.Winklor Hickory.NC Ocnr Karuah, Re: lhe "CMOOn" in the Fall '92 Kauiah. "the b10-movcmcnt.•. it's as slow as a bowel movcmcnL• • now CRUDE I not lO mention inaccurate (rm sorry to learn Mr. Messick is constipatcd, but please SJXITC us, your readers, this kind of knowledge in your last 3 h.~c.~). Un<:igncd Charlouc. NC • Reply: Than! you for your commtnt.r. I suppou you tw0 think that art should ncvtr be ojftnsiw:. I don't agree with that. Man) comics and artists use the irracioMI 10 get a pomt acros.r. They also play with taboo sub;ects rtgularly. FrtJ/lltly I have mtt too many tnvirollflll!ntalists who haw: diffic11/ty laughing 01 tht:mstlvts. In the Fall, /991 issuto/Kat~nh Wt" pla}'l!d with tht sumingly sacrosanct KatuahJournaJ logo and it becamt Granola Journal/or this vuy reason Why is it that the sense of humor is among the most controversial of human pursuits? The "Ka1'1ah Ko,rfu.sion~ comic in isslll! 36 hod a play on words that was IIOl =ant to be 1~11 this seriously. I/you would liu to see m()Tt: ufmy 'anal comp/a' please re/t:r 10 Katuah Journal issut 1112 (Summn- 1986) 111 an article t!nlitled "The Sacred Sca,ab"for which I cartooned idtas the Kauiah edito~ hod aboui scarab beet/ts raking care of the sort of miff )'OIi fuul III ou1l,ouses. 1/appy body funcnons! · RM De.u-Katuah, I was inl.CrCSICd to read the review of Kattiah iffl!e #34 in lhc latesl issue of Anarchy mnga.,me. 1lle mrun reason I've written is bccnu.w rm fa1tly heavily involved with lhe UK Earth First! nelwork and am presently beginning 10 compile an nnicle on the Iheme of·Rcfon:sting the Eanh." My intent in producing this article for the UK Emth F'l/'SlJ magll7.ine called Wild is: I) Because a (X)lll~ve n:fon:stmion drive would go a long way to mitigaung many of the disasuous side cffeCLS.of our presenl way of life (who knows, it could even ushet m a ocw "modem primitive• golden age, and talce lhc l)fCSSW\l off our animal brothers and sisterS). 2) It means that us radical c:nvironmentaliStS can be proactive rather lhan reactive • seuing our own agenda rather than always decrying "theirs.• lt is not enough jUSl lO oppose.. A pc)Siti ve vision o( ours acts as a binding force and gives us something 10 strive for mthcr lhan fight agrunsL 3) Living in lhe United Kingdom I yearn for a wilderness, an unn:gulaled expanse. Seeing an American wilderness (of a kind) - Yosemite· had a profound cffCCl on me. XAt6bh. )outnat page 26 4) The planting of U'CCS seems 10 me lO be very life-affuming - a way 10 give somelhing back (or "pay the rent," as US EF! people say). It is a way to create something rather lhan prevent something rrom being desaoyed. I see lhc article as having two secLJons. 1lle fu;t will cover and promoli: groups already engngcd m reforestation - e.g. Trees for Life. Scottish Tree Trust, Sacred Tree Trust, Reforesting Scotland in lhe UK. Gccen Bell in Kenya. Si-A-Paz in Nie4ragua, clC. The second will promote the idea of a uec-based life itself and ex:imine lhc pr05pCCts for tl1is THE. LAST~F~~ l<ATUANS Dear Kataali, My deepest thanks 10 all of you for Ka16uh Journal. It was really good reading, and rm sorry nex1 summer it will be all over. Please, jf You plan 10 publish Katuah again in the future, or any other journal or books. le! me know. Good Luck To All of You, Giuseppe Moretti Man10va. l181y Dear Katuah, We are two historians Crom Austria. For about 1en years we worlt and publish on new spiritual and alcem:itive movements. At the same time we are p:in of lhese movements by ourselves. We are both acLJve in lhc non-prol'it association "For the Earth, for Life/Working Circle Hopi. Auslri3" which suppons traditional lnduln issues and promou:.s spiritual practices in the: Gennan-spcalcing an:a. After the decline of communism in Eastern Europe there is an increasing 1endcncy toward a new regionalism throughout lhc continent. We con5idcr the bioregionaJ,sm a~ a very tn!Cl'Cs.tmg alternative to the estabhshcd stau:-sysiem. We want lO inronn the public rn the German-speaking coonincs by means of sc1cn1ilic work about biorcgionalism which b unknown in Europe. So we request your help by sending us information material on your specific work and acuviucs, and by answering the following questions: • Is your vision of bioregionalism connected with an egaliianan, hierarchical, or other order of society? (which) • Arc foreign people wekome in bioregional areas or is it the aim of bioregionahsm that pc,ople 01 foreign cullll/'U - e11cluded? •There is a big con~uon of biorcg1011al idea~ with Nauve Amcncans. ls there any coopcrall<>n and/or do you SUPJlOll Indian land rights struggles cu:.? We are looking fOfWlltd lo hearing from you. Sinc:crely Yours. Dr. &luard Gugcnbager Dr. Roman Schwcidlcnka A-8984 Kainisc:h 29 Austria, Europe Dear Katuah. I fll'St read Karuah JourMI boci wilh issue 1127. I luld ;ust finished 1wo year. with the Peace Corps in the Philil'fl111CS, and had rclWllcd home 10 Ellijay, GA 10 visit with my Dad. The arucle by Richard Lowenthal :ibo1.1t personal and plancwy healing blew me away. I remember I sat on lhe public bench in front of the Dallon, GA pos1 office and read lhc: article by Lisa Sarasohn about the belly. "If we are lO heal the Eanh, let us st.art as close to home as possible, let us Stan with the ponion of the Erulh which is our bodies.· Since I.hen our wife delivered our fll'Sl child. as a future social model as oovocated by the Such words wri11en by lots of d1ffcrcnl people over Movement for Compassionate Living. George these past few years It.we helped me so much. Mostly French, permaculturists, and so on. I'm quiet, but I feel reassurance m knowing thal Your publication sounded like ii would be others feel things like me. worth reading in n:la!Jon lO this article. If you know What's most imponant for y'all publishing 1hc of any Cun.her relevant matuial, such as lhal I have journal 1s your own healths. Maybe if the journal is outlined above, I'd be very grateful 10 hear from you. diffic:ull to pull iogether using just volunteer input, Youn Sincerely, we could increase our yearly subscnplion to say Dominic Franklin twenty-Ii ve dollars, and then have a small stipend for Brighton,UK lhe core members of the SUlff. I think that Ka1uah semis out a really powetful voice, and I think lhlll ,n times 10 come we'll sec more and more people looking ror such a voice in lhelf search for lhclf place in this Great Life. In appreciation, Scou Richardson Baguio City, Philippines Drawing by Dous Ellioct JJi.ntei. 1992-~ �Dear Kan1ah, ...... ... ..r _; ~-· ... . .... I '·· ·-' (\ : ,fl., ... .. ,• ....~ ··· /-.: i·.. • ) _.: .... ~ \ ·.... ·.......... c::::~ Dear Katuah, 1 ••···: ·--.... l ! ~ { .-:;::> '·-.... ........ ·, ..........··......... ··--...· ILL MISS YOU! BIGTIME With Love, Peace, and Hope for the Future, HalWlllSOn M:ith The Noturt Con.m-wincy Minneapolis. MN _. Thanks C« all your work. We love Katuah Journal and will miss you! The Magic Fac10ry Rome.GA DcarKatuah, lwassoodcnedbytheannoonccmentto discontinue publication of Katuah Journal. Your contnl>ution lO bioregional awan:ncss and thinking has reached beyond K.alliah. The mspuation the joomal has provided for me will be missed• The best to all of you, Tom Hawkins Ravenna.OH Dear Ka1uah, So SrKry to hear you all are ceasing publication • this truly is tht btst biortgional journal in the country! Dear Kataah, Dear Katuah. We recently came to North Carolina to camp in the Sunburst area of Pisgah National Forest. We were there for a weelc and had an opportwlity to visit Cherokee, NC. On the way into the city we passed an interesting edifice which turned out to be Native Traditions, the non-profit organization which suppons experiential education for youth. We wmed in because I thought it was a herb shop and I have a great interest in herbs. (If you know the store perhaps you will understand my mistake.) I was delighted with the enterpnse, even though it wasn't a herb store. My two boys and I were fascinated with the items oCfered frK sale, along with the lending library and Sequoyah Trueblood's concept. While paying ror two crystals the boys had selected. I spotted a C-Opy of Ka111ah Journal on a nearby uibtc. I reached frK a copy 10 add 10 the purchase thinking it was a Cherokee local newsletter and that it would be intem.ting 10 road. The young Indy at the counter would take no payment for ill J wn.~ further impres.,;oo! However I was even more impressed when I finished reading that summer 1992 issue! So impressed that I would like lO ~ubscribe. I subscn'bc to Circlt Ntrworlc News from Wisconsin, Mymcal Realms"from Briton, nnd \Vild and Wudy from ldaho. Thi.~ Katuah Journal is a good counter JlOlnl . I enjoyed it! Thanks again , C. L. Mahoney Ros.~ford, OH "Now is tht Season of Dying Tht Long Dark Night A'bornin' Bui sh.hh! Usttn... The Trus Stand Tall A'gin the Bi11u Wind Awaitm' tht warm glqwA' Morniri'." DearKatuah, Your publicauon 1s right on targeL To me. ltving close to the L'l.lld is the most imponant thing we can do. I am glad 10 send you $50.00 for ALL of your remaining back l~sues. They will become a valued pan of my library as I learn to live hannoniously with my biacgion - The Mississippi River Delta. Long Live the E.arth, George Nctwcrlccr New Orleans, LA (The Forest's W/lll'ERSONG) I was saddened by your news. The passing of an important piece of all our lives - but I'm glad to have known and been a pan of Katuah for the time I was. Peace, Fran Freudcnbcrgcr Hendersonville. NC Thankyou, Dana Vandcr Els Winooski, VT Dear Katuah. Sad news indeed! Have you considered trying to get some foundation in the region to underwrite three years of an editor's salary rK wha1evcr expense is most critical? Send two copies of Katuah Journal with your proposal, and who knows, it might w«k. The Dirtctory of Foundalions is probably available at you local library. Keep Katuah Afloat! Ken Morrison Babson Park. FL Dear Ka1uah. Dear Katuah, Sorry 10 hear about KDluah's ceasing pubIic31ion. A line J()umal which will be hasd to top. I wish all of you well and thank you frK your years of service to the people of the province and the rest of us lucky enough IO come across iL Regard.~ Onwings by Rob Messick LccMcm:r Baltimore, MD Although l did expect it sooner or later I still hoped 1wouldn't sec the ad on Page 34 Fall '92 saying good-bye. It was through Katuah Journal that I rully wised up 10 natural resources • the w:iy they were, arc. and can be again - and I can't po~bly thank you all enough for that , At least you arc going out with dignity, aware that you did reach a lot o f ~ with your message of hope, expressed so beautifully in your "Statement of Purpose." It is my hope that you can, in the foreseeable future, once again send II voice. •• if not. you have accomplished much anyhow. In closing, for th,: benefit of anyone who IS interested in gaming good insight mto just how esscnual lltCS arc to human life, and how wonderous they an: up close, may I sugg~ a book cnlltlcd rhir Green World written in 1942 by Rutherford Plan. in reprint now through Dodd. Mead, and Company. Mr. Plait undcrnood ucts, and his love for them shows through. Though an amrueur Mtumlist. hi5 knowledge SUrplSSCd many "eitpertS" and This Grun World e:imed him the Burroughs Awanl as the year's forcmosi literary worlt in nature writing. I urge folks 10 get this book, if no others. (continllCd on ne,,1 P"&e) XA~,Jin.m9':, ~~. �Dear Katualt, It m:ilccs me snd 10 think about Kaluoh Journal being put to sleep! Fondly, B31tara Wickersham Knoxville, TN (continued from pa;;c 27) Again, lhank you :ill ror guidance when I mo5t needed n worthwhile dinx:llon an life • II won't be forg01ten ..• P.S, - I'd like 10 extend a "good day!" IO S:tm Booher, 'l'hcthcr he i, or isn't rcl31Cd lO the B«>hcrs in £ar Eastern Tennessee. A brother manicd into that clan fnr a while. Keep lhe Path, Jclfl.achary Dear Kllluoh, Thanks for all your good work through the years. Katualt has been 311 inspiration! Pcac:e and Slmhinc, Bob Fairchild E:l.slCmKenwcky Appropriate Technologies Oe.,r Kllluah, I nm oorry lO discover your journal jUSl as it is about IO cease publication. I am currently a graduate student in Foresuy a1 Notth Carolina S131e University. I hope to S1Jlr1 a homestead in the North Carolina Appalachian Mountains soon. Pcrh3ps some day we will meet? Peace, DcnnisOwnond Raleigh.NC Oeat'Klllu,Jh, I am sorry to hear that you will be CC3Slng publiaillon... Katuah 1s a ftl!C joumal and it will be sorely missed! Jennifer Brownlie Gulf B=.c. FL Dc:it Kattlah, We nre sorry to hear about KatJiah Jour11i1I eea~ing publication. especially ~incc we~ recently 1hscovcroo )'OU • •a voice in the waldeme."-'1.• I would also lake to order a near complete sci of lxK le issues. Good luck ond thank you. Cyntlua Maddo~ and Ben C.ampbcll Gn:cnsbom. NC Xoti,ah Journni patJC 28 De:irKotiiah. Sorry 10 hear I.hat Katuoh Journal will stop publicution. Best Wish<:s for the future. Bartxua WhiLCner Salisbury. NC Dear Katualt. We am very sad to hear you will cease publishing Katuoh Journal, We look forward IO each issue. it always lirts our spiriii; ro tCad the ankles and poems. Good luck 10 you all in your future cndca\'Ol'S. Peace, Steve and Jo Knight Allanm,GA Dear Kat(wh, I'd Ii.kc 10 obtain a copy of lhc l:iiest issue of Katiiah JourNJI fcawriog rorcsis, wood woit. and wood workers. Heard that this might be your final issue. ll<>pe it's 1101 true. Every issue I've seen has been absolutely lop notch • mieresting, relevant, cullurally and biorcg.,onally enrich111g. Please say 11 ain·1 sol Thanks very much. OaveKahnn Full Circle Foresuy Gaiberville. CA D.:arKatualt, We are compilmg and editing a ·Good Wood' guide that lisis source.~ of suruinably-h:u'vc~tild wood. and produclS mruJe thereof Do you have any leads for producers in yOllr area that might be mlCl'C6ted? Also, our new ncwslcucr 1s coming 001 an a week or two· would you like LO uchange? We all were 1mpr-cs,;ed by your journal, and were sorry to hear you're closing down. Thanks, Ken lll~titu1c for Sustainable Fon:s1ry P.O. Box 1580 Redway, CA 95560 Pnnt by Laura Braolt Janun • agt II DearKatwh, Over the years I've wriucn about the U.S. Forest Service. May I inlJ'Oduce the Association of Forest Service Employees for Environmental Ethics (AFSEEE)? Among its members arc over 2,000 profcss1on:ils m the Forest Service. They am very upset with the polilici.iation of the U.S. Forest Scr.•ice wherein it no longer serves the best intcreslS or the public. Therefore they are sharing infonnalion to bring about reforms. He.re are quoc.ntions from information they have provided on how to save our National Forests from waste. "U.S. National Forests I) supply only 14% of U.S. wood producis 2) comprise only 8.5% or our country's land lllC3 3) contain SO~of rtffl3ining wildlife habitat in the U.S. 4) supply SO% of the cold-wrucr fisheries habitat in 1he U.S. S) provide abundant clean water and air 6) make up lhe I.isl remaining S% of our native forests in I.he conlinerual U.S. 7) and represent the la~t vestiges or functioning ccosysiems. critical for the preservation of remaining biological diva,;ity. These environr11Cnl:il value.~ eannoc be supplied anywhere else: they can only be found on our remaining public lands. The U.S. does 001 need more wood from the N;11ional f-orcs1s. Consider the following !.implc conservution and recychng ~ll'lllcgy. which would mon: 1han make up for lhecurrcnt 14% or wood products coming from U.S. National Forests: • Increasing the efficiency or our mills in the U.S. IO literally cul mare wood Crom each log. Technology aln::idy ovailnblc and being used in J:ipan would increase our "supply" a full 27%-. almost double what comes Crom National Forests. • Using mon: post-consumer recycled paper producis, making use of both sides of paper. reducing the use of di~lc paper producL~. and eliminating wood wa5te in lhc construction process. These steps m addiuon 10 mill efficiency would save us 50% of the trees we are cutting now • nearly four times the wood coming from National ForesL~. While AFSEEE is not necessarily advocating a halt to public lands devcloprl!Cnl and logging, we do advoe;ite a complete mor310nurn on any development of remaining roadless an::is or old growth. AFSEEE says unul we instJtutc a simple, rauonal conscrvuuon and recycling strategy, the public shOuld not have to give up the incredible cnvironmenllll values or our Notional Fore.,ts for a mere 14% of the wood prducL~ supply. Nor should we lose hundreds of m1lhons of our tax dollnrs m selling lhe heritage of our National Fore,, lands to tamber companies for lhesc unnCCCS'iaf)' wood producL,. • Oc:ir wise friend.,! Un51Crupulous Limber mtcre,L\ pn:,;cnUy conuol lhc admini~ll'lltion and Congreis and are quietly aucmpting to PG"-~ laws so tha1 they can loot our and our children's hcril!lgc. the b,1 rcinnining 5% or ancient forests. Subscribing to lnnrr Voiu (P.O. Box I 1615; Eugene, OR 97440) \\11l help ket'p you infonned. Our conccm:d western cousins need our help 10 save our ancient trees and the life tl1cy suppon. Congrcs~mcn who defer to such special unscrupulous mtcrc51., again~! the public good arc 1m:spoosiblc, de.~f\·ing or a hfe-long vacallon. :111d should be so informed politely. Won't you please help for the :sake of your grnnd.hlltlrcn? Yoo havi: the time and the means. Ancient tn:cs contJnuc to fall n~,ly. Z. Andrew Gerry FranJJan,NC lvint.cr, I qgz-93 I �(continued from page 21) BAD OPPORTUNITY TIMBER SALE APPEALED • BY INDUSTRY! Nllllnl World Nc,ws Sttvi« N•unl World News Set\<icc Following an order from lhe ccnuul office of lhe Southern Region of lhe US Forest ScN1ce. the Jefferson National Foresl has stopped issuing decision nouccs for Opponunity Areas (OAs). OAs average 7,600 acre.~ each on the Jefferson Under the old system, lhe Forest Service issued one-t,me decision notices for mosl ForesL Service ocuv111cs in 311 OA over a period of live or more ycru-s. Freed Crom the rcsLraintS of lhe old sySI.Cm, lhe Forc.~1 Service is planning a flurry or umber "3lcs. ll h:is begun using a rudimentary, nonbinding OA document lhat offers linle hope for expaod.ing nongame habiuu, special areas. or semiprimitivc recreational opportunities. Environmenial groups have nol been qwct., however. In October, represenialives of lhe CitilcrtS' Ta.~k Force for Foresl Management, the Appalachian Trail Conference, SoulhPAW, and the timber llldustry met with Ille Deputy Regional Forcsccr. Only lhe timber industry backed !he change. A second meeting is planned, lhis lime with Regional Forester John Alcock. The Cili,.ens' Tiwt Force ha. provided Alcock wilh a number of aises and materials on the OA system. The group has reminded him lha1 it was he who signed the f0test pl3n aficr lhe OA sysicm was worked OUL The Task Force argues lhat lhe OA system was designed 10 compensate for an otherwise deficient plan. Wilhout it, lhe Jefferson 1'ational FOfCSI is essentiBlly ·ptanless." and must begin opernting on imcrim guidelines until a satisfactory new plan is approved. To lhe nonh, !he George Washington National Forest has been operating on interim guidelines for several years. The C1tiicns· Ta.~ Force ha.~ enlistO<I lhe help of the Sou1hem Environmental Law Centec in preparing its If 1mit1tion is lhe sincetest form of noucry, then lhe Muluple Use Council JUSI /o~s Lhe region's environmental groups! ~timber industry advocacy group adopted an environmcnlalist iactic m Scpccmbcr, 1992 by entering an odmmistralive appcaJ wilh lhe US Forc.~1 SeN1cc on the Sugarhouse Cove limber sale. Sugarhouse Cove is in lhe Big Ivy area of nonh Buncombe County. Big Ivy IS known for us biolog1cal diversity and has been recommended 3S a biological reserve by a coalition of scientists and activists (Si:i!K01uahJourna/ #34). Ths substance of the induSLry appeal was an hi~1orical oulline or the Big Ivy area and a stand history of Lhe timber sale companmcnts. The h1~1orical oullinc went back JO J)IC-Columbian times and traced a history of human use up JO lhe present day. The comention or lhc appca) is lhat lhe umber sale should be expanded. The reasoning is that because there arc species of threatened pl.ants in Big Ivy and becaleiC much of Dig Ivy has experienced periodic human dislurbance, "lhe question might be raised" Ihm "site disturbance is necessary 10 lhcse plants and !he lack of site disuub:lnce may bar lheir recovery as a species." The obvious flaw in lhe logic of the appeal is 1h31 no cause-and-effect relationship is ~hown. Because there are lhrcatcned plant species in an area 1h31 experienced human disuu-bance does not mean lhnl the planlS arc dependent upon diSlurbancc. Much more prolxlble for species of native woodland plontS IS that they are continuing to exist in lhc area in spite of disuubances. The particular species in question were not named in lhc industry's appeal. If disturbance oncouraged lhrealClled plan15, lhc highly disturbed areas or human habilation all around lhc national forests would be rife wilh rare and endangered plant species. Unfonunately, this is not the case. Native species need nauve habitat.. which for the rare forest plantS is lhe old-growlh hardwood foresL For many speci.:s, the public lands are their los1 refuge, and i n ~ human use is lhreatening lheu last haven. Enlightening as is the dissertation on lhe history of the human use or the Big Ivy area, 11 in no way makes an across-the-board case that race plant~ require clcarcuis. case. For more in[ormarion. write: Citizens' Taslc Foret; 2753 Tanglewood Dr. SW; Roanoke, Va. 24018 ROADS CRISSCROSS PARKWAY Narura! World News Service It's lhe law! An obscure passage in !he 1989 North Carolina Highway Trust Fund Act bas cituens· groups and Blue Ridge Parlcway orrtcials worried. Tucked in among the other verbiage is a clause that requires the st:ite 10 rave all its roads - 17,000 miles wnhm IS y~. Fifty to 60 of lhese roads cross lhc Blue Ridge Parkway. When lhe Parkway wa.~ e~Lilbli!Jled as 11 nauonal park, the North Carolina and Virginia Dcpanments ofTran.,ponauoo (OOTs) n:ccived all nghtS of way foe inlefSCcung public roads. The Parkway administration is therefore Lrying to v.ork coopcrauvely w1lh lhe NC DOT. Accordmg to Ranger Jim Fox, lhc Patkway has an cxt.cnsive da1.1ba.o;c on rare plant communities and archaoological sues. It will urge DOT to avoid these are:is and to m.'lke changes whenever road plan~ CJlCOUl'3gc increased uuffte and high speed driving on the 1l3Jtway. Citi,cos groups arc also dismayed by the proposal. Paul Pritchard of the National Parks Md Conservation A~iation has exprcssoo concern about the project's potential to interfere wilh wildlife comdocs along the Parkway, In an Asheville Ciri1e11-Timn artlclc. he stated, "the moce we cut it up, lhe more difficult il is for nalllle to survive the acts of mon." lo>u1ter, 1992-93 OPEN SEASON ON COYOTE Natural World New. Serv,a, CO)'OIC 1, ptrSOfl(J flOfl grata in lhe Stale or North Carolina. The NC Wildlife Rcsoum:sCommis~ion 0.-/CWRC) has cl~ilied the coyoie as a •non-game wildlife specie.~· (hke a groundhog) and is proposing an open, urucstciclcd hunung = n on lhc wil>· canine. Since large nauvc preda10rs have been extcrmina1ed in lhe Sou1hcast. ll1crc has been an open niche in lhe area ecosystem, To fill Lha1 niche, the coy01e has migrated into Nonh Carolina from the wc~1 and has naturnli,cd itself in the Kaniah biorcgion and lhc wesiem piedmont Pockcis of coyoc.c i;culcment have also occurred 1n lhe caslCm part of the st.11e, probably as a rc~uh of human intrOduction. Coyotes arc opportunistic cau:rs. They are naturally prcda!Or'i, :ind will hunt animal~ as laq:e as deer down JO animals as small os rabbits, bird.~. rut.~, and mice. But coyoccs eat whatever is easiest JO find, which may perhaps be scavenged carrion or plant materials. They also will take domestic livC$tock - calvci;, turkeys. chickens, or pig.~. In doing so, lhcy rove run afoul of farmers, who ha\'C :i strong political VOICC. Whecc coyotes e.~lish lhemsclves, the red fox disappears - either outcompel.Cd or killed outright by lhe coyote. Foi1 hunters arc but a small part of the NCWRC con.~utucncy. but lhcy. 100, arc vocal and consti1u1e a strong lobbymg group for !heir aclivilie~. Thus an open season on lhis "undesirable alien." "Nobody believes lhnt lhe coyote population can be eradicated, but we don't want JO hinder anybody's cffons to conLrOI a specific situauon; says Peny Sumner of lhe NCWRC. The coyote may also have a damaging effect on nl!CmptS to reintroduce lhe red wolf, anolhec prcd:itor. The budget for red wolf remr.mduction includes money for indemni1ies to farmers who lose livestock lhrough red wolf predation. The small populations or red wolves presently loose III the wild are fairly easy IO moo11or. But if these populations grow, it will become more difficult to tell if a predation incident is caused by a wolf or a coyoie. Any pralation will lhen become "wolf predation" in lhe eyes of formers who will in~is1 on payment. "This could break lhe budget of the wolf progmm, • says Sumner, and could abort Lhc: whole reintroduction proje,cL TOO MANY DEER N&llltll World News Scrvia, In lhe late 1980s, eminent biologists William Alverson, Donald Waller, and Stephen Solheim reported lluu an overabundance of deer was damaguig ran: undcrsiory planlS in Pennsylvama. including some plants also found in lhe Southern Appalachians. Damaged plants were found even in the middle of a 4,07S acre virgin foresL Now a 1992N01ural A.rtas Journal on.icle by Sco11 Miller and Susan Brnuon documen~ lhc imrac1 of deer browsing on lhrealened and endangered pl.inLS across lhe United States. Based on a review of scientific literature on the \ubjcx:1 and interviews wilh 173 scientist..~. na1ural h~niage inventory bo1.0J11sts, Nature Conscrvoncy land stewanls, federal land resource managers, and US foh and Wildlife ci1pcns, Miller and Bratton compiled a list of 98 rare planl~ commonly disturbed by d<XC ovcrbrowsmg. The ~,udy found Lhat fedcrally lhre:itcned and cnd.mgcred plants like lhe Virgini:i round leaf bU'Ch, small-whorled pogonia, and swamp-pink are at ri~. Olhcc pfanl~ native JO Lhc Southern Appalachmn.s are affocled by deer as well: the list mcludcs over 40 Soulbem APJl31achian species IJlCluding spider-lily, gm,;cng, blazing star, Canada lily, Gray's lily, bog twaybladc, Appalachian 1woybladc, 1111d nonhcrn pitcher plont Miller and Brnuon llOIC Lhal deer populauons in many an:a1 are higbct than they have been hisl0rie31ly. They suggCSt that human disturbance, fragmentation. and a high proporuon of early suce. ~iOIUII gro"''lh are contributing 10 the problem. ... In addition, they nnc.1 that fragmentauon makes rare plant communities more a::ccssible to deer. �used cultum'struggling t6 be heard, Iather than being a pioneer on the fringes. Pathelic Art is not an expression of naive resignation, but an acknowledgement that irony, when you're getting gang-banged in an information orgy, is a pipe dream." Ceremonial chairlbcis 1/iie been for thousands of years by many cultures to provide a unifying force to help bond human beings together in a common spirit with shared values and attitudes. The rituals and ceremonies varied, but the basic principles of developing inner awareness and understanding of the Universe were similar. A oon-projir organiUllion called The Fo1111da1io11 For Earth's Ancestral Voices has been Ionned to work specifically on completing the Sound Chamber in Swannanoa, NC. The foundation is seeking donations in order to comp/ere construction of the dome. For more information write: The Foundalion For Earth's Ancestral Voices; 302 Old Fellowship Road; Swannanoa, NC 28778. - from Ralph Rugoff in tht catalog for a show in Los Angeles tilled "Just Palhdic. • Utne Reader, lpg 99) Noo/D« 1992 ~ SOUND CHAMBER IN SWANNANOA SEEKS HELP The World Peace/Sound Chamber being built at the Eanh Center in Swannanoa, NC is the eighteenth such chamber to be constructed. These chambers are scattered around the world in England, Sweden, New Zealand, Switzerland, Australia, Germany, Austria, France Finland, and the United States (in New Mexico, Colorado, Texas, Connecticut, Tennessee, Florida, Georgia, New York, and Nonh Carolina). An unassuming man known as Joseph Rael or Beautiful Painted Arrow is the visionary father of these chambers. Pathetic Art Has Arrived "... although artists throughout history have been able to stand outside society, secure in their ability to define art and to offer social commentary, today they can fill no such vital role. Artists are more marginalized than ever - and these days, marginality means being trapped inside the media c.o~itlt. taoo~ CA.\'\.~ S ?066~ 1804 ~~bl.!:.~,tt.c . 2.8"7 l.5"' "The arc.1'$ oldest and large,;t natural foods grocery • Programs lo encourage self and Earth awareness, Bulk Herbs, Spices, & Grains Vitamins & Supplements WJ1eat, Salt & Yeast-Free Foods Dairy Substitutes Hair & Skill Care Products Beer & Wine Making Supplies celebfotlon. ldnshp and hope. • Youlll Camps • School Programs • Family Camps· Teacher Training • Communery P,ograms • Camp 518/t Traln.,g • Ouldoor Program Consulting PO Box 1306 615-436-6203 whole earth grocery .,,..ka dda of Big Co.., of iradltloru and •Ing, 1bc Boow<-r Dana, Crttn Corn Dance and other, with drum and rank• WHERE THE RAVENS ROOS1 NATURAL MARKET WHOLE FOODS • BULK FOODS • VITAMINES • HERDS • FAT FREE FOODS • TAKE our FOODS . SNACKS . NO SALT, NO CHOLESTEROL 265-2700 823 Blowing Rock Rd Boone, NC 28607 Xatuan Journ<it page 30 • NATURAL ALTERNATIVES FOR HEALTHFUL LIVING 446 e.parkway craft center • suit~ 11 g;itlinburg. tcnncsscc 37738 615-436-6967 -r,; ~ ~ , "'~ 200 W. ~.ing St, Boone, NC 28607 GOHlnbt.rg, Temossoo 3n311 ~ Cherokee 1raJi1ional ,oni:, of Wallie, Calhoun Snrero, AS AN wrffM1>1NQ R)U( Rtco,u)jNI) ff T1U: UUAU o, co,:qun CAS<tTn ""° MoulJTAll< IIOOl!UT $ ll Clmu UNIVllUn'Y 1-IDITAG1c WEJ11XH CAAOUNA Cuuowm:r, NC 28723 (7~} 264-S220 TaDing ua,-es is I monlbly jow'na1 of deep ecology, 111SPiml persooaJ ac:11v1sm rooted in eanhea spnitualil)'. PU! iSSUC$ have feanwd art1clts by Gary Soyder, Statbawk, John Seed, Joaona Macy, Bill Devall, Looe Wolf Circles. Bartiara Mor, eic. Talhng UOW!S speaks for the oatural world aod for 1be rekindling of our own wild spu11. Subscriptions arc $18.00 one year/ $24.00 OUISide U.S. Tallci11g ua,-u 1430 W1tlamette 11367 Eu,aie, OR 97401 503/342-2974 Wtnter, 1992-93 �BOOK REVIEWS: Beyond the Beauty Strip: Saving What's Left of Our Forests - by Mitch Lansky This new book by Mitch Lansky has been touted as one of the most imponant books about the Stale of the environment since Rachel Carson's Silent Spring. Mitch is a resident of Wytopillock, Maine who has become known as a "premier backwoods rebel" challenging many of'the accepted assertions about the timber and wood producl'> indusoies. His book presents clear facts about what has happened to the North Woods and considers the economic, political and social influences that have added to the serious ecological problems there. A major event that spurred the author into action occurcd in 1976 when he watched as planes dropped pesticides on his propeny. rle later sued the company responsible and sraned the citizens group called PEST {Protect our Environment from Sprayed Toxins). PEST was successful in regulating existing spray progams by introducing the use of compunds such as Bt and creating buffer zones. The group disbanded in 1988 after pesticide spraying programs ceased in Maine. Beyond tire Beauty Strip offers a hard look at the effeclS of industrial forest management and the results of "bottom-line" liquidations of forests so prevalent in the I 980's. Mitch has brought together convincing information that points to changes thut must happen in order for business. human communities, and the forests to find a sustainable relationship with one another. As a man who has done many kinds of work in the lumbering trade, and who has thoroughly researched forestry issues, this book is yet another log of evidence in the clarion call for sane forestry! bioregional circles: "Two monsterS have ruined agriculture and country life, as they have ruined cities and city life. These monsters are private speculative ownership of land and the centralized overuse of the factory." It is reassuring to know that the bioregional movement has such able predecessors. "The School of Living is an educational organization dedicated to teaming and teaching the philosophy, practices, and principles of living that are self-empowering for individuals within the general aim of establishing decentralized, ecologically sound, self-governed, and humane communities. All of its resources, but most specifically the land it holds in trust, arc held in responsible stewardship for present and future generations." This is the mission statement of the School of Living which is remarkably similar to the cuhural side of many bioregional statements. The bioregional movement has sought to blend the preservation of regional biodiversity with the maintenance of human cultural concerns while revealing the impacts these forces have on one another. This inherently antagonistic mix.cure has proven 10 be very difficuh to resolve. to say the least. and has in some ways overloaded the bioregional movement to the point where its very wholism is what makes it vulnerable to exclusion as a "fringe idea" by the general populace. No maner how much a good idea appeals to common sense, those seeking social and ecological justice are not in power, and often don't want to be. This book shows again that grassroots groups and individuals acting on their own conscience must continue 10 insist on justice if justice is to manifest in the world. - reviews by Rob Messick THE INST11lJTE FOR DEEP ECOLOGY EDUCATION otrww A 2-Week Summer School in APPUED DEEP ECOLOGY ~f.14,1993 Shet!M R . - C . - , Philo. C4 sn Reshaping Modern Culture: The Story of the School of living and Its FoU11dtr • by Mildred Jensen Loomis lolitt~r. 1992-93 For a listing ofbooks published by rhe School of Living, including Reshaping Modern Culture ($17.50 plus postage), write ro: School of Living; R.D. I, Box 185A; Cochranville, PA /9330 or call (215) 593-6988. This IS I/IUJnsive tramrng for scwtsts, educators. thersp,scs. and community organizers The program will offer sklll bu,fdmg in eco-psychology. restoration ecology. communrr:y mcervention. end new educational tech111ques for transform,ngenv,ronmenr.alvelues end behavior. Join With our diverse faculty m bndg,ng the "gep· between culture end nature, UI' ben end wild, soc,af 1usace end deep ecology. Order from: Tilbury llouse Publishers; The Boston Building; 132 Water S"eet; Gardiner, ME 04345 ($19.95 plus postage). In 1934 Ralph Borsodi founded the School of Living in southeastern Pennsylvania. It soon became a place where advocates ofself-surlicient living and land trusts came 10 work, :.tudy, and live. The author of the book Reshaping Modern Culrure, Mildred Loomis, joined the school soon after its inception and was a leader in work done there until her death in 1986. With a lively inlroduction from Hazel Henderson, this work gives a detailed description of the history of the School of Living and its founder, but it also serves as an inspiration for relative newcomers to decentralization principles in the bioregional movement. The following statement by Borsodi lc.ipt out at me as a confirmation of the same problems we have come up against in Ralph Borsodi wrote prolificly about the errors of modem industrial society, and his argumencs against it are perhaps even more relevant today than when they were first wriuen. Today the School of Living continues his work with projects in community land trusts, permaculture, geonomics, and alternative education, and production of their membership newsleucr Green Revolution. Facu/tymcfude: Joanna Macy, Bilf Devall, Randy Heyes, Elizabeth Roberts, Ed Grumbine, Rechel CARDS byRobl\/~ Get a set of 10 assorted folding cards with artwork as seen in Katiiah Journal. Send $11.25 ppd to: Rob Messick Rt. 8, Box 323 Lenoir, NC 28645 Bagby, Freeman House, David Abrsm, Suphsnis Kiwi, Csrl Anthony, Ds l/id HHnks, Uu Faithom, Alan Drwngson, & ~ ers. Greduer.s credit end Continvin(I Educeaon credit IIVStlBbfe. For brochure ca/I or fax: (3D3) 939-8398 or write THE INST1TUTE FOR DEEP ECOLOGY EDUCATION, Bo.x229D, Boulder, Colorado, B03D6. ,C.Otuan Jolmia!. pn1JC 3 1 �DECEMBER FEBRUARY 20 SW ANNANOA, NC Chanting in the newly completed Peace Chamber held each Swiday at 5 pm. For info, contact The Earth Center; 302 Old Fellowship Rd.; Swannanoa, NC 28778. (704) 298-3935. 21 8 22-27 MARSHALL, NC Ladderback Chairmaking tutorial with Drew Langsner. Traditional woodworlcing skills and use of specialized hand tools. Enrollment limited to two students. $575 includes meals and lodging. Pre-register. For info on this and other tut0riaJs, contact: Country Workshops; 90 MiU Creek Rd.; Marshall, NC 28753. (704) 656-2280. Winter Solstice ST. MARYS, GA 10th Annual Peace Witness and Reunion at Kings Bay Naval Submarine Base. Sponsored by From Trident 10 Life. Contact: Metanoia Community; 1702 Hwy. 70 E.; St Marys, GA 31558. (912) 882-4820. 26-28 HOT SPRINGS, NC Annual New Year's Retreat. Meditation, chanting, and meditative movement to welcome the new year, led by Marcia Rose and John Orr. $295 includes vegan meals and lodging. Pre-register: Dharma Rettcat Center; Rt. 1, Box 34-H; Hot Springs, NC 28743. (704) 622-7112. Full Moon MARCH 27-1/4 8 20 SWANNANOA,NC Fire ceremony offered ror the healing of Earth's waters, held on the 7th of each month. Contact The Earth Center. See · 12/20. 7 Spring Equinox SWANNANOA, NC Sacred sounds workshop offered by Beautiful Painted Arrow (Joseph Rael). For info, cont.act: The Earth Center. See 12/20. 20 8 Full Moon 8 JANUARY Full Moon SWANNANOA, NC Gathering of Tiospaye. Celebration and fellowship with the extended Earth.centered family. Potluck meal. For info, contact The Earth Center. See 12/20. Drawing by Rob Messick 21 SWANNANOA, NC Dedication of the Peace Chamber. Ceremonies will also include initiation of the elders and a Wopelia (''giveaway") of thanksgiving for the completion of the Chamber. Contact: The Eanh Center. See 12/20. - - life's necessiti.csfor kss - - FRENCH BROAD Fooo Co-oP KalmiaCenter, Inc. Sylva, NC (704) 293-3015 Custom tilling, organic fertilizers, kelp meal, colloidal phosphate & many more products and services for abundant gardening and healthful living. rJ ':Thu ~ Sarujy M,,sh Htrb Nurse,y WHOLE FOODS VITAMINS ORGANIC PRODUCE 160 Broadway Asheville, North Carolina Open 7 Days a Week Monday - Friday 9 am - 8 pm Saturday 9 am· 6:30 pm Sunday 12 pm - 5 pm NATIVE FLUTES Two styles mode of cedar or wolnu1 woods In the traditional manner Hawk Littlejohn Sourwood Farm Rt 1, Box 172-L Prospect Hill, NC 27314 (919) 562-3073 WREATHS • POTPOURRI • HERBS • TOPIARY Complete Herb Catalog - $4 Describes more tha11 800 plants from Aloe to Yam,w Rt 2, Surretl Co,•e Road Leicester, North Carolina 28748 Plio11e for appointment to visit (704) 683-2014 lv!.ntcr, 1992-93 �•• ~ BEGINNING CHEROKEE LANGUAGE BOOK supplemented with two casseucs. Suesscs alphabet & proper pronunciauon. The first textbook wriuco for use in ieaching and learning lhe Cherokee langW!gc. (346 pages) $39.95 plus S5.00 shipping. Camlog also available with tapes, books, pipes, dance sticks. drums, feathers, furs, buffalo products nnd more. Craft supplies also availnblc. (please specify). Send $2.00 to the Musknu Trader; P.O. Box 20033; Roanoke. VA 24018. THE ALTERNATIVE READING ROOM · is an unconventional library; free and open to lhe public. Our collection interests include the environment, social and political issues, the media and peace. We have over 200 magazine suoocriptions. The book and video collections also emphasize lhe environment and political concerns. Booics and VCR's can be checked OUL A video player is available for watching films in lhe reading room. Located at 2 Wall St.#114; Asheville, NC 28801 (704) 252-2501. Mon/Wed/Fri 6-gpm • Tues/Thur l 8pm - Sat/Sun l-6pm 0 BACK TO THE SOURCE • is an adventure m the spcciacular beauty of our remaining wilderness nnd is the highest quality backpacking guide sctvice available. We spcciali7,e in small group, minimal ,mpact JOumcys into the most remote wildlands m ,\mcrica. For a brochure wnte: Back to the Source. Lee Mercer; 3611 White Ave; Baltimore, MD 21206. (410) 426-6016. \UTOI\OMF.: DISTRIBUTION - is a unique mail order nnd rCIJlil 0111Jc1, neither •1ef1" nor "right," th:11 cnme-s hanl to find books, magazines, bumperstickcr.., buttons, post cards, lapcs, posters, and ~hirts We rc:iturc items that encourage self-determination and commuruty rather than government or "partisan· !;O(ulions. We dare to dream of a future without o)1Jll'ession, where we aui live m harmony with nnture, while each having all that is needed ror personal dignity, happiness, and hbcny. If these goals interest you, send SI and one 29 cent stamp to receive our catalog: Autonome Distribution; P.O. Box 791191; New Orleans, LA 70179. ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, WATER.AND SANITATION - Dealcr/ill.5t.aller of photovoltaic, micro-hydro, and other independent electric systems, energy conserving bulbs and showcrheads, solar and wood-burning water heaters, cisterns and composti.ng toilets, water filtration, and more: Ekat/EcOIOICCh; 1.50 Gravel Licit Rd.: Dreyfus, KY 40426;phonc((i()6)986-6146. WISE WOMAN TRADmON • Spring Greens Weekend will be held April 30-May 2 in the NC mountains with Whitewolf. L.eam to identify and create med!cmes with the healing herbs or Spring and cclebrat.e the return or Green Life! Suggc.~ doruluon SIOO (~liding scale ror work cxchange): Whit.ewolf; P.O. Boll 576; Asheville, NC 28802. EARTI-1 KEEPER. a quancrly publication rediscovering Ancient Wisdom and ArL Earth Keeper is fcawring articles on native ceremonies, spirituality, crafts, simple living, relationships, an, herbs and plants, recycling, and much more! One year sub!lCriplion foe $14. Two years ror only $24: Earth Keeper; P.O. Box 242-K: Whiuicr, NC 28789. NATIVE AMERICAN CEREMONIALS· feawres handcrafu:d Native American ceremonial supplies. We carry drums, pipes, mules, flutes, pipe bags, feathers, rawhide, swcetgra.Ss, sage, tobaccos, abalone shells, buckskin, cercmonial herbs, bead loom and bell lots. native maps, and more. Free catalog! Nauve American Ceremooials; P.O. Box 1062; Cherokee, NC 28719. HAYWOOD COUNTY - Are you tired or "uavcling" to workshops and "paying" for knowledge? Are you intere.sl.Cd in Mother Earth; bancring products and services; giving/auending workshops in herbalism, beekeeping, auto mechanics, ete.? Not a "club," a community. Call Dana@ (704) 926-8008 or 452-3538 with your ideas. FOUR DIRECTIONS PRODUCTION COMPANY • J>reSCnts the first program in the \•idco series, "Que.st of the Eanh Kccpcrs," a ,;cries on the ritual~. c:anh-hcaling pracuces, and ccremooics ol indigenous cultures around the world. Featured m the first producuon is •Sun Bear/ Vision of the Mcdic,nc Wheel." a video oo persona.I and planetary healing: Four Dircc:uons Producoon Company; P.O. Box 70; Valley Head, AL 35989. Alternatives ... The Dvectnry of lntentw11,,1I Conununitiet ,~ the product Of two years Of J01Cns1ve n:sean:h, illld IS the most comprehensive and occuraw direct.Ory avadal>le. ltdocu· mcnts the ,•1s1on and the c:btly h£c of more lhan 350 eommunillc.s m North America, and more than 50 on other contincnb. Each community\ hsung include.s name, address. phone, and 3 dcs.;npoon of the group. E~tcns1v,: cross-referencing and 111ll.;.<mg m:Jkc,, the information easy to accc.~li for a wick: vwicty of users. Includes maps, over 250 odd,tiorml RC)Ource listings, and 40 related articles. 328 pages 8-l/2xl I PcrfC<.'thound October 1990 ISBI'< Number. 0-9602714-1-4 Sl6.00 Add S2.00 postage & handling for first bOok, S.50 for each additional: 40% discount on orders of IO ur more. Alpha Fann. Deadwood, OR (503) 964-5102 LM'f BALD EAGLES - arc\tii~g ii; ~nncssee Valley in unu.~ually high numbers this year :is n result of rec«d cold ttmpenuuros in the northern states. The Ch:uunooga Nature Centi!!' IIMOWlCCS "Engle Wateh 1993," a film and eagle view,ng session prcscnl.Cd by the centcr's program coordinator Ray Zimmerman and members or the Emma Bell Mjlcs Chapw or the Audubon Society. Dale: Janua,y 10, 2 to 5 P.M. Cose S2 to $5. Contact Ray Zimmerman@ (615) 821-1160 for details. LAND TRUSTS - have saved over 2.7 million acres in America. In spite of this, most people do not n:allzc how land truSts operate or how lnnd truSts can help individuals and communities protect the land they love. A new video, "Land Trusts in America: Guardians or lhe Future,• is useful to anyone in the conservation community: Land Trust Alliance; 900 Seventeen.th SL NW, Suit.e 410: Washington, DC 20006-2501. THE APPALACHIAN TRAil. CONFERENCE its 32 alrlWlled clubs, and 5,400 members have been mairuaining the 2,143 mile Georgia lO ~-f.ainc footpath since its completion decades ago. Today dedicated volunl.CClll share in efforts U) ensure permanent protection of lhe footpath and surrounding grecnway. To find the club nearest you, writ.e: Appalachian Trail Conference; P.O. Box 807; Harpers Ferry, WV 25425-0807. COMMON GROUND • the annual Journal where grassroots women speak from the heart. Our 1992 issue wa.s wriuen by indigenous women throughout North America. Our 1993 issue will focus 011 farmworker women of all colors and cultures. A second publication, "Groundings." is a !-ea'iOn:il newslci!ct which builds a 11Ctwork of solidarity. published by a community or people who experiment in non-violent v.-ay~ of doing justice: Common Ground; P.O Box 64717; Baton Rouge, LA 70896. THERE ARE AN ESTIMATED 3,000 intentional commun1ues m the United State$. "Follow the Din Road,· a new video by mdcpcndcnt filmmaker, Monique Gauthier, is an excellent introduction tor anyone int=tcd in the succci;.,;cs and struggles of con1cmporary int.eriuonal communities: Send S28 to Monique Gaulh1e{ - FTDR; I Evcrg,ccn Ct.; Landcnburg, PA 19350-9389. GANDHI, A PRACTICING ATTORNEY, once said that "the true function of a lawyer wa~ to un1t.e parues riven a~under. • A new organi.7.alion has been <:litablishcd to create a ncr.worlc or t.,wycrs, law students, and olhcr conflict resolution professionals. The group wdl explore ways to seek resolution of issues through mcdi:u.ion, using the courts only as a last resort. A guiding principle or lhc group is respect for the dignity of each person involved. Another goal is helping children of divorce by reducing the conflict between their parents. Wnie: lntcmauonal Alliance of Holistic Lawyers; P.O. Box 26; Middlebury, VT 05753. LOCAL ACCOUNTANr would like to assist cnvironmcnmlly-awu,c businesses in their accounting and booklcccp1ng wort: Sherman Bamford: 163 Beavetdam Rd.; Asheville, NC 28804. , Wtbworklng i.f available for $2 .50 (prtpai4) for eaeh entry of 50 words or lts.s. Submil tnlriesfor ISSUL 1138 by Ftbruary 15. /993. Mail 10 Katuah Journal; Rt. 8, Box 323; LtllOir, NC 28645. (704} 754.6()97, 1.littt«, 1992-93 Xotiiah Jour nal JXl(JC 33 I �Dear Members of Katu.ah Journal, After nearly 10 years of service to the Katuah Bioregional Province, the KJltuah Journal newspaper will be ceasing publication in the summer of 1993. We have not been able to find enough people able to take long term responsibility for a project of this scale on a volunteer basis. While we are stopping the journal, we will keep the non-profit organization "Katuah" alive in order to have the option of carrying out future In the spring we will publish issue #38 devoted to alternative transportation in the Katuah bioregion. The final summer issue will contain an index to the KJltuah /011rnal, a listing of other bioregionally-oriented organizations in the province, and tie up loose ends. Thank you for your generous support of KJltuah /ournal over the years. Without your help the paper would not have been as vibrant or as vital as it has been. bioregional projecls. We decided to end the tradition of publishing the The Board of Directors for the Katuah organization will consist of: David Wheeler, Rob Messick, and Lee Barnes. We will meet at least once a year to keep track of organization business and to discuss future options. Any member who has project ideas or is interested in participating in this process should write us at: Katuah Futures; Rt. 8, Box 323; Lenoir, NC 28645 or call (704) journal with some measure of strength, rather than watch it slowly fizzle out. If you have comments or suggestions for the future, we would like to hear from you. Sincerely, KJltrlah Journal Staff 754-6097. D.. I would like to order issues: #38 (Spring 1993) Alternative Transportation #39 (Summer 1993) Index & Resources For a total value o/$5.00 J<atuah Journal Rt. 8 Box 323 Lenoir, NC Katuah Province 28645 Issue #39 of the Kati,ah Jo11rnal \viii contain a resource guide to groups and organizations devoted to protecting and restoring the natural world in the bioregion and working to sustain the web of life and our human economic and social systems in Katuah. We have postulated the following categories of activity: Regional Economy Health and Healing Appropriate Technology Appropriate Transportation Councils & Decision Making Peace Issues & Conflict Resolution Shelter Education Agriculture Spiritual Life Natural Emlogy .D111wing by Mic:haal Thompson Name _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ Address _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ Town _ _ _ _ _ _ State___ Zip _ _ __ The success of this project will depend on your participation. Please send us information about your group and other groups that are working in your area. Offer other categories, if you like. Use additional sheets of paper if necessary. Give name, address, phone number, a one paragraph description of their work, and possibly a brief quote expressing their purpose. Enclose a copy of the organizational logo, if possible, and any photographs or drawings of group activities or the products of their work. Please also enclose your name, address, and phone in case there is a need for follow-up contacts. Submissions must be received by April 31, 1993. Mail to Katuah Journal; Rt. 8, Box 323; Lenoir, N"C 28645. ,.,inter, 1992- 93 �, -·~KATUAH KONFUSION:·- Katuah konfvs1 on has \>een canceled due to ,.e11 censo,.sn"i?. ihe c:ar"toon i st ha~ 'oeen fired because he. is oe,. full of *@* %. BACK ISSUES OF KATUAH JOURNAL AVAILABLE ISSUE FOUR • SUMMER 1984 Water Drum - WalU Quality - Kudzu - Solar Eclipse - Clearculling - Trout - Going io Water - Ram Pumps - Microhydro. Poems: Bennie Lee Sinclair, Jim Wayne MiUer ISSUE FIVE- FALL 1984 Harvest - Old Ways in Cherokee • Ginseng • Nuclear Waste - Our Celtic Heritage • Bioregionalism: Past, Present, and Future - John Wilnoty - Healing Darkness - Politics of Panicipation ISSUE SIX· WINTER 1984-8S Winier Solstice Eanh Ceremony - Horsepasrurea River· Coming of the Light • Log Cabin Root • Mountain Agriculwre: The Right Crop - William Taylor - The Future of the Forest ISSUE SEVEN· SPRING 198S Sustainable Economics - Hot Springs - Worker Ownership - The Great Economy - Self Help Credit Union - Wild Turlcey - Responsible Investing Working in the Web of Life ISSUE EIGHT- SUMMER 1985 Celebration: A Way of Life - Katll3h 18,000 Years Ago - Sacred Sites - Folk Ans in the Schools • Sun Cycle/Moon Cycle - Poems:. Hilda Downer Cherokee Heritage Center . Who Owns Appalachia? ISSUE NINE· FALL 198S The Waldce Forest - The Trees Spealc • Migrating Forests - Horse Logging - Starting a Tree Crop Urban Trees - Acom Bread· Mylh Tune ISSUE TEN - WINTER 198S-86 Kate Rogers - Circles of Sione - Jntemal Mythmaking - Holistic Healing on Trial - Poems: Steve Knauth - Mythic Places - The Ulaena's Talc Crystal Magic - "Drcamspcalcing" ISSUE THIRTEEN - FALL 1986 Center FOi' Awakening - Elizabeth Ca.llari - A Gentle Death - Hospice - Ernest Morgan - Dealing Creatively with Death - Horne Burial Box - The Wake . The Raven Mocker - Woodslore & Wildwoods Wisdom - Good Medicine: The Sweat Lodge ISSUE FOURTEEN· WINTER 1986-87 Lloyd Carl Owle - Boogers and Mummers - AU Species Day · Cabin Fever University - Homeless in Katunh - Homemade H01 Water • Stovemaker's Narrative - Good Medicine: lnl.Cl$p0Cies Communication ISSUE FIFfEEN • SPRING 1987 Coverlets - Woman Forester - Susie McMahan: Midwife • Alternative Contraception - Bioscituality • Bioregionalism and Women - Good Medicine: Mmrinrchal Culture - Ptarl We 11ave limited numbers of particular back issues. Order back issues soo11 to i11s11re availabilitlJ, TI1cre are no more entire sets of Katt,ah Jounral available. Tlte ,rear complete sets of back issues will be di111i11isl1i11g as limited copies sell out. ISSUE SIXTEEN· SUMMER 1987 Helen Waite - Poem: Visions in a Garden - Vision Quest - Fust Flow - lnitia1ion • Learning in the Wilderness - Cherokee Challenge - "Valuing Trees· ISSUE EIGHTEEN· WINTER 1987-88 Vernacular Architeclure - Dreams in Wood and Stone - Mountain Home - Eanh Energies - Eanh-Sheltcred Living - Membrane Houses - Brush Shelier . Poems: Octobu Dusk • Good Medicine: · shelier" ISSUE NINETEEN - SPRING 1988 Perelandra Garden· Spring Tonics - Bl11Cberries • Wildflower Gardens - Granny Herbalist - Flower Essences: - "The Origin of the Animals:" Story Good Medicine: "Power" - Be A Tree ISSUE 1WENTY • SUMMER 1988 Preserve Appalachian Wilderness - Highlands of Roan - Celo Commllllity - I.and Trust - Arthur Morgan School - Zoning Issue • "The Ridge" • Farmers and the Farm Bill • Good Medicine: "Land" - Acid Raio - Duke's Power Play • Cherokee Microhydro Project ISSUE TWENTY-TWO-WINTER 1988-89 Global Warming - rll'C This Time. Thomas Berry on "Bioregions· - Earth Exercise - Kort Loy McWhiner - An Abundance of Emptiness - LETS • Chrooicles of Floyd - Darry Wood • The Bear Clan ISSUE 1WBNTY-THREE - SPRING 1989 Pisgah Village - Planet Alt - Green City - Poplar Appeal· "Clear Sky" • •A New Eanh". Black Swan - Wild Lovely Days - Reviews: Sacred lllnd Sacred Sa, let Age - Poem: ·sudden Tendrils" ISSUE lWENTY-FOUR • SUMMER 1989 Deep Llsiening - Life in Atomic City - Direct Action! - Tree of Peace - Community Building Peacemakers - Ethnic Survival - Pairing Project · "Baulcsong" - Growing Peace in Cultures • Review: The Chalice and 1lu: Bfodt ISSUE TWENTY-SIX - WINTER, 1989-90 The Ecozoic Era - Kids Saving RainfOl'est - Kids Trcecycling Company - Conflict Rcsolul.ion Developing Creative Spirit - Birth Power - Magic of Puppetry - Home Schooling • Naming Ceremony Mother Earth's Classroom - Gardening for Children ISSUE TWENTY-SEVEN· SPRING, 1990 Transformation - Healing Power - Peace l0 Their Ashes - Healing in Kaulah • Poem: "When Ldt to Grow· - Poems: Stephen Wing - The Belly · Food from the Ancient Forest ISSUE TWENTY-NINE -FALL/WINTER 1990 From the Mountains to the Sea - Profde of The Liu!c Tennessee River . Headwaters Ecology - •11 AU Comes Down 10 Water Quality" - Ware Power. Action for Aquatic Hnbil1llS - Dawn Watehcrs - Good Medicine: The Long Humnn Being - The Nonh Shore Road • Kattlah Sells Out • Waiershed Map of the Katuah Province ISSUE nnRTY • SPRING 1991 Economy/Ecology • Ways to a Regenerative &onOl'ny • "Money is the Lowest Form or Wealth" • Clarksville Miracle - The Village - Food Movers. Lifework • Good Medicine; "Village l!conomy• Shelton Lawe! • LETS ISSUE nnRTY-ON'E - SUMMER 1991 Dowsing • Responsibilities of Dowsing • Elecuical Life of the Earth - Katiiah and the Earth Grid • Call of the Ancient Ones - Good Medicine: "On Aggression• - Time to Take the T!Dlc to Take the Time - Whole Science - Tuning In ISSUE nnRTY-TWO • FALL 1991 Bringing back the Fire - A Bit or Mountain Levity . Climax Never Came - "Talking Leaves": Sequoyah Walking Distance· Good Medicine: "Serving the Great Life" - The Granola Journal - Paintings: "Mountain Stories"- Songs of the Wilderness ISSUE THIRTY-Tl-lREE • WINTER 1991-92 Fire's Power - What ls Natural • Fire and Forge The rlfSI rll'C - Hearth and Fire in the Mountains Good Medicine: "The Ancient Red" - Midwinter rlf'CS: poems by Jeffery Beam - Litmus Lichens ISSUE nnRTY-FOUR - SPRING 1992 Paradise Gardening - Community Sponsored Agriculwre - Eating Close 10 Home - Native Foods - Cover Crops - Kalunh Cultivars - The Web or Life: A Kalll3h Almanac - Good Medicine "Medicine Training• - Poems by AUison Sutherland ISSUE nnRTY-FlVE - SUMMER 1992 Consensus - Problems with Consensus - Tribal Council · Elda - The State of Franklin - Regional Rainbow - Steve Moon: Shell Engravings • Good Medicine "Medicine Training ll" - A Look Back ISSUE 1HIRTY-SIX • FALL 1992 Using Wood • Appalachian Logging - Old Logging Days - Working the Woodhlnds - Logging with Horses - Invasion of the Giants - From Industry io Endeavor - Ecological Forestry - The Chair in the Tree - Reading the Grove Back Issues: Issue# _ @ $3.00 = $_ __ Issue# __@ $3.00 = $_ __ rssue # __@ $3.00 = $._ _ _ Issue# __@ $3.00 = $._ __ Name postage paid $ _ __ Address Chy Near Complete Set: State Zip (4-10, 13-16, 18-20, 22-24, 26-27, 29-36) postage paid @ $50.00 =$ _ __ Ka tuah Journal Rt. 8, Box 323 Lenoir, NC Ka tuoh Province 28645 • (704) 754-6097 lvLnter, 1992- 93 Xati1nn Journal p<llJ& 3 S � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians Records Description An account of the resource Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, later simplified to Katúah Journal, was published from 1983 to 1993. A quarterly publication, it was focused on the bioregion of former Cherokee land in Appalachia. The early issues of the journal explain the meaning of the Cherokee name, Katúah, and why the editors wanted to view the world through a bioregional lens, rather than political boundaries. A volunteer production, the editors took a holistic view in tackling social, environmental, mental, spiritual, and emotional topics of the day, many of which are still relevant.  The Katúah Journal was co-founded by Marnie Muller, David Wheeler, Thomas Rain Crowe, Martha Tree and others who served as co-publishers and co-editors. Other key team members included Chip Smith, David Reed, Jay Mackey, Rob Messick and many others. This digital collection is only a portion of the Katúah-related materials in the W.L. Eury Appalachian Collection in Special Collections at Appalachian State University. The items in AC.870 Katúah Journal records cover the production history of the Katúah Journal. Contained within the records are correspondence, publication information, article submissions, and financial information. The editorial layouts for issues 12 through 39 are included as are a full run of the Journal spanning nearly a decade. Also included are photographs of events related to the Journal and a film on the publication. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived This resource is part of the Katúah Journal Records collection. For a description of the entire collection, see <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/937" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Katúah Journal Records (AC. 870)</a>. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The images and information in this collection are protected by the Copyright Law of the United States (Title 17, U. S. C.) and are intended only for personal, non-commercial, and educational purposes, provided proper citation is used – i.e., Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians Records, 1980-2013 (AC.870), W. L. Eury Appalachian Collection, Special Collections, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC. Researchers are responsible for securing permissions from the copyright holder for any reproduction, publication, or commercial use of these materials. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1983-1993 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource journals (periodicals) Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Katúah Journal, Issue 37, Winter 1992-1993 Description An account of the resource The thirty-seventh issue of the Katúah Journal is dedicated to creative works that represent bioregionalism and biovisions: stories, essays, drawings, and local legends. An announcement explains that, while the publication is coming to an end in 1993, there are plans to continue the Katúah Organization which will focus on bioregional projects. Authors and artists in this issue include: Dennis K. Frederick, Rob Messick, Will Ashe Bason, James Rhea, Barbara Wickersham, Fran Freudenberger, Lucile Morgan, Bob Johnson, "Pegi", Charlotte Homsher, Doug Elliott, Michael Thompson, Gerald George, and Rhea Ormond. Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians, later simplified to Katúah Journal, was published from 1983 to 1993. A quarterly publication, it was focused on the bioregion of former Cherokee land in Appalachia. The early issues of the journal explain the meaning of the Cherokee name, Katúah, and why the editors wanted to view the world through a bioregional lens, rather than political boundaries. A volunteer production, the editors took a holistic view in tackling social, environmental, mental, spiritual, and emotional topics of the day, many of which are still relevant. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1992-1993 Table Of Contents A list of subunits of the resource. In The Morning by Dennis Frederick.......1 Green Man and Green Woman by Rob Messick.......4 Floyd 2020 by Will Ashe Bason.......7 Ecology by Rob Messick.......8 Drawing of Sequoyah by James Rhea.......9 The Legend of James Whitehead by Barbara Wickersham.......10 Raven! by Fran Freudenberger........11 Kid's Page.......12 Rhea's Fairies.......13 Drawings by Lucile Morgan........14 Drawing by Bob Johnson.......15 Drawings by Pegi.......16 The Solitary Tree by Charlotte Homsher.......17 Wildwoods Wisdom by Doug Elliott.......18 Natural World News.......20 Mandalas by Rob Messick........22 Gourds by Michael Thompson.......23 Poem: A View from Hawk's Nest by Gerald George.......24 Economy by Rob Messick.......25 Drumming.......26 Reviews: Beyond the Beauty Strip | Reshaping Modern Culture by Rob Messick.......31 Events.......32 Webworking.......33 Note: This table of contents corresponds to the original document, not the Document Viewer. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Katúah Journal, printed by The Waynesville Mountaineer Press Subject The topic of the resource Bioregionalism--Appalachian Region, Southern Sustainable living--Appalachian Region, Southern Human ecology--Appalachian Region, Southern Appalachian Region, Southern--Social life and customs--Miscellanea Legends--Tennessee--Roan Mountain Floyd County (Va.)--Fiction North Carolina, Western Blue Ridge Mountains Appalachian Region, Southern North Carolina--Periodicals Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://appstate-speccoll.lyrasistechnology.org/repositories/2/resources/937"> AC.870 Katúah Journal records</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource <a title="In Copyright – Educational Use Permitted" href="https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-EDU/1.0/?language=en 8" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> In Copyright – Educational Use Permitted </a> Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. <a title="Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians" href="https://omeka.library.appstate.edu/collections/show/79" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> Katúah: Bioregional Journal of the Southern Appalachians </a> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Journals (Periodicals) Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1990s Appalachian Mountains Appalachian Studies Book Reviews Children's Page Community Earth Energies Ecological Peril Folklore and Ceremony Forest Issues Habitat Katúah Katúah Organization Pigeon River Poems South PAW (Preserve Appalachian Wilderness) Stories Transportation Issues Turtle Island Villages Water Quality Western North Carolina Alliance